1
|
Hmood AA, Feki A, Eleroui M, Kammoun I, Kallel R, Boudawara T, Hakim A, Hilali A, Hassouni AO, Suleiman AAJ, Amara IB. Biological activities and wound healing potential of a water-soluble polysaccharide isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra in Wistar rat. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e265447. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.265447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activities and the in vivo wound healing performance of a polysaccharide isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra named PSG. It was structurally characterized by Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, which confirmed the presence of different polysaccharides functional bands. The antioxidant capacity of PSG was determined in vitro and evaluated in vivo through the examination of wound healing capacity. Thirty two rats were randomly divided into four groups: group I was treated with physiological serum (negative control); group II was treated with “CYTOL CENTELLA®”; group III was treated with glycerol and group IV was treated with polysaccharide. The response to treatments was assessed by macroscopic, histologic, and biochemical parameters. Data revealed that our sample exhibited potential antioxidant activities and accelerated significantly the wound healing process, after ten days of treatment, proved by the higher wound appearance scores and a higher content of collagen confirmed by histological examination, when compared with control and “CYTOL CENTELLA®”. Overall, these findings proved that this polysaccharide isolated from Glycyrrhiza glabra could be considered as a natural bioactive polymer for therapeutic process in wound healing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Hmood
- Ministry of Health, Iraq; Université de Sfax, Tunisie
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Morey R, Poling L, Srinivasan S, Martinez-King C, Anyikam A, Zhang-Rutledge K, To C, Hakim A, Mochizuki M, Verma K, Mason A, Tran V, Meads M, Lamale-Smith L, Roeder H, Horii M, Ramos GA, DeHoff P, Parast MM, Pantham P, Laurent LC. Discovery and verification of extracellular microRNA biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic assessment of preeclampsia at triage. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg7545. [PMID: 38117879 PMCID: PMC10732528 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg7545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
We report on the identification of extracellular miRNA (ex-miRNA) biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognosis of preeclampsia (PE). Small RNA sequencing of maternal serum prospectively collected from participants undergoing evaluation for suspected PE revealed distinct patterns of ex-miRNA expression among different categories of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Applying an iterative machine learning method identified three bivariate miRNA biomarkers (miR-522-3p/miR-4732-5p, miR-516a-5p/miR-144-3p, and miR-27b-3p/let-7b-5p) that, when applied serially, distinguished between PE cases of different severity and differentiated cases from controls with a sensitivity of 93%, specificity of 79%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 55%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 89%. In a small independent validation cohort, these ex-miRNA biomarkers had a sensitivity of 91% and specificity of 57%. Combining these ex-miRNA biomarkers with the established sFlt1:PlGF protein biomarker ratio performed better than either set of biomarkers alone (sensitivity of 89.4%, specificity of 91.3%, PPV of 95.5%, and NPV of 80.8%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Morey
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lara Poling
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Srimeenakshi Srinivasan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Carolina Martinez-King
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adanna Anyikam
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kathy Zhang-Rutledge
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cuong To
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marina Mochizuki
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kajal Verma
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Antoinette Mason
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vy Tran
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Morgan Meads
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leah Lamale-Smith
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hilary Roeder
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mariko Horii
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gladys A. Ramos
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter DeHoff
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mana M. Parast
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Priyadarshini Pantham
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Louise C. Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Matteson NL, Hassler GW, Kurzban E, Schwab MA, Perkins SA, Gangavarapu K, Levy JI, Parker E, Pride D, Hakim A, De Hoff P, Cheung W, Castro-Martinez A, Rivera A, Veder A, Rivera A, Wauer C, Holmes J, Wilson J, Ngo SN, Plascencia A, Lawrence ES, Smoot EW, Eisner ER, Tsai R, Chacón M, Baer NA, Seaver P, Salido RA, Aigner S, Ngo TT, Barber T, Ostrander T, Fielding-Miller R, Simmons EH, Zazueta OE, Serafin-Higuera I, Sanchez-Alavez M, Moreno-Camacho JL, García-Gil A, Murphy Schafer AR, McDonald E, Corrigan J, Malone JD, Stous S, Shah S, Moshiri N, Weiss A, Anderson C, Aceves CM, Spencer EG, Hufbauer EC, Lee JJ, King AJ, Ramesh KS, Nguyen KN, Saucedo K, Robles-Sikisaka R, Fisch KM, Gonias SL, Birmingham A, McDonald D, Karthikeyan S, Martin NK, Schooley RT, Negrete AJ, Reyna HJ, Chavez JR, Garcia ML, Cornejo-Bravo JM, Becker D, Isaksson M, Washington NL, Lee W, Garfein RS, Luna-Ruiz Esparza MA, Alcántar-Fernández J, Henson B, Jepsen K, Olivares-Flores B, Barrera-Badillo G, Lopez-Martínez I, Ramírez-González JE, Flores-León R, Kingsmore SF, Sanders A, Pradenas A, White B, Matthews G, Hale M, McLawhon RW, Reed SL, Winbush T, McHardy IH, Fielding RA, Nicholson L, Quigley MM, Harding A, Mendoza A, Bakhtar O, Browne SH, Olivas Flores J, Rincon Rodríguez DG, Gonzalez Ibarra M, Robles Ibarra LC, Arellano Vera BJ, Gonzalez Garcia J, Harvey-Vera A, Knight R, Laurent LC, Yeo GW, Wertheim JO, Ji X, Worobey M, Suchard MA, Andersen KG, Campos-Romero A, Wohl S, Zeller M. Genomic surveillance reveals dynamic shifts in the connectivity of COVID-19 epidemics. Cell 2023; 186:5690-5704.e20. [PMID: 38101407 PMCID: PMC10795731 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The maturation of genomic surveillance in the past decade has enabled tracking of the emergence and spread of epidemics at an unprecedented level. During the COVID-19 pandemic, for example, genomic data revealed that local epidemics varied considerably in the frequency of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) lineage importation and persistence, likely due to a combination of COVID-19 restrictions and changing connectivity. Here, we show that local COVID-19 epidemics are driven by regional transmission, including across international boundaries, but can become increasingly connected to distant locations following the relaxation of public health interventions. By integrating genomic, mobility, and epidemiological data, we find abundant transmission occurring between both adjacent and distant locations, supported by dynamic mobility patterns. We find that changing connectivity significantly influences local COVID-19 incidence. Our findings demonstrate a complex meaning of "local" when investigating connected epidemics and emphasize the importance of collaborative interventions for pandemic prevention and mitigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel W Hassler
- Department of Computational Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ezra Kurzban
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Madison A Schwab
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sarah A Perkins
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karthik Gangavarapu
- Department of Biomathematics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joshua I Levy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edyth Parker
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Pride
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Anelizze Castro-Martinez
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Rivera
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anthony Veder
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ariana Rivera
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra Wauer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Holmes
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jedediah Wilson
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shayla N Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Plascencia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elijah S Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth W Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily R Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Tsai
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisol Chacón
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathan A Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Phoebe Seaver
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rodolfo A Salido
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Toan T Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tom Barber
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Oscar E Zazueta
- Department of Epidemiology, Secretaria de Salud de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | | | - Manuel Sanchez-Alavez
- Centro de Diagnostico COVID-19 UABC, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico; Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Abraham García-Gil
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Salud Digna, A.C, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | | | - Eric McDonald
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Corrigan
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - John D Malone
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Stous
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Seema Shah
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Niema Moshiri
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alana Weiss
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Catelyn Anderson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christine M Aceves
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily G Spencer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emory C Hufbauer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Justin J Lee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alison J King
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karthik S Ramesh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kelly N Nguyen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kieran Saucedo
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Kathleen M Fisch
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven L Gonias
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Birmingham
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Smruthi Karthikeyan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Natasha K Martin
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert T Schooley
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Agustin J Negrete
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Valle de Las Palmas, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Horacio J Reyna
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Valle de Las Palmas, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Jose R Chavez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Valle de Las Palmas, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Maria L Garcia
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Valle de Las Palmas, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Jose M Cornejo-Bravo
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas e Ingenieria, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Richard S Garfein
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Benjamin Henson
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Beatriz Olivares-Flores
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Gisela Barrera-Badillo
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Irma Lopez-Martínez
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - José E Ramírez-González
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Rita Flores-León
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos (InDRE), Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | | | - Alison Sanders
- Return to Learn, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Allorah Pradenas
- Return to Learn, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin White
- Return to Learn, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary Matthews
- Return to Learn, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matt Hale
- Return to Learn, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ronald W McLawhon
- Return to Learn, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sharon L Reed
- Return to Learn, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Terri Winbush
- Return to Learn, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sara H Browne
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Specialist in Global Health, Encinitas, CA, USA
| | - Jocelyn Olivas Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas e Ingenieria, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico; University of HealthMx, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Diana G Rincon Rodríguez
- University of HealthMx, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Xochicalco, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Martin Gonzalez Ibarra
- University of HealthMx, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Xochicalco, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Luis C Robles Ibarra
- University of HealthMx, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico; Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Betsy J Arellano Vera
- University of HealthMx, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico; Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Gonzalez Garcia
- University of HealthMx, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico; SIMNSA, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | | | - Rob Knight
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel O Wertheim
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Mathematics, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Michael Worobey
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Marc A Suchard
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristian G Andersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Abraham Campos-Romero
- Innovation and Research Department, Salud Digna, A.C, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Shirlee Wohl
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mark Zeller
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tekkatte C, Lindsay SA, Duggan E, Castro-Martínez A, Hakim A, Saldana I, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Sebastian R, Liu Y, Pontigon DS, Meads M, Liu TN, Pizzo DP, Nolan J, Parast MM, Laurent LC. Identification of optimal conditions for human placental explant culture and extracellular vesicle release. iScience 2023; 26:108046. [PMID: 37829201 PMCID: PMC10565782 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can mediate intercellular communication, including signaling between the placenta and maternal tissues. Human placental explant culture is a versatile in vitro model system to investigate placental function. We performed systematic studies in different tissue culture media types and oxygen tensions to identify a defined serum-free culture condition that supports high trophoblast viability and metabolism, as well as the release of similar populations of EVs, compared to traditional undefined conditions that contain media additives potentially contaminated with exogenous EVs. We also determined the time frame in which trophoblast viability and functionality remain optimal. Multiplex vesicle flow cytometry with classical EV and placenta-specific markers revealed three separate populations of explant-derived EVs: small CD63+ EVs; large PLAP+ EVs; and CD63-/PLAP- EVs. These culture and analytical approaches will enable in vitro modeling of short-term effects of environmental perturbations associated with pregnancy complications on placental function and EV release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Tekkatte
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Scott A. Lindsay
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Erika Duggan
- Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
- Cellarcus Biosciences Inc, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Anelizze Castro-Martínez
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Isabella Saldana
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Rachel Sebastian
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Yukun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, SUN Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, SUN Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Devin S. Pontigon
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Morgan Meads
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Tzu Ning Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Donald P. Pizzo
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John Nolan
- Scintillon Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
- Cellarcus Biosciences Inc, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mana M. Parast
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Louise C. Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fielding-Miller R, Karthikeyan S, Gaines T, Garfein RS, Salido RA, Cantu VJ, Kohn L, Martin NK, Wynn A, Wijaya C, Flores M, Omaleki V, Majnoonian A, Gonzalez-Zuniga P, Nguyen M, Vo AV, Le T, Duong D, Hassani A, Tweeten S, Jepsen K, Henson B, Hakim A, Birmingham A, De Hoff P, Mark AM, Nasamran CA, Rosenthal SB, Moshiri N, Fisch KM, Humphrey G, Farmer S, Tubb HM, Valles T, Morris J, Kang J, Khaleghi B, Young C, Akel AD, Eilert S, Eno J, Curewitz K, Laurent LC, Rosing T, Knight R. Safer at school early alert: an observational study of wastewater and surface monitoring to detect COVID-19 in elementary schools. Lancet Reg Health Am 2023; 19:100449. [PMID: 36844610 PMCID: PMC9939935 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Schools are high-risk settings for SARS-CoV-2 transmission, but necessary for children's educational and social-emotional wellbeing. Previous research suggests that wastewater monitoring can detect SARS-CoV-2 infections in controlled residential settings with high levels of accuracy. However, its effective accuracy, cost, and feasibility in non-residential community settings is unknown. Methods The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness and accuracy of community-based passive wastewater and surface (environmental) surveillance to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection in neighborhood schools compared to weekly diagnostic (PCR) testing. We implemented an environmental surveillance system in nine elementary schools with 1700 regularly present staff and students in southern California. The system was validated from November 2020 to March 2021. Findings In 447 data collection days across the nine sites 89 individuals tested positive for COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 374 surface samples and 133 wastewater samples. Ninety-three percent of identified cases were associated with an environmental sample (95% CI: 88%-98%); 67% were associated with a positive wastewater sample (95% CI: 57%-77%), and 40% were associated with a positive surface sample (95% CI: 29%-52%). The techniques we utilized allowed for near-complete genomic sequencing of wastewater and surface samples. Interpretation Passive environmental surveillance can detect the presence of COVID-19 cases in non-residential community school settings with a high degree of accuracy. Funding County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency, National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Centers for Disease Control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Smruthi Karthikeyan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Tommi Gaines
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Richard S. Garfein
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rodolfo A. Salido
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Victor J. Cantu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Laura Kohn
- Kohn Education Consulting, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Natasha K. Martin
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Adriane Wynn
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Carrissa Wijaya
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Marlene Flores
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Vinton Omaleki
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Araz Majnoonian
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- University of California San Diego and San Diego State University Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Patricia Gonzalez-Zuniga
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Megan Nguyen
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, International Health Social and Behavioral Interventions, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Anh V. Vo
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, International Health Social and Behavioral Interventions, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Tina Le
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Dawn Duong
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ashkan Hassani
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Samantha Tweeten
- County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency, 1600 Pacific Highway, San Diego, CA, 92101, USA
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Benjamin Henson
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Amanda Birmingham
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Adam M. Mark
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chanond A. Nasamran
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sara Brin Rosenthal
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Niema Moshiri
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Fisch
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Greg Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Sawyer Farmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Helena M. Tubb
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Tommy Valles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Justin Morris
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA
| | - Jaeyoung Kang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Behnam Khaleghi
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Colin Young
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ameen D. Akel
- Micron Technology, Inc., 7220 Trade Street, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Sean Eilert
- Micron Technology, Inc., 7220 Trade Street, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Justin Eno
- Micron Technology, Inc., 7220 Trade Street, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Ken Curewitz
- Micron Technology, Inc., 7220 Trade Street, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Louise C. Laurent
- University of California San Diego and San Diego State University Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Tajana Rosing
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jacobs MB, Valentine HD, Adkins S, Magallanes C, Morgan SC, Pereira LM, Tekkatte C, Hakim A, De Hoff P, Laurent LC, Pantham P. Humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant and non-pregnant women following infection. AJOG Global Reports 2023; 3:100192. [PMID: 37113617 PMCID: PMC10010833 DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2023.100192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune changes that occur during pregnancy may place pregnant women at an increased risk for severe disease following viral infections like SARS-CoV-2. Whether these immunologic changes modify the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy is not well understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant and nonpregnant women. The immune response following vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 was also explored. STUDY DESIGN In this cohort study, 24 serum samples from 20 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy were matched by number of days after a positive test with 46 samples from 40 nonpregnant women of reproductive age. Samples from 9 patients who were vaccinated during pregnancy were also examined. Immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M levels were measured. Trends in the log antibody levels over time and mean antibody levels were assessed using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS The median number of days from first positive test to sampling was 6.5 in the pregnant group (range, 3-97) and 6.0 among nonpregnant participants (range, 2-97). No significant differences in demographic or sampling characteristics were noted between the groups. No differences in immunoglobulin G or immunoglobulin M levels over time or mean antibody levels were noted among pregnant and nonpregnant participants following SARS-CoV-2 infection for any of the SARS-CoV-2 antigen targets examined (spike, spike receptor-binding domain, spike N-terminal domain, and nucleocapsid). Participants who were vaccinated during pregnancy had higher immunoglobulin G levels than pregnant patients who tested positive for all SARS-CoV-2 targets except nucleocapsid antibodies (all P<.001) and had lower immunoglobulin M spike (P<.05) and receptor-binding domain (P<.01) antibody levels. CONCLUSION This study suggests that the humoral response following SARS-CoV-2 infection does not seem to differ between pregnant women and their nonpregnant counterparts. These findings should reassure patients and healthcare providers that pregnant patients seem to mount a nondifferential immune response to SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marni B. Jacobs
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
- Corresponding author: Marni B. Jacobs, PhD.
| | - Holly D. Valentine
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| | - Sierra Adkins
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| | - Celestine Magallanes
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| | - Sydney C. Morgan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| | - Lissa M. Pereira
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| | - Chandana Tekkatte
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego, CA (Ms Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego, CA (Ms Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego, CA (Ms Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| | - Louise C. Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego, CA (Ms Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| | - Priyadarshini Pantham
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA (Dr Jacobs, Mses Valentine, Adkins, and Magallanes, Dr Morgan, Mses Pereira and Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
- Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, San Diego, CA (Ms Tekkatte, Mr Hakim, and Drs Dehoff, Laurent, and Pantham)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fielding-Miller R, Karthikeyan S, Gaines T, Garfein RS, Salido RA, Cantu VJ, Kohn L, Martin NK, Wynn A, Wijaya C, Flores M, Omaleki V, Majnoonian A, Gonzalez-Zuniga P, Nguyen M, Vo AV, Le T, Duong D, Hassani A, Tweeten S, Jepsen K, Henson B, Hakim A, Birmingham A, De Hoff P, Mark AM, Nasamran CA, Rosenthal SB, Moshiri N, Fisch KM, Humphrey G, Farmer S, Tubb HM, Valles T, Morris J, Kang J, Khaleghi B, Young C, Akel AD, Eilert S, Eno J, Curewitz K, Laurent LC, Rosing T, Knight R. Wastewater and surface monitoring to detect COVID-19 in elementary school settings: The Safer at School Early Alert project. medRxiv 2023:2021.10.19.21265226. [PMID: 34704096 PMCID: PMC8547528 DOI: 10.1101/2021.10.19.21265226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Schools are high-risk settings for SARS-CoV-2 transmission, but necessary for children's educational and social-emotional wellbeing. Previous research suggests that wastewater monitoring can detect SARS-CoV-2 infections in controlled residential settings with high levels of accuracy. However, its effective accuracy, cost, and feasibility in non-residential community settings is unknown. Methods The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness and accuracy of community-based passive wastewater and surface (environmental) surveillance to detect SARS-CoV-2 infection in neighborhood schools compared to weekly diagnostic (PCR) testing. We implemented an environmental surveillance system in nine elementary schools with 1700 regularly present staff and students in southern California. The system was validated from November 2020 - March 2021. Findings In 447 data collection days across the nine sites 89 individuals tested positive for COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 374 surface samples and 133 wastewater samples. Ninety-three percent of identified cases were associated with an environmental sample (95% CI: 88% - 98%); 67% were associated with a positive wastewater sample (95% CI: 57% - 77%), and 40% were associated with a positive surface sample (95% CI: 29% - 52%). The techniques we utilized allowed for near-complete genomic sequencing of wastewater and surface samples. Interpretation Passive environmental surveillance can detect the presence of COVID-19 cases in non-residential community school settings with a high degree of accuracy. Funding County of San Diego, Health and Human Services Agency, National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Centers for Disease Control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health
| | | | - Tommi Gaines
- University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health
| | - Richard S. Garfein
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
| | | | - Victor J. Cantu
- University of California San Diego, Department of Bioengineering
| | | | - Natasha K Martin
- University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health
| | - Adriane Wynn
- University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health
| | - Carrissa Wijaya
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
| | - Marlene Flores
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
| | - Vinton Omaleki
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
| | - Araz Majnoonian
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
- University of California San Diego and San Diego State University Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health
| | - Patricia Gonzalez-Zuniga
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
| | - Megan Nguyen
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, International Health Social and Behavioral Interventions
| | - Anh V Vo
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, International Health Social and Behavioral Interventions
| | - Tina Le
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
| | - Dawn Duong
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
| | - Ashkan Hassani
- University of California San Diego, Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science
| | | | - Kristen Jepsen
- University of California San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine
| | - Benjamin Henson
- University of California San Diego, Institute for Genomic Medicine
| | - Abbas Hakim
- University of California San Diego, Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
| | - Amanda Birmingham
- University of California San Diego, Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics
| | - Peter De Hoff
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Adam M. Mark
- University of California San Diego, Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics
| | - Chanond A Nasamran
- University of California San Diego, Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics
| | - Sara Brin Rosenthal
- University of California San Diego, Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics
| | - Niema Moshiri
- University of California San Diego, Department of Computer Science & Engineering
| | - Kathleen M. Fisch
- University of California San Diego, Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences
- University of California San Diego, Center for Computational Biology & Bioinformatics
| | - Greg Humphrey
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Sawyer Farmer
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Helena M. Tubb
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Tommy Valles
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics
| | - Justin Morris
- University of California San Diego, Department of Computer Science & Engineering
- San Diego State University, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
| | - Jaeyoung Kang
- University of California San Diego, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
| | - Behnam Khaleghi
- University of California San Diego, Department of Computer Science & Engineering
| | - Colin Young
- University of California San Diego, Department of Computer Science & Engineering
| | | | | | | | | | - Louise C Laurent
- University of California San Diego and San Diego State University Joint Doctoral Program in Public Health
| | - Tajana Rosing
- University of California San Diego, Department of Computer Science & Engineering
| | - Rob Knight
- University of California San Diego, Department of Pediatrics
- University of California San Diego, Department of Bioengineering
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qazi AA, Ali M, Latif M, Naqvi SAA, Jalbani S, Jabeen F, Iqbal R, Farooq Z, Hamidullah, Malik K, Naz A, Hussain S, Iqbal MA, Hakim A, Tariq N, Kausar T. The level and distribution of selected organochlorine pesticides in water of River Satluj Pakistan. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e246776. [PMID: 36629624 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.246776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was aimed to identify different environmental factors (selected organochlorine pesticides) affecting the river water of Satluj. River Sutlej is about 1400 kilometers long and its water is extensively used for irrigation in Punjab, located both in India and Pakistan, which was also a reason of dispute between both countries for its water share. The study area was divided into four zones, Sulemanki Zone, Islam Zone, Mailsi Syphone Zone and Panjnad Zone. Liquid Liquid Extraction (LLE) technique was used for the collected water samples followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) UV-Visible detector The current finding revealed that aldrin was not detected during summer period in water samples of SZ-1 (Sulemanki Barrage), SZ-2 and SZ-3 (Maisli Siphon) of the study area. Lindane and DDE were found more in the samples of sediments from the study area at SZ-4 ranging from 2.238-8.226 ppb and 4.234-6.876 ppb, respectively. Heaptachlor (in sediments) was found to be0.032-234 ppb only at SZ-4.Endosulfan concentrations in water (winter) at SZ-3 was 0.06 ppb and at SZ-4,it was 0.05 ppb; dieldrin in water (winter) at SZ-4 was 0.0314 ppb and heptachlor was detected at SZ-1 (0.0315 ppb) and SZ-2 (0.0310 ppb) in water during winter season, were reaching to the Maximum Concentrations Limits (MCL), while all other residues investigated were found below the MCLin all the compartments of the study area set by various agencies like WHO/FAO- Codex Alimenterious. Present findings revealed that although the organochlorine pesticides are banned for agricultural use in many countries, including Pakistan, their presence in various samples might be due to illegal use of these pesticides in the study area and its neighboring regions. The overall study area comprises of mainly urban, suburban and agricultural land being the largest cotton growing area of the country. There is a need to take serious steps to minimize water pollution caused by pesticides to achieve a healthy lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Qazi
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - M Ali
- Quaid e Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Latif
- University of Education, Division of Science & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - S A A Naqvi
- Government College University, Department of Geography, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Jalbani
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, Sakrand, Pakistan
| | - F Jabeen
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - R Iqbal
- Bahuddin Zakariya University, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Z Farooq
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Hamidullah
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Department of Zoology, Bahawalnagar, Pakistan
| | - K Malik
- Punjab University, Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - A Naz
- Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Department of Pathology, Multan, Pakistan
| | - S Hussain
- Government College University, Department of Zoology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M A Iqbal
- Gomal University, Department of Zoology, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - A Hakim
- Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Department of Computer Science, Multan, Pakistan
| | - N Tariq
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Department of Zoology, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - T Kausar
- Government Sadiq College Women University, Department of Zoology, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qazi AA, Ali M, Jabeen F, Iqbal R, Iqbal MA, Latif M, Farooq Z, Kausar T, Naz A, Naqvi SAA, Hussain S, Mahmood MT, Malik K, Hakim A, Ullah H, Tariq N, Jalbani S. Presence of selected organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in sediments and biota of River Satluj, Pakistan: first report. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e243905. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.243905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract In the developed countries, the use of OCPs (organochlorine pesticides) has been banned. However, in South Asia several of them are still in use. In Pakistan and India a constant addition of OCPs into the atmosphere has been indicated by various researchers. In this study levels of selected organochlorine pesticide residues were assessed in sediment and biota collected from four (4) water reservoirs (3 Barrages & 1 Siphon) on the River Satluj Pakistan, along 231 miles (372 km) of River stretch which was further divided into 12 sampling sites. It was aimed to find out the levels of organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues in sediments and from selected fish species (Labeo rohita, Wallagu attu, Cyprinus carpio) of the River Satluj Pakistan. The Organochlorine residues (seven pesticides) present in samples of sediments and biota were investigated through multi residue method, using Gas Chromatograph (GC-ECD).In the current study, the concentration of DDT, was investigated in Wallago attu (0.786-3.987 ppb), Labeo rohita (0.779-4.355 ppb) and Cyprinus carpio (1.234-5.654 ppb). DDE was also found in Cyprinus carpio (1.244-6.322 ppb), Wallag attu (0.877-4.221 ppb) and Labeo rohita (2.112-5.897 ppb). Aldrin was not observed in Labeo rohita and Wallago attu. Currently, lindane and DDE was found predominately high in the sediments of study area at SZ-4 (Panjnad Barrage) ranging (2.238-8.226 ppb) and (4.234-6.876 ppb), respectively. Heaptachlor was found only at SZ-4 (Panjnad Barrage) from the sediments with concentration ranging (0.032-234 ppb). In short all other residues investigated were found below the MCL (maximum concentration level) in all the compartments of the study area set by various agencies like WHO/FAO- Codex Alimenterious.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. A. Qazi
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - M. Ali
- Quaid e Azam University, Pakistan
| | | | - R. Iqbal
- Bahuddin Zakariya University, Pakistan
| | | | - M. Latif
- University of Education, Pakistan
| | - Z. Farooq
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | - T. Kausar
- Sadiq College Women University, Pakistan
| | - A. Naz
- Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Pakistan
| | | | | | - M. T. Mahmood
- Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| | | | - A. Hakim
- Muhammad Nawaz shareef University of agriculture, Pakistan
| | - H. Ullah
- The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - N. Tariq
- Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Pakistan
| | - S. Jalbani
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Thomann P, Häni L, Vulcu S, Schütz A, Frosch M, Jesse CM, El-Koussy M, Söll N, Hakim A, Raabe A, Schucht P. P18.10.B Natural history of meningiomas - a serial volumetric analysis of 240 tumors. Neuro Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noac174.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The management of asymptomatic intracranial meningiomas is controversial. Through the assessment of growth predictors, we aimed to create the basis for practicable clinical pathways for the management of these tumors.
Material and Methods
We volumetrically analyzed meningiomas radiologically diagnosed at our institution between 2003 and 2015. For this purpose, we used exclusively thin-layered MR images (i.e. ≤ 2mm slice thickness). The primary endpoint was tumor growth defined as a 14.35% increase in tumor volume. We identified predictive clinical and radiological characteristics and used the significant variables from a multivariable regression model to construct a decision tree based on the exhaustive Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detection (exhaustive CHAID) algorithm.
Results
Of 240 meningiomas, 159 (66.3%) demonstrated growth during a mean observation period of 46.9 months. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, older age (OR=0.979 (0.958-1.000), p=0.048) and presence of calcification (OR=0.442 (0.224-0.872), p=0.019) had a negative predictive value for tumor growth, while T2-signal iso-/hyperintensity (OR=4.415 (2.056-9.479), p<0.001) had a positive predictive value. A decision tree model yielded three growth risk groups based on T2-signal intensity and presence of calcifications with a proportion of growing tumors of 34.1% in the low risk group, 60.0% in the intermediate risk group and 80.2% in the high risk group. Median tumor volume doubling time (Td) was 185.7 months in the low risk, 100.1 months in the intermediate risk and 51.7 months in the high risk group (p<0.001). While 0% of meningiomas in the low and intermediate risk group had a Td of ≤12 months, 8.9% in the high risk group did so (p=0.021).
Conclusion
Most meningiomas demonstrated growth during follow-up. The presence or absence of calcifications and the signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging allow a practical and simple stratification of meningiomas into low, intermediate and high risk tumors. Small tumors in the low or intermediate risk categories can be monitored with longer follow-up intervals, whereas in the high risk category proactive management decisions can be justified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Thomann
- University Hospital Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - L Häni
- University Hospital Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - S Vulcu
- University Hospital Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - A Schütz
- University Hospital Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - M Frosch
- Medical Center - University of Freiburg , Freiburg , Germany
| | - C M Jesse
- University Hospital Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - M El-Koussy
- Hospital of Emmental , Burgdorf , Switzerland
| | - N Söll
- University Hospital Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - A Hakim
- University Hospital Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - A Raabe
- University Hospital Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - P Schucht
- University Hospital Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cantú VJ, Belda-Ferre P, Salido RA, Tsai R, Austin B, Jordan W, Asudani M, Walster A, Magallanes CG, Valentine H, Manjoonian A, Wijaya C, Omaleki V, Sanders K, Aigner S, Baer NA, Betty M, Castro-Martínez A, Cheung W, Crescini ES, De Hoff P, Eisner E, Hakim A, Kapadia B, Lastrella AL, Lawrence ES, Ngo TT, Ostrander T, Sathe S, Seaver P, Smoot EW, Carlin AF, Yeo GW, Laurent LC, Manlutac AL, Fielding-Miller R, Knight R. Implementation of Practical Surface SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance in School Settings. mSystems 2022; 7:e0010322. [PMID: 35703437 PMCID: PMC9426517 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00103-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface sampling for SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection has shown considerable promise to detect exposure of built environments to infected individuals shedding virus who would not otherwise be detected. Here, we compare two popular sampling media (VTM and SDS) and two popular workflows (Thermo and PerkinElmer) for implementation of a surface sampling program suitable for environmental monitoring in public schools. We find that the SDS/Thermo pipeline shows superior sensitivity and specificity, but that the VTM/PerkinElmer pipeline is still sufficient to support surface surveillance in any indoor setting with stable cohorts of occupants (e.g., schools, prisons, group homes, etc.) and may be used to leverage existing investments in infrastructure. IMPORTANCE The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has claimed the lives of over 5 million people worldwide. Due to high density occupancy of indoor spaces for prolonged periods of time, schools are often of concern for transmission, leading to widespread school closings to combat pandemic spread when cases rise. Since pediatric clinical testing is expensive and difficult from a consent perspective, we have deployed surface sampling in SASEA (Safer at School Early Alert), which allows for detection of SARS-CoV-2 from surfaces within a classroom. In this previous work, we developed a high-throughput method which requires robotic automation and specific reagents that are often not available for public health laboratories such as the San Diego County Public Health Laboratory (SDPHL). Therefore, we benchmarked our method (Thermo pipeline) against SDPHL's (PerkinElmer) more widely used method for the detection and prediction of SARS-CoV-2 exposure. While our method shows superior sensitivity (false-negative rate of 9% versus 27% for SDPHL), the SDPHL pipeline is sufficient to support surface surveillance in indoor settings. These findings are important since they show that existing investments in infrastructure can be leveraged to slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2 not in just the classroom but also in prisons, nursing homes, and other high-risk, indoor settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor J. Cantú
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rodolfo A. Salido
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rebecca Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Brett Austin
- San Diego County Public Health Lab, San Diego, California, USA
| | - William Jordan
- San Diego County Public Health Lab, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Menka Asudani
- San Diego County Public Health Lab, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Amanda Walster
- San Diego County Public Health Lab, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Celestine G. Magallanes
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Holly Valentine
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Araz Manjoonian
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Carrissa Wijaya
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Vinton Omaleki
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Karenina Sanders
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nathan A. Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Maryann Betty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Anelizze Castro-Martínez
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Evelyn S. Crescini
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Emily Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bhavika Kapadia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Alma L. Lastrella
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Elijah S. Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Toan T. Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shashank Sathe
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Phoebe Seaver
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth W. Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Aaron F. Carlin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gene W. Yeo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Louise C. Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cantú VJ, Sanders K, Belda-Ferre P, Salido RA, Tsai R, Austin B, Jordan W, Asudani M, Walster A, Magallanes CG, Valentine H, Manjoonian A, Wijaya C, Omaleki V, Aigner S, Baer NA, Betty M, Castro-Martínez A, Cheung W, De Hoff P, Eisner E, Hakim A, Lastrella AL, Lawrence ES, Ngo TT, Ostrander T, Plascencia A, Sathe S, Smoot EW, Carlin AF, Yeo GW, Laurent LC, Manlutac AL, Fielding-Miller R, Knight R. Sentinel Cards Provide Practical SARS-CoV-2 Monitoring in School Settings. mSystems 2022; 7:e0010922. [PMID: 35703436 PMCID: PMC9426498 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00109-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A promising approach to help students safely return to in person learning is through the application of sentinel cards for accurate high resolution environmental monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 traces indoors. Because SARS-CoV-2 RNA can persist for up to a week on several indoor surface materials, there is a need for increased temporal resolution to determine whether consecutive surface positives arise from new infection events or continue to report past events. Cleaning sentinel cards after sampling would provide the needed resolution but might interfere with assay performance. We tested the effect of three cleaning solutions (BZK wipes, Wet Wipes, RNase Away) at three different viral loads: "high" (4 × 104 GE/mL), "medium" (1 × 104 GE/mL), and "low" (2.5 × 103 GE/mL). RNase Away, chosen as a positive control, was the most effective cleaning solution on all three viral loads. Wet Wipes were found to be more effective than BZK wipes in the medium viral load condition. The low viral load condition was easily reset with all three cleaning solutions. These findings will enable temporal SARS-CoV-2 monitoring in indoor environments where transmission risk of the virus is high and the need to avoid individual-level sampling for privacy or compliance reasons exists. IMPORTANCE Because SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, persists on surfaces, testing swabs taken from surfaces is useful as a monitoring tool. This approach is especially valuable in school settings, where there are cost and privacy concerns that are eliminated by taking a single sample from a classroom. However, the virus persists for days to weeks on surface samples, so it is impossible to tell whether positive detection events on consecutive days are a persistent signal or new infectious cases and therefore whether the positive individuals have been successfully removed from the classroom. We compare several methods for cleaning "sentinel cards" to show that this approach can be used to identify new SARS-CoV-2 signals day to day. The results are important for determining how to monitor classrooms and other indoor environments for SARS-CoV-2 virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor J. Cantú
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Karenina Sanders
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rodolfo A. Salido
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rebecca Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Brett Austin
- San Diego County Public Health Lab, San Diego, California, USA
| | - William Jordan
- San Diego County Public Health Lab, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Menka Asudani
- San Diego County Public Health Lab, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Amanda Walster
- San Diego County Public Health Lab, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Celestine G. Magallanes
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Holly Valentine
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Araz Manjoonian
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Carrissa Wijaya
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Vinton Omaleki
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Nathan A. Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Maryann Betty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Anelizze Castro-Martínez
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Emily Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Alma L. Lastrella
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Elijah S. Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Toan T. Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ashley Plascencia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Shashank Sathe
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth W. Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Aaron F. Carlin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Gene W. Yeo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Louise C. Laurent
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Karthikeyan S, Levy JI, De Hoff P, Humphrey G, Birmingham A, Jepsen K, Farmer S, Tubb HM, Valles T, Tribelhorn CE, Tsai R, Aigner S, Sathe S, Moshiri N, Henson B, Mark AM, Hakim A, Baer NA, Barber T, Belda-Ferre P, Chacón M, Cheung W, Cresini ES, Eisner ER, Lastrella AL, Lawrence ES, Marotz CA, Ngo TT, Ostrander T, Plascencia A, Salido RA, Seaver P, Smoot EW, McDonald D, Neuhard RM, Scioscia AL, Satterlund AM, Simmons EH, Abelman DB, Brenner D, Bruner JC, Buckley A, Ellison M, Gattas J, Gonias SL, Hale M, Hawkins F, Ikeda L, Jhaveri H, Johnson T, Kellen V, Kremer B, Matthews G, McLawhon RW, Ouillet P, Park D, Pradenas A, Reed S, Riggs L, Sanders A, Sollenberger B, Song A, White B, Winbush T, Aceves CM, Anderson C, Gangavarapu K, Hufbauer E, Kurzban E, Lee J, Matteson NL, Parker E, Perkins SA, Ramesh KS, Robles-Sikisaka R, Schwab MA, Spencer E, Wohl S, Nicholson L, Mchardy IH, Dimmock DP, Hobbs CA, Bakhtar O, Harding A, Mendoza A, Bolze A, Becker D, Cirulli ET, Isaksson M, Schiabor Barrett KM, Washington NL, Malone JD, Schafer AM, Gurfield N, Stous S, Fielding-Miller R, Garfein RS, Gaines T, Anderson C, Martin NK, Schooley R, Austin B, MacCannell DR, Kingsmore SF, Lee W, Shah S, McDonald E, Yu AT, Zeller M, Fisch KM, Longhurst C, Maysent P, Pride D, Khosla PK, Laurent LC, Yeo GW, Andersen KG, Knight R. Wastewater sequencing reveals early cryptic SARS-CoV-2 variant transmission. Nature 2022; 609:101-108. [PMID: 35798029 PMCID: PMC9433318 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05049-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread and evolve, detecting emerging variants early is critical for public health interventions. Inferring lineage prevalence by clinical testing is infeasible at scale, especially in areas with limited resources, participation, or testing and/or sequencing capacity, which can also introduce biases1–3. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in wastewater successfully tracks regional infection dynamics and provides less biased abundance estimates than clinical testing4,5. Tracking virus genomic sequences in wastewater would improve community prevalence estimates and detect emerging variants. However, two factors limit wastewater-based genomic surveillance: low-quality sequence data and inability to estimate relative lineage abundance in mixed samples. Here we resolve these critical issues to perform a high-resolution, 295-day wastewater and clinical sequencing effort, in the controlled environment of a large university campus and the broader context of the surrounding county. We developed and deployed improved virus concentration protocols and deconvolution software that fully resolve multiple virus strains from wastewater. We detected emerging variants of concern up to 14 days earlier in wastewater samples, and identified multiple instances of virus spread not captured by clinical genomic surveillance. Our study provides a scalable solution for wastewater genomic surveillance that allows early detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and identification of cryptic transmission. Emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern were detected early and multiple cases of virus spread not captured by clinical genomic surveillance were identified using high-resolution wastewater and clinical sequencing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smruthi Karthikeyan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joshua I Levy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Greg Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Birmingham
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sawyer Farmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Helena M Tubb
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tommy Valles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shashank Sathe
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Niema Moshiri
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Henson
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adam M Mark
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Nathan A Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tom Barber
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisol Chacón
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Evelyn S Cresini
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily R Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alma L Lastrella
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elijah S Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Clarisse A Marotz
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Toan T Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Plascencia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rodolfo A Salido
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Phoebe Seaver
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth W Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert M Neuhard
- Operational Strategic Initiatives, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Angela L Scioscia
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Student Health and Well-Being, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Dismas B Abelman
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Brenner
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Judith C Bruner
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anne Buckley
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Ellison
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gattas
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven L Gonias
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matt Hale
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Faith Hawkins
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lydia Ikeda
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hemlata Jhaveri
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ted Johnson
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vince Kellen
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brendan Kremer
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary Matthews
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ronald W McLawhon
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pierre Ouillet
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Park
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Allorah Pradenas
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sharon Reed
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lindsay Riggs
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alison Sanders
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Angela Song
- Operational Strategic Initiatives, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin White
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Terri Winbush
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christine M Aceves
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Catelyn Anderson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karthik Gangavarapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emory Hufbauer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ezra Kurzban
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Justin Lee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathaniel L Matteson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edyth Parker
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sarah A Perkins
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karthik S Ramesh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Refugio Robles-Sikisaka
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Madison A Schwab
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily Spencer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shirlee Wohl
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - David P Dimmock
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John D Malone
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Nikos Gurfield
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Stous
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Richard S Garfein
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tommi Gaines
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl Anderson
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Natasha K Martin
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Schooley
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Duncan R MacCannell
- Office of Advanced Molecular Detection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Seema Shah
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eric McDonald
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexander T Yu
- COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Mark Zeller
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Fisch
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Longhurst
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Patty Maysent
- Office of the UC San Diego Health CEO, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - David Pride
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pradeep K Khosla
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristian G Andersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. .,Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cantú VJ, Salido RA, Huang S, Rahman G, Tsai R, Valentine H, Magallanes CG, Aigner S, Baer NA, Barber T, Belda-Ferre P, Betty M, Bryant M, Casas Maya M, Castro-Martínez A, Chacón M, Cheung W, Crescini ES, De Hoff P, Eisner E, Farmer S, Hakim A, Kohn L, Lastrella AL, Lawrence ES, Morgan SC, Ngo TT, Nouri A, Plascencia A, Ruiz CA, Sathe S, Seaver P, Shwartz T, Smoot EW, Ostrander RT, Valles T, Yeo GW, Laurent LC, Fielding-Miller R, Knight R. SARS-CoV-2 Distribution in Residential Housing Suggests Contact Deposition and Correlates with Rothia sp. mSystems 2022; 7:e0141121. [PMID: 35575492 PMCID: PMC9239251 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01411-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on surfaces is emerging as an important tool for identifying past exposure to individuals shedding viral RNA. Our past work demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) signals from surfaces can identify when infected individuals have touched surfaces and when they have been present in hospital rooms or schools. However, the sensitivity and specificity of surface sampling as a method for detecting the presence of a SARS-CoV-2 positive individual, as well as guidance about where to sample, has not been established. To address these questions and to test whether our past observations linking SARS-CoV-2 abundance to Rothia sp. in hospitals also hold in a residential setting, we performed a detailed spatial sampling of three isolation housing units, assessing each sample for SARS-CoV-2 abundance by RT-qPCR, linking the results to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences (to assess the bacterial community at each location), and to the Cq value of the contemporaneous clinical test. Our results showed that the highest SARS-CoV-2 load in this setting is on touched surfaces, such as light switches and faucets, but a detectable signal was present in many untouched surfaces (e.g., floors) that may be more relevant in settings, such as schools where mask-wearing is enforced. As in past studies, the bacterial community predicts which samples are positive for SARS-CoV-2, with Rothia sp. showing a positive association. IMPORTANCE Surface sampling for detecting SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is increasingly being used to locate infected individuals. We tested which indoor surfaces had high versus low viral loads by collecting 381 samples from three residential units where infected individuals resided, and interpreted the results in terms of whether SARS-CoV-2 was likely transmitted directly (e.g., touching a light switch) or indirectly (e.g., by droplets or aerosols settling). We found the highest loads where the subject touched the surface directly, although enough virus was detected on indirectly contacted surfaces to make such locations useful for sampling (e.g., in schools, where students did not touch the light switches and also wore masks such that they had no opportunity to touch their face and then the object). We also documented links between the bacteria present in a sample and the SARS-CoV-2 virus, consistent with earlier studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor J Cantú
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diegogrid.266100.3, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rodolfo A Salido
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diegogrid.266100.3, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shi Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gibraan Rahman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Holly Valentine
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Celestine G Magallanes
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathan A Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tom Barber
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Maryann Betty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - MacKenzie Bryant
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martín Casas Maya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anelizze Castro-Martínez
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisol Chacón
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Evelyn S Crescini
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sawyer Farmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura Kohn
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diegogrid.266100.3, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alma L Lastrella
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elijah S Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sydney C Morgan
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Toan T Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alhakam Nouri
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Plascencia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A Ruiz
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shashank Sathe
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Phoebe Seaver
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tara Shwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth W Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - R Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas Valles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California San Diegogrid.266100.3, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diegogrid.266100.3, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hakim A, Kurmann C, Pospieszny K, Meinel TR, Shahin MA, Heldner MR, Umarova R, Jung S, Arnold M, El-Koussy M. Diagnostic Accuracy of High-Resolution 3D T2-SPACE in Detecting Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:881-886. [PMID: 35618422 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Assessment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis on MR imaging can be challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of high-resolution 3D T2 sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and to compare its performance with contrast-enhanced 3D T1-MPRAGE. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a blinded retrospective analysis of T2-SPACE and contrast-enhanced MPRAGE sequences from patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and a control group. The results were compared with a reference standard, which was based on all available sequences and clinical history. Subanalyses were performed according to the venous segment involved and the clinical stage of the thrombus. RESULTS Sixty-three MR imaging examinations from 35 patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and 51 examinations from 40 control subjects were included. The accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity calculated from the initial MR imaging examination for each patient were 100% each for T2-SPACE and 95%, 91%, and 98%, respectively, for contrast-enhanced MPRAGE. The interrater reliability was high for both sequences. In the subanalysis, the accuracy for each venous segment involved and if subdivided according to the clinical stage of thrombus was ≥95% and ≥85% for T2-SPACE and contrast-enhanced MPRAGE, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Both T2-SPACE and contrast-enhanced MPRAGE offer high accuracy for the detection and exclusion of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; however, T2-SPACE showed a better overall performance and thus could be a useful tool if included in a multiparametric MR imaging protocol for the diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, especially in scenarios where gadolinium administration is contraindicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hakim
- From the University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.H., C.K., K.P., M.E.), Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - C Kurmann
- From the University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.H., C.K., K.P., M.E.), Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - K Pospieszny
- From the University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.H., C.K., K.P., M.E.), Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - T R Meinel
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., M.R.H., R.U., S.J., M.A.), Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M A Shahin
- Department of Radiodiagnosis (M.A.S.), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M R Heldner
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., M.R.H., R.U., S.J., M.A.), Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - R Umarova
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., M.R.H., R.U., S.J., M.A.), Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S Jung
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., M.R.H., R.U., S.J., M.A.), Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Arnold
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., M.R.H., R.U., S.J., M.A.), Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - M El-Koussy
- From the University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (A.H., C.K., K.P., M.E.), Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Batchu S, Hakim A, Henry OS, Madzo J, Atabek U, Spitz FR, Hong YK. Transcriptome-guided resolution of tumor microenvironment interactions in pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma subtypes. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:989-998. [PMID: 35088383 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-021-01729-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PCPG) are rare catecholamine-secreting endocrine tumors deriving from chromaffin cells of the embryonic neural crest. Although distinct molecular PCPG subtypes have been elucidated, certain characteristics of these tumors have yet to be fully examined, namely the tumor microenvironment (TME). To further understand tumor-stromal interactions in PCPG subtypes, the present study deconvoluted bulk tumor gene expression to examine ligand-receptor interactions. METHODS RNA-sequencing data primary solid PCPG tumors were derived from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Tumor purity was estimated using two robust algorithms. The tumor purity estimates and bulk tumor expression values allowed for non-negative linear regression to predict the average expression of each gene in the stromal and tumor compartments for each PCPG molecular subtype. The predicted expression values were then used in conjunction with a previously curated ligand-receptor database and scoring system to evaluate top ligand-receptor interactions. RESULTS Across all PCPG subtypes compared to normal samples, tumor-to-tumor signaling between bone morphogenic proteins 7 (BMP7) and 15 (BMP15) and cognate receptors ACVR2B and BMPR1B was increased. In addition, tumor-to-stroma signaling was enriched for interactions between predicted tumor-originating delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) and predicted stromal NOTCH receptors. Stroma-to-tumor signaling was enriched for interactions between ephrins A1 and A4 with ephrin receptors EphA5, EphA7, and EphA8. Pseudohypoxia subtype tumors displayed increased predicted stromal expression of genes related to immune-exhausted T-cell response, including those for inhibitory receptors HAVCR2 and CTLA4. CONCLUSION The current exploratory study predicted stromal and tumor through compartmental deconvolution and yielded previously unrecognized interactions and putative biomarkers in PCPG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Batchu
- Cooper Medical School at Rowan University, 401 Broadway, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA.
| | - A Hakim
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - O S Henry
- Cooper Medical School at Rowan University, 401 Broadway, Camden, NJ, 08103, USA
| | - J Madzo
- Coriell Institute, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - U Atabek
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - F R Spitz
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Y K Hong
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Karthikeyan S, Levy JI, De Hoff P, Humphrey G, Birmingham A, Jepsen K, Farmer S, Tubb HM, Valles T, Tribelhorn CE, Tsai R, Aigner S, Sathe S, Moshiri N, Henson B, Mark AM, Hakim A, Baer NA, Barber T, Belda-Ferre P, Chacón M, Cheung W, Cresini ES, Eisner ER, Lastrella AL, Lawrence ES, Marotz CA, Ngo TT, Ostrander T, Plascencia A, Salido RA, Seaver P, Smoot EW, McDonald D, Neuhard RM, Scioscia AL, Satterlund AM, Simmons EH, Abelman DB, Brenner D, Bruner JC, Buckley A, Ellison M, Gattas J, Gonias SL, Hale M, Hawkins F, Ikeda L, Jhaveri H, Johnson T, Kellen V, Kremer B, Matthews G, McLawhon RW, Ouillet P, Park D, Pradenas A, Reed S, Riggs L, Sanders A, Sollenberger B, Song A, White B, Winbush T, Aceves CM, Anderson C, Gangavarapu K, Hufbauer E, Kurzban E, Lee J, Matteson NL, Parker E, Perkins SA, Ramesh KS, Robles-Sikisaka R, Schwab MA, Spencer E, Wohl S, Nicholson L, Mchardy IH, Dimmock DP, Hobbs CA, Bakhtar O, Harding A, Mendoza A, Bolze A, Becker D, Cirulli ET, Isaksson M, Barrett KMS, Washington NL, Malone JD, Schafer AM, Gurfield N, Stous S, Fielding-Miller R, Garfein RS, Gaines T, Anderson C, Martin NK, Schooley R, Austin B, MacCannell DR, Kingsmore SF, Lee W, Shah S, McDonald E, Yu AT, Zeller M, Fisch KM, Longhurst C, Maysent P, Pride D, Khosla PK, Laurent LC, Yeo GW, Andersen KG, Knight R. Wastewater sequencing uncovers early, cryptic SARS-CoV-2 variant transmission. medRxiv 2022:2021.12.21.21268143. [PMID: 35411350 PMCID: PMC8996633 DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.21.21268143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread and evolve, detecting emerging variants early is critical for public health interventions. Inferring lineage prevalence by clinical testing is infeasible at scale, especially in areas with limited resources, participation, or testing/sequencing capacity, which can also introduce biases. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in wastewater successfully tracks regional infection dynamics and provides less biased abundance estimates than clinical testing. Tracking virus genomic sequences in wastewater would improve community prevalence estimates and detect emerging variants. However, two factors limit wastewater-based genomic surveillance: low-quality sequence data and inability to estimate relative lineage abundance in mixed samples. Here, we resolve these critical issues to perform a high-resolution, 295-day wastewater and clinical sequencing effort, in the controlled environment of a large university campus and the broader context of the surrounding county. We develop and deploy improved virus concentration protocols and deconvolution software that fully resolve multiple virus strains from wastewater. We detect emerging variants of concern up to 14 days earlier in wastewater samples, and identify multiple instances of virus spread not captured by clinical genomic surveillance. Our study provides a scalable solution for wastewater genomic surveillance that allows early detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and identification of cryptic transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smruthi Karthikeyan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joshua I Levy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Greg Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Birmingham
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sawyer Farmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Helena M. Tubb
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tommy Valles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shashank Sathe
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Niema Moshiri
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Henson
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adam M. Mark
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Nathan A Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tom Barber
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisol Chacón
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Evelyn S Cresini
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily R Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alma L Lastrella
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elijah S Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Clarisse A Marotz
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Toan T Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Plascencia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rodolfo A Salido
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Phoebe Seaver
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth W Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert M Neuhard
- Operational Strategic Initiatives, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Angela L Scioscia
- Student Health and Well-Being, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Dismas B. Abelman
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Brenner
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Judith C. Bruner
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anne Buckley
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Ellison
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gattas
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven L. Gonias
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matt Hale
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Faith Hawkins
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lydia Ikeda
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hemlata Jhaveri
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ted Johnson
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vince Kellen
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brendan Kremer
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary Matthews
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Pierre Ouillet
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Park
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Allorah Pradenas
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sharon Reed
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lindsay Riggs
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alison Sanders
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Angela Song
- Operational Strategic Initiatives, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin White
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Terri Winbush
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christine M Aceves
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Catelyn Anderson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karthik Gangavarapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emory Hufbauer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ezra Kurzban
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Justin Lee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathaniel L Matteson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edyth Parker
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sarah A Perkins
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karthik S Ramesh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Refugio Robles-Sikisaka
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Madison A Schwab
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily Spencer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shirlee Wohl
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura Nicholson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ian H Mchardy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David P Dimmock
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John D Malone
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Nikos Gurfield
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Stous
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Richard S. Garfein
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tommi Gaines
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl Anderson
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Natasha K. Martin
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Schooley
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Duncan R. MacCannell
- Office of Advanced Molecular Detection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Seema Shah
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eric McDonald
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexander T. Yu
- COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Mark Zeller
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Fisch
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Longhurst
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Patty Maysent
- Office of the UC San Diego Health CEO, University of California, San Diego
| | - David Pride
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Pradeep K. Khosla
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Louise C. Laurent
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kristian G Andersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Karthikeyan S, Levy JI, De Hoff P, Humphrey G, Birmingham A, Jepsen K, Farmer S, Tubb HM, Valles T, Tribelhorn CE, Tsai R, Aigner S, Sathe S, Moshiri N, Henson B, Mark AM, Hakim A, Baer NA, Barber T, Belda-Ferre P, Chacón M, Cheung W, Cresini ES, Eisner ER, Lastrella AL, Lawrence ES, Marotz CA, Ngo TT, Ostrander T, Plascencia A, Salido RA, Seaver P, Smoot EW, McDonald D, Neuhard RM, Scioscia AL, Satterlund AM, Simmons EH, Abelman DB, Brenner D, Bruner JC, Buckley A, Ellison M, Gattas J, Gonias SL, Hale M, Hawkins F, Ikeda L, Jhaveri H, Johnson T, Kellen V, Kremer B, Matthews G, McLawhon RW, Ouillet P, Park D, Pradenas A, Reed S, Riggs L, Sanders A, Sollenberger B, Song A, White B, Winbush T, Aceves CM, Anderson C, Gangavarapu K, Hufbauer E, Kurzban E, Lee J, Matteson NL, Parker E, Perkins SA, Ramesh KS, Robles-Sikisaka R, Schwab MA, Spencer E, Wohl S, Nicholson L, Mchardy IH, Dimmock DP, Hobbs CA, Bakhtar O, Harding A, Mendoza A, Bolze A, Becker D, Cirulli ET, Isaksson M, Barrett KMS, Washington NL, Malone JD, Schafer AM, Gurfield N, Stous S, Fielding-Miller R, Garfein RS, Gaines T, Anderson C, Martin NK, Schooley R, Austin B, MacCannell DR, Kingsmore SF, Lee W, Shah S, McDonald E, Yu AT, Zeller M, Fisch KM, Longhurst C, Maysent P, Pride D, Khosla PK, Laurent LC, Yeo GW, Andersen KG, Knight R. Wastewater sequencing uncovers early, cryptic SARS-CoV-2 variant transmission. medRxiv 2022. [PMID: 35411350 DOI: 10.1101/2022.01.27.22269965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
As SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread and evolve, detecting emerging variants early is critical for public health interventions. Inferring lineage prevalence by clinical testing is infeasible at scale, especially in areas with limited resources, participation, or testing/sequencing capacity, which can also introduce biases. SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentration in wastewater successfully tracks regional infection dynamics and provides less biased abundance estimates than clinical testing. Tracking virus genomic sequences in wastewater would improve community prevalence estimates and detect emerging variants. However, two factors limit wastewater-based genomic surveillance: low-quality sequence data and inability to estimate relative lineage abundance in mixed samples. Here, we resolve these critical issues to perform a high-resolution, 295-day wastewater and clinical sequencing effort, in the controlled environment of a large university campus and the broader context of the surrounding county. We develop and deploy improved virus concentration protocols and deconvolution software that fully resolve multiple virus strains from wastewater. We detect emerging variants of concern up to 14 days earlier in wastewater samples, and identify multiple instances of virus spread not captured by clinical genomic surveillance. Our study provides a scalable solution for wastewater genomic surveillance that allows early detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants and identification of cryptic transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Smruthi Karthikeyan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joshua I Levy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Greg Humphrey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amanda Birmingham
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kristen Jepsen
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sawyer Farmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Helena M Tubb
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tommy Valles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shashank Sathe
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Niema Moshiri
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Henson
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Adam M Mark
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Nathan A Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tom Barber
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisol Chacón
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Evelyn S Cresini
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily R Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alma L Lastrella
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elijah S Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Clarisse A Marotz
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Toan T Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Plascencia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rodolfo A Salido
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Phoebe Seaver
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth W Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert M Neuhard
- Operational Strategic Initiatives, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Angela L Scioscia
- Student Health and Well-Being, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Dismas B Abelman
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Brenner
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Judith C Bruner
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Anne Buckley
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael Ellison
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Gattas
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Steven L Gonias
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Matt Hale
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Faith Hawkins
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lydia Ikeda
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hemlata Jhaveri
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ted Johnson
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Vince Kellen
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brendan Kremer
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary Matthews
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ronald W McLawhon
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pierre Ouillet
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Park
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Allorah Pradenas
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sharon Reed
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lindsay Riggs
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alison Sanders
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Angela Song
- Operational Strategic Initiatives, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin White
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Terri Winbush
- Return to Learn, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christine M Aceves
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Catelyn Anderson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karthik Gangavarapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emory Hufbauer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ezra Kurzban
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Justin Lee
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nathaniel L Matteson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Edyth Parker
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sarah A Perkins
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Karthik S Ramesh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Refugio Robles-Sikisaka
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Madison A Schwab
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily Spencer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shirlee Wohl
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura Nicholson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ian H Mchardy
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David P Dimmock
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John D Malone
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Nikos Gurfield
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Sarah Stous
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Richard S Garfein
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tommi Gaines
- Division of Infectious Disease and Global Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl Anderson
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Natasha K Martin
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Robert Schooley
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Duncan R MacCannell
- Office of Advanced Molecular Detection, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Seema Shah
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Eric McDonald
- County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexander T Yu
- COVID-19 Detection, Investigation, Surveillance, Clinical, and Outbreak Response, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Mark Zeller
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen M Fisch
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Christopher Longhurst
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Patty Maysent
- Office of the UC San Diego Health CEO, University of California, San Diego
| | - David Pride
- Departments of Pathology and Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Pradeep K Khosla
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Kristian G Andersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kapinos A, Aghamalian P, Capehart E, Alag A, Angel H, Briseno E, Corado Perez B, Farag E, Foster H, Hakim A, Hernandez-Casas D, Huang C, Lam D, Mendez M, Min A, Nguyen N, Omholt AL, Ortiz E, Saldivar LS, Shannon JA, Smith R, Sridhar MV, Ta A, Theophilus MC, Ngo R, Torres C, Reddi K, Freise AC, Moberg Parker J. Novel Cluster AZ Arthrobacter phages Powerpuff, Lego, and YesChef exhibit close functional relationships with Microbacterium phages. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262556. [PMID: 35025964 PMCID: PMC8758107 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages exhibit a vast spectrum of relatedness and there is increasing evidence of close genomic relationships independent of host genus. The variability in phage similarity at the nucleotide, amino acid, and gene content levels confounds attempts at quantifying phage relatedness, especially as more novel phages are isolated. This study describes three highly similar novel Arthrobacter globiformis phages-Powerpuff, Lego, and YesChef-which were assigned to Cluster AZ using a nucleotide-based clustering parameter. Phages in Cluster AZ, Microbacterium Cluster EH, and the former Microbacterium singleton Zeta1847 exhibited low nucleotide similarity. However, their gene content similarity was in excess of the recently adopted Microbacterium clustering parameter, which ultimately resulted in the reassignment of Zeta1847 to Cluster EH. This finding further highlights the importance of using multiple metrics to capture phage relatedness. Additionally, Clusters AZ and EH phages encode a shared integrase indicative of a lysogenic life cycle. In the first experimental verification of a Cluster AZ phage's life cycle, we show that phage Powerpuff is a true temperate phage. It forms stable lysogens that exhibit immunity to superinfection by related phages, despite lacking identifiable repressors typically required for lysogenic maintenance and superinfection immunity. The ability of phage Powerpuff to undergo and maintain lysogeny suggests that other closely related phages may be temperate as well. Our findings provide additional evidence of significant shared phage genomic content spanning multiple actinobacterial host genera and demonstrate the continued need for verification and characterization of life cycles in newly isolated phages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kapinos
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Pauline Aghamalian
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Erika Capehart
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Anya Alag
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Heather Angel
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Eddie Briseno
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Byron Corado Perez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Emily Farag
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Hilory Foster
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Daisy Hernandez-Casas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Calvin Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Derek Lam
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Maya Mendez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Ashley Min
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Nikki Nguyen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Alexa L. Omholt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Emily Ortiz
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Lizbeth Shelly Saldivar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Jack Arthur Shannon
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Rachel Smith
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Mihika V. Sridhar
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - An Ta
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Malavika C. Theophilus
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Ryan Ngo
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Canela Torres
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Krisanavane Reddi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Amanda C. Freise
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Jordan Moberg Parker
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zguira MS, Koubaa A, Fekih S, Koubaa S, Trabelsi H, Zghal K, Bragazzi NL, Hakim A. Physical activity reduces oxidative stress and improves lipid profile made by smoking - Effectiveness of irregular and continuous training programs. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:534-543. [PMID: 35113430 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202201_27881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to identify the possible benefits of physical activity program in improving the antioxidant enzymes activity and lipid profile among smokers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifteen cigarette smokers (CS), 14 hookah smokers (HS), and 14 non-smokers (NS) participated in the low-intensity continuous training (LCT). Eleven CS, 12 HS, and 12 NS participated in the moderate-intensity intermittent training (MIT). The LCT groups performed a 20 to 30-minute continuous exercise at 40% of the VO2max. The MIT groups performed 6 to 10 sets of 2-minute sprint at 70% of the VO2max interspersed by a 1-min recovery period. At baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention, the antioxidant defense activity and lipid profile were assessed. RESULTS The improvement in antioxidant capacity under the effect of MIT program is statistically more significant than after LCT. The increase of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), malondialdehyde (MDA) and α-tocopherol was higher in smoker subjects participating in the MIT program compared to those participating in the LCT. In contrast, the LCT program has favorably altered lipid and lipoprotein profile of smokers and thus reduced their cardiovascular risk. CONCLUSIONS The combination of the two training methods may have major implications in both defense and prevention programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M S Zguira
- Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cantú VJ, Salido RA, Huang S, Rahman G, Tsai R, Valentine H, Magallanes CG, Aigner S, Baer NA, Barber T, Belda-Ferre P, Betty M, Bryant M, Maya MC, Castro-Martínez A, Chacón M, Cheung W, Crescini ES, De Hoff P, Eisner E, Farmer S, Hakim A, Kohn L, Lastrella AL, Lawrence ES, Morgan SC, Ngo TT, Nouri A, Ostrander RT, Plascencia A, Ruiz CA, Sathe S, Seaver P, Shwartz T, Smoot EW, Valles T, Yeo GW, Laurent LC, Fielding-Miller R, Knight R. SARS-CoV-2 Distribution in Residential Housing Suggests Contact Deposition and Correlates with Rothia sp. medRxiv 2021. [PMID: 34909793 DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.16.21253743v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on surfaces is emerging as an important tool for identifying past exposure to individuals shedding viral RNA. Our past work has demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) signals from surfaces can identify when infected individuals have touched surfaces such as Halloween candy, and when they have been present in hospital rooms or schools. However, the sensitivity and specificity of surface sampling as a method for detecting the presence of a SARS-CoV-2 positive individual, as well as guidance about where to sample, has not been established. To address these questions, and to test whether our past observations linking SARS-CoV-2 abundance to Rothia spp. in hospitals also hold in a residential setting, we performed detailed spatial sampling of three isolation housing units, assessing each sample for SARS-CoV-2 abundance by RT-qPCR, linking the results to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences to assess the bacterial community at each location and to the Cq value of the contemporaneous clinical test. Our results show that the highest SARS-CoV-2 load in this setting is on touched surfaces such as light switches and faucets, but detectable signal is present in many non-touched surfaces that may be more relevant in settings such as schools where mask wearing is enforced. As in past studies, the bacterial community predicts which samples are positive for SARS-CoV-2, with Rothia sp. showing a positive association. IMPORTANCE Surface sampling for detecting SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is increasingly being used to locate infected individuals. We tested which indoor surfaces had high versus low viral loads by collecting 381 samples from three residential units where infected individuals resided, and interpreted the results in terms of whether SARS-CoV-2 was likely transmitted directly (e.g. touching a light switch) or indirectly (e.g. by droplets or aerosols settling). We found highest loads where the subject touched the surface directly, although enough virus was detected on indirectly contacted surfaces to make such locations useful for sampling (e.g. in schools, where students do not touch the light switches and also wear masks so they have no opportunity to touch their face and then the object). We also documented links between the bacteria present in a sample and the SARS-CoV-2 virus, consistent with earlier studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor J Cantú
- These authors contributed equally.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rodolfo A Salido
- These authors contributed equally.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shi Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gibraan Rahman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Rebecca Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Holly Valentine
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA.,Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Celestine G Magallanes
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA.,Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Nathan A Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tom Barber
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Maryann Betty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA
| | - MacKenzie Bryant
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Martin Casas Maya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Anelizze Castro-Martínez
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Marisol Chacón
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Evelyn S Crescini
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Emily Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sawyer Farmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Laura Kohn
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Alma L Lastrella
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Elijah S Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sydney C Morgan
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Toan T Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Alhakam Nouri
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - R Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ashley Plascencia
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Christopher A Ruiz
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Shashank Sathe
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Phoebe Seaver
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tara Shwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Elizabeth W Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Thomas Valles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cantú VJ, Salido RA, Huang S, Rahman G, Tsai R, Valentine H, Magallanes CG, Aigner S, Baer NA, Barber T, Belda-Ferre P, Betty M, Bryant M, Maya MC, Castro-Martínez A, Chacón M, Cheung W, Crescini ES, De Hoff P, Eisner E, Farmer S, Hakim A, Kohn L, Lastrella AL, Lawrence ES, Morgan SC, Ngo TT, Nouri A, Ostrander RT, Plascencia A, Ruiz CA, Sathe S, Seaver P, Shwartz T, Smoot EW, Valles T, Yeo GW, Laurent LC, Fielding-Miller R, Knight R. SARS-CoV-2 Distribution in Residential Housing Suggests Contact Deposition and Correlates with Rothia sp. medRxiv 2021:2021.12.06.21267101. [PMID: 34909793 PMCID: PMC8669860 DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.06.21267101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on surfaces is emerging as an important tool for identifying past exposure to individuals shedding viral RNA. Our past work has demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) signals from surfaces can identify when infected individuals have touched surfaces such as Halloween candy, and when they have been present in hospital rooms or schools. However, the sensitivity and specificity of surface sampling as a method for detecting the presence of a SARS-CoV-2 positive individual, as well as guidance about where to sample, has not been established. To address these questions, and to test whether our past observations linking SARS-CoV-2 abundance to Rothia spp. in hospitals also hold in a residential setting, we performed detailed spatial sampling of three isolation housing units, assessing each sample for SARS-CoV-2 abundance by RT-qPCR, linking the results to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequences to assess the bacterial community at each location and to the Cq value of the contemporaneous clinical test. Our results show that the highest SARS-CoV-2 load in this setting is on touched surfaces such as light switches and faucets, but detectable signal is present in many non-touched surfaces that may be more relevant in settings such as schools where mask wearing is enforced. As in past studies, the bacterial community predicts which samples are positive for SARS-CoV-2, with Rothia sp. showing a positive association. IMPORTANCE Surface sampling for detecting SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is increasingly being used to locate infected individuals. We tested which indoor surfaces had high versus low viral loads by collecting 381 samples from three residential units where infected individuals resided, and interpreted the results in terms of whether SARS-CoV-2 was likely transmitted directly (e.g. touching a light switch) or indirectly (e.g. by droplets or aerosols settling). We found highest loads where the subject touched the surface directly, although enough virus was detected on indirectly contacted surfaces to make such locations useful for sampling (e.g. in schools, where students do not touch the light switches and also wear masks so they have no opportunity to touch their face and then the object). We also documented links between the bacteria present in a sample and the SARS-CoV-2 virus, consistent with earlier studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor J Cantú
- These authors contributed equally
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Rodolfo A Salido
- These authors contributed equally
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shi Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gibraan Rahman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Rebecca Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Holly Valentine
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Celestine G Magallanes
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Nathan A Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tom Barber
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Maryann Betty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA
| | - MacKenzie Bryant
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Martin Casas Maya
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Anelizze Castro-Martínez
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Marisol Chacón
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Evelyn S Crescini
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Emily Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sawyer Farmer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Laura Kohn
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Alma L Lastrella
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Elijah S Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sydney C Morgan
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Toan T Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Alhakam Nouri
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - R Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ashley Plascencia
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Christopher A Ruiz
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Shashank Sathe
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Phoebe Seaver
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tara Shwartz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Elizabeth W Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Thomas Valles
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Belachew NF, Almiri W, Encinas R, Hakim A, Baschung S, Kaesmacher J, Dobrocky T, Schankin CJ, Abegg M, Piechowiak EI, Raabe A, Gralla J, Mordasini P. Evolution of MRI Findings in Patients with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension after Venous Sinus Stenting. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1993-2000. [PMID: 34620591 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The correlation between imaging findings and clinical status in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension is unclear. We aimed to examine the evolution of idiopathic intracranial hypertension-related MR imaging findings in patients treated with venous sinus stent placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirteen patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (median age, 26.9 years) were assessed for changes in the CSF opening pressure, transstenotic pressure gradient, and symptoms after venous sinus stent placement. Optic nerve sheath diameter, posterior globe flattening and/or optic nerve protrusion, empty sella, the Meckel cave, tonsillar ectopia, the ventricles, the occipital emissary vein, and subcutaneous fat were evaluated on MR imaging before and 6 months after venous sinus stent placement. Data are expressed as percentages, medians, or correlation coefficients (r) with P values. RESULTS Although all patients showed significant reductions of the CSF opening pressure (31 versus 21 cm H2O; P = .005) and transstenotic pressure gradient (22.5 versus 1.5 mm Hg; P = .002) and substantial improvement of clinical symptoms 6 months after venous sinus stent placement, a concomitant reduction was observed only for posterior globe involvement (61.5% versus 15.4%; P = .001), optic nerve sheath diameter (6.8 versus 6.1 mm; P < .001), and subcutaneous neck fat (8.9 versus 7.4 mm; P = .001). Strong correlations were observed between decreasing optic nerve sheath diameters and improving nausea/emesis (right optic nerve sheath diameter, r = 0.592, P = .033; left optic nerve sheath diameter, r = 0.718, P = .006), improvement of posterior globe involvement and decreasing papilledema (r = 0.775, P = .003), and decreasing occipital emissary vein diameter and decreasing headache frequency (r = 0.74, P = .035). Decreasing transstenotic pressure gradient at 6 months strongly correlated with decreasing empty sella (r = 0.625, P = .022) and regressing cerebellar ectopia (r = 0.662, P = .019). CONCLUSIONS Most imaging findings persist long after normalization of intracranial pressure and clinical improvement. However, MR imaging findings related to the optic nerve may reflect treatment success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N F Belachew
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., W.A., R.E., A.H., J.K., T.D., E.I.P., J.G., P.M.)
| | - W Almiri
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., W.A., R.E., A.H., J.K., T.D., E.I.P., J.G., P.M.)
| | - R Encinas
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., W.A., R.E., A.H., J.K., T.D., E.I.P., J.G., P.M.)
| | - A Hakim
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., W.A., R.E., A.H., J.K., T.D., E.I.P., J.G., P.M.)
| | - S Baschung
- Faculty of Medicine (S.B.), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Kaesmacher
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., W.A., R.E., A.H., J.K., T.D., E.I.P., J.G., P.M.)
- Department of Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (J.K.)
| | - T Dobrocky
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., W.A., R.E., A.H., J.K., T.D., E.I.P., J.G., P.M.)
| | | | - M Abegg
- Department of Ophthalmology (M.A.)
| | - E I Piechowiak
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., W.A., R.E., A.H., J.K., T.D., E.I.P., J.G., P.M.)
| | - A Raabe
- Department of Neurosurgery (A.R.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Gralla
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., W.A., R.E., A.H., J.K., T.D., E.I.P., J.G., P.M.)
| | - P Mordasini
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., W.A., R.E., A.H., J.K., T.D., E.I.P., J.G., P.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Belachew NF, Dobrocky T, Meinel TR, Hakim A, Vynckier J, Arnold M, Seiffge DJ, Wiest R, Piechowiak EI, Fischer U, Gralla J, Mordasini P, Kaesmacher J. Risks of Undersizing Stent Retriever Length Relative to Thrombus Length in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:2181-2187. [PMID: 34649917 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Results regarding the association of thrombus length, stent retriever length, and recanalization success in patients with acute ischemic stroke are inconsistent. We hypothesized that the ratio of thrombus length to stent retriever length may be of particular relevance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing stent retriever thrombectomy at our institution between January 2010 and December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Thrombus length was assessed by measuring the susceptibility vessel sign on SWI using a 1.5T or 3T MR imaging scanner. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the association between thrombus length, stent retriever length, and thrombus length/stent retriever length ratio with first-pass recanalization, overall recanalization, and embolization in new territories. Results are shown as adjusted ORs with 95% CIs. Additional mediation analyses were performed to test for indirect effects on first-pass recanalization and overall recanalization success. RESULTS The main analysis included 418 patients (mean age, 74.9 years). Increasing stent retriever length was associated with first-pass recanalization. Decreasing thrombus length and lower thrombus length/stent retriever length ratios were associated with first-pass recanalization and overall recanalization. Thrombus length and stent retriever length showed no association with first-pass recanalization or overall recanalization once thrombus length/stent retriever length ratio was factored in, while thrombus length/stent retriever length ratio remained a significant factor in both models (adjusted OR, 0.316 [95% CI, 0.112-0.892]; P = .030 and adjusted OR, = 0.366 [95% CI, 0.194-0.689]; P = .002). Mediation analyses showed that decreasing thrombus length and increasing stent retriever length had a significant indirect effect on first-pass recanalization mediated through thrombus length/stent retriever length ratio. The only parameter associated with embolization in new territories was an increasing thrombus length/stent retriever length ratio (adjusted OR, 5.079 [95% CI, 1.332-19.362]; P = .017). CONCLUSIONS Information about thrombus and stent length is more valuable when combined. High thrombus length/stent retriever length ratios, which may raise the risk of unsuccessful recanalization and embolization in new territories, should be avoided by adapting stent retriever selection to thrombus length whenever possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N F Belachew
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., A.H., R.W., E.I.P., J.G., P.M., J.K.)
| | - T Dobrocky
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., A.H., R.W., E.I.P., J.G., P.M., J.K.)
| | - T R Meinel
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - A Hakim
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., A.H., R.W., E.I.P., J.G., P.M., J.K.)
| | - J Vynckier
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - M Arnold
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - D J Seiffge
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - R Wiest
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., A.H., R.W., E.I.P., J.G., P.M., J.K.)
| | - E I Piechowiak
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., A.H., R.W., E.I.P., J.G., P.M., J.K.)
| | - U Fischer
- Department of Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - J Gralla
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., A.H., R.W., E.I.P., J.G., P.M., J.K.)
| | - P Mordasini
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., A.H., R.W., E.I.P., J.G., P.M., J.K.)
| | - J Kaesmacher
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., A.H., R.W., E.I.P., J.G., P.M., J.K.).,Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Belachew NF, Dobrocky T, Aleman EB, Meinel TR, Hakim A, Vynckier J, Arnold M, Seiffge DJ, Wiest R, Mordasini P, Gralla J, Fischer U, Piechowiak EI, Kaesmacher J. SWI Susceptibility Vessel Sign in Patients Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1949-1955. [PMID: 34593377 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The frequency and clinical significance of the susceptibility vessel sign in patients with acute ischemic stroke remains unclear. We aimed to assess its prevalence in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy and to analyze its association with interventional and clinical outcome parameters in that group. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six hundred seventy-six patients with acute ischemic stroke and admission MR imaging were reviewed retrospectively. Of those, 577 met the eligibility criteria for further analysis. Imaging was performed using a 1.5T or 3T MR imaging scanner. Associations between baseline variables, interventional and clinical outcome parameters, and susceptibility vessel sign were determined with multivariable logistic regression models. Results are shown as adjusted ORs with 95% CIs. RESULTS The susceptibility vessel sign was present in 87.5% (n = 505) of patients and associated with tandem occlusion (adjusted OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 1.1-10.0; P = .032) as well as successful reperfusion, defined as an expanded TICI score of ≥2b (adjusted OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.28-4.6; P = .007). The susceptibility vessel sign was independently associated with functional independence (mRS ≤ 2: adjusted OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1-4.0; P = .028) and lower mortality (adjusted OR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.7; P = .003) at 90 days, even after adjusting for successful reperfusion. The susceptibility vessel sign did not influence the number of passes performed during mechanical thrombectomy, the first-pass reperfusion, or the risk of peri- or postinterventional complications. CONCLUSIONS The susceptibility vessel sign is an MR imaging phenomenon frequently observed in patients with acute ischemic stroke and is associated with successful reperfusion after mechanical thrombectomy. However, superior clinical functional outcome and lower mortality noted in patients showing the susceptibility vessel sign could not be entirely attributed to higher reperfusion rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N F Belachew
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., E.B.A., A.H., R.W., P.M., J.G., E.I.P., J.K.)
| | - T Dobrocky
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., E.B.A., A.H., R.W., P.M., J.G., E.I.P., J.K.)
| | - E B Aleman
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., E.B.A., A.H., R.W., P.M., J.G., E.I.P., J.K.)
| | - T R Meinel
- Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - A Hakim
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., E.B.A., A.H., R.W., P.M., J.G., E.I.P., J.K.)
| | - J Vynckier
- Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - M Arnold
- Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - D J Seiffge
- Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - R Wiest
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., E.B.A., A.H., R.W., P.M., J.G., E.I.P., J.K.)
| | - P Mordasini
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., E.B.A., A.H., R.W., P.M., J.G., E.I.P., J.K.)
| | - J Gralla
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., E.B.A., A.H., R.W., P.M., J.G., E.I.P., J.K.)
| | - U Fischer
- Neurology (T.R.M., J.V., M.A., D.J.S., U.F.)
| | - E I Piechowiak
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., E.B.A., A.H., R.W., P.M., J.G., E.I.P., J.K.)
| | - J Kaesmacher
- From the Departments of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology (N.F.B., T.D., E.B.A., A.H., R.W., P.M., J.G., E.I.P., J.K.).,Diagnostic, Interventional and Pediatric Radiology (J.K.), Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Salido RA, Cantú VJ, Clark AE, Leibel SL, Foroughishafiei A, Saha A, Hakim A, Nouri A, Lastrella AL, Castro-Martínez A, Plascencia A, Kapadia B, Xia B, Ruiz C, Marotz CA, Maunder D, Lawrence ES, Smoot EW, Eisner E, Crescini ES, Kohn L, Vargas LF, Chacón M, Betty M, Machnicki M, Wu MY, Baer NA, Belda-Ferre P, Hoff PD, Seaver P, Ostrander RT, Tsai R, Sathe S, Aigner S, Morgan SC, Ngo TT, Barber T, Cheung W, Carlin AF, Yeo GW, Laurent LC, Fielding-Miller R, Knight R. Comparison of heat-inactivated and infectious SARS-CoV-2 across indoor surface materials shows comparable RT-qPCR viral signal intensity and persistence. bioRxiv 2021:2021.07.16.452756. [PMID: 34312621 PMCID: PMC8312891 DOI: 10.1101/2021.07.16.452756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Environmental monitoring in public spaces can be used to identify surfaces contaminated by persons with COVID-19 and inform appropriate infection mitigation responses. Research groups have reported detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on surfaces days or weeks after the virus has been deposited, making it difficult to estimate when an infected individual may have shed virus onto a SARS-CoV-2 positive surface, which in turn complicates the process of establishing effective quarantine measures. In this study, we determined that reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) detection of viral RNA from heat-inactivated particles experiences minimal decay over seven days of monitoring on eight out of nine surfaces tested. The properties of the studied surfaces result in RT-qPCR signatures that can be segregated into two material categories, rough and smooth, where smooth surfaces have a lower limit of detection. RT-qPCR signal intensity (average quantification cycle (Cq)) can be correlated to surface viral load using only one linear regression model per material category. The same experiment was performed with infectious viral particles on one surface from each category, with essentially identical results. The stability of RT-qPCR viral signal demonstrates the need to clean monitored surfaces after sampling to establish temporal resolution. Additionally, these findings can be used to minimize the number of materials and time points tested and allow for the use of heat-inactivated viral particles when optimizing environmental monitoring methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo A Salido
- These authors contributed equally
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Victor J Cantú
- These authors contributed equally
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alex E Clark
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Sandra L Leibel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Anahid Foroughishafiei
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Anushka Saha
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Alhakam Nouri
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Alma L Lastrella
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Anelizze Castro-Martínez
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Ashley Plascencia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Bhavika Kapadia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Bing Xia
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Christopher Ruiz
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Clarisse A Marotz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Daniel Maunder
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Elijah S Lawrence
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Elizabeth W Smoot
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Emily Eisner
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Evelyn S Crescini
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Laura Kohn
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Lizbeth Franco Vargas
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Marisol Chacón
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Maryann Betty
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA
| | - Michal Machnicki
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Min Yi Wu
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Nathan A Baer
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Pedro Belda-Ferre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Peter De Hoff
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Phoebe Seaver
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - R Tyler Ostrander
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Rebecca Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Shashank Sathe
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Stefan Aigner
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Sydney C Morgan
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Toan T Ngo
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tom Barber
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Willi Cheung
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Expedited COVID Identification Environment (EXCITE) Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- San Diego State University, San Diego, CA
| | - Aaron F Carlin
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, Department of Medicine; University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Gene W Yeo
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Dept of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Louise C Laurent
- Sanford Consortium of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, USA
| | - Rebecca Fielding-Miller
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Co-corresponding authors
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Co-corresponding authors
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ulrich RN, Guillermic M, Campbell J, Hakim A, Han R, Singh S, Stewart JD, Román-Palacios C, Carroll HM, De Corte I, Gilmore RE, Doss W, Tripati A, Ries JB, Eagle RA. Patterns of Element Incorporation in Calcium Carbonate Biominerals Recapitulate Phylogeny for a Diverse Range of Marine Calcifiers. Front Earth Sci (Lausanne) 2021; 9:641760. [PMID: 36381649 PMCID: PMC9645792 DOI: 10.3389/feart.2021.641760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Elemental ratios in biogenic marine calcium carbonates are widely used in geobiology, environmental science, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. It is generally accepted that the elemental abundance of biogenic marine carbonates reflects a combination of the abundance of that ion in seawater, the physical properties of seawater, the mineralogy of the biomineral, and the pathways and mechanisms of biomineralization. Here we report measurements of a suite of nine elemental ratios (Li/Ca, B/Ca, Na/Ca, Mg/Ca, Zn/Ca, Sr/Ca, Cd/Ca, Ba/Ca, and U/Ca) in 18 species of benthic marine invertebrates spanning a range of biogenic carbonate polymorph mineralogies (low-Mg calcite, high-Mg calcite, aragonite, mixed mineralogy) and of phyla (including Mollusca, Echinodermata, Arthropoda, Annelida, Cnidaria, Chlorophyta, and Rhodophyta) cultured at a single temperature (25°C) and a range of pCO2 treatments (ca. 409, 606, 903, and 2856 ppm). This dataset was used to explore various controls over elemental partitioning in biogenic marine carbonates, including species-level and biomineralization-pathway-level controls, the influence of internal pH regulation compared to external pH changes, and biocalcification responses to changes in seawater carbonate chemistry. The dataset also enables exploration of broad scale phylogenetic patterns of elemental partitioning across calcifying species, exhibiting high phylogenetic signals estimated from both uni- and multivariate analyses of the elemental ratio data (univariate: λ = 0-0.889; multivariate: λ = 0.895-0.99). Comparing partial R 2 values returned from non-phylogenetic and phylogenetic regression analyses echo the importance of and show that phylogeny explains the elemental ratio data 1.4-59 times better than mineralogy in five out of nine of the elements analyzed. Therefore, the strong associations between biomineral elemental chemistry and species relatedness suggests mechanistic controls over element incorporation rooted in the evolution of biomineralization mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert N. Ulrich
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Maxence Guillermic
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Julia Campbell
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Abbas Hakim
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Rachel Han
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shayleen Singh
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Justin D. Stewart
- Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cristian Román-Palacios
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Hannah M. Carroll
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ilian De Corte
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Plouzané, France
| | - Rosaleen E. Gilmore
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Whitney Doss
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Plouzané, France
| | - Aradhna Tripati
- Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Plouzané, France
- American Indian Studies Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Justin B. Ries
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Marine Science Center, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert A. Eagle
- Institute of the Environment and Sustainability, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Center for Diverse Leadership in Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Plouzané, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Inampudi P, Seam R, Pandey L, Malik D, Pandey A, Anjali A, Hakim A, Mahajan R, Sharma S. 84P Prospective comparative study of dosimetric parameters and acute radiation toxicity of 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in post mastectomy carcinoma breast patients. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.03.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
29
|
Condon T, Hakim A, Moran ABZ, Blumstein DT. The effect of mobbing vocalizations on risk perception in common mynas (Acridotheres tristis). J ETHOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10164-020-00677-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
30
|
Cristea M, Frankel P, Synold T, Stewart D, Wang E, Jung A, Wilczynski S, Tran M, Konecny G, Eng M, Kilpatrick L, Chen YJ, Glaser S, Han E, Dellinger T, Hakim A, Lee S, Morgan R, Rodriguez L, Wakabayashi M. 863P A phase I study of mirvetuximab soravtansine (MIRV) and gemcitabine (G) in pts with selected FRα -positive solid tumours: Results in the endometrial cancer (EC) cohort. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
31
|
Balachandra S, Rogers JH, Ruangtragool L, Radin E, Musuka G, Oboho I, Paulin H, Parekh B, Birhanu S, Takarinda KC, Hakim A, Apollo T. Concurrent advanced HIV disease and viral load suppression in a high-burden setting: Findings from the 2015-6 ZIMPHIA survey. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230205. [PMID: 32584821 PMCID: PMC7316262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As Zimbabwe approaches epidemic control of HIV, programs now prioritize viral load over CD4 monitoring, making it difficult to identify persons living with HIV (PLHIV) suffering from advanced disease (AD). We present an analysis of cross-sectional ZIMPHIA data, highlighting PLHIV with AD and concurrent viral load suppression (VLS). METHODS ZIMPHIA collected blood specimens for HIV testing from 22,501 consenting adults (ages 15 years and older); 3,466 PLHIV had CD4 and VL results. Household HIV testing used the national serial algorithm, and those testing positive then received point-of-care CD4 enumeration with subsequent VL testing. We used logistic regression analysis to explore factors associated with concurrent AD and VLS (<1000 copies/mL). All analyses were weighted to account for complex survey design. RESULTS Of the 3,466 PLHIV in the survey with CD4 and VL results, 17% were found to have AD (CD4<200cells/mm3). Of all AD patients, 30% had VLS. Concurrent AD and VLS was associated with male sex (aOR 2.45 95%CI 1.61-3.72), older age (35-49 years [aOR 2.46 95%CI 1.03-5.91] and 50+ years [aOR 4.82 95%CI 2.02-11.46] vs 15-24 years), and ART duration (<6 months [aOR 0.46 95%CI 0.29-0.76] and 6-24 months [aOR 2.07 95%CI 1.35-3.17] vs more than 2 years). The relationship between sex and AD is driven by age with significant associations among men aged 25-34, (aOR 3.37 95%CI 1.35-8.41), 35-49 (aOR 5.13 95%CI 2.16-12.18), and 50+ (aOR 12.56 95%CI 4.82-32.72) versus men aged 15-24. CONCLUSIONS The percentage of PLHIV with AD and VLS illustrates the conundrum of decreased support for CD4 monitoring, as these patients may not receive appropriate clinical services for advanced HIV disease. In high-prevalence settings such as Zimbabwe, CD4 monitoring support warrants further consideration to differentiate care appropriately for the most vulnerable PLHIV. Males may need to be prioritized, given their over-representation in this sub-population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Balachandra
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bluffhill, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - J. H. Rogers
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bluffhill, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - L. Ruangtragool
- PHI/CDC Global Epidemiology Fellowship, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Bluffhill, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - E. Radin
- ICAP New York, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - G. Musuka
- ICAP Zimbabwe, Avondale, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - I. Oboho
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - H. Paulin
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - B. Parekh
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - S. Birhanu
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | | | - A. Hakim
- Division of Global HIV and Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - T. Apollo
- Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Affiliation(s)
- A Hakim
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - F Wagner
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ullah S, Naz A, Khan W, Ali B, Hakim A. Struggling for Survival: The Intricate Relationship between Poverty & Hiv/Aids In District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. cswhi 2019. [DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_10_2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
34
|
Koubaa A, Elloumi A, Trabelsi H, Masmoudi L, Sahnoun Z, Hakim A. Physical activity improves cardiovascular capacity and prevents decline in lung function caused by smoking: Efficacy of the intermittent and continuous training Program. Sci Sports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
35
|
Hakim A, Wagner F. Another Important Pitfall in the Diagnosis of Dural Sinus Thrombosis in Neonates. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:E92. [PMID: 29773565 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Hakim
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
| | - F Wagner
- University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ivalo S, Read J, Losso M, Gladstone D, Hakim A, Ballivian J. Loss-to-Follow Up and Other Outcomes among HIV-Infected Women in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Previously Enrolled in NISDI Perinatal Cohort Studies. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.3957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
37
|
Ng Y, Rusani B, Anuar S, Hakim A, Khairuddin A, Mohd AR, Omar A. The Role of Coronary CT Calcium as a Stand-Alone Screening Tool for Coronary Artery Disease in a Younger Multi-Racial Asian Population. Int J Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.09.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
38
|
Rival P, Slade G, Al-Khalil M, Kandage D, Quinn P, Deacon-Elliott E, Richardson P, Hakim A, Squires O. Undergraduate Surgical Teaching: Reflections by a Student-Led Surgical Society. Int J Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.08.362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
39
|
Goldston R, Hakim A, Hammett G, Jaworski M, Schwartz J. Recent advances towards a lithium vapor box divertor. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
40
|
Ben Mahmoud L, Hakim A, Ghozzi H, Atheymen R, Sahnoun Z, Zeghal K. Influence of age and co-medication on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of valproic acid in Tunisian patients with epilepsy. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2017; 173:159-163. [PMID: 28320517 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely prescribed broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug. However, the use of VPA is complicated in clinical practice by its remarkably wide variability of pharmacokinetics. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of demographic factors and associated therapies on steady-state plasma VPA concentrations in patients with epilepsy. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was carried out using the routine therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) database. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to compare serum VPA levels in 78 epilepsy patients treated with VPA in association with at least one other drug that could have interacted with CYP2C9, CYP2C19 or UGT enzymes. RESULTS The frequency of subtherapeutic serum VPA levels was significantly increased with younger age (P<0.02), the number of co-medications (P<0.007) and use of enzyme-inducing co-medications (P<0.02). No significant correlations between VPA dose and trough plasma concentrations were found, as the latter did not increase in proportion to the dose. CONCLUSION Routine monitoring of VPA serum levels would be extremely useful in epilepsy patients in the pediatric age group and in those who require associated enzyme-inducing medications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Ben Mahmoud
- University of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology Department, Bd Majida Boulila, Sfax 3029, Tunisia.
| | - A Hakim
- University of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology Department, Bd Majida Boulila, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - H Ghozzi
- University of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology Department, Bd Majida Boulila, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - R Atheymen
- University of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology Department, Bd Majida Boulila, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Z Sahnoun
- University of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology Department, Bd Majida Boulila, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - K Zeghal
- University of Sfax, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology Department, Bd Majida Boulila, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Feki A, Ben Saad H, Jaballi I, Magne C, Boudawara O, Zeghal KM, Hakim A, Ben Ali Y, Ben Amara I. Methyl thiophanate-induced toxicity in liver and kidney of adult rats: a biochemical, molecular and histopathological approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 63:20-28. [PMID: 28364781 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2017.63.2.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the redox effects of Thiophanate methyl (MT) in the rat liver and kidney. Our results showed, after 3 days of MT injection (700 mg/kg), an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide and advanced oxidation protein products levels. Glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were also remarkably increased in the liver but decrease in the kidney. Glutathione and vitamin C values were significantly reduced. The changes in biochemical parameters were substantiated by histological and molecular data. A smear without ladder formation on agarose gel was shown, indicating random DNA degradation in the liver and the kidney of MT treated rats. The increase in cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression, marker of inflammation, and an increase in genes expression of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in liver and their decrease in the kidney were also occurred after MT exposure. These data confirmed the pro-oxidant and genotoxic effects of this fungicide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Feki
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, 3000 Sfax, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - H Ben Saad
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, UR/12 ES-13, Faculty of Medicine, 3029 Sfax, University of Sfax , Tunisia
| | - I Jaballi
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, 3000 Sfax, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - C Magne
- EA 2219 Géoarchitecture, University of Western Brittany, UFR Sciences & Techniques, 6 Avenue V. Le Gorgeu, CS 93 837, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
| | - O Boudawara
- Anatomopathology Laboratory, CHU Habib Bourguiba 3029. Sfax University. Tunisia
| | - K M Zeghal
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, UR/12 ES-13, Faculty of Medicine, 3029 Sfax, University of Sfax , Tunisia
| | - A Hakim
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, UR/12 ES-13, Faculty of Medicine, 3029 Sfax, University of Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Y Ben Ali
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases. BP3038-1173, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - I Ben Amara
- Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Sfax, 3000 Sfax, Sfax University, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Smith T, de Medici A, Oduoza U, Hakim A, Paton B, Retter G, Haddad F, Macgregor A. National survey to evaluate musuloskeletal health in retired professional ballet dancers in the United Kingdom. Phys Ther Sport 2017; 23:82-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
|
43
|
Simmonds J, Hakim A, Herbland A, Ninis N, Aziz Q, Lever W, Cairns M. Exercise beliefs and behaviours amongst individuals with joint hypermobility syndrome/Ehlers Danlos Syndrome – Hypermobility type. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.math.2016.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
44
|
Hakim A, Hoque S, Ullah SM. Isolation, Characterization, and Identification of Bacterial Population from Textile and Tannery Effluents of Bangladesh. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.3329/bjm.v29i2.28441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Ten effluent samples from two different sites located at Hazaribagh tannery belt and Dhaka EPZ, Savar were collected. This study aimed to compare the bacterial composition isolated from tannery and textile effluents and to investigate the occurrence of metal toxicity tolerant and dye degrading bacteria and to select the potential strains for the use in bioremediation. The average bacterial count of HT and DETDE varied in between 3.35×106 and 5.45×106 cfu/mL and 4.8×106 and 7.75×106cfu/mL, respectively. A total of 12 bacterial isolates were characterized as strains of Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Pseudomonas. A few, however, were re-cultured on other recommended media for verification of diagnostic characteristics. Maximum numbers of bacterial species were isolated from textile effluent. The results showed that a Gram-positive bacillus with a yellow pigment was considered as a major group of the population. Among them three isolates were identified based on alignments of partial sequence of 16S rRNA gene. These are also being used in different wastewater and metal treatment plants all over the world.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 29, Number 2, Dec 2012, pp 84-88
Collapse
|
45
|
Hakim A, Hilal L, Mukherji D, Temraz S, Shamseddine A. RM-033 Rectal cancer in patients younger than 40 at AUBMC: tumor characteristics and comparative survival and disease free survival. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw201.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
46
|
Ben Saad H, Ben Amara I, Krayem N, Boudawara T, Kallel C, Zeghal KM, Hakim A. Ameliorative effects of vanillin on potassium bromate induces bone and blood disorders in vivo. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2015; 61:12-22. [PMID: 26567599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the propensity of potassium bromate (KBrO3) to induce oxidative stress in blood and bone of adult mice and its possible attenuation by vanillin. Our results demonstrated, after KBrO3 treatment, a decrease of red blood cells and hemoglobin and a significant increase of white blood cell. A decrease in plasma levels of folic acid, vitamin B12 and iron was also noted. Interestingly, an increase of lipid peroxidation, hydroperoxides, hydrogen peroxide, advanced oxidation protein products and protein carbonyl levels in erythrocytes and bone was observed, while superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities and glutathione, non-protein thiol and vitamin C levels were decreased. KBrO3 treatment resulted in blood and bone DNA fragmentation, a hallmark of genotoxicity-KBrO3-induced, with reduction of DNA levels. Calcium and phosphorus levels showed a decrease in the bone and an increase in the plasma after KBrO3 treatment. These biochemical alterations were accompanied by histological changes in the blood smear and bone tissue. Treatment with vanillin improved the histopathological, hematotoxic and genotoxic effects induced by KBrO3. The results showed, for the first time, that the vanillin possesses a potent protective effect against the oxidative stress and genotoxicity in bone and blood of KBrO3-treated mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Ben Saad
- University of Sfax Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Sfax Tunisia
| | - I Ben Amara
- University of Sfax Higher Institute of Biotechnology Sfax Tunisia
| | - N Krayem
- Sfax University Laboratory of Biochemistry and Enzymatic Engineering of Lipases Sfax Tunisia
| | - T Boudawara
- University of Sfax Anatomopathology Laboratory, Habib Bourguiba University Hospital Sfax Tunisia
| | - C Kallel
- University of Sfax Hematology Laboratory, Habib Bourguiba Hospital Sfax Tunisia
| | - K M Zeghal
- University of Sfax Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Sfax Tunisia
| | - A Hakim
- University of Sfax Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Sfax Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Stanier A, Daughton W, Chacón L, Karimabadi H, Ng J, Huang YM, Hakim A, Bhattacharjee A. Role of Ion Kinetic Physics in the Interaction of Magnetic Flux Ropes. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:175004. [PMID: 26551121 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.175004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To explain many natural magnetized plasma phenomena, it is crucial to understand how rates of collisionless magnetic reconnection scale in large magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) scale systems. Simulations of isolated current sheets conclude such rates are independent of system size and can be reproduced by the Hall-MHD model, but neglect sheet formation and coupling to MHD scales. Here, it is shown for the problem of flux-rope merging, which includes this formation and coupling, that the Hall-MHD model fails to reproduce the kinetic results. The minimum sufficient model must retain ion kinetic effects, which set the ion diffusion region geometry and give time-averaged rates that reduce significantly with system size, leading to different global evolution in large systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Stanier
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - W Daughton
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Chacón
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H Karimabadi
- SciberQuest, Inc., Del Mar, California 92014, USA
| | - J Ng
- Center for Heliophysics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - Y-M Huang
- Center for Heliophysics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - A Hakim
- Center for Heliophysics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| | - A Bhattacharjee
- Center for Heliophysics, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hakim A, Rozeik C, Fedorcak M. Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) in a child with Down syndrome. A case report and follow-up with MRI. BJR Case Rep 2015; 1:20150011. [PMID: 30363610 PMCID: PMC6180817 DOI: 10.1259/bjrcr.20150011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) is a subtype of inherited metabolic disorders. It includes pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), which is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by the mutation of pantothenate kinase 2-gene (PANK2). It affects the deep grey matter nuclei causing progressive extrapyramidal motor impairment.1 We present a case of genetically proven PKAN in a child with mosaic trisomy 21 in which T2- hyperintensity of the basal ganglia was seen followed by the classic eye-of-the-tiger sign in a follow-up MRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Hakim
- Radiology Department, Lörrach District Hospital, Lörrach Germany
| | - C Rozeik
- Radiology Department, Lörrach District Hospital, Lörrach Germany
| | - M Fedorcak
- Centre of Paediatrics and Youth Medicine, St. Elizabeth Hospital, Lörrach Germany
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Simmonds J, Cairns M, Ninis N, Lever W, Aziz Q, Hakim A. Attitudes, beliefs and behaviours towards exercise amongst individuals with joint hypermobility syndrome/Ehlers Danlos Syndrome – Hypermobility Type. Physiotherapy 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.1349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
50
|
Sellami K, Chami I, Chaari I, Bahloul E, Masmoudi A, Chaabane H, Amouri M, Boudaya S, Hakim A, Zghal K, Mseddi M, Turki H. Leishmaniose cutanée traitée par Glucantime® en intramusculaire : redouter une toxicité pancréatique ! Ann Dermatol Venereol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2014.09.517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|