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Coêlho LVA, de Lima Bento EF, Costa WK, Assunção Ferreira MR, Soares LAL, da Silva MV, Paiva PMG, de Oliveira AM, Napoleão TH. Evaluation of cytotoxicity, acute toxicity, genotoxicity and antioxidant and antigenotoxicity activities of the sarcotesta fraction of punica granatum L. rich in lectin (PgTel). J Toxicol Environ Health A 2024; 87:592-603. [PMID: 38712866 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2351476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Punica granatum, popularly known as pomegranate, is a fruit tree with wide worldwide distribution, containing numerous phytochemicals of great medicinal value. The aim of the present study was to determine the phytochemical profile and antioxidant potential of a protein fraction (PF) derived from P. granatum sarcotesta which is rich in lectin. In addition, the acute oral toxicity, genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity of this protein fraction (PF) from P. granatum sarcotesta was measured. The phytochemical profile of PF was determined using HPLC. The in vitro antioxidant effect was assessed using the methods of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging. Acute oral toxicity was determined in female Swiss mice administered a single dose of 2000 mg/kg. This PF was examined for genotoxicity and antigenotoxicity at doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg, utilizing mouse peripheral blood cells. Phytochemical characterization detected a high content of ellagic acid and antioxidant capacity similar to that of ascorbic acid (positive control). PF was not toxic (LD50 >2000 mg/kg) and did not exert a genotoxic effect in mice. PF protected the DNA of peripheral blood cells against damage induced by cyclophosphamide. In conclusion, this PF fraction exhibited significant antioxidant activity without initiating toxic or genotoxic responses in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Viviany Araújo Coêlho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Wêndeo Kennedy Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Alberto Lira Soares
- Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Maria Guedes Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Alisson Macário de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Thiago Henrique Napoleão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Yu M, Gouvinhas I, Pires MJ, Neuparth MJ, Costa RMGD, Medeiros R, Bastos MMSM, Vala H, Félix L, Venâncio C, Barros AIRNA, Oliveira PA. Study on the antineoplastic and toxicological effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) leaf infusion using the K14-HPV16 transgenic mouse model. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 174:113689. [PMID: 36858299 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) has been used in functional foods due to its various health benefits. However, the in vivo biological potential of its leaf remains little known. This study has aimed to characterize the antineoplastic and toxicological properties of using pomegranate leaf infusion (PLI) on transgenic mice carrying human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 oncogenes. Thirty-eight mice were divided into 3 wild-type (WT) and 3 transgenic (HPV) groups, with exposure to 0.5% PLI, 1.0% PLI, and water. The animals' body weight, drink and food consumption were recorded. Internal organs, skin samples and intracardiac blood were collected to evaluate toxicological parameters, neoplastic lesions and oxidative stress. The results indicated that PLI was safe as no mortality, no behavioural disorders and no significant differences in the levels of microhematocrit, serum biochemical markers, internal organ histology, and oxidative stress was found among the WT groups. Histological analysis revealed that HPV animals that consumed PLI exhibited reduced hepatic, renal and cutaneous lesions compared with the HPV control group. Low-dose PLI consumption significantly diminished renal hydronephrosis lesions and relieved dysplasia and carcinoma lesions in the chest skin. Oxidative stress analysis showed that low-dose PLI consumption may have more benefits than high-dose PLI. These results suggest that oral administration of PLI has the potential to alleviate non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions against HPV16-induced organ and skin injuries, though this requires further scientific research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manyou Yu
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Irene Gouvinhas
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria J Pires
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), TOXRUN- Toxicology Research Unit University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Maria J Neuparth
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sports of the University of Porto (FADEUP), Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), TOXRUN- Toxicology Research Unit University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Rui M Gil da Costa
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Postgraduate Programme in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Morphology Department and University Hospital (HUUFMA), Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), São Luís, Brazil; Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISEI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/ Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (PortoCCC), Porto, Portugal; LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISEI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/ Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (PortoCCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida M S M Bastos
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Vala
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Agrarian School of Viseu, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Luis Félix
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Laboratory Animal Science, IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carlos Venâncio
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), TOXRUN- Toxicology Research Unit University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - Ana I R N A Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences / Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building, and Sustainability of Agri-Food Production (CITAB / Inov4Agro), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, UTAD, Vila Real, Portugal
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Gholizadeh M, Setayesh L, Yarizadeh H, Mirzababaei A, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. Relationship between the double burden of malnutrition and mental health in overweight and obese adult women. J Nutr Sci 2022; 11. [PMID: 35291277 PMCID: PMC8889085 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The co-existence of overweight or obesity with concurrent deficiency of one or more nutrients is referred to as double burden of malnutrition (DBM), and numerous mental health impairments have been associated with a variety of nutrient deficiencies. Although DBM is relevant for several health outcomes, the ubiquitous involvement of vitamin D across multiple systems and tissues suggests D insufficiency as a viable target for nutritional modification. The present study aimed to evaluate the contribution of DBM and mental health among adult women. Study participants included 300 women, aged 18–59 years, who presented to one of the 25 health centres in Tehran. Participants with a body mass index (BMI) of greater than 25 kg/m2 and a plasma concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] of >20 ng/ml were considered to have DBM. The 147-item food frequency questionnaire was used to estimate their dietary intake. Mental health status was assessed using the depression, anxiety and stress scales-21 (DASS-21). The mean ± standard deviation age, weight and BMI of the participants were 36⋅49 ± 8⋅38, 80⋅89 ± 12⋅45 kg and 31⋅04 ± 4⋅31 kg/m2, respectively. DBM was significantly associated with stress, after adjusting for potential confounders, including age, energy and marital status in model 1 (OR = 1⋅28, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1⋅00, 1⋅65, P < 0⋅04) v. the crude model (OR = 1⋅22; 95 % CI 0⋅96, 1⋅55, P = 0⋅09). No significant association was seen among DBM and DASS-21 outcomes. In this cross-sectional study, stress and DBM were significantly associated. While vitamin D insufficiency was associated with mental health and obesity in opposing directions. Elucidation of whether vitamin D supplementation can improve mental health impairments requires further evaluation.
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Fahmy HA, Farag MA. Ongoing and potential novel trends of pomegranate fruit peel; a comprehensive review of its health benefits and future perspectives as nutraceutical. J Food Biochem 2021; 46:e14024. [PMID: 34923641 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pomegranate is an ancient shrub, globally distributed nowadays. It has been used in the middle east as a medicinal food and traditional medicine for thousands of years. Pomegranate peel (PP) constitutes about 50% of the total fruit, however, it has been previously regarded as a waste. Recent research points to PP as a rich source of phenolics (e.g., ellagitannins, flavonoids, and anthocyanins), polysaccharides, in addition to its biotransformed metabolites viz. urolithins making it a valuable waste with promising pharmacological actions. Compared to the pulp and the juice, PP exhibited stronger antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Besides, it inhibited inflammation in several conditions, including colitis, arthritis, hepatitis, contact dermatitis, and lung inflammation. Moreover, it displayed anti-osteoporosis, anti-hyperglycemic, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, vasculoprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory effects. Additionally, it was effective as a prebiotic and in obesity control, besides it promoted wound healing. Furthermore, PP demonstrated anticancer effects against different cancer types, for example, colon, liver, thyroid, uterine, breast, bladder, prostate, leukemia, and osteosarcoma. Despite PP safety, it may interfere with the metabolism of other drugs because it inhibits cytochromes (CYP) changing their bioavailability, effectiveness, and toxicity. PP biowaste valorization not only avoids against its environmental and economic burden but can also provide a promising platform to produce novel or improved nutraceuticals. This study provides a comprehensive overview of PP biological activities with the reported action mechanisms related to its phytochemicals and further biotransformed metabolites inside the body. Future research prospects to unravel the merits of such waste and optimize its use are discussed. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Pomegranate is widely distributed throughout the world. Although its peel was previously considered a waste, recent research regards it as a rich source of bioactive compounds with promising biological activities. Its recycling not only overcomes the bio-waste problems, but also provides a source of valuable compounds with several health benefits. In recent years, PP has been demonstrated to exhibit excellent pharmacological bioactivities, for example, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiosteoporosis, antihyperlipidemic, and anticancer activities. Its health-promoting power is mostly attributed to the phenolic and polysaccharide content, in addition to its amazing biotransformed metabolites. The underlying action mechanisms of such pharmacological activities are discussed and related to its chemical content. This review presents the latest research progress on the role of PP in the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases, and its protective health effects for future research to be used in nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology & Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
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Kostka T, Ostberg-Potthoff JJ, Briviba K, Matsugo S, Winterhalter P, Esatbeyoglu T. Pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) Extract and Its Anthocyanin and Copigment Fractions-Free Radical Scavenging Activity and Influence on Cellular Oxidative Stress. Foods 2020; 9:E1617. [PMID: 33172172 PMCID: PMC7694777 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary plant metabolites, e.g., polyphenols, are widely known as health-improving compounds that occur in natural functional foods such as pomegranates. While extracts generated from these fruits inhibit oxidative stress, the allocation of these effects to the different subgroups of substances, e.g., anthocyanins, "copigments" (polyphenols without anthocyanins), or polymeric compounds, is still unknown. Therefore, in the present study, polyphenols from pomegranate juice were extracted and separated into an anthocyanin and copigment fraction using adsorptive membrane chromatography. Phenolic compounds were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array (HPLC-PDA) detection and HPLC-PDA electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS/MS), while the free radical scavenging activity of the pomegranate XAD‑7 extract and its fractions was evaluated by the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. Compared to juice, the total phenolic content and free radical scavenging potential was significantly higher in the pomegranate XAD-7 extract and its fractions. In comparison to the anthocyanin and copigment fraction, pomegranate XAD-7 extract showed the highest radical scavenging activity against galvinoxyl and DPPH radicals. Moreover, the enriched XAD-7 extract and its fractions were able to protect human hepatocellular HepG2 cells against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide. Overall, these results indicated that anthocyanins and copigments act together in reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Kostka
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Johanna Josefine Ostberg-Potthoff
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (J.J.O.-P.); (P.W.)
| | - Karlis Briviba
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str.9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Seiichi Matsugo
- School of Natural System, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Peter Winterhalter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Schleinitzstrasse 20, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany; (J.J.O.-P.); (P.W.)
| | - Tuba Esatbeyoglu
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz University of Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, 30167 Hannover, Germany;
- Department of Safety and Quality of Fruit and Vegetables, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Haid-und-Neu-Str.9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
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ULUMAN E, AKSU KILIÇLE P. The investigation of the possible antigenotoxic in vivo effects of pomegranate(Punica granatum L.) peel extract on mitomycin-C genotoxicity. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.3906/vet-1911-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gautam V, Kohli SK, Arora S, Bhardwaj R, Kazi M, Ahmad A, Raish M, Ganaie MA, Ahmad P. Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Activities of Different Fractions from the Leaves of Rhododendron arboreum Sm. and Their GC-MS Profiling. Molecules 2018; 23:E2239. [PMID: 30177614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this era of urbanization and environmental pollution, antioxidants and antimutagens derived from plants are promising safeguards for human health. In the current investigation, we analyzed the antioxidant and antimutagenic effects of the hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions of Rhododendron arboreum Sm. leaves and determined their chemical composition. The different fractions inhibited lipid peroxidation, repressed the production of nitric oxide radicals, and prevented deoxyribose degradation. The antimutagenic activity of the leaf fractions was analyzed against 4-nitro-O-phenylenediamine, sodium azide and 2-aminofluorene mutagens in two test strains (TA-98 and TA-100) of Salmonella typhimurium. The experiment was conducted using pre- and co-incubation modes. The best results were obtained in the pre-incubation mode, and against indirect acting mutagen. The presence of a number of bioactive constituents was confirmed in the different fractions by GC-MS analysis. The study reveals the strong antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of R. arboreum leaves. We propose that those activities of R. arboreum might correspond to the combined effect of the phytochemicals identified by GC-MS analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the antimutagenic activity of R. arboreum leaves.
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Izquierdo-Vega JA, Morales-González JA, SánchezGutiérrez M, Betanzos-Cabrera G, Sosa-Delgado SM, Sumaya-Martínez MT, Morales-González Á, Paniagua-Pérez R, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Madrigal-Santillán E. Evidence of Some Natural Products with Antigenotoxic Effects. Part 1: Fruits and Polysaccharides. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9020102. [PMID: 28157162 PMCID: PMC5331533 DOI: 10.3390/nu9020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide. The agents capable of causing damage to genetic material are known as genotoxins and, according to their mode of action, are classified into mutagens, carcinogens or teratogens. Genotoxins are involved in the pathogenesis of several chronic degenerative diseases including hepatic, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, arthritis, cancer, chronic inflammation and ageing. In recent decades, researchers have found novel bioactive phytocompounds able to counteract the effects of physical and chemical mutagens. Several studies have shown potential antigenotoxicity in a variety of fruits. In this review (Part 1), we present an overview of research conducted on some fruits (grapefruit, cranberries, pomegranate, guava, pineapple, and mango) which are frequentl consumed by humans, as well as the analysis of some phytochemicals extracted from fruits and yeasts which have demonstrated antigenotoxic capacity in various tests, including the Ames assay, sister chromatid exchange, chromosomal aberrations, micronucleus and comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannett Alejandra Izquierdo-Vega
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Hidalgo, México.
| | - José Antonio Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, México D.F. 11340, México.
| | - Manuel SánchezGutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Hidalgo, México.
| | - Gabriel Betanzos-Cabrera
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ex-Hacienda de la Concepción, Tilcuautla, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Hidalgo, México.
| | - Sara M Sosa-Delgado
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, México D.F. 11340, México.
| | - María Teresa Sumaya-Martínez
- Secretaría de Investigación y Estudios de Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura Amado Nervo. Boulevard Tepic-Xalisco s/n, Tepic 28000, Nayarit, México.
| | - Ángel Morales-González
- Escuela Superior de Cómputo, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad A. López Mateos, Av. Juan de Dios Bátiz. Col., Lindavista, México D.F. 07738, Mexico.
| | - Rogelio Paniagua-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Muscular, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Av. México-Xochimilco. Col., Arenal de Guadalupe, México D.F. 14389, México.
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, Unidad A. López-Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Lindavista, México D.F. 07738, México.
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, México D.F. 11340, México.
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Abstract
The treatment based on plant or plant derivatives is a promising strategy in the killing of cancers cells. Moreover, wide-ranging finding has established that medicinal plant and its ingredient modulate several cells signaling pathways or inhibiting the carcinogenesis process. In this vista, pomegranates fruits, seeds and peels illustrate cancer preventive role seems to be due to rich source of antioxidant and other valuable ingredients. Furthermore, anti-tumour activities of pomegranates have been evidences through the modulation of cell signaling pathways including transcription factor, apoptosis and angiogenesis. In this review article, anti-tumor activity of pomegranates and its components or its different type of extracts are described to understand the mechanism of action of pomegranates in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad H Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Cano-Lamadrid M, Marhuenda-Egea FC, Hernández F, Rosas-Burgos EC, Burgos-Hernández A, Carbonell-Barrachina AA. Biological Activity of Conventional and Organic Pomegranate Juices: Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Potential. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2016; 71:375-380. [PMID: 27423934 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-016-0569-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
None of the health claims about pomegranate juices has been approved yet by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). There is a general perception among consumers that organic foods are healthier, tastier, and more nutritive than the conventional products. The aim of this research was to study the differences in the biological activity between ready-for-consumption juices obtained from pomegranates fruits grown under conventional and organic agricultural practices. Antioxidant activity has been evaluated by three methods (DPPH•, ABTS+, and FRAP), together with the total contents of phenolics and punicalagin (HPLC-DAD); besides, the Ames test was used to evaluate the antimutagenic potential of the juices. Pomegranate juice, either from conventionally or organically grown fruits, was antimutagenic (mean of 51 and 90 % for Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98, respectively) and it was capable of protecting DNA from both, base-pair or frame-shift type of mutations. In fact, the antimutagenicity of conventional pomegranate juice was higher than that achieved by the organic sample; this finding was linked to a higher punicalagin content (201 and 104 mg L-1 for conventional and organic juices, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cano-Lamadrid
- Departamento Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Grupo "Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria (CSA), Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela (EPSO), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312-Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - F C Marhuenda-Egea
- Department of Agrochemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alicante, PO Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - F Hernández
- Departamento Producción Vegetal y Microbiología, UMH, EPSO, Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312-Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
| | - E C Rosas-Burgos
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Apartado Postal 1658, C.P, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - A Burgos-Hernández
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Apartado Postal 1658, C.P, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.
| | - A A Carbonell-Barrachina
- Departamento Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Grupo "Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria (CSA), Escuela Politécnica Superior de Orihuela (EPSO), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche (UMH), Carretera de Beniel, km 3.2, 03312-Orihuela, Alicante, Spain
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Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI. Potential Effects of Pomegranate on Lipid Peroxidation and Pro-inflammatory Changes in Daunorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity in Rats. Int J Prev Med 2016; 7:85. [PMID: 27413516 PMCID: PMC4926549 DOI: 10.4103/2008-7802.184314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Daunorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity caused by oxidative stress and free radical formation. Pomegranate possessed a significant in vitro free radical scavenging activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was estimations of the role of pomegranate effects in daunorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Methods: A total of 21 Sprague male rats were allocated into three groups, seven animals in each group. Group A: Control group received distilled water. Group B: Treated group with daunorubicin 20 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection daily for the 12th day for total cumulative dose of 240 mg/kg. Group C: Pretreatment group with pomegranate 25 mg/kg for 6 days orally, then daunorubicin 20 mg/kg administrated concomitantly for the next 6 days with a cumulative dose of 120 mg/kg. Cardiac troponin I([cTn I] pg/ml), malondialdehyde (MDA) (ng/ml), interleukin 17 (IL-17 pg/ml), and cardiac lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (pm/ml), all these biomarkers were used to measure the severity of cardiotoxicity. Results: Daunorubicin at a dose of 20 mg/kg lead to pronounced cardiac damage that reflected on through elevations of serum cTn and serum LDH levels significantly P < 0.01, it induced lipid peroxidation during cardiotoxicity that reflected through an elevation in the serum MDA significantly P < 0.01, moreover, daunorubicin induces pro-inflammatory changes in cardiotoxicity; it raises the IL-17 serum level significantly P < 0.01 as compared with control. Pomegranate pretreatment demonstrated a significant cardioprotection from daunorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity; it attenuated the cardiac damage through reduction of cTn, LDH, MDA, and serum IL-17 level significantly P < 0.01 as compared with daunorubicin-treated group. Conclusions: Pomegranate demonstrated significant cardioprotection in daunorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through reduction of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory, and cardiac injury biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder M Al-Kuraishy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ali I Al-Gareeb
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Medicine, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq
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Uysal S, Zengin G, Aktumsek A, Karatas S. Chemical and biological approaches on nine fruit tree leaves collected from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. J Funct Foods 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Manna A, De Sarkar S, De S, Bauri AK, Chattopadhyay S, Chatterjee M. The variable chemotherapeutic response of Malabaricone-A in leukemic and solid tumor cell lines depends on the degree of redox imbalance. Phytomedicine 2015; 22:713-723. [PMID: 26141757 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The 'two-faced' character of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in cancer biology by acting as secondary messengers in intracellular signaling cascades, enhancing cell proliferation and survival, thereby sustaining the oncogenic phenotype. Conversely, enhanced generation of ROS can trigger an oxidative assault leading to a redox imbalance translating into an apoptotic cell death. Intrinsically, cancer cells have higher basal levels of ROS which if supplemented by additional oxidative insult by pro-oxidants can be cytotoxic, an example being Malabaricone-A (MAL-A). MAL-A is a plant derived diarylnonanoid, purified from fruit rind of the plant Myristica malabarica whose anti-cancer activity has been demonstrated in leukemic cell lines, the modality of cell death being apoptosis. This study aimed to compare the degree of effectiveness of MAL-A in leukemic vs. solid tumor cell lines. METHODS The cytotoxicity of MAL-A was evaluated by the MTS-PMS cell viability assay in leukemic cell lines (MOLT3, K562 and HL-60) and compared with solid tumor cell lines (MCF7, A549 and HepG2); further studies then proceeded with MOLT3 vs. MCF7 and A549. The contribution of redox imbalance in MAL-A induced cytotoxicity was confirmed by pre-incubating cells with an antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) or a thiol depletor, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO). MAL-A induced redox imbalance was quantitated by flow cytometry, by measuring the generation of ROS and levels of non protein thiols using dichlorofluorescein diacetate (CM-H2DCFDA) and 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (CMFDA) respectively. The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone 1) NQO1 and glutathione-S-transferase GST were measured spectrophotometrically. The mitochondrial involvement of MAL-A induced cell death was measured by evaluation of cardiolipin peroxidation using 10-N-nonyl acridine orange (NAO), transition pore activity with calcein-AM, while the mitochondrial transmembrane electrochemical gradient (∆ψ(m)) was measured by JC-1, fluorescence being acquired in a flow cytometer. The apoptotic mode of cell death was evaluated by double staining with annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide (PI), cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity spectrophotometrically. The expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 was examined by western blotting. RESULTS MAL-A demonstrated a higher degree of cytotoxicity in three leukemic cell lines whose IC50 ranged from 12.70 ± 0.10 to 18.10 ± 0.95 µg/ml, whereas in three solid tumor cell lines, the IC50 ranged from 28.10 ± 0.58 to 55.26 ± 5.90 µg/ml. This higher degree of cytotoxicity in MOLT3, a leukemic cell line was due to a higher induction of redox imbalance, evident by both an increased generation of ROS and concomitant depletion of thiols. This was confirmed by pre-incubation with NAC and BSO, wherein NAC decreased MAL-A induced cytotoxicity by 2.04 fold while BSO enhanced MAL-A cytotoxicity and decreased the IC50 by 5.60 fold. However, in solid tumor cell lines (MCF7 and A549), NAC minimally decreased MAL-A induced cytotoxicity, and BSO increased the IC50 by 1.96 and 2.39 fold respectively. Furthermore, the generation of ROS by MAL-A increased maximally in MOLT3 as the fluorescence increased from 44.28 ± 7.85 to 273.99 ± 32.78, and to a lesser degree in solid tumor cell lines, MCF7 (44.28 ± 14.89 to 207.97 ± 70.64) and A549 (37.87 ± 3.24 to 147.12 ± 38.53). In all three cell lines there was a concomitant depletion of thiols as in MOLT3, the GMFC decreased from 340.65 ± 60.39 to 62.67 ± 11.32, in MCF7 (277.82 ± 50.32 to 100.39 ± 31.93) and in A549 (274.05 ± 59.13 to 83.15 ± 21.43). In MOLT3 as compared to MCF7 and A549, decrease in the activities of GPx, CAT, NQO1 and GST was substantially greater. In all cell lines, the MAL-A induced redox imbalance translated into triggering of initial mitochondrial apoptotic events. Here again, MAL-A induced a higher degree of cardiolipin peroxidation in MOLT3 (67.01%) than MCF7 and A549 (29.15% and 44.30%), as also down regulated the mitochondrial transition pore activity from baseline to a higher extent, GMFC being 48.05 ± 2.37 to 10.70 ± 3.97 (MOLT3), 43.55 ± 3.36 to 15.36 ± 0.60 (MCF7) and 39.58 ± 0.4 to 12.65 ± 1.56 (A549). Perturbation of mitochondrial membrane potential evident by a decrease in the ratio of red/green (J-aggregates/monomers) was 134 fold (14.73/0.11) in MOLT3, 45 fold in MCF7 (20.72/0.46) and 34 fold in A549 (22.01/0.64). The extent of apoptosis using a similar concentration of MAL-A was maximal in MOLT3, wherein a 105 fold increase in annexin V binding was evident (0.83 ± 0.51 to 87.08 ± 9.85%) whereas it increased by 43.11 fold in MCF7 (0.69 ± 0.30 to 29.75 ± 11.79%) and 47.52 fold in A549 (0.61 ± 0.31 to 28.99 ± 17.21%). MAL-A induced apoptosis was also associated with a higher degree of caspase-3 activity in MOLT3 vs. MCF7 or A549 which translated into halting of cell cycle progression, evident by an increment in the sub-G0/G1 population [19.26 fold in MOLT3 (0.95 ± 0.45 vs. 18.30 ± 1.90%), 11.01 fold in MCF7 (0.97 ± 0.37 vs. 10.68 ± 0.69%) and 8.58 fold in A549 (1.06 ± 0.45 vs. 9.10 ± 1.05%)]. MAL-A effectively inhibited Nrf2 and HO-1, more prominently in MOLT3. Furthermore, the decreased expression of Nrf2 in MOLT3 correlated with the decreased activities of NQO1 and GST, suggesting that targeting of the Nrf2 anti-oxidant pathway could be considered. CONCLUSION Taken together, MAL-A a pro-oxidant compound is likely to be more effective in leukemias, meriting further pharmacological consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alak Manna
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 244B, Acharya JC Bose Road, Kolkata 700 020, India
| | - Sritama De Sarkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 244B, Acharya JC Bose Road, Kolkata 700 020, India
| | - Soumita De
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 244B, Acharya JC Bose Road, Kolkata 700 020, India
| | - Ajay K Bauri
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India
| | | | - Mitali Chatterjee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 244B, Acharya JC Bose Road, Kolkata 700 020, India .
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Turrini E, Ferruzzi L, Fimognari C. Potential Effects of Pomegranate Polyphenols in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2015; 2015:938475. [PMID: 26180600 DOI: 10.1155/2015/938475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death and is becoming the leading one in old age. Vegetable and fruit consumption is inversely associated with cancer incidence and mortality. Currently, interest in a number of fruits high in polyphenols has been raised due to their reported chemopreventive and/or chemotherapeutic potential. Pomegranate has been shown to exert anticancer activity, which is generally attributed to its high content of polyphenols. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of known targets and mechanisms along with a critical evaluation of pomegranate polyphenols as future anticancer agents. Pomegranate evokes antiproliferative, anti-invasive, and antimetastatic effects, induces apoptosis through the modulation of Bcl-2 proteins, upregulates p21 and p27, and downregulates cyclin-cdk network. Furthermore, pomegranate blocks the activation of inflammatory pathways including, but not limited to, the NF-κB pathway. The strongest evidence for its anticancer activity comes from studies on prostate cancer. Accordingly, some exploratory clinical studies investigating pomegranate found a trend of efficacy in increasing prostate-specific antigen doubling time in patients with prostate cancer. However, the genotoxicity reported for pomegranate raised certain concerns over its safety and an accurate assessment of the risk/benefit should be performed before suggesting the use of pomegranate or its polyphenols for cancer-related therapeutic purposes.
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Singh NV, Abburi VL, Ramajayam D, Kumar R, Chandra R, Sharma KK, Sharma J, Babu KD, Pal RK, Mundewadikar DM, Saminathan T, Cantrell R, Nimmakayala P, Reddy UK. Genetic diversity and association mapping of bacterial blight and other horticulturally important traits with microsatellite markers in pomegranate from India. Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 290:1393-402. [PMID: 25675870 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-015-1003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This genetic diversity study aimed to estimate the population structure and explore the use of association mapping strategies to identify linked markers for bacterial resistance, growth and fruit quality in pomegranate collections from India. In total, 88 accessions including 37 cultivated types were investigated. A total of 112 alleles were amplified by use of 44 publicly available microsatellites for estimating molecular genetic diversity and population structure. Neighbor-joining analysis, model-based population structure and principal component analysis corroborated the genetic relationships among wild-type and cultivated pomegranate collections from India. Our study placed all 88 germplasm into four clusters. We identified a cultivated clade of pomegranates in close proximity to Daru types of wild-type pomegranates that grow naturally near the foothills of the Himalayas. Admixture analysis sorted various lineages of cultivated pomegranates to their respective ancestral forms. We identified four linked markers for fruit weight, titratable acidity and bacterial blight severity. PGCT001 was found associated with both fruit weight and bacterial blight, and the association with fruit weight during both seasons analyzed was significant after Bonferroni correction. This research demonstrates effectiveness of microsatellites to resolve population structure among the wild and cultivar collection of pomegranates and future use for association mapping studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nripendra Vikram Singh
- ICAR-National Research Center on Pomegranate, Kegaon, Solapur, Maharashtra, 413255, India
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Mazzari ALDA, Prieto JM. Herbal medicines in Brazil: pharmacokinetic profile and potential herb-drug interactions. Front Pharmacol 2014; 5:162. [PMID: 25071580 PMCID: PMC4087670 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2014.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A plethora of active compounds found in herbal medicines can serve as substrate for enzymes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics. When a medicinal plant is co-administered with a conventional drug and little or no information is known about the pharmacokinetics of the plant metabolites, there is an increased risk of potential herb-drug interactions. Moreover, genetic polymorphisms in a population may act to predispose individuals to adverse reactions. The use of herbal medicines is rapidly increasing in many countries, particularly Brazil where the vast biodiversity is a potential source of new and more affordable treatments for numerous conditions. Accordingly, the Brazilian Unified Public Health System (SUS) produced a list of 71 plant species of interest, which could be made available to the population in the near future. Physicians at SUS prescribe a number of essential drugs and should herbal medicines be added to this system the chance of herb-drug interactions further increases. A review of the effects of these medicinal plants on Phase 1 and Phase 2 metabolic mechanisms and the transporter P-glycoprotein was conducted. The results have shown that approximately half of these medicinal plants lack any pharmacokinetic data. Moreover, most of the studies carried out are in vitro. Only a few reports on herb-drug interactions with essential drugs prescribed by SUS were found, suggesting that very little attention is being given to the safety of herbal medicines. Here we have taken this information to discuss the potential interactions between herbal medicines and essential drugs prescribed to Brazilian patients whilst taking into account the most common polymorphisms present in the Brazilian population. A number of theoretical interactions are pinpointed but more pharmacokinetic studies and pharmacovigilance data are needed to ascertain their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre L D A Mazzari
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy London, UK
| | - Jose M Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biological Chemistry, UCL School of Pharmacy London, UK
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Souza MO, Branco CS, Sene J, DallAgnol R, Agostini F, Moura S, Salvador M. Antioxidant and Antigenotoxic Activities of the Brazilian Pine Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze. Antioxidants (Basel) 2014; 3:24-37. [PMID: 26784661 DOI: 10.3390/antiox3010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are natural products with recognized potential in drug discovery and development. We aimed to evaluate the polyphenolic profile of Araucaria angustifolia bracts, and their ability to scavenge reactive species. The antioxidant and antigenotoxic effects of A. angustifolia polyphenols in MRC5 human lung fibroblast cells were also explored. The total polyphenol extract of A. angustifolia was determined by the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent and the chemical composition was confirmed by HPLC. Reactive oxygen species’ scavenging ability was investigated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method and superoxide dismutase- and catalase-like activities. The protective effect of the extract in MRC5 cells was carried out by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method and the determination of oxidative lipids, protein, and DNA (alkaline and enzymatic comet assay) damage. Total phenolic content of the A. angustifolia extract was 1586 ± 14.53 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g of bracts. Catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, and apigenin were the major polyphenols. The extract was able to scavenge DPPH radicals and exhibited potent superoxide dismutase and catalase-like activities. Moreover, A. angustifolia extract significantly protected MRC5 cells against H2O2-induced mortality and oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. Therefore, A. angustifolia has potential as a source of bioactive chemical compounds.
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Ávila RID, Guerra MT, Borges KDAS, Vieira MDS, Oliveira Júnior LMD, Furtado H, Mota MFD, Arruda AF, Valadares MC. Punica granatum L. protects mice against hexavalent chromium-induced genotoxicity. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502013000400008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the chemoprotective effects of Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae) fruits alcoholic extract (PGE) on mice exposed to hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)]. Animals were pretreated with PGE (25, 50 or 75 mg/kg/day) for 10 days and subsequently exposed to a sub-lethal dose of Cr(VI) (30 mg/kg). The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow was investigated and the Cr(VI) levels were measured in the kidneys, liver and plasm. For the survival analysis, mice were previously treated with PGE for 10 days and exposed to a single lethal dose of Cr(VI) (50 mg/kg). Exposure to a sub-lethal dose of Cr(VI) induced a significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated cells. However, the prophylactic treatment with PGE led to a reduction of 44.5% (25 mg/kg), 86.3% (50 mg/kg) and 64.2% (75 mg/kg) in the incidence of micronuclei. In addition, the 50 mg/kg dose of PGE produced a higher chemoprotective effect, since the survival rate was 90%, when compared to that of the non-treated group. In these animals, reduced amounts of chromium were detected in the biological materials, in comparison with the other groups. Taken together, the results demonstrated that PGE exerts a protective effect against Cr(VI)-induced genotoxicity.
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Moghaddam G, Sharifzadeh M, Hassanzadeh G, Khanavi M, Hajimahmoodi M. Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity of the Pomegranate Peel (<i>Punica granatum</i>) Methanol Extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/fns.2013.410a008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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