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Rawat A, Ganguli A, Narayanan R, Tarey RD. A new J.E probe for measurement of spatial profiles of power absorption in RF produced plasma. Rev Sci Instrum 2023; 94:063501. [PMID: 37862489 DOI: 10.1063/5.0144354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports an indigenously developed probe for the measurement of spatial profiles of the absorbed/generated RF power density Pabs (W/m3) in RF discharges. The technique utilizes a calibrated current (J) probe based on the Rogowski coil principle and an electric field (E) probe based on capacitive coupling, both integrated into a single probe called the J.E probe. Various aspects of the probe, such as its design, fabrication, calibration, and limitations, were resolved before it was used for obtaining axial profiles of RF power absorption/generation. Also presented are the first experimental results for the absorbed power density profiles at the fundamental (13.56 MHz) and harmonic (27.12 MHz) along the length of a capacitively coupled discharge. The axial scans between the powered and grounded electrode were taken at different argon gas pressures (10-800 mTorr) at a fixed RF power of 10 W. Detailed analysis of the results shows that even for systems with large electrode gaps, i.e., plasmas with long bulk plasma regions, practically all the fundamental power is absorbed in a narrow edge region near the powered electrode, irrespective of the pressure. Absorption is high near the RF electrode since the RF fields peak in this region. Another important conclusion is that stochastic absorption of the fundamental and harmonic generation proceeds fairly efficiently in the vicinity of the powered electrode even at high pressures. It may be mentioned that the probe technique introduced here is the first of its kind, and although there is considerable scope for miniaturization, it has, nonetheless, provided some key insights into the nature of RF power absorption in capacitive discharges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Rawat
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - A Ganguli
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ramesh Narayanan
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - R D Tarey
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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2
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Ganguli A, Gajula VP, Kar S, Sahu D. A joint calibration technique for improving measurement accuracy of voltage and current probes during synchronous operation for RF-based plasma devices. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:123514. [PMID: 36586948 DOI: 10.1063/5.0124816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a joint calibration scheme for voltage (V) and current (I) probes that helps accurately resolve the voltage-current phase differences even when the difference is very close to 90°. The latter has been a major issue with V-I probes when used with miniature RF plasma devices such as the atmospheric pressure plasma jet (APPJ). Since the impedance of such miniature devices is predominantly capacitive, the phase difference between the voltage and current signals is very nearly 90°. It turns out, however, that when V-I probes are used with such devices without joint calibration, these frequently yield phase shifts over 90°. Also, since the power absorption is proportional to the resistive part of the impedance, it becomes very sensitive to the phase difference when it is close to ≈90°. Thus, it is important to be able to accurately resolve the phases. Post-calibration, V-I probes would be indispensable for the electrical characterization of APPJs for determining the average RF power Pav, plasma impedance Zp, etc. Typical post-calibration V-I data yield Zp ≈ 93.6 - j 1139 Ω (81.5 - j 1173 Ω) at Pav ≈9.8W (≈7.7W) for helium (argon) gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Veda Prakash Gajula
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Satyananda Kar
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Debaprasad Sahu
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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Tombal B, Sternberg CN, Hussain M, Ganguli A, Li Y, Sandin R, Bhadauria H, Oh M, Saad F. Matching-adjusted indirect treatment comparison of the efficacy of enzalutamide versus apalutamide for the treatment of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100510. [PMID: 35714477 PMCID: PMC9271511 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To date, the efficacy of the androgen receptor inhibitors enzalutamide and apalutamide for the treatment of nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) has not been compared directly in a clinical trial setting. Indirect comparisons can be used to assess relative efficacy and provide important information to guide treatment decisions. PROSPER and SPARTAN were double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase III trials in patients with nmCRPC with overall similar study designs and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Using an anchored matching-adjusted indirect comparison, based on the final data from the PROSPER and SPARTAN studies, we assessed the comparative efficacy of enzalutamide and apalutamide, both plus androgen deprivation therapy. Methods Using placebo as the common comparator, individual patient data from PROSPER were matched to the aggregate patient data from SPARTAN and efficacy endpoints from PROSPER were re-weighted accordingly. Patient baseline characteristics and endpoints were clinically and statistically tested to identify potential effect modifiers, according to National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines. Hazard ratios for overall survival (OS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and time to chemotherapy (TTCx) were re-estimated for PROSPER using weighted Cox proportional hazards models and indirectly compared with those of SPARTAN using a Bayesian network meta-analysis. Results Estimated hazard ratios [95% credible interval (CrI)] for enzalutamide versus apalutamide were 0.80 (95% CrI 0.58-1.10) for OS, 0.94 (95% CrI 0.69-1.29) for MFS2, and 0.90 (95% CrI 0.63-1.29) for TTCx. Similar results were seen for sensitivity analyses conducted for OS and MFS. Bayesian probability analyses showed a 91.7% favoring enzalutamide for OS, 65.1% for MFS, and 71.4% for TTCx. Conclusions The results of this matching-adjusted indirect comparison of final data from PROSPER and SPARTAN indicate comparable efficacy of enzalutamide and apalutamide with potentially a greater probability of longer MFS, OS, and TTCx in patients with nmCRPC treated with enzalutamide versus apalutamide. Enzalutamide and apalutamide relative efficacy assessed via an MAIC corrected for differences between PROSPER and SPARTAN. Enzalutamide and apalutamide showed similar efficacy with regards to MFS, OS, and TTCx. The Bayesian probability analyses were numerically in favor of enzalutamide being more effective than apalutamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tombal
- Institut de Recherche Clinique (IREC), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - C N Sternberg
- Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M Hussain
- Lurie Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, USA
| | - A Ganguli
- HEOR, Oncology, Medical Affairs, Astellas Pharma Inc., Chicago, USA
| | - Y Li
- Solutions UK IQVIA, London, UK
| | - R Sandin
- Global Health and Value, Outcomes and Evidence, Oncology, Pfizer AB, Sollentuna, Sweden
| | - H Bhadauria
- HEOR, Oncology, Medical Affairs, Astellas Pharma Inc., Chicago, USA
| | - M Oh
- HEOR, Oncology, Medical Affairs, Astellas Pharma Inc., Chicago, USA
| | - F Saad
- Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Canada
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Hudgens S, Rich P, Geng Z, Williams D, Fleischer A, Ganguli A. Development and validation of the Physician's Global Assessment of Fingernail Psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:2324-2330. [PMID: 34014011 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several clinician-rated scoring systems are available to assess nail psoriasis severity, but only one has been partially validated. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate the Physician's Global Assessment of Fingernail Psoriasis (PGA-F), a new clinician-rated severity scale. METHODS A literature review, concept elicitation, pilot cognitive debriefing and clinical expert consultations informed the development of the PGA-F. A multistage mixed-methods analysis consisted of practising dermatologist cognitive interviews (n = 10) for instrument clarity, relevance and comprehensiveness. Inter-rater reliability (IRR) of ratings from dermatologists (n = 22) and clinical trial investigators (n = 8) was tested using many-facet Rasch analysis. Concurrent validity between the PGA-F and modified Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (mNAPSI) at screening and baseline was assessed along with the degree of discrimination. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for single raters at multiple assessments determined IRR. RESULTS The PGA-F synthesizes severity ratings across multiple disease features that classify individuals into 1 of 5 levels (clear to severe). Cognitive interviews confirmed content validity: all (n = 10, 100%) participants who agreed clinical criteria were consistent with nail psoriasis; no mismatched severity levels; and training photographs were realistic representations. All PGA-F items were locally independent and targeted patients along the severity continuum with complementary precision (item fit statistics: < the 1.5 acceptability threshold; exact agreements among the dermatologists [44%] and trial investigators [61.5%] exceeded 40% of acceptability threshold). Clinician reliability exceeded the threshold of acceptability for dermatologists and clinical trial investigators: 0.85 and 0.73, respectively. There was adequate correlation (>0.30) between mNAPSI and PGA-F at baseline and Week 26 with significant discrimination of severity and monotonic increases in the mNAPSI for each level of categorical severity on the PGA-F. ICC results for each type of IRR indicate that clinicians were consistent in individual patient ratings. CONCLUSION The PGA-F is a rapid, valid and reliable clinician-rated severity scale for use in clinical practice and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hudgens
- Clinical Outcomes Solutions, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - P Rich
- Oregon Dermatology & Research Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Z Geng
- AbbVie, North Chicago, IL, USA
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Ganguli A, Mostafa A, Saavedra C, Kim Y, Le P, Faramarzi V, Feathers RW, Berger J, Ramos-Cruz KP, Adeniba O, Diaz GJP, Drnevich J, Wright CL, Hernandez AG, Lin W, Smith AM, Kosari F, Vasmatzis G, Anastasiadis PZ, Bashir R. Three-dimensional microscale hanging drop arrays with geometric control for drug screening and live tissue imaging. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/17/eabc1323. [PMID: 33893093 PMCID: PMC8064630 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Existing three-dimensional (3D) culture techniques are limited by trade-offs between throughput, capacity for high-resolution imaging in living state, and geometric control. Here, we introduce a modular microscale hanging drop culture where simple design elements allow high replicates for drug screening, direct on-chip real-time or high-resolution confocal microscopy, and geometric control in 3D. Thousands of spheroids can be formed on our microchip in a single step and without any selective pressure from specific matrices. Microchip cultures from human LN229 glioblastoma and patient-derived mouse xenograft cells retained genomic alterations of originating tumors based on mate pair sequencing. We measured response to drugs over time with real-time microscopy on-chip. Last, by engineering droplets to form predetermined geometric shapes, we were able to manipulate the geometry of cultured cell masses. These outcomes can enable broad applications in advancing personalized medicine for cancer and drug discovery, tissue engineering, and stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - A Mostafa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - C Saavedra
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Y Kim
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - P Le
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - V Faramarzi
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - R W Feathers
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - J Berger
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - K P Ramos-Cruz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - O Adeniba
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - G J Pagan Diaz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - J Drnevich
- High-Performance Biological Computing, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - C L Wright
- DNA Services Lab, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - A G Hernandez
- DNA Services Lab, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - W Lin
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - A M Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - F Kosari
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - G Vasmatzis
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - P Z Anastasiadis
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - R Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
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Rawat A, Ganguli A, Narayanan R, Tarey RD. A novel ex situ diagnostic technique for characterizing harmonics in radio frequency discharges. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:094705. [PMID: 33003791 DOI: 10.1063/5.0009015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An accurate, non-invasive ex situ diagnostic technique for analyzing plasma generated harmonics in radio frequency (RF) discharges is presented utilizing a broadband Dual Directional Coupler (DDC) that measures accurately both forward and reflected voltage signals in a transmission line. For usual applications such as monitoring forward and reflected power, the DDC is placed between the RF generator and the matching network (MN). However, the MN reflects all plasma generated harmonics back toward the plasma. Hence, no harmonics reach the generator side of the MN. Thus, for monitoring the harmonics, it is necessary to place the DDC between the impedance matching unit and the plasma, which was used for the first time in an asymmetric, parallel plate RF discharge at 13.56 MHz, 10 W-50 W at 200 mTorr (argon). The analysis of DDC data yields voltage, harmonic power contents, complex load impedance, plasma reflection coefficient, Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR), etc., for the fundamental frequency. For instance, at 10 W net input power, the computed plasma impedance is ZL = Rp + jXp, with Rp = 16.8 Ω and Xp = -81.9 Ω, yielding VSWR ≈11. Additionally, for 50 W input power, the third harmonic (72.31 mW) is dominant, followed by the second (8.28 mW) and fourth harmonics. In contrast, the literature states that the second harmonic is usually dominant, possibly due to the invasive nature of the diagnostics. Because harmonics are an important signature of processes taking place within the plasma, the proposed diagnostic can be effectively used for calibration and verification of theoretical models/simulations for resolving relevant physics issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Rawat
- Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - A Ganguli
- Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ramesh Narayanan
- Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - R D Tarey
- Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
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Tombal B, Freedland S, Armstrong A, Beer T, Stenzl A, Sternberg C, Hussain M, Ganguli A, Ramaswamy K, Bhadauria H, Ivanescu C, Turnbull J, Holmstrom S, Saad F. 665P Impact of enzalutamide on patient-reported fatigue in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) or castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Ganguli A, Mostafa A, Berger J, Aydin M, Sun F, Valera E, Cunningham BT, King WP, Bashir R. Rapid Isothermal Amplification and Portable Detection System for SARS-CoV-2. bioRxiv 2020:2020.05.21.108381. [PMID: 32511358 PMCID: PMC7263486 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.21.108381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic provides an urgent example where a gap exists between availability of state-of-the-art diagnostics and current needs. As assay details and primer sequences become widely known, many laboratories could perform diagnostic tests using methods such as RT-PCR or isothermal RT-LAMP amplification. A key advantage of RT-LAMP based approaches compared to RT-PCR is that RT-LAMP is known to be robust in detecting targets from unprocessed samples. In addition, RT-LAMP assays are performed at a constant temperature enabling speed, simplicity, and point-of-use testing. Here, we provide the details of an RT-LAMP isothermal assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus with performance comparable to currently approved tests using RT-PCR. We characterize the assay by introducing swabs in virus spiked synthetic nasal fluids, moving the swab to viral transport medium (VTM), and using a volume of that VTM for performing the amplification without an RNA extraction kit. The assay has a Limit-of-Detection (LOD) of 50 RNA copies/μL in the VTM solution within 20 minutes, and LOD of 5000 RNA copies/μL in the nasal solution. Additionally, we show the utility of this assay for real-time point-of-use testing by demonstrating detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in less than 40 minutes using an additively manufactured cartridge and a smartphone-based reader. Finally, we explore the speed and cost advantages by comparing the required resources and workflows with RT-PCR. This work could accelerate the development and availability of SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics by proving alternatives to conventional laboratory benchtop tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ganguli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - A. Mostafa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - J. Berger
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - M. Aydin
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - F. Sun
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - E. Valera
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - B. T. Cunningham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - W. P. King
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - R. Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA
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Batra V, Ghosh M, Ganguli A. A simple fermentative process for ensuring safety and nutrition of legume and legume wheat based sourdoughs. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2018.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Batra
- Food Innovation Unit, S.R Enterprises, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - M. Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology, Patiala, India
| | - A. Ganguli
- SSD Projects Conglomerate, PHFI, Gurgaon, India
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Rai P, Mishra S, Shanker K, Neogi S, Balachandran S, Sharma R, Gupta R, Ganguli A. Chemical evaluation of dietary herbal formulations consumed by pregnant women for sex selection of offspring. Quality Assurance and Safety of Crops & Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2018.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Rai
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Indian Institute of Public Health Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, Delhi, India
| | - S. Mishra
- CSIR Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K. Shanker
- CSIR Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S.B. Neogi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Indian Institute of Public Health Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, Delhi, India
| | - S. Balachandran
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - R. Sharma
- Science for Equity, Empowerment and Development (SEED) Division, Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - R. Gupta
- Government of Haryana, Chandigarh, Haryana, India
| | - A. Ganguli
- SSD Project Group, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Kimball AB, Ganguli A, Fleischer A. Reliability of the hidradenitis suppurativa clinical response in the assessment of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018; 32:2254-2256. [PMID: 29959796 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa clinical response (HiSCR) is a validated clinical end point for measuring response to treatment in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS). Previous studies have reported on the validity, responsiveness and meaningfulness of the HiSCR. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the HiSCR for inter- and intrarater reliability characteristics. METHODS A stand-alone, two-site, prospective, non-interventional observational study consisted of 22 patients, with self-reported severity between mild, moderate and severe HS. The Patient Global Impression of Change (PGI-C) scale was completed by patients at Timepoint 2. Descriptive statistics of Hurley Stage, total abscesses, total draining fistulas, total inflammatory nodules and total AN count (sum of inflammatory nodules and lesions) were reported at two timepoints. Inter-rater reliability and intrarater reliability for the HS lesion count tool were evaluated at two timepoints (baseline and Day 7) using the HS lesion count tool. Intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficients of lesion counts were calculated to evaluate inter- and intrarater reliability of lesion counts between pairs of dermatologists. RESULTS The majority of patients demonstrated either no change or minimally worse PGI-C in HS scores. Descriptive statistics were similar between rater groups and timepoints assessed. Inter-rater ICC coefficients for abscess count at Timepoints 1 and 2 were 0.38 and 0.67. The ICC coefficients for draining fistula and AN count were ≥0.61 at both timepoints. In an exploratory model, ICC coefficients were ≥0.68 for all evaluated lesion counts. The test-retest reliability using ICC coefficients was ≥0.70 for total abscess, draining fistula, inflammatory nodule and AN count. CONCLUSION The HS lesion count tool had an acceptable inter- and intrarater reliability, indicating that HiSCR has a strong degree of reproducibility and consistency in the evaluation of patients with HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Kimball
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Analysis Group Inc, Boston, MA, USA
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12
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Ganguli A, Ornob A, Yu H, Damhorst GL, Chen W, Sun F, Bhuiya A, Cunningham BT, Bashir R. Hands-free smartphone-based diagnostics for simultaneous detection of Zika, Chikungunya, and Dengue at point-of-care. Biomed Microdevices 2017; 19:73. [PMID: 28831630 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-017-0209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases remain the world's top contributors to death and disability, and, with recent outbreaks of Zika virus infections there has been an urgency for simple, sensitive and easily translatable point-of-care tests. Here we demonstrate a novel point-of-care platform to diagnose infectious diseases from whole blood samples. A microfluidic platform performs minimal sample processing in a user-friendly diagnostics card followed by real-time reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) on the same card with pre-dried primers specific to viral targets. Our point-of-care platform uses a commercial smartphone to acquire real-time images of the amplification reaction and displays a visual read-out of the assay. We apply this system to detect closely related Zika, Dengue (types 1 and 3) and Chikungunya virus infections from whole blood on the same pre-printed chip with high specificity and clinically relevant sensitivity. Limit of detection of 1.56e5 PFU/mL of Zika virus from whole blood was achieved through our platform. With the ability to quantitate the target nucleic acid, this platform can also perform point-of-care patient surveillance for pathogen load or select biomarkers in whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - A Ornob
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - H Yu
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - G L Damhorst
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,College of Medicine at Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - W Chen
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - F Sun
- Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - A Bhuiya
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.,Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - B T Cunningham
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA. .,Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
| | - R Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA. .,Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA. .,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA. .,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Abstract
Gitelman's syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in thiazide-sensitive NaCl cotransporter. We report a 49-year-old, normotensive lady with prolonged hypokalemia since her 20s who was diagnosed with GS at our renal clinic. During follow-up, she was found to have mild, asymptomatic, euvolemic hyponatremia with low serum uric acid, inappropriately high urine osmolality and sodium consistent with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone-like presentation. Despite life-long urinary sodium losses, hyponatremia has rarely been reported in GS to be due to the primary disease process. We present relevant clinical data and hypothesize on why this disease per se may be a risk factor for dilutional hyponatremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- Division of Nephrology, Georgetown University/Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
| | - J H Veis
- Division of Nephrology, Georgetown University/Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA
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Zaidi S, Collins A, Davies K, Wright A, Ganguli A, Mitsi E, Reine J, Owugha J, Gordon S, Ferreira D, Rylance J. P48 Research BAL using single use disposable bronchoscope. Thorax 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2016-209333.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kavanaugh A, Griffith J, Karki C, Etzel C, Kremer J, Greenberg J, Ganguli A. THU0604 Disease Activity and Biologic Use in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Psoriatic Arthritis in The Past 10 Years: Results from The Corrona Registry. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.1460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ganguli A. Note on the Structure of Glass. Z KRIST-CRYST MATER 2015. [DOI: 10.1524/zkri.1937.97.1.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Stewart A, Ganguli A, FitzGerald R, Pirmohamed M. Variation in warfarin prescribing and dosing in the UK: a national survey of anticoagulation clinics. J Clin Pharm Ther 2015; 40:466-71. [PMID: 26032753 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Clinical practice in the initiation, prescribing, dosing and monitoring of warfarin in the UK varies, but this has not been adequately documented. The objective was to undertake a survey on current clinical practice in this area, and how it compares with national guidelines that have been developed by the British Committee for Standards in Haematology. METHODS A national online survey of anticoagulation clinics was performed using Survey Monkey(®) . The survey was designed to capture data for prescribing, dosing and monitoring of anticoagulation with warfarin. RESULTS Of 85 clinics who responded to the survey, most were run by secondary care (68%), facilitated by specialist nurses (58%) and followed standard guidelines for the management of warfarin (87%). The majority of clinics indicated their target international normalized ratio (INR) for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) (69/73; 94·5%) was between 2·0 and 3·0, but the indicated target INR for mechanical heart valves was more variable. Initiation and loading dosing regimens were a major source of variability with uncertainty surrounding individual patient factors such as age, ethnicity and BMI. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSIONS Current practice amongst UK anticoagulation clinics largely follows current national guidelines but better guidance on dosing, taking into account factors that determine interindividual variability in daily warfarin dose requirements would improve and standardize oral anticoagulation with warfarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stewart
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Ganguli
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R FitzGerald
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Pirmohamed
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Kavanaugh A, Greenberg J, Reed G, Griffith J, Friedman A, Saunders K, Ganguli A. FRI0105 Benefit of Biologic Initiation in Moderate VS Severe Rheumatoid Arthritis: Evidence from a Real-World Registry. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.1182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Harrold L, Greenberg J, Bao Y, Grant S, Kremer J, Reed G, Florentinus S, Karki C, Lacerda A, Ganguli A. THU0180 Time to Biologic Therapy Driven by Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity and Severity. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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20
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Reed G, Ganguli A, Saunders K, Magner R, Greenberg J. FRI0177 Biologic Drug Initiators: Real World Patterns of Monotherapy and Combination Therapy after One Year. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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van Vollenhoven R, Betts K, Signorovitch J, Bao C, Shaw J, Ganguli A. FRI0267 A Prediction Model That Identifies Patients Most Likely to Benefit from First-Line Therapy with Adalimumab plus Methotrexate in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Boonen A, Kavanaugh A, Maksymowych W, Ganguli A, Jalundhwala Y, Bao C, Garg V, Bergman M. THU0233 Differences in the Burden of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) on Patients' Health-Related Quality-Of-Life (HRQOL) and Work Productivity across Disease Activity: Results from the PROSE-RA Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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23
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Bao Y, Ganguli A, De G, Kelkar S, Curtis J. SAT0595-HPR Real-World Risk of Fall-Related Injuries among Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patients Treated with Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors (ANTI-TNFS) or Methotrexate (MTX). Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Emery P, Smolen J, Ganguli A, Meerwein S, Bao Y, Kupper H, Chen N, Karunaratne M, Kavanaugh A. AB0406 Effect of Adalimumab and Impact of Disease Activity and Functional Impairment on Work Instability in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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25
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Strand V, Greenberg J, Bao Y, Saunders K, Garg V, Li G, Ganguli A. FRI0101 Assessing the Impact of BIOLOGICS Treatment on Use of Mechanical Devices/Aids by Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patients Using A Large US Patient Registry. Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Revicki D, Cifaldi MA, Safikhani S, Chen N, Ganguli A. AB0266 Responsiveness and minimal important difference of the rheumatoid arthritis-work instability scale (ra-wis). Ann Rheum Dis 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.2588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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27
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Khaira G, Ganguli A, Ghosh M. Synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial activity of quaternized biopolymer from Klebsiella terrigena. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 116:511-8. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G.K. Khaira
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences; Thapar University; Patiala India
| | - A. Ganguli
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences; Thapar University; Patiala India
| | - M. Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences; Thapar University; Patiala India
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Stokes FJ, Bailey LM, Ganguli A, Davison AS. Assessment of endogenous, oral and inhaled steroid cross-reactivity in the Roche cortisol immunoassay. Ann Clin Biochem 2013; 51:503-6. [PMID: 24150482 DOI: 10.1177/0004563213509793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhaled steroids are widely used for the treatment of asthma. Concerns over adrenal suppression when used at high doses or in combination with drugs such as ritonavir exist, requiring the measurement of serum cortisol. Herein, we investigate the cross-reactivity of the inhaled steroids betamethasone, fluticasone and beclomethasone in the Roche cortisol immunoassay, in addition to five other steroids. METHODS Five replicates were produced from a serum pool for each of the eight steroids at a final concentration of 0.1 and 1 µg/mL. Each steroid was dissolved in 50% methanol, with 50% methanol of the same volume added to the control sample. The cross-reactivity of each steroid in the cortisol assay was calculated. RESULTS There was no statistically or clinically significant cross-reactivity in the measurement of cortisol when fluticasone, beclomethasone or betamethasone were spiked at 0.1 and 1.0 µg/mL, except for beclomethasone at a concentration of 1 µg/mL (1490 nmol/L) with a cross-reactivity of 1.6%, which is unlikely to be clinically significant. At both steroid concentrations investigated, prednisolone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and 11-deoxycortisol exhibited statistically significant cross-reactivities that were greater than the least significant change of the assay (13.1%), whereas dexamethasone and metyrapone did not. Mean inter-assay precision was 1.5% (405-1586 nmol/L). CONCLUSION The cross-reactivity of the inhaled steroids; betamethasone, fluticasone and beclomethasone in the Roche cortisol immunoassay are unlikely to be clinically significant at the concentrations found in patients on therapeutic doses. This will enable confident assessment of adrenal status in patients at risk of adrenal suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- F J Stokes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic Medicine, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - L M Bailey
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic Medicine, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Ganguli
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A S Davison
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic Medicine, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Harrold L, Cifaldi M, Saunders K, Reed G, Ganguli A, Shan Y, Greenberg J. SAT0469 Factors associated with work status and missed work days in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.3415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Jagnoor J, Keay L, Ganguli A, Dandona R, Thakur JS, Boufous S, Cumming RG, Ivers RQ. FALL RELATED INJURIES: A RETROSPECTIVE MEDICAL REVIEW STUDY IN NORTH INDIA. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040580f.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ganguli A, DeKoven M, Bonthapally V, Lee WC, Ray S. P1-08-21: Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients and Biomarker-Based Prevalence in the UK, Germany, France, Spain and Italy (EU-5). Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs11-p1-08-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Much peer-reviewed literature focuses on metastatic breast cancer (mBC) treatment regimens. However, research around mBC patients’ demographic/clinical characteristics across Europe is limited. This study compared such mBC characteristics as well as biomarker-based prevalence across the EU-5.
Methods: IMS LifeLink™ Oncology Analyzer (OA) database, based upon practicing oncologist surveys, was used to identify mBC patients aged ≥18 between 01/2005-06/2010. The study investigated the distribution of mBC population based on age, biomarker, co-morbidities and stage at diagnosis. This study also estimated the proportion of patients, and sites of metastasis, by lines of drug therapies (LOT).
Results: A total of 186,640 mBC patients were identified — Germany (30.2%), France (22.4%), UK (21.2%), Italy (17.7%) and Spain (8.4%). The majority of patients were aged 61–70yrs (24%-32%), except in Spain (22.3% aged 71–80yrs). Proportion of mBC patients with ≥1 co-morbid condition were highest in Germany (36.3%), followed by Spain (32.8%), UK (31.5%), Italy (27.6%) and France (20.1%), with diabetes (12.9−23.9%) and cardiac dysfunction (5.2−21.7%) being most prevalent. The distribution of mBC patients by biomarker status was 53.9% HER-/HR+, 17.8% HER+/HR+, 11.1% HER+/HR- and 17.2% triple negative, and was similar amongst the EU5 countries. The top three metastatic sites were bone (54.4%), lung (36.0%) and liver (32.7%), with proportion of bone metastasis increasing from 1st LOT (38.1%) to 4th LOT (69.6%). Almost 50% of the mBC patients were diagnosed at Stage IV, 14% at Stage III, 26% at Stage II and 6% at Stage I. Of all mBC patients, 93% received 1st LOT, 31% received 2nd LOT, 27% received 3rd LOT and 6.8% received 4thLOT.
Conclusion: In the EU-5, mBC patients were primarily elderly and HER-/HR+. The burden of bone metastasis was higher in later LOTs. Following the 1st LOT, fewer patients moved to subsequent treatments. Additional research on EU-5 clinical practice patterns is warranted.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-08-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- 1Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL; IMS Consulting Group, Alexandria, VA
| | - M DeKoven
- 1Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL; IMS Consulting Group, Alexandria, VA
| | - V Bonthapally
- 1Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL; IMS Consulting Group, Alexandria, VA
| | - WC Lee
- 1Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL; IMS Consulting Group, Alexandria, VA
| | - S Ray
- 1Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL; IMS Consulting Group, Alexandria, VA
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Ganguli A, Gao RX, Liang K, Jundt J. Optimal ultrasonic array focusing in attenuative media. Ultrasonics 2011; 51:911-920. [PMID: 21676425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2011.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2009] [Revised: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a parametric study on the efficiency of ultrasound focusing in an attenuative medium, using phased arrays. Specifically, an analytical model of ultrasound wave focusing in a homogeneous, isotropic and attenuative fluid with point sources is presented. Calculations based on the model have shown that in an attenuative medium, an optimum frequency exists for the best focusing performance for a particular size of aperture and focal distance. The effect of different f numbers on the focusing performance in the attenuative medium is further investigated. The information obtained from the analytical model provides insights into the design and installation of a phased transducer array for energy efficient wave focusing.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, United States
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Eiswirth R, Bart HJ, Ganguli A, Kenig E. Binäre Tropfenkoaleszenz: Wirkung von internen Strömungen und Stofftransport. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201050074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ray S, Tunceli O, Ganguli A, Kamat S, Gu T, Singer J, Luo Y, Xu Y. Economic burden of metastatic melanoma in a commercially insured U.S. population. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e19000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Ghosh M, Ganguli A, Tripathi AK. Decolorization of anaerobically digested molasses spent wash by Pseudomonas putida. Prikl Biokhim Mikrobiol 2009; 45:78-83. [PMID: 19235513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The distillery wastewater (spent wash) contains dark-brown colored recalcitrant organic compounds that are not amenable to conventional biological treatment. The characteristic recalcitrance to decolorization is due to the presence of brown melanoidin polymers. In the present study, feasibility of using Pseudomonas putida strain U for decolorization of spent wash was demonstrated. Batch cultures of P. putida decolourized spent wash by 24%, 2- fold higher decolorization was achieved following immobilization in calcium alginate beads. Glucose concentration was critical for decolourization and improved color removal efficiency was obtained by periodic replenishment of glucose. Decolourization was also observed with lactose or whey as alternative carbon sources. The results of our study suggest that P. putida could be used for biological decolorization of molasses spent washes and that supplementation with whey (a by-product from cheese industry) can offer economical viability to the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences Thapar University, Patiala 147004, India.
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Ganguli A. Problems of skin cover in injuries of lower limb with tissue loss. Indian J Plast Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1699209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Fducation and Research, Kolkatta, India
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Jha V, Rathi M, Ganguli A, Singh SK, Kohli HS, Gupta KL, Sakhuja V. Bardet-Biedl syndrome with end-stage kidney disease: A case report and review of literature. Indian J Nephrol 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0971-4065.35014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ganguli A. Problems of skin cover in injuries of lower limb with tissue loss. Indian J Plast Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0970-0358.37774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ganguli A, Steward C, Butler SL, Philips GJ, Meikle ST, Lloyd AW, Grant MH. Bacterial adhesion to bisphosphonate coated hydroxyapatite. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2005; 16:283-287. [PMID: 15803271 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-005-0625-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2004] [Accepted: 11/18/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is commonly associated with microbial infection of orthopaedic implants. Such infections often lead to osteomyelitis, which may result in failure of the implant due to localised bone destruction. Bacterial adhesion and subsequent colonisation of the device may occur as a consequence of contamination during surgery, or by seeding from a distant site through the blood circulation. Coating of the hydroxyapatite (HA) ceramic component of artificial hip joints with the bisphosphonates clodronate (C) and pamidronate (P) has been proposed as a means to minimise osteolysis and thereby prevent loosening of the implant. However, the effect of the bisphosphonate coating on bacterial adhesion to the HA materials must be determined before this approach can be implemented. In this study coated HA materials were incubated with the S. aureus and the number of adherent bacteria determined using the Modified Vortex Device (MVD) method. The number of bacteria adherent to the P coated HA material was significantly greater than that adherent to uncoated HA (60-fold increase) or to the C coated HA (90-fold increase). Therefore, even though earlier studies suggested that P bound to HA may improve osseointegration, the results presented would suggest that the use of this coating may be limited by the potential increased susceptibility of the coated device to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- Bioengineering Unit, Strathclyde University, Wolfson Centre, Glasgow, UK
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Singh NP, Ganguli A, Prakash A. Drug-induced kidney diseases. J Assoc Physicians India 2003; 51:970-9. [PMID: 14719587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Drug-induced kidney disease constitutes an important cause of acute renal failure and chronic kidney disease in present day clinical practice. Different classes of drugs, by virtue of immunological mechanisms or direct toxicity initiate certain stereotyped renal responses. For most patients suffering from drug-induced nephropathy common risk factors which precipitate the adverse effects include: old age, volume -depleted state, pre-existing renal dysfunction and coexisting use of other nephrotoxins. Although it is impossible to present all the drugs causing renal disease, a few prototype drugs are mentioned. In a case of undiagnosed renal disease a possibility of drug-induced renal failure should be kept as the prompt removal of the drug and supportive management can reverse the renal dysfunction to a large extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- N P Singh
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi 110 002
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Ganguli A, Henderson C, Grant MH, Meikle ST, Lloyd AW, Goldie I. The interactions of bisphosphonates in solution and as coatings on hydroxyapatite with osteoblasts. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2002; 13:923-931. [PMID: 15348185 DOI: 10.1023/a:1019892109411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Aseptic loosening is one of the major causes of failure of artificial hip joints, and it can occur for several reasons, including osteolysis of the bone tissue in response to stress shielding or cellular reactions to wear debris. Any treatment of the prosthesis which could minimize the osteolytic response of bone tissue may be able to extend the life-time of the implant. Bisphosphonates are potent inhibitors of osteoclastic bone resorption, and they bind avidly to hydroxyapatite (HA). Coating the prostheses with bisphosphonates may therefore inhibit osteolysis. We have investigated the potential for this approach by determining whether bisphosphonates interact with osteoblasts in vitro. The effects of pamidronate (P), clodronate (C), and etidronate (E) in solution and when coated onto HA were investigated. P inhibited protein and collagen syntheses potently when in solution, but not after being bound to HA. When bound to HA, both P and C increased DNA, protein and collagen syntheses of osteoblasts and may encourage the osseointegration of implants. The pharmacological effects of the bisphosphonates studied altered dramatically after binding to HA. This must be fully investigated before this approach to prolonging prostheses stability can be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- Bioengineering Unit, Strathclyde University, Wolfson Centre, 106 Rottenrow, Glasgow G4 0NW
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Ganguli A, Tripathi AK. Bioremediation of toxic chromium from electroplating effluent by chromate-reducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa A2Chr in two bioreactors. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2002; 58:416-20. [PMID: 11935196 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-001-0871-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2001] [Accepted: 10/12/2001] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The chromate-reducing ability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa A2Chr was compared in batch culture, with cells entrapped in a dialysis sac, and with cells immobilized in an agarose-alginate film in conjunction with a rotating biological contactor. In all three systems, the maximum Cr(VI) reduction occurred at 10 mg Cr(VI)/l. Whereas at 50 mg Cr(VI)/l concentration, only 16% of the total Cr(VI) was reduced, five spikings with 10 mg chromate/l at 2-h intervals led to 96% reduction of the total input of 50 mg Cr(VI)/l. Thus maximum Cr(VI) reduction was achieved by avoiding Cr(VI) toxicity to the cells by respiking with lower Cr(VI) concentrations. At 10 mg Cr(VI)/l, the pattern of chromate reduction in dialysis-entrapped cells was almost similar to that of batch culture and 86% of the bacterially reduced chromium was retained inside the dialysis sac. In electroplating effluent containing 100 mg Cr(VI)/l, however, the amount of Cr(VI) reduced by the cells immobilized in agarose-alginate biofilm was twice and thrice the amount reduced by batch culture and cells entrapped in a dialysis sac, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Nover L, Bharti K, Döring P, Mishra SK, Ganguli A, Scharf KD. Arabidopsis and the heat stress transcription factor world: how many heat stress transcription factors do we need? Cell Stress Chaperones 2001; 6:177-189. [PMID: 11599559 DOI: 10.1379/1466-1268(2001)006<0177:aathst>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequencing of the Arabidopsis genome revealed a unique complexity of the plant heat stress transcription factor (Hsf) family. By structural characteristics and phylogenetic comparison, the 21 representatives are assigned to 3 classes and 14 groups. Particularly striking is the finding of a new class of Hsfs (AtHsfC1) closely related to Hsf1 from rice and to Hsfs identified from frequently found expressed sequence tags of tomato, potato, barley, and soybean. Evidently, this new type of Hsf is well expressed in different plant tissues. Besides the DNA binding and oligomerization domains (HR-A/B region), we identified other functional modules of Arabidopsis Hsfs by sequence comparison with the well-characterized tomato Hsfs. These are putative motifs for nuclear import and export and transcriptional activation (AHA motifs). There is intriguing flexibility of size and sequence in certain parts of the otherwise strongly conserved N-terminal half of these Hsfs. We have speculated about possible exon-intron borders in this region in the ancient precursor gene of plant Hsfs, similar to the exon-intron structure of the present mammalian Hsf-encoding genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nover
- Biocenter of the Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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Nover L, Bharti K, Döring P, Mishra SK, Ganguli A, Scharf KD. Arabidopsis and the heat stress transcription factor world: how many heat stress transcription factors do we need? Cell Stress Chaperones 2001; 6:177-89. [PMID: 11599559 PMCID: PMC434399 DOI: 10.1379/1466-1268(2001)006<0177:aathst>2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2001] [Accepted: 04/11/2001] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequencing of the Arabidopsis genome revealed a unique complexity of the plant heat stress transcription factor (Hsf) family. By structural characteristics and phylogenetic comparison, the 21 representatives are assigned to 3 classes and 14 groups. Particularly striking is the finding of a new class of Hsfs (AtHsfC1) closely related to Hsf1 from rice and to Hsfs identified from frequently found expressed sequence tags of tomato, potato, barley, and soybean. Evidently, this new type of Hsf is well expressed in different plant tissues. Besides the DNA binding and oligomerization domains (HR-A/B region), we identified other functional modules of Arabidopsis Hsfs by sequence comparison with the well-characterized tomato Hsfs. These are putative motifs for nuclear import and export and transcriptional activation (AHA motifs). There is intriguing flexibility of size and sequence in certain parts of the otherwise strongly conserved N-terminal half of these Hsfs. We have speculated about possible exon-intron borders in this region in the ancient precursor gene of plant Hsfs, similar to the exon-intron structure of the present mammalian Hsf-encoding genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nover
- Biocenter of the Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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Nover L, Bharti K, Döring P, Mishra SK, Ganguli A, Scharf KD. Arabidopsis and the heat stress transcription factor world: how many heat stress transcription factors do we need? Cell Stress Chaperones 2001. [PMID: 11599559 DOI: 10.1379/1466-1268(2001)006<0177:aathst<2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sequencing of the Arabidopsis genome revealed a unique complexity of the plant heat stress transcription factor (Hsf) family. By structural characteristics and phylogenetic comparison, the 21 representatives are assigned to 3 classes and 14 groups. Particularly striking is the finding of a new class of Hsfs (AtHsfC1) closely related to Hsf1 from rice and to Hsfs identified from frequently found expressed sequence tags of tomato, potato, barley, and soybean. Evidently, this new type of Hsf is well expressed in different plant tissues. Besides the DNA binding and oligomerization domains (HR-A/B region), we identified other functional modules of Arabidopsis Hsfs by sequence comparison with the well-characterized tomato Hsfs. These are putative motifs for nuclear import and export and transcriptional activation (AHA motifs). There is intriguing flexibility of size and sequence in certain parts of the otherwise strongly conserved N-terminal half of these Hsfs. We have speculated about possible exon-intron borders in this region in the ancient precursor gene of plant Hsfs, similar to the exon-intron structure of the present mammalian Hsf-encoding genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Nover
- Biocenter of the Goethe University, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
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