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Ubinha ACF, Pedrão PG, Tadini AC, Schmidt RL, dos Santos MH, Andrade CEMDC, Longatto Filho A, dos Reis R. The Role of Pelvic Exenteration in Cervical Cancer: A Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:817. [PMID: 38398208 PMCID: PMC10886894 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Pelvic exenteration represents a radical procedure aimed at achieving complete tumor resection with negative margins. Although it is the only therapeutic option for some cases of advanced tumors, it is associated with several perioperative complications. We believe that careful patient selection is related to better oncologic outcomes and lower complication rates. The objectives of this review are to identify the most current indications for this intervention, suggest criteria for case selection, evaluate recommendations for perioperative care, and review oncologic outcomes and potential associated complications. To this end, an analysis of English language articles in PubMed was performed, searching for topics such as the indication for pelvic exenteration for recurrent gynecologic neoplasms selection of oncologic cases, the impact of tumor size and extent on oncologic outcomes, preoperative and postoperative surgical management, surgical complications, and outcomes of overall survival and recurrence-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carla Franco Ubinha
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784-400, Brazil; (R.L.S.); (M.H.d.S.); (C.E.M.d.C.A.); (R.d.R.)
| | - Priscila Grecca Pedrão
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784-400, Brazil; (P.G.P.); (A.L.F.)
| | - Aline Cássia Tadini
- Barretos School of Health Sciences, Dr. Paulo Prata-FACISB, Barretos 14785-002, Brazil;
| | - Ronaldo Luis Schmidt
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784-400, Brazil; (R.L.S.); (M.H.d.S.); (C.E.M.d.C.A.); (R.d.R.)
| | - Marcelo Henrique dos Santos
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784-400, Brazil; (R.L.S.); (M.H.d.S.); (C.E.M.d.C.A.); (R.d.R.)
| | | | - Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784-400, Brazil; (P.G.P.); (A.L.F.)
- Medical Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM), Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ricardo dos Reis
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784-400, Brazil; (R.L.S.); (M.H.d.S.); (C.E.M.d.C.A.); (R.d.R.)
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Lorenzi NPC, Termini L, Longatto Filho A, Tacla M, de Aguiar LM, Beldi MC, Ferreira-Filho ES, Baracat EC, Soares-Júnior JM. Age-related acceptability of vaginal self-sampling in cervical cancer screening at two university hospitals: a pilot cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:963. [PMID: 31319838 PMCID: PMC6637504 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine whether age is a barrier against acceptability of cervicovaginal self-sampling in screening for cervical cancer at two gynecology outpatient clinics. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study involving 116 women over 21 years of age with an abnormal Pap smear. Clinical and laboratorial data were recorded in electronic files. Women received detailed self-collection instructions. After the self-sampling procedure (Evalyn Brush®), women were instructed to answer a questionnaire about vaginal self-sampling acceptability that consisted of seven multiple-choice items. The participants were divided into three age brackets: 21 to 29 years, 30 to 49 years, and 50 years and over. Chi-square, Fischer exact, Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used. RESULTS The analysis of the participants' perception of the procedure stratified according to age groups showed a decline in the fear of hurting oneself during the procedure as age increased. Most participants reported that it was very easy to understand how to use the self-sampling brush and that it was easy to use it. Most of them were neither embarrassed nor afraid of getting hurt during the procedure. The majority preferred self-sampling to collection by a healthcare professional. The main reason was practicality: the possibility of choosing the place and time for sampling. CONCLUSIONS The participating women found self-collection simple to understand and easy to accept regardless of age. The younger women indicated more fear and discomfort in self-sampling, which points to the need for attraction strategies that are more appealing to the younger generations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lara Termini
- Center for Translational Investigation in Oncology, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital/Pio XII Foundation, Barretos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Research Institute of Life and Health Sciences (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,8ICVS / 3B's - Associated Laboratory to the Government of Portugal, Braga / Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Maricy Tacla
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lana Maria de Aguiar
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Carmezim Beldi
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Santos Ferreira-Filho
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edmund Chada Baracat
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Maria Soares-Júnior
- Disciplina de Ginecologia, Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Gama RR, Carvalho AL, Filho AL, Scorsato AP, López RVM, Rautava J, Syrjänen S, Syrjänen K. Detection of human papillomavirus in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Laryngoscope 2015; 126:885-93. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.25738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Ribeiro Gama
- Department of Surgical Oncology; Head and Neck Surgery, Barretos Cancer Hospital; Barretos Brazil
| | - André Lopes Carvalho
- Department of Surgical Oncology; Head and Neck Surgery, Barretos Cancer Hospital; Barretos Brazil
| | - Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14; Department of Pathology; University of São Paulo School of Medicine; São Paulo Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho; Braga Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory; Braga/Guimarães Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital; Barretos Brazil
| | | | | | - Jaana Rautava
- Department of Oral Pathology and Radiology; Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - Stina Syrjänen
- Department of Oral Pathology and Radiology; Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - Kari Syrjänen
- Department of Clinical Research; Biohit HealthCare Plc; Helsinki Finland
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Porto CRC, De Oliveira Kleine JPF, Longatto Filho A, Da Silva IDCG. Polymorphism of Interleukin-6 is not associated with the presence or absence of high HPV E6/E7. Anticancer Res 2014; 34:3501-3504. [PMID: 24982360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study evaluated the frequency of the polymorphism of Interleukin-6 (IL6) in women positive for E6/E7 Human Papillomavirus (HPV) (n=152) and women negative for HPV (n=238), 390 women in total. Material for analysis was obtained at the Federal University of São Paulo. Interleukin-6 polymorphism was detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and analyzed in 3% agarose gel. RESULTS No significant associations between the frequency of the polymorphism of IL6 in patients expressing E6 and E7 with HPV-positive and -negative reactions were found. There was no statistically significant difference between the case and control group for genotype distribution (p=0.280). CONCLUSION Genotypic analysis showed a striking similarity of IL6 polymorphisms in both cases and controls. The allelic distribution in cases and controls for G and C of IL6 were very similar (p=0.186), which could point to similar IL6 functionality for both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Regina Cinti Porto
- Molecular Gynecology Laboratory, Gynecology Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII Foundation, Barretos, Brazil Laboratory of Medical Investigation 14, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal Government Associate Laboratory, Braga Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ismael Dale Cotrim Guerreiro Da Silva
- Molecular Gynecology Laboratory, Gynecology Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Pio XII Foundation, Barretos, Brazil
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Roncaglia MT, Fregnani JHTG, Tacla M, DE Campos SGP, Caiaffa HH, Ab'saber A, DA Motta EV, Alves VAF, Baracat EC, Longatto Filho A. Characterization of p16 and E6 HPV-related proteins in uterine cervix high-grade lesions of patients treated by conization with large loop excision. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:63-68. [PMID: 23946778 PMCID: PMC3742822 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer and its precursor lesions represent a significant public health problem for developing and less-developed countries. Cervical carcinogenesis is strongly correlated with persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which is mostly associated with expression of the p16 and E6 HPV-related proteins. The aim of this present study was to determine the expression of the p16 and E6 proteins in females with high-grade lesions treated with conization, and to discuss the role of these proteins as prognostic markers following treatment. In total, 114 females were treated for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN, grades 2/3) by conization with large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ). Following surgery, the patients returned within 30–45 days for post-operative evaluation. A follow-up was conducted every 6 months for 2 years. At each follow-up appointment, a Pap smear, colposcopy and HPV DNA test were performed. E6 and p16 immunohistochemical tests were conducted on the surgical specimens. The positive expression of p16 was correlated with the presence of lesions with increased severity in the surgical specimens (P= 0.0001). The expression of E6 did not demonstrate the same correlation (P=0.131). The HPV DNA hybrid, collected in the first post-operative consultation as a predictor of the cytological abnormalities identified at the 24-month follow-up assessment, presented a sensitivity of 55.6%, a specificity of 84.8%, a positive predictive value of 33.3% and a negative predictive value of 93.3%. The role of p16INK4A as a marker of CIN was also demonstrated; the expression of p16 and E6, however, did not appear to be of any prognostic value in predicting the clearance of high-risk HPV following conization. A negative hybrid capture test was correlated with a disease-free outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Roncaglia
- Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo University, Cerqueira César, São Paulo, Brazil
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Carneseca EC, Mauad EC, Araujo MAAD, Dalbó RM, Longatto Filho A, Vazquez VDL. The Hospital de Câncer de Barretos Registry: an analysis of cancer survival at a single institution in Brazil over a 10-year period. BMC Res Notes 2013; 6:141. [PMID: 23574710 PMCID: PMC3637553 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-6-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies that describe cancer survival statistics at specific hospitals are scarce. Cancer registries, which are collections of cancer patient characteristics, treatment and outcome data, help determine quality of care and treatment indicators. METHODS This study analysed data from patients treated between 2000 and 2009 at the Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, a referral cancer hospital in Brazil. The analysis included all cases among the nine most common types of cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2009. The main characteristics of the patients, tumours, treatment procedures and survival were described and discussed. The five-year survival rate of patients with cancer diagnosed between 2000 and 2005 were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods. Multivariable analysis was performed using Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS It was analyzed 42,825 cancer cases relating to the nine primary locations in more frequent at the institution. Most of the patients were men (52.8%) and over the age of 60 years (65.1%). Approximately 1% of the treated cancers were not staged, and 0.4% lacked follow-up data. Excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer, the most common tumours were prostate and breast cancer, which were mainly diagnosed at early stages. Five-year survival for these cancers were 78.2% and 74.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS During this ten-year period, the Hospital de Câncer de Barretos Registry collected, processed and analysed data related to all cases treated at the institution, providing relevant information about patient characteristics and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela Cristina Carneseca
- Hospital Cancer Registry - Institute for Research and Education, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, São Paulo, Barretos, Brazil
- Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, 1331 Antenor Duarte Villella Street, Zip Code: 14784-400 Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Aurélio Alves de Araujo
- Hospital Cancer Registry - Institute for Research and Education, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, São Paulo, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rafael Macrina Dalbó
- Hospital Cancer Registry - Institute for Research and Education, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, São Paulo, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Molecular Oncology Research Center - Institute for Research and Education, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius de Lima Vazquez
- Hospital Cancer Registry - Institute for Research and Education, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, São Paulo, Barretos, Brazil
- Department of Surgery, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Molecular Oncology Research Center - Institute for Research and Education, Hospital de Câncer de Barretos, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Martins SF, Garcia EA, Luz MAM, Pardal F, Rodrigues M, Filho AL. Clinicopathological correlation and prognostic significance of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression in colorectal cancer. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2013; 10:55-67. [PMID: 23603341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer and the fourth most frequent cause of cancer death. Literature indicates that vascular endothelial growth factor is a predominant angiogenic factor and that angiogenesis plays an important role in the progression of CRC. PATIENTS AND METHODS The present series consisted of tissue samples obtained from 672 patients who had undergone large bowel resection between 2005 and 2010 at the Braga Hospital, Portugal. Archival paraffin-embedded CRC tissue and normal adjacent samples were used to build up tissue microarray blocks and VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression was immunohistochemically assessed. RESULTS We observed an overexpression of VEGF-C in CRC when tumour cells and normal-adjacent tissue were compared (p=0.004). In tumour samples, VEGF-C-positive cases were associated with VEGFR-3 expression (p=0.047). When assessing the correlation between VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expressions and the clinicopathological data, it was revealed that VEGF-A positive cases were associated with male gender (p=0.016) and well-differentiated tumours (p=0.001); VEGF-C with colon cancers (p=0.037), exophytic (p=0.048), moderately-differentiated (p=0.007) and T3/T4 (p=0.010) tumours; VEGFR-2 with invasive adenocarcinoma (p=0.007) and VEGFR-3 with the presence of hepatic metastasis (p=0.032). Overall survival curves for CRC were statistically significant for rectal cancer, VEGF-C expression and stage III (p=0.019) and VEGFR-3 expression and stage IV (p=0.047). CONCLUSION Quantification of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 expression seems to provide valuable prognostic information in CRC and the correlation with clinicopathological data revealed an association with characteristics that contribute to progression, invasion and metastasis leading to poorer survival rates and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra F Martins
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, ICVS, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, and Pathology Department, Braga Hospital, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Heinke T, Espiríto Santo KSD, Longatto Filho A, Stavale JN. Vascular endothelial growth factor and KIT expression in relation with microvascular density and tumor grade in supratentorial astrocytic tumors. Acta Cir Bras 2013; 28:48-54. [PMID: 23338113 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502013000100008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the relationship between microvascular density and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and KIT as possible markers of angiogenic stimulus in astrocytic tumors and correlate it with histopathological grading. METHODS We enrolled 99 surgical specimens of supratentorial astrocytic tumors for analysis of VEGF and KIT and subsequent correlation with MVD and grading. RESULTS KIT and VEGF expression correlated with microvascular density (p<0.005) and both VEGF and microvascular density correlated with grading (p<0.005). KIT had no significant relationship with grading (p=0.657). CONCLUSION KIT and VEGF constitute important pathways in the angiogenesis of astrocytomas and therefore are promising prognostic tools and options for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Heinke
- Department of Pathology, Investigative Pathology Division, EPM, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Tiburcio M, Costa SMA, DE Fatima Duarte M, Schmitt FC, Longatto Filho A. Characterization of PAR1 and FGFR1 expression in invasive breast carcinomas: Prognostic significance. Oncol Lett 2012. [PMID: 23205078 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer mortality among women worldwide. Among the several factors associated with breast cancer development, angiogenesis plays an essential role and has currently emerged as a potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic target. Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) have important activities in tumor angiogenesis and progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of these two receptors, hypothesising significant correlations between receptor expression in tumor angiogenesis and clinicopathological parameters customarily used in breast cancer prognosis and prediction. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples of ductal invasive breast carcinomas were used to analyze the expression of PAR1 and FGFR1, in the tumor cells as well as in the tumor stroma, and further determine intratumoral microvessel density (iMVD) to quantify intratumoral angiogenesis. Correlations between PAR1 and FGFR1 expression in tumor cells and stroma, iMVD and several clinicopathological parameters and molecular markers used in breast cancer diagnosis have been addressed. The correlation between PAR1 and FGFR1 suggests an association of the two receptors with a more aggressive breast cancer phenotype and, consequently, a potential role during tumor progression. The results reported in the present study also emphasize the importance of microenvironmental factors in tumor progression, while precluding the positive association between iMVD and breast cancer aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Tiburcio
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães
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Cardeal LBDS, Boccardo E, Termini L, Rabachini T, Andreoli MA, di Loreto C, Filho AL, Villa LL, Maria-Engler SS. HPV16 oncoproteins induce MMPs/RECK-TIMP-2 imbalance in primary keratinocytes: possible implications in cervical carcinogenesis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33585. [PMID: 22438955 PMCID: PMC3306414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV types, principally HPV16 and 18 is the main risk factor for the development of this malignancy. However, the onset of invasive tumor occurs many years after initial exposure in a minority of infected women. This suggests that other factors beyond viral infection are necessary for tumor establishment and progression. Tumor progression is characterized by an increase in secretion and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) produced by either the tumor cells themselves or tumor-associated fibroblasts or macrophages. Increased MMPs expression, including MMP-2, MMP-9 and MT1-MMP, has been observed during cervical carcinoma progression. These proteins have been associated with degradation of ECM components, tumor invasion, metastasis and recurrence. However, few studies have evaluated the interplay between HPV infection and the expression and activity of MMPs and their regulators in cervical cancer. We analyzed the effect of HPV16 oncoproteins on the expression and activity of MMP-2, MMP-9, MT1-MMP, and their inhibitors TIMP-2 and RECK in cultures of human keratinocytes. We observed that E7 expression is associated with increased pro-MMP-9 activity in the epithelial component of organotypic cultures, while E6 and E7 oncoproteins co-expression down-regulates RECK and TIMP-2 levels in organotypic and monolayers cultures. Finally, a study conducted in human cervical tissues showed a decrease in RECK expression levels in precancer and cancer lesions. Our results indicate that HPV oncoproteins promote MMPs/RECK-TIMP-2 imbalance which may be involved in HPV-associated lesions outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Beatriz da Silva Cardeal
- Clinical Chemistry and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Enrique Boccardo
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Virology Group, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lara Termini
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Virology Group, São Paulo, Brazil
- HPV Institute – INCT-HPV, Santa Casa de Misericórdia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Rabachini
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Virology Group, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Celso di Loreto
- Nucleo de Patologia do Instituto Adolfo Lutz, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- PIO XII Foundation, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luisa Lina Villa
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Virology Group, São Paulo, Brazil
- HPV Institute – INCT-HPV, Santa Casa de Misericórdia, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvya Stuchi Maria-Engler
- Clinical Chemistry and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Termini L, Filho AL, Maciag PC, Etlinger D, Alves VAF, Nonogaki S, Soares FA, Villa LL. Deregulated expression of superoxide dismutase-2 correlates with different stages of cervical neoplasia. Dis Markers 2011; 30:275-81. [PMID: 21725155 PMCID: PMC3825245 DOI: 10.3233/dma-2011-0784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD2) is considered one of the most important antioxidant enzymes that regulate cellular redox state in normal and tumorigenic cells. Overexpression of this enzyme may be involved in carcinogenesis, particularly in lung, gastric, colorectal and breast cancer. Methods: In the present study, we have evaluated SOD2 protein levels by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 331 cervical histological samples including 31 low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (LSIL), 51 high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (HSIL), 197 squamous cervical carcinomas (SCC) and 52 cervical adenocarcinomas (ADENO). Results: We observed that SOD2 staining increases with cervical disease severity. Intense SOD2 staining was found in 13% of LSIL, 25.5% of HSIL and 40% of SCC. Moreover, 65.4% of ADENO exhibited intense SOD2 staining. Conclusions: Differences in the expression of SOD2 could potentially be used as a biomarker for the characterization of different stages of cervical disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Termini
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research - Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
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Martins SF, Reis RM, Rodrigues AM, Baltazar F, Filho AL. Role of endoglin and VEGF family expression in colorectal cancer prognosis and anti-angiogenic therapies. World J Clin Oncol 2011; 2:272-80. [PMID: 21773077 PMCID: PMC3139037 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v2.i6.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 04/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the cancer models and most of the carcinogenic steps are presently well understood. Therefore, successful preventive measures are currently used in medical practice. However, CRC is still an important public health problem as it is the third most common cancer and the fourth most frequent cause of cancer death worldwide. Nowadays, pathologic stage is a unique and well-recognized prognostic indicator, however, more accurate indicators of the biologic behavior of CRC are expected to improve the specificity of medical treatment. Angiogenesis plays an important role in the growth and progression of cancer but its role as a prognostic factor is still controversial. Probably the most important clinical implication of tumor angiogenesis is the development of anti-angiogenic therapy. The goal of this review is to critically evaluate the role of angiogenic markers, assessed by either endoglin-related microvessel density or expression of vascular endothelial growth factor family members in the CRC setting and discuss the role of these angiogenic markers in anti-angiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra F Martins
- Sandra F Martins, Rui M Reis, Fátima Baltazar, Adhemar Longatto Filho, Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Portugal - Campos of Gualtar - 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Roncaglia MT, Tacla M, Vieira da Motta E, Caiaffa H, Ab'Saber A, Alves VAF, Longatto Filho A, Baracat EC. Evaluation of the combination of cytology and hybrid capture to safely predict the high-grade lesion status of patients treated with conization with large loop excision of the transformation zone. Acta Cytol 2011; 55:421-5. [PMID: 21986168 DOI: 10.1159/000330808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to verify whether human papillomavirus (HPV) testing after conization treatment has some potential usefulness for predicting patients' outcome. STUDY DESIGN One hundred and twenty women were treated for HSIL by conization with large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ). Cytology, colposcopy-guided biopsy, and hybrid capture 2 (HC2) HPV DNA tests were performed before the surgical procedure and every 6 months for 2 years at follow-up. RESULTS More than 90% of the patients tested positive for high-risk HPV prior to the surgical intervention. Six months after the cervical conization, 74.75% of the patients tested negative for high-risk HPV DNA, and 19.41% were positive. Of the women who were HC2 negative, 72 showed normal cytological smears, 3 ASC-US, 2 LSIL, and 1 HSIL. Of those who were HC2 positive, 8 showed normal smears, 2 ASC-US, 2 ASC-H, 5 LSIL, and 1 case had HSIL, AGC, and squamous cells invasive carcinoma. Clinically, the HSIL case with a negative HPV test did not show any sign of high-grade lesions, and the clinical follow-up did not show residual lesions. CONCLUSIONS Negative HPV tests correlated with freedom from high-grade disease after 2 years of postconization follow-up, which strongly suggests that negative HPV tests predict the absence of cervical disease.
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Filassi JR, Ricci MD, Trinconi AF, Calvano DC, Pompei LDM, Longatto Filho A, Baracat EC. [Assessment of pain sensitivity and factors involved in the quality of the sample fluid cytologic papillary: preliminary results from the use of automated collection]. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2010; 32:491-496. [PMID: 21271156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE to evaluate painful sensitivity and factors involved in producing papillary fluid suitable for cytological analysis by means of automated collection. METHODS we selected 50 asymptomatic women without a personal or family history of breast cancer, outside the pregnancy and childbirth cycle in order to collect papillary fluid by the automated system. We recorded and related to the production of papillary fluid patient age, smoking habit, previous breast surgery, parity, breastfeeding, menopausal status and age at menarche. All material collected was fixed in appropriate place, and sent separately for cytological analysis. The painful sensitivity of the collection procedure was assessed using the Borg Category-Ratio Scale (CR10 Scale). RESULTS patient age ranged from 22 to 59 years, mean 41.6 ± 8.6 years. Of the 50 patients, 20 (40%) showed no papillary fluid suitable for analysis in the breasts. In those patients from whom appropriate fluid was obtained for analysis of papillary cytology, parity was inversely related to the ability to obtain suitable cell samples with a level of statistical significance of p=0.035, OR=0.0032 (95%CI=0.0001-0.1388). Regarding soreness, the exam was well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS the automated method of fluid collection for analysis of papillary cytology was well tolerated by the women; thus producing analyzable material in 60% of cases, a rate was inversely related to parity.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Roberto Filassi
- Setor de Mastologia da Disciplina de Ginecologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade São Paulo – USP – São Paulo (SP), Brasil
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Tomita LY, Filho AL, Costa MC, Andreoli MAA, Villa LL, Franco EL, Cardoso MA. Diet and serum micronutrients in relation to cervical neoplasia and cancer among low-income Brazilian women. Int J Cancer 2010; 126:703-14. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mauad EC, do Rosario Dias de Oliveira Latorre M, Silva TB, Daher RM, de Lima Vazquez V, Oliveira ATT, Filho AL. Analysis of Survival Rates of Patients Diagnosed With Incipient Esophagic Cancer. World J Oncol 2010; 1:35-41. [PMID: 29147177 PMCID: PMC5649732 DOI: 10.4021/wjon2010.02.193w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophagic cancer incidence is extremely variable worldwide. Also, the global survival rate has not oscillated significantly since last decade. Most of the worse prognoses are found among patients with advanced stages. Despite that, around 10% of cases occur in patients with initial stage, which strongly associate these patients with unfavorable prognosis. We sought to analyze the impact of time free of disease and global survival rates of patients with initial stage of esophagic cancer. Methods We studied 18 patients with initial stage of esophagic cancer (stage 0 and I), examined and treated at Hospital de Cancer de Barretos between 1990 and 2005. Results The vast majority of patients were male (83.3%) with age up to 49 yarest old (77.8%), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (88.9%) and stage I (83.3%). Most of them were smoker (60.0%) and etilist (62.5%). There were 38.9% of the patients with comorbities like dysphagia and epigastralgia correlated to other pathological conditions. We found free disease rates of 100% and 82.5%, respectively for 12 and 36 months. The significant prognostic evidence was the age, epigastralgia symptoms and chemotherapy. From 18 patients, 6 passed away during the period of 36 months follow up due to cancer consequences. The probabilities of global survival were 76.7% and 64.4% after 12 and 36 months, respectively, and none of the analyzed variables influenced in theses rates. Conclusions Our data ratifies those from previous reported. The global survival rates were worse than reported by literature, maybe in consequence of the poor clinical condition of many patients which limited the option for more aggressive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thiago Buosi Silva
- Barretos Cancer Hospital, Department of Cancer Screening, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14 of Department of Pathology of Medical School of Sao Paulo University, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Filho AL, Gonçalves AEP, Martinho O, Schmitt FC, Reis RM. Liquid-based cytology in DNA-based molecular research: viability and potential application. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2009; 31:395-400. [PMID: 20698355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of UCM and PreservCyt liquid media in molecular analysis using exfoliated oral cells and analyze Tp53 codon 72 extracted from these cells. STUDY DESIGN Exfoliated oral cells were placed in UCM and PreservCyt preservation media. DNA was isolated by proteinase K/phenol-chloroform protocol. Quantity and quality was measured by Nanodrop 1000. To evaluate the applicability of the isolated DNA to molecular techniques, DNA from oral cells was used to analyze Tp53 codon 72 polymorphism and GADPH genes. RESULTS DNA was successfully isolated from all samples, with an average concentration of 56.52 +/- 34.68 ng/microL for UCM and 42.13 +/- 25.50 ng/microL for PreservCyt. Average 260/280 ratios were 1.83 +/- 0.06 for UCM and 1.74 +/- 0.11 for PreserveCyt. Analysis of Tp53 codon 72 by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed for all samples, with 4% of Pro/Pro, 60% of Arg/Arg and 36% of Arg/Pro genotype. In the analysis of GADPH multiplex polymerase chain reaction, fragments varying from 100 to 400 bp were obtained from all samples. CONCLUSION Cytologic liquid media are suitable for preserving cell samples for posterior DNA isolation and molecular analysis and could become reliable research tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Institute of Investigation in Health and Life Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
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De Oliveira ATT, Matos D, Logullo AF, DA Silva SRM, Neto RA, Filho AL, Saad SS. MET Is highly expressed in advanced stages of colorectal cancer and indicates worse prognosis and mortality. Anticancer Res 2009; 29:4807-4811. [PMID: 20032439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of the present study was to evaluate by immunohistochemistry the prognostic meaning of the tumor marker MET (hepatocyte growth factor) in patients submitted to surgical resection due to primary colorectal adenocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective study was carried out that included 286 consecutive patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma, submitted to surgical resection at Barretos Cancer Hospital, from 1993 to 2002. The histopathological expression of the MET tumor marker was evaluated using an anti-protein monoclonal antibody against MET by the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. The expression of the tumor marker was semi-quantitative, and the slide samples were independently analyzed by three pathologists unaware of patient clinical and histopathological data. RESULTS The tumor marker expression was positive in 236 (79%) out of a total of 286 patients. This expression was statistically significantly different between stages I and IV (p=0.004), for overall survival (p=0.009), and for cancer-related mortality rates (p=0.022). However, no association between the tumor marker and recurrence (p=0.89) or disease-free interval (p=0.91) was observed. CONCLUSION MET has shown significant expression at advanced stages of the disease, as well as for overall survival and cancer-related mortality rates demonstrating to be a valuable marker for poor prognosis in colorectal cancer patients.
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Pereira SMM, Etlinger D, Aguiar LS, Peres SV, Filho AL. SimultaneousChlamydia trachomatisand HPV infection in pregnant women. Diagn Cytopathol 2009; 38:397-401. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.21219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kibadi K, Panda M, Tamfum JJM, Fraga AG, Longatto Filho A, Anyo G, Pedrosa J, Nakazawa Y, Suykerbuyk P, Meyers WM, Portaels F. New foci of Buruli ulcer, Angola and Democratic Republic of Congo. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 14:1790-2. [PMID: 18976574 PMCID: PMC2630729 DOI: 10.3201/eid1411.071649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report 3 patients with laboratory-confirmed Buruli ulcer in Kafufu/Luremo, Angola, and Kasongo-Lunda, Democratic Republic of Congo. These villages are near the Kwango/Cuango River, which flows through both countries. Further investigation of artisanal alluvial mining as a risk factor for Buruli ulcer is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapay Kibadi
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
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Longatto Filho A, Duarte M, Schmitt FC. Lymphangiogenesis: from the pig embryos to cancer. J Bras Patol Med Lab 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s1676-24442008000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Moreira MAR, Longatto Filho A, Castelo A, de Barros MRE, Silva APD, Thomann P, Mattosinho de Castro Ferraz MDG, Dores GBD. How accurate is cytological diagnosis of cervical glandular lesions? Diagn Cytopathol 2008; 36:270-4. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.20799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Longatto Filho A, Oliveira TG, Pinheiro C, de Carvalho MB, Curioni OA, Mercante AMDC, Schmitt FC, Gattás GJ. How useful is the assessment of lymphatic vascular density in oral carcinoma prognosis? World J Surg Oncol 2007; 5:140. [PMID: 18072963 PMCID: PMC2228303 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7819-5-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lymphatic vessels are major routes for metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) are difficult to recognize in tumor histological sections. D2-40 stains podoplanin, a molecule expressed in LECs, however, the potential prognostic usefulness of this molecule is not completely understood in HNSCC. We aimed to investigate the value of assessing peritumoral and intratumoral lymphatic vessel density (LVD) as prognostic marker for HNSCC. Methods Thirty-one cases of HNSCC were stained for D2-40 and CD31. LVD and blood vessel density (BVD) were assessed by counting positive reactions in 10 hotspot areas at ×200 magnification. Results D2-40 was specific for lymphatic vessels and did not stain blood vascular endothelial cells. LECs showed more tortuous and disorganized structure in intratumoral lymphatic vessels than in peritumoral ones. No statistical differences were observed between peritumoral-LVD and intratumoral-LVD or between peritumoral-BVD and intratumoral-BVD. Tumor D2-40 staining was positively associated with lymphatic vessel invasion (p = 0.011). Conclusion LVD is a powerful marker for HNSCC prognosis. We found significant differences in peritumoral and intratumoral D2-40 immunoreactivity, which could have important implications in future therapeutic strategies and outcome evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
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Longatto Filho A, Costa S, Milanezi F, Montruccoli D, Montruccoli G, Baltazar F, Schmitt F. Immunohistochemical expression of VEGF-A and its ligands in non-neoplastic lesions of the breast sampling-assisted by dynamic angiothermography. Oncol Rep 2007. [DOI: 10.3892/or.18.5.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Roteli-Martins CM, Longatto Filho A, Hammes LS, Derchain SFM, Naud P, Matos JCD, Etlinger D, Sarian L, Gontijo RC, Maeda MYS, Syrjänen KJ. Associação entre idade ao início da atividade sexual e subseqüente infecção por papilomavírus humano: resultados de um programa de rastreamento brasileiro. Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-72032007001100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Longatto Filho A, Costa SM, Milanezi F, Montruccoli D, Montruccoli GC, Baltazar F, Schmitt FC. Immunohistochemical expression of VEGF-A and its ligands in non-neoplastic lesions of the breast sampling-assisted by dynamic angiothermography. Oncol Rep 2007; 18:1201-6. [PMID: 17914573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of angiogenic markers, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) ligand and its receptors, VEGFR-1 and -2, in a series of biopsy-proven non-neoplastic lesions of the breast detected by dynamic angiothermography. We have also studied the vascular density demonstrated by CD31 immunoreactivity, in order to assess the potential of the imaging method to recognize lesions with an enhanced vascular network of clinical importance in routine breast examination. The lesions were classified as non-proliferative, proliferative without atypia and proliferative with atypia. VEGF was diffusely expressed in the epithelial cells of proliferative lesions in almost all cases. Similarly, VEGFR-1 and -2 also exhibited epithelial positive reactions in the majority of cases. VEGF-A and its receptors were also present in blood vessels. CD31 showed an increase in vascular proliferation at the periphery of proliferative epithelial lesions, but not in non-proliferative lesions. Our results, showing marked expression of VEGF by the epithelial proliferative lesions and neoangiogenesis at their periphery, confirm that these lesions can be detected by dynamic angiothermography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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Baltazar F, Filho AL, Pinheiro C, Moreira MAR, Queiroz GS, Oton GJB, Júnior AF, Ribeiro LFJ, Schmitt FC. Cyclooxygenase-2 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Expressions in Different Histological Subtypes of Cervical Carcinomas. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2007; 26:235-41. [PMID: 17581404 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0b013e31802f1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the significance of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in a series of cervical adenocarcinoma (AC), cervical adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC), and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). One hundred thirty cases of cervical carcinoma (30 ASC, 50 AC, and 50 SCC) were analyzed for COX-2 and EGFR expressions using specific primary antibodies. Samples were scored semiquantitatively as follows: (-), 0% of immunoreactive cells; (+), <5% of immunoreactive cells; (++), 5% to 50% of immunoreactive cells; and (+++), >50% of immunoreactive cells. The COX-2 expression was more frequently positive than EGFR in all cervical cancers studied. The COX-2 expression was also more prominent in AC than in ASC (P = 0.003). Expression of either COX-2 or EGFR was significantly different when comparing SCC with AC (P < 0.001 and P = 0.04, respectively). There was no significant correlation between COX-2 and EGFR expressions and age at diagnosis, recurrence, distant metastasis, and/or positive status of regional lymph nodes, neither between COX-2 and EGFR coexpression and the clinical data analyzed. Nevertheless, our data support that there are significant differences between EGFR and COX-2 expressions in the 3 different histogenetic types of cervical cancer. Also, in terms of therapeutic strategies, our data can be valuable in the selection of patients eligible to receive specific EGFR/COX-2-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Filho AL, Baltazar F, Bedrossian C, Michael C, Schmitt FC. Immunohistochemical expression and distribution of VEGFR-3 in malignant mesothelioma. Diagn Cytopathol 2007; 35:786-91. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.20767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Camargo RS, Shirata NK, di Loreto C, Garcia EA, Castelo A, Longatto Filho A. Significance of AgNOR measurement in thyroid lesions. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2006; 28:188-92. [PMID: 16927638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the discriminating potential of AgNOR area measurement and count in thyroid tumors using static cytometry equipment. STUDY DESIGN Slides were analyzed by a computerized system for image analysis, CAS 200 (Becton & Dickinson, U.S.A.), using the Cell Measurement computer program (CAS 200, Becton & Dickinson). The argyrophilic reaction (NORs) was evaluated with a 400-fold amplification directly from the computer monitor. RESULTS Thirty-three cases were analyzed for AgNOR staining. The cases studied included 3 goiters, 10 follicular adenomas, 6 Hürthle adenomas, 4 follicular carcinomas, 7 papillary carcinomas, and 3 Hürthle carcinomas. A total of 6,600 nuclei were evaluated. For statistical purposes, lesions were classified as benign and malignant, and both the number and the area of counted NORs showed very similar values. The NORs median among 19 benign tumors was 1.484 (SD +/- 0.265) and of 14 malignant tumors was 1.436 (SD +/- 0.414); the NORs areas were 2.6584 (SD +/- 1.0653) and 2.3643 (SD +/- 0.6320), respectively. CONCLUSION Our results showed that AgNOR evaluation was not a significant parameter to discriminate between malignant and benign thyroid lesions.
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Utagawa ML, di Loreto C, de Freitas C, Milanezi F, Longatto Filho A, Pereira SMM, Maeda MYS, Schmitt FC. Pero Vaz de Caminha: an-interchange program for quality control between Brazil and Portugal. Acta Cytol 2006; 50:303-8. [PMID: 16780025 DOI: 10.1159/000325958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To start an interexchange program for quality control in cervical cytology and discuss conceptual criteria for diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN Slides were selected in the archives of the 2 institutes and included cases with unsatisfactory, negative and positive results. Sets of slides were changed between the partners every 3 months. At the end of each year a senior cytopathologist was invited to discuss the major discrepancies found in the study. RESULTS A total of 1,041 cases were analyzed. Full concordance was obtained in 74.4% (774) of cases and discrepancies in 25.6% (267 cases). Full agreement was achieved in 276 (39%) of 707 cases categorized as negative. In 421 negative cases from laboratory A, this concordance represents 65.5% and 96.5% for laboratory B, which submitted 286 negative cases. The main discordance was the high number of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance cases: 3.1% for A and 128 (33.2%) for B. Samples with discrepancies related to the quality of the material was another controversial issue: of 16 cases from laboratory A, 6 (37.5%) unsatisfactory cases were the same and 10 (62.5%) different. Laboratory B presented 20 unsatisfactory cases, and 14 (70.0%) had other diagnoses. Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion concordance ranged from 75% to 80%, and invasive carcinoma has 4 discordances (28.5%), 3 previously screened as high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and 1 as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance. The kappa value obtained was 0.65, indicating substantial agreement. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance diagnoses are the crucial point of controversies and concern the quality of routine diagnosis in cytopathology.
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Alves VAF, Castelo A, Filho AL, Vianna MR, Taromaru E, Namiyama G, Lorincz A, Dores GBD. Performance of the DNA-Citoliq liquid-based cytology system compared with conventional smears. Cytopathology 2006; 17:86-93. [PMID: 16548993 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2303.2006.00279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of a new, manual, simplified liquid-based system, DNA-Citoliq (Digene Brasil), employed under routine conditions as compared to conventional smears collected from six collaborating private laboratories. METHODS A panel of cytopathologists, who served as the gold standard diagnosis, adjudicated discordant opinions. RESULTS Of 3206 pairs of slides considered valid for comparison, there were 3008 in full agreement (93.8%), 112 (3.5%) with one diagnostic category discrepancies, and 86 (2.7%) discordant cases. Among the 288 borderline+ by either method, DNA-Citoliq detected abnormalities in 243 (84.4%), and conventional smears (CS) detected abnormalities in 178 (61.8%) (McNemar test, P < 0.000), a 36.5% increased detection of borderline+ cases. CONCLUSIONS For mild dyskaryosis, DNA-Citoliq detected 176 cases and CS 125 cases (McNemar test, P < 0.000); and for moderate+severe dyskaryosis 66 versus 32 cases respectively (McNemar test, P < 0.000).
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Affiliation(s)
- V A F Alves
- School of Medicine, São Paulo University, Brazil.
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Matushima ER, Longatto Filho A, Kanamura CT, Sinhorini IL. Processo inflamatório crônico granulomatoso experimental em peixes: um estudo morfológico, ultraestrutural e imunohistoquímico. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2006.26494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o processo inflamatório crônico granulomatoso induzido experimentalmente em Oreochromis niloticus através da inoculação de BCG e elucidar aspectos da reação inflamatória em peixes para uma melhor compreensão da filogenia do processo. Os resultados obtidos por microscopia de luz comum e ultra-estrutural demonstraram a participação de macrófagos, trombócitos, linfócitos, eosinófilos, células plasmáticas e células gigante tipo corpo estranho no processo inflamatório. Além desses tipos celulares, uma reação granulomatosa constituída predominantemente de células epitelióides também foram observadas ultraestruturalmente. Essas células epitelióides desenvolveram desmossomos ao longo do experimento, e também passaram a expressar receptores para citoqueratina, características estas de células epiteliais. Células pigmentares (melanomacrófagos), envolvendo de maneira crescente toda a formação granulomatóide e, participando ativamente da reação inflamatória crônica granulomatosa.
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Miranda Pereira SM, Castelo A, Makabe S, Utagawa ML, Di Loreto C, Sakamoto Maeda MY, Marques JA, Santoro CLF, Filho AL, Das Dores GB. Screening for Cervical Cancer in High-Risk Populations: DNA Pap Test or Hybrid Capture II Test Alone? Int J Gynecol Pathol 2006; 25:38-41. [PMID: 16306782 DOI: 10.1097/01.pgp.0000177122.71309.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate whether Hybrid Capture II (HC2) test alone refer women to colposcopy as appropriately as DNA Papanicolaou (Pap) test, in the context of a high-risk group of women using the recently validated DNACitoliq LBC system. Women with suspected cervical disease were included in this cross-sectional study at a tertiary center in São Paulo, Brazil, for further workup. All women had cervical material collected for LBC and HC2 for high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV)-DNA test. Irrespective of cytology and HC2 results, colposcopy, and cervical biopsy when applicable, was systematically performed. All tests were performed blindly. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and overall accuracy of both methods were computed in relation to histology. A total of 1,080 women were included: 36.4% (393/1080) had ACUS+, 10.2% (110/1080) were high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) or cancer. Mean age was 33.5 years. All women underwent colposcopy, and cervical biopsies were performed in 38.4% (415/1080): 33% (137/415) of the biopsies were negative, 14.4% (155/415) were low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 10.7% (116/415) were HSIL, and 0.6% (7/415) were cancer. HC2 sensitivity to diagnose biopsy-proven HSIL was 100%. Because all HSIL cases had a positive HC2 test, sensitivity could not be improved by adding LBC. Specificity and positive and negative predictive values of DNA Pap were not significantly different from HC2 test alone when considering LSIL+ histology as "gold standard" and HSIL+ histology. As a screening strategy for women with high-risk for cervical cancer, DNA Pap test does not seem to add substantially to HC2 alone in terms of appropriately referring to colposcopy.
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Reis RM, Reis-Filho JS, Longatto Filho A, Tomarev S, Silva P, Lopes JM. Differential Prox-1 and CD 31 expression in mucousae, cutaneous and soft tissue vascular lesions and tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2005; 201:771-6. [PMID: 16308102 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2005.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Accepted: 08/16/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The study of lymphatic vessels and lymphatic tumors has been hampered with difficulty due to the overlapping morphological features between blood and lymphatic endothelial cells, as well as to the lack of specific lymphatic endothelial markers. Over the last few years, lymphatic vessels and lymphangiogenesis have received great attention owing to their putative implications in terms of metastatic dissemination and the promise of targets for lymphangiogenic therapy. Prox-1 is a nuclear transcription factor that plays a major role during embryonic lymphangiogenesis and is deemed to be a useful marker for differentiating lymphatic endothelial cells from the other blood vessels endothelial cells. Here, we describe a double-immunostaining strategy for formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues that aims at evaluating the distribution of Prox-1 and CD 31 - a cytoplasmic pan-endothelial marker - in a series of 28 mucousae, cutaneous and soft tissue vascular lesions and tumors, including hemangiomas, lymphangiomas, lymphangiectasia, and Kaposi's sarcomas. Our results showed that in non-lesional mucousae and skin, Prox-1 decorated exclusively the nuclei of endothelial cells in lymphatic vessels. Prox-1 stained almost all the benign lymphatic vascular lesions/tumors (91%) and was absent or only focally positive in 75% of blood vascular tumors. CD 31 stained endothelial cells of blood vessels of superficial and deep dermal plexuses, lymphatics, and all blood vascular lesions/tumors. Kaposi's sarcomas were all positive for both CD 31 and Prox-1 markers. In conclusion, although Prox-1 expression in vascular lesions/tumors was not entirely restricted to tumors with known lymphatic differentiation, CD 31/Prox-1 double-immunolabeling can be used as an adjunct marker to identify lymphatic vessels in routinely processed formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui M Reis
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Oliveira MS, Fraga AG, Torrado E, Castro AG, Pereira JP, Filho AL, Milanezi F, Schmitt FC, Meyers WM, Portaels F, Silva MT, Pedrosa J. Infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans induces persistent inflammatory responses in mice. Infect Immun 2005; 73:6299-310. [PMID: 16177301 PMCID: PMC1230890 DOI: 10.1128/iai.73.10.6299-6310.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a devastating, necrotizing, tropical skin disease caused by infections with Mycobacterium ulcerans. In contrast to other mycobacterioses, BU has been associated with minimal or absent inflammation. However, here we show that in the mouse M. ulcerans induces persistent inflammatory responses with virulence-dependent patterns. Mycolactone-positive, cytotoxic strains are virulent for mice and multiply progressively, inducing both early and persistent acute inflammatory responses. The cytotoxicity of these strains leads to progressive destruction of the inflammatory infiltrates by postapoptotic secondary necrosis, generating necrotic acellular areas with extracellular bacilli released by the lysis of infected phagocytes. The necrotic areas, always surrounded by acute inflammatory infiltrates, expand through the progressive invasion of healthy tissues around the initial necrotic lesions by bacteria and by newly recruited acute inflammatory cells. Our observations show that the lack of inflammatory infiltrates in the extensive areas of necrosis seen in advanced infections results from the destruction of continuously produced inflammatory infiltrates and not from M. ulcerans-induced local or systemic immunosuppression. Whether this is the mechanism behind the predominance of minimal or absent inflammatory responses in BU biopsies remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martinha S Oliveira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Health Sciences (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Nonogaki S, Wakamatsu A, Filho AL, Roteli-Martins C, di Loreto C, Maeda MYS, Utagawa ML, Pereira SMM, Polli S, Alves VAF, Syrjänen K. Molecular Strategies for Identifying Human Papillomavirus Infection in Routinely Processed Samples: Focus on Paraffin Sections. J Low Genit Tract Dis 2005; 9:219-24. [PMID: 16205192 DOI: 10.1097/01.lgt.0000179861.67574.6b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To optimize the protocols of human papillomavirus (HPV) detection in clinical samples, we used polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based techniques in paraffin-embedded tissue sections and compared the results with those obtained with PCR and Hybrid Capture II (HC2) performed in liquid-based cytology (LBC) preservation medium. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five consecutive cervical biopsy specimens were taken from women participating in the ongoing Latin American Screening Study at Leonor Mendes de Barros Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil, during 2003 and 2004. The biopsy specimens were analyzed for HPV by a modified GP5+/GP6+ PCR protocol, and the results were compared with those obtained by PGMY PCR and HC2 in samples collected in LBC preservation medium. RESULTS beta-Globin was detected in 100% of the multiplex PCR system from LBC samples and 66.7% with PCO4+/PCO3+ PCR in biopsy specimens. Of the three methods, PGMY PCR system and HC2 were equally effective in detecting HPV; both detected 13 cases in 45 samples (28.9%). The GP5+/GP6+ PCR applied in biopsy specimens showed a 20% HPV detection rate (9/45). CONCLUSIONS Our PCR protocols worked reasonably well and allowed us to compare the three molecular methods with histological and cytological findings. The reproducibility of the results makes the technique applicable in archival materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suely Nonogaki
- Pathology Division of Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
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Longatto Filho A, Utagawa ML, Shirata NK, Pereira SMM, Namiyama GM, Kanamura CT, Santos GDC, de Oliveira MA, Wakamatsu A, Nonogaki S, Roteli-Martins C, di Loreto C, Mattosinho de Castro Ferraz MDG, Maeda MYS, Alves VAF, Syrjänen K. Immunocytochemical expression of p16INK4A and Ki-67 in cytologically negative and equivocal pap smears positive for oncogenic human papillomavirus. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2005; 24:118-24. [PMID: 15782067 DOI: 10.1097/01.rct.0000157092.44680.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to analyze the cross-sectional comparison of the p16 and Ki-67 immunocytochemical expression in negative and equivocal (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US)) liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples testing positive for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types with HC2 assay or polymerase-chain reaction (PCR). A series of 199 consecutive LBC specimens derived from the same number of women participating in the ongoing Latin American Screening Study at Leonor Mendes de Barros Hospital, Sao Paulo, were analyzed using immunocytochemistry for expression of p16 and Ki-67 in negative and equivocal LBC samples testing positive for high-risk HPV types with hybrid capture II test (HC2) or PCR. All patients with at least one test positive (cytology, PCR, and/or HC2) were followed each 6 months for 3 years. The follow-up procedure consisted of visual examination, colposcopic inspection, cytology, and HC2 assay. Among the negative cytologic samples, 101 were HPV-positive and 55 HPV-negative. Of the HPV-positive group, 59 of 101 cases (58.4%) were positive for both p16 and Ki67 immunostaining, and 17 of 101 (16.8%) were negative for both. The proportion of Ki-67-positivity increased almost in parallel with the increasing grade of p16-positivity (p = 0.0001 for linear trend). In the HPV-negative group, both markers were negative in 41 of 55 cases (74.5%), and no statistical relationship was observed between the two markers (Pearson, p = 0.595). HPV-positive ASC-US samples demonstrated a simultaneous positive immunoreaction for p16 and Ki67 in 11 of 16 cases (68.7%), whereas 3 (18.7%) were concurrently negative. The relationship between the two markers was of borderline significance (Pearson, p = 0.053), but no linear relationship was found between the graded p16 and Ki-67 expression (p = 0.065 for linear trend). In the HPV-negative ASC-US group, there was no statistical association between the graded p16 and Ki-67 positivity (Pearson, p = 0.281). After 36 months of follow-up of the ASC-US patients, 6 women still displayed ASC-US smear, of which 4 of 6 were HPV-positive and expressed both p16 and Ki-67 markers. Two of 43 ASC-US smears had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions diagnosed (4.6%), and 1 had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (2.3%). All of those were positive for HPV, p16 and Ki-67. Patients with ASC-US diagnosis and positive high-risk HPV status and positive for p16 Ki67 should be carefully observed to exclude occurrence of a squamous intraepithelial lesion. The combination of these two markers can be a useful implement for management of women with equivocal cytology.
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Camargo RS, Shirata NK, Setani EO, Garcia EA, Pompeu E, Martella E, Loreto CD, Longatto Filho A. DNA measurements after radiation-induced tissue structure of thyroid gland of rats. J Bras Patol Med Lab 2005. [DOI: 10.1590/s1676-24442005000300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Camargo RS, Maeda MYS, di Loreto C, Shirata NK, Anselmo Garcia E, Filho AL. Is agNOR and DNA ploidy analysis useful for evaluating thyroid neoplasms? Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2005; 27:157-61. [PMID: 16121637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To correlate the subjective AgNOR counting method and DNA content with histologic diagnoses of thyroid cancer and invasion. STUDY DESIGN Eighty-one consecutive cases of thyroid carcinoma were selected for DNA and AgNOR analysis. The diagnoses were: papillary carcinoma (n = 40), follicular carcinoma (n = 31), Hürthle cell adenocarcinoma (n = 4), and undifferentiated carcinoma (n = 6). Seven normal thyroids were used as controls. DNA quantitative measurement was performed with Vidas 2.0 software (Kontron Bildanalyse, Munich, Germany) connected to an MPM 210 photometer microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany). The DNA index was obtained using histograms. Counting the NORs was performed by subjectively counting the NORs in 200 malignant cells. RESULTS DNA ploidy analysis showed all Hürthle cell adenocarcinomas, 21 (67%)follicular tumors, 23 (57%) papillary tumors and 4 (67%) undifferentiated carcinomas to be aneuploid. DNA analysis correlated with histologic type of the tumor (p = 0.032). There was no statistical significance to the AgNOR counting variables studied. Statistical analysis showed correlation between ploidy and histologic diagnosis, but not AgNOR counting, to have prognostic value. CONCLUSION DNA ploidy is more useful than subjective counting of NORs as an adjunct method for thyroid lesion analysis.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/diagnosis
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/metabolism
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/diagnosis
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/genetics
- Adenoma, Oxyphilic/metabolism
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aneuploidy
- Antigens, Nuclear/analysis
- Carcinoma, Papillary/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Papillary/genetics
- Carcinoma, Papillary/metabolism
- Child
- Data Interpretation, Statistical
- Humans
- Image Cytometry
- Karyotyping
- Middle Aged
- Nuclear Proteins/analysis
- Nucleolus Organizer Region/genetics
- Nucleolus Organizer Region/metabolism
- Ploidies
- Thyroid Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics
- Thyroid Neoplasms/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Souza Camargo
- Department of Surgery and Laboratory of Medical Investigation 26, Hospital das Clinicas, Medical School of São Paulo University, Brazil
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Longatto Filho A, Pereira SMM, Di Loreto C, Utagawa ML, Makabe S, Sakamoto Maeda MY, Marques JA, Santoro CLF, Castelo A. DCS liquid-based system is more effective than conventional smears to diagnosis of cervical lesions. Gynecol Oncol 2005; 97:497-500. [PMID: 15863150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2004] [Revised: 01/04/2005] [Accepted: 01/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the performances of Papanicolaou test (PapTest) and of a new liquid-based cytology method, DNA-Citoliq System (DCS), in a high-risk population, with histology confirmation. METHODS Paired specimens of exfoliated cervical cells were collected under split-sample protocol. All patients were submitted to colposcopy and a biopsy taken when any atypical transformation zone was seen. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and overall accuracy of both conventional and DCS methods were computed in relation to histology. RESULTS A total of 1095 patients were analyzed by two cytology methods and, in 425 (38.8%), histologically. There were significantly more adequate samples with DCS (98.63%) than with conventional (89.6%) smears (P < 0.001). ASCUS was diagnosed significantly more with DCS than with conventional Pap (P < 0.001). Conventional Pap misclassified as normal 55.4% (158/285) of cases with either LSIL or HSIL or cancer at histology, whereas DCS misclassified 31.2% (89/285) of cases (P < 0.001). DCS had a significantly higher sensitivity (70% and 91.3%) than the conventional Pap (49.8% and 72.8%) to detect both LSIL+ and HSIL+ at histology, respectively. On the other hand, specificity of conventional smear (88.2% and 85.2%) was significantly higher than DCS (75.4% and 70.9%) considering both LSIL+ and HSIL+ at histology, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the superiority of the liquid-based cytology system DCS to detect cervical lesions. The rate of adequate DSC slides was significantly higher than with conventional cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Division of Pathology, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Dr. Arnaldo Avenue, 355-Cerqueira Cezar, 01246-902 São Paulo, Brazil.
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Abstract
We examined the immunohistochemical reactivity for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3), a protein playing an important role in lymphangiogenesis, in breast cancer. A retrospective series of 77 invasive ductal breast carcinomas was investigated. The relationship between VEGFR-3 expression and clinicopathologic parameters was examined for statistical significance using Pearson's chi-square (chi2) test and Fisher's exact test (when n<5). Threshold for significance was p<0.05. Patient age ranged from 31 to 77 years (mean: 55 years). The VEGFR-3 immunoreactivity was as follows: 5 cases were negative (6.5%), 35 + (45.4%), 27+ + (35.1%), and 10+ + + (13.0%). Reactions were positive for both lymphatic and blood vessels in several cases. VEGFR-3-positive reactions were more frequent in the tumor periphery than within the tumor. Immunoreactivity was also observed in myoepithelial cells surrounding both normal ducts and ducts with ductal carcinoma in situ. Statistical analysis of VEGFR-3 reactions was not significantly related to node status, microvessel density, and tumor grade. Ploidy showed a tendency towards significance (p=0.063); however, owing to the limited number of cases, statistical significance was not reached. VEGFR-3 lacks lymphatic vessel specificity and is also expressed in blood vessels, myoepithelial cells, and neoplastic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Granja NDM, Ricardo SAV, Longatto Filho A, Alves VAF, Bedrossian CWM, Wiley EL, Schmitt FC. Potential use of loss of heterozygosity in pleural effusions of breast cancer metastases using the microsatellite marker of the 16q22.1 region of the CDH1 gene. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2005; 27:61-6. [PMID: 15913197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the presence of allelic loss in 16q22.1, including the locus of E-cadherin, in pleural effusions in breast cancer patients. STUDY DESIGN Molecular analysis of DNA was performed using a DNA extraction kit (NucleoSpin, Macherey-Nagel, Germany). Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in primary tumors and pleural effusions was analyzed using a microsatellite marker of the CDH1 gene, D16S265, described in previous studies. LOH was evaluated by radioactive polymerase chain reaction assay in 17 samples of pleural effusions and breast tissues (primary tumors and nonneoplastic adjacent tissue) from breast cancer patients: 7 positive for neoplastic cells, 6 suspected and 4 cases without evidence of neoplastic cells in the effusions. RESULTS Thirteen cases (76%) were informative. LOH was detected in 5 cases (38.5%). In 3 of them LOH was detected only in the cytologic sample, and in 2 of them LOH was detected in the primary tumor and cytologic sample. CONCLUSION Results show that LOH in the CDH1 gene can identify tumor cells in pleural effusions when morphologic analysis is difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara de Matos Granja
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
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Granja NM, Begnami MD, Bortolan J, Filho AL, Schmitt FC. Desmoplastic small round cell tumour: Cytological and immunocytochemical features. Cytojournal 2005; 2:6. [PMID: 15777480 PMCID: PMC555739 DOI: 10.1186/1742-6413-2-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2005] [Accepted: 03/18/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare and highly aggressive neoplasm. The cytological diagnosis of these tumors can be difficult because they show morphological features quite similar to other small round blue cells tumors. We described four cases of DSRCT with cytological sampling: one obtained by fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and three from serous effusions. The corresponding immunocytochemical panel was also reviewed. Methods Papanicolaou stained samples from FNAB and effusions were morphologically described. Immunoreaction with WT1 antibody was performed in all cytological samples. An immunohistochemical panel including the following antibodies was performed in the corresponding biopsies: 34BE12, AE1/AE3, Chromogranin A, CK20, CK7, CK8, Desmin, EMA, NSE, Vimentin and WT1. Results The smears showed high cellularity with minor size alteration. Nuclei were round to oval, some of them with inconspicuous nucleoli. Tumor cells are clustered, showing rosette-like feature. Tumor cells in effusions and FNA were positive to WT1 in 3 of 4 cytology specimens (2 out 3 effusions and one FNA). Immunohistochemical reactions for vimentin, NSE, AE1/AE3 and WT1 were positive in all cases in tissue sections. Conclusion The use of an adjunct immunocytochemical panel coupled with the cytomorphological characteristics allows the diagnosis of DSRCT in cytological specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara M Granja
- Pathology Department, School of Medicine, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria D Begnami
- Department of Pathology and Treatment and Research Center of A.C. Camargo Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeni Bortolan
- Department of Pathology and Treatment and Research Center of A.C. Camargo Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adhemar Longatto Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, Health Sciences School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- Pathology Division, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando C Schmitt
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- IPATIMUP – Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Shirata NK, Espoladore LMW, Filho AL, Pittoli JE, di Loreto C, Pereira SMM, Maeda MYS, Utagawa ML, da Silva Aguiar L, Roteli-Martins C, Martinez EG, Syrjänen K. High-risk HPV detection by Hybrid Capture and ploidy determination by a computer-assisted system in cervical biopsies. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2004; 26:295-300. [PMID: 15560536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To correlate high-risk HPV (hrHPV) detection by Hybrid Capture II (HC2) (Digene, Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.A.) with DNA content (ploidy) of cervical biopsies analyzed by a computer-assisted system. STUDY DESIGN Cervical biopsies from 54 women examined at Leonor Mendes de Barros Hospital, São Paulo, as part of the Latin American Screening study during 2002--2003, were tested for hrHPV with HC2. All patients had been referred for colposcopic examination due to an abnormal cervical cytology. The final diagnosis included 30 cervicitis, 14 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, 5 CIN 2, 4 CIN 3 and 1 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Five-micrometer sections of each biopsy were stained with Feulgen-tionine and evaluated with the CAS 200 System (Becton Dickinson, U.S.A.), using the 3.0 software (version 8.1) of the DNA Quantitative Measurement Program (Becton Dickinson). Ploidy was evaluated from histograms obtained by analyzing atypical nuclei. RESULTS Of the 30 cervicitis cases, 28 (93.3%) were diploid, and hrHPV was detected in 8 (28.5%) of the cases. Two tetraploid cervicitis lesions were observed, 1 positive and 1 negative for hrHPV. Among the CIN 1 lesions, 8 (57.1%) were diploid and 6 (42.8%) aneuploid. Of the latter, 4 (66.6%) were negative and 2 (33.3%) positive for hrHPV. Of the 5 CIN 2 lesions, 2 were diploid, 2 aneuploid and 1 tetraploid; all were positive for hrHPV. All CIN 3 lesions and the SCC proved to be aneuploid and positive for hrHPV. CONCLUSION The data suggest that the majority of cervicitis and CIN 1 lesions are diploid and negativef or hrHPV. This is in sharp contrast to high grade CIN 2-3 lesions, all of which were positive for hrHPV in this study and also aneuploid, consistent with their progressive potential.
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Utagawa ML, Pereira SMM, Makabe S, Maeda MYS, Marques JA, Santoro CLF, Di Loreto C, Aguiar LS, Pitolli JE, Das Dores GB, Castelo A, Longatto Filho A. Pap test in a high-risk population comparison of conventional and liquid-base cytology. Diagn Cytopathol 2004; 31:169-72. [PMID: 15349987 DOI: 10.1002/dc.20118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is believed to have better sensitivity than conventional smears (CSs) and offers the possibility to perform molecular assay. The goal of this work was to study the performance of CS and LBC in a high-risk population and to compare the results with the hybrid capture (HC) II for high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Samples were collected from selected women with clinical suspicions of low genital tract lesion at Pérola Biygnton Hospital (São Paulo, Brazil). After CS preparation, the brush was introduced in the endocervix and a new sample was collected and rinsed in the preservative medium of the system. The residual material was used to HC2. From 925 cases, LBC was unsatisfactory in 4 (1.51%) cases and CS was unsatisfactory in 100 cases (10.81%); among theses cases HC2(+) reactions was observed in 54 (54%) CSs and 3 (21.4%) LBCs. Considering cases with atypia of undetermined significance (squamous and glandular), 85 (77.27%) cases from LBC and 44 (86.4%) from CS were positive for HC2 assay for high-risk DNA-HPV. The difference among the methods was not significant (P < 0.38). The diagnosis improvement of LBC in comparison with CS was 86% in satisfactory samples, 92.76% in undetermined atypical lesions (including glandular), 83% in positive low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL(+)), and 86.84% in high-grade SIL(+) (HSIL(+)). HC2(+) reactions were observed in 144 CS cases and 266 LBC cases with abnormalities. Our results have showed that LBC was superior to CS in a high-risk population to detect lesions with high concordance with HC2(+) reactions; CSs also exhibit a high concordance with HC2 assay but with inferior performance to detect lesions.
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Nonogaki S, Wakamatsu A, Longatto Filho A, Pereira SMM, Utagawa ML, Ferreira Alves VA, Di Loreto C, Sakamoto Maeda MY, Lima TP, Roteli-Martins C, Syrjänen K. Hybrid capture II and polymerase chain reaction for identifying HPV infections in samples collected in a new collection medium: a comparison. Acta Cytol 2004; 48:514-20. [PMID: 15296342 DOI: 10.1159/000326413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the performance of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Hybrid Capture II (HCII) test (Digene, Gaithersburg, Maryland, U.S.A.) in residual cells left in the collection vials of the DNACitoliq system (Digene Brasil, São Paulo, Brazil). STUDY DESIGN A series of 263 cervical samples collected for liquid-based cytology with the DNACitoliq system was tested for oncogenic HPV types first with HCII and subsequently with PCR. After DNA purification with GFX Genomic Blood DNA Purification Kit (Amersham, Piscataway, New Jersey, U.S.A.), PCR was performed using AmpliTaq Gold DNA polymerase (Applied Biosystems). PGMY09/11 L1 consensus primers and GH20/PCO4 primers for human beta-globin target were coamplified. RESULTS Altogether, 260 samples were positive for beta-globin, and 3 negative ones were excluded from the analysis. PCR and HCII yielded concordant results in 199 cases (76.5%) (102 positive and 97 negative), with Cohen's kappa of .577 (95% CI .477-.677) and weighted kappa of .733 (95% CI .659-.791). HPV prevalence in different categories of cytologic abnormalities was practically identical with HCII and PCR assays (P=.989). Among the 61 (23.5%) discrepant cases, 28 samples were HCII+/PCR- cases. Of these, 27 of 28 samples showed a low viral load, and 1 had an intermediate viral load. CONCLUSION The data suggest that residual material from the DNACitoliq system adequately preserves HPV DNA for detection by HCII and PCR, with performance similar to that of specimen transport medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suely Nonogaki
- Pathology Division, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
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Alves VAF, Bibbo M, Schmitt FCL, Milanezi F, Longatto Filho A. Comparison of manual and automated methods of liquid-based cytology. A morphologic study. Acta Cytol 2004; 48:187-93. [PMID: 15085750 DOI: 10.1159/000326314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the morphologic characteristics of gynecologic samples prepared by 3 different methods of liquid-based cytology. STUDY DESIGN Cytologic samples from representative cases of each diagnostic category of squamous epithelial lesion, prepared by automated and manual liquid-based systems, were analyzed by 3 laboratories in the United States, Portugal and Brazil. The systems included: ThinPrep (automated, U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved; Cytyc Corp., Boxborough, Massachusetts, U.S.A.), Autocyte PREP (South American system, manual; TriPath Imaging, Inc., Burlington, North Carolina, U.S.A.) and DNACITOLIQ (manual; Digene Brazil, São Paulo, Brazil). A panel of 16 morphologic parameters was evaluated: cellularity, clean background, uniform distribution, artifacts, cellular overlapping, architectural and cytoplasmic distortion, cytoplasmic vacuolization, cellular elongation, imprecise cytoplasmic borders, folded cytoplasmic borders, nuclear hyperchromasia, coarse chromatin, prominent nucleolus, irregular nuclear borders, atypical mitosis and inflammatory infiltrate. Negative, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) cases were included. Cases without biopsies were confirmed by consensus. RESULTS Cellularity was adequate in all samples. Clean background was observed in the vast majority of samples with all liquid-based systems. Uniform distribution was frequently found in ThinPrep and Autocyte PREP samples but not in DNACITOLIQ. Artifacts were not present in DNACITOLIQ samples, rare in ThinPrep and observed in 8 (34.7%) Autocyte PREP. Cellular overlapping was observed in all 3 system samples: 11 (31.42%) cases in ThinPrep, 16 (69.56%) in Autocyte PREP and 17 (68%) in DNACITOLIQ System. Architectural and cytoplasmic distortion were present in 3 cases of HSIL (13%) and cytoplasmic vacuolization in 2 cases of LSIL and 1 HSIL of Autocyte PREP. Cellular elongation was found in 13 (56.5%) Autocyte PREP and in 5 (20%) DNACITOLIQ samples. Inflammatory infiltrate was found in all 3 system samples but with more frequency in the Autocyte PREP (69.56%) and DNACITOLIQ System (72%). CONCLUSION This study clearly indicated that in spite of the different methodologies, the 3 methods adequately preserved cellular structure for morphologic evaluation. The choice of method will depend on price, availability and procedures involved.
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