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Biswas A, Kumari A, Gaikwad DS, Pandey DK. Revolutionizing Biological Science: The Synergy of Genomics in Health, Bioinformatics, Agriculture, and Artificial Intelligence. OMICS 2023; 27:550-569. [PMID: 38100404 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2023.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
With climate emergency, COVID-19, and the rise of planetary health scholarship, the binary of human and ecosystem health has been deeply challenged. The interdependence of human and nonhuman animal health is increasingly acknowledged and paving the way for new frontiers in integrative biology. The convergence of genomics in health, bioinformatics, agriculture, and artificial intelligence (AI) has ushered in a new era of possibilities and applications. However, the sheer volume of genomic/multiomics big data generated also presents formidable sociotechnical challenges in extracting meaningful biological, planetary health and ecological insights. Over the past few years, AI-guided bioinformatics has emerged as a powerful tool for managing, analyzing, and interpreting complex biological datasets. The advances in AI, particularly in machine learning and deep learning, have been transforming the fields of genomics, planetary health, and agriculture. This article aims to unpack and explore the formidable range of possibilities and challenges that result from such transdisciplinary integration, and emphasizes its radically transformative potential for human and ecosystem health. The integration of these disciplines is also driving significant advancements in precision medicine and personalized health care. This presents an unprecedented opportunity to deepen our understanding of complex biological systems and advance the well-being of all life in planetary ecosystems. Notwithstanding in mind its sociotechnical, ethical, and critical policy challenges, the integration of genomics, multiomics, planetary health, and agriculture with AI-guided bioinformatics opens up vast opportunities for transnational collaborative efforts, data sharing, analysis, valorization, and interdisciplinary innovations in life sciences and integrative biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aakanksha Biswas
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, India
| | - Aditi Kumari
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, India
| | - D S Gaikwad
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Dhananjay K Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Jharkhand, Ranchi, India
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Pandit A, Shukla AK, Deepika, Vaidya D, Kumari A, Kumar A. In vitro Assessment of Anti-Microbial Activity of Aloe vera (Barbadensis miller) Supported through Computational Studies. Russ J Bioorg Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162023020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Raj R, Mahey R, Bhatla N, Manchanda S, Kumari A, Ranjan R. Laparoscopic Inguinal Gonadectomy in a Case of Partial Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and Bilateral Gonads in Inguinal Canal. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Cheluvaraju R, Mahey R, Kumari A, Bhatla N. 8974 Laparoscopic Loop and Stitch Technique in Tubal Stump Ectopic Pregnancy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dawn R, Zzaman M, Faizal F, Kiran C, Kumari A, Shahid R, Panatarani C, Joni IM, Verma VK, Sahoo SK, Amemiya K, Singh VR. Origin of Magnetization in Silica-coated Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles Revealed by Soft X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism. Braz J Phys 2022; 52:99. [PMCID: PMC9014780 DOI: 10.1007/s13538-022-01102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) and SiO2-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles have successfully been synthesized using co-precipitation and modified Stöber methods, respectively. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). XRD and FTIR data confirmed the structural configuration of a single-phase Fe3O4 and the successful formation of SiO2-coated Fe3O4 NPs. XRD also confirmed that we have succeeded to synthesize nano-meter size of Fe3O4 NPs. HRTEM images showed the increasing thickness of SiO2-coated Fe3O4 with the addition of the Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS). Room temperature VSM analysis showed the magnetic behaviour of Fe3O4 and its variations that occurred after SiO2 coating. The magnetic behaviour is further authenticated by XAS spectra analysis which cleared about the existence of SiO2 shells that have transformed the crystal as well as the local structures of the magnetite NPs. We have performed XMCD measurements, which is a powerful element-specific technique to find out the origin of magnetization in SiO2-coated Fe3O4 NPs, that verified a decrease in magnetization with increasing thickness of the SiO2 coating. Graphical Abstract Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) and SiO2-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles have successfully been synthesized using co-precipitation and modified Stöber methods, respectively. The samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) techniques, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). XRD and FTIR data confirmed the structural configuration of a single-phase Fe3O4 and the successful formation of SiO2-coated Fe3O4 NPs. XRD also confirmed that we have succeeded to synthesize nano-meter size of Fe3O4 NPs. HRTEM images showed the increasing thickness of SiO2-coated Fe3O4 with the addition of the Tetraethyl Orthosilicate (TEOS). Room temperature VSM analysis showed the magnetic behaviour of Fe3O4 and its variations that occurred after SiO2 coating. The magnetic behaviour is further authenticated by XAS spectra analysis which cleared about the existence of SiO2 shells that have transformed the crystal as well as the local structures of the magnetite NPs. We have performed XMCD measurements, which is a powerful element-specific technique to find out the origin of magnetization in SiO2-coated Fe3O4 NPs, that verified a decrease in magnetization with increasing thickness of the SiO2 coating. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Dawn
- Department of Physics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, India
| | - M. Zzaman
- Department of Physics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, India
- Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - F. Faizal
- Department of Physics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
- Functional Nano Powder University Centre of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
| | - C. Kiran
- Department of Animal Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, 191201 India
| | - A. Kumari
- Department of Physics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, India
| | - R. Shahid
- Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi, 110025 India
| | - C. Panatarani
- Department of Physics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
- Functional Nano Powder University Centre of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
| | - I. M. Joni
- Department of Physics, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
- Functional Nano Powder University Centre of Excellence (FiNder U CoE), Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang, Km 21, West Java, Bandung, 45363 Indonesia
| | - V. K. Verma
- Department of Physics, Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science, Madanapalle, 517325 India
| | - S. K. Sahoo
- Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008 India
| | - K. Amemiya
- Photon Factory, IMSS, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
| | - V. R. Singh
- Department of Physics, Central University of South Bihar, Gaya-824236, India
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Kaur R, Kumari A, Sharma G, Singh D, Kaur R. Biodegradation of endocrine disrupting chemicals benzyl butyl phthalate and dimethyl phthalate by Bacillus marisflavi RR014. J Appl Microbiol 2021; 131:1274-1288. [PMID: 33599367 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objectives of the present study were to explore the benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) and dimethyl phthalate (DMP) degradation potential of Bacillus marisflavi RR014 isolated from the tap water of public toilet and also to optimize the phthalates degradation process using response surface methodology. METHODS AND RESULTS The minimal salt medium was used for the biodegradation analysis of phthalates. The quantification of phthalates and their intermediate metabolites identification were done by using UHPLC and LC-MS/MS respectively. The results revealed that B. marisflavi RR014 is capable of degrading both the phthalates under varying pH, temperature and salinity conditions. The formation of phthalic acid from the breakdown of BBP and DMP (500 mg l-1 ) in the medium was observed after 24 h. After 72 h, 61% of BBP and 98·9% of DMP in the medium was degraded as monitored by UHPLC. The identification of intermediate metabolites by LC-MS/MS revealed that hydrolysis of BBP and DMP produces phthalic acid. CONCLUSIONS The degradation rate of both the phthalates was increased as the parameters increased up to an optimum level. The three environmental factors (pH, temperature and salt concentration) strongly affect the rate of degradation of both the phthalates. The maximum degradation rate for both the phthalates was achieved at pH 7, temperature 35°C and salt concentration of 1% as observed from the central composite experimental design. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY It is the first report on the phthalates biodegradation potential of B. marisflavi RR014 isolated from the tap water of public toilet. The bacterium is capable of degrading BBP and DMP under varying pH, temperature and salinity, therefore, ideal to treat the phthalate contaminated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - A Kumari
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - G Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - D Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - R Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Kumari A, Kaur T, Ranjan P, Chopra S, Sarkar S, Baitha U. Workplace violence against doctors: Characteristics, risk factors, and mitigation strategies. J Postgrad Med 2020; 66:149-154. [PMID: 32675451 PMCID: PMC7542052 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_96_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Workplace violence is a major occupational issue concerning doctors that has a significant impact on their physical and psychological well-being. This ultimately affects the health care services of the country. Patient-led episodes of verbal violence are more prevalent in Asian countries, especially in the emergency department, psychiatric wards, and intensive care units, mostly faced by junior doctors and residents. Some common precursors of violence against doctors are patients and their attendants' dissatisfaction and low impulse control, poor administration, miscommunication, infrastructural issues especially differences in services between private and public hospitals, and negative media portrayal of doctors. The assessment of risk factors, development and implementation of workplace violence programs, and addressing underreporting of violent episodes have been suggested as some successful organizational mitigation strategies. Recommendations on the management of workplace violence include the development of participative, gender-based, culture-based, nondiscriminatory, and systematic strategies to deal with issues related to violence. This article aims to present a comprehensive review of workplace violence against doctors, discussing the prevalence, degree of violence, predictors, impact on physical and psychological health and intervention strategies to devise practical actions against workplace violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - T Kaur
- Department of Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - P Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - S Chopra
- Department of Home Science, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry and National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
| | - U Baitha
- Department of Medicine, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Bhusal S, Chatterjee S, Chakraborty S, Kumari A, Bachianathan S, Mahato A, Lal P, Gupta S, Solomon P, Das K, Mandal S. PO-1797: Dosimetric analysis of simultaneous integrated boost in the HYPORT Adjuvant Trial (NCT03788213). Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01815-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Santosham R, Chatterjee S, Chakraborty S, Mahata A, Mandal S, Das A, Kumari A, Ray S, Ahmed R. PO-0985: Hypofractionated radiotherapy with SIB in advanced incurable breast cancer-HYPORT B study. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01003-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ramprakash S, Agarwal RK, Dhanya R, Sedai A, Kumari A, Parmar L, Srinivas R, Kakulamari VR, Marwah P, Soni R, Williams S, Rathnayake W, Sen S, Tulpule S, Faulkner L. Rejection of paternal vs maternal fully matched bone marrow grafts in children with thalassemia. Bone Marrow Transplant 2017; 52:1585-1586. [PMID: 28920948 PMCID: PMC5671933 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2017.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Ramprakash
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, People Tree Hospitals, Bangalore, India
| | | | - R Dhanya
- Sankalp India Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | - A Sedai
- Sankalp India Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | - A Kumari
- Sankalp India Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | - L Parmar
- Sankalp India Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | - R Srinivas
- Sankalp India Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | | | - P Marwah
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, South East Asia Institute for Thalassemia, Jaipur, India
| | - R Soni
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, South East Asia Institute for Thalassemia, Jaipur, India
| | - S Williams
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Nawaloka Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - W Rathnayake
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Nawaloka Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - S Sen
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - S Tulpule
- Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - L Faulkner
- Cure2Children Foundation, Florence, Italy
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Kamal R, Pathak V, Kumari A, Natrajan M, Katoch K, Kar HK. Addition of Mycobacterium indicus pranii vaccine as an immunotherapeutic to standard chemotherapy in borderline leprosy: a double-blind study to assess clinical improvement (preliminary report). Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1388-1389. [PMID: 27518926 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.14971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Kamal
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - V Pathak
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - A Kumari
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - M Natrajan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - K Katoch
- Department of Clinical Medicine, National JALMA Institute of Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj Agra, India
| | - H K Kar
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Dr Ram Manoher Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Itkin T, Kumari A, Schneider E, Gur-Cohen S, Ludwig C, Brooks R, Kollet O, Golan K, Khatib-Massalha E, Russo CM, Chisholm JD, Rouhi A, Geiger H, Hornstein E, Kerr WG, Kuchenbauer F, Lapidot T. MicroRNA-155 promotes G-CSF-induced mobilization of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells via propagation of CXCL12 signaling. Leukemia 2017; 31:1247-1250. [PMID: 28174416 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Itkin
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.,Department of Medicine, Ansary Stem Cell Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Kumari
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - E Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - S Gur-Cohen
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - C Ludwig
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - R Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - O Kollet
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - K Golan
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - E Khatib-Massalha
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - C M Russo
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - J D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - A Rouhi
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - H Geiger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Aging Research Center, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - E Hornstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - W G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - F Kuchenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - T Lapidot
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Kumari A, Papenfus HB, Kulkarni MG, Pošta M, Van Staden J. Effect of smoke derivatives on in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube elongation of species from different plant families. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2015; 17:825-830. [PMID: 25545791 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Plant-derived smoke stimulates seed germination in numerous plant species. Smoke also has a positive stimulatory effect on pollen germination and pollen tube growth. The range of plant families affected my smoke still needs to be established since the initial study was restricted to only three species from the Amaryllidaceae. The effects of smoke-water (SW) and the smoke-derived compounds, karrikinolide (KAR1 ) and trimethylbutenolide (TMB) on pollen growth characteristics were evaluated in seven different plant families. Smoke-water (1:1000 and 1:2000 v:v) combined with either Brewbaker and Kwack's (BWK) medium or sucrose and boric acid (SB) medium significantly improved pollen germination and pollen tube growth in Aloe maculata All., Kniphofia uvaria Oken, Lachenalia aloides (L.f.) Engl. var. aloides and Tulbaghia simmleri P. Beauv. Karrikinolide (10(-6) and 10(-7) m) treatment significantly improved pollen tube growth in A. maculata, K. uvaria, L. aloides and Nematanthus crassifolius (Schott) Wiehle compared to the controls. BWK or SB medium containing TMB (10(-3) m) produced significantly longer pollen tubes in A. maculata, K. uvaria and N. crassifolius. These results indicate that plant-derived smoke and the smoke-isolated compounds may stimulate pollen growth in a wide range of plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumari
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - H B Papenfus
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - M G Kulkarni
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - M Pošta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Van Staden
- Research Centre for Plant Growth and Development, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal Pietermaritzburg, Scottsville, South Africa
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Tursky ML, Beck D, Thoms JAI, Huang Y, Kumari A, Unnikrishnan A, Knezevic K, Evans K, Richards LA, Lee E, Morris J, Goldberg L, Izraeli S, Wong JWH, Olivier J, Lock RB, MacKenzie KL, Pimanda JE. Overexpression of ERG in cord blood progenitors promotes expansion and recapitulates molecular signatures of high ERG leukemias. Leukemia 2014; 29:819-27. [PMID: 25306899 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
High expression of the ETS family transcription factor ERG is associated with poor clinical outcome in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). In murine models, high ERG expression induces both T-ALL and AML. However, no study to date has defined the effect of high ERG expression on primary human hematopoietic cells. In the present study, human CD34+ cells were transduced with retroviral vectors to elevate ERG gene expression to levels detected in high ERG AML. RNA sequencing was performed on purified populations of transduced cells to define the effects of high ERG on gene expression in human CD34+ cells. Integration of the genome-wide expression data with other data sets revealed that high ERG drives an expression signature that shares features of normal hematopoietic stem cells, high ERG AMLs, early T-cell precursor-ALLs and leukemic stem cell signatures associated with poor clinical outcome. Functional assays linked this gene expression profile to enhanced progenitor cell expansion. These results support a model whereby a stem cell gene expression network driven by high ERG in human cells enhances the expansion of the progenitor pool, providing opportunity for the acquisition and propagation of mutations and the development of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Tursky
- 1] Adult Cancer Program, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia [2] Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - D Beck
- Adult Cancer Program, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - J A I Thoms
- Adult Cancer Program, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Y Huang
- Adult Cancer Program, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Kumari
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - A Unnikrishnan
- Adult Cancer Program, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Knezevic
- Adult Cancer Program, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - K Evans
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - L A Richards
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - E Lee
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Morris
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - L Goldberg
- 1] Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel [2] Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - S Izraeli
- 1] Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel [2] Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - J W H Wong
- Adult Cancer Program, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - J Olivier
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - R B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - K L MacKenzie
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - J E Pimanda
- 1] Adult Cancer Program, Prince of Wales Clinical School, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW, Sydney, Australia [2] Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Kumari A, Iwasaki T, Pyndiah S, Cassimere EK, Palani CD, Sakamuro D. Regulation of E2F1-induced apoptosis by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Cell Death Differ 2014; 22:311-22. [PMID: 25257171 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2014.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor adenovirus E2 promoter-binding factor (E2F)-1 normally enhances cell-cycle progression, but it also induces apoptosis under certain conditions, including DNA damage and serum deprivation. Although DNA damage facilitates the phosphorylation and stabilization of E2F1 to trigger apoptosis, how serum starvation renders cells vulnerable to E2F1-induced apoptosis remains unclear. Because poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), a nuclear enzyme essential for genomic stability and chromatin remodeling, interacts directly with E2F1, we investigated the effects of PARP1 on E2F1-mediated functions in the presence and absence of serum. PARP1 attenuation, which increased E2F1 transactivation, induced G2/M cell-cycle arrest under normal growth conditions, but enhanced E2F1-induced apoptosis in serum-starved cells. Interestingly, basal PARP1 activity was sufficient to modify E2F1 by poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, which stabilized the interaction between E2F1 and the BIN1 tumor suppressor in the nucleus. Accordingly, BIN1 acted as an RB1-independent E2F1 corepressor. Because E2F1 directly activates the BIN1 gene promoter, BIN1 curbed E2F1 activity through a negative-feedback mechanism. Conversely, when the BIN1-E2F1 interaction was abolished by PARP1 suppression, E2F1 continuously increased BIN1 levels. This is functionally germane, as PARP1-depletion-associated G2/M arrest was reversed by the transfection of BIN1 siRNA. Moreover, PARP-inhibitor-associated anti-transformation activity was compromised by the coexpression of dominant-negative BIN1. Because serum starvation massively reduced the E2F1 poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, we conclude that the release of BIN1 from hypo-poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated E2F1 is a mechanism by which serum starvation promotes E2F1-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumari
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA [2] Molecular Signaling Program, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - T Iwasaki
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA [2] Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Research Center for Environmental Genomics, Kobe University, Kobe 657, Japan
| | - S Pyndiah
- Molecular Signaling Program, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - E K Cassimere
- Molecular Signaling Program, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - C D Palani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
| | - D Sakamuro
- 1] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University Cancer Center, Augusta, GA 30912, USA [2] Molecular Signaling Program, Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Sarkar S, Kumari A, Mallick I, Chatterjee S, Achari R. PO-0759: Anesthesia for external beam radiation therapy in children ñ an audit of clinical practice. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)30877-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chopra V, Marotta F, Kumari A, Bishier MP, He F, Zerbinati N, Agarwal C, Naito Y, Tomella C, Sharma A, Solimene U. Prophylactic strategies in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a 2-year study testing a phytonutrient vs itraconazole. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2013; 27:875-82. [PMID: 24152852 DOI: pmid/24152852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical efficacy of a one week/month treatment with a phytocompound with antimycotic properties (K-712, with following 100 mg composition: 10 mg of oleoresin from Pseudowintera colorata at 30 percent concentration in Polygodial together with trace amounts of Olea europea) in recurrent vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (RVVC), as compared to once a week treatment with an azole drug for 24 months follow up. This prospective randomized study involving 122 women (19 to 63 years old) with a history of proven episodes of RVVC in the prior 12 months. Patients were allocated in two treatment groups of 61 patients each and given A) Itraconazole 200 mg orally once a week or B) 1 tab twice a day of K-712 for one week/month. Each treatment schedule was well tolerated with 19 patients in the azole group complaining of transient mild symptoms (nausea, abdominal discomfort, unpleasant taste), while only 3 patients on K-712 reported slight dyspepsia. The number of relapses was significantly lower in the K-712-treated group as compared to the itraconazole-group (22 vs 39, p less than 0.05). Moreover, the former group showed a significantly decreased number of cases resistant or dose-dependent susceptible as compared to group A (p less than 0.05 vs itraconazole) and the same occurred for the occurrence of non-albicans species (group A 64.1 percent vs group B 31.8 percent, p less than 0.05). The overall mycological cure at the end of the 2-year study showed a comparable benefit between the two groups. From these data it appears that the present antifungal phytonutrient is equally effective as itraconazole in the overall treatment of RVVC over a 2-year follow-up, but yielding a significantly better prophylactic effect and also maintenance benefit with lower relapse rate, antifungal susceptibility and growth of azole-resistant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Chopra
- ReGenera Research Group for Intervention in Aging, Milano, Italy
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Ranjan P, Kumari A, Das R, Gupta L, Singh SK, Yadav M. Evaluation of clinical features scoring system as screening tool for influenza A (H1N1) in epidemic situations. J Postgrad Med 2013; 58:265-9. [PMID: 23298921 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.105446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Influenza A (H1N1) hit the headlines in recent times and created mass hysteria and general panic. The high cost and non-availability of diagnostic laboratory tests for swine flu, especially in the developing countries underlines the need of having a cheaper, easily available, yet reasonably accurate screening test. AIMS This study was carried out to develop a clinical feature-based scoring system (CFSS) for influenza A (H1N1) and to evaluate its suitability as a screening tool when large numbers of influenza-like illness cases are suspect. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Clinical-record based study, carried out retrospectively in post-pandemic period on subject's case-sheets who had been quarantined at IG International Airport's quarantine center at Delhi. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clinical scoring of each suspected case was done by studying their case record sheet and compared with the results of RT-PCR. RT-PCR was used to confirm the diagnosis (Gold Standard). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS We calculated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the clinical feature-based scoring system (the proposed new screening tool) at different cut-off values. The most discriminant cut-off value was determined by plotting the ROC curve. RESULTS Of the 638 suspected cases, 127 (20%) were confirmed to have H1N1 by RT-PCR examination. On the basis of ROC, the most discriminant clinical feature score for diagnosing Influenza A was found to be 7, which yielded sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values of 86%, 88%, 64%, and 96%, respectively. CONCLUSION The clinical features scoring system (CFSS) can be used as a valid and cost-effective tool for screening swine flu (influenza A (H1N1)) cases from large number of influenza-like illness suspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ranjan
- Department of Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
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Premchandran D, Murlimanju BV, Prabhu LV, Saralaya VV, Kumari A, Rao KA, Prashanth KU, Rai A. Topography and morphological anatomy of nutrient foramina in human metacarpal bones and their clinical implications. Clin Ter 2013; 164:295-300. [PMID: 24045511 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2013.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the morphological and topographic anatomy of nutrient foramina and to determine the foraminal index of metacarpal bones. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study consisted of 438 unpaired, human metacarpal bones of unknown age and sex. Nutrient foramina in each of the bones were grossly identified in relation to their number and location. The foraminal index was calculated by applying the Hughes formula. A digital vernier caliper was used to perform the measurements. RESULTS Among our specimens, 93.1% of metacarpals had single foramen, 2% had double foramina, 0.3% of the bones had triple foramina and in 4.6% of cases the foramen was absent. The mean foraminal indexes of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th metacarpal were 60.1, 53, 43.1, 43.7 and 45.9 respectively. CONCLUSION It was observed that the morphology and topography of nutrient foramina vary among different metacarpals. In 1st and 2nd metacarpals, foramina were more common at the medial surface and in other metacarpals, mostly seen on the lateral surface. The knowledge about these foramina is important in certain surgical procedures to preserve the circulation. This data is important to the plastic surgeon for microvascular bone transfer surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Premchandran
- Department of Anatomy, Manipal University, Centre for Basic Sciences, Kasturba Medical College, Bejai, Mangalore, India
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Kumari A, Sharma N, Sharma PK, Goyal N. Rheological evaluation of thermoreversible and mucoadhesive nasal gels of Zolmitriptan. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2012; 16:1022-1027. [PMID: 22913151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Rheological evaluation of thermoreversible mucoadhesive nasal gel of zolmitriptan is done to determine the steady shear behaviour and gelation temperature. The thermoreversible mucoadhesive polymers are sucessesfully used to increase the contact time of the therapeutic compound in the nasal cavity as well as they cause enhancement in permeation of drug through the nasal mucosa. MATERIAL AND METHODS Pluronic (F127) and Pluronic (F 68) were used as thermoreversible polymers in combination with a mucoadhesive polymer obtained from natural resource Zolmiriptan anti migraine drug obtained from Cipla Ltd. Rheometer Brookfield R/S- CPS- PI having cone-and-plate geometry was used for steady shear behaviour study and the gelation temperature was determined by Brookfield R/S plus Rheometer (Brookfield viscometer Ltd, Harlow, Essex, UK) fitted with spindle and Eurotherm cone/plate geometry. RESULTS Steady shear behaviour study concludes as content of mucoadhesive polymer starts increasing subsequently the viscosity of the solution starts increasing in the same manner. Gelation temperature study suggests that as the mucoadhesive content was increased in formulation the gelation temperature of the formulation was decreased subsequently. So it was concluded from the study that gelation temperature of the formulation was influenced by the mucoadhesive content. Temperature increases the gelation time of the formulation. CONCLUSIONS Above studies indicate that even small difference in the composition of the thermoreversible mucoadhesives gel formulations may cause major change in the rheological behaviour. Although the gelation temperatures of all the three formulations L1, L2 and L3 were below the human nasal temperature, they show different responses to the varied shear rates at different temperatures below and above the temperature of nasal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, Meerut-250005, India.
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Marotta F, Naito Y, Jain S, Lorenzetti A, Soresi V, Kumari A, Carrera Bastos P, Tomella C, Yadav H. Is there a potential application of a fermented nutraceutical in acute respiratory illnesses? An in-vivo placebo-controlled, cross-over clinical study in different age groups of healthy subjects. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2012; 26:285-94. [PMID: 22824755 DOI: pmid/22824755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of oxidants in viral diseases is fairly complex because it includes metabolic regulation both of host metabolism and viral replication. However, a role for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) as mediators of virus-induced lung damage is supported by studies and antioxidants can thus be expected to act at many different levels. The aim of the present pilot study was to test an antioxidant nutraceutical approach on some relevant immunological parameters known to be affected in common seasonal respiratory tract infection. The study population consisted of 90 sedentary healthy patients, previously selected as being GSTM1-positive, divided into three groups: A) 20-40 years; B) 41-65 years; B) over 65 years. Each patients was administered a life style and dietary questionnaire. Subjects were supplemented for 6 weeks with either 9g/day (4.5g twice a day sublingually) of a fermented papaya preparation (Osato Research Institute, Gifu, Japan) or placebo. After a further month period of wash out, subjects were treated again in a crossover manner. Parameters checked were as follows: routine blood tests with WBC formula, saliva flow rate and secretary IgA and lysozyme production and redox gene expression of Phase II enzyme and SOD from upper airways cells (from nasal lavage). Salivary secretion rate showed an age-related decline and was significantly increased by FPP supplementation only in the youngest age-group (p less than 0.05). Subjects treated with FPP showed a significantly higher lever of IgA and lisozyme production., irrespective of age group while their baseline production was significantly lower in the oldest age-group as compared to the youngest one (C vs A, p less than 0.05). FPP treatment brought about a significant upregulation of all phase II enzyme and SOD gene expression tested in nasal lavage cells. In conclusion, FPP supplementation during 1 month resulted in higher salivary IgA and increase in phase II and SOD enzyme expression, i.e the most important antioxidant in the respiratory tract. The biological significance of these effects i.e., whether it will help reducing the whole respiratory oxidative stress in the human airway and, hopefully, the incidence and/or severity of URTI remains to be demonstrated in longer clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Marotta
- ReGenera Research Group for Aging Intervention, Milan, Italy.
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Anwer Z, Sharma RK, Garg VK, Kumar N, Kumari A. Hypertension management in diabetic patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2011; 15:1256-1263. [PMID: 22195357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension and diabetes are becoming increasingly common. Clinical trials have demonstrated the importance of tight blood pressure control among patients with diabetes. However, little is known regarding the management of hypertension in patients with coexisting diabetes. Most patients with both disorders have a markedly worsened risk for premature micro vascular and macro vascular complications. The appropriate management of the hypertension seen in almost 70% of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus remains controversial. However, over the past few years, many randomized, controlled trials have provided guidance for more effective therapy. These trials have established the need for a lower goal blood pressure (< 130/80 mm Hg) than has previously been recommended. To achieve therapy goals, multiple antihypertensive drugs are usually needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, NH-58, Baghpat By-pass Crossing, Delhi-Haridwar Highway, Meerut, India.
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Kumari A, Bishier MP, Naito Y, Sharma A, Solimene U, Jain S, Yadava H, Minelli E, Tomella C, Marotta F. Protective effect of an oral natural phytonutrient in recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a 12-month study. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2011; 25:543-51. [PMID: 22217987 DOI: pmid/22217987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to assess the clinical efficacy of a phytocompound with antimicotic properties (K-712, with the following 100 mg composition: 10 mg of oleoresin from Pseudowintera colorata at 30 percent concentration in Polygodial together with trace amounts of Olea europea) in recurrent vulvo-vaginal candidiasis (RVVC) as compared to an azole drug during a 12-month period: 6 months of treatment followed by 6 months of observation. This prospective randomized study involved 82 women (19-61 years) with complaints of abnormal vaginal discharge and with a history of at least four proven episodes of RVVC in the previous 12 months. Patients were divided into two groups of treatment of 41 patients each and were given: A) Itraconazole 200 mg orally daily for 4 days, then 200 mg once weekly for 6 months or B) 1 tablet twice a day of a K-712 for 4 weeks and then for the first 2 weeks of each month for a total of 6 months. Both groups were then followed-up for further 6 months. Each treatment schedule was well tolerated with only 4 patients in the azole group complaining of transient mild symptoms (nausea, abdominal discomfort, unpleasant taste). Itraconazole reached an earlier symptomatic relief during the first two weeks of observation as compared with K-712 (p<0.05) but both treatments enabled a comparable benefit during the entire treatment study period, afterwards with comparable symptom/sign score (itraconazole vs K-712: 9 vs 11). At 6-month observation, mycological cure was reached by 83 percent in the itraconazole group and in 78 percent of the K-712-treated patients. During the further 6-month observation period without treatment, the itraconazole group showed significantly more relapses (65.7 vs 34.2 in K-712, p<0.05) and at the end of the whole 12-month study period the mycological cure was significantly higher in the K-712-treated patients (65.8 vs 34.3 percent, p<0.05). There was a non- significant trend increase of less drug-susceptible species in the itraconazole group. From these preliminary data it would appear that a natural antifungal phytocompound proves to be as good as itraconazole in the maintenance treatment of RVVC. Moreover, this approach seems to maintain a higher mycological success rate afterwards by reducing the number of relapses and probably of the growth of azole-resistant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumari
- Microbiology Department, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
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Singh S, Pawar D, Sharma S, Verma S, Aggrawal T, Kumari A, Yadav A. MP-01.22 Postoperative X-ray Chest After Supracostal Puncture: Mandatory After Every Case of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy? Urology 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2011.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sathian B, Kumari A, Sreedharan J, Mittal A. P2-268 Risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetics with symptoms of cardiac ischaemia in western region of Nepal: a hospital based study. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976k.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Marotta F, Naito Y, Bishier MP, Jain S, Yadav H, Minelli E, Kumari A, Solimene U, Sollano J. Subclinical candiduria in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies: a preliminary study on the protective effect of a natural phytocompound. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2010; 24:317-24. [PMID: 20846479 DOI: pmid/20846479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a great concern for the increasing incidence of candidiasis in cancer patients following immune-suppressive, cytostatic or antibiotic treatment. There are cancer patients with repeat asymptomatic recovery of candida in the urine in whom the choice of treatment, if any, is still a matter of debate. The aim of the study is to test the efficacy and tolerability of a natural anti-fungal phytocompound in patients with tumors of the gastrointestinal tract with prior or ongoing candiduria. Thirty-nine patients with operated gastrointestinal malignancies (18 still under current chemotherapy) with a history of repeated candiduria were enrolled. Eleven patients showed candiduria on enrolment and were treated with K-712, a natural antifungal phytocompound. Genomic analysis was carried out on blood samples of all patients on a monthly basis for 6 months. Within 3 weeks all 11 treated patients had negative cultures in the urine (10 patients after 2 weeks), 7 patients remained free of candiduria throughout the study period while 4 required a new treatment course. Three patients had positive genomic tests for systemic candidiasis and were treated with fluconazole. Eighteen (64 percent) out of the 28 patients who were free of candiduria on enrolment, developed a urinary candida infection during the 6-month follow-up and all cases were successfully treated with K-712. Seven (38 percent) of these cases presented a further recurrence at a later stage and all responded to a new course of K-172. No positive genomic tests were observed during the follow-up period. These data suggest that a consistent part of patients, mostly with gastrointestinal malignancies develop urinary candida infection when following chemotherapy treatment. A therapeutic approach with a natural antifungal phytocompound seems a safe and effective measure and a tentative prophylactic approach might also be envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Marotta
- Immunology Research Institute and Clinic, Nagoya, Japan.
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Shelton AM, Gujar GT, Chen M, Rauf A, Srinivasan R, Kalia V, Mittal A, Kumari A, Ramesh K, Borkakatti R, Zhao JZ, Endersby N, Russell D, Wu YD, Uijtewaal B. Assessing the susceptibility of cruciferous Lepidoptera to Cry1Ba2 and Cry1Ca4 for future transgenic cruciferous vegetables. J Econ Entomol 2009; 102:2217-2223. [PMID: 20069851 DOI: 10.1603/029.102.0626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Advances in transgenic plants expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticidal gene(s) offer a promising alternative to traditional insecticides for control of lepidopteran pests on important cruciferous vegetable crops such as cabbage and cauliflower. A public-private partnership, the Collaboration on Insect Management for Brassicas in Asia and Africa (CIMBAA), was formed in 2005 with the goal of developing dual-gene Bt cauliflower and cabbage, initially for India, to replace the use of broad spectrum, traditional insecticides. As a first step in this effort, the major lepidopteran pests of cruciferous vegetable crops [Plutella xylostella (L.), Pieris rapae (L.), Pieris brassicae (L.), Crocidolomia binotalis (L.), Hellula undalis (F.), Diacrisia obliqua Walker, Spodoptera litura F., and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)] were collected over a large geographic area (India, Indonesia, Taiwan, China, Australia, and the United States) and tested against purified Cry1Ba2 and Cry1Ca4 toxins, the toxins proposed to be expressed in the CIMBAA plants. Our results demonstrate that Cry1Ba2 and Cry1Ca4 were effective against the primary target of the CIMBAA plants, P. xylostella, regardless of geographic location, and had LC50 values <1.3 ppm. Furthermore, one or both toxins were effective against the other major pest Lepidoptera, except for S. litura or H. armigera which were less susceptible. No cross-resistance has been found between Cry1Ba2 and Cry1Ca4, suggesting cry1Ba2+cry1Ca4 cauliflower and cabbage could be an effective and sustainable tool to control, P. xylostella, the key lepidopteran pest on cruciferous vegetable crops, as well as most other Lepidoptera. As the CIMBAA plants are being developed, further tests are needed to determine whether they will express these proteins at sufficient levels to control all the Lepidoptera. Sustainable use of the dual-gene plants also is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Shelton
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University/NYSAES, Geneva, NY 14456, USA.
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Gordon-Thomson C, Kumari A, Tomkins L, Holford P, Djordjevic JT, Wright LC, Sorrell TC, Moore GPM. Chitotriosidase and gene therapy for fungal infections. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:1116-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-8765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Gujar GT, Kalia V, Kumari A, Singh BP, Mittal A, Nair R, Mohan M. Helicoverpa armigera baseline susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry toxins and resistance management for Bt cotton in India. J Invertebr Pathol 2007; 95:214-9. [PMID: 17475275 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2007.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2007] [Accepted: 03/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Transgenic cotton that produces insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), often referred to as Bt cotton, is widely grown in many countries. Bt cotton with a single cry1A gene and stacked also with cry2A gene has provided satisfactory protection against the damage by the lepidopteran bollworms, especially the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) which is considered as a key pest. The baseline susceptibility of the larvae of H. armigera to Cry1Ac and other toxins carried out in many countries has provided a basis for monitoring resistance. There is no evidence of development of field-level resistance in H. armigera leading to the failure of Bt cotton crop anywhere in the world, despite the fact that Bt cotton was grown on the largest ever area of 12.1 million hectares in 2006 and its cumulative cultivation over the last 11 years has surpassed the annual cotton area in the world. Nevertheless, the Bt resistance management has become a necessity to sustain Bt cotton and other transgenic crops in view of potential of the target insects to evolve Cry toxin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Gujar
- Division of Entomology Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
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Gujar GT, Kalia V, Kumari A. Effect of sublethal concentration of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki on food and developmental needs of the american bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). Indian J Exp Biol 2001; 39:1130-5. [PMID: 11906106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Effect of sublethal concentration of B. thuringiensis on the first, third, fourth and fifth instar larvae of the American bollworm, H. armigera was investigated to study their response to food consumption, digestion, utilization, and their development till adult formation. The young larvae surviving B. thuringiensis treatment in their first instar and third instar delayed larval period by two to three days, but did not consume more food as compared to control. However, they showed higher digestibility of food as compared to control, which was compensated by their reduced ability to utilize the digested food for body substance. Contrary to the effect on first and third instar larvae, the fifth instar larvae surviving B. thuringiensis treatment in its fourth instar consumed less food, showed less absorption efficiency in digesting food, but compensated by increase in the utilization of ingested and digested food into body substance. Insects surviving B. thuringiensis HD-1 sublethal toxicity adapted to normal larval growth when fed on untreated food, depending upon insect growth prior to treatment. The moths emerging from B.thuringiensis treated larvae had sex ratio favouring females, and adult pairs laid less fertile eggs than those from the untreated ones. The response of B. thuringiensis treated larvae to their food and developmental needs is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Gujar
- Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi.
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Kumari A, Kumar U, Agarwal HC. Inhibitory effect of 1-benzyl-5[(C)-2,6-dimethyl-1,5-heptadienyl] imidazole (KK-42) on desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria forsk. Indian J Exp Biol 2001; 39:811-3. [PMID: 12018586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Imidazole compound KK-42 was tested for its inhibitory effect on Schistocerca gregaria. The compound caused 80% mortality after 19 days of treatment with 100 microg of KK-42/insect. It also caused the production of deformed adults at even lower doses. Ecdysteroid content, when estimated by RIA, declined due to KK-42 treatment in both haemolymph and ovaries of the insect. Reduction in ecdysteroid titer was maximum at 100 microg of KK-42/insect. The value estimated by RIA was 0.34 ng/pL haemolymph as compared to 0.97 ng/microL in case of controls. Similarly,ecdysteroid content of ovaries detected was 0.48 ng/mg in treated ones as compared to 0.61 ng/mg in controls. Histological studies, however, revealed no alteration in the ovarian tissues due to KK-42 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kumari
- Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, India
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Abstract
Ensuring safe pregnancy and motherhood occupies a pivotal role and has been considered as one of the key issues in the framework of reproductive and child health programmes. Evidence from research studies indicate that there is a growing tendency for caesarean section deliveries especially during complications confronted at the time of pregnancy and delivery. The present study focuses on the demographic, antenatal care, spatial and socio-economic variables associated with caesarean section delivery in Kerala, India. The data from the National Family Health Survey has been utilised for this purpose. The results from logistic regression models indicate that maternal age, birth order, current age, births in health institutions and spatial differences were significantly associated with caesarean section deliveries in Kerala. The older cohorts of mothers were found at higher risk to have caesarean section when compared to their younger counterparts. When controlled for demographic variables, the odds for caesarean section was about 1.7 times more likely to occur in private health institutions. The inclusion of spatial and socio-economic variables has neither influenced the demographic and antenatal care variables nor showed any significant association with caesarean section delivery in the state. The present study calls for that a detailed investigation on behavioural aspects of both the physician and the patient with regard to type of delivery in the state. Information related to pregnancy and health related aspects needs to be monitored more accurately, both in the public and private hospitals, to understand the determinants associated with caesarean section.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Padmadas
- Population Research Centre, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Kumari A, Singh I, Tandon JP. Fungicidal, bactericidal and antifertility activities of diorganosilicon(IV) complexes derived from benzothiazolines. Appl Organomet Chem 1995. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.590090206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Pillai KR, Kumari A, Augustine J, Amma NS, Nair MK. Cytodiagnosis of primary malignant melanoma of the female urethra--a case report. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 1995; 38:103-8. [PMID: 8919477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K R Pillai
- Regional Cancer Centre and Medical College, India
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Kumari A, Singh I, Tandon JP. STUDIES ON BINUCLEAR COMPLEXES DERIVED FROM SULFUR CONTAINING ORGANIC MOIETIES. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1993. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509308038188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Kumari A, Singh D, Singh RV, Tandon JP. SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOCIDAL EFFECTS OF TRIORGANOLEAD(IV) COMPLEXES DERIVED FROM THIO-LIGANDS. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1993. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509308036885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kumari
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302 004 , India
| | - D. Singh
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302 004 , India
| | - R. V. Singh
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302 004 , India
| | - J. P. Tandon
- a Department of Chemistry , University of Rajasthan , Jaipur , 302 004 , India
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Khar A, Kumari A, Ali A. Characterization of spontaneous immunological regression in histiocytoma .2. Participation of tumor-necrosis-factor. Int J Oncol 1993; 2:399-402. [PMID: 21573568 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2.3.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals which reject a histiocytoma show extensive necrosis of the tumor and produce TNF in an autologus manner without any external stimulation. An excellent correlation between the expression of TNF and the levels of TNF in circulation during tumor regression is demonstrated. TNF purified from the sera of tumor regressing animals is cytotoxic to AK-5 cells in vitro. Anti TNF antibody neutralizes the cytotoxic activity of TNF against AK-5 cells in vitro. Injection of monoclonal antibodies against TNF into tumor bearing animals delays the appearance of necrosis in AK-5 tumors thereby suggesting a direct role for TNF in AK-5 rejection.
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