1
|
Kapasi A, Uzoigwe C, Barlow D, McMurtrie A. A simple technique using a Venflon to fix fractures of the glenoid. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2023. [PMID: 38038144 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Kapasi
- Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, UK
| | | | - D Barlow
- Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, UK
| | - A McMurtrie
- Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gandhi V, Kapasi A, Weinkauf J, Lien D, Varughese R, Hirji A, Cervera C, Halloran K. Systemic Corticosteroids and Lung Function Recovery after Respiratory Viral Infection in Lung Transplant Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
3
|
Li D, Abele J, Sunner P, Kapasi A, Hirji A, Weinkauf J, Lien D, Varughese R, Nagendran J, Halloran K. Prognostic Implications of Abnormal Left-Right Lung Perfusion Differential on Routine Post-Transplant Ventilation-Perfusion Scans. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
4
|
Hirji A, Mabilangan C, Halloran K, Duan Q, Lien D, Varughese R, Kapasi A, Weinkauf J, Pang X, Preiksaitis J. Torque Teno Virus Does Not Predict Cytomegalovirus Infection Post-Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
5
|
Li D, Abele J, Sunner P, Kapasi A, Varughese R, Hirji A, Weinkauf J, Nagendran J, Lien D, Halloran K. Prognostic Significance of Asymptomatic Pulmonary Embolism on Routine Ventilation-Perfusion Scans after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
6
|
Grocholski S, Soong L, Verma L, Robbins M, Kabbani D, Varughese R, Hirji A, Halloran K, Kapasi A, Lien D, Weinkauf J. Rare Case of Neutrophilic Dermatosis in Lung Transplant Recipient. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.2059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
7
|
Kapasi A, Leurgans SE, Arvanitakis Z, Barnes LL, Bennett DA, Schneider JA. Aβ (Amyloid Beta) and Tau Tangle Pathology Modifies the Association Between Small Vessel Disease and Cortical Microinfarcts. Stroke 2021; 52:1012-1021. [PMID: 33567873 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.120.031073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is increasing recognition of the importance of cortical microinfarcts to overall brain health, cognition, and Alzheimer dementia. Cerebral small vessel pathologies are associated with microinfarcts and frequently coexist with Alzheimer disease; however, the extent to which Aβ (amyloid beta) and tau pathology modulates microvascular pathogenesis is not fully understood. Study objective was to examine the relationship of small vessel pathologies, arteriolosclerosis, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy, with cortical microinfarcts in people with differing levels of Aβ or tau tangle burden. METHODS Participants were 1489 autopsied older people (mean age at death, 89 years; 67% women) from 1 of 3 ongoing clinical-pathological cohort studies of aging. Neuropathological evaluation identified cortical Aβ and tau tangle burden using immunohistochemistry in 8 brain regions, provided semiquantitative grading of cerebral vessel pathologies, and identified the presence of cortical microinfarcts. Logistic regression models adjusted for demographics and atherosclerosis and examined whether Aβ or tau tangle burden modified relations between small vessel pathologies and cortical microinfarcts. RESULTS Cortical microinfarcts were present in 17% of older people, moderate-to-severe cerebral amyloid angiopathy pathology in 36%, and arteriolosclerosis in 34%. In logistic regression models, we found interactions with Aβ and tau tangles, reflecting that the association between arteriolosclerosis and cortical microinfarcts was stronger in the context of greater Aβ (estimate, 0.15; SE=0.07; P=0.02) and tau tangle burden (estimate, 0.13; SE=0.06; P=0.02). Interactions also emerged for cerebral amyloid angiopathy, suggesting that the association between cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cortical microinfarcts is more robust in the presence of higher Aβ (estimate, 0.27; SE=0.07; P<0.001) and tangle burden (estimate, 0.16; SE=0.06; P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that in the presence of elevated Aβ or tangle pathology, small vessel pathologies are associated with greater microvascular tissue injury, highlighting a potential link between neurodegenerative and vascular mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kapasi
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (A.K., S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Pathology (A.K., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - S E Leurgans
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (A.K., S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Z Arvanitakis
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (A.K., S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - L L Barnes
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (A.K., S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Behavioral Sciences (L.L.B.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - D A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (A.K., S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - J A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (A.K., S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Pathology (A.K., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.,Department of Neurological Sciences (S.E.L., Z.A., L.L.B., D.A.B., J.A.S.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hirji A, Li D, Kapasi A, Weinkauf J, Lien D, Halloran K. Longer Duration of Donor Ventilation Does Not Impact Long-Term Lung Function after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
9
|
Liu J, Li D, Jackson K, Weinkauf J, Kapasi A, Lien D, Hirji A, Halloran K. Evaluating Novel Graft Failure Thresholds after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
10
|
Li D, Weinkauf J, Lien D, Kapasi A, Hirji A, Halloran K. Donor-Recipient Size Matching via Chest X-ray Measurements and Primary Graft Dysfunction Risk in Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
11
|
Hirji A, Li D, Kapasi A, Weinkauf J, Lien D, Halloran K. Donor-Recipient Weight Mismatch and Primary Graft Dysfunction Risk Post-Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
12
|
Li D, Weinkauf J, Kapasi A, Hirji A, Nagendran J, Lien D, Ezekowitz J, Halloran K. Elevated Pre-transplant Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure is Associated With Increased Risk of Primary Graft Dysfunction in Lung Transplant Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|
13
|
Hernandez C, Hirji A, Kabbani D, Fuentes S, Mahli H, Chandrarathne S, Halloran K, Weinkauf J, Kapasi A, Lien D, Preiksaitis J, Cervera C. Influence of Donor Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Immunoglobulin G (IgG) Optical Density on CMV Transmission to CMV Naïve Lung Transplant Recipients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
14
|
Kabbani D, Hijri A, Hernandez Garcia C, Malhi H, Chandrarathne S, Kapasi A, Weinkauf J, Halloran K, Lien D, Preiksaitis J, Cervera C. Incidence and Characteristics of Cytomegalovirus Infection Among R+ Lung Transplant Recipients Receiving 3 Months of Antiviral Prophylaxis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
15
|
Hirji A, Kabbani D, Hernandez C, Malhi H, Chandrarathne S, Halloran K, Kapasi A, Weinkauf J, Lien D, Preiksaitis J, Cervera C. Is There a Role for Pre-Transplant Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Immunoglobulin G Optical Density to Predict CMV Infection in Seropositive Lung Transplant Recipients? J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
16
|
Doucette KE, Halloran K, Kapasi A, Lien D, Weinkauf JG. Outcomes of Lung Transplantation in Recipients With Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:2445-52. [PMID: 26998739 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection negatively impacts patient and graft survival following nonhepatic solid organ transplantation. Most data, however, are in kidney transplant, where despite modest impact on outcomes, transplantation is recommended for those with mild to moderate hepatic fibrosis given overall benefit compared to remaining on dialysis. In lung transplantation (LuTx), there is little data on outcomes and international guidelines are vague on the criteria under which transplant should be considered. The University of Alberta Lung Transplant Program routinely considers patients with HCV for lung transplant based on criteria extrapolated from the kidney transplant literature. Here we describe the outcomes of 27 HCV-positive, compared to 443 HCV-negative LuTx recipients. Prior to transplant, five patients were treated for HCV and cured. At the time of transplant, 14 patients remained HCV RNA positive. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival were similar in HCV RNA-positive versus -negative recipients at 93%, 77%, and 77% versus 86%, 75%, and 66% (p = 0.93), respectively. Long-term follow-up in eight patients demonstrated no significant progression of fibrosis. In our cohort, HCV did not impact LuTx outcomes and in the era of interferon-free HCV therapies this should not be a barrier to LuTx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K E Doucette
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - K Halloran
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A Kapasi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - D Lien
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J G Weinkauf
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kapasi A, Schneider JA. Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment, clinical Alzheimer's disease, and dementia in older persons. Biochim Biophys Acta 2016; 1862:878-86. [PMID: 26769363 PMCID: PMC11062590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
There is growing evidence suggesting that vascular pathologies and dysfunction play a critical role in cognitive impairment, clinical Alzheimer's disease, and dementia. Vascular pathologies such as macroinfarcts, microinfarcts, microbleeds, small and large vessel cerebrovascular disease, and white matter disease are common especially in the brains of older persons where they contribute to cognitive impairment and lower the dementia threshold. Vascular dysfunction resulting in decreased cerebral blood flow, and abnormalities in the blood brain barrier may also contribute to the Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiologic process and AD dementia. This review provides a clinical-pathological perspective on the role of vessel disease, vascular brain injury, alterations of the neurovascular unit, and mixed pathologies in the Alzheimer's disease pathophysiologic process and Alzheimer's dementia. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia edited by M. Paul Murphy, Roderick A. Corriveau and Donna M. Wilcock.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kapasi
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina Street, IL 60612, Chicago, USA.
| | - J A Schneider
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, 600 S. Paulina Street, IL 60612, Chicago, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Liu J, Jackson K, Weinkauf J, Kapasi A, Hirji A, Laing B, Mullen J, Freed D, Nagendran J, Meyer S, Lien D, Halloran K. Baseline Lung Allograft Dysfunction Negatively Impacts Survival Following Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
19
|
Halloran K, Chang J, Ramassar V, Weinkauf J, Kapasi A, Hirji A, Lien D, Reeve J, Halloran P. Microarray Analysis of Endobronchial Lung Transplant Biopsies: Detection of T-cell Mediated Inflammation in a Safer Biopsy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
20
|
Weinkauf J, Miciak G, Kapasi A, Jackson K, Halloran K, Lien D. A Retrospective Analysis of the Safety and Efficacy of a 6-Week Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program in Patients With Severe Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
21
|
Varughese R, Halloran K, Lien D, Kapasi A, Thakrar M, Helmersen D, Fenton M, Jackson K, Weinkauf J. Outcomes After Lung Transplantation for Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With End Stage Pulmonary Disease. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
22
|
Laratta C, Lien D, Puttagunta L, Jackson K, Mullen J, Kapasi A, Weinkauf J. A Case Report of Living-donor Lobar Lung Transplantation for Scleroderma-associated Usual Interstitial Pneumonia: Eight Years and Counting. Transplant Proc 2015; 47:190-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
23
|
Lien D, Weinkauf J, Kapasi A, Helmersen D, Thakrar M, Fenton M, Wong J, Lazarescu A, Jackson K. Esophogeal Motility and Impedence pH in Patients Listed for Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
24
|
Halloran K, Chang J, Kapasi A, Weinkauf J, Lien D, Nador R. Predictors of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction (CLAD) Following Respiratory Viral Infection (RVI). J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
25
|
Mullen J, Lo P, Lien D, Jackson K, Modry D, Stewart K, Meyer S, Nador R, Weinkauf J, Kapasi A. 447 Improving Survival with Double Lung Transplantation for Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
|
26
|
Loadman M, Holman J, Jackson K, Weinkauf J, Roland N, Kapasi A, Lien D. 376: Trends in the Functional Outcomes and Quality of Life of Cystic Fibrosis Patients following Lung Transplant. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2009.11.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
27
|
Weinkauf J, Nador R, Kapasi A, Jackson K, LaBranche K, Puttagunta L, Stewart K, Mullen J, Modry D, Lien D. 429: Long Term Outcome of Lung Transplantation in Previous Intravenous Drug Users with Talc Lung Granulomatosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2009.11.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
28
|
Sengul S, Zwizinski C, Simon EE, Kapasi A, Singhal PC, Batuman V. Endocytosis of light chains induces cytokines through activation of NF-kappaB in human proximal tubule cells. Kidney Int 2002; 62:1977-88. [PMID: 12427122 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In proteinuric states increased cytokine production through endocytosis of filtered proteins by proximal tubule cells (PTCs) has been proposed as a major mechanism mediating tubulointerstitial injury and progressive kidney disease. We studied the effects of six different light chains (LCs) on the production of cytokines in cultured human PTCs. METHODS LCs were isolated and purified from the urine of patients with myeloma and human PTCs were exposed to either LC or human serum albumin (HSA) for up to 24 hours. LC endocytosis was monitored by immunocytochemistry. Cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the supernatants and activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and immunocytochemistry. RESULTS Endocytosis of LCs induced the release of interleukins (IL) IL-6, IL-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1); however, there was considerable variability among the six different LCs. In contrast, HSA had no effect on cytokine production even at very high concentrations. Removal of LC-containing media resulted in cessation of IL-6 release. LC-induced cytokine release was associated with nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB subunits p50 and p65, as demonstrated by both EMSA and immunocytochemistry. Inhibitors of NF-kappaB, aspirin and pyrrolidineditiocarbamate (PDTC) markedly suppressed LC-induced cytokine production. CONCLUSION LC endocytosis leads to production of inflammatory cytokines through activation of NF-kappaB. This may be an important mechanism of chronic tubulointerstitial inflammation process commonly seen in multiple myeloma. These findings also point out a potential role by filterable low-molecular-weight proteins, like LCs, in PTC injury during all proteinuric diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sule Sengul
- Department of Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Tulane Medical Center, Tulane Cancer Center, and Veterans Administration Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Opiate addicts are prone to recurrent infections. In the present study we evaluated the molecular mechanism of opiate-induced T cell apoptosis. Both morphine and DAGO ([D-Ala2,N-Me-Phe4,Gly5-ol]enkephalin) enhanced T cell apoptosis. Morphine as well as DAGO activated c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) in T cells. Moreover, opiates increased the expression of ATF-2. a specific substrate for JNK and P38 mitogen activated kinases (MAPK). Furthermore, opiates attenuated extracellular signal related kinase (ERK) in T cells. Both morphine and DAGO cleaved pro-caspases 8, 9, and 10 and generated caspases 8, 9 and 10 (active products). Morphine as well as DAGO also cleaved poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) into 116 and 85 kD proteins indicating the activation of caspase-3. These results suggest that opiate-induced T cell apoptosis may be mediated through the JNK cascade and activation of caspases 8 and 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Singhal
- Division of Kidney Diseases and Hypertension, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bhaskaran M, Reddy K, Sharma S, Singh J, Radhakrishnan N, Kapasi A, Singhal PC. Morphine-induced degradation of the host defense barrier: role of macrophage injury. J Infect Dis 2001; 184:1524-31. [PMID: 11740727 DOI: 10.1086/324667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2001] [Revised: 08/29/2001] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of morphine on the degradation of the host defense barrier in rats and mice was studied. Mice received either 3 or 11 doses of morphine. Mice receiving 11 doses of morphine showed gram-negative bacteremia and bacterial growth in samples of peritoneal fluid (PF), liver, spleen, kidneys, heart, and lungs; PF and tissue samples from only 1 control mouse showed bacterial growth, and no control mice had bacteremia. Mice receiving 11 doses also had suppressed bone marrow macrophage colony formation. Monocytes and peritoneal macrophages harvested from morphine-treated mice showed greater injury than did those from control mice. Pretreatment of mice with naloxone inhibited morphine-induced macrophage injury and degradation of the host defense barrier. In in vitro studies, morphine attenuated the killing of bacteria phagocytosed by macrophages and also facilitated their escape. This study indicates that morphine-induced monocyte and macrophage injury may be linked to degradation of the host defense barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Bhaskaran
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kapasi A, Mullen JC, Bentley MJ, Moore RB, Todd GT. Resection of renal cell carcinomas with inferior vena caval extension using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Can J Cardiol 2001; 17:1183-8. [PMID: 11726987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma with tumour thrombus extension into the inferior vena cava presents a difficult surgical challenge. The conventional surgical approach, which involves isolating the inferior vena cava, incising its wall and removing the thrombus, can have high incidences of perioperative mortality and embolization of the tumour thrombus compounded by severe hemorrhage. Four patients with renal cell carcinomas extending into the inferior vena cava were supported with cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest during tumour excision. All of the operations were successfully performed with no mortality and minimal morbidity. The technique allowed the surgeon to operate in a bloodless field, thereby improving visibility and allowing complete tumour excision without significantly prolonging operative time. It is believed that this technique has improved the safety and technical feasibility of what had previously been a complicated and risky surgical procedure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kapasi
- The University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sanwal V, Pandya M, Bhaskaran M, Franki N, Reddy K, Ding G, Kapasi A, Valderrama E, Singhal PC. Puromycin aminonucleoside induces glomerular epithelial cell apoptosis. Exp Mol Pathol 2001; 70:54-64. [PMID: 11170791 DOI: 10.1006/exmp.2000.2345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Glomerular epithelial cell (GEC) injury has been considered to play an important role in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced nephrosis. We studied the effect of PAN on rat as well as human GEC apoptosis. Morphogic evaluation of GEC apoptosis and necrosis was carried out by staining with H-33342 and propidium iodide. GEC apoptosis was further confirmed by DNA fragmentation assay (by both agarose gel electrophoresis and end-labeling). To determine the dose- and time-response effect of PAN, GECs were treated with variable concentrations of PAN (10 to 500 microg/ml) for variable time periods (6 to 48 h). To determine the role of gene synthesis, we studied the effect of actinomycin D (a transcriptional inhibitor) on PAN-induced GEC apoptosis. To determine the role of free radicals, we evaluated the effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD), dimethylthiourea (DMTU), and catalase on PAN-induced GEC apoptosis. PAN induced GEC apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. PAN at a high concentration (PAN, 100 microg/ml) also induced a moderate degree of GEC necrosis. In DNA fragmentation assays PAN-treated GECs showed the classic ladder pattern. PAN-induced GEC apoptosis was partly attenuated with free radical scavengers, such as SOD, DMTU, and catalase. In addition, actinomycin D attenuated PAN-induced GEC apoptosis. PAN induces GEC apoptosis, which may be mediated through the generation of reactive oxygen species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Sanwal
- Molecular Biology and Experimental Pathology Section, Long Island Jewish Medical Center and North Shore University Hospital, New York, New York 11040, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Patel P, Varghese E, Ding G, Fan S, Kapasi A, Reddy K, Franki N, Nahar N, Singhal P. Transforming growth factor beta induces mesangial cell apoptosis through NO- and p53-dependent and -independent pathways. J Investig Med 2000; 48:403-10. [PMID: 11094862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) has been shown to have a bimodal effect on mesangial cell (MC) proliferation, we studied its effect on MC apoptosis. METHODS Cultured mouse MCs were used to evaluate the effect of TGF-beta. Morphologic evaluation of MC apoptosis was performed by staining cells with H-33342 and propidium iodide. To confirm the effect of TGF-beta on MC apoptosis, DNA was extracted from control and TGF-beta-treated MCs and run on gel electrophoresis. We evaluated the effect of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor, on TGF-beta-induced MC apoptosis to determine the role of NO and studied the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and SNAP (S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine) on MC apoptosis to confirm the effect of NO. We examined the role of p53 by studying the effect of TGF-beta on MCs derived from p53 knockout mice (p53KO-MC) as well as a normogenic strain (N-MC). We also examined the effect of TGF-beta, SNP, and SNAP on apoptosis of p53 mutant (MDAMB-231) and wild-type p53 (MCF-7) breast cancer cell lines. In addition, Western blots were generated from control, TGF-beta-treated, and SNAP-treated MCs and probed for the expression of p53. RESULTS TGF-beta promoted MC apoptosis. Moreover, TGF-beta-treated MCs displayed integer multiples of 180 base pairs (ladder pattern). L-NAME inhibited TGF-beta-induced MC apoptosis. Furthermore, SNP and SNAP, NO donors, promoted MC apoptosis. TGF-beta also enhanced the MC expression of p53. TGF-beta induced only a moderate degree of apoptosis in MCs derived from p53KO-MC when compared with N-MCs. Similarly, the TGF-beta-induced apoptosis of MDAMB-231 was of a moderate degree when compared with MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSIONS We hypothesize that TGF-beta promotes MC apoptosis through NO generation and p53-dependent and -independent pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Patel
- Molecular Biology and Experimental Pathology Section, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Singhal PC, Patel P, Nàhàr N, Franki N, Kapasi A, Reddy K, Shah N, Nwakoby IE, Mehrotra B. Ethanol-induced neutrophil apoptosis is mediated through nitric oxide. J Leukoc Biol 1999; 66:930-6. [PMID: 10614774 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.66.6.930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical reports indicate that acute ethanol intoxication in chronic ethanol abusers is associated with neutropenia. We hypothesize that ethanol accelerates the apoptosis of neutrophils thus decreasing the peripheral blood count of neutrophils. We studied the effect of ethanol on neutrophil apoptosis in vivo as well as in vitro. Human neutrophils harvested from healthy subjects after an alcohol drinking binge showed enhanced apoptosis (before, 0.5+/-0.25 vs. after, 26.1+/-2.6% apoptotic neutrophils/field). Peritoneal neutrophils isolated from ethanol-treated rats also showed increased (P < 0.0001) apoptosis when compared with neutrophils isolated from control rats (control, 0.8+/-0.2% vs. ethanol, 11.8+/-0.7% apoptotic neutrophils/field). In in vitro studies, ethanol in concentrations of 50 mM and higher accelerated the apoptosis of human and rat neutrophils. This effect of ethanol on human neutrophils was time dependent. DNA isolated from ethanol-treated human neutrophils displayed integer multiples of 180 base pairs (ladder pattern), further confirming the effect of ethanol on neutrophil apoptosis. N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine monoacetate and N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, attenuated the ethanol-induced neutrophil apoptosis. Sodium nitroprusside, a NO donor, also promoted neutrophil apoptosis. Moreover, ethanol enhanced neutrophil expression of inducible NO synthase. In addition, ethanol stimulated neutrophil NO generation. These results suggest that ethanol accelerates neutrophil apoptosis. This effect of ethanol on neutrophil apoptosis seems to be mediated through the generation of NO.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P C Singhal
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Singhal PC, Reddy K, Ding G, Kapasi A, Franki N, Ranjan R, Nwakoby IE, Gibbons N. Ethanol-Induced Macrophage Apoptosis: The Role of TGF-β. The Journal of Immunology 1999. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.162.5.3031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Both clinical and laboratory reports indicate that ethanol addicts are prone to recurrent infections. We hypothesize that ethanol promotes macrophage apoptosis, thus compromising the efficiency of the mononuclear phagocyte system in dealing with infection. We studied the effect of ethanol on macrophage apoptosis. Human monocytes isolated from healthy subjects after an alcohol drinking binge showed enhanced apoptosis (before, 1.2 ± 0.3% vs after, 28.4 ± 3.7% apoptotic cells/field). Peritoneal macrophages harvested from ethanol-treated rats also showed increased (p < 0.0001) apoptosis. DNA isolated from peritoneal macrophages of ethanol-treated rats displayed integer multiples of 200 base pairs (ladder pattern). Furthermore, macrophages harvested from ethanol-treated rats had an enhanced expression as well as accumulation of TGF-β. In in vitro studies, ethanol promoted apoptosis of human monocytes as well as rat peritoneal macrophages. In addition, ethanol enhanced apoptosis of murine macrophages (J774) in a time-dependent manner. The ethanol-induced apoptosis was amplified by LPS and partly attenuated (p < 0.001) by anti-TGF-β Ab. TGF-β also promoted macrophage apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ethanol enhanced TGF-β protein production by macrophages. These results indicate that ethanol promotes macrophage apoptosis. This effect of ethanol seems to be partly mediated through the generation of TGF-β by macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin C. Singhal
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040; and Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Krishna Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040; and Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Guohua Ding
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040; and Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Aditi Kapasi
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040; and Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Nicholas Franki
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040; and Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Rajiv Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040; and Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Izuchukwu E. Nwakoby
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040; and Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| | - Nora Gibbons
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040; and Long Island Campus for Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Singhal PC, Reddy K, Ding G, Kapasi A, Franki N, Ranjan R, Nwakoby IE, Gibbons N. Ethanol-induced macrophage apoptosis: the role of TGF-beta. J Immunol 1999; 162:3031-6. [PMID: 10072555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Both clinical and laboratory reports indicate that ethanol addicts are prone to recurrent infections. We hypothesize that ethanol promotes macrophage apoptosis, thus compromising the efficiency of the mononuclear phagocyte system in dealing with infection. We studied the effect of ethanol on macrophage apoptosis. Human monocytes isolated from healthy subjects after an alcohol drinking binge showed enhanced apoptosis (before, 1.2 +/- 0.3% vs after, 28.4 +/- 3.7% apoptotic cells/field). Peritoneal macrophages harvested from ethanol-treated rats also showed increased (p < 0.0001) apoptosis. DNA isolated from peritoneal macrophages of ethanol-treated rats displayed integer multiples of 200 base pairs (ladder pattern). Furthermore, macrophages harvested from ethanol-treated rats had an enhanced expression as well as accumulation of TGF-beta. In in vitro studies, ethanol promoted apoptosis of human monocytes as well as rat peritoneal macrophages. In addition, ethanol enhanced apoptosis of murine macrophages (J774) in a time-dependent manner. The ethanol-induced apoptosis was amplified by LPS and partly attenuated (p < 0.001) by anti-TGF-beta Ab. TGF-beta also promoted macrophage apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ethanol enhanced TGF-beta protein production by macrophages. These results indicate that ethanol promotes macrophage apoptosis. This effect of ethanol seems to be partly mediated through the generation of TGF-beta by macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P C Singhal
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Renal interstitial accumulation of monocytes is an important feature of HIV-associated nephropathy. We studied the effects of proximal tubular cell products (TCP) and proximal tubular cell-gp120 interaction products (TC-120IP) on the migration of monocytes across a modified Boyden chamber. TC-120IP promoted (P < 0.001) the migration of monocytes when compared with TCP (TCP, 45.0 +/- 5.9 vs. TC-120IP, 192.3 +/- 39.5 migrated monocytes/field). This effect of TC-120IP on monocyte migration was dose dependent. Anti-MCP-1 (TCP, 24.7 +/- 2.6; TC-120IP, 82.3 +/- 5.5; TC120-IP + anti-MCP-1 antibody, 46.5 +/- 3.5 migrated monocytes/field) as well as anti-TGF-beta antibodies (TCP, 25.8 +/- 3.4; TC120-IP, 80.3 +/- 6.9; TC-120IP + anti-TGF-beta antibody, 43.8 +/- 5.6 migrated monocytes/field) partly attenuated TC-120IP-induced migration of monocytes across a filter. Moreover, anti-MCP-1 and anti-TGF antibodies showed an additive inhibitory effect on TC-120IP-induced migration of monocytes across a filter. These results suggest that TC-120IP-induced migration of monocytes may be mediated through the generation of MCP-1 and TGF-beta by tubular cells. The present study provides the basis for a hypothesis that HIV-1 gp120 protein may be contributing to the infiltration of monocytes in the renal interstitium of patients with HIV-associated nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kapasi
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
Renal interstitial scarring is an important component of heroin-associated nephropathy. Kidney fibroblasts have been demonstrated to play a role in the development of renal scarring in a variety of renal diseases. We studied the effect of morphine, an active metabolite of heroin, on the proliferation of kidney fibroblasts. Morphine at a concentration of 10(-12) M enhanced (P < 0.001) the proliferation of kidney fibroblasts (control, 67.5 +/- 2.0 vs. morphine, 112.2 +/- 10.1 x 10(4) cells/well). [3H]thymidine incorporation studies further confirmed these results. Morphine at concentrations of 10(-12) M to 10(-10) M also modulated mRNA expression of early growth related genes (c-fos, c-jun and c-myc). Morphine at concentrations of 10(-8) to 10(-4) M promoted apoptosis of kidney fibroblasts and also enhanced the synthesis of p53 by kidney fibroblasts. We speculate that morphine-induced kidney fibroblast proliferation may be mediated through the activation of early growth related genes, whereas morphine induced kidney fibroblast apoptosis may be mediated through the generation of p53. The present in vitro study provides a hypothetical basis for the role of morphine in the development of renal interstitial scarring in patients with heroin-associated nephropathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P C Singhal
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mattana J, Effiong C, Kapasi A, Singhal PC. Leukocyte-polytetrafluoroethylene interaction enhances proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells via tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion. Kidney Int 1997; 52:1478-85. [PMID: 9407493 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1997.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Intimal hyperplasia of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) at the venous anastomosis of arteriovenous grafts represents the most common cause of vascular access failure in hemodialysis patients. Upstream release of growth factors from leukocytes activated by adhesion to the graft material may play a role in this lesion. We evaluated the effect of interaction of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) on proliferation of VSMC. Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation was significantly increased by conditioned media from human PBMC incubated with PTFE. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell adhesion to PTFE could not be antagonized by the beta 1 integrin ligand-containing peptide GRGDSP, but was attenuated by EDTA consistent with beta 2 integrin-mediated adhesion. Soluble scavenger receptor ligands at high concentrations had no effect on adhesion to PTFE excluding any contributory role of scavenger receptors in this interaction. Neutralizing antibodies to TNF-alpha significantly attenuated the mitogenic effect of PBMC/PTFE conditioned media and a marked increase in TNF-alpha secretion by PBMC on PTFE was detected by ELISA. These studies demonstrate that PBMC interaction with PTFE can promote proliferation of VSMC via increased production of TNF-alpha and perhaps other cytokines. Leukocyte interaction with PTFE causing enhanced secretion of TNF-alpha and consequent VSMC proliferation may account for the development of venous intimal hyperplasia in hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous grafts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Mattana
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, New York, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Singhal PC, Reddy K, Franki N, Sanwal V, Kapasi A, Gibbons N, Mattana J, Valderrama E. Age and sex modulate renal expression of SGP-2 and transglutaminase and apoptosis of splenocytes, thymocytes, and macrophages. J Investig Med 1997; 45:567-75. [PMID: 9444884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging in humans has been associated with the progressive loss of renal mass. This has been considered to account for a significant reduction of glomerular filtration rate in the aging population. In addition, aging is associated with a compromised immune system. Macrophages, thymocytes, and splenocytes play an important role in the maintenance of the immune system. We studied the effect of sex and aging on apoptosis of peritoneal macrophages, thymocytes, and splenocytes. In addition, we also studied the effect of sex and aging on mRNA expression of active cell death genes on the renal cortex. METHODS Rats in groups of 4 to 12 were killed at ages 2, 14, 30, 50, 75, and 100 weeks. Renal cortices, peritoneal macrophages, thymocytes, and splenocytes were isolated. DNA was isolated and run on agarose gel electrophoresis. Apoptosis of renal cells was evaluated by the TUNEL method and transmission electron microscopy. RNA was isolated from renal cortices and probed with specific cDNA probes for genes associated with active cell death, such as SGP-2, cathepsin-B, and tissue transglutaminase. Mesangial cells (MC) derived from younger and older rats were examined for the occurrence of apoptosis. The effect of estradiol and testosterone was studied on mesangial cell apoptosis. RESULTS At 2 weeks, peritoneal macrophages, thymocytes, and splenocytes showed no DNA fragmentation. Apoptosis of macrophages, splenocytes, and thymocytes increased with age in the males as well as females. Mesangial cells derived from aged rats showed a greater percentage of apoptosis when compared to MC derived from younger rats. Estradiol and testosterone directly affect mesangial cell apoptosis. Renal cortices of male rats showed enhanced mRNA expression of SGP-2 and tissue transglutaminase with aging; whereas expression of cathepsin-B peaked at 30 weeks in both male and female rats. CONCLUSION Age and sex modulate renal cortical mRNA expression of genes associated with active cell death. Age and sex also modulate apoptosis of macrophages, splenocytes, and thymocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P C Singhal
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Singhal PC, Sharma P, Gibbons N, Franki N, Kapasi A, Wagner JD. Effect of morphine on renomedullary interstitial cell proliferation and matrix accumulation. Nephron Clin Pract 1997; 77:225-34. [PMID: 9346391 DOI: 10.1159/000190277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal interstitial scarring is an important feature of heroin-associated nephropathy. We studied the effect of morphine, an active metabolite of heroin, on cultured rat renal medullary interstitial cell (RMIC) proliferation and matrix accumulation. Morphine (10(-12) M) enhanced (p < 0.001) the proliferation of RMIC (control, 15.0+/-0.5 vs. morphine, 20.4+/-1.1 x 10(4) cells/ml). This effect of morphine was dose and time dependent. [3H]thymidine and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation studies confirmed the mitogenic effect of morphine on RMIC. Morphine also enhanced mRNA expression for c-jun and c-myc on RMIC. However, nalbuphine, a non-addicting alkaloid did not modulate the proliferation of RMIC. Morphine enhanced the accumulation of collagen type I in a dose-dependent manner and also increased (p < 0.001) the accumulation of collagen type III at a high concentration (control, 1,291+/-55.8 vs. morphine, 10(-4) M, 2,697.6+/-257.8 ng/microg protein). Morphine did not modulate the accumulation of laminin or fibronectin. Neutralizing antibody to IL-6 inhibited the effect of morphine on RMIC. H7, a protein kinase C inhibitor, also attenuated the morphine-induced RMIC proliferation. The present study provides a basis for a hypothesis that morphine may be playing a role in the development of renal interstitial pathology in patients with heroin addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P C Singhal
- Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, N.Y. 11040, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Singhal PC, Sharma P, Singhal M, Gibbons N, Kapasi A, Reddy K. HIV-1 gp160 Protein Modulates Proximal Tubular Cell Proliferation and Matrix Synthesis. Cell Physiol Biochem 1997. [DOI: 10.1159/000154851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
43
|
Kapasi A, Varthakavi PK, Khopkar U, Wadhwa SL, Nihalani KD. Endocrine profiles in six patients with acanthosis nigricans. J Assoc Physicians India 1994; 42:529-30. [PMID: 7868520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Six women (age range 17-38 years), who presented to the dermatology services with biopsy-proven acanthosis nigricans of variable duration were evaluated to rule out endocrine diseases. Menstrual abnormalities (5/6 patients), pallid striae (4/6 patients), hirsutism (4/6 patients) and acne vulgaris (2/6 patients) were found on physical examination. All the patients had body mass indices in the obese (> 27 kg/m2) range, and in association we found ovarian hyperthecosis, PCOD, premature ovarian failure, glucose intolerance and hyperprolactinaemia in the above six patients. The importance of appropriate endocrinal evaluation in patients with biopsy-proven acanthosis nigricans is emphasized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Kapasi
- Department of Dermatology, TN Medical College & B Y L Nair Charitable Hospital, Bombay
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Two males aged 12 and 38 years presented with widespread severely pruritic blackish spots for 15 days. Widespread slate-grey patches and erythematous hyperpigmented plaques were observed with a positive Darier's sign. There were associated neck swellings, abdominal pain, anorexia, weight loss and bleeding gums in both. Peripheral blood and bone marrow showed blast cells, anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Cell surface markers confirmed the presence of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Skin biopsy showed an infiltrate of lymphoblasts as well as mast cells. Partial response was noted with cytotoxic therapy in 1 patient. Thus lesions mimicking urticaria pigmentosa may be the presenting sign of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Raj
- Department of Dermatology, T.N. Medical College, Bombay, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|