1
|
Mitra KLW, Riehs M, Draguicevic A, Swann WA, Li CW, Velian A. Reaction Chemistry at Discrete Organometallic Fragments on Black Phosphorus. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202311575. [PMID: 37844276 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (bP) is a two-dimensional van der Waals material unique in its potential to serve as a support for single-site catalysts due to its similarity to molecular phosphines, ligands quintessential in homogeneous catalysis. However, there is a scarcity of synthetic methods to install single metal centers on the bP lattice. Here, we demonstrate the functionalization of bP nanosheets with molecular Re and Mo complexes. A suite of characterization techniques, including infrared, X-ray photoelectron and X-ray absorption spectroscopy as well as scanning transmission electron microscopy corroborate that the functionalized nanosheets contain a high density of discrete metal centers directly bound to the bP surface. Moreover, the supported metal centers are chemically accessible and can undergo ligand exchange transformations without detaching from the surface. The steric and electronic properties of bP as a ligand are estimated with respect to molecular phosphines. Sterically, bP resembles tri(tolyl)phosphine when monodentate to a metal center, and bis(diphenylphosphino)propane when bidentate, whereas electronically bP is a σ-donor as strong as a trialkyl phosphine. This work is foundational in elucidating the nature of black phosphorus as a ligand and underscores the viability of using bP as a basis for single-site catalysts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Riehs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Andrei Draguicevic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - William A Swann
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Christina W Li
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Alexandra Velian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vanni M, Serrano-Ruiz M, Filippi J, Salvatici MC, Fonda E, Peruzzini M, Caporali M. Unraveling the Role of Nickel Nanoparticles Functionalization in the Electronic Properties and Structural Features of 2D Black Phosphorene Exposed to Ambient Conditions. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202200457. [PMID: 36799270 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Layered black phosphorus (BP) is endowed with peculiar chemico-physical properties that make it a highly promising candidate in the field of electronics. Nevertheless, as other 2D materials with atomic scale thickness, it suffers from easy degradation under ambient conditions. Herein, it is shown that the functionalization of BP with preformed and in situ grown Ni NPs, affects the electronic properties of the material. In particular, Ni functionalization performed in situ leads to a narrowing of the average BP band gap from 1.15 to 0.95 eV and to a marked shift in the conduction band maximum from -0.33 V to -0.07 V, which, in turn, improve the ambient stability. Structural studies carried out by XAS can well distinguish the two nanohybrids and reveal that once Ni NPs are grown on BP nanosheets, a Ni-P coordinative bond is formed, featuring a short Ni-P distance of 2.27 Å, which is not observed when preformed Ni NPs are immobilized on BP. Comparing the XANES and EXAFS spectra of fresh and aged samples of both nanohybrids, suggests that the interaction between Ni and P atoms results in a stabilization effect exerted via a dual electronic and redox mechanism, that infers a much superior ambient stability to BP, even if the surface functionalization is far to achieve a full coverage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Vanni
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Jonathan Filippi
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Salvatici
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Emiliano Fonda
- Synchrotron SOLEIL L'orme des Merisiers, 91192, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maria Caporali
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu X, Chen L, Wu Y, Zhang X, Chambaud G, Han Y, Meng C. Pd Speciation on Black Phosphorene in CO and C2H4 Atmosphere: A First-principles Investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:14284-14293. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01726a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Deposited transition metal clusters and nanoparticles are widely used as catalysts and have long been thought stable in reaction conditions. We investigated the electronic structure and stability of freestanding and...
Collapse
|
4
|
Vanni M, Bellini M, Borsacchi S, Calucci L, Caporali M, Caporali S, d'Acapito F, Geppi M, Giaccherini A, Ienco A, Manca G, Mio AM, Nicotra G, Oberhauser W, Serrano-Ruiz M, Banchelli M, Vizza F, Peruzzini M. Interlayer Coordination of Pd-Pd Units in Exfoliated Black Phosphorus. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:10088-10098. [PMID: 34185506 PMCID: PMC9295127 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The chemical functionalization of
2D exfoliated black phosphorus
(2D BP) continues to attract great interest, although a satisfactory
structural characterization of the functionalized material has seldom
been achieved. Herein, we provide the first complete structural characterization
of 2D BP functionalized with rare discrete Pd2 units, obtained
through a mild decomposition of the organometallic dimeric precursor
[Pd(η3-C3H5)Cl]2. A multitechnique approach, including HAADF-STEM, solid-state NMR,
XPS, and XAS, was used to study in detail the morphology of the palladated
nanosheets (Pd2/BP) and to unravel the coordination of
Pd2 units to phosphorus atoms of 2D BP. In particular,
XAS, backed up by DFT modeling, revealed the existence of unprecedented
interlayer Pd–Pd units, sandwiched between stacked BP layers.
The preliminary application of Pd2/BP as a catalyst for
the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic medium highlighted
an activity increase due to the presence of Pd2 units.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Vanni
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Bellini
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Silvia Borsacchi
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.,Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Calucci
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.,Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Caporali
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Stefano Caporali
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Florence, Via di S. Marta 3, 50139 Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco d'Acapito
- CNR-IOM-OGG c/o European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Marco Geppi
- Center for Instrument Sharing of the University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy.,Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry (DCCI), University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 13, 56121 Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Giaccherini
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Via La Pira 4, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Andrea Ienco
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gabriele Manca
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Antonio Massimiliano Mio
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR-IMM), VIII strada 5, I-95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nicotra
- Institute for Microelectronics and Microsystems (CNR-IMM), VIII strada 5, I-95121 Catania, Italy
| | - Werner Oberhauser
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Martina Banchelli
- Institute of Applied Physics "Nello Carrara" (CNR-IFAC), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Francesco Vizza
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- Institute for the Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nangare S, Patil P. Black Phosphorus Nanostructure Based Highly Sensitive and Selective Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor for Biological and Chemical Sensing: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:1-26. [PMID: 34053388 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1927669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an attention-grabbing sensor type, which offers the sensitive and selective detection of biomolecules and environmentally toxic substances. Notably, the SPR sensor gives excellent rewards including real-time, in-situ, and label-free measuring capability as compared to existing sensing technologies. As a result, these noteworthy merits of the SPR sensor make it straightforward to investigate the molecular events and chemical/gas molecule interaction. Unfortunately, there are different binding events including smaller molecular mass substances, which cannot be detected at the SPR sensor. Accordingly, this downside of the SPR sensor eventually led to the design and implementation of new approaches for sensitivity and selectivity improvement for sensing applications in different fields. Recently, the black phosphorus (BP) derived 2 D nanomaterial is stand out as a distinctive nanostructure in comparison to recently reported other 2 D nanomaterials. Substantial and functional characteristics of BP including simplicity of operation, optical properties, high carrier mobility, stronger immobilization of receptors and biomolecules, electronic bridging playing important role in the highly selective and sensitive assessment of analyte. The designed BP nanostructures are mostly serving to accelerate the plasmon material signals followed by improved molecular sensing that may due to 40-times faster-sensing responses of BP nanostructure than reported 2 D nanomaterials. Therefore, the present review article sheds light on the latest significant advances in biological and toxic gas detection through 2D BP nanostructures based SPR sensors. In the future, this review will facilitate detailed insights into the development of BP-based groundbreaking frameworks for highly sensitive and selective recognition of biomolecules and environmental pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sopan Nangare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pravin Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kosmala T, Bardini L, Caporali M, Serrano-Ruiz M, Sedona F, Agnoli S, Peruzzini M, Granozzi G. Interfacial chemistry and electroactivity of black phosphorus decorated with transition metals. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01097a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) exhibits a significant chemical reactivity toward transition metals at room temperature, forming metal–BP nanohybrids that have much higher catalytic activity in the hydrogen evolution reaction with respect to the bare BP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kosmala
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Luca Bardini
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Maria Caporali
- Istituto di Chimica del Composti Organometallici
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR–ICCOM)
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Manuel Serrano-Ruiz
- Istituto di Chimica del Composti Organometallici
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR–ICCOM)
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Francesco Sedona
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Stefano Agnoli
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Maurizio Peruzzini
- Istituto di Chimica del Composti Organometallici
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR–ICCOM)
- 50019 Sesto Fiorentino
- Italy
| | - Gaetano Granozzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- University of Padova
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| |
Collapse
|