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Pancheva M, Vásquez A. Close to others - closer to happiness?: An empirical investigation of the social determinants of subjective wellbeing. Intnl J Wellbeing 2022. [DOI: 10.5502/ijw.v12i2.1887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive research on the determinants of people‘s subjective wellbeing has shed light on factors that influence quality of life and that traditional welfare measures tend to neglect. Particularly important among these appear to be the relational, interpersonal aspects of human existence, and both intrinsic and extrinsic benefits of participating in different types of social networks and associative activities. This field of analysis, however, is not devoid of challenges. These include: the wide variety of social proxies adopted in the literature, which has often led to mixed results; and the almost exclusive use of cross-sectional data, which makes it impossible to control for individual unobserved characteristics that could significantly affect both wellbeing levels, and the quality of one’s social and relational context. In this study, we address both of these issues by examining the association between subjective wellbeing, and a rich set of 17 social capital indicators reflecting the following dimensions: personal relationships, social network support, civic engagement, and trust and cooperative norms. Moreover, we use longitudinal data, and control for time-constant sources of heterogeneity among respondents, such as personality traits and predispositions. Our results suggest a consistent relationship between wellbeing and all four dimensions of social capital examined. Furthermore, we find evidence of important gender differences in the way social and relational factors affect overall life satisfaction.
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López-Gálvez F, Randazzo W, Vásquez A, Sánchez G, Decol LT, Aznar R, Gil MI, Allende A. Irrigating Lettuce with Wastewater Effluent: Does Disinfection with Chlorine Dioxide Inactivate Viruses? J Environ Qual 2018; 47:1139-1145. [PMID: 30272803 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2017.12.0485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Reclaimed water obtained from urban wastewater is currently being used as irrigation water in water-scarce regions in Spain. However, wastewater can contain enteric viruses that water reclamation treatment cannot remove or inactivate completely. In the present study, greenhouse-grown baby lettuce ( L.) was irrigated with secondary treatment effluent from a wastewater treatment plant untreated and treated using chlorine dioxide (ClO). The effect of ClO treatment on the physicochemical characteristics and the presence of enteric viruses in irrigation water and lettuce was assessed. The presence of human noroviruses genogroups I and II (NoV GI and NoV GII), and human astroviruses (HAstV), was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Additionally, to check for the loss of infectivity induced by the disinfection treatment, positive samples were re-analyzed after pretreatment with the intercalating dye PMAxx before RNA extraction and RT-qPCR. There were no significant differences in the proportion of positive samples and the concentration of enteric viruses between treated and untreated reclaimed water without PMAxx pretreatment ( > 0.05). A significantly lower concentration of NoV GI was detected in ClO-treated water when samples were pretreated with PMAxx ( < 0.05), indicating that inactivation was due to the disinfection treatment. Laboratory-scale validation tests indicated the suitability of PMAxx-RT-qPCR for discrimination between potentially infectious and ClO-damaged viruses. Although the applied ClO treatment was not able to significantly reduce the enteric virus load of the secondary effluent from the wastewater treatment plant, none of the lettuce samples analyzed ( = 36) was positive for the presence of NoV or HAstV.
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Mårtensson A, Abolhalaj M, Lindstedt M, Mårtensson A, Olofsson TC, Vásquez A, Greiff L, Cervin A. Clinical efficacy of a topical lactic acid bacterial microbiome in chronic rhinosinusitis: A randomized controlled trial. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2017; 2:410-416. [PMID: 29299516 PMCID: PMC5743165 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A locally disturbed commensal microbiome might be an etiological factor in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in general and in CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) in particular. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been suggested to restore commensal microbiomes. A honeybee LAB microbiome consisting of various lactobacilli and bifidobacteria have been found potent against CRS pathogens in vitro. Recently, we examined effects of single nasal administrations of this microbiome in healthy subjects and found it inert. In this study, we examined effects of repeated such administrations in patients with CRSsNP. Study Design The study was of a randomized, double-blinded, crossover, and sham-controlled design. Methods Twenty patients received 2 weeks' treatment administered using a nasal spray-device. The subjects were monitored with regard to symptoms (SNOT-22 questionnaire, i.e., the primary efficacy variable), changes to their microbiome, and inflammatory products (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-, IL-8,a, and MPO) in nasal lavage fluids. Results Neither symptom scores, microbiological explorations, nor levels of inflammatory products in nasal lavage fluids were affected by LAB (c.f. sham). Conclusion Two weeks' nasal administration of a honeybee LAB microbiome to patients with CRSsNP is well tolerated but affects neither symptom severity nor the microbiological flora/local inflammatory activity. Level of Evidence 1b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Mårtensson
- Department of ORLSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
- Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden; the Department of Clinical SciencesSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Milad Abolhalaj
- Department of ImmunotechnologySkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Malin Lindstedt
- Department of ImmunotechnologySkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Anette Mårtensson
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | | | - Alejandra Vásquez
- Department of Laboratory MedicineSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Lennart Greiff
- Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden; the Department of Clinical SciencesSkåne University HospitalLundSweden
- Lund University, Lund, Sweden; the Department of ORL, Head & Neck SurgerySkåne University HospitalLundSweden
| | - Anders Cervin
- Department of ORL, Head & Neck SurgeryRoyal Brisbane & Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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Vásquez A, Domínguez C, Perdomo CF. Spontaneous gastric rupture after Sodium Bicarbonate consumption: A case report. Radiography (Lond) 2017; 23:e62-e64. [PMID: 28687302 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous gastric rupture is a rare condition however a prompt diagnosis and treatment are necessary to decrease mortality and morbidity. We report a case of stomach rupture after the ingestion of Sodium Bicarbonate (SB); imaging findings with a brief review of the literature are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vásquez
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Center for Education and Technology in Radiology (FSFB-CETIR), Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Cr 7 #117-15, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - C Domínguez
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Cr 7 #117-15, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - C F Perdomo
- Department of Surgery, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Cr 7 #117-15, Bogotá, Colombia.
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Olofsson TC, Butler É, Lindholm C, Nilson B, Michanek P, Vásquez A. Fighting Off Wound Pathogens in Horses with Honeybee Lactic Acid Bacteria. Curr Microbiol 2016; 73:463-73. [PMID: 27324340 PMCID: PMC4999459 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-016-1080-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the global perspective of antibiotic resistance, it is urgent to find potent topical antibiotics for the use in human and animal infection. Healing of equine wounds, particularly in the limbs, is difficult due to hydrostatic factors and exposure to environmental contaminants, which can lead to heavy bio-burden/biofilm formation and sometimes to infection. Therefore, antibiotics are often prescribed. Recent studies have shown that honeybee-specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB), involved in honey production, and inhibit human wound pathogens. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the effects on the healing of hard-to-heal equine wounds after treatment with these LAB symbionts viable in a heather honey formulation. For this, we included ten horses with wound duration of >1 year, investigated the wound microbiota, and treated wounds with the novel honeybee LAB formulation. We identified the microbiota using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and DNA sequencing. In addition, the antimicrobial properties of the honeybee LAB formulation were tested against all wound isolates in vitro. Our results indicate a diverse wound microbiota including fifty-three bacterial species that showed 90 % colonization by at least one species of Staphylococcus. Treatment with the formulation promoted wound healing in all cases already after the first application and the wounds were either completely healed (n = 3) in less than 20 days or healing was in progress. Furthermore, the honeybee LAB formulation inhibited all pathogens when tested in vitro. Consequently, this new treatment option presents as a powerful candidate for the topical treatment of hard-to-heal wounds in horses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Éile Butler
- Laboratory Medicine, Lunds Universitet, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Bo Nilson
- Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Microbiology, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 23, 22362, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Michanek
- Animal Farm Veterinary Consultants, Degebergavägen, 27568, Vollsjö, Sweden
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Piccart K, Vásquez A, Piepers S, De Vliegher S, Olofsson TC. Short communication: Lactic acid bacteria from the honeybee inhibit the in vitro growth of mastitis pathogens. J Dairy Sci 2016; 99:2940-2944. [PMID: 26830735 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Despite the increasing knowledge of prevention and control strategies, bovine mastitis remains one of the most challenging diseases in the dairy industry. This study investigated the antimicrobial activity of 13 species of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), previously isolated from the honey crop of the honeybee, on several mastitis pathogens. The viable LAB were first reintroduced into a sterilized heather honey matrix. More than 20 different bovine mastitis isolates were tested against the mixture of the 13 LAB species in the honey medium using a dual-culture overlay assay. The mastitis isolates were identified through bacteriological culturing, followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Additionally, the mastitis isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing through disk diffusion. Growth of all tested mastitis pathogens, including the ones displaying antimicrobial resistance to one or more antimicrobial compounds, were inhibited to some extent by the honey and LAB combination. The antibacterial effect of these LAB opens up new perspectives on alternative treatment and prevention of bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Piccart
- M-team & Mastitis and Milk Quality Research Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - A Vásquez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Building 404, Medicon Village, SE-223 81 Lund, Sweden
| | - S Piepers
- M-team & Mastitis and Milk Quality Research Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - S De Vliegher
- M-team & Mastitis and Milk Quality Research Unit, Department of Reproduction, Obstetrics and Herd Health Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - T C Olofsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Building 404, Medicon Village, SE-223 81 Lund, Sweden
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Dinamarca-Montecinos JL, Améstica-Lazcano G, Rubio-Herrera R, Carrasco-Buvinic A, Vásquez A. Características epidemiológicas y clínicas de las fracturas de cadera en adultos mayores en un hospital público chileno: Experience in 647 Chilean patients aged 60 years or more. Rev Med Chil 2015; 143:1552-9. [DOI: 10.4067/s0034-98872015001200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tamarit D, Ellegaard KM, Wikander J, Olofsson T, Vásquez A, Andersson SGE. Functionally Structured Genomes in Lactobacillus kunkeei Colonizing the Honey Crop and Food Products of Honeybees and Stingless Bees. Genome Biol Evol 2015; 7:1455-73. [PMID: 25953738 PMCID: PMC4494060 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evv079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus kunkeei is the most abundant bacterial species in the honey crop and food products of honeybees. The 16 S rRNA genes of strains isolated from different bee species are nearly identical in sequence and therefore inadequate as markers for studies of coevolutionary patterns. Here, we have compared the 1.5 Mb genomes of ten L. kunkeei strains isolated from all recognized Apis species and another two strains from Meliponini species. A gene flux analysis, including previously sequenced Lactobacillus species as outgroups, indicated the influence of reductive evolution. The genome architecture is unique in that vertically inherited core genes are located near the terminus of replication, whereas genes for secreted proteins and putative host-adaptive traits are located near the origin of replication. We suggest that these features have resulted from a genome-wide loss of genes, with integrations of novel genes mostly occurring in regions flanking the origin of replication. The phylogenetic analyses showed that the bacterial topology was incongruent with the host topology, and that strains of the same microcluster have recombined frequently across the host species barriers, arguing against codiversification. Multiple genotypes were recovered in the individual hosts and transfers of mobile elements could be demonstrated for strains isolated from the same host species. Unlike other bacteria with small genomes, short generation times and multiple rRNA operons suggest that L. kunkeei evolves under selection for rapid growth in its natural growth habitat. The results provide an extended framework for reductive genome evolution and functional genome organization in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Tamarit
- Department of Molecular Evolution, Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Kirsten M Ellegaard
- Department of Molecular Evolution, Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Johan Wikander
- Department of Molecular Evolution, Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Tobias Olofsson
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Alejandra Vásquez
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Siv G E Andersson
- Department of Molecular Evolution, Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden
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Ellegaard KM, Tamarit D, Javelind E, Olofsson TC, Andersson SGE, Vásquez A. Extensive intra-phylotype diversity in lactobacilli and bifidobacteria from the honeybee gut. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:284. [PMID: 25880915 PMCID: PMC4449606 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In the honeybee Apis mellifera, the bacterial gut community is consistently colonized by eight distinct phylotypes of bacteria. Managed bee colonies are of considerable economic interest and it is therefore important to elucidate the diversity and role of this microbiota in the honeybee. In this study, we have sequenced the genomes of eleven strains of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria isolated from the honey crop of the honeybee A. mellifera. Results Single gene phylogenies confirmed that the isolated strains represent the diversity of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the gut, as previously identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Core genome phylogenies of the lactobacilli and bifidobacteria further indicated extensive divergence between strains classified as the same phylotype. Phylotype-specific protein families included unique surface proteins. Within phylotypes, we found a remarkably high level of gene content diversity. Carbohydrate metabolism and transport functions contributed up to 45% of the accessory genes, with some genomes having a higher content of genes encoding phosphotransferase systems for the uptake of carbohydrates than any previously sequenced genome. These genes were often located in highly variable genomic segments that also contained genes for enzymes involved in the degradation and modification of sugar residues. Strain-specific gene clusters for the biosynthesis of exopolysaccharides were identified in two phylotypes. The dynamics of these segments contrasted with low recombination frequencies and conserved gene order structures for the core genes. Hits for CRISPR spacers were almost exclusively found within phylotypes, suggesting that the phylotypes are associated with distinct phage populations. Conclusions The honeybee gut microbiota has been described as consisting of a modest number of phylotypes; however, the genomes sequenced in the current study demonstrated a very high level of gene content diversity within all three described phylotypes of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, particularly in terms of metabolic functions and surface structures, where many features were strain-specific. Together, these results indicate niche differentiation within phylotypes, suggesting that the honeybee gut microbiota is more complex than previously thought. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1476-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M Ellegaard
- Department of Molecular Evolution, Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Daniel Tamarit
- Department of Molecular Evolution, Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Emelie Javelind
- Department of Molecular Evolution, Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Tobias C Olofsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Siv G E Andersson
- Department of Molecular Evolution, Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Alejandra Vásquez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden.
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Bustos P, Amigo H, Vásquez A, Vargas C. [Evolution of the metabolic syndrome and its components in a follow up of 10 years in adults from Valparaíso region]. Rev Med Chil 2014; 142:579-86. [PMID: 25427014 DOI: 10.4067/s0034-98872014000500005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Its frequency is increasing steadily Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components in a 10-year tracking study of young adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS Concurrent cohort study of subjects born between 1974 and 1978. They were evaluated between 2000 and 2002 and between 2010 and 2012 to determine the frequency of MS and its components (high blood glucose, waist circumference [WC], triglycerides, blood pressure and low HDL cholesterol), according to ATP III criteria. Attrition was handled using the reciprocal of the probability of remaining in the study. RESULT During the first evaluation, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 9.3%, confidence interval (CI): 7.5-11.1), with no gender differences. Ten years later, the prevalence of MS increased significantly to 27.6% (CI: 24.7-29.9) and was more common in women than men (30.4 and 23.8% respectively, p < 0.014). The components of MS also increased from one period to another: hyperglycemia, from 5.2% (CI: 4-7) to 24.4% (CI: 22-27); high triglyceride levels from 17.6% (CI: 15-20) to 35.3% (CI: 32-38); high blood pressure from 14.7 (CI: 13-18) to 30.2% (IC: 28-33) and high WC: 16.9% (CI: 15-19) to 41.5% (CI: 39-45). In both evaluations, there was a greater frequency of high triglycerides and high blood pressure among men, and greater frequency of low HDL and high WC among women. Hyperglycemia only showed differences by gender in the second measurement, and was greater among men. CONCLUSIONS There was a marked increase in metabolic syndrome and its components in a 10-year interval, which is a warning sign of future cardiovascular risk.
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Olofsson TC, Butler È, Markowicz P, Lindholm C, Larsson L, Vásquez A. Lactic acid bacterial symbionts in honeybees - an unknown key to honey's antimicrobial and therapeutic activities. Int Wound J 2014; 13:668-79. [PMID: 25195876 PMCID: PMC7949542 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Could honeybees' most valuable contribution to mankind besides pollination services be alternative tools against infections? Today, due to the emerging antibiotic-resistant pathogens, we are facing a new era of searching for alternative tools against infections. Natural products such as honey have been applied against human's infections for millennia without sufficient scientific evidence. A unique lactic acid bacterial (LAB) microbiota was discovered by us, which is in symbiosis with honeybees and present in large amounts in fresh honey across the world. This work investigates if the LAB symbionts are the source to the unknown factors contributing to honey's properties. Hence, we tested the LAB against severe wound pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) among others. We demonstrate a strong antimicrobial activity from each symbiont and a synergistic effect, which counteracted all the tested pathogens. The mechanisms of action are partly shown by elucidating the production of active compounds such as proteins, fatty acids, anaesthetics, organic acids, volatiles and hydrogen peroxide. We show that the symbionts produce a myriad of active compounds that remain in variable amounts in mature honey. Further studies are now required to investigate if these symbionts have a potential in clinical applications as alternative tools against topical human and animal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias C Olofsson
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Èile Butler
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Pawel Markowicz
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Lennart Larsson
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alejandra Vásquez
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Butler É, Oien RF, Lindholm C, Olofsson TC, Nilson B, Vásquez A. A pilot study investigating lactic acid bacterial symbionts from the honeybee in inhibiting human chronic wound pathogens. Int Wound J 2014; 13:729-37. [PMID: 25196349 DOI: 10.1111/iwj.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment and management of chronic wounds is a large burden on the health sector and causes substantial suffering for the patients. We believe that 13 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) symbionts isolated from the honey crop of the honeybee are important players in the antimicrobial action of honey, by producing antimicrobial substances and can be used in combination with heather honey as an effective treatment in wound management. A total of 22 patients with chronic ulcers were included; culture-dependent and molecular-based (MALDI-MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing) techniques were used to identify bacteria from chronic wounds. These clinical isolates were used for in vitro antimicrobial testing with standardised viable LAB and sterilised heather honey mixture. Twenty of the patients' wounds were polymicrobial and 42 different species were isolated. Patient isolates that were tested in vitro were inhibited by the LAB and honey combination with inhibitory zones comparable with different antibiotics. LAB and heather honey in combination presents a new topical option in chronic wound management because of the healing properties of honey, antimicrobial metabolite production from the LAB and their bactericidal effect on common chronic wound pathogens. This new treatment may be a stepping stone towards an alternative solution to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éile Butler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Rut F Oien
- Blekinge Wound Healing Centre, Blekinge Hospital, Karlshamn, Sweden
| | | | - Tobias C Olofsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bo Nilson
- Labmedicin, Region Skåne, Clinical Microbiology, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alejandra Vásquez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Section of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Olofsson TC, Alsterfjord M, Nilson B, Butler È, Vásquez A. Lactobacillus apinorum sp. nov., Lactobacillus mellifer sp. nov., Lactobacillus mellis sp. nov., Lactobacillus melliventris sp. nov., Lactobacillus kimbladii sp. nov., Lactobacillus helsingborgensis sp. nov. and Lactobacillus kullabergensis sp. nov., isolated from the honey stomach of the honeybee Apis mellifera. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2014; 64:3109-3119. [PMID: 24944337 PMCID: PMC4156108 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.059600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously discovered a symbiotic lactic acid bacterial (LAB) microbiota in the honey stomach of the honeybee Apis mellifera. The microbiota was composed of several phylotypes of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses and phenotypic and genetic characteristics revealed that the phylotypes isolated represent seven novel species. One grouped with Lactobacillus kunkeei and the others belong to the Lactobacillus buchneri and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subgroups of Lactobacillus. We propose the names Lactobacillus apinorum sp. nov., Lactobacillus mellifer sp. nov., Lactobacillus mellis sp. nov., Lactobacillus melliventris sp. nov., Lactobacillus kimbladii sp. nov., Lactobacillus helsingborgensis sp. nov. and Lactobacillus kullabergensis sp. nov. for these novel species, with the respective type strains being Fhon13N(T) ( = DSM 26257(T) = CCUG 63287(T)), Bin4N(T) ( = DSM 26254(T) = CCUG 63291(T)), Hon2N(T) ( = DSM 26255(T) = CCUG 63289(T)), Hma8N(T) ( = DSM 26256(T) = CCUG 63629(T)), Hma2N(T) ( = DSM 26263(T) = CCUG 63633(T)), Bma5N(T) ( = DSM 26265(T) = CCUG 63301(T)) and Biut2N(T) ( = DSM 26262(T) = CCUG 63631(T)).
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Butler È, Alsterfjord M, Olofsson TC, Karlsson C, Malmström J, Vásquez A. Proteins of novel lactic acid bacteria from Apis mellifera mellifera: an insight into the production of known extra-cellular proteins during microbial stress. BMC Microbiol 2013; 13:235. [PMID: 24148670 PMCID: PMC4015849 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-13-235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been considered a beneficial bacterial group, found as part of the microbiota of diverse hosts, including humans and various animals. However, the mechanisms of how hosts and LAB interact are still poorly understood. Previous work demonstrates that 13 species of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium from the honey crop in bees function symbiotically with the honeybee. They protect each other, their hosts, and the surrounding environment against severe bee pathogens, bacteria, and yeasts. Therefore, we hypothesized that these LAB under stress, i.e. in their natural niche in the honey crop, are likely to produce bioactive substances with antimicrobial activity. RESULTS The genomic analysis of the LAB demonstrated varying genome sizes ranging from 1.5 to 2.2 mega-base pairs (Mbps) which points out a clear difference within the protein gene content, as well as specialized functions in the honeybee microbiota and their adaptation to their host. We demonstrate a clear variation between the secreted proteins of the symbiotic LAB when subjected to microbial stressors. We have identified that 10 of the 13 LAB produced extra-cellular proteins of known or unknown function in which some are arranged in interesting putative operons that may be involved in antimicrobial action, host interaction, or biofilm formation. The most common known extra-cellular proteins secreted were enzymes, DNA chaperones, S-layer proteins, bacteriocins, and lysozymes. A new bacteriocin may have been identified in one of the LAB symbionts while many proteins with unknown functions were produced which must be investigated further. CONCLUSIONS The 13 LAB symbionts likely play different roles in their natural environment defending their niche and their host and participating in the honeybee's food production. These roles are partly played through producing extracellular proteins on exposure to microbial stressors widely found in natural occurring flowers. Many of these secreted proteins may have a putative antimicrobial function. In the future, understanding these processes in this complicated environment may lead to novel applications of honey crop LAB proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Èile Butler
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sölvegatan 23, Lund SE-223 62, Sweden
| | - Magnus Alsterfjord
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sölvegatan 23, Lund SE-223 62, Sweden
| | - Tobias C Olofsson
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sölvegatan 23, Lund SE-223 62, Sweden
| | - Christofer Karlsson
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University BMC D13, Lund SE-221 84, Sweden
- Division of Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC, B14, Lund 221 84, Sweden
| | - Johan Malmström
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University BMC D13, Lund SE-221 84, Sweden
| | - Alejandra Vásquez
- Medical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Sölvegatan 23, Lund SE-223 62, Sweden
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Vásquez A, Forsgren E, Fries I, Paxton RJ, Flaberg E, Szekely L, Olofsson TC. Symbionts as major modulators of insect health: lactic acid bacteria and honeybees. PLoS One 2012; 7:e33188. [PMID: 22427985 PMCID: PMC3299755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0033188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are well recognized beneficial host-associated members of the microbiota of humans and animals. Yet LAB-associations of invertebrates have been poorly characterized and their functions remain obscure. Here we show that honeybees possess an abundant, diverse and ancient LAB microbiota in their honey crop with beneficial effects for bee health, defending them against microbial threats. Our studies of LAB in all extant honeybee species plus related apid bees reveal one of the largest collections of novel species from the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium ever discovered within a single insect and suggest a long (>80 mya) history of association. Bee associated microbiotas highlight Lactobacillus kunkeei as the dominant LAB member. Those showing potent antimicrobial properties are acquired by callow honey bee workers from nestmates and maintained within the crop in biofilms, though beekeeping management practices can negatively impact this microbiota. Prophylactic practices that enhance LAB, or supplementary feeding of LAB, may serve in integrated approaches to sustainable pollinator service provision. We anticipate this microbiota will become central to studies on honeybee health, including colony collapse disorder, and act as an exemplar case of insect-microbe symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Vásquez
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Forsgren
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ingemar Fries
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert J. Paxton
- School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
- Institute for Biology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Emilie Flaberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laszlo Szekely
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tobias C. Olofsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Vásquez A, Ahrné S, Jeppsson B, Molin G. Oral administration ofLactobacillusandBifidobacteriumstrains of intestinal and vaginal origin to healthy human females: Re-isolation from faeces and vagina. Microbial Ecology in Health and Disease 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/08910600510031376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Vásquez
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Division of Food Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Siv Ahrné
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Division of Food Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Bengt Jeppsson
- Department of Surgery, Lund University, Malmö University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Göran Molin
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Division of Food Technology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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17
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Vásquez A, Molin G, Pettersson B, Antonsson M, Ahrné S. DNA-based classification and sequence heterogeneities in the 16S rRNA genes of Lactobacillus casei/paracasei and related species. Syst Appl Microbiol 2005; 28:430-41. [PMID: 16094870 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2005.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The sequence differences within the 16S rRNA genes of Lactobacillus casei/paracasei and related species, Lactobacillus zeae and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, were investigated. Thirty-seven strains of mostly human or cheese origin were grouped by restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) of the total chromosomal DNA and by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene fragments. REA verified that all strains were genomically unique and singled out three major clusters, one L. rhamnosus-cluster and two clusters containing L. paracasei strains. The groups obtained by TTGE corresponded with one exception to the REA-clusters. In the TTGE clustering all L. paracasei strains formed one general group with one TTGE-band in common, and this group was sub-divided into five subgroups due to the presence of more than one TTGE-band in four of the subgroups. The occurrence of multiple TTGE-bands was investigated by amplifying and cloning of the 16S rRNA genes from the strains showing this phenomenon, thereby 12 clones from each strain were sequenced, demonstrating polymorphisms in almost all the cases. Subjecting the clones displaying sequence variations to TTGE as well as sequencing of 16S rDNA revealed by ribotyping of the strains, verified the presence of polymorphisms within the 16S rRNA genes. The migration characteristic of amplified DNA from a single clone corresponded to a specific band in the TTGE-pattern of the strain from which the clone originated. Southern blot hybridisation with a 16S rDNA probe demonstrated the presence of at least five 16S rRNA genes in L. casei/paracasei. A higher degree of variable positions than previously reported was observed in the 16S rRNA gene fragments of the members in the complex. Sequence comparison between the 16S rRNA gene copies of L. casei (CCUG 21451T) and L. zeae (CCUG 35515T) demonstrated that the two species shared almost the same sequence in some copies while the others were more different. Our results provide one explanation for the difficulties in reaching clear-cut taxa within the L. casei/paracasei complex.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- DNA, Bacterial/analysis
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/analysis
- Electrophoresis, Agar Gel/methods
- Genes, rRNA
- Genetic Variation
- Humans
- Lactobacillus/classification
- Lactobacillus/genetics
- Lacticaseibacillus casei/classification
- Lacticaseibacillus casei/genetics
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
- Prohibitins
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Restriction Mapping
- Ribotyping
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Vásquez
- Division of Food Technology/Lab of Food Hygiene, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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18
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Moreno de Santa Cruz R, Alvarez Pérez XA, Ariza Lopez LF, Daza Campos LJ, Jimenez Castillo DY, Rincón Pardo NM, Sepúlveda González AC, Vásquez A. Modelo educativo para el personal de enfermería: Diseño y aplicación. Repert Med Cir 2005. [DOI: 10.31260/repertmedcir.v14.n3.2005.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Este estudio se realizó con el objetivo de estandarizar la práctica educativa del personal de enfermería del pabellón Fundadores A del Hospital de San José de Bogotá con el paciente, acerca del cuidado en casa con la herida quirúrgica a través del diseño e implementación de un modelo educativo. El diseño metodológico utilizado fue investigación-acción, el cual permite la interrelación de apoyo y asesoría con la población del estudio, así como la generación de nuevos conocimientos al investigador y a los grupos participantes. Este fue un proceso dirigido por etapas. Primero se sensibilizó al personal de enfermería del pabellón Fundadores A, donde conocieron la importancia y la necesidad de implementar el modelo educativo. Con la participación del personal del estudio y del grupo investigador se diseñó el modelo, para seguir con el segundo paso del proceso que abrió el camino a la aplicación y evaluación del mismo. La aplicación del diseño fue considerada por el personal como una herramienta de trabajo que unifica conocimientos y actividades designadas. El resultado evidencia que el grupo no solo recibió los conocimientos del modelo sino que lo convirtieron en parte de su práctica diaria. En conclusión, el modelo educativo mejoró la práctica educativa del personal de enfermería con el paciente de cirugía, sobre los cuidados en casa con la herida quirúrgica. Esto se incluirá en el esquema de calidad que destaca a la institución.
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19
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Vásquez A, Ahrné S, Jeppsson B, Molin G. Oral administration of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains of intestinal and vaginal origin to healthy human females: Re-isolation from faeces and vagina. Microbial Ecology in Health & Disease 2005. [DOI: 10.3402/mehd.v17i1.7811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Abstract
Species of the Lactobacillus acidophilus complex are generally considered to constitute most of the vaginal Lactobacillus flora, but the flora varies between studies. However, this may be due to difficulties in identifying the closely related species within the L. acidophilus complex by using traditional methods and to variations in the vaginal status of the participants. Two hundred two isolates from the vaginal fluids of 23 Swedish women without bacterial vaginosis, as defined by the criteria of Nugent et al. (R. P. Nugent, M. A. Krohn, and S. L. Hillier, J. Clin. Microbiol. 29:297-301, 1991), were typed by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis and identified to the species level by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis, multiplex PCR, and 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. The vaginal flora of most participants was dominated by a single RAPD type, but five of them harbored two RAPD types representing two different species or strains. The most frequently occurring species were Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus gasseri, Lactobacillus iners, and Lactobacillus jensenii. L. iners has not previously been reported as one of the predominant Lactobacillus species in the vagina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Vásquez
- Laboratory of Food Hygiene, Division of Food Technology, Lund University, Sweden
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21
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Vásquez A, Ahrné S, Pettersson B, Molin G. Temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) as a tool for identification of Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus zeae and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Lett Appl Microbiol 2001; 32:215-9. [PMID: 11298928 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2001.00901.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To develop a tool for rapid and inexpensive identification of the Lactobacillus casei complex. METHODS AND RESULTS Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus zeae and Lactobacillus rhamnosus were identified by PCR-amplification of the segment between the U1 and U2 regions of 16S rDNA (position 8-357, Escherichia coli numbering) and temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE). Seven tested Lact. paracasei strains were divided into three TTGE-subgroups. CONCLUSION TTGE successfully distinguished between the closely-related target species. TTGE is also a powerful method for revealing sequence heterogeneities in the 16S rRNA genes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Due to rapid and easy performance, TTGE of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA fragments will be useful for the identification of extended numbers of isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vásquez
- Laboratory of Food Hygiene, Division of Food Technology, Lund University, Sweden
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22
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Vásquez A, Rodríguez MA. [Hemorrhagic syndrome caused by exposure to a rodenticide. Report of a case]. Rev Med Chil 2000; 128:647-9. [PMID: 11016065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
We report a 22 years old male, admitted to the emergency room due to a life threatening coagulation disorder, with prothrombin times fluctuation between 5 and 37% and very low activity of factors II, VII, IX and X. In the month prior to the admission, the patient had used the rodenticide difethialone, without any precaution to avoid accidental exposure. The patient was maintained with fresh frozen plasma until oral vitamin K1 was obtained. This medication corrected the coagulation disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vásquez
- Sección Hematología, Hospital Naval Viña del Mar, Chile
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23
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Gutiérrez J, Bronfman L, Cao C, Vásquez A, Derio L, Rosas J, del Castillo C, Yáñez M, Fodor M, Gallardo J, Cerda B, Torres R, Orlandi L, Orlandi F, Kleinman S, Vogel C. [Tropisetron for the prevention of nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy: multicenter clinical study]. Rev Med Chil 1996; 124:967-74. [PMID: 9196997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The antiemetic effect of tropisetron was studied in 97 cancer patients (67 men, 30 women) receiving cisplatin in doses of 75 mg/m2 or higher. On 279 chemotherapy cycles studied (max 6 per patient) 5 mg of tropisetron was administered once a day i.v on day 1 and p.o. on days 2 to 6. Efficacy preventing vomiting and nausea was measured in 24 hour period as: complete control O episodes, major control 1 to 2 episodes, minor control 3 to 4 episodes and no control 5 or more episodes. Satisfactory vomiting control (complete and major) was 69%, 63%, 82%, 88%, 96% and 96% in days 1 to 6 of cycle 1. Satisfactory nausea control (complete and major) for the same days was 70%, 66%, 72%, 85%, 92% and 97%. Similar data was obtained for the subsequent cycles. Complete vomiting control was obtained in 47%, 35%, 56%, 72%, 81% and 84% and for nausea in 42%, 39%, 48%, 64%, 81% and 87%. 19 patients presented adverse effects (19.6%). Only 2 headache episodes had a definite relation with the antiemetic drug. 12 patients discontinued the medication; 6 due to drug inefficacy, 2 to illness unrelated to the drug, 1 to lack of collaboration, and 3 due to other reasons. We conclude that tropisetron allows satisfactory control of acute and delayed vomiting in a high percentage of patients treated with high doses of cisplatin. The drug does not have significant secondary effects. Tropisetron administration in only one daily dose implies an evident advantage and a treatment cost reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gutiérrez
- Hospital San Juan de Dios, Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile
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24
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Guiraldes E, Triviño X, Figueroa G, Parker M, Gutiérrez C, Vásquez A, Harún A. Comparison of an oral rice-based electrolyte solution and a glucose-based electrolyte solution in hospitalized infants with diarrheal dehydration. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1995; 20:417-24. [PMID: 7636684 DOI: 10.1097/00005176-199505000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
This randomized trial compared the efficacy of a rice-based (50 g/L) oral rehydration solution with the standard glucose-based WHO/UNICEF solution in the treatment of 100 hospitalized infants, ages 3-18 months, with acute dehydrating diarrhea. The main outcomes examined were stool output and duration of diarrhea. Patients were placed on a "metabolic" bed so that intake and losses could be measured accurately throughout the study. Overall, 89% of patients were successfully rehydrated orally; the rehydration failure rate was similar in the two groups and it was significantly associated with infection by specific E. coli serotypes. Stool output in the first 24 h was 11% lower in the rice group (112 versus 126 ml/kg), but this difference was not significant. Neither stool output in the second 24 h nor total stool output were different between groups. The median duration of diarrhea was 3.8 days in the rice group and 3.9 days in the glucose group (p = NS). Other (secondary) outcomes, such as fluid intake, urine output, emesis losses, weight change, and electrolyte balance were also similar between the two groups. Some evidence of carbohydrate malabsorption was detected in 61% of the rice group versus 45% of the glucose group (p = NS) and was not associated with any particular treatment outcome. These results show that a rice-based oral rehydration solution is as efficacious as, but not better than the standard glucose-based solution in the treatment of infants with acute dehydrating diarrhea not associated with cholera.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Guiraldes
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago
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25
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Cartier L, Vergara C, Ramírez E, Casivar T, Vásquez A. [Seroprevalence of HTLV-I in relatives of patients with spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP and PEP)]. Rev Med Chil 1995; 123:7-11. [PMID: 7569448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The seroprevalence of HTLV-1 was studied in parents, brothers, siblings and sexual partners of 147 patients with spastic paraparesis associated to HTLV-1 (HAM/TSP) and 84 patients with HTLV-1 negative spastic paraparesis (SP). Seroprevalence was 29.1% for HAM/SP and 0% for SP relatives (p < 0.001); the last figure is similar to that of the general population. Seroprevalence in sexual partners was 65%, suggesting that sexual intercourse is the principal route of transmission. Likewise, seroprevalence in siblings of mothers with HAM/TSP or HTLV-1 positive was 17.6%, suggesting a high maternal transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Cartier
- Departamento de Ciencias Neurológicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile
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26
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Vásquez A, Ramos JM, Pacho E, Rodriguez-Perez A, Cuenca-Estrella M, Esteban J. Cutaneous listeriosis in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 19:988-9. [PMID: 7893907 DOI: 10.1093/clinids/19.5.988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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27
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Mendoza I, Van-Der Heiden K, Valdez C, Vásquez A, de Portocarrero L, Gamero H, Quan J, Solomons N. [The factors potentially conditioning the food habits of older Guatemalans from a suburban area]. Arch Latinoam Nutr 1992; 42:87S-91S. [PMID: 1344634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I Mendoza
- Centro de Estudios en Sensoriopatías, Senectud, Impedimentos y Alteraciones Metabólicas, CESSIAM, Guatemala
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Milei J, Buceta JE, Storino RA, Vásquez A, Mann J. Relationship of symptoms to cardiac arrhythmias during 24 hours continuous ambulatory electrocardiography. Arq Bras Cardiol 1987; 49:25-9. [PMID: 3450255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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29
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Harún A, Vásquez A, Careaga J, Latorre JJ. [Necrotizing enterocolitis]. Rev Chil Pediatr 1977; 48:69-75. [PMID: 616941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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30
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Téllez R, Navarrete R, Vásquez A, Díes F, Peña JC. The effect of triflocin, a new diuretic drug, on the renal concentrating mechanism. Rev Invest Clin 1972; 24:373-88. [PMID: 4658743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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31
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Peña JC, Lennhoff M, Vásquez A. [Changes in proximal and distal tubular sodium reabsorption in the volume depleted and expanded dog nephron]. Rev Invest Clin 1971; 23:261-83. [PMID: 5141771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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