1
|
Vahedi F, Javan B, Sharbatkhari M, Soltani A, Shafiee M, Memarian A, Erfani-Moghadam V. Synergistic anticancer effects of co-delivery of linc-RoR siRNA and curcumin using polyamidoamine dendrimers against breast cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 705:149729. [PMID: 38452515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer resistance to chemotherapy necessitates novel combination therapeutic approaches. Linc-RoR is a long intergenic noncoding RNA that regulates stem cell differentiation and promotes metastasis and invasion in breast cancer. Herein, we report a dual delivery system employing polyamidoamine dendrimers to co-administer the natural compound curcumin and linc-RoR siRNA for breast cancer treatment. Polyamidoamine dendrimers efficiently encapsulated curcumin and formed complexes with linc-RoR siRNA at an optimal N/P ratio. In MCF-7 breast cancer cells, the dendriplexes were effectively internalized and the combination treatment synergistically enhanced cytotoxicity, arresting the cell cycle at the G1 phase and inducing apoptosis. Linc-RoR gene expression was also significantly downregulated. Individual treatments showed lower efficacy, indicating synergism between components. Mechanistic studies are warranted to define the molecular underpinnings of this synergistic interaction. Our findings suggest dual delivery of linc-RoR siRNA and curcumin via dendrimers merits further exploration as a personalized therapeutic approach for overcoming breast cancer resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Vahedi
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Bita Javan
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Soltani
- Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shafiee
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Memarian
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Vahid Erfani-Moghadam
- Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Trepka E, Spitmaan M, Qi XL, Constantinidis C, Soltani A. Training-Dependent Gradients of Timescales of Neural Dynamics in the Primate Prefrontal Cortex and Their Contributions to Working Memory. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2442212023. [PMID: 37973375 PMCID: PMC10866190 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2442-21.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortical neurons exhibit multiple timescales related to dynamics of spontaneous fluctuations (intrinsic timescales) and response to task events (seasonal timescales) in addition to selectivity to task-relevant signals. These timescales increase systematically across the cortical hierarchy, for example, from parietal to prefrontal and cingulate cortex, pointing to their role in cortical computations. It is currently unknown whether these timescales are inherent properties of neurons and/or depend on training in a specific task and if the latter, how their modulations contribute to task performance. To address these questions, we analyzed single-cell recordings within five subregions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of male macaques before and after training on a working-memory task. We found fine-grained but opposite gradients of intrinsic and seasonal timescales that mainly appeared after training. Intrinsic timescales decreased whereas seasonal timescales increased from posterior to anterior subregions within both dorsal and ventral PFC. Moreover, training was accompanied by increases in proportions of neurons that exhibited intrinsic and seasonal timescales. These effects were comparable to the emergence of response selectivity due to training. Finally, task selectivity accompanied opposite neural dynamics such that neurons with task-relevant selectivity exhibited longer intrinsic and shorter seasonal timescales. Notably, neurons with longer intrinsic and shorter seasonal timescales exhibited superior population-level coding, but these advantages extended to the delay period mainly after training. Together, our results provide evidence for plastic, fine-grained gradients of timescales within PFC that can influence both single-cell and population coding, pointing to the importance of these timescales in understanding cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Trepka
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover 03755, New Hampshire
- Neurosciences Program, Stanford University, Stanford 94305, California
| | - Mehran Spitmaan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover 03755, New Hampshire
| | - Xue-Lian Qi
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem 27157, North Carolina
| | | | - Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover 03755, New Hampshire
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aguirre CG, Woo JH, Romero-Sosa JL, Rivera ZM, Tejada AN, Munier JJ, Perez J, Goldfarb M, Das K, Gomez M, Ye T, Pannu J, Evans K, O'Neill PR, Spigelman I, Soltani A, Izquierdo A. Dissociable Contributions of Basolateral Amygdala and Ventrolateral Orbitofrontal Cortex to Flexible Learning Under Uncertainty. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e0622232023. [PMID: 37968116 PMCID: PMC10860573 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0622-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Reversal learning measures the ability to form flexible associations between choice outcomes with stimuli and actions that precede them. This type of learning is thought to rely on several cortical and subcortical areas, including the highly interconnected orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA), and is often impaired in various neuropsychiatric and substance use disorders. However, the unique contributions of these regions to stimulus- and action-based reversal learning have not been systematically compared using a chemogenetic approach particularly before and after the first reversal that introduces new uncertainty. Here, we examined the roles of ventrolateral OFC (vlOFC) and BLA during reversal learning. Male and female rats were prepared with inhibitory designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs targeting projection neurons in these regions and tested on a series of deterministic and probabilistic reversals during which they learned about stimulus identity or side (left or right) associated with different reward probabilities. Using a counterbalanced within-subject design, we inhibited these regions prior to reversal sessions. We assessed initial and pre-/post-reversal changes in performance to measure learning and adjustments to reversals, respectively. We found that inhibition of the ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex (vlOFC), but not BLA, eliminated adjustments to stimulus-based reversals. Inhibition of BLA, but not vlOFC, selectively impaired action-based probabilistic reversal learning, leaving deterministic reversal learning intact. vlOFC exhibited a sex-dependent role in early adjustment to action-based reversals, but not in overall learning. These results reveal dissociable roles for BLA and vlOFC in flexible learning and highlight a more crucial role for BLA in learning meaningful changes in the reward environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C G Aguirre
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J H Woo
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - J L Romero-Sosa
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z M Rivera
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - A N Tejada
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J J Munier
- Section of Biosystems and Function, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J Perez
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - M Goldfarb
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - K Das
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - M Gomez
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - T Ye
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J Pannu
- Section of Biosystems and Function, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - K Evans
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - P R O'Neill
- Shirley and Stefan Hatos Center for Neuropharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - I Spigelman
- Section of Biosystems and Function, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - A Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - A Izquierdo
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Aguirre CG, Woo JH, Romero-Sosa JL, Rivera ZM, Tejada AN, Munier JJ, Perez J, Goldfarb M, Das K, Gomez M, Ye T, Pannu J, Evans K, O'Neill PR, Spigelman I, Soltani A, Izquierdo A. Dissociable contributions of basolateral amygdala and ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex to flexible learning under uncertainty. bioRxiv 2023:2023.04.03.535471. [PMID: 37066321 PMCID: PMC10104064 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.03.535471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Reversal learning measures the ability to form flexible associations between choice outcomes with stimuli and actions that precede them. This type of learning is thought to rely on several cortical and subcortical areas, including highly interconnected orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and basolateral amygdala (BLA), and is often impaired in various neuropsychiatric and substance use disorders. However, unique contributions of these regions to stimulus- and action-based reversal learning have not been systematically compared using a chemogenetic approach and particularly before and after the first reversal that introduces new uncertainty. Here, we examined the roles of ventrolateral OFC (vlOFC) and BLA during reversal learning. Male and female rats were prepared with inhibitory DREADDs targeting projection neurons in these regions and tested on a series of deterministic and probabilistic reversals during which they learned about stimulus identity or side (left or right) associated with different reward probabilities. Using a counterbalanced within-subject design, we inhibited these regions prior to reversal sessions. We assessed initial and pre-post reversal changes in performance to measure learning and adjustments to reversals, respectively. We found that inhibition of vlOFC, but not BLA, eliminated adjustments to stimulus-based reversals. Inhibition of BLA, but not vlOFC, selectively impaired action-based probabilistic reversal learning, leaving deterministic reversal learning intact. vlOFC exhibited a sex-dependent role in early adjustment to action-based reversals, but not in overall learning. These results reveal dissociable roles for BLA and vlOFC in flexible learning and highlight a more crucial role for BLA in learning meaningful changes in the reward environment.
Collapse
|
5
|
Trepka E, Spitmaan M, Qi XL, Constantinidis C, Soltani A. Training-dependent gradients of timescales of neural dynamics in the primate prefrontal cortex and their contributions to working memory. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.01.555857. [PMID: 37693584 PMCID: PMC10491183 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.01.555857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Cortical neurons exhibit multiple timescales related to dynamics of spontaneous fluctuations (intrinsic timescales) and response to task events (seasonal timescales) in addition to selectivity to task-relevant signals. These timescales increase systematically across the cortical hierarchy, e.g., from parietal to prefrontal and cingulate cortex, pointing to their role in cortical computations. It is currently unknown whether these timescales depend on training in a specific task and/or are an inherent property of neurons, and whether more fine-grained hierarchies of timescales exist within specific cortical regions. To address these questions, we analyzed single-cell recordings within five subregions of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of male macaques before and after training on a working-memory task. We found fine-grained but opposite gradients of intrinsic and seasonal timescales that mainly appeared after training. Intrinsic timescales decreased whereas seasonal timescales increased from posterior to anterior subregions within both dorsal and ventral PFC. Moreover, training was accompanied by increases in proportions of neurons that exhibited intrinsic and seasonal timescales. These effects were comparable to the emergence of response selectivity due to training. Finally, task selectivity accompanied opposite neural dynamics such that neurons with task-relevant selectivity exhibited longer intrinsic and shorter seasonal timescales. Notably, neurons with longer intrinsic and shorter seasonal timescales exhibited superior population-level coding, but these advantages extended to the delay period mainly after training. Together, our results provide evidence for plastic, fine-grained gradients of timescales within PFC that can influence both single-cell and population coding, pointing to the importance of these timescales in understanding cognition. Significance statement Recent studies have demonstrated that neural responses exhibit dynamics with different timescales that follow a certain order or hierarchy across cortical areas. While the hierarchy of timescales is consistent across different tasks, it is unknown if these timescales emerge only after training or if they represent inherent properties of neurons. To answer this question, we estimated multiple timescales in neural response across five subregions of the monkeys' lateral prefrontal cortex before and after training on a working-memory task. Our results provide evidence for fine-grained gradients related to certain neural dynamics. Moreover, we show that these timescales depend on and can be modulated by training in a cognitive task, and contribute to encoding of task-relevant information at single-cell and population levels.
Collapse
|
6
|
Woo JH, Aguirre CG, Bari BA, Tsutsui KI, Grabenhorst F, Cohen JY, Schultz W, Izquierdo A, Soltani A. Mechanisms of adjustments to different types of uncertainty in the reward environment across mice and monkeys. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2023; 23:600-619. [PMID: 36823249 PMCID: PMC10444905 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-022-01059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Despite being unpredictable and uncertain, reward environments often exhibit certain regularities, and animals navigating these environments try to detect and utilize such regularities to adapt their behavior. However, successful learning requires that animals also adjust to uncertainty associated with those regularities. Here, we analyzed choice data from two comparable dynamic foraging tasks in mice and monkeys to investigate mechanisms underlying adjustments to different types of uncertainty. In these tasks, animals selected between two choice options that delivered reward probabilistically, while baseline reward probabilities changed after a variable number (block) of trials without any cues to the animals. To measure adjustments in behavior, we applied multiple metrics based on information theory that quantify consistency in behavior, and fit choice data using reinforcement learning models. We found that in both species, learning and choice were affected by uncertainty about reward outcomes (in terms of determining the better option) and by expectation about when the environment may change. However, these effects were mediated through different mechanisms. First, more uncertainty about the better option resulted in slower learning and forgetting in mice, whereas it had no significant effect in monkeys. Second, expectation of block switches accompanied slower learning, faster forgetting, and increased stochasticity in choice in mice, whereas it only reduced learning rates in monkeys. Overall, while demonstrating the usefulness of metrics based on information theory in examining adaptive behavior, our study provides evidence for multiple types of adjustments in learning and choice behavior according to uncertainty in the reward environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Woo
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Claudia G Aguirre
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bilal A Bari
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fabian Grabenhorst
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jeremiah Y Cohen
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wolfram Schultz
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alicia Izquierdo
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Woo JH, Aguirre CG, Bari BA, Tsutsui KI, Grabenhorst F, Cohen JY, Schultz W, Izquierdo A, Soltani A. Correction to: Mechanisms of adjustments to different types of uncertainty in the reward environment across mice and monkeys. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci 2023:10.3758/s13415-023-01089-1. [PMID: 36991300 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01089-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyung Woo
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Claudia G Aguirre
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bilal A Bari
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ken-Ichiro Tsutsui
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Tohoku University Graduate School of Life Sciences, Sendai, Japan
| | - Fabian Grabenhorst
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jeremiah Y Cohen
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wolfram Schultz
- Department of Physiology, Development & Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alicia Izquierdo
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- The Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hajian M, Erfani-Moghadam V, Arabi MS, Soltani A, Shahbazi M. A comparison between optimized PLGA and CS-Alg-PLGA microspheres for long-lasting release of glatiramer acetate. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
|
9
|
Balci F, Ben Hamed S, Boraud T, Bouret S, Brochier T, Brun C, Cohen JY, Coutureau E, Deffains M, Doyère V, Gregoriou GG, Heimel JA, Kilavik BE, Lee D, Leuthardt EC, Mainen ZF, Mathis M, Monosov IE, Naudé J, Orsborn AL, Padoa-Schioppa C, Procyk E, Sabatini B, Sallet J, Sandi C, Schall JD, Soltani A, Svoboda K, Wilson CRE, Zimmermann J. A response to claims of emergent intelligence and sentience in a dish. Neuron 2023; 111:604-605. [PMID: 36863319 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fuat Balci
- University of Manitoba, Department of Biological Sciences, 50 Sifton Rd, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2M5, Canada
| | - Suliann Ben Hamed
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR5229 CNRS Université de Lyon, 67 Boulevard Pinel, 69675 Bron Cedex, France
| | - Thomas Boraud
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CHU de Bordeaux, IMN Clinique, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sébastien Bouret
- Institut du Cerveau (ICM), INSERM UMRS 1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Brochier
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Cédric Brun
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France; University Bordeaux Montaigne, Philosophy Department, 33607 Pessac, France
| | | | | | - Marc Deffains
- University Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Valérie Doyère
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, UMR9197, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - Georgia G Gregoriou
- University of Crete, Faculty of Medicine and Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Heraklion 70013, Greece
| | | | - Bjørg Elisabeth Kilavik
- Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone (INT), UMR 7289, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Daeyeol Lee
- Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Departments of Psychological and Brain Sciences and Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eric C Leuthardt
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Mackenzie Mathis
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Brain Mind Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ilya E Monosov
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Jérémie Naudé
- IGF, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Amy L Orsborn
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Camillo Padoa-Schioppa
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Emmanuel Procyk
- University Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Bron, France.
| | - Bernardo Sabatini
- HHMI, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jérôme Sallet
- University Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Bron, France
| | - Carmen Sandi
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Brain Mind Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey D Schall
- Visual Neurophysiology Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth University, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Karel Svoboda
- Allen Institute for Neural Dynamics, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Charles R E Wilson
- University Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Inserm, Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute U1208, Bron, France
| | - Jan Zimmermann
- University of Minnesota, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Soltani A, Schworer EK, Jacobson LA, Channell MM, Lee NR, Faught GG, Grzadzinski R, Fidler D, Esbensen AJ. Confirmatory factor analysis of the BRIEF2 in a sample of youth with Down syndrome. J Intellect Disabil Res 2023; 67:148-158. [PMID: 36573033 PMCID: PMC9839560 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The factor structure of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, second edition (BRIEF2) has been widely examined in both typically developing children and specific clinical samples. Despite the frequent use of the BRIEF2 for measuring executive functioning in individuals with Down syndrome, no study has investigated the factorial validity or dimensionality of the BRIEF2 in this population. This study aimed to address this notable gap in the literature. METHODS Parents of 407 children and youth with Down syndrome aged 6-18 years completed the BRIEF2 as part of different studies led by six sites. Three competing models proposed by previous studies were analysed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis: the theoretical structure of the BRIEF2 where the scales were constrained to load on three factors labelled as Cognitive, Behavioral, and Emotional Regulation, a two-factor correlated model with the merged Behavioral and Emotional regulation, and a single-factor model. RESULTS The three-factor model provided a better fit than the one- and two-factor models, yet a large correlation was observed between Behavioural and Emotional regulation factors. The results provide meaningful explanatory value for the theoretical structure of the BRIEF2. However, the Behavioral and Emotional regulation factors might be less differentiated and the two-factor structure of the BRIEF2 may also make theoretical and empirical sense. CONCLUSIONS Although more studies are needed to further examine the factor structure of the BRIEF2 in youth with Down syndrome, this investigation provides preliminary support for the interpretation of the three executive function index scores provided by the BRIEF2: Cognitive, Behavioral, and Emotional Regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Soltani
- Department of Educational Psychology, Kerman BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKermanIran
| | - E. K. Schworer
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
- Waisman CenterUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - L. A. Jacobson
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesJohn Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - M. M. Channell
- Department of Speech and Hearing ScienceUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaign, ILUSA
| | - N. R. Lee
- Department of Psychological and Brain SciencesDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - G. G. Faught
- Department of PsychologyThe University of AlabamaTuscaloosaALUSA
| | - R. Grzadzinski
- Carolina Institute for Developmental DisabilitiesUniversity of North CarolinaCarrboroNCUSA
| | - D. Fidler
- Department of Human Development and Family StudiesColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - A. J. Esbensen
- Division of Developmental and Behavioral PediatricsCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOHUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOHUSA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang M, Zhou S, Obaid NH, Altimari US, Adel Mohammed M, Kareem Obaid Aldulaim A, Salaam Abood E, Kotb H, Enayati A, Khori V, Mirzaei H, Salehi A, Soltani A, Sani Sarjadi M, Lutfor Rahman M. Chromenone-based GSK-3β inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular diseases: in silico study, molecular dynamics, and ADMET profiles. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|
12
|
Masmoudi R, Khettaf S, Soltani A, Dibi A, Messaadia L, Benamira M. Cephalexin degradation initiated by OH radicals: theoretical prediction of the mechanisms and the toxicity of byproducts. J Mol Model 2022; 28:141. [PMID: 35536376 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05121-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the density functional theory is used to study the local reactivity of cephalexin (CLX) to radical attack and explain the mechanism of the reaction between CLX and hydroxyl radical attack leading to degradation byproducts. The reaction between •OH and CLX is supposed to lead to either an addition of a hydroxyl radical or an abstraction of a hydrogen. The results showed that the affinity of cephalexin for addition reactions increases as it passes from the gas to the aqueous phase and decreases as it passes from the neutral to the ionized form. Thermodynamic data confirmed that OH addition radicals (Radd) are thermodynamically favored over H abstraction radicals (Rabs). The ecotoxicity assessments of CLX and its byproducts are estimated from the acute toxicities toward green algae, Daphnia, and fish. The formation of byproducts is safe for aquatic organisms, and only one byproduct is harmful to Daphnia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Masmoudi
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry LCEE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Material Sciences, University of Batna 1, 05000, Batna, Algeria
| | - S Khettaf
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry LCEE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Material Sciences, University of Batna 1, 05000, Batna, Algeria
| | - A Soltani
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry LCEE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Material Sciences, University of Batna 1, 05000, Batna, Algeria
| | - A Dibi
- Laboratory of Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry LCEE, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Material Sciences, University of Batna 1, 05000, Batna, Algeria
| | - L Messaadia
- Laboratory of Applied Energy and Materials (LEAM), University of Jijel, BP. 98, Ouled Aissa, 18000, Jijel, Algeria.
| | - M Benamira
- Laboratory of Interaction Materials and Environment (LIME), University of Jijel, BP. 98, Ouled Aissa, 18000, Jijel, Algeria.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xu Y, Al-Mualm M, Terefe EM, Shamsutdinova MI, Opulencia MJC, Alsaikhan F, Turki Jalil A, Hammid AT, Enayati A, Mirzaei H, Khori V, Jabbari A, Salehi A, Soltani A, Mohamed A. Prediction of COVID-19 manipulation by selective ACE inhibitory compounds of Potentilla reptant root: In silico study and ADMET profile. ARAB J CHEM 2022; 15:103942. [PMID: 35502159 PMCID: PMC9044627 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the novel SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) as a global emergency event, the main reason of the cardiac injury from COVID-19 is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) targeting in SARS-CoV-2 infection. The inhibition of ACE2 induces an increase in the angiotensin II (Ang II) and the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) leading to impaired cardiac function or cardiac inflammatory responses. The ethyl acetate fraction of Potentilla reptans L. root can rescue heart dysfunction, oxidative stress, cardiac arrhythmias and apoptosis. Therefore, isolated components of P. reptans evaluated to identify natural anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents via molecular docking. In silico molecular docking study were carried out using the Auto Dock software on the isolated compounds of Potentilla reptans root. The protein targets of selective ACE and others obtained from Protein Data Bank (PDB). The best binding pose between amino acid residues involved in active site of the targets and compounds was discovered via molecular docking. Furthermore, ADMET properties of the compounds were evaluated. The triterpenoids of P. reptans showed more ACE inhibitory potential than catechin in both domains. They were selective on the nACE domain, especially compound 5. Also, the compound 5 & 6 had the highest binding affinity toward active site of nACE, cACE, AT1R, ACE2, and TNF-α receptors. Meanwhile, compound 3 showed more activity to inhibit TXA2. Drug likeness and ADMET analysis showed that the compounds passed the criteria of drug likeness and Lipinski rules. The current study depicted that P. reptans root showed cardioprotective effect in COVID-19 infection and manipulation of angiotensin II-induced side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- First People's Hospital of Wuyi County, Zhejiang Province, Wuyi, Zhejiang 321200, China
| | - Mahmood Al-Mualm
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ermias Mergia Terefe
- School of Pharmacy and Health Science, United States International University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Maksuda Ilyasovna Shamsutdinova
- Department of Hematology, Transfusiology and Laboratory Affairs, Tashkent Medical Academy, Farobi Street 2, Tashkent 100109, Uzbekistan
| | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla 51001, Iraq
| | - Ali Thaeer Hammid
- Computer Engineering Techniques Department, Faculty of Information Technology, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ayesheh Enayati
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Hassan Mirzaei
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Jabbari
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Aref Salehi
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Abdullah Mohamed
- Research Centre, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11845, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Jabbari A, Soltani A. 187P Development of a magnetic nanostructure for co-delivery of metformin and silibinin on growth of lung cancer cells: Possible action through leptin gene and its receptor regulation. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
15
|
Wang Q, Zhang P, Javed Ansari M, Aldawsari MF, Alalaiwe AS, Kaur J, Kumar R, Ng Kay Lup A, Enayati A, Mirzaei H, Soltani A, Su CH, Nguyen HC. Electrostatic interaction assisted Ca-decorated C20 fullerene loaded to anti-inflammatory drugs to manage cardiovascular disease risk in rheumatoid arthritis patients. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
16
|
Sun N, Javed Ansari M, Ng Kay Lup A, Javan M, Soltani A, Reza Khandoozi S, Arian Nia A, Tavassoli S, Lutfor Rahman M, Sani Sarjadi M, Sarkar SM, Su CH, Chinh Nguyen H. Improved anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of celecoxib loaded zinc oxide and magnesium oxide nanoclusters: A molecular docking and density functional theory simulation. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
17
|
Ghasemi AS, Makiabadi B, Zakarianezhad M, Soltani A, Ashrafi F, Mashhadban F. Experimental and theoretical studies of the interaction of Penicillamine with SWCNT (6,0) as a drug delivery system. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2021.2025101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Batoul Makiabadi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Soltani
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cao Y, Noori M, Nazari M, Ng Kay Lup A, Soltani A, Erfani-Moghadam V, Salehi A, Aghaei M, Lutfor Rahman M, Sani Sarjadi M, Sarkar SM, Su CH. Molecular docking evaluation of celecoxib on the boron nitride nanostructures for alleviation of cardiovascular risk and inflammatory. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
19
|
Abstract
The real world is uncertain, and while ever changing, it constantly presents itself in terms of new sets of behavioral options. To attain the flexibility required to tackle these challenges successfully, most mammalian brains are equipped with certain computational abilities that rely on the prefrontal cortex (PFC). By examining learning in terms of internal models associating stimuli, actions, and outcomes, we argue here that adaptive behavior relies on specific interactions between multiple systems including: (1) selective models learning stimulus-action associations through rewards; (2) predictive models learning stimulus- and/or action-outcome associations through statistical inferences anticipating behavioral outcomes; and (3) contextual models learning external cues associated with latent states of the environment. Critically, the PFC combines these internal models by forming task sets to drive behavior and, moreover, constantly evaluates the reliability of actor task sets in predicting external contingencies to switch between task sets or create new ones. We review different models of adaptive behavior to demonstrate how their components map onto this unifying framework and specific PFC regions. Finally, we discuss how our framework may help to better understand the neural computations and the cognitive architecture of PFC regions guiding adaptive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Etienne Koechlin
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Ecole Normale Superieure, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Farashahi S, Soltani A. Computational mechanisms of distributed value representations and mixed learning strategies. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7191. [PMID: 34893597 PMCID: PMC8664930 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27413-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Learning appropriate representations of the reward environment is challenging in the real world where there are many options, each with multiple attributes or features. Despite existence of alternative solutions for this challenge, neural mechanisms underlying emergence and adoption of value representations and learning strategies remain unknown. To address this, we measure learning and choice during a multi-dimensional probabilistic learning task in humans and trained recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to capture our experimental observations. We find that human participants estimate stimulus-outcome associations by learning and combining estimates of reward probabilities associated with the informative feature followed by those of informative conjunctions. Through analyzing representations, connectivity, and lesioning of the RNNs, we demonstrate this mixed learning strategy relies on a distributed neural code and opponency between excitatory and inhibitory neurons through value-dependent disinhibition. Together, our results suggest computational and neural mechanisms underlying emergence of complex learning strategies in naturalistic settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Farashahi
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
- Center for Computational Neuroscience, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Panahi N, Arjmand B, Ostovar A, Kouhestani E, Heshmat R, Soltani A, Larijani B. Metabolomic biomarkers of low BMD: a systematic review. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:2407-2431. [PMID: 34309694 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to the metabolic nature of osteoporosis, this study was conducted to identify metabolomic studies investigating the metabolic profile of low bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis. A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases up to April 08, 2020, to identify observational studies with cross-sectional or case-control designs investigating the metabolic profile of low BMD in adults using biofluid specimen via metabolomic platform. The quality assessment panel specified for the "omics"-based diagnostic research (QUADOMICS) tool was used to estimate the methodologic quality of the included studies. Ten untargeted and one targeted approach metabolomic studies investigating biomarkers in different biofluids through mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance platforms were included in the systematic review. Some metabolite panels, rather than individual metabolites, showed promising results in differentiating low BMD from normal. Candidate metabolites were of different categories including amino acids, followed by lipids and carbohydrates. Besides, certain pathways were suggested by some of the studies to be involved. This systematic review suggested that metabolic profiling could improve the diagnosis of low BMD. Despite valuable findings attained from each of these studies, there was great heterogeneity regarding the ethnicity and age of participants, samples, and the metabolomic platform. Further longitudinal studies are needed to validate the results and confirm the predictive role of metabolic profile on low BMD and fracture. It is also mandatory to address and minimize the heterogeneity in future studies by using reliable quantitative methods. Summary: Due to the metabolic nature of osteoporosis, researchers have considered metabolomic studies recently. This systematic review showed that metabolic profiling including different categories of metabolites could improve the diagnosis of low BMD. However, great heterogeneity was observed and it is mandatory to address and minimize the heterogeneity in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Panahi
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Arjmand
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - A Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Kouhestani
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Soltani
- Evidence Based Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - B Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Trepka E, Spitmaan M, Bari BA, Costa VD, Cohen JY, Soltani A. Entropy-based metrics for predicting choice behavior based on local response to reward. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6567. [PMID: 34772943 PMCID: PMC8590026 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26784-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, behavioral scientists have used the matching law to quantify how animals distribute their choices between multiple options in response to reinforcement they receive. More recently, many reinforcement learning (RL) models have been developed to explain choice by integrating reward feedback over time. Despite reasonable success of RL models in capturing choice on a trial-by-trial basis, these models cannot capture variability in matching behavior. To address this, we developed metrics based on information theory and applied them to choice data from dynamic learning tasks in mice and monkeys. We found that a single entropy-based metric can explain 50% and 41% of variance in matching in mice and monkeys, respectively. We then used limitations of existing RL models in capturing entropy-based metrics to construct more accurate models of choice. Together, our entropy-based metrics provide a model-free tool to predict adaptive choice behavior and reveal underlying neural mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Trepka
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Mehran Spitmaan
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Bilal A Bari
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vincent D Costa
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jeremiah Y Cohen
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Brain Science Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
We live in a world that changes on many timescales. To learn and make decisions appropriately, the human brain has evolved to integrate various types of information, such as sensory evidence and reward feedback, on multiple timescales. This is reflected in cortical hierarchies of timescales consisting of heterogeneous neuronal activities and expression of genes related to neurotransmitters critical for learning. We review the recent findings on how timescales of sensory and reward integration are affected by the temporal properties of sensory and reward signals in the environment. Despite existing evidence linking behavioral and neuronal timescales, future studies must examine how neural computations at multiple timescales are adjusted and combined to influence behavior flexibly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Moore Hall, 3 Maynard St, Hanover, NH 03755
| | - John D. Murray
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Hyojung Seo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Daeyeol Lee
- The Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Sciences, Kavli Neuroscience Discovery Institute, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cao Y, Khan A, Tazikeh-Lemeski E, Javan M, Baei MT, Ramezani Taghartapeh M, Mighani H, Soltani A, Pishnamazi M, Nouri A, Albadarin AB. Modeling and simulation of external electric field application for diisopropyl methylphosphonate sensing through B12N12 fullerene. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
25
|
Cao Y, Khan A, Ghorbani F, Mirzaei H, Singla P, Balakheyli H, Soltani A, Aghaei M, Azmoodeh Z, Aarabi M, Tavassoli S. Predicting adsorption behavior and anti-inflammatory activity of naproxen interacting with pure boron nitride and boron phosphide fullerene-like cages. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
26
|
Soltani A, Aminian K, Mazza C, Cereatti A, Palmerini L, Bonci T, Paraschiv-Ionescu A. Algorithms for Walking Speed Estimation Using a Lower-Back-Worn Inertial Sensor: A Cross-Validation on Speed Ranges. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2021; 29:1955-1964. [PMID: 34506286 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2021.3111681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Walking/gait speed is a key measure for daily mobility characterization. To date, various studies have attempted to design algorithms to estimate walking speed using an inertial sensor worn on the lower back, which is considered as a proper location for activity monitoring in daily life. However, these algorithms were rarely compared and validated on the same datasets, including people with different preferred walking speed. This study implemented several original, improved, and new algorithms for estimating cadence, step length and eventually speed. We designed comprehensive cross-validation to compare the algorithms for walking slow, normal, fast, and using walking aids. We used two datasets, including reference data for algorithm validation from an instrumented mat (40 subjects) and shanks-worn inertial sensors (88 subjects), with normal and impaired walking patterns. The results showed up to 50% performance improvements. Training of algorithms on data from people with different preferred speeds led to better performance. For the slow walkers, an average RMSE of 2.5 steps/min, 0.04 m, and 0.10 m/s were respectively achieved for cadence, step length, and speed estimation. For normal walkers, the errors were 3.5 steps/min, 0.08 m, and 0.12 m/s. An average RMSE of 1.3 steps/min, 0.05 m, and 0.10 m/s were also observed on fast walkers. For people using walking aids, the error significantly increased up to an RMSE of 14 steps/min, 0.18 m, and 0.27 m/s. The results demonstrated the robustness of the proposed combined speed estimation approach for different speed ranges. It achieved an RMSE of 0.10, 0.18, 0.15, and 0.32 m/s for slow, normal, fast, and using walking aids, respectively.
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Reversal learning paradigms are widely used assays of behavioral flexibility with their probabilistic versions being more amenable to studying integration of reward outcomes over time. Prior research suggests differences between initial and reversal learning, including higher learning rates, a greater need for inhibitory control, and more perseveration after reversals. However, it is not well-understood what aspects of stimulus-based reversal learning are unique to reversals, and whether and how observed differences depend on reward probability. Here, we used a visual probabilistic discrimination and reversal learning paradigm where male and female rats selected between a pair of stimuli associated with different reward probabilities. We compared accuracy, rewards collected, omissions, latencies, win-stay/lose-shift strategies, and indices of perseveration across two different reward probability schedules. We found that discrimination and reversal learning are behaviorally more unique than similar: Fit of choice behavior using reinforcement learning models revealed a lower sensitivity to the difference in subjective reward values (greater exploration) and higher learning rates for the reversal phase. We also found latencies to choose the better option were greater in females than males, but only for the reversal phase. Further, animals employed more win-stay strategies during early discrimination and increased perseveration during early reversal learning. Interestingly, a consistent reward probability group difference emerged with a richer environment associated with longer reward collection latencies than a leaner environment. Future studies should systematically compare the neural correlates of fine-grained behavioral measures to reveal possible dissociations in how the circuitry is recruited in each phase. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carl Harris
- Department of Psychological and Brain Science
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cao Y, Khan A, Balakheyli H, Lup ANK, Ramezani Taghartapeh M, Mirzaei H, Reza Khandoozi S, Soltani A, Aghaei M, Heidari F, Sarkar SM, Albadarin AB. Penicillamine functionalized B12N12 and B12CaN12 nanocages act as potential inhibitors of proinflammatory cytokines: A combined DFT analysis, ADMET and molecular docking study. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
29
|
Toaff M, Soltani A, Youssef J, Holness S, Grimes C. 90 Rate of conversion to televisits in a urogynecology practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8150262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
30
|
Guénin S, Soltani A, Grimes C, Clare C, David-West G, Keltz J, Menon S, Tedjarati S, Pradhan T. 28 Validation of prioritization scoring tools for triage of elective gynecologic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8150357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
|
31
|
Guénin S, Soltani A, Grimes C, Menon S, Keltz J, David-West G, Clare C, Tedjarati S, Pradhan T. 18 Prioritization and triage scoring of gynecologic surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8150356 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
|
32
|
Cao Y, Khan A, Soltani A, Erfani-Moghadam V, Lup ANK, Aghaei M, Abdolahi N, Khalili M, Cordani M, Balakheyli H, Tavassoli S, Albadarin AB. Spectroscopic, density functional theory, cytotoxicity and antioxidant activities of sulfasalazine and naproxen drugs combination. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
33
|
Aghaei M, Erfani-Moghadam V, Daneshmandi L, Soltani A, Abdolahi N, Cordani M, Yahyazadeh A, Rad SM, Tavassoli S, Balakheyli H. Non-ionic surfactant vesicles as novel delivery systems for sulfasalazine: Evaluation of the physicochemical and cytotoxic properties. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.129874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
34
|
Aghaei M, Ramezanitaghartapeh M, Javan M, Hoseininezhad-Namin MS, Mirzaei H, Rad AS, Soltani A, Sedighi S, Lup ANK, Khori V, Mahon PJ, Heidari F. Investigations of adsorption behavior and anti-inflammatory activity of glycine functionalized Al 12N 12 and Al 12ON 11 fullerene-like cages. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 246:119023. [PMID: 33049473 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption behavior of the amino acid, glycine (Gly), via the carboxyl, hydroxyl, and amino groups onto the surfaces of Al12N12 and Al16N16 fullerene-like cages were computationally evaluated by the combination of density functional theory (DFT) and molecular docking studies. It was found that Gly can chemically bond with the Al12N12 and Al16N16 fullerene-like cages as its amino group being more favorable to interact with the aluminum atoms of the adsorbents compared to carboxyl and hydroxyl groups. Oxygen and carbon doping were reported to reduce steric hindrance for Glycine interaction at Al site of Al12ON11/Gly and Al12CN11/Gly complexes. Interaction was further enhanced by oxygen doping due to its greater electron withdrawing effect. Herein, the Al12ON11/Gly complex where two carbonyl groups of Gly are bonded to the aluminum atoms of the Al12N12 fullerene-like cage is the most stable interaction configuration showing ∆adsH and ∆adsG values of -81.74 kcal/mol and -66.21 kcal/mol, respectively. Computational studies also revealed the frequency shifts that occurred due to the interaction process. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the Al12N12/Gly (-11.7 kcal/mol) and the Al12ON11/Gly (-9.2 kcal/mol) complexes have a good binding affinity with protein tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). TNF-α was implicated as a key cytokine in various diseases, and it has been a validated therapeutic target for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. These results suggest that the Al12N12/Gly complex in comparison with the Al16N16/Gly, Al12ON11/Gly, and the Al12CN11/Gly complexes could be efficient inhibitors of TNF-α.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Aghaei
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Javan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mir Saleh Hoseininezhad-Namin
- Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Mirzaei
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Shokuhi Rad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Sima Sedighi
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Andrew Ng Kay Lup
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Vahid Khori
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Peter J Mahon
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Fatemeh Heidari
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Science, Gorgan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rashidnejad H, Ramezanitaghartapeh M, Pesyan NN, Mahon PJ, Raposo M, Coelho PJ, Lup ANK, Soltani A. A comprehensive spectroscopic, solvatochromic and photochemical analysis of 5-hydroxyquinoline and 8-hydroxyquinoline mono-azo dyes. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
36
|
Abstract
Primate vision is characterized by constant, sequential processing and selection of visual targets to fixate. Although expected reward is known to influence both processing and selection of visual targets, similarities and differences between these effects remain unclear mainly because they have been measured in separate tasks. Using a novel paradigm, we simultaneously measured the effects of reward outcomes and expected reward on target selection and sensitivity to visual motion in monkeys. Monkeys freely chose between two visual targets and received a juice reward with varying probability for eye movements made to either of them. Targets were stationary apertures of drifting gratings, causing the end points of eye movements to these targets to be systematically biased in the direction of motion. We used this motion-induced bias as a measure of sensitivity to visual motion on each trial. We then performed different analyses to explore effects of objective and subjective reward values on choice and sensitivity to visual motion to find similarities and differences between reward effects on these two processes. Specifically, we used different reinforcement learning models to fit choice behavior and estimate subjective reward values based on the integration of reward outcomes over multiple trials. Moreover, to compare the effects of subjective reward value on choice and sensitivity to motion directly, we considered correlations between each of these variables and integrated reward outcomes on a wide range of timescales. We found that, in addition to choice, sensitivity to visual motion was also influenced by subjective reward value, although the motion was irrelevant for receiving reward. Unlike choice, however, sensitivity to visual motion was not affected by objective measures of reward value. Moreover, choice was determined by the difference in subjective reward values of the two options, whereas sensitivity to motion was influenced by the sum of values. Finally, models that best predicted visual processing and choice used sets of estimated reward values based on different types of reward integration and timescales. Together, our results demonstrate separable influences of reward on visual processing and choice, and point to the presence of multiple brain circuits for the integration of reward outcomes.
Collapse
|
37
|
Sedighi S, Baei MT, Javan M, Ince JC, Soltani A, Jokar MH, Tavassoli S. Adsorption of sarin and chlorosarin onto the Al
12
N
12
and Al
12
P
12
nanoclusters: DFT and TDDFT calculations. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sima Sedighi
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center Golestan University of Medical Science Gorgan Iran
| | - Mohammad T. Baei
- Department of Chemistry, Azadshahr Branch Islamic Azad University Azadshahr Iran
| | - Masoud Javan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences Golestan University Gorgan Iran
| | - Joshua Charles Ince
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn VIC Australia
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center Golestan University of Medical Science Gorgan Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Jokar
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center Golestan University of Medical Science Gorgan Iran
| | - Samaneh Tavassoli
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center Golestan University of Medical Science Gorgan Iran
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Soltani A. Learning from Others, but with What Confidence? Trends Cogn Sci 2020; 24:963-964. [PMID: 33071160 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A recent study by Zhang and Gläscher (2020) in humans examines learning from one's own versus others' actions under reward uncertainty. Comparing findings from this and non-human studies on learning under perceptual uncertainty suggests a unified role for confidence in learning under different types of uncertainty across mammalian brains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Farashahi S, Xu J, Wu SW, Soltani A. Learning arbitrary stimulus-reward associations for naturalistic stimuli involves transition from learning about features to learning about objects. Cognition 2020; 205:104425. [PMID: 32958287 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Most cognitive processes are studied using abstract or synthetic stimuli with specific features to fully control what is presented to subjects. However, recent studies have revealed enhancements of cognitive capacities (such as working memory) when processing naturalistic versus abstract stimuli. Using abstract stimuli constructed from distinct visual features (e.g., color and shape), we have recently shown that human subjects can learn multidimensional stimulus-reward associations via initially estimating reward value of individual features (feature-based learning) before gradually switching to learning about reward value of individual stimuli (object-based learning). Here, we examined whether similar strategies are adopted during learning about naturalistic stimuli that are clearly perceived as objects (instead of a combination of features) and contain both task-relevant and irrelevant features. We found that similar to learning about abstract stimuli, subjects initially adopted feature-based learning more strongly before transitioning to object-based learning. However, there were three key differences between learning about naturalistic and abstract stimuli. First, compared with abstract stimuli, the initial learning strategy was less feature-based for naturalistic stimuli. Second, subjects transitioned to object-based learning faster for naturalistic stimuli. Third, unexpectedly, subjects were more likely to adopt feature-based learning for naturalistic stimuli, both at the steady state and overall. These results suggest that despite the stronger tendency to perceive naturalistic stimuli as objects, which leads to greater likelihood of using object-based learning as the initial strategy and a faster transition to object-based learning, the influence of individual features on learning is stronger for these stimuli such that ultimately the object-based strategy is adopted less. Overall, our findings suggest that feature-based learning is a general initial strategy for learning about reward value of all types of multi-dimensional stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Farashahi
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, NH 03755, United States of America; Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY 10010, United States of America
| | - Jane Xu
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, NH 03755, United States of America
| | - Shih-Wei Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, NH 03755, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Swetha B, Nagarajan V, Soltani A, Chandiramouli R. Novel gamma arsenene nanosheets as sensing medium for vomiting agents: A first-principles research. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.112876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
41
|
Shayanfar A, Ghaderi-Far F, Behmaram R, Soltani A, Sadeghipour HR. Impacts of fire cues on germination of Brassica napus L. seeds with high and low secondary dormancy. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:647-654. [PMID: 32215992 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural burning is used in farm management operations; however, information about the impact of fire cues on the release and/or induction of secondary dormancy in crop seeds is scarce. Seeds from two oilseed rape cultivars were induced for high (HD) or low (LD) secondary dormancy using polyethyleneglycol (PEG) pre-treatment, and their germination after exposure to various fire cues was compared to control PEG pre-treated and non-dormant seeds. Non-dormant seed germination was unaffected by various fire cues. Low doses of aerosol smoke released secondary dormancy in HD seeds, while higher doses increased dormancy of LD seeds. Dilute smoke water also released HD seed secondary dormancy, but concentrated smke water enhanced dormancy in both LD and HD seeds. The concentrated aqueous extracts from charred oilseed rape straw only promoted germination of HD seeds, while dilution inhibited LD seed germination. Heat shock (80 °C, 5 min) released secondary dormancy in HD seeds; however, higher temperatures and/or increased exposure time was associated with seed death. GC-MS analyses of smoke water revealed two butenolides and an array of monoaromatic hydroxybenzene compounds with potential germination inhibitor or promoter activity. The extent of secondary dormancy induction in seeds affects their subsequent responses to fire cues. Both aerosol smoke and smoke water have both germination promoter and inhibitor activity. Lacking any butenolides, aqueous extracts of charred straw contain a potential germination stimulating steroid, i.e. ergosterol. The significance of fire-derived cues on behaviour of oilseed rape seeds in the soil seed bank is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Shayanfar
- Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - F Ghaderi-Far
- Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - R Behmaram
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources of Golestan Province, Gorgan, Iran
| | - A Soltani
- Department of Agronomy, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - H R Sadeghipour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Soltani A, Abdolahi N, Ghanbari Y. AB0175 INNOVATIVE PREPARATION OF CURCUMIN NANOPARTICLES TO IMPROVE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECT IN RHEUMATIC DISEASE. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Curcumin (Cur) as a natural compound can be used in the wide spectrum of healthy functions and pharmacological activities [1-4]. It shows great promise for medication of various pro-inflammatory chronic illnesses [5]. In this study, we evaluate the ability of poly(lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA) and different grads of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and lecithin as a drug delivery system for poorly soluble CurObjectives:The goal of this study was to prepare and characterize Cur encapsulated PLGA and different grads of PVA and lecithin as an efficient nanocarrier for improve anti-inflammatory effect in rheumatic diseaseMethods:The PLGA nanospheres were formulated and then characterized for percent yield, encapsulation efficiency, surface morphology, and in vitro drug release profiles. At first, 6 mg of Cur was added to the organic phase including 24 mg of polymer dissolved in 5 mL of dichloromethane to constitute 1:4 (drug-to-polymer) ratios. Then, a mixture of PVA-lecithin (at about 5 cc) was added to maintain the stability of double emulsion droplets. The emulsion was continuously stirred at 300 rpm for 24 hours (at temperature of 37.5 ˚C) to evaporate the solvent, leaving behind the colloidal suspension of the drug-encapsulated nanoparticle in aqueous phase. The encapsulation of Cur into PLGA was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Results:Our studies achieved the successful formation of smooth surface and spherical shape Cur encapsulated into PLGA nanoparticles by the TEM image confirmed. The particle size distribution demonstrated a range of 30 nm to 100 nm, with the mean particle size being 45 nm. FTIR study implies successful loading of Cur into the nanoparticles. We show high drug-loading efficiency about 98 ± 0.5% for 6% of Cur weight in total ingredients weight of PLGA (w/w). It was also seen that a slower sustained release of 10% CUR in 48 hours is observed with biocompatible PLGA in phosphate buffered saline (pH = 7.4). The MTT assay of the Cur-PLGA exhibited no cytotoxic effect on Normal mouse fibroblast cells (L-929) cell line. IC50 of Cur -PLGA increased 99.5% against Cur nanoparticles (33.57 ±0.62 µM) (P < 0.05).Conclusion:In this study, we constructed a novel preparation of curcumin nanoparticles with PLGA and different grads of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and lecithin to improve the bioavailability of CUR and PLGA exhibited no cytotoxic effect on L-929 cell lineReferences:In this study, we constructed a novel preparation of curcumin nanoparticles with PLGA and different grads of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and lecithin to improve the bioavailability of CUR and PLGA exhibited no cytotoxic effect on L-929 cell lineDisclosure of Interests:None declared
Collapse
|
43
|
Abdolahi N, Javan MB, Katin KP, Soltani A, Shojaee S, Kaveh S. The study of thiazole adsorption upon BC2N nanotube: DFT/TD-DFT investigation. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01557-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
44
|
Abstract
The outcome of a decision is often uncertain, and outcomes can vary over repeated decisions. Whether decision outcomes should substantially affect behaviour and learning depends on whether they are representative of a typically experienced range of outcomes or signal a change in the reward environment. Successful learning and decision-making therefore require the ability to estimate expected uncertainty (related to the variability of outcomes) and unexpected uncertainty (related to the variability of the environment). Understanding the bases and effects of these two types of uncertainty and the interactions between them - at the computational and the neural level - is crucial for understanding adaptive learning. Here, we examine computational models and experimental findings to distil computational principles and neural mechanisms for adaptive learning under uncertainty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Soltani
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Alicia Izquierdo
- Department of Psychology, The Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Soltani A, Alimagham S, Nehbandani A, Torabi B, Zeinali E, Zand E, Vadez V, van Loon M, van Ittersum M. Future food self-sufficiency in Iran: A model-based analysis. Global Food Security 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
46
|
Soltani A, Tazikeh-Lemeski E, Javan MB. A comparative theoretical study on the interaction of pure and carbon atom substituted boron nitride fullerenes with ifosfamide drug. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
47
|
Soltani A, Ramezanitaghartapeh M, Javan MB, Baei MT, Lup ANK, Mahon PJ, Aghaei M. Influence of the adsorption of toxic agents on the optical and electronic properties of B 12N 12 fullerene in the presence and absence of an external electric field. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01868f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The interaction energies and optoelectronic properties of sarin (SF) and chlorosarin (SC) on the B12N12 with and without the presence of an electric field have been studied using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Soltani
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center
- Golestan University of Medical Science
- Gorgan
- Iran
| | | | | | - Mohammad T. Baei
- Department of Chemistry
- Azadshahr Branch
- Islamic Azad University
- Azadshahr
- Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Andrew Ng Kay Lup
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University Malaysia
- 43900 Sepang
- Malaysia
| | - Peter J. Mahon
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology
- Swinburne University of Technology
- Hawthorn
- Australia
| | - Mehrdad Aghaei
- Golestan Rheumatology Research Center
- Golestan University of Medical Science
- Gorgan
- Iran
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Perceptual decision-making has been shown to be influenced by reward expected from alternative options or actions, but the underlying neural mechanisms are currently unknown. More specifically, it is debated whether reward effects are mediated through changes in sensory processing, later stages of decision-making, or both. To address this question, we conducted two experiments in which human participants made saccades to what they perceived to be either the first or second of two visually identical but asynchronously presented targets while we manipulated expected reward from correct and incorrect responses on each trial. By comparing reward-induced bias in target selection (i.e., reward bias) during the two experiments, we determined whether reward caused changes in sensory or decision-making processes. We found similar reward biases in the two experiments indicating that reward information mainly influenced later stages of decision-making. Moreover, the observed reward biases were independent of the individual's sensitivity to sensory signals. This suggests that reward effects were determined heuristically via modulation of decision-making processes instead of sensory processing. To further explain our findings and uncover plausible neural mechanisms, we simulated our experiments with a cortical network model and tested alternative mechanisms for how reward could exert its influence. We found that our experimental observations are more compatible with reward-dependent input to the output layer of the decision circuit. Together, our results suggest that, during a temporal judgment task, reward exerts its influence via changing later stages of decision-making (i.e., response bias) rather than early sensory processing (i.e., perceptual bias).
Collapse
|
49
|
Soltani A, Lahti J, Järvelä K, Laurikka J, Kuokkala VT, Hokka M. Characterization of the anisotropic deformation of the right ventricle during open heart surgery. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019; 23:103-113. [PMID: 31847587 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2019.1703133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was used for studying the anisotropic behavior of the thin walled right ventricle of the human heart. Strains measured with Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE) were compared with the DIC data. Both DIC and STE were used to measure longitudinal strains of the right ventricle in the beginning of an open-heart surgery as well as after the cardiopulmonary bypass. Based on the results, the maximum end-systolic strains obtained with the DIC and STE change similarly during the surgery with less than 10% difference. The difference is largely due to the errors in matching the longitudinal direction in the two methods, sensitivity of the measurement to the positioning of the virtual extensometer of in both STE and DIC, and physiological difference of the measurements as the DIC measures the top surface of the heart whereas the STE obtains the data from below. The anisotropy of the RV was measured using full field principal strains acquired from the DIC displacement fields. The full field principal strains cover the entire region of interest instead of just two points as the virtual extensometer approach used by the STE. The principal strains are not direction dependent measures, and therefore are more independent of the anatomy of the patient and the exact positioning of the virtual strain gage or the STE probe. The results show that the longitudinal strains alone are not enough to fully characterize the behavior of the heart, as the deformation of the heart can be very anisotropic, and the anisotropy changes during the surgery, and from patient to patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Soltani
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - J Lahti
- Hospital Heart Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - K Järvelä
- Hospital Heart Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - J Laurikka
- Hospital Heart Center, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - V-T Kuokkala
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| | - M Hokka
- Tampere University, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Choopani R, Gahderi F, Salahzadeh Z, Sivaki H, Majd E, Azghani M, Soltani A, Jafarabadi M. The Effect of Segmental Stabilization Exercises on Pain, Disability and Static Postural Stability in Patients with Spondylolisthesis: A Double Blinded Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Muscles Ligaments Tendons J 2019. [DOI: 10.32098/mltj.04.2019.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Choopani
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - F. Gahderi
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Z. Salahzadeh
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - H.N. Sivaki
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - E.M. Majd
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - M.R. Azghani
- Biomechanics Department, Faculty of biomechanics Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A. Soltani
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - M.A. Jafarabadi
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- RDepartment of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|