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Chen CC, Buchheit KM, Lee PY, Brodeur KE, Sohail A, Cho L, Baloh C, Balestrieri B, Derakhshan M, Feng C, Boyce JA, Dwyer D, Laidlaw TM. IL-4Rα signaling promotes barrier-altering oncostatin M and IL-6 production in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024:S0091-6749(24)00453-6. [PMID: 38704098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a severe disease involving dysregulated type 2 inflammation. However, the role other inflammatory pathways play in AERD is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We sought to broadly define the inflammatory milieu of the upper respiratory tract in AERD and to determine the effects of IL-4Rα inhibition on mediators of nasal inflammation. METHODS Twenty-two AERD patients treated with dupilumab for 3 months were followed over 3 visits and compared to 10 healthy controls. Nasal fluid was assessed for 45 cytokines and chemokines using Olink Target 48. Blood neutrophils and cultured human mast cells, monocytes/macrophages, and nasal fibroblasts were assessed for response to IL-4/13 stimulation in vitro. RESULTS Of the nasal fluid cytokines measured, nearly one-third were higher in AERD patients compared to healthy controls, including IL-6 and the IL-6 family-related cytokine oncostatin M (OSM), both of which correlated with nasal albumin levels, a marker of epithelial barrier dysregulation. Dupilumab significantly decreased many nasal mediators, including OSM and IL-6. IL-4 stimulation induced OSM production from mast cells and macrophages, but not from neutrophils, and OSM and IL-13 stimulation induced IL-6 production from nasal fibroblasts. CONCLUSION In addition to type 2 inflammation, innate and IL-6-related cytokines are also elevated in the respiratory tract in AERD. Both OSM and IL-6 are locally produced in nasal polyps and likely promote pathology by negatively affecting epithelial barrier function. IL-4Rα blockade, though seemingly directed at type 2 inflammation, also decreases mediators of innate inflammation and epithelial dysregulation, which may contribute to dupilumab's therapeutic efficacy in AERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongjia C Chen
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts;.
| | - Kathleen M Buchheit
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pui Y Lee
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kailey E Brodeur
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aaqib Sohail
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Laura Cho
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Carolyn Baloh
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Barbara Balestrieri
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mina Derakhshan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Chunli Feng
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Joshua A Boyce
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel Dwyer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Sohail A, Baloh CH, Hacker J, Cho L, Ryan T, Bergmark RW, Lee SE, Maxfield A, Roditi R, Dwyer DF, Buchheit KM, Laidlaw TM. Optimizing cryopreservation of nasal polyp tissue for cellular functional studies and single-cell RNA sequencing. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2024; 14:972-976. [PMID: 37742089 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
KEY POINTS Mast cell numbers were reduced in samples cryopreserved as whole tissue chunks. Thawed epithelial cells had reduced proliferation rates when preserved as dissociated cell suspensions. The right cryopreservation method to choose may depend on the goals and cell-type focus of the project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaqib Sohail
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carolyn H Baloh
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan Hacker
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura Cho
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tessa Ryan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Regan W Bergmark
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stella E Lee
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alice Maxfield
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachel Roditi
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel F Dwyer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kathleen M Buchheit
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Sohail A, Hacker J, Ryan T, McGill A, Bergmark R, Bhattacharyya N, Lee SE, Maxfield A, Roditi R, Julé AM, Griffith A, Lederer J, Laidlaw TM, Buchheit KM. Nasal polyp antibody-secreting cells display proliferation signature in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:527-532. [PMID: 37898408 PMCID: PMC10922123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) causes nasal obstruction and olfactory dysfunction. Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is the triad of CRSwNP, asthma, and respiratory reactions to COX-1 inhibitors. Patients with AERD have elevated nasal IL-5 levels and high numbers of antibody-secreting cells (ASCs), including plasma cells and plasmablasts, in their polyp tissue; in addition, their nasal polyp (NP) IgE levels are correlated with disease severity and recurrence of nasal polyposis. OBJECTIVE We sought to explore differences in the transcriptomic profile, activation markers, and IL-5Rα expression and function of NP ASCs from patients with AERD and CRSwNP. METHODS NP tissue was collected from patients with AERD and CRSwNP and digested into single-cell suspensions. NP cells were analyzed for protein expression by mass cytometry. For IL-5Rα functional studies, plasma cells were purified and cultured in vitro with or without IL-5 and analyzed by bulk RNA sequencing. RESULTS Compared with polyp tissue from patients with CRSwNP, polyp tissue from patients with AERD contained significantly more ASCs and had increased ASC expression of IL-5Rα. ASCs from patients with AERD expressed higher protein levels of B-cell activation and regulatory markers (CD40, CD19, CD32, and CD38) and the proliferation marker Ki-67. ASCs from patients with AERD also expressed more IL5RA, IGHE, and cell cycle- and proliferation-related transcripts (CCND2, MKI67, CDC25A, and CDC25B) than did ASCs from patients with CRSwNP. Stimulation of plasma cells from patients with AERD with IL-5 induced key cell cycle genes (CCND2 and PTP4A3), whereas IL-5 stimulation of ASCs from patients with CRSwNP induced few transcriptomic changes. CONCLUSION NP tissue ASCs from patients with AERD express higher levels of functional IL-5Rα and markers associated with cell cycling and proliferation than do ASCs from patients with aspirin-tolerant CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaqib Sohail
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Jonathan Hacker
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Tessa Ryan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Alanna McGill
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Regan Bergmark
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Neil Bhattacharyya
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Division of Otolaryngology, Boston, Mass; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Stella E Lee
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Alice Maxfield
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Rachel Roditi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Amélie M Julé
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Alec Griffith
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - James Lederer
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Kathleen M Buchheit
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass.
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Ammara A, Sobia A, Nureen Z, Sohail A, Abid S, Aziz T, Nahaa MA, Rewaa SJ, Ahellah MJ, Nouf SAA, Nehad AS, Manal YS, Amnah AA, Majid A, Abdulhakeem SA, Anas SD, Saad A. Revolutionizing the effect of Azadirachta indica extracts on edema induced changes in C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 in albino rats: in silico and in vivo approach. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:5951-5963. [PMID: 37458623 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202307_32947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study is to determine the in vivo and in silico anti-inflammatory effect of Azadirachta indica (A. indica) in carrageenan-induced rats and its blood biomarkers. A. indica (Neem) is a widely used medicinal plant across the world, especially in Pakistan. Neem leaves have been traditionally used for the synthesis of drugs and treatment of a wide variety of diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, sixty albino rats (160-200 g) were divided into 4 groups: control (group I), standard (group II), ethanolic and aqueous (group III and IV) at doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg. RESULTS Ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed maximum inhibition in paw size at the 5th hour (400 mg/kg). Similarly, biomarkers measured, including Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein, exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity at the highest dose of 400 mg/kg in both experimental groups but were more distinct in the group treated with ethanolic extracts. Correlation between C-reactive protein (CRP) and inter-leukin-6 (IL-6) showed positive correlation in group III, while negative in group IV. Similarly, positive and negative correlations were observed between CRP biomarkers and paw size in group III and IV, and the same results were also shown in the case of IL-6 and paw size. In molecular docking, the binding energy value of protein CRP and IL-1β with the identified ligands quercetin and nimbosterol showed (-8.2 kcal/mol and -7.7 kcal/mol) the best binding affinity as compared to standard drug diclofenac with -7.0 kcal/mol binding energy respectively. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, in silico and in vivo analysis revealed that the extracts of A. indica leaves can be used as an effective drug to manage inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ammara
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
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Khan RU, Khan M, Sohail A, Ullah R, Iqbal A, Ahmad B, Khan IU, Tariq A, Ahmad M, Said A, Ullah S, Ali A, Rahman MU, Zaman A, Bilal H. Efficacy of pentamidine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles as a novel drug delivery system for Leishmania tropica. Trop Biomed 2022; 39:511-517. [PMID: 36602209 DOI: 10.47665/tb.39.4.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study compares the in vitro effects of nanoparticles loaded pentamidine drug and conventional pentamidine on Leishmania tropica. Herein, pentamidine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PTN-CNPs) have been synthesized through an ionic gelation method with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). Next, the physical characteristics of PTN-CNPs were determined through the surface texture, zeta potential, in vitro drug release, drug loading content (DLC), and encapsulation efficacy (EE) and compared its efficacy with free pentamidine (PTN) drug against promastigotes and axenic amastigotes forms of L. tropica in vitro. The PTN-CNPs displayed a spherical shape having a size of 88 nm, an almost negative surface charge (-3.09 mV), EE for PTN entrapment of 86%, and in vitro drug release of 92% after 36 h. In vitro antileishmanial activity of PTN-CNPs and free PTN was performed against Leishmania tropica KWH23 promastigote and axenic amastigote using 3-(4, 5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyletetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. It was observed that the effect of PTN-CNPs and free PTN on both forms of the parasite was dose and time dependent. Free PTN presented low efficacy even at higher dose (40 µg/ml) with 25.6 ± 1.3 and 26.5 ±1.4 mean viability rate of the promastigotes and axenic amastigotes, respectively after 72 hrs incubation. While PTN-CNPs showed strong antileishmanial effects on both forms of parasite with 16 ± 0.4 and 19 ± 0.7 mean viability rate at the same higher concentration (40 µg/ml) after 72 hrs incubation. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of PTN-CNPs toward promastigotes and amastigotes were obtained as 0.1375 µg/ml and 0.1910 µg/ml, respectively. In conclusion, PTN-CNPs effectively inhibited both forms of the L. tropica; however, its effect was more salient on promastigotes. This data indicates that the PTN-CNPs act as a target drug delivery system. However, further research is needed to support its efficacy in animal and human CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- R U Khan
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M Khan
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Sohail
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - R Ullah
- Department of Dairy Technology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - A Iqbal
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - B Ahmad
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, MNS University of Agriculture Multan, Punjab, 25000, Pakistan
| | - I U Khan
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - A Tariq
- Directorate of Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Ahmad
- Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-E Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A Said
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Hazara University Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - A Ali
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M U Rahman
- Institute of Pathology and Diagnostic Medicine, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A Zaman
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - H Bilal
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Sohail A, Iqbal AA, Sahini N, Chen F, Tantawy M, Waqas SFH, Winterhoff M, Ebensen T, Schultz K, Geffers R, Schughart K, Preusse M, Shehata M, Bähre H, Pils MC, Guzman CA, Mostafa A, Pleschka S, Falk C, Michelucci A, Pessler F. Correction: Itaconate and derivatives reduce interferon responses and inflammation in influenza A virus infection. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1011002. [PMID: 36445861 PMCID: PMC9707742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010219.].
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Prielhofer R, Lindner C, Sohail A, Reininger M, Graumann K. Development of Scalable Stem Cell Cultivation Processes in Bioreactors. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202255185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - C. Lindner
- Phoenestra GmbH Hafenstr. 47–51 4020 Linz Austria
| | - A. Sohail
- Phoenestra GmbH Hafenstr. 47–51 4020 Linz Austria
| | - M. Reininger
- Phoenestra GmbH Hafenstr. 47–51 4020 Linz Austria
| | - K. Graumann
- Phoenestra GmbH Hafenstr. 47–51 4020 Linz Austria
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Buchheit KM, Sohail A, Hacker J, Maurer R, Gakpo D, Bensko JC, Taliaferro F, Ordovas-Montanes J, Laidlaw TM. Rapid and sustained effect of dupilumab on clinical and mechanistic outcomes in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:415-424. [PMID: 35460728 PMCID: PMC9378638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dupilumab, a mAb targeting IL-4Rα, improves upper and lower airway symptoms in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), but the mechanisms leading to clinical improvement are not fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to identify the mechanistic basis of clinical improvement in patients with AERD treated with dupilumab. METHODS A total of 22 patients with AERD were treated with dupilumab for 3 months for severe asthma and/or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Clinical outcomes were assessed at baseline and at 1 and 3 months after initiation of dupilumab. Nasal fluid, urine, blood, and inferior turbinate scrapings were collected at the 3 time points for determination of mediator levels, cellular assays, and RNA sequencing. RESULTS Participants had rapid improvement in clinical measures, including sense of smell, sinonasal symptoms, and lung function after 1 month of treatment with dupilumab; the improvements were sustained after 3 months of dupilumab. Baseline severity of smell loss was correlated with lower nasal prostaglandin E2 levels. Dupilumab increased nasal prostaglandin E2 level and decreased levels of nasal albumin, nasal and urinary leukotriene E4, and serum and nasal IgE. Transcripts related to epithelial dysfunction and leukocyte activation and migration were downregulated in inferior turbinate tissue after treatment with dupilumab. There were no dupilumab-induced changes in nasal eosinophilia. CONCLUSION Inhibition of IL-4Rα in AERD led to rapid improvement in respiratory symptoms and smell, with a concomitant improvement in epithelial barrier function, a decrease in inflammatory eicosanoid levels, and an increase in the anti-inflammatory eicosanoid prostaglandin E2 level. The therapeutic effects of dupilumab are likely due to decreased IL-4Rα signaling on respiratory tissue granulocytes, epithelial cells, and B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Buchheit
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Aaqib Sohail
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Jonathan Hacker
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Rie Maurer
- Center for Clinical Investigation, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Deborah Gakpo
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Jillian C Bensko
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Faith Taliaferro
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass
| | - Jose Ordovas-Montanes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Mass; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass.
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Waqas SFUH, Sohail A, Nguyen AHH, Usman A, Ludwig T, Wegner A, Malik MNH, Schuchardt S, Geffers R, Winterhoff M, Merkert S, Martin U, Olmer R, Lachmann N, Pessler F. ISG15 deficiency features a complex cellular phenotype that responds to treatment with itaconate and derivatives. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e931. [PMID: 35842904 PMCID: PMC9288839 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital ISG15 deficiency is a rare autoinflammatory disorder that is driven by chronically elevated systemic interferon levels and predominantly affects central nervous system and skin. Methods and results We have developed induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived macrophages and endothelial cells as a model to study the cellular phenotype of ISG15 deficiency and identify novel treatments. ISG15–/– macrophages exhibited the expected hyperinflammatory responses, but normal phagocytic function. In addition, they displayed a multifaceted pathological phenotype featuring increased apoptosis/pyroptosis, oxidative stress, glycolysis, and acylcarnitine levels, but decreased glutamine uptake, BCAT1 expression, branched chain amino acid catabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, β‐oxidation, and NAD(P)H‐dependent oxidoreductase activity. Furthermore, expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and respiratory chain complexes II–V was diminished in ISG15–/– cells. Defective mitochondrial respiration was restored by transduction with wild‐type ISG15, but only partially by a conjugation‐deficient variant, suggesting that some ISG15 functions in mitochondrial respiration require ISGylation to cellular targets. Treatment with itaconate, dimethyl‐itaconate, 4‐octyl‐itaconate, and the JAK1/2 inhibitor ruxolitinib ameliorated increased inflammation, propensity for cell death, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the treatments greatly improved mitochondria‐related gene expression, BCAT1 levels, redox balance, and intracellular and extracellular ATP levels. However, efficacy differed among the compounds according to read‐out and cell type, suggesting that their effects on cellular targets are not identical. Indeed, only itaconates increased expression of anti‐oxidant genes NFE2L2, HMOX1, and GPX7, and dimethyl‐itaconate improved redox balance the most. Even though itaconate treatments normalized the elevated expression of interferon‐stimulated genes, ISG15–/– macrophages maintained their reduced susceptibility to influenza virus infection. Conclusions These findings expand the cellular phenotype of human ISG15 deficiency and reveal the importance of ISG15 for regulating oxidative stress, branched chain amino acid metabolism, and mitochondrial function in humans. The results validate ruxolitinib as treatment for ISG15 deficiency and suggest itaconate‐based medications as additional therapeutics for this rare disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Fakhar-Ul-Hassnain Waqas
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Aaqib Sohail
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Current affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ariane Hai Ha Nguyen
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Abdulai Usman
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Ludwig
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andre Wegner
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Muhammad Nasir Hayat Malik
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sven Schuchardt
- Department of Bio and Environmental Analytics, Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Moritz Winterhoff
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sylvia Merkert
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Martin
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Ruth Olmer
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Nico Lachmann
- Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery (HTTG), REBIRTH-Research Center for Translational and Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Pessler
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE, Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany.,Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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10
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Sohail A, Iqbal AA, Sahini N, Chen F, Tantawy M, Waqas SF, Winterhoff M, Ebensen T, Schultz K, Geffers R, Schughart K, Preusse M, Shehata M, Bähre H, Pils MC, Guzman CA, Mostafa A, Pleschka S, Falk C, Michelucci A, Pessler F. Itaconate and derivatives reduce interferon responses and inflammation in influenza A virus infection. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010219. [PMID: 35025971 PMCID: PMC8846506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive inflammation is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in many viral infections including influenza. Therefore, there is a need for therapeutic interventions that dampen and redirect inflammatory responses and, ideally, exert antiviral effects. Itaconate is an immunomodulatory metabolite which also reprograms cell metabolism and inflammatory responses when applied exogenously. We evaluated effects of endogenous itaconate and exogenous application of itaconate and its variants dimethyl- and 4-octyl-itaconate (DI, 4OI) on host responses to influenza A virus (IAV). Infection induced expression of ACOD1, the enzyme catalyzing itaconate synthesis, in monocytes and macrophages, which correlated with viral replication and was abrogated by DI and 4OI treatment. In IAV-infected mice, pulmonary inflammation and weight loss were greater in Acod1-/- than in wild-type mice, and DI treatment reduced pulmonary inflammation and mortality. The compounds reversed infection-triggered interferon responses and modulated inflammation in human cells supporting non-productive and productive infection, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and in human lung tissue. All three itaconates reduced ROS levels and STAT1 phosphorylation, whereas AKT phosphorylation was reduced by 4OI and DI but increased by itaconate. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified monocytes as the main target of infection and the exclusive source of ACOD1 mRNA in peripheral blood. DI treatment silenced IFN-responses predominantly in monocytes, but also in lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Ectopic synthesis of itaconate in A549 cells, which do not physiologically express ACOD1, reduced infection-driven inflammation, and DI reduced IAV- and IFNγ-induced CXCL10 expression in murine macrophages independent of the presence of endogenous ACOD1. The compounds differed greatly in their effects on cellular gene homeostasis and released cytokines/chemokines, but all three markedly reduced release of the pro-inflammatory chemokines CXCL10 (IP-10) and CCL2 (MCP-1). Viral replication did not increase under treatment despite the dramatically repressed IFN responses. In fact, 4OI strongly inhibited viral transcription in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and the compounds reduced viral titers (4OI>Ita>DI) in A549 cells whereas viral transcription was unaffected. Taken together, these results reveal itaconates as immunomodulatory and antiviral interventions for influenza virus infection. Interferon responses are part of the primary host defenses against infections. However, excessive inflammation is often a major factor in severe disease or even death in respiratory infections such as influenza, as it can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis-like multiorgan involvement. We applied itaconate and chemically modified versions of it (which enter cells more efficiently and can be applied at lower doses) to influenza A virus-infected human cells and lung tissue and found that these compounds markedly repress interferon responses and some pro-inflammatory processes without increasing viral replication. In fact, 4-octyl itaconate greatly decreased viral RNA replication in peripheral blood, and itaconate and 4-octyl itaconate reduced production of infectious virus in a human lung cell line. By analyzing gene expression patterns of single mononuclear cells in peripheral blood, we found that the virus infects predominantly monocytes and that these cells are the only source of ACOD1, the enzyme that synthesizes itaconate in humans. In a mouse model of influenza A virus infection, dimethyl-itaconate prevented lung inflammation and improved survival. Thus, our results suggest that novel medications based on itaconate promise to be effective treatments for influenza because they reduce deleterious inflammation and potentially also limit viral spread in the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaqib Sohail
- Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Azeem A. Iqbal
- Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nishika Sahini
- Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mohamed Tantawy
- Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- Hormones Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
- Stem Cells Lab, Center of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Syed F.H. Waqas
- Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Moritz Winterhoff
- Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Ebensen
- Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Kristin Schultz
- Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klaus Schughart
- Infection Genetics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Matthias Preusse
- Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Mahmoud Shehata
- Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heike Bähre
- Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marina C. Pils
- Mouse Pathology Platform, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Carlos A. Guzman
- Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Stephan Pleschka
- Institute for Medical Virology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) partner site Giessen, Germany
| | - Christine Falk
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alessandro Michelucci
- Neuro-Immunology Group, Department of Cancer Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health (LIH), Luxembourg
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Frank Pessler
- Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- TWINCORE Centre for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
- Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail: , frank.pesslerwincore.de
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11
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Buchheit KM, Lewis E, Gakpo D, Hacker J, Sohail A, Taliaferro F, Berreondo Giron E, Asare C, Vukovic M, Bensko JC, Dwyer DF, Shalek AK, Ordovas-Montanes J, Laidlaw TM. Mepolizumab targets multiple immune cells in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:574-584. [PMID: 34144111 PMCID: PMC9096876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic asthma and nasal polyposis are hallmarks of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and IL-5 inhibition has been shown to provide therapeutic benefit. However, IL-5Rα is expressed on many cells in addition to eosinophils, and the mechanisms by which IL-5 inhibition leads to clinical benefit in eosinophilic asthma and nasal polyposis are unlikely to be due exclusively to antieosinophil effects. OBJECTIVE We sought to identify the mechanisms by which anti-IL-5 treatment with mepolizumab improves respiratory inflammation in AERD. METHODS The clinical characteristics, circulating granulocytes, nasal scraping transcripts, eosinophilic cationic protein, tryptase, and antibody levels, and urinary and nasal eicosanoid levels were measured for 18 subjects with AERD who were taking mepolizumab and compared with those of 18 matched subjects with AERD who were not taking mepolizumab. RESULTS Subjects taking mepolizumab had significantly fewer peripheral blood eosinophils and basophils, and those cells that remained had higher surface CRTH2 expression than did the cells from subjects not taking mepolizumab. Nasal prostaglandin F2α, prostaglandin D2 metabolites, leukotriene B4, and thromboxane levels were lower in subjects taking mepolizumab, as were urinary levels of tetranor-prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene E4. The nasal epithelial cell transcripts that were overexpressed among subjects with AERD who were taking mepolizumab were enriched for genes involved in tight junction formation and cilium organization. Nasal and urinary prostaglandin E2, tryptase, and antibody levels were not different between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION IL-5 inhibition in AERD decreases production of inflammatory eicosanoids and upregulates tight junction-associated nasal epithelial cell transcripts, likely due to decreased IL-5 signaling on tissue mast cells, eosinophils, and epithelial cells. These direct effects on multiple relevant immune cells contribute to the mechanism of benefit afforded by mepolizumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Buchheit
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Erin Lewis
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Deborah Gakpo
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Jonathan Hacker
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Aaqib Sohail
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Faith Taliaferro
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass
| | | | - Chelsea Asare
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Marko Vukovic
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Mass
| | - Jillian C Bensko
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Daniel F Dwyer
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Alex K Shalek
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass; Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass; Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Department of Chemistry, and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, MIT, Cambridge, Mass; Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology, Cambridge, Mass
| | - Jose Ordovas-Montanes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass; Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Mass
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass.
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12
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Buchheit KM, Hacker JJ, Gakpo DH, Mullur J, Sohail A, Laidlaw TM. Influence of daily aspirin therapy on ACE2 expression and function-implications for SARS-CoV-2 and patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:968-971. [PMID: 33987897 PMCID: PMC8239915 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Buchheit
- Department of Medicine, The Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonathan J Hacker
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Deborah H Gakpo
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jyotsna Mullur
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aaqib Sohail
- Department of Medicine, The Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tanya M Laidlaw
- Department of Medicine, The Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Loong L, Ponnampalavanar S, Lai P, Syed Omar S, Sohail A, Wong P, Ong HC, Kukreja A, Ng R, Tan L, Tan C, Lee C, Lim K, Thursky K, James R. Antimicrobial prescribing trends and appropriateness in a tertiary teaching hospital in Malaysia. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Sohail MU, Yassine HM, Sohail A, Al Thani AA. Impact of Physical Exercise on Gut Microbiome, Inflammation, and the Pathobiology of Metabolic Disorders. Rev Diabet Stud 2019; 15:35-48. [PMID: 31380886 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2019.15.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) harbors a complex and diverse microbial composition that outnumbers our own body cells and their gene contents. These microbes play a significant role in host metabolism and energy homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that the GIT microbiome significantly contributes to host health and that impairments in the microbiome may cause the development of metabolic diseases. The microbiome architecture is shaped by several genetic and environmental factors, including nutrition and physical activity. Physical exercise has preventive or therapeutic effects in respiratory, cardiovascular, neuroendocrine, and muscular diseases. Yet, we still have little information of the beneficial effects of physical exercise on GIT health and microbial composition. Furthermore, we are not aware whether exercise-derived benefits on microbiome diversity can beneficially influence other tissues and body organs. OBJECTIVES The aim of this article is to review the available literature on exercise-induced microbiome changes and to explain how these changes may induce inflammatory, immune, and oxidative responses that may contribute to the improvement of metabolic disorders. METHODS A systemic and comprehensive search of the relevant literature using MEDLINE and Google Scholar databases was conducted during fall 2018 and spring 2019. The search identified sixty-two research and review articles that discussed exercise-induced microbiome changes. RESULTS The review of the relevant literature suggests that exercise-induced microbial changes affect the host's immune pathways and improve energy homeostasis. Microbes release certain neuroendocrine and immune-modulatory factors that may lower inflammatory and oxidative stress and relieve patients suffering from metabolic disorders. CONCLUSIONS Exercise-induced changes in microbial diversity are able to improve tissue metabolism, cardiorespiratory fitness, and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad U Sohail
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aaqib Sohail
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE Centre for Clinical and Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Asmaa A Al Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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15
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Mehmood S, Khan A, Bilal M, Sohail A, Iqbal H. Aptamer-based biosensors: a novel toolkit for early diagnosis of cancer. Materials Today Chemistry 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mtchem.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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16
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Choudhry A, Younis M, Sohail A, Choudhry A, Abd-rabu R, Crye M, Green R, Wallen J. Medical Malpractice in Bronchoscopy: Failure to Diagnose and Treat Remains the Top Reason for Litigation. A72. ADVANCES IN INTERVENTIONAL PULMONARY 2019. [DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a2363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.J. Choudhry
- Surgery, SUNY Upstate University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - M. Younis
- Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - A. Sohail
- Medicine, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A. Choudhry
- Medicine, Capital health, Trenton, NJ, United States
| | - R. Abd-rabu
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - M. Crye
- Surgery, SUNY Upstate University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - R. Green
- Surgery, SUNY Upstate University, Syracuse, NY, United States
| | - J. Wallen
- Surgery, SUNY Upstate University, Syracuse, NY, United States
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17
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Majeed A, Latif A, Kapoor V, Sohail A, Florita C, Georgescu A, Zangeneh T. Resistant Cytomegalovirus Infection in Solid-organ Transplantation: Single-center Experience, Literature Review of Risk Factors, and Proposed Preventive Strategies. Transplant Proc 2018; 50:3756-3762. [PMID: 30586840 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2018.02.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection causes morbidity and mortality in solid-organ transplant recipients. Drug-resistant CMV is an emerging problem with poor survival outcomes and limited therapeutic options. In this study we comprehensively address the issue of drug resistance in CMV when compared with standard therapies, such as ganciclovir (GCV) and foscarnet. METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of adult patients diagnosed with CMV after solid-organ transplant at our center between 2013 and 2017, and identified 7 resistant CMV cases. To study risk factors in the published literature, we performed an extensive database search. RESULTS All patients had documented UL97 mutations, and 3 patients harbored both UL97 and UL54 mutations. For cases with increasing viral load or failure to achieve clinical improvement despite optimal therapy, genetic resistance testing was carried out. Patients received GCV and foscarnet combination therapy. As an adjunct, CMV immunoglobulin, cidofovir, and leflunomide were added. Risk factors, including donor+/recipient- serostatus, persistent high viral replication, prolonged therapeutic GCV exposure (>2.5 months), and allograft rejection, were assessed. CONCLUSION Patients at risk, especially those with D+/R- serostatus, should be judiciously monitored for resistance. Prolonged intravenous GCV exposure increases the risk for development of drug resistance. Therefore, precise guidelines are required for prevention of long-term GCV/VGCV exposure. Investigation regarding interferon-gamma release assay and adoptive transfer of T cells in diagnosed CMV patients is warranted to improve future prophylactic and management strategies against CMV, with a potential to reduce the requirement for available toxic antiviral drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Majeed
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
| | - A Latif
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - V Kapoor
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - A Sohail
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - C Florita
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - A Georgescu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - T Zangeneh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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18
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Loof TG, Sohail A, Bahgat MM, Tallam A, Arshad H, Akmatov MK, Pils MC, Heise U, Beineke A, Pessler F. Early Lymphocyte Loss and Increased Granulocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Systemic Spread of Streptococcus pyogenes in a Mouse Model of Acute Skin Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:101. [PMID: 29707522 PMCID: PMC5906586 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Group A streptococci may induce lymphopenia, but the value of lymphocyte loss as early biomarkers for systemic spread and severe infection has not been examined systematically. Methods: We evaluated peripheral blood cell indices as biomarkers for severity and spread of infection in a mouse model of Streptococcus pyogenes skin infection, using two isolates of greatly differing virulence. Internal organs were examined histologically. Results: After subcutaneous inoculation, strain AP1 disseminated rapidly to peripheral blood and internal organs, causing frank sepsis. In contrast, seeding of internal organs by 5448 was mild, this strain could not be isolated from blood, and infection remained mostly localized to skin. Histopathologic examination of liver revealed microvesicular fatty change (steatosis) in AP1 infection, and examination of spleen showed elevated apoptosis and blurring of the white pulp/red pulp border late (40 h post infection) in AP1 infection. Both strains caused profound lymphopenia, but lymphocyte loss was more rapid early in AP1 infection, and lymphocyte count at 6 h post infection was the most accurate early marker for AP1 infection (area under the receiver operator curve [AUC] = 0.93), followed by the granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio (AUC = 0.89). Conclusions: The results suggest that virulence of S. pyogenes correlates with the degree of early lymphopenia and underscore the value of peripheral blood indices to predict severity of bacterial infections in mice. Early lymphopenia and elevated granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio merit further investigation as biomarkers for systemic spread of S. pyogenes skin infections in humans and, possibly, related pyogenic streptococci in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten G Loof
- Research Group Infection Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Aaqib Sohail
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE Centre for Clinical and Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mahmoud M Bahgat
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE Centre for Clinical and Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Aravind Tallam
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE Centre for Clinical and Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Haroon Arshad
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE Centre for Clinical and Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Manas K Akmatov
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE Centre for Clinical and Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marina C Pils
- Mouse Pathology, Animal Experimental Unit, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Heise
- Mouse Pathology, Animal Experimental Unit, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Beineke
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Pessler
- Research Group Biomarkers for Infectious Diseases, TWINCORE Centre for Clinical and Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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19
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Sair A, Masud T, Sohail A, Rafique A. Microbiological variation amongst fresh and minimally processed vegetables from retail establishers - a public health study in Pakistan. Food Res 2017. [DOI: 10.26656/fr.2017.6.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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20
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Sohail M, Hume M, Byrd J, Nisbet D, Ijaz A, Sohail A, Shabbir M, Rehman H. Effect of supplementation of prebiotic mannan-oligosaccharides and probiotic mixture on growth performance of broilers subjected to chronic heat stress. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2235-40. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Imran MA, Sohail A, Shahid N. EXACT SOLUTIONS FOR OSCILLATING MOTION OF A SECOND-GRADE FLUID ALONG AN EDGE WITH MIXED BOUNDARY CONDITIONS. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2011.636849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Ames H, Mingolla E, Sohail A, Chandler B, Gorchetchnikov A, Leveille J, Livitz G, Versace M. The Animat: New Frontiers in Whole Brain Modeling. IEEE Pulse 2012; 3:47-50. [DOI: 10.1109/mpul.2011.2175638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Bhatti S, Aman-ur-Rehman A, Sohail A, Randhawa I, Hyder S. 6611 Hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective analysis of 276 cases. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)71332-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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24
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Bautè AV, Sohail A. Renal artery stenosis: clinical picture, frequency, and management. J S C Med Assoc 1998; 94:306-9. [PMID: 9689782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Our review has demonstrated a high prevalence of RAS in the elderly population, particularly the group affected by atherosclerosis, as well as disclosing the potential benefits of early diagnosis, treatments, and the associated morbidity/mortality of each corrective intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Bautè
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia 29208, USA
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Abstract
The BamHI restriction-modification system contains a third gene, bamHIC, which positively regulates bamHIR. Similar small genes from other systems were tested in vivo for their ability to cross-complement. C.BamHI protein was identified, purified, and used to raise polyclonal antibodies. Attempts to detect other C proteins in cell extracts by cross-reactivity with C.BamHI antibodies proved unsuccessful.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Ives
- New England Biolabs, Beverly, Massachusetts 01915, USA
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26
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Abstract
The bamHIC gene, controlling the BamHI restriction-modification (R-M) system can functionally be replaced by providing pvuIIC or smaIC in trans. C.BamHI, the protein product encoded by bamHIC, has been purified and shown to bind a 345-bp DNA fragment within the BamHI R-M system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sohail
- New England Biolabs, Beverly, MA 01915, USA
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27
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Mushtaq R, Naeem S, Sohail A, Riazuddin S. BseRI a novel restriction endonuclease from a Bacillus species which recognizes the sequence 5'...GAGGAG...3'. Nucleic Acids Res 1993; 21:3585. [PMID: 8346041 PMCID: PMC331471 DOI: 10.1093/nar/21.15.3585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R Mushtaq
- National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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28
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Abstract
Deamination of 5-methylcytosine in DNA results in T/G mismatches. If unrepaired, these mismatches can lead to C-to-T transition mutations. The very short patch (VSP) repair process in Escherichia coli counteracts the mutagenic process by repairing the mismatches in favor of the G-containing strand. Previously we have shown that a plasmid containing an 11-kilobase fragment from the E. coli chromosome can complement a chromosomal mutation defective in both cytosine methylation and VSP repair. We have now mapped the regions essential for the two phenotypes. In the process, we have constructed plasmids that complement the chromosomal mutation for methylation, but not for repair, and vice versa. The genes responsible for these phenotypes have been identified by DNA sequence analysis. The gene essential for cytosine methylation, dcm, is predicted to code for a 473-amino-acid protein and is not required for VSP repair. It is similar to other DNA cytosine methylases and shares extensive sequence similarity with its isoschizomer, EcoRII methylase. The segment of DNA essential for VSP repair contains a gene that should code for a 156-amino-acid protein. This gene, named vsr, is not essential for DNA methylation. Remarkably, the 5' end of this gene appears to overlap the 3' end of dcm. The two genes appear to be transcribed from a common promoter but are in different translational registers. This gene arrangement may assure that Vsr is produced along with Dcm and may minimize the mutagenic effects of cytosine methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sohail
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Bhagwat
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202
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30
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Abstract
Three peaks of methyltransferase activity specific for MNNG alkylated DNA have been identified from extracts of chemically adapted M. luteus. They are designated as TI to TIII in order to their elution from a Sephadex G-75 column. The first one of these peaks has been purified to homogeneity. TI, is an inducible, unusually salt resistant, heat labile protein which corrects O6-methylguanine in alkylated DNA by the transfer of the O6-alkyl group to a cysteine amino acid in the TI protein. There is a stoichiometric relationship between the loss of O6-methylguanine from the DNA and the production of S-methylcysteine. Partially purified TII & TIII proteins show specificity for O4-alkylthymine and methyl phosphotriesters respectively. The mode of repair by the isolated methyltransferases is similar yet there is no competition for substrate specificity. The apparent molecular weights of TI, TII & TIII proteins are 31Kd, 22Kd, and 13Kd respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Riazuddin
- Centre for Advanced Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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31
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Abstract
Five peaks of DNA glycosylase activity showing a preference for MNNG alkylated DNA have been identified from extracts of adapted M. luteus. They are numerically designated as GI to GV in order of their decreasing molecular weights. The first two of these peaks have been highly purified. GI, is a constitutive heat labile protein, 35% stimulated by the presence of 50 mM NaCl, acts exclusively on 3 MeA residues in alkylated DNA, 60-70% inhibited by the presence of 2 mM free 3MeA and has been designated as 3MeA DNA glycosylase enzyme. GII, which is an inducible protein, is heat stable, 28% inhibited by the presence of 50 mM NaCl, removes 3MeA, 3MeG, 7MeA & 7MeG with different efficiency, and has been designated as 3,7 methylpurine DNA glycosylase enzyme. The rate of release of 3 methylpurines is 30 times that of 7MeG. There is no activity of either enzyme on O2-MeC, O2-MeT, O4-MeT or O6-MeG. The apparent molecular weights of GI and GII proteins are 28 Kd and 22 Kd respectively.
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32
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Abstract
The dcm locus of Escherichia coli K-12 has been shown to code for a methylase that methylates the second cytosine within the sequence 5'-CC(A/T)GG-3'. This sequence is also recognized by the EcoRII restriction-modification system coded by the E. coli plasmid N3. The methylase within the EcoRII system methylates the same cytosine as the dcm protein. We have isolated, from a library of E. coli K-12 DNA, two overlapping clones that carry the dcm locus. We show that the two clones carry overlapping sequences that are present in a dcm+ strain, but are absent in a delta dcm strain. We also show that the cloned gene codes for a methylase, that it complements mutations in the EcoRII methylase, and that it protects EcoRII recognition sites from cleavage by the EcoRII endonuclease. We found no phage restriction activity associated with the dcm clones.
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