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Sun X, Lee HC, Lu T. Sorbs2 Deficiency and Vascular BK Channelopathy in Diabetes. Circ Res 2024; 134:858-871. [PMID: 38362769 PMCID: PMC10978258 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel, composed of the α-subunit (BK-α) and the β1-subunit (BK-β1), is a key determinant of coronary vasorelaxation and its function is impaired in diabetic vessels. However, our knowledge of diabetic BK channel dysregulation is incomplete. The Sorbs2 (Sorbin homology [SoHo] and Src homology 3 [SH3] domains-containing protein 2), is ubiquitously expressed in arteries, but its role in vascular pathophysiology is unknown. METHODS The role of Sorbs2 in regulating vascular BK channel activity was determined using patch-clamp recordings, molecular biological techniques, and in silico analysis. RESULTS Sorbs2 is not only a cytoskeletal protein but also an RNA-binding protein that binds to BK channel proteins and BK-α mRNA, regulating BK channel expression and function in coronary smooth muscle cells. Molecular biological studies reveal that the SH3 domain of Sorbs2 is necessary for Sorbs2 interaction with BK-α subunits, while both the SH3 and SoHo domains of Sorbs2 interact with BK-β1 subunits. Deletion of the SH3 or SoHo domains abolishes the Sorbs2 effect on the BK-α/BK-β1 channel current density. Additionally, Sorbs2 is a target gene of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2), which binds to the promoter of Sorbs2 and regulates Sorbs2 expression in coronary smooth muscle cells. In vivo studies demonstrate that Sorbs2 knockout mice at 4 months of age display a significant decrease in BK channel expression and function, accompanied by impaired BK channel Ca2+-sensitivity and BK channel-mediated vasodilation in coronary arteries, without altering their body weights and blood glucose levels. Importantly, Sorbs2 expression is significantly downregulated in the coronary arteries of db/db type 2 diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS Sorbs2, a downstream target of Nrf2, plays an important role in regulating BK channel expression and function in vascular smooth muscle cells. Vascular Sorbs2 is downregulated in diabetes. Genetic knockout of Sorbs2 manifests coronary BK channelopathy and vasculopathy observed in diabetic mice, independent of obesity and glucotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Sun
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Tong Lu
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Li XY, Qian LL, Wu Y, Zhang YM, Dang SP, Liu XY, Tang X, Lu CY, Wang RX. Advanced glycation end products impair coronary artery BK channels via AMPK/Akt/FBXO32 signaling pathway. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2023; 20:14791641231197107. [PMID: 37592725 PMCID: PMC10439763 DOI: 10.1177/14791641231197107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) impair vascular physiology in Diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Vascular large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels play important roles in coronary arterial function.Purpose: Our study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of AGEs in BK channels.Research Design: Using gavage of vehicle (V, normal saline) or aminoguanidine (A) for 8 weeks, normal and diabetic rats were divided into four groups: C+V group, DM+V group, C+A group, and DM+A group.Study Sample: Coronary arteries from different groups of rats and human coronary smooth muscle cells were used in this study.Data Collection and Analysis: Data were presented as mean ± SEM (standard error of mean). Student's t-test was used to compare data between two groups. One-way ANOVA with post-hoc LSD analysis was used to compare data between multiple groups.Results: Compared to the C+V group, vascular contraction induced by iberiotoxin (IBTX), a BK channel inhibitor, was impaired, and BK channel densities decreased in the DM+V group. However, aminoguanidine administration reduced the impairment. Protein expression of BK-β1, phosphorylation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and protein kinase B (PKB or Akt) were down-regulated, while F-box protein 32 (FBXO32) expression increased in the DM+V group and in high glucose (HG) cultured human coronary smooth muscle cells. Treatment with aminoguanidine in vitro and in vivo could reverse the above protein expression. The effect of aminoguanidine on the improvement of BK channel function by inhibiting the generation of AGEs was reversed by adding MK2206 (Akt inhibitor) or Compound C (AMPK inhibitor) in HG conditions in vitro.Conclusions: AGEs aggravate BK channel dysfunction via the AMPK/Akt/FBXO32 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ling-Ling Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yu-Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shi-Peng Dang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Cun-yu Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ru-Xing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wuxi People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Zhao X, Cheng Z, Zhang H, Guo Y, Zhao L, Zhang C, Ye P, Zhang K, Ma X, Wu Q. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Inhibits the Progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Mice: The Earlier, the Better. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2023:10.1007/s10557-023-07456-x. [PMID: 37145254 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-023-07456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has a cardiovascular protective effect by preventing abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation. However, it is unclear at what point the agent should be administered to achieve the optimal effect. In this study, we aimed to determine whether administering the GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide during the earlier stages would more efficiently inhibit AAA progression in mice. METHODS Depending on the group, mice were given a daily dose of 300 μg/kg liraglutide for 28 days at 7, 14, and 28 days after aneurysm induction. The morphology of the abdominal aorta was monitored using 7.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during the administration of liraglutide. After 28 days of administration, the AAA dilatation ratio was calculated, and histopathological examination was performed. Oxidative stress levels were evaluated by the expression of malondialdehyde (MDA) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The inflammatory response was also evaluated. RESULTS Liraglutide treatment led to a decrease in AAA formation, including a reduction in abdominal aorta expansion, elastin degradation in the elastic laminae, and vascular inflammation caused by leukocyte infiltration. The expression of MDA and the activity of MMPs (MMP-2, MMP-9) also decreased. Notably, administering liraglutide during the early stages resulted in a significant reduction in the dilatation rate of the aortic wall, as well as in MDA expression, leukocyte infiltration, and MMP activity in the vascular wall. CONCLUSIONS The GLP-1 receptor agonist liraglutide was found to inhibit AAA progression in mice by exerting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, particularly during the early stages of AAA formation. Therefore, liraglutide may represent a potential pharmacological target for the treatment of AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghan Zhao
- Department of Interventional therapy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, China
| | - Zhang Cheng
- Department of Interventional therapy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Interventional therapy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, China
| | - Yingkun Guo
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Interventional therapy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Ye
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohai Ma
- Department of Interventional therapy, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Beijing, China.
| | - Qihong Wu
- Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan, 610041, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang L, Li J, Reilly S, Xin H, Guo N, Zhang X. Role of organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels in disease development. Life Sci 2023; 316:121433. [PMID: 36708987 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels share a similar ability to transfer the alteration of Ca2+ concentration to membrane conductance of potassium. Multiple effects of Ca2+-activated K+ channels on cell metabolism and complex signaling pathways during organ development have been explored. The organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels are able to control the ionic equilibrium and are always associated with oxidative stress in different organelles and the whole cells. Some drugs targeting Ca2+-activated K+ channels have been tested for various diseases in clinical trials. In this review, the known roles of organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels were described, and their effects on different diseases, particularly on diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases were discussed. It was attempted to summarize the currently known operational modes with the involvement of organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels. This review may assist scholars to more comprehensively understand organellar Ca2+-activated K+ channels and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Svetlana Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Hong Xin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Minhang hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Hu XQ, Zhang L. Ca(2+)-Activated K(+) Channels and the Regulation of the Uteroplacental Circulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36674858 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate uteroplacental blood supply is essential for the development and growth of the placenta and fetus during pregnancy. Aberrant uteroplacental perfusion is associated with pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction (FGR), and gestational diabetes. The regulation of uteroplacental blood flow is thus vital to the well-being of the mother and fetus. Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa) channels of small, intermediate, and large conductance participate in setting and regulating the resting membrane potential of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs) and play a critical role in controlling vascular tone and blood pressure. KCa channels are important mediators of estrogen/pregnancy-induced adaptive changes in the uteroplacental circulation. Activation of the channels hyperpolarizes uteroplacental VSMCs/ECs, leading to attenuated vascular tone, blunted vasopressor responses, and increased uteroplacental blood flow. However, the regulation of uteroplacental vascular function by KCa channels is compromised in pregnancy complications. This review intends to provide a comprehensive overview of roles of KCa channels in the regulation of the uteroplacental circulation under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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Hu XQ, Zhang L. Oxidative Regulation of Vascular Ca v1.2 Channels Triggers Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension-Related Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122432. [PMID: 36552639 PMCID: PMC9774363 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood pressure is determined by cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance. The L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ (Cav1.2) channel in small arteries and arterioles plays an essential role in regulating Ca2+ influx, vascular resistance, and blood pressure. Hypertension and preeclampsia are characterized by high blood pressure. In addition, diabetes has a high prevalence of hypertension. The etiology of these disorders remains elusive, involving the complex interplay of environmental and genetic factors. Common to these disorders are oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from NADPH oxidases (NOXs) and mitochondria are primary sources of vascular oxidative stress, whereas dysfunction of the Cav1.2 channel confers increased vascular resistance in hypertension. This review will discuss the importance of ROS derived from NOXs and mitochondria in regulating vascular Cav1.2 and potential roles of ROS-mediated Cav1.2 dysfunction in aberrant vascular function in hypertension, diabetes, and preeclampsia.
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Ning FL, Tao J, Li DD, Tian LL, Wang ML, Reilly S, Liu C, Cai H, Xin H, Zhang XM. Activating BK channels ameliorates vascular smooth muscle calcification through Akt signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:624-33. [PMID: 34163023 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00704-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is characterized by pathological depositions of calcium and phosphate in the arteries and veins via an active cell-regulated process, in which vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) transform into osteoblast/chondrocyte-like cells as in bone formation. VC is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study we investigated the role of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels in 3 experimental VC models. VC was induced in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by β-glycerophosphate (β-GP), or in rats by subtotal nephrectomy, or in mice by high-dosage vitamin D3. We showed that the expression of BK channels in the artery of CKD rats with VC and in β-GP-treated VSMCs was significantly decreased, which was functionally confirmed by patch-clamp recording. In β-GP-treated VSMCs, BK channel opener NS1619 (20 μM) significantly alleviated VC by decreasing calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity. Furthermore, NS1619 decreased mRNA expression of ostoegenic genes OCN and OPN, as well as Runx2 (a key transcription factor involved in preosteoblast to osteoblast differentiation), and increased the expression of α-SMA protein, whereas BK channel inhibitor paxilline (10 μM) caused the opposite effects. In primary cultured VSMCs from BK-/- mice, BK deficiency aggravated calcification as did BK channel inhibitor in normal VSMCs. Moreover, calcification was more severe in thoracic aorta rings of BK-/- mice than in those of wild-type littermates. Administration of BK channel activator BMS191011 (10 mg· kg-1 ·d-1) in high-dosage vitamin D3-treated mice significantly ameliorated calcification. Finally, co-treatment with Akt inhibitor MK2206 (1 μM) or FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856 (3 μM) in calcified VSMCs abrogated the effects of BK channel opener NS1619. Taken together, activation of BK channels ameliorates VC via Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathways. Strategies to activate BK channels and/or enhance BK channel expression may offer therapeutic avenues to control VC.
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Lu T, Lee HC. Coronary Large Conductance Ca 2+-Activated K + Channel Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus. Front Physiol 2021; 12:750618. [PMID: 34744789 PMCID: PMC8567020 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.750618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk of macrovascular and microvascular complications, while cardiovascular diseases remain a leading cause of death in both men and women with diabetes. Large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels are abundantly expressed in arteries and are the key ionic determinant of vascular tone and organ perfusion. It is well established that the downregulation of vascular BK channel function with reduced BK channel protein expression and altered intrinsic BK channel biophysical properties is associated with diabetic vasculopathy. Recent efforts also showed that diabetes-associated changes in signaling pathways and transcriptional factors contribute to the downregulation of BK channel expression. This manuscript will review our current understandings on the molecular, physiological, and biophysical mechanisms that underlie coronary BK channelopathy in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Leo MD, Peixoto-Nieves D, Yin W, Raghavan S, Muralidharan P, Mata-Daboin A, Jaggar JH. TMEM16A channel upregulation in arterial smooth muscle cells produces vasoconstriction during diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1089-H1101. [PMID: 33449847 PMCID: PMC7988758 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00690.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The pathological involvement of anion channels in vascular dysfunction that occurs during type 2 diabetes (T2D) is unclear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that TMEM16A, a calcium-activated chloride (Cl-) channel, contributes to modifications in arterial contractility during T2D. Our data indicate that T2D increased TMEM16A mRNA in arterial smooth muscle cells and total and surface TMEM16A protein in resistance-size cerebral and hindlimb arteries of mice. To examine vascular cell types in which TMEM16A protein increased and the functional consequences of TMEM16A upregulation during T2D, we generated tamoxifen-inducible, smooth muscle cell-specific TMEM16A knockout (TMEM16A smKO) mice. T2D increased both TMEM16A protein and Cl- current density in arterial smooth muscle cells of control (TMEM16Afl/fl) mice. In contrast, T2D did not alter arterial TMEM16A protein or Cl- current density in smooth muscle cells of TMEM16A smKO mice. Intravascular pressure stimulated greater vasoconstriction (myogenic tone) in the arteries of T2D TMEM16Afl/fl mice than in the arteries of nondiabetic TMEM16Afl/fl mice. This elevation in myogenic tone in response to T2D was abolished in the arteries of T2D TMEM16A smKO mice. T2D also reduced Akt2 protein and activity in the arteries of T2D mice. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Akt2, but not Akt1, increased arterial TMEM16A protein in nondiabetic mice. In summary, data indicate that T2D is associated with an increase in TMEM16A expression and currents in arterial smooth muscle cells that produces vasoconstriction. Data also suggest that a reduction in Akt2 function drives these pathological alterations during T2D.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the involvement of TMEM16A channels in vascular dysfunction during type 2 diabetes (T2D). TMEM16A message, protein, and currents were higher in smooth muscle cells of resistance-size arteries during T2D. Pressure stimulated greater vasoconstriction in the arteries of T2D mice that was abolished in the arteries of TMEM16A smKO mice. Akt2 protein and activity were both lower in T2D arteries, and Akt2 knockdown elevated TMEM16A protein. We propose that a decrease in Akt2 function stimulates TMEM16A expression in arterial smooth muscle cells, leading to vasoconstriction during T2D.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anoctamin-1/deficiency
- Anoctamin-1/genetics
- Anoctamin-1/metabolism
- Arteries/metabolism
- Arteries/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology
- Diabetic Angiopathies/genetics
- Diabetic Angiopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Angiopathies/physiopathology
- HEK293 Cells
- Hindlimb/blood supply
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Male
- Membrane Potentials
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Streptozocin
- Up-Regulation
- Vasoconstriction
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dennis Leo
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Wen Yin
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Somasundaram Raghavan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Alejandro Mata-Daboin
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jonathan H Jaggar
- Department of Physiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
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Xing H, Zhang Z, Shi G, He Y, Song Y, Liu Y, Harrington EO, Sellke FW, Feng J. Chronic Inhibition of mROS Protects Against Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Mice With Diabetes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:643810. [PMID: 33681229 PMCID: PMC7930489 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.643810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction. Persistent oxidative stress during diabetes contributes to coronary endothelial dysfunction. The mitochondria are main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diabetes, and mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mito-Tempo can prevent mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) generation in a variety of disorders. Inhibition/inactivation of small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels contribute to diabetic downregulation of coronary endothelial function/relaxation. However, few investigated the role of mROS on endothelial dysfunction/vasodilation and endothelial SK channel downregulation in diabetes. The aim of present study was to investigate the chronic administration of mito-Tempo, on coronary vasodilation, and endothelial SK channel activity of mice with or without diabetes. Mito-Tempo (1 mg/kg/day) was applied to the mice with or without diabetes (n = 10/group) for 4 weeks. In vitro relaxation response of pre-contracted arteries was examined in the presence or absence of the vasodilatory agents. SK channel currents of the isolated mouse heart endothelial cells were measured using whole-cell patch clamp methods. At baseline, coronary endothelium-dependent relaxation responses to ADP and the selective SK channel activator NS309 and endothelial SK channel currents were decreased in diabetic mice compared with that in non-diabetic (ND) mice (p < 0.05). After a 4-week treatment with mito-Tempo, coronary endothelium-dependent relaxation response to ADP or NS309 and endothelial SK channel currents in the diabetic mice was significantly improved when compared with that in untreated diabetic mice (p < 0.05). Interestingly, coronary relaxation responses to ADP and NS309 and endothelial SK channel currents were not significantly changed in ND mice after mito-Tempo treatment, as compared to that of untreated control group. Chronic inhibition of endothelial mROS appears to improve coronary endothelial function/dilation and SK channel activity in diabetes, and mROS inhibitors may be a novel strategy to treat vascular complications in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xing
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Guangbin Shi
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Yixin He
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Yi Song
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Elizabeth O Harrington
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence VA Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jun Feng
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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Nieves-Cintrón M, Flores-Tamez VA, Le T, Baudel MMA, Navedo MF. Cellular and molecular effects of hyperglycemia on ion channels in vascular smooth muscle. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:31-61. [PMID: 32594191 PMCID: PMC7765743 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03582-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes affects millions of people worldwide. This devastating disease dramatically increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disorders. A hallmark metabolic abnormality in diabetes is hyperglycemia, which contributes to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular complications. These cardiovascular complications are, at least in part, related to hyperglycemia-induced molecular and cellular changes in the cells making up blood vessels. Whereas the mechanisms mediating endothelial dysfunction during hyperglycemia have been extensively examined, much less is known about how hyperglycemia impacts vascular smooth muscle function. Vascular smooth muscle function is exquisitely regulated by many ion channels, including several members of the potassium (K+) channel superfamily and voltage-gated L-type Ca2+ channels. Modulation of vascular smooth muscle ion channels function by hyperglycemia is emerging as a key contributor to vascular dysfunction in diabetes. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of how diabetic hyperglycemia modulates the activity of these ion channels in vascular smooth muscle. We examine underlying mechanisms, general properties, and physiological relevance in the context of myogenic tone and vascular reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Nieves-Cintrón
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Víctor A Flores-Tamez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Thanhmai Le
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Manuel F Navedo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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12
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Hu XQ, Song R, Romero M, Dasgupta C, Min J, Hatcher D, Xiao D, Blood A, Wilson SM, Zhang L. Gestational Hypoxia Inhibits Pregnancy-Induced Upregulation of Ca 2+ Sparks and Spontaneous Transient Outward Currents in Uterine Arteries Via Heightened Endoplasmic Reticulum/Oxidative Stress. Hypertension 2020; 76:930-942. [PMID: 32683903 PMCID: PMC7429261 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia during pregnancy profoundly affects uterine vascular adaptation and increases the risk of pregnancy complications, including preeclampsia and fetal intrauterine growth restriction. We recently demonstrated that increases in Ca2+ sparks and spontaneous transient outward currents (STOCs) played an essential role in pregnancy-induced uterine vascular adaptation. In the present study, we hypothesize that gestational hypoxia suppresses Ca2+ sparks/STOCs coupling leading to increased uterine vascular tone via enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/oxidative stress. Uterine arteries were obtained from nonpregnant and near-term pregnant sheep residing in low altitude or acclimatizing to high-altitude (3801 m) hypoxia for ≈110 days. High-altitude hypoxia suppressed pregnancy-induced upregulation of RyR1 and RyR2 (ryanodine receptor 1 and 2) protein abundance, Ca2+ sparks, and STOCs in uterine arteries. Inhibition of Ca2+ sparks/STOCs with the RyR inhibitor ryanodine significantly increased pressure-dependent myogenic tone in uterine arteries from low-altitude normoxic pregnant animals but not those from high-altitude hypoxic pregnant animals. Gestational hypoxia significantly increased ER/oxidative stress in uterine arteries. Of importance, the hypoxia-mediated suppression of Ca2+ sparks/STOCs and increase in myogenic tone in uterine arteries of pregnant animals were reversed by inhibiting ER/oxidative stress. Of great interest, the impaired sex hormonal regulation of STOCs in high-altitude animals was annulled by scavenging reactive oxygen species but not by inhibiting ER stress. Together, the findings reveal the differential mechanisms of ER and oxidative stresses in suppressing Ca2+ sparks/STOCs and increasing myogenic tone of uterine arteries in hypoxia during gestation, providing new insights into the understanding of pregnancy complications associated with hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qun Hu
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Rui Song
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Monica Romero
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Chiranjib Dasgupta
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Joseph Min
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Daisy Hatcher
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Daliao Xiao
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Arlin Blood
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Sean M Wilson
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- From the Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, CA
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13
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Qian LL, Liu XY, Yu ZM, Wang RX. BK Channel Dysfunction in Diabetic Coronary Artery: Role of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:453. [PMID: 32547406 PMCID: PMC7274077 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic coronary arterial disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The impaired function of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BK channels) is involved in diabetic coronary arterial disease. Many studies have indicated that the reduced BK channel expression in diabetic coronary artery is attributed to ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. This review focuses on the influence and the mechanisms of BK channel regulation by E3 ubiquitin ligases in diabetic coronary arterial disease. Thus, BK channels regulated by E3 ubiquitin ligase may play a pivotal role in the coronary pathogenesis of diabetic mellitus and, as such, is a potentially attractive target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhi-Ming Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ru-Xing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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14
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Zhang ZY, Qian LL, Wang N, Miao LF, Ma X, Dang SP, Wu Y, Liu XY, Li XY, Chai Q, Pan M, Yi F, Ling TY, Wang RX. Glucose fluctuations promote vascular BK channels dysfunction via PKCα/NF-κB/MuRF1 signaling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 145:14-24. [PMID: 32511969 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Glucose fluctuations may contribute to large conductance calcium activated potassium (BK) channel dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in BK channel dysfunction as a result of glucose fluctuations. A rat diabetic model was established through the injection of streptozotocin. Glucose fluctuations in diabetic rats were induced via consumption and starvation. Rat coronary arteries were isolated and coronary vascular tensions were measured after three weeks. Rat coronary artery smooth muscle cells were isolated and whole-cell BK channel currents were recorded using a patch clamp technique. Human coronary artery smooth muscle cells in vitro were used to explore the underlying mechanisms. After incubation with iberiotoxin (IBTX), the Δ tensions (% Max) of rat coronary arteries in the controlled diabetes mellitus (C-DM), the uncontrolled DM (U-DM) and the DM with glucose fluctuation (GF-DM) groups were found to be 84.46 ± 5.75, 61.89 ± 10.20 and 14.77 ± 5.90, respectively (P < .05), while the current densities of the BK channels in the three groups were 43.09 ± 4.35 pA/pF, 34.23 ± 6.07 pA/pF and 17.87 ± 4.33 pA/pF, respectively (P < .05). The Δ tensions (% Max) of rat coronary arteries after applying IBTX in the GF-DM rats injected with 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) (GF-DM + NaCl) and the GF-DM rats injected with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) (GF-DM + NAC) groups were found to be 8.86 ± 1.09 and 48.90 ± 10.85, respectively (P < .05). Excessive oxidative stress and the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) α and nuclear factor (NF)-κB induced by glucose fluctuations promoted the decrease of BK-β1 expression, while the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS), PKCα, NF-κB and muscle ring finger protein 1 (MuRF1) reversed this effect. Glucose fluctuations aggravate BK channel dysfunction via the ROS overproduction and the PKCα/NF-κB/MuRF1 signaling pathway.
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15
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Samak DH, El-Sayed YS, Shaheen HM, El-Far AH, Abd El-Hack ME, Noreldin AE, El-Naggar K, Abdelnour SA, Saied EM, El-Seedi HR, Aleya L, Abdel-Daim MM. Developmental toxicity of carbon nanoparticles during embryogenesis in chicken. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:19058-19072. [PMID: 30499089 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are very small particles present in a wide range of materials. There is a dearth of knowledge regarding their potential secondary effects on the health of living organisms and the environment. Increasing research attention, however, has been directed toward determining the effects on humans exposed to NPs in the environment. Although the majority of studies focus on adult animals or populations, embryos of various species are considered more susceptible to environmental effects and pollutants. Hence, research studies dealing mainly with the impacts of NPs on embryogenesis have emerged recently, as this has become a major concern. Chicken embryos occupy a special place among animal models used in toxicity and developmental investigations and have also contributed significantly to the fields of genetics, virology, immunology, cell biology, and cancer. Their rapid development and easy accessibility for experimental observance and manipulation are just a few of the advantages that have made them the vertebrate model of choice for more than two millennia. The early stages of chicken embryogenesis, which are characterized by rapid embryonic growth, provide a sensitive model for studying the possible toxic effects on organ development, body weight, and oxidative stress. The objective of this review was to evaluate the toxicity of various types of carbon black nanomaterials administered at the beginning of embryogenesis in a chicken embryo model. In addition, the effects of diamond and graphene NPs and carbon nanotubes are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia H Samak
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Yasser S El-Sayed
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Hazem M Shaheen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Karima El-Naggar
- Department of Nutrition and Veterinary Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Sameh A Abdelnour
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Essa M Saied
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environment Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, 25030, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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Zhu YR, Jiang XX, Ye P, Wang ZM, Zheng Y, Liu Z, Chen SL, Zhang DM. Knockout of AKAP150 improves impaired BK channel-mediated vascular dysfunction through the Akt/GSK3β signalling pathway in diabetes mellitus. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4716-4725. [PMID: 32163656 PMCID: PMC7176888 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dysfunction resulting from diabetes is an important factor in arteriosclerosis. Previous studies have shown that during hyperglycaemia and diabetes, AKAP150 promotes vascular tone enhancement by intensifying the remodelling of the BK channel. However, the interaction between AKAP150 and the BK channel remains open to discussion. In this study, we investigated the regulation of impaired BK channel‐mediated vascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Using AKAP150 null mice (AKAP150−/−) and wild‐type (WT) control mice (C57BL/6J), diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. We found that knockout of AKAP150 reversed vascular remodelling and fibrosis in mice with diabetes and in AKAP150−/− diabetic mice. Impaired Akt/GSK3β signalling contributed to decreased BK‐β1 expression in aortas from diabetic mice, and the silencing of AKAP150 increased Akt phosphorylation and BK‐β1 expression in MOVAS cells treated with HG medium. The inhibition of Akt activity caused a decrease in BK‐β1 expression, and treatment with AKAP150 siRNA suppressed GSK3β expression in the nuclei of MOVAS cells treated with HG. Knockout of AKAP150 reverses impaired BK channel‐mediated vascular dysfunction through the Akt/GSK3β signalling pathway in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Rong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Mei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yaguo Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhizhong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shao-Liang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dai-Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Sun X, Qian LL, Li Y, Pfiefer TM, Wang XL, Lee HC, Lu T. Regulation of KCNMA1 transcription by Nrf2 in coronary arterial smooth muscle cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 140:68-76. [PMID: 32147517 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels, composed of the pore-forming α subunits (BK-α, encoded by KCNMA1 gene) and the regulatory β1 subunits (BK-β1, encoded by KCNMB1 gene), play a unique role in the regulation of coronary vascular tone and myocardial perfusion by linking intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis with excitation-contraction coupling in coronary arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs). The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) belongs to a member of basic leucine zipper transcription factor family that regulates the expression of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes by binding to the antioxidant response elements (AREs) of these target genes. We have previously reported that vascular BK-β1 protein expression was tightly regulated by Nrf2. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of BK channel expression by Nrf2, particularly at transcription level, is unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that KCNMA1 and KCNMB1 are the target genes of Nrf2 transcriptional regulation. We found that BK channel protein expression and current density were diminished in freshly isolated coronary arterial SMCs of Nrf2 knockout (KO) mice. However, BK-α mRNA expression was reduced, but not that of BK-β1 mRNA expression, in the arteries of Nrf2 KO mice. Promoter-Nrf2 luciferase reporter assay confirmed that Nrf2 binds to the ARE of KCNMA1 promoter, but not that of KCNMB1. Adenoviral expression and pharmacological activation of Nrf2 increased BK-α and BK-β1 protein levels and enhanced BK channel activity in coronary arterial SMCs. Hence, our results indicate that Nrf2 is a key determinant of BK channel expression and function in vascular SMCs. Nrf2 facilitates BK-α expression through a direct increase in gene transcription, whereas that on BK-β1 is through a different mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Sun
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905, MN, USA
| | - Ling-Ling Qian
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905, MN, USA; The Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi 214023, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yong Li
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905, MN, USA; The Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou 213017, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Teresa M Pfiefer
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905, MN, USA
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905, MN, USA
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905, MN, USA
| | - Tong Lu
- The Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester 55905, MN, USA.
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18
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Lu T, Chai Q, Jiao G, Wang XL, Sun X, Furuseth JD, Stulak JM, Daly RC, Greason KL, Cha YM, Lee HC. Downregulation of BK channel function and protein expression in coronary arteriolar smooth muscle cells of type 2 diabetic patients. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 115:145-153. [PMID: 29850792 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is strongly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients. Vascular large conductance Ca2+-activated potassium (BK) channels, composed of four pore-forming α subunits (BK-α), and four regulatory β1 subunits (BK-β1), are densely expressed in coronary arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and play an important role in regulating vascular tone and myocardial perfusion. However, the role of BK channels in coronary microvascular dysfunction of human subjects with diabetes is unclear. In this study, we examined BK channel function and protein expression, and BK channel-mediated vasodilation in freshly isolated coronary arterioles from T2D patients. Methods and results Atrial tissues were obtained from 16 patients with T2D and 25 matched non-diabetic subjects during cardiopulmonary bypass procedure. Microvessel videomicroscopy and immunoblot analysis were performed in freshly dissected coronary arterioles and inside-out single BK channel currents was recorded in enzymatically isolated coronary arteriolar SMCs. We found that BK channel sensitivity to physiological Ca2+ concentration and voltage was downregulated in the coronary arteriolar SMCs of diabetic patients, compared with non-diabetic controls. BK channel kinetics analysis revealed that there was significant shortening of the mean open time and prolongation of the mean closed time in diabetic patients, resulting in a remarkable reduction of the channel open probability. Functional studies showed that BK channel activation by dehydrosoyasaponin-1 was diminished and that BK channel-mediated vasodilation in response to shear stress was impaired in diabetic coronary arterioles. Immunoblot experiments confirmed that the protein expressions of BK-α and BK-β1 subunits were significantly downregulated, but the ratio of BK-α/BK-β1 was unchanged in the coronary arterioles of T2D patients. Conclusions Our results demonstrated for the first time that BK channel function and BK channel-mediated vasodilation were abnormal in the coronary microvasculature of diabetic patients, due to decreased protein expression and altered intrinsic properties of BK channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Qiang Chai
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 89 Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, PR China
| | - Guoqing Jiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jonathan D Furuseth
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - John M Stulak
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Richard C Daly
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Kevin L Greason
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yong-Mei Cha
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW., Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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19
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Wang XL, Lu T, Sun X, Lee HC. Membrane trafficking of large conductance Ca 2+- and voltage-activated K + (BK) channels is regulated by Rab4 GTPase. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2020; 1867:118646. [PMID: 31926210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The large conductance voltage- and Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel is a major ionic determinant of vascular tone, vasodilation, and blood pressure. The activity of BK channels is regulated in part by membrane presentation. Rab GTPase (Rab) regulates important cellular processes, including ion channel membrane trafficking. We hypothesize that Rab4a participates in the regulation of BK channel α-subunit (BK-α) membrane trafficking. We found that vascular BK-α interacts physically with Rab4a. Co-expression of dominant-negative Rab4a reduced BK-α surface expression, whereas that of constitutively-active Rab4a augmented BK-α surface presentation. These novel findings suggest that vascular BK channel membrane expression is regulated by Rab4a through channel membrane trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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20
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Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known for their role in mediating both physiological and pathophysiological signal transduction. Enzymes and subcellular compartments that typically produce ROS are associated with metabolic regulation, and diseases associated with metabolic dysfunction may be influenced by changes in redox balance. In this review, we summarize the current literature surrounding ROS and their role in metabolic and inflammatory regulation, focusing on ROS signal transduction and its relationship to disease progression. In particular, we examine ROS production in compartments such as the cytoplasm, mitochondria, peroxisome, and endoplasmic reticulum and discuss how ROS influence metabolic processes such as proteasome function, autophagy, and general inflammatory signaling. We also summarize and highlight the role of ROS in the regulation metabolic/inflammatory diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. In order to develop therapies that target oxidative signaling, it is vital to understand the balance ROS signaling plays in both physiology and pathophysiology, and how manipulation of this balance and the identity of the ROS may influence cellular and tissue homeostasis. An increased understanding of specific sources of ROS production and an appreciation for how ROS influence cellular metabolism may help guide us in the effort to treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Forrester
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Daniel S Kikuchi
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Marina S Hernandes
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Qian Xu
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA
| | - Kathy K Griendling
- From the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta GA.
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21
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He T, Sun R, Santhanam AV, d'Uscio LV, Lu T, Katusic ZS. Impairment of amyloid precursor protein alpha-processing in cerebral microvessels of type 1 diabetic mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:1085-1098. [PMID: 29251519 PMCID: PMC6547183 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x17746981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying dysfunction of cerebral microvasculature induced by type 1 diabetes (T1D) are not fully understood. We hypothesized that in cerebral microvascular endothelium, α-processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is impaired by T1D. In cerebral microvessels derived from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1D mice protein levels of APP and its α-processing enzyme, a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) were significantly decreased, along with down-regulation of adenylate cyclase 3 (AC3) and enhanced production of thromboxane A2 (TXA2). In vitro studies in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) revealed that knockdown of AC3 significantly suppressed ADAM10 protein levels, and that activation of TXA2 receptor decreased APP expression. Furthermore, levels of soluble APPα (sAPPα, a product of α-processing of APP) were significantly reduced in hippocampus of T1D mice. In contrast, amyloidogenic processing of APP was not affected by T1D in both cerebral microvessels and hippocampus. Most notably, studies in endothelial specific APP knockout mice established that genetic inactivation of APP in endothelium was sufficient to significantly reduce sAPPα levels in the hippocampus. In aggregate, our findings suggest that T1D impairs non-amyloidogenic processing of APP in cerebral microvessels. This may exert detrimental effect on local concentration of neuroprotective molecule, sAPPα, in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongrong He
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Ruohan Sun
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.,2 Department of Neurology, First Hospital and Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Anantha Vr Santhanam
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Livius V d'Uscio
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Tong Lu
- 3 Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zvonimir S Katusic
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
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22
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Hu XQ, Song R, Zhang L. Effect of Oxidative Stress on the Estrogen-NOS-NO-K Ca Channel Pathway in Uteroplacental Dysfunction: Its Implication in Pregnancy Complications. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019; 2019:9194269. [PMID: 30881600 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9194269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, the adaptive changes in uterine circulation and the formation of the placenta are essential for the growth of the fetus and the well-being of the mother. The steroid hormone estrogen plays a pivotal role in this adaptive process. An insufficient blood supply to the placenta due to uteroplacental dysfunction has been associated with pregnancy complications including preeclampsia and intrauterine fetal growth restriction (IUGR). Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between free radical formation and antioxidant defense. Pregnancy itself presents a mild oxidative stress, which is exaggerated in pregnancy complications. Increasing evidence indicates that oxidative stress plays an important role in the maladaptation of uteroplacental circulation partly by impairing estrogen signaling pathways. This review is aimed at providing both an overview of our current understanding of regulation of the estrogen-NOS-NO-KCa pathway by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in uteroplacental tissues and a link between oxidative stress and uteroplacental dysfunction in pregnancy complications. A better understanding of the mechanisms will facilitate the development of novel and effective therapeutic interventions.
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Ling TY, Yi F, Lu T, Wang XL, Sun X, Willis MS, Wu LQ, Shen WK, Adelman JP, Lee HC. F-box protein-32 down-regulates small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel 2 in diabetic mouse atria. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4160-4168. [PMID: 30635400 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation, but the underlying ionic mechanism for this association remains unclear. We recently reported that expression of the small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel 2 (SK2, encoded by KCCN2) in atria from diabetic mice is significantly down-regulated, resulting in reduced SK currents in atrial myocytes from these mice. We also reported that the level of SK2 mRNA expression is not reduced in DM atria but that the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), a major mechanism of intracellular protein degradation, is activated in vascular smooth muscle cells in DM. This suggests a possible role of the UPS in reduced SK currents. To test this possibility, we examined the role of the UPS in atrial SK2 down-regulation in DM. We found that a muscle-specific E3 ligase, F-box protein 32 (FBXO-32, also called atrogin-1), was significantly up-regulated in diabetic mouse atria. Enhanced FBXO-32 expression in atrial cells significantly reduced SK2 protein expression, and siRNA-mediated FBXO-32 knockdown increased SK2 protein expression. Furthermore, co-transfection of SK2 with FBXO-32 complementary DNA in HEK293 cells significantly reduced SK2 expression, whereas co-transfection with atrogin-1ΔF complementary DNA (a nonfunctional FBXO-32 variant in which the F-box domain is deleted) did not have any effects on SK2. These results indicate that FBXO-32 contributes to SK2 down-regulation and that the F-box domain is essential for FBXO-32 function. In conclusion, DM-induced SK2 channel down-regulation appears to be due to an FBXO-32-dependent increase in UPS-mediated SK2 protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-You Ling
- From the Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Fu Yi
- the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, .,the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Tong Lu
- the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Monte S Willis
- the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202
| | - Li-Qun Wu
- From the Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Win-Kuang Shen
- the Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona 85259, and
| | - John P Adelman
- the Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905,
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Tarafdar A, Pula G. The Role of NADPH Oxidases and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3824. [PMID: 30513656 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For a number of years, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOX) was synonymous with NOX2/gp91phox and was considered to be a peculiarity of professional phagocytic cells. Over the last decade, several more homologs have been identified and based on current research, the NOX family consists of NOX1, NOX2, NOX3, NOX4, NOX5, DUOX1 and DUOX2 enzymes. NOXs are electron transporting membrane proteins that are responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation-primarily superoxide anion (O₂●-), although hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) can also be generated. Elevated ROS leads to oxidative stress (OS), which has been associated with a myriad of inflammatory and degenerative pathologies. Interestingly, OS is also the commonality in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS). NOX enzymes are expressed in neurons, glial cells and cerebrovascular endothelial cells. NOX-mediated OS is identified as one of the main causes of cerebrovascular damage in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we will discuss recent developments in our understanding of the mechanisms linking NOX activity, OS and neurodegenerative diseases, with particular focus on the neurovascular component of these conditions. We conclude highlighting current challenges and future opportunities to combat age-related neurodegenerative disorders by targeting NOXs.
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Chen G, Chen X, Niu C, Huang X, An N, Sun J, Huang S, Ye W, Li S, Shen Y, Liang J, Cong W, Jin L. Baicalin alleviates hyperglycemia-induced endothelial impairment 1 via Nrf2. J Endocrinol 2018; 240:JOE-18-0457.R1. [PMID: 30400057 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Baicalin is the major component found in Scutellaria baicalensis root, a widely used herb in traditional Chinese medicine, which exhibits strong anti-inflammatory, anti-viral and anti-tumor activities. The present work was devoted to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of Baicalin against diabetes-induced oxidative damage, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Diabetic mice, induced by streptozotocin (STZ), were treated with intraperitoneal Baicalin injections. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured either in normal glucose (NG, 5.5 mM) or high glucose (HG, 33 mM) medium in the presence or absence of Baicalin for 72 h. We observed an obvious inhibition of hyperglycemia-triggered oxidative damage and inflammation in HUVECs and diabetic aortal vasculature by Baicalin, along with restoration of hyperglycemia-impaired nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) pathway activity. However, the protective effects of Baicalin almost completely abolished in HUVECs transduced with shRNA against Nrf2, but not with nonsense shRNA. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that HG decreased Akt and GSK3B phosphorylation, restrained nuclear export of Fyn and nuclear localization of Nrf2, blunted Nrf2 downstream target genes, and subsequently induced oxidative stress in HUVECs. However, those destructive cascade, were well prevented by Baicalin in HUVECs. Furthermore, LY294002 and ML385 (inhibitor of PI3K and Nrf2) attenuated Baicalin mediated Nrf2 activation and the ability of facilitates angiogenesis in vivo and ex vivo. Taken together, the endothelial protective effect of Baicalin under hyperglycemia condition could be partly attributed to its role in downregulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation via the Akt/GSK3B/Fyn-mediated Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Chen
- G Chen, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangjuan Chen
- X Chen, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chao Niu
- C Niu, Department of pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaozhong Huang
- X Huang, Department of pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ning An
- N An, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia Sun
- J Sun, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- S Huang, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weijian Ye
- W Ye, Department of pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Santie Li
- S Li, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yingjie Shen
- Y Shen, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Liang
- J Liang, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Weitao Cong
- W Cong, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
| | - Litai Jin
- L Jin, School of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, P.R. China, Wenzhou, China
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Liu Z, Khalil RA. Evolving mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle contraction highlight key targets in vascular disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 153:91-122. [PMID: 29452094 PMCID: PMC5959760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) plays an important role in the regulation of vascular function. Identifying the mechanisms of VSM contraction has been a major research goal in order to determine the causes of vascular dysfunction and exaggerated vasoconstriction in vascular disease. Major discoveries over several decades have helped to better understand the mechanisms of VSM contraction. Ca2+ has been established as a major regulator of VSM contraction, and its sources, cytosolic levels, homeostatic mechanisms and subcellular distribution have been defined. Biochemical studies have also suggested that stimulation of Gq protein-coupled membrane receptors activates phospholipase C and promotes the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids into inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). IP3 stimulates initial Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and is buttressed by Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent, receptor-operated, transient receptor potential and store-operated channels. In order to prevent large increases in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c), Ca2+ removal mechanisms promote Ca2+ extrusion via the plasmalemmal Ca2+ pump and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, and Ca2+ uptake by the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and the coordinated activities of these Ca2+ handling mechanisms help to create subplasmalemmal Ca2+ domains. Threshold increases in [Ca2+]c form a Ca2+-calmodulin complex, which activates myosin light chain (MLC) kinase, and causes MLC phosphorylation, actin-myosin interaction, and VSM contraction. Dissociations in the relationships between [Ca2+]c, MLC phosphorylation, and force have suggested additional Ca2+ sensitization mechanisms. DAG activates protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms, which directly or indirectly via mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylate the actin-binding proteins calponin and caldesmon and thereby enhance the myofilaments force sensitivity to Ca2+. PKC-mediated phosphorylation of PKC-potentiated phosphatase inhibitor protein-17 (CPI-17), and RhoA-mediated activation of Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibit MLC phosphatase and in turn increase MLC phosphorylation and VSM contraction. Abnormalities in the Ca2+ handling mechanisms and PKC and ROCK activity have been associated with vascular dysfunction in multiple vascular disorders. Modulators of [Ca2+]c, PKC and ROCK activity could be useful in mitigating the increased vasoconstriction associated with vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Liu
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Raouf A Khalil
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratories, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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27
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Qian LL, Sun MQ, Wang RX, Lu T, Wu Y, Dang SP, Tang X, Ji Y, Liu XY, Zhao XX, Wang W, Chai Q, Pan M, Yi F, Zhang DM, Lee HC. Mechanisms of BK Channel Activation by Docosahexaenoic Acid in Rat Coronary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:223. [PMID: 29636681 PMCID: PMC5881017 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is known to activate the vascular large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels and has protective effects on the cardiovascular system. However, the underlying mechanisms through which DHA activates BK channels remain unclear. In this study, we determined such mechanisms by examining the effects of different concentrations of DHA on BK channels in freshly isolated rat coronary arterial smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) using patch clamp techniques. Methods and Results: We found that BK channels are the major potassium currents activated by DHA in rat CASMCs and the effects of DHA on BK channels are concentration dependent with a bimodal distribution. At concentrations of <1 μM, DHA activated whole-cell BK currents with an EC50 of 0.24 ± 0.05 μM and the activation effects were abolished by pre-incubation with SKF525A (10 μM), a cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenase inhibitor, suggesting the role of DHA-epoxide. High concentrations of DHA (1-10 μM) activated whole-cell BK currents with an EC50 of 2.38 ± 0.22 μM and the activation effects were unaltered by pre-incubation with SKF525A. Single channel studies showed that the open probabilities of BK channels were unchanged in the presence of low concentrations of DHA, while significantly increased with high concentrations of DHA. In addition, DHA induced a dose-dependent increase in cytosolic calcium concentrations with an EC50 of 0.037 ± 0.01 μM via phospholipase C (PLC)-inositol triphosphate (IP3)-Ca2+ signal pathway, and inhibition of this pathway reduced DHA-induced BK activation. Conclusion: These results suggest that DHA can activate BK channels by multiple mechanisms. Low concentration DHA-induced BK channel activation is mediated through CYP epoxygenase metabolites, while high concentration DHA can directly activate BK channels. In addition, DHA at low and high concentrations can both activate BK channels by elevated cytosolic calcium through the PLC-IP3-Ca2+ signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Man-Qing Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Ru-Xing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Shi-Peng Dang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Xu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiang Chai
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Min Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Fu Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Hon-Chi Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Lu T, Sun X, Li Y, Chai Q, Wang XL, Lee HC. Role of Nrf2 Signaling in the Regulation of Vascular BK Channel β1 Subunit Expression and BK Channel Function in High-Fat Diet-Induced Diabetic Mice. Diabetes 2017; 66:2681-2690. [PMID: 28465407 PMCID: PMC5606315 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel β1-subunit (BK-β1) is a key modulator of BK channel electrophysiology and the downregulation of BK-β1 protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) underlies diabetic vascular dysfunction. In this study, we hypothesized that the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway plays a significant role in the regulation of coronary BK channel function and vasodilation in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese/diabetic mice. We found that the protein expressions of BK-β1 and Nrf2 were markedly downregulated, whereas those of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and the muscle ring finger protein 1 (MuRF1 [a ubiquitin E3 ligase for BK-β1]) were significantly upregulated in HFD mouse arteries. Adenoviral expression of Nrf2 suppressed the protein expressions of NF-κB and MuRF1 but enhanced BK-β1 mRNA and protein expressions in cultured coronary SMCs. Knockdown of Nrf2 resulted in reciprocal changes of these proteins. Patch-clamp studies showed that coronary BK-β1-mediated channel activation was diminished in HFD mice. Importantly, the activation of Nrf2 by dimethyl fumarate significantly reduced the body weight and blood glucose levels of HFD mice, enhanced BK-β1 transcription, and attenuated MuRF1-dependent BK-β1 protein degradation, which in turn restored coronary BK channel function and BK channel-mediated coronary vasodilation in HFD mice. Hence, Nrf2 is a novel regulator of BK channel function with therapeutic implications in diabetic vasculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Chai
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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29
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Lu T, Wang XL, Chai Q, Sun X, Sieck GC, Katusic ZS, Lee HC. Role of the endothelial caveolae microdomain in shear stress-mediated coronary vasorelaxation. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:19013-19023. [PMID: 28924052 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.786152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we determined the role of caveolae and the ionic mechanisms that mediate shear stress-mediated vasodilation (SSD). We found that both TRPV4 and SK channels are targeted to caveolae in freshly isolated bovine coronary endothelial cells (BCECs) and that TRPV4 and KCa2.3 (SK3) channels are co-immunoprecipitated by anti-caveolin-1 antibodies. Acute exposure of BCECs seeded in a capillary tube to 10 dynes/cm2 of shear stress (SS) resulted in activation of TRPV4 and SK currents. However, after incubation with HC067047 (TRPV4 inhibitor), SK currents could no longer be activated by SS, suggesting SK channel activation by SS was mediated through TRPV4. SK currents in BCECs were also activated by isoproterenol or by GSK1016790A (TRPV4 activator). In addition, preincubation of isolated coronary arterioles with apamin (SK inhibitor) resulted in a significant diminution of SSD whereas preincubation with HC067047 produced vasoconstriction by SS. Exposure of BCECs to SS (15 dynes/cm2 16 h) enhanced the production of nitric oxide and prostacyclin (PGI2) and facilitated the translocation of TRPV4 to the caveolae. Inhibition of TRPV4 abolished the SS-mediated intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+] i ) increase in BCECs. These results indicate a dynamic interaction in the vascular endothelium among caveolae TRPV4 and SK3 channels. This caveolae-TRPV4-SK3 channel complex underlies the molecular and ionic mechanisms that modulate SSD in the coronary circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine
| | | | - Qiang Chai
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine.,the Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan 250062, China
| | | | - Garry C Sieck
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Zvonimir S Katusic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905 and
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine,
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30
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Li Y, Wang XL, Sun X, Chai Q, Li J, Thompson B, Shen WK, Lu T, Lee HC. Regulation of vascular large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels by Nrf2 signalling. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2017; 14:353-362. [PMID: 28429615 DOI: 10.1177/1479164117703903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BK channels are major ionic determinants of vasodilation. BK channel function is impaired in diabetic vessels due to accelerated proteolysis of its beta-1 (BK-β1) subunits in response to increased oxidative stress. The nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) signalling pathway has emerged as a master regulator of cellular redox status, and we hypothesized that it plays a central role in regulating BK channel function in diabetic vessels. We found that Nrf2 expression was markedly reduced in db/db diabetic mouse aortas, and this was associated with significant downregulation of BK-β1. In addition, the muscle ring finger protein 1 (MuRF1), a known E-3 ligase targeting BK-β1 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, was significantly augmented. These findings were reproduced by knockdown of Nrf2 by siRNA in cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells. In contrast, adenoviral transfer of Nrf2 gene in these cells downregulated MuRF1 and upregulated BK-β1 expression. Activation of Nrf2 by dimethyl fumarate preserved BK-β1 expression and protected BK channel and vascular function in db/db coronary arteries. These results indicate that expression of BK-β1 is closely regulated by Nrf2 and vascular BK channel function can be restored by Nrf2 activation. Nrf2 should be considered a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of diabetic vasculopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, China
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Xiaojing Sun
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Qiang Chai
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- 3 Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Jingchao Li
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- 4 Department of Emergency Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Benjamin Thompson
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Win-Kuang Shen
- 5 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Tong Lu
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- 2 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Niranjan R, Thakur AK. The Toxicological Mechanisms of Environmental Soot (Black Carbon) and Carbon Black: Focus on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Pathways. Front Immunol 2017; 8:763. [PMID: 28713383 PMCID: PMC5492873 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The environmental soot and carbon blacks (CBs) cause many diseases in humans, but their underlying mechanisms of toxicity are still poorly understood. Both are formed after the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons but differ in their constituents and percent carbon contents. For the first time, “Sir Percival Pott” described soot as a carcinogen, which was subsequently confirmed by many others. The existing data suggest three main types of diseases due to soot and CB exposures: cancer, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular dysfunctions. Experimental models revealed the involvement of oxidative stress, DNA methylation, formation of DNA adducts, and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation as the key mechanisms of soot- and CB-induced cancers. Metals including Si, Fe, Mn, Ti, and Co in soot also contribute in the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated DNA damage. Mechanistically, ROS-induced DNA damage is further enhanced by eosinophils and neutrophils via halide (Cl− and Br−) dependent DNA adducts formation. The activation of pulmonary dendritic cells, T helper type 2 cells, and mast cells is crucial mediators in the pathology of soot- or CB-induced respiratory disease. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were also found to modulate T cells functions in respiratory diseases. Particularly, telomerase reverse transcriptase was found to play the critical role in soot- and CB-induced cardiovascular dysfunctions. In this review, we propose integrated mechanisms of soot- and CB-induced toxicity emphasizing the role of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress. We also suggest use of antioxidants and PUFAs as protective strategies against soot- and CB-induced disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rituraj Niranjan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Thakur
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
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Sun WT, Wang XC, Mak SK, He GW, Liu XC, Underwood MJ, Yang Q. Activation of PERK branch of ER stress mediates homocysteine-induced BK Ca channel dysfunction in coronary artery via FoxO3a-dependent regulation of atrogin-1. Oncotarget 2017; 8:51462-51477. [PMID: 28881660 PMCID: PMC5584261 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in vascular pathophysiology remains inadequately understood. We studied the role of ER stress in homocysteine-induced impairment of coronary dilator function, with uncovering the molecular basis of the effect of ER stress on smooth muscle large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels. The vasodilatory function of BKCa channels was studied in a myograph using endothelium-denuded porcine small coronary arteries. Primary cultured porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cells were used for mRNA and protein measurements and current recording of BKCa channels. Homocysteine inhibited vasorelaxant response to the BKCachannel opener NS1619, lowered BKCa β1 subunit protein level and suppressed BKCa current. Inhibition of ER stress restored BKCa β1 protein level and NS1619-evoked vasorelaxation. Selective blockade of the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) yielded similarly efficient restoration of BKCa β1, preserving BKCa current and BKCa-mediated vasorelaxation. The restoration of BKCa β1 by PERK inhibition was associated with reduced atrogin-1 expression and decreased nuclear localization of forkhead box O transcription factor 3a (FoxO3a). Silencing of atrogin-1 prevented homocysteine-induced BKCa β1 loss and silencing of FoxO3a prevented atrogin-1 upregulation induced by homocysteine, accompanied by preservation of BKCa β1 protein level and BKCa current. ER stress mediates homocysteine-induced BKCa channel inhibition in coronary arteries. Activation of FoxO3a by PERK branch underlies the ER stress-mediated BKCa inhibition through a mechanism involving ubiquitin ligase-enhanced degradation of the channel β1 subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Tao Sun
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiang-Chong Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shiu-Kwong Mak
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guo-Wei He
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Cheng Liu
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Malcolm John Underwood
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Vascular Medicine, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Institute of Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
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Feng X, Zhou X, Zhang W, Li X, He A, Liu B, Shi R, Wu L, Wu J, Zhu D, Li N, Sun M, Xu Z. Maternal high-sucrose diets altered vascular large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels via reactive oxygen species in offspring rats†. Biol Reprod 2017; 96:1085-1095. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/iox031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Ling TY, Wang XL, Chai Q, Lu T, Stulak JM, Joyce LD, Daly RC, Greason KL, Wu LQ, Shen WK, Cha YM, Lee HC. Regulation of cardiac CACNB2 by microRNA-499: Potential role in atrial fibrillation. BBA Clin 2017; 7:78-84. [PMID: 28239561 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The L-type calcium channel (LTCC) is one of the major ion channels that are known to be associated with the electrical remodeling of atrial fibrillation (AF). In AF, there is significant downregulation of the LTCC, but the underlying mechanism for such downregulation is not clear. We have previously reported that microRNA-499 (miR-499) is significantly upregulated in patients with permanent AF and that KCNN3, the gene that encodes the small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channel 3 (SK3), is a target of miR-499. We found that CACNB2, an important subunit of the LTCC, is also a target of miR-499. We hypothesize that miR-499 plays an important role in AF electrical remodeling by regulating the expression of CACNB2 and the LTCC. In atrial tissue from patients with permanent AF, CACNB2 was significantly downregulated by 67% (n = 4, p < 0.05) compared to those from patients with no history of AF. Transfection of miR-499 mimic into HL-1 cells, a mouse hyperplastic atrial cardiac myocyte cell-line, resulted in the downregulation of CACNB2 protein expression, while that of miR-499 inhibitor upregulated CACNB2 protein expression. Binding of miR-499 to the 3′ untranslated region of CACNB2 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay and by the increased presence of CACNB2 mRNA in Argonaute pulled-down microRNA-induced silencing complexes after transfection with the miR-499 mimic. In addition, downregulation of CACNB2 resulted in the downregulation of protein levels of the pore-forming α-subunit (CACNA1C). In conclusion, upregulation of atrial miR-499 induces the downregulation of CACNB2 expression and may contribute to the electrical remodeling in AF. LTCC is downregulated with electrical remodeling of atrial fibrillation. MiR-499 is increased and CACNB2 is reduced in atria from patients with atrial fibrillation. MiR-499 binds to the 3′UTR of CACNB2 and inhibits its protein expression. Downregulation of CACNB2 results in the downregulation of LTCC pore-forming subunit. MiR-499 contributes to the electrical remodeling of AF through regulation of CACNB2.
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Key Words
- AF, atrial fibrillation
- Ago, Argonaute
- CACNA1C, voltage-dependent calcium channel α-1C subunit
- CACNB2, voltage-dependent calcium channel β-2 subunit
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- LTCC, L-type calcium channel
- SR, sinus rhythm
- UTR, untranslated region
- miR-499, microRNA-499
- miRISC, microRNA-inducing silencing complex
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Lu T, Jiang B, Wang XL, Lee HC. Coronary arterial BK channel dysfunction exacerbates ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial injury in diabetic mice. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:992-1001. [PMID: 27574914 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK) channels, abundantly expressed in coronary artery smooth muscle cells (SMCs), play a pivotal role in regulating coronary circulation. A large body of evidence indicates that coronary arterial BK channel function is diminished in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. However, the consequence of coronary BK channel dysfunction in diabetes is not clear. We hypothesized that impaired coronary BK channel function exacerbates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Combining patch-clamp techniques and cellular biological approaches, we found that diabetes facilitated the colocalization of angiotensin II (Ang II) type 1 receptors and BK channel α-subunits (BK-α), but not BK channel β1-subunits (BK-β1), in the caveolae of coronary SMCs. This caveolar compartmentation in vascular SMCs not only enhanced Ang II-mediated inhibition of BK-α but also produced a physical disassociation between BK-α and BK-β1, leading to increased infarct size in diabetic hearts. Most importantly, genetic ablation of caveolae integrity or pharmacological activation of coronary BK channels protected the cardiac function of diabetic mice from experimental I/R injury in both in vivo and ex vivo preparations. Our results demonstrate a vascular ionic mechanism underlying the poor outcome of myocardial injury in diabetes. Hence, activation of coronary BK channels may serve as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular complications of diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Angiotensin II/metabolism
- Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/pharmacology
- Animals
- Benzimidazoles/pharmacology
- Caveolae/drug effects
- Caveolae/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Coronary Vessels/pathology
- Coronary Vessels/physiopathology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/drug therapy
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/metabolism
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/pathology
- Diabetic Cardiomyopathies/physiopathology
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Kv1.3 Potassium Channel
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits/agonists
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits/antagonists & inhibitors
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits/genetics
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits/metabolism
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel beta Subunits/agonists
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel beta Subunits/antagonists & inhibitors
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel beta Subunits/genetics
- Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel beta Subunits/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Mutation
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/drug therapy
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/metabolism
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology
- Protein Transport/drug effects
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/agonists
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1/metabolism
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Lu
- b Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Bin Jiang
- a Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 108 Shixin Street, Soochow, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
- b Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiao-Li Wang
- b Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- b Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Ringvold HC, Khalil RA. Protein Kinase C as Regulator of Vascular Smooth Muscle Function and Potential Target in Vascular Disorders. Adv Pharmacol 2017; 78:203-301. [PMID: 28212798 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) plays an important role in maintaining vascular tone. In addition to Ca2+-dependent myosin light chain (MLC) phosphorylation, protein kinase C (PKC) is a major regulator of VSM function. PKC is a family of conventional Ca2+-dependent α, β, and γ, novel Ca2+-independent δ, ɛ, θ, and η, and atypical ξ, and ι/λ isoforms. Inactive PKC is mainly cytosolic, and upon activation it undergoes phosphorylation, maturation, and translocation to the surface membrane, the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and other cell organelles; a process facilitated by scaffold proteins such as RACKs. Activated PKC phosphorylates different substrates including ion channels, pumps, and nuclear proteins. PKC also phosphorylates CPI-17 leading to inhibition of MLC phosphatase, increased MLC phosphorylation, and enhanced VSM contraction. PKC could also initiate a cascade of protein kinases leading to phosphorylation of the actin-binding proteins calponin and caldesmon, increased actin-myosin interaction, and VSM contraction. Increased PKC activity has been associated with vascular disorders including ischemia-reperfusion injury, coronary artery disease, hypertension, and diabetic vasculopathy. PKC inhibitors could test the role of PKC in different systems and could reduce PKC hyperactivity in vascular disorders. First-generation PKC inhibitors such as staurosporine and chelerythrine are not very specific. Isoform-specific PKC inhibitors such as ruboxistaurin have been tested in clinical trials. Target delivery of PKC pseudosubstrate inhibitory peptides and PKC siRNA may be useful in localized vascular disease. Further studies of PKC and its role in VSM should help design isoform-specific PKC modulators that are experimentally potent and clinically safe to target PKC in vascular disease.
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Abstract
Autoregulation of blood flow is essential for the preservation of organ function to ensure continuous supply of oxygen and essential nutrients and removal of metabolic waste. This is achieved by controlling the diameter of muscular arteries and arterioles that exhibit a myogenic response to changes in arterial blood pressure, nerve activity and tissue metabolism. Large-conductance voltage and Ca(2+)-dependent K(+) channels (BK channels), expressed exclusively in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the vascular wall of healthy arteries, play a critical role in regulating the myogenic response. Activation of BK channels by intracellular, local, and transient ryanodine receptor-mediated "Ca(2+) sparks," provides a hyperpolarizing influence on the SMC membrane potential thereby decreasing the activity of voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels and limiting Ca(2+) influx to promote SMC relaxation and vasodilation. The BK channel α subunit, a large tetrameric protein with each monomer consisting of seven-transmembrane domains, a long intracellular C-terminal tail and an extracellular N-terminus, associates with the β1 and γ subunits in vascular SMCs. The BK channel is regulated by factors originating within the SMC or from the endothelium, perivascular nerves and circulating blood, that significantly alter channel gating properties, Ca(2+) sensitivity and expression of the α and/or β1 subunit. The BK channel thus serves as a central receiving dock that relays the effects of the changes in several such concomitant autocrine and paracrine factors and influences cardiovascular health. This chapter describes the primary mechanism of regulation of myogenic response by BK channels and the alterations to this mechanism wrought by different vasoactive mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Koide
- University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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Xu H, Garver H, Fernandes R, Phelps JT, Harkema JJ, Galligan JJ, Fink GD. BK channel β1-subunit deficiency exacerbates vascular fibrosis and remodelling but does not promote hypertension in high-fat fed obesity in mice. J Hypertens 2015; 33:1611-23. [PMID: 26049174 DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reduced expression or increased degradation of BK (large conductance Ca-activated K) channel β1-subunits has been associated with increased vascular tone and hypertension in some metabolic diseases. The contribution of BK channel function to control of blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and vascular function/structure was determined in wild-type and BK channel β1-subunit knockout mice fed a high-fat or control diet. METHODS AND RESULTS After 24 weeks of high-fat diet, wild-type and BK β1-knockout mice were obese, diabetic, but normotensive. High-fat-BK β1-knockout mice had decreased HR, while high-fat-wild-type mice had increased HR compared with mice on the control diet. Ganglion blockade caused a greater fall in BP and HR in mice on a high-fat diet than in mice on the control diet. β1-adrenergic receptor blockade reduced BP and HR equally in all groups. α1-adrenergic receptor blockade decreased BP in high-fat-BK β1-knockout mice only. Echocardiographic evaluation revealed left ventricular hypertrophy in high-fat-BK β1-knockout mice. Although under anaesthesia, mice on a high-fat diet had higher absolute stroke volume and cardiac output, these measures were similar to control mice when adjusted for body weight. Mesenteric arteries from high-fat-BK β1-knockout mice had higher norepinephrine reactivity, greater wall thickness and collagen accumulation than high-fat-wild-type mesenteric arteries. Compared with control-wild-type mesenteric arteries, high-fat-wild-type mesenteric arteries had blunted contractile responses to a BK channel blocker, although BK α-subunit (protein) and β1-subunit (mRNA) expression were unchanged. CONCLUSION BK channel deficiency promotes increased sympathetic control of BP, and vascular dysfunction, remodelling and fibrosis, but does not cause hypertension in high-fat fed mice.
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Hu XQ, Huang X, Xiao D, Zhang L. Direct effect of chronic hypoxia in suppressing large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel activity in ovine uterine arteries via increasing oxidative stress. J Physiol 2015; 594:343-56. [PMID: 26613808 DOI: 10.1113/jp271626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Chronic hypoxia has a direct effect in down-regulating the BKCa channel β1 subunit and inhibiting the BKCa channel activity in uterine arteries of pregnant sheep. Oxidative stress plays a causal role in hypoxia-mediated suppression of BKCa channel function. The steroid hormone-induced effect on BKCa channels is a target of hypoxia-mediated oxidative stress. Inhibition of oxidative stress ameliorates the adverse effect of hypoxia both ex vivo and in vivo in pregnant sheep exposed to long-term high-altitude hypoxia. Our findings provide novel evidence of a causative role of oxidative stress in hypoxia-mediated inhibition of the BKCa channel activity in uterine arteries and new insights in understanding and alleviating pregnancy complications associated with gestational hypoxia such as pre-eclampsia and fetal growth restriction. ABSTRACT Uterine arteries of pregnant sheep acclimatized to long-term high-altitude hypoxia were associated with a decrease in large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BKCa) channel activity. The present study tested the hypothesis that prolonged hypoxia has a direct effect in suppressing BKCa channel activity by increasing oxidative stress. Uterine arteries were isolated from non-pregnant and near-term (∼142 days) pregnant sheep, and were treated ex vivo with 21.0 or 10.5% O2 for 48 h. The hypoxia treatment significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species in uterine arteries, which was blocked by N-acetylcysteine. In uterine arteries of pregnant sheep, hypoxia significantly inhibited BKCa channel current density, decreased NS1619-induced relaxations and increased pressure-dependent tone, which were annulled by N-acetylcysteine. In accordance, hypoxia resulted in down-regulation of BKCa channel β1 subunit, which was restored in the presence of N-acetylcysteine. In addition, the N-acetylcysteine treatment significantly increased BKCa channel β1 subunit abundance and BKCa channel current density in uterine arteries from pregnant sheep exposed to high-altitude hypoxia (3801 m, PaO2: 60 mmHg) for 110 days. In uterine arteries of non-pregnant animals, hypoxia inhibited steroid hormone-induced up-regulation of BKCa channel current density and NS1619-mediated relaxations, which were reversed by N-acetylcysteine. Furthermore, the synthetic superoxide dismutase and catalase mimetic EUK-134 also ablated the effects of hypoxia on BKCa channel currents in uterine arteries. The results demonstrate a direct effect of hypoxia in inhibiting the BKCa channel activity in uterine arteries via increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Qun Hu
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Daliao Xiao
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA
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Cushing L, Costinean S, Xu W, Jiang Z, Madden L, Kuang P, Huang J, Weisman A, Hata A, Croce CM, Lü J. Disruption of miR-29 Leads to Aberrant Differentiation of Smooth Muscle Cells Selectively Associated with Distal Lung Vasculature. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005238. [PMID: 26020233 PMCID: PMC4447351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Differentiation of lung vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) is tightly regulated during development or in response to challenges in a vessel specific manner. Aberrant vSMCs specifically associated with distal pulmonary arteries have been implicated in the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a progressive and fatal disease, with no effective treatment. Therefore, it is highly relevant to understand the underlying mechanisms of lung vSMC differentiation. miRNAs are known to play critical roles in vSMC maturation and function of systemic vessels; however, little is known regarding the role of miRNAs in lung vSMCs. Here, we report that miR-29 family members are the most abundant miRNAs in adult mouse lungs. Moreover, high levels of miR-29 expression are selectively associated with vSMCs of distal vessels in both mouse and human lungs. Furthermore, we have shown that disruption of miR-29 in vivo leads to immature/synthetic vSMC phenotype specifically associated with distal lung vasculature, at least partially due to the derepression of KLF4, components of the PDGF pathway and ECM-related genes associated with synthetic phenotype. Moreover, we found that expression of FBXO32 in vSMCs is significantly upregulated in the distal vasculature of miR-29 null lungs. This indicates a potential important role of miR-29 in smooth muscle cell function by regulating FBXO32 and SMC protein degradation. These results are strongly supported by findings of a cell autonomous role of endogenous miR-29 in promoting SMC differentiation in vitro. Together, our findings suggested a vessel specific role of miR-29 in vSMC differentiation and function by targeting several key negative regulators. The pathogenesis of some vascular diseases, such as PAH is selectively associated with aberrant differentiation and proliferation of vSMCs of distal arteries. While significant progresses have been made in understanding the core mechanism of differentiation and proliferation of vSMCs, little is known regarding vessel specific regulations. By investigating the expression and function of miR-29 in vivo, we found a vessel selective enriched expression and function of miR-29 during mouse lung development. Interestingly, disruption of miR-29 results in defects in vSMCs differentiation of distal vessels, reminiscent of vSMC phenotype observed in the early stage of PAH in which immature/synthetic vSMCs of distal arteries failed to differentiate and were unable to tune down the expression of collagens and other extracellular-related genes. This is the first evidence that miR-29 selectively regulates vSMCs differentiation and vessel wall formation. Future implications are to study the expression and function of miR-29 in human pulmonary vascular diseases, which might lead to establishing miR-29 as a therapeutic target for disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah Cushing
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Stefan Costinean
- Department of Pathology, Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Wei Xu
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Zhihua Jiang
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Lindsey Madden
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Pingping Kuang
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jingshu Huang
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alexandra Weisman
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Akiko Hata
- Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jining Lü
- Columbia Center for Human Development, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhou Z, Rajamani U, Labazi H, Tilley SL, Ledent C, Teng B, Mustafa SJ. Involvement of NADPH oxidase in A2A adenosine receptor-mediated increase in coronary flow in isolated mouse hearts. Purinergic Signal 2015; 11:263-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s11302-015-9451-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Martin DS, Wang X. The COP9 signalosome and vascular function: intriguing possibilities? Am J Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 5:33-52. [PMID: 26064791 PMCID: PMC4460692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of vascular function contribute importantly to cardiovascular disease which represents a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. An emerging paradigm in the study of cardiovascular diseases is that protein ubiquitination and turnover represent key pathological mechanisms. Our understanding of these processes in the vasculature is growing but remains incomplete. Since protein ubiquitination and turnover can represent a terminal event in the life of a given protein, entry into these pathways must be highly regulated. However, at present understanding of these regulatory mechanisms, particularly in the vasculature, is fragmentary. The COP9 (constitutive photomorphogenic mutant 9) signalosome (CSN) is a heteromeric protein complex implicated in the control of protein degradation. The CSN participates critically in the control of Cullin Ring Ligases (CRLs), at least in part via the detachment of a small protein, Nedd8 (deneddylation). CRLs are one of the largest groups of ubiquitin ligases, which represent the most selective control point for protein ubiquitination. Thus, the CSN by virtue of its ability to control the CRLs ubiquitin ligase activity is ideally positioned to effect selective modulation of protein turnover. This review surveys currently available data regarding the potential role of the CSN in control of vascular function. Data potentially linking the CSN to control of regulatory proteins involved in vascular smooth muscle proliferation and to vascular smooth muscle contraction are presented with the intent of providing potentially intriguing possibilities for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas S Martin
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine of the University of South Dakota Vermillion, SD 57069, USA
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43
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Chai Q, Lu T, Wang XL, Lee HC. Hydrogen sulfide impairs shear stress-induced vasodilation in mouse coronary arteries. Pflugers Arch 2015; 467:329-40. [PMID: 24793048 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide has emerged as an important endothelium-dependent vasodilator, but its role in shear stress-mediated dilation of coronary arteries is unclear. We examined the role of H2S on shear stress-mediated dilation of isolated mouse coronary arteries. In these vessels, Na2S produced concentration-dependent dilation, which was significantly inhibited by iberiotoxin and by 4-aminopyridine. In addition, BK and Kv currents in mouse coronary smooth muscle cells were directly activated by Na2S, suggesting that H2S produced vasodilation through BK and Kv channel activation. Using a pressure servo controller system, freshly isolated mouse coronary arteries were subjected to physiological levels of shear stress (1 to 25 dynes/cm(2)) and produced graded dilatory responses, but such effects were diminished in the presence of 100 μM Na2S. Pre-incubation with the cystathionine γ-lyase inhibitor, D,L-propargylglycine (PPG), resulted in a paradoxical augmentation of shear stress-mediated vasodilation. However, in the presence of L-NAME or in coronary arteries from eNOS knockout mice, PPG inhibited shear stress-mediated vasodilation, suggesting an interaction between NO and H2S signaling. Na2S inhibited eNOS activity in cultured mouse aortic endothelial cells and reduced the level of phospho-eNOS(serine 1177). These results suggest that both NO and H2S are important shear stress-mediated vasodilators in mouse coronary arteries but there is a complex interaction between these two signaling pathways that results in paradoxical vasoconstrictive effects of H2S through inhibition of NO generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chai
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA,
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Chen CY, Li ZL, Chung KT, Lu FJ, Chen CH. Liriodenine enhances the apoptosis effect of valproic acid in human colon cancer cells through oxidative stress upregulation and Akt inhibition. Process Biochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2014.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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45
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Bhattarai Y, Fernandes R, Kadrofske MM, Lockwood LR, Galligan JJ, Xu H. Western blot analysis of BK channel β1-subunit expression should be interpreted cautiously when using commercially available antibodies. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/10/e12189. [PMID: 25355855 PMCID: PMC4254108 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Large conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ (BK) channels consist of pore‐forming α‐ and accessory β‐subunits. There are four β‐subunit subtypes (β1–β4), BK β1‐subunit is specific for smooth muscle cells (SMC). Reduced BK β1‐subunit expression is associated with SMC dysfunction in animal models of human disease, because downregulation of BK β1‐subunit reduces channel activity and increases SMC contractility. Several anti‐BK β1‐subunit antibodies are commercially available; however, the specificity of most antibodies has not been tested or confirmed in the tissues from BK β1‐subunit knockout (KO) mice. In this study, we tested the specificity and sensitivity of six commercially available antibodies from five manufacturers. We performed western blot analysis on BK β1‐subunit enriched tissues (mesenteric arteries and colons) and non‐SM tissue (cortex of kidney) from wild‐type (WT) and BK β1‐KO mice. We found that antibodies either detected protein bands of the appropriate molecular weight in tissues from both WT and BK β1‐KO mice or failed to detect protein bands at the appropriate molecular weight in tissues from WT mice, suggesting that these antibodies may lack specificity for the BK β1‐subunit. The absence of BK β1‐subunit mRNA expression in arteries, colons, and kidneys from BK β1‐KO mice was confirmed by RT‐PCR analysis. We conclude that these commercially available antibodies might not be reliable tools for studying BK β1‐subunit expression in murine tissues under the denaturing conditions that we have used. Data obtained using commercially available antibodies should be interpreted cautiously. Our studies underscore the importance of proper negative controls in western blot analyses. Commercially available anti‐BK β1‐subunit antibodies either detected protein bands of the appropriate molecular weight in tissues from both WT and BK β1‐KO mice or failed to detect protein bands at the appropriate molecular weight in tissues from WT mice. These commercially available antibodies are not reliable tools for studying BK β1‐subunit expression in murine tissues. Data obtained using these antibodies should be interpreted cautiously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Bhattarai
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Roxanne Fernandes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Mark M Kadrofske
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Lizbeth R Lockwood
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - James J Galligan
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Hui Xu
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Fernández-Velasco M, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Gómez AM, Rueda A. Ca(2+) handling alterations and vascular dysfunction in diabetes. Cell Calcium 2014; 56:397-407. [PMID: 25218935 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
More than 65% of patients with diabetes mellitus die from cardiovascular disease or stroke. Hyperglycemia, due to either reduced insulin secretion or reduced insulin sensitivity, is the hallmark feature of diabetes mellitus. Vascular dysfunction is a distinctive phenotype found in both types of diabetes and could be responsible for the high incidence of stroke, heart attack, and organ damage in diabetic patients. In addition to well-documented endothelial dysfunction, Ca(2+) handling alterations in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a key role in the development and progression of vascular complications in diabetes. VSMCs provide not only structural integrity to the vessels but also control myogenic arterial tone and systemic blood pressure through global and local Ca(2+) signaling. The Ca(2+) signalosome of VSMCs is integrated by an extensive number of Ca(2+) handling proteins (i.e. channels, pumps, exchangers) and related signal transduction components, whose function is modulated by endothelial effectors. This review summarizes recent findings concerning alterations in endothelium and VSMC Ca(2+) signaling proteins that may contribute to the vascular dysfunction found in the diabetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Unidad de Hipertensión, Instituto de Investigación imas12, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain; Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Gómez
- Inserm, UMR S769, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris Sud, Labex LERMIT, DHU TORINO, Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Angélica Rueda
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México City, Mexico.
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Kizub IV, Klymenko KI, Soloviev AI. Protein kinase C in enhanced vascular tone in diabetes mellitus. Int J Cardiol 2014; 174:230-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.04.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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48
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Yi F, Wang H, Chai Q, Wang X, Shen WK, Willis MS, Lee HC, Lu T. Regulation of large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel β1 subunit expression by muscle RING finger protein 1 in diabetic vessels. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:10853-10864. [PMID: 24570002 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.520940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK) channel, expressed abundantly in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), is a key determinant of vascular tone. BK channel activity is tightly regulated by its accessory β1 subunit (BK-β1). However, BK channel function is impaired in diabetic vessels by increased ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent BK-β1 protein degradation. Muscle RING finger protein 1 (MuRF1), a muscle-specific ubiquitin ligase, is implicated in many cardiac and skeletal muscle diseases. However, the role of MuRF1 in the regulation of vascular BK channel and coronary function has not been examined. In this study, we hypothesized that MuRF1 participated in BK-β1 proteolysis, leading to the down-regulation of BK channel activation and impaired coronary function in diabetes. Combining patch clamp and molecular biological approaches, we found that MuRF1 expression was enhanced, accompanied by reduced BK-β1 expression, in high glucose-cultured human coronary SMCs and in diabetic vessels. Knockdown of MuRF1 by siRNA in cultured human SMCs attenuated BK-β1 ubiquitination and increased BK-β1 expression, whereas adenoviral expression of MuRF1 in mouse coronary arteries reduced BK-β1 expression and diminished BK channel-mediated vasodilation. Physical interaction between the N terminus of BK-β1 and the coiled-coil domain of MuRF1 was demonstrated by pulldown assay. Moreover, MuRF1 expression was regulated by NF-κB. Most importantly, pharmacological inhibition of proteasome and NF-κB activities preserved BK-β1 expression and BK-channel-mediated coronary vasodilation in diabetic mice. Hence, our results provide the first evidence that the up-regulation of NF-κB-dependent MuRF1 expression is a novel mechanism that leads to BK channelopathy and vasculopathy in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905; Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian 710032, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Qiang Chai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Win-Kuang Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona 85259
| | - Monte S Willis
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599
| | - Hon-Chi Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - Tong Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.D. Gutterman
- From the Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - M.J. Durand
- From the Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
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50
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Zhao Y, Yu Y, Tian X, Yang X, Li X, Jiang F, Chen Y, Shi M. Association study to evaluate FoxO1 and FoxO3 gene in CHD in Han Chinese. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86252. [PMID: 24489705 PMCID: PMC3904908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in China. Genetic factors that predispose individuals to CHD are unclear. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether the variation of FoxOs, a novel genetic factor associated with longevity, was associated with CHD in Han Chinese populations. Methods 1271 CHD patients and 1287 age-and sex-matched controls from Beijing and Harbin were included. We selected four tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of FoxO1 (rs2755209, rs2721072, rs4325427 and rs17592371) and two tagging SNPs of FoxO3 (rs768023 and rs1268165). And the genotypes of these SNPs were determined in both CHD patients and non-CHD controls. Results For population from Beijing, four SNPs of FoxO1 and two SNPs of FoxO3 were found not to be associated with CHD (p>0.05). And this was validated in the other population from Harbin (p>0.05). After combining the two geographically isolated case-control populations, the results showed that the six SNPs did not necessarily predispose to CHD in Han Chinese(p>0.05). In stratified analysis according to gender, the history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and the metabolic syndrome, we further explored that neither the variants of FoxO1 nor the variants of FoxO3 might be associated with CHD (p>0.05). Conclusion The variants of FoxO1 and FoxO3 may not increase the prevalence of CHD in Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Yanbo Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoli Tian
- Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Human Population Genetics, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqi Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (MS)
| | - Maowei Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Jinan Military General Hospital, Jinan, China
- * E-mail: (YC); (MS)
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