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He T, Zhang X, Hao J, Ding S. Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog in Non-neoplastic Digestive Disease: More Than Just Tumor Suppressor. Front Physiol 2021; 12:684529. [PMID: 34140896 PMCID: PMC8204087 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.684529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene is one of the most important tumor suppressor genes, which acts through its unique protein phosphatase and lipid phosphatase activity. PTEN protein is widely distributed and exhibits complex biological functions and regulatory modes. It is involved in the regulation of cell morphology, proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, and migration through a variety of signaling pathways. The role of PTEN in malignant tumors of the digestive system is well documented. Recent studies have indicated that PTEN may be closely related to many other benign processes in digestive organs. Emerging evidence suggests that PTEN is a potential therapeutic target in the context of several non-neoplastic diseases of the digestive tract. The recent discovery of PTEN isoforms is expected to help unravel more biological effects of PTEN in non-neoplastic digestive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shigang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Geng W, Zhou G, Zhao B, Xiao Q, Li C, Fan S, Dong P, Zheng J. Liquiritigenin suppresses the activation of hepatic stellate cells via targeting miR-181b/PTEN axis. Phytomedicine 2020; 66:153108. [PMID: 31790896 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liquiritigenin (LQ), an aglycone of liquiritin in licorice, has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. Previously, LQ was found to inhibit liver fibrosis progression. PURPOSE Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) has been reported to act as a negative regulator of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. However, the roles of PTEN in the effects of LQ on liver fibrosis have not been identified to date. METHODS The effects of LQ on liver fibrosis in carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) mice as well as primary HSCs were examined. Moreover, the roles of PTEN and microRNA-181b (miR-181b) in the effects of LQ on liver fibrosis were examined. RESULTS LQ markedly ameliorated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis, with a reduction in collagen deposition as well as α-SMA level. Moreover, LQ induced an increase in PTEN and effectively inhibited HSC activation including cell proliferation, α-SMA and collagen expression, which was similar with curcumin (a positive control). Notably, loss of PTEN blocked down the effects of LQ on HSC activation. PTEN was confirmed as a target of miR-181b and miR-181b-mediated PTEN was involved in the effects of LQ on liver fibrosis. LQ led to a significant reduction in miR-181b expression. LQ-inhibited HSC activation could be restored by over-expression of miR-181b. Further studies demonstrated that LQ down-regulated miR-181b level via Sp1. Collectively, we demonstrate that LQ inhibits liver fibrosis, at least in part, via regulation of miR-181b and PTEN. CONCLUSION LQ down-regulates miR-181b level, leading to the restoration of PTEN expression, which contributes to the suppression of HSC activation. LQ may be a potential candidate drug against liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Geng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Guangyao Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Binyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qingqing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Chunxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Sinuo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Peihong Dong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Yang W, Yang M, Yao H, Ma Y, Ren X, Teng L, Wang T. Protective role of arnebin-1 in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:1250-1263. [PMID: 30678506 PMCID: PMC6421396 DOI: 10.1177/0300060518813058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the effects of arnebin-1 on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
(NAFLD) induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were fed an HFD for 10 weeks and then treated with
arnebin-1 at a dose of 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg/day by gavage for a further 12
weeks of a 22-week HFD. Peripheral blood and liver tissues were collected
for biochemical and histopathological examination. The mechanisms of
arnebin-1 on liver fibrosis and insulin resistance (IR) were determined by
Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results Arnebin-1 treatment attenuated the increase of total cholesterol,
triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, aspartate
aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum and lipid
accumulation in the livers of HFD-fed rats. Furthermore, arnebin-1 abrogated
HFD-induced liver fibrosis and the increase of fibrotic biomarkers. The
HFD-induced decrease of hepatic proliferator-activated receptor γ and
pro-matrix-metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 levels and the increase of tissue
inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) levels were reversed after
arnebin-1. Arnebin-1 attenuated IR through activating the insulin receptor
substrate-1/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. Conclusion This study demonstrated that arnebin-1 ameliorates NAFLD, in part, by
attenuating hepatic fibrosis and IR, suggesting that arnebin-1 may be a
therapeutic agent for NAFLD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Minchun Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yelin Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuanxuan Ren
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Long Teng
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zhang X, Jin T, Huang X, Liu X, Liu Z, Jia Y, Hao J. Effects of the tumor suppressor PTEN on biological behaviors of activated pancreatic stellate cells in pancreatic fibrosis. Exp Cell Res 2018; 373:132-144. [PMID: 30321515 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), when activated, are characterized by proliferation and collagen synthesis, and contribute to extracellular matrix deposition in pancreatic fibrosis. Concomitantly, fibrosis is linked with the loss of PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) protein in several organs. This study investigated the association between PTEN protein levels and the activated or apoptotic status of PSCs in a rat model of chronic pancreatitis. In addition, the activation status and biological behaviors of culture-activated PSCs were analyzed after lentiviral transfection with wildtype or mutant (G129E) PTEN for upregulation, or PTEN short hairpin RNA for downregulation, of PTEN. In vivo, PTEN levels gradually decreased during pancreatic fibrosis, which positively correlated with apoptosis of activated PSCs, but negatively with PSC activation. In vitro, activated PSCs with wildtype PTEN showed less proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis compared with control PSCs, and greater numbers were apoptotic; activated PSCs with mutant PTEN showed similar, but weaker, effects. Furthermore, AKT and FAK/ERK signaling was involved in this process. In summary, activated PSCs during pancreatic fibrosis in vivo have lower levels of PTEN. In vitro, PTEN appears to prevent PSCs from further activation and promotes apoptosis through regulation of the AKT and FAK/ERK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Tong Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xinjuan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yanjun Jia
- Department of Medical Research, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
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Kumar P, Raeman R, Chopyk DM, Smith T, Verma K, Liu Y, Anania FA. Adiponectin inhibits hepatic stellate cell activation by targeting the PTEN/AKT pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3537-3545. [PMID: 30293572 PMCID: PMC6529190 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin inhibits hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and subsequent development of liver fibrosis via multiple mechanisms. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deletion 10 (PTEN) plays a crucial role in suppression of HSC activation, but its regulation by adiponectin is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the effect of adiponectin on PTEN in LX-2 cells, a human cell line and examined the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in adiponectin-mediated upregulation of PTEN activity during fibrosis. PTEN expression was found to be significantly reduced in the livers of mice treated with CCl4, whereas its expression was rescued by adiponectin treatment. The DNA methylation proteins DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B are all highly expressed in activated primary HSCs compared to quiescent HSCs, and thus represent additional regulatory targets during liver fibrogenesis. Expression of DNMT proteins was significantly induced in the presence of fibrotic stimuli; however, only DNMT3B expression was reduced in the presence of adiponectin. Adiponectin-induced suppression of DNMT3B was found to be mediated by enhanced miR-29b expression. Furthermore, PTEN expression was significantly increased by overexpression of miR-29b, whereas its expression was markedly reduced by a miR-29b inhibitor in LX-2 cells. These findings suggest that adiponectin-induced upregulation of miR-29b can suppress DNMT3B transcription in LX-2 cells, thus resulting in reduced methylation of PTEN CpG islands and ultimately suppressing the PI3K/AKT pathway. Together, these data suggest a possible new explanation for the inhibitory effect of adiponectin on HSC activation and liver fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Reben Raeman
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel M Chopyk
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tekla Smith
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kiran Verma
- Labratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yunshan Liu
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Frank A Anania
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Liu D, Liu L, Wang L, Duan S, Song Y, Qu M, Gao N, Wu J, Zhang H, Wu H, Kong W, Yu B, Yu X. Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells combined with short hairpin RNA on liver injury induced by hepatitis B virus infection. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1731-1741. [PMID: 29257255 PMCID: PMC5780118 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical symptoms of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection include severe liver damage, which is associated with the elimination of the HBV-infected cells by the immune system. It has been suggested that suppression of HBV replication is not sufficient for patients with hepatitis B and the damaged liver function requires restoration. In the present study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were combined with short hairpin (sh)RNA to treat liver injury and suppress HBV replication in a mouse model. Lx-shRNA157-1694 (an shRNA expression plasmid containing two shRNA expression cassettes) and mouse immortal (mi)MSCs stably expressing shRNA (miMSC-shRNA) were constructed and their suppressive effects on HBV expression were investigated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), ELISA and immunofluorescence. Hepatogenic differentiation of miMSC-shRNA was induced in vitro and confirmed by morphology, reverse transcription-semi-quantitative and -quantitative PCR, urea production and Periodic acid-Schiff staining analyses. miMSCs and the shRNA expression plasmid alone or combined with miMSCs stably expressing shRNA were injected into mice. The former therapeutic regimen successfully suppressed HBV expression in sera and liver tissue, whereas the latter only suppressed HBV expression in liver tissue. Analyses of serum alanine aminotransferase levels, aspartate aminotransferase levels, liver weight/body weight ratio percentage and sirius red staining demonstrated marked amelioration of liver injury in mice treated with both therapeutic regimens. The results of the present study suggest that miMSCs combined with shRNA treatment may alleviate liver injury and suppress HBV expression, thus providing a novel potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of liver injury induced by HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Lin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Lizheng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Sizhu Duan
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Meng Qu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Nan Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Haihong Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Wei Kong
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xianghui Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
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