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Hassan AA, Mansour SZ, Mostafa DM, Abdelgayed SS. Delving into the death signaling pathway of hemp oil and gamma radiation in solid tumor bearing mice. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:226-234. [PMID: 36812473 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2022-0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Many studies reported the diverse therapeutic potential of essential oils. They have a crucial role in cancer prevention and treatment. Antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antiproliferative are mechanisms involved. Also, essential oils may enhance immune function and surveillance, induce enzymes, enhance detoxification, and modulate multidrug resistance. Hemp oil, obtained from Cannabis sativaL. seeds, is known for its health-enhancing properties and bioactivity. Adult female Swiss albino mice were injected with viable Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells (2.5 × 106 cells/mouse), and then administered with hemp oil (20 mg/kg) daily for 10 consecutive days pre-, and then 10 days post-exposure to 6 Gy whole-body gamma irradiation. Hemp oil significantly increased Beclin1, VMP1, LC3, cytochrome c, and Bax. More interestingly, Hemp oil showed a significant decrease in Bcl2 and P13k either alone or in combination with γ radiation. Finally, this study documented the possible role of hemp oil in inducing two cell death types, autophagy and apoptosis, as it may be applied as an adjuvant in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Z Mansour
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - D M Mostafa
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - S S Abdelgayed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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2
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Nada A, Zeidan B, Hassan AA, Elshemy M. Water quality modeling and management for Rosetta Branch, the Nile River, Egypt. Environ Monit Assess 2021; 193:603. [PMID: 34448956 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rosetta Branch (RB) is the Nile western branch, which is considered the main freshwater resource for the western governorates of the Nile Delta, in addition to El-Beheira governorate, Egypt. This work aims to investigate the effectiveness of applying six feasible water quality management scenarios for the RB at Kafr Elzayat (KZ) City, where two major pollution sources (industrial companies and the Tala Drain) are discharging their effluents to the branch. A hydro-ecological model for the branch was developed based on MIKE 11 modeling system (3 modules). The developed model was calibrated using field hydrodynamic and water quality records for the branch during the period from November 2014 to August 2015. The calibrated model results were considered a base case for the simulated management scenarios. According to the study results, diverting the Tala Drain effluents to the nearest main drain will significantly enhance the branch water quality, while diverting of the industrial companies' effluents to the city sewer system will significantly enhance the water quality conditions downstream of the study. The expected scenario of decreasing the RB discharge, due to future climatic changes and/or construction of the new Ethiopian dams, will significantly affect the RB water quality status in a negative way. Urgent management plans, based on the presented scenarios results (or a combination of them), should be applied to enhance the branch water quality. The Tala Drain should be, at least, provided by a water quality treatment plant, and the branch freshwater discharge should be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nada
- Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - B Zeidan
- Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - A A Hassan
- Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M Elshemy
- Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
- Faculty of Engineering, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia.
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3
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AbdelMassih A, Gadalla M, Hussein E, Elahmady M, Zahra N, Eid MA, Hussein M, Hassan AA, Abou-Zeid AS, Hassan A, El Nahhas N, Emad N, Aboushadi N, Ibrahim N, Mokhtar S, El-Husseiny N, Kamel A, Hozaien R, Menshawey E, Ismail HA, Mokhles M, Menshawey R, Fouda R. The forgotten oral microbial transplantation for improving the outcomes of COVID-19. New Microbes New Infect 2021; 43:100923. [PMID: 34336224 PMCID: PMC8310390 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Ever since the uncovering of the severe discrepancy of COVID-19 manifestations, irrespective of viral load, scientists have raced to locate and manage factors contributing to the genesis of a critical state. Recent evidence delineates the role of oral dysbiosis in the development of low-grade inflammation, characterized by the increase of inflammatory cytokines common to those fundamental to the development of severe COVID. Furthermore, high periodontopathic bacteria were recorded in severe acute respiratory syndrome in COVID patients, as well as its common provoking comorbidities such as diabetes and hypertension. This can be explained by the immigration and elimination of oral bacteria into the airways, which, in the context of an injured lung, allows for their preferential overgrowth familiar to that, causing the progression to advanced lung diseases. This is why we indicate the promising usage of oral microbiome transplantation as a treatment of oral microbial dysbiosis, not only associated with the worst outcomes of COVID-19 but also in other disorders of low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A AbdelMassih
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Pediatrics' Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.,Pediatric Cardio-Oncology Department, Children Cancer Hospital of Egypt (57357), Egypt
| | - M Gadalla
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - E Hussein
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M Elahmady
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - N Zahra
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M A Eid
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M Hussein
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - A A Hassan
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - A S Abou-Zeid
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - A Hassan
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - N El Nahhas
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - N Emad
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - N Aboushadi
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - N Ibrahim
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - S Mokhtar
- Faculty of Dentistry, New Giza University, New Giza, Egypt.,Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - N El-Husseiny
- Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.,Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt.,Pixagon Graphic Design Agency, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A Kamel
- Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - R Hozaien
- Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - E Menshawey
- Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - H A Ismail
- Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M Mokhles
- Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - R Menshawey
- Research Accessibility Team (Students' and Interns' Research Program), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - R Fouda
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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4
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Korti MY, Ageep TB, Adam AI, Shitta KB, Hassan AA, Algadam AA, Baleela RM, Saad HA, Abuelmaali SA. Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis and detection of the knockdown resistance mutation (kdr) concerning agricultural practices from Northern Sudan state, Sudan. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2021; 19:49. [PMID: 33779858 PMCID: PMC8006520 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-021-00142-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemical control has been the most efficient method in mosquito control, the development of insecticide resistance in target populations has a significant impact on vector control. The use of agricultural pesticides may have a profound impact on the development of resistance in the field populations of malaria vectors. Our study focused on insecticide resistance and knockdown resistance (kdr) of Anopheles arabiensis populations from Northern Sudan, related to agricultural pesticide usage. RESULTS Anopheles arabiensis from urban and rural localities (Merowe and Al-hamadab) were fully susceptible to bendiocarb 0.1% and permethrin 0.75% insecticides while resistant to DDT 4% and malathion 5%. The population of laboratory reference colony F189 from Dongola showed a mortality of 91% to DDT (4%) and fully susceptible to others. GLM analysis indicated that insecticides, sites, site type, and their interaction were determinant factors on mortality rates (P < 0.01). Except for malathion, mortality rates of all insecticides were not significant (P > 0.05) according to sites. Mortality rates of malathion and DDT were varied significantly (P < 0.0001 and P < 0.05 respectively) by site types, while mortality rates of bendiocarb and permethrin were not significant (P >0.05). The West African kdr mutation (L1014F) was found in urban and rural sites. Even though, the low-moderate frequency of kdr (L1014F) mutation was observed. The findings presented here for An. arabiensis showed no correlation between the resistant phenotype as ascertained by bioassay and the presence of the kdr mutation, with all individuals tested except the Merowe site which showed a moderate association with DDT (OR= 6 in allelic test), suggesting that kdr genotype would be a poor indicator of phenotypic resistance. CONCLUSION The results provide critical pieces of information regarding the insecticide susceptibility status of An. arabiensis in northern Sudan. The usage of the same pesticides in agricultural areas seemed to affect the Anopheles susceptibility when they are exposed to those insecticides in the field. The kdr mutation might have a less role than normally expected in pyrethroids resistance; however, other resistance genes should be in focus. These pieces of information will help to improve the surveillance system and The implication of different vector control programs employing any of these insecticides either in the treatment of bed nets or for indoor residual spraying would achieve satisfactory success rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Korti
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - T B Ageep
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - A I Adam
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - K B Shitta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria
| | - A A Hassan
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - A A Algadam
- Tropical Medicine Research Institute, National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - R M Baleela
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - H A Saad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - S A Abuelmaali
- Department of Medical Entomology, National Public Health Laboratory, Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan.
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5
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Khedr SI, Mokhamer EHM, Hassan AA, El-Feki AS, Elkhodary GM, El-Gerbed MS. Psidium guajava Linn leaf ethanolic extract: In vivo giardicidal potential with ultrastructural damage, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:427-439. [PMID: 33424326 PMCID: PMC7783632 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction and aim Considering the magnitude of giardiasis problem, the side-effects of the used anti-giardia drugs and the resistance posed against them, the current study aimed to evaluate the in-vivo giardicidal effect of Psidium guajava leaf extract (PGLE). Methods For fulfilling this aim, five Swiss-albino mice groups were included; GI: non-infected, GII: Giardia-infected and non-treated, GIII: Giardia-infected and metronidazole-treated, GIV: Giardia-infected and PGLE-treated, and GV: Giardia-infected and treated with both metronidazole and PGLE. Treatment efficacy was assessed via; Giardia cyst viability and trophozoite count, trophozoite electron microscopic ultrastructure, duodenal histopathological scoring, immunohistochemistry for TNF-α and duodenal scanning electron microscopy. Moreover, mice serum liver enzymes, total bilirubin, albumin, lipid profile including; total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides were assessed. Additionally, hepatic oxidative stress markers including; malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. Results Results showed that PGLE whether alone or combined with metronidazole has induced significant trophozoite count reduction and major architectural changes. Duodenal histological improvement, and local protective anti-inflammatory effect were confirmed. PGLE has also helped in healing of Giardia-induced gut atrophy. Thus, offered a comprehensive therapy for both the pathogen and the resultant pathological sequalae. Serum markers showed favorable hepatoprotective effect. Total cholesterol, LDL and triglycerides levels were less in PGLE-treated group than in metronidazole-treated group. Hepatic oxidative stress markers revealed the promising extract antioxidant effect. This study highlights, the promising in-vivo giardicidal PGLE activity, that was comparable to metronidazole, thus, the extract would be an ideal strongly recommended treatment for giardiasis. When combined with metronidazole, the extract potentiated its therapeutic effect. Besides, having hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, the extract can combat the major side effects of metronidazole therapy.
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Key Words
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- Duodenal ultrastructure
- G. lamblia, Giardia lamblia
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- Giardia lamblia
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- HDL, high-density lipoproteins
- LDL, low-density lipoproteins
- MDA, malondialdehyde
- MNZ, metronidazole
- NO, nitric oxide
- Nitric oxide
- PGLE, Psidium guajava Linn. leaf extract
- Psidium guajava leaf extract
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- SOD, superoxide dismutase enzyme
- Superoxide dismutase
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha
- Tumor necrosis factor-α
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa I. Khedr
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Corresponding author at: Medical Parasitology Department, El Mowasah Medical and Educational Complex, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | | | - Amal A.A. Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S. El-Feki
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Gihan M. Elkhodary
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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6
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Kholif AE, Hassan AA, El Ashry GM, Bakr MH, El-Zaiat HM, Olafadehan OA, Matloup OH, Sallam SMA. Phytogenic feed additives mixture enhances the lactational performance, feed utilization and ruminal fermentation of Friesian cows. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 32:708-718. [PMID: 32248772 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1746322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The assay aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding a recently developed phytogenic feed additives mixture in diets of lactating Friesian cows (n = 30; 514 ± 10.1 kg body weight) for 3 months. Cows were stratified into three groups of 10 cows each and fed a control diet alone or the control diet supplemented with the additives mixture at 3 g (PHY3) or 6 g (PHY6)/cow daily. Menthol, levomenthol, β-linaloolm, anethole, hexadecanoic acid and p-menthane were the principle compounds identified in the additives mixture. The PHY3 increased (p < 0.01) intake and nutrient digestibility. PHY3 and PHY6 increased (p < 0.01) ruminal pH, total volatile fatty acids, propionate and acetate. PHY3 and PHY6 improved serum total protein and antioxidant capacity and decreased the concentrations of serum urea-N, triglycerides, total lipids, cholesterol and malondialdehyde (p < 0.05). PHY3 increased milk production and milk content of total solids, protein, lactose and fat. Both PHY3 and PHY6 did not affect mineral concentrations in blood or milk. It is concluded that the inclusion of 3 g/cow/d of feed additives mixture in the lactating Friesian cows diet enhanced milk production and feed utilization, with negative effects observed with increasing the dose of additives mixture to 6 g/cow daily.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Kholif
- Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - A A Hassan
- Agriculture Research Centre, Animal Production Research Institute, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ghada M El Ashry
- Regional Centre for Food and Feed, Agriculture Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - M H Bakr
- Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - H M El-Zaiat
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Sultan Qaboos University, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Al-Khod, Oman
| | - O A Olafadehan
- Department of Animal Science, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - O H Matloup
- Dairy Science Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - S M A Sallam
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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7
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Sange MD, Becker A, Hassan AA, Bülte M, Ganter M, Siebert U, Abdulmawjood A. Development and validation of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay-a rapid and sensitive detection tool for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in small ruminants. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:47-58. [PMID: 31002199 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to design an assay for the identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) to be used in faeces and milk samples of small ruminants with a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) system, as a time-saving and user-friendly method in contrast to real-time PCR. METHODS AND RESULTS For the detection of MAP in milk and faeces of small ruminants, we developed a set of primers, specific for the target gene ISMap02. The analytical sensitivity of LAMP, when targeting ISMap02, showed a DNA detection limit of 10 fg μl-1 . After performing spiking experiments with two MAP reference strains, DSM 44133 and ATCC 19698T , the limit of detection, using the LAMP protocol described herein were 3·8 MAP CFU per ml milk and 12·5 MAP CFU per gram faeces. All LAMP results during the establishment of the assay were compared to those of the real-time PCR results. An internal amplification control was incorporated into the assay to exclude false-negative results produced and had no significant negative impact on the analytical sensitivity. Validation of the assay was confirmed by testing field samples of faeces and revising the results with real-time PCR. CONCLUSION Our study conducted the first MAP detection system with a LAMP targeting ISMap02. Due to the positive results we encourage the use of LAMP in combination with ISMap02, when detecting MAP in faeces samples, as an alternative to targeting other genes as f57 or IS900. Further research on MAP detection in different matrices like raw milk, tissue or sperm with this system is recommended. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study provides new achievements in MAP diagnostic. Especially small ruminants do not show signs of diarrhoea until the terminal stage of the illness. The greatest task in fighting MAP is to rule out animals, which shed MAP with faeces and milk before showing symptoms of Johne's disease. Worldwide there is a need to eradicate animals, which are low MAP shedders to stop the illness spreading in animal holdings. MAP detection with LAMP is time saving, easy to use, does not need expensive equipment, as, for example, PCR kits and can be used without access to laboratories. The target gene ISMap02 was shown to be a specific insertion element for MAP and is a reliable aim in future MAP detection studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Sange
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Becker
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - A A Hassan
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - M Bülte
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Justus-Liebig-University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - M Ganter
- Clinic for Swine, Small Ruminants and Forensic Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - U Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
| | - A Abdulmawjood
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany
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8
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Hassan AA, Maldonado RF, Dos Santos SC, Di Lorenzo F, Silipo A, Coutinho CP, Cooper VS, Molinaro A, Valvano MA, Sá-Correia I. Structure of O-Antigen and Hybrid Biosynthetic Locus in Burkholderia cenocepacia Clonal Variants Recovered from a Cystic Fibrosis Patient. Front Microbiol 2017. [PMID: 28642745 PMCID: PMC5462993 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen associated with chronic lung infections and increased risk of death in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this work, we investigated the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of clinical variants of B. cenocepacia that were collected from a CF patient over a period of 3.5 years, from the onset of infection until death by necrotizing pneumonia (cepacia syndrome). We report the chemical structure of the LPS molecule of various sequential isolates and the identification of a novel hybrid O-antigen (OAg) biosynthetic cluster. The OAg repeating unit of the LPS from IST439, the initial isolate, is a [→2)-β-D-Ribf-(1→4)-α-D-GalpNAc-(1→] disaccharide, which was not previously described in B. cenocepacia. The IST439 OAg biosynthetic gene cluster contains 7 of 23 genes that are closely homologous to genes found in B. multivorans, another member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex. None of the subsequent isolates expressed OAg. Genomic sequencing of these isolates enabled the identification of mutations within the OAg cluster, but none of these mutations could be associated with the loss of OAg. This study provides support to the notion that OAg LPS modifications are an important factor in the adaptation of B. cenocepacia to chronic infection and that the heterogeneity of OAgs relates to variation within the OAg gene cluster, indicating that the gene cluster might have been assembled through multiple horizontal transmission events.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Rita F Maldonado
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra C Dos Santos
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Flaviana Di Lorenzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II Complesso Universitário Monte SantangeloNapoli, Italy
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II Complesso Universitário Monte SantangeloNapoli, Italy
| | - Carla P Coutinho
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
| | - Vaughn S Cooper
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PittsburghPA, United States
| | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II Complesso Universitário Monte SantangeloNapoli, Italy
| | - Miguel A Valvano
- The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University BelfastBelfast, United Kingdom
| | - Isabel Sá-Correia
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de LisboaLisboa, Portugal
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9
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Abdulmawjood A, Wickhorst J, Hashim O, Sammra O, Hassan AA, Alssahen M, Lämmler C, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Klein G. Application of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for molecular identification of Trueperella pyogenes isolated from various origins. Mol Cell Probes 2016; 30:205-210. [PMID: 27242007 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study 28 Trueperella pyogenes strains isolated from various origins could successfully be identified with a newly designed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay based on gene cpn60 encoding chaperonin. No cross reaction could be observed with control strains representing four species of genus Trueperella and seven species of closely related genus Arcanobacterium. The present cpn60 LAMP assay might allow a reliable and low cost identification of T. pyogenes also in laboratories with less specified equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Abdulmawjood
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
| | - J Wickhorst
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schubertstr 81, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - O Hashim
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - O Sammra
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schubertstr 81, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - A A Hassan
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schubertstr 81, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - M Alssahen
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schubertstr 81, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - C Lämmler
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Schubertstr 81, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - E Prenger-Berninghoff
- Institut für Hygiene und Infektionskrankheiten der Tiere, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Frankfurterstr. 85-91, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - G Klein
- Institute of Food Quality and Food Safety, Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bischofsholer Damm 15, 30173 Hannover, Germany
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10
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Antwi C, Osafo ELK, Fisher DS, Yacout HM, Donkoh A, Hassan AA, Sobhy SMM, Adu-Dapaah H, Salem AZM. Effect of pesticides applied in cowpea production on rumen microbial fermentation of cowpea haulms as reflected in in vitro gas production. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v44i3.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Abu Zeinah GF, Al-Kindi SG, Hassan AA, Allam A. Hyponatraemia in cancer: association with type of cancer and mortality. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2014; 24:224-31. [PMID: 24661476 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hyponatraemia is common in patients with cancer. The objectives of this study are to investigate the severity distribution of hyponatraemia and its association with mortality. We retrospectively reviewed medical records for patients admitted to a national centre for cancer care and research in Qatar between 2008 and 2012. A model was built through multivariate analyses to investigate the role of hyponatraemia in mortality. Patients were grouped into those who had moderate-severe hyponatraemia (Na < 130) and those who only had normal-mild hyponatraemia (Na ≥ 130). A total of 2048 patients were included in this study. Prostate (57.1%), pancreatic (50%), liver (49%) and lung (40.2%) cancers showed the highest frequency of moderate-severe hyponatraemia, while breast cancer showed the lowest frequency at 23.5%. In the multivariate analyses, patients with moderate-severe hyponatraemia (Na < 130 mmol/L) were 4.28 times more likely to die than those with normal-mild hyponatraemia (Na ≥ 130) (P < 0.05). The present study shows that hyponatraemia is a common electrolyte disturbance among hospitalised patients with cancer diagnoses. The severity of hyponatraemia was a statistically significant independent factor associated with higher in-hospital mortality. This is in accordance with the reported literature and emphasises the importance of early diagnosis and correction of hyponatraemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Abu Zeinah
- Department of Internal Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY
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12
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Abstract
We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study to evaluate the impact of body mass index (BMI) on maternal medical disorders, progress of labour, mode of delivery and neonatal outcome in Cairo University hospital between September 2012 and March 2013. A total of 574 parturients were divided into two groups: group A with a BMI < 30 and group B with a BMI ≥ 30. A statistically significant difference was found in favour of group B, regarding medical disorders, especially gestational hypertension and pre- eclampsia (p < 0.001), caesarean deliveries (p < 0.001) and neonatal birth weight (p = 0.001). There was no difference regarding gestational age at delivery, progress of labour (cervical dilatation, cervical effacement, duration of first and second stage of labour) and neonatal outcome (Apgar score at 1 and 5 min and neonatal deaths). Our conclusion is that increased maternal BMI is associated with an increased incidence of medical disorders during pregnancy, caesarean section rate and fatal macrosomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Shaban
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Egypt
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13
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Hijazin M, Hassan AA, Alber J, Lämmler C, Timke M, Kostrzewa M, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Zschöck M. Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for species identification of bacteria of genera Arcanobacterium and Trueperella. Vet Microbiol 2011; 157:243-5. [PMID: 22270885 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present study matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was evaluated for species identification of 98 bacteria previously classified phenotypically and genotypically to genera Arcanobacterium and Trueperella. Species identification was carried out by comparing the main spectra of each strain with the main spectra of reference strains of both genera and 3740 database entries included in the MALDI Biotyper 2.0 software package (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany). MALDI-TOF MS correctly identified (log (score) values ≥ 2.0) all investigated strains of the species A. (T.) bialowiezense (n=3), A. (T.) bonasi (n=7), A. haemolyticum (n=10), A. pluranimalium (n=1) and A. (T.) pyogenes (n=77). According to the present results MALDI-TOF MS had a comparable discriminating power than previously conducted tests on DNA level. Further studies with strains isolated from human infections would show the robustness of MALDI-TOF MS for identification of bacteria of these genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hijazin
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 107, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Hassan AA, Akinsanya B, Iyase N, Owagboriaye FO. Assessment of loiasis and outcomes of ivermectin masstreatment in Ijebu-North, Nigeria. Korean J Parasitol 2011; 49:153-9. [PMID: 21738271 PMCID: PMC3121072 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2011.49.2.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A total of 286 individuals from 3 selected communities (Areedi-Aje, Ipakodo/Ojokodo, and Ijebu-Igbo) of Ijebu-North, southwestern Nigeria were examined for Loa loa microfilaremia using finger prick blood smear, between December 2008 and March 2009. Rapid assessment procedure for loiasis (RAPLOA) was used to obtain information, from 187 Ijebu-Igbo residents, on adverse reactions experienced from retrospective treatments with ivermectin and history of eye worm. Only 33.9% of the respondents reported having had a history of eye worm while 33.2% had microfilaremia. The demographic factor of gender was not significant determinants of the prevalence (P>0.05) while age was significant (P<0.05). The highest prevalence of eye worm history and microfilaremia were recorded in 61-70 and 15-20 years of age categories, respectively. Ijebu-Igbo had 27.3% eye worm history, 32.1% microfilaremia, and the highest intensity of 140 microfilariae (mf)/ml. Ipakodo area had the highest eye worm history of 54.4% and the highest intensity of 420 mf/ml. Areedi-Aje had the highest occurrence of 45.2% microfilaremia and the highest intensity of 460 mf/ml. Predictably, Areedi-Aje and Ipakodo areas were high risk communities. The low intensity of L. loa infection with an insignificant (2.1%; P>0.05) adverse reactions from 187 subjects involved in the retrospective ivermectin administration confirmed that ivermectin delivery may be considered safe. The community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) programme was most probably responsible for the low prevalence and intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.
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Hijazin M, Ulbegi-Mohyla H, Alber J, Lämmler C, Hassan AA, Abdulmawjood A, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Weiss R, Zschöck M. Molecular identification and further characterization of Arcanobacterium pyogenes isolated from bovine mastitis and from various other origins. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:1813-9. [PMID: 21426970 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-3678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to identify phenotypically and genotypically 61 Arcanobacterium pyogenes isolated from bovine mastitis and from various other origins. The A. pyogenes isolates showed the typical cultural and biochemical properties of this species and displayed CAMP-like synergistic hemolytic activities with various indicator strains. The species identity could be confirmed genotypically by amplification and sequencing of the superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA of reference strains representing 8 species of genus Arcanobacterium and subsequent design of A. pyogenes sodA gene-specific oligonucleotide primer. The A. pyogenes sodA gene-specific oligonucleotide primer allowed, together with previously described A. pyogenes 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region-specific oligonucleotide primer, a reliable molecular identification of all 61 A. pyogenes of various origins. The additionally performed PCR-mediated amplification of 5 known and putative virulence factor encoding genes revealed that 100, 20, 87, 75, and 98% of the A. pyogenes carried the genes plo, cbpA, nanH, nanP, and fimA, which allowed an individual strain characterization. This might help to elucidate the role the putative virulence factors play in bovine mastitis and in various other infections caused by this bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hijazin
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Frankfurter Str. 107, 35392 Gießen, Germany
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Ulbegi-Mohyla H, Hijazin M, Alber J, Lämmler C, Hassan AA, Abdulmawjood A, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Weiss R, Zschöck M. Identification of Arcanobacterium pyogenes isolated by post mortem examinations of a bearded dragon and a gecko by phenotypic and genotypic properties. J Vet Sci 2010; 11:265-7. [PMID: 20706035 PMCID: PMC2924489 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2010.11.3.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to identify phenotypically and genotypically two Arcanobacterium (A.) pyogenes strains isolated by post mortem examinations of a bearded dragon and a gecko. The A. pyogenes strains showed the typical biochemical properties and displayed CAMP-like synergistic hemolytic activities with various indicator strains. The species identity could be confirmed genotypically by amplification and sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene and, as novel target gene, by sequencing of the beta subunit of RNA polymerase encoding gene rpoB, of both strains and of reference strains representing nine species of the genus Arcanobacterium. The species identity of the two A. pyogenes strains could additionally be confirmed by PCR mediated amplification of species specific parts of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region, the pyolysin encoding gene plo and by amplification of the collagen-binding protein encoding gene cbpA. All these molecular targets might help to improve the future identification and further characterization of A. pyogenes which, as demonstrated in the present study, could also be isolated from reptile specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ulbegi-Mohyla
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giebetaen, Frankfurter Str. 107, 35392 Giebetaen, Germany
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Akinsanya B, Hassan AA, Adeogun AO. Gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the fish Synodontis clarias (Siluriformes: Mochokidae) from Lekki lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. REV BIOL TROP 2009; 56:2021-6. [PMID: 19419098 DOI: 10.15517/rbt.v56i4.5776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 362 specimens of the fish Synodontis clarias were randomly selected and subjected to parasitological examination for helminth parasites. They were collected over a period of one year from Lekki lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. The prevalence of gastrointestinal infection was 38.7%. The helminth worms found include two cestodes, Proteocephalus spp., Wenyonia acuminata, and a nematode species, Raphidascaroides. Male specimens (196) presented a higher rate of infection (37.8%) than female specimens (166) which showed a rate of 23.5%. The overall worm burden was high (678) and it was independent of fish sex and fish size.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Akinsanya
- Department of Zoology, Parasitology Unit, University of Lagos, Nigeria.
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18
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Ulbegi-Mohyla H, Hassan AA, Kanbar T, Alber J, Lämmler C, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Weiss R, Siebert U, Zschöck M. Synergistic and antagonistic hemolytic activities of bacteria of genus Arcanobacterium and CAMP-like hemolysis of Arcanobacterium phocae and Arcanobacterium haemolyticum with Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus. Res Vet Sci 2009; 87:186-8. [PMID: 19249067 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2009.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2008] [Revised: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A total of 57 bacteria representing eight species of genus Arcanobacterium (A.) were investigated for hemolytic properties on blood agar containing sheep and rabbit blood and for CAMP-like reactions. An enhanced hemolysis on blood agar containing rabbit blood compared to sheep blood could be observed for A. haemolyticum, less pronounced for A. hippocoleae and A. pluranimalium. A synergistic hemolytic reaction with staphylococcal beta-hemolysin appeared to be constantly visible for A. hippocoleae, A. pluranimalium and A. pyogenes, with Streptococcus agalactiae for A. phocae and A. haemolyticum, with Rhodococcus equi for A. phocae, A. haemolyticum, A. pluranimalium and A. pyogenes and with A. haemolyticum for A. hippocoleae, A. pluranimalium and A. pyogenes, respectively. A reverse CAMP-reaction in the zone of staphylococcal beta-hemolysin could be observed for A.phocae and A.haemolyticum. In addition, a novel CAMP-like reaction could be noted between Psychrobacter phenylpyruvicus, identified by 16S rDNA sequencing, and A. phocae and A. haemolyticum. These synergistic or antagonistic hemolytic properties could possibly be used as additional criteria for identification of bacteria of genus Arcanobacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ulbegi-Mohyla
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Frankfurter Str 107, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is a growing public health problem both in developing and developed nations. The prevalence of diabetes globally is projected to rise from 2.8% in 2000 to 4.4% in 2030. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of diabetes in Dakace village, near Zaria METHOD This study was part of a larger study to assess the prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors among adults in Dakace village, near Zaria. Out of a total of 492 eligible respondents for the study, a subsample of 199 persons was recruited using a systematic sampling technique had their fasting blood glucose levels determined. Body mass indices of the participants were also determined. RESULTS A total of 199 subjects (94 males and 105 females) participated in this segment of the study Three subjects had fasting blood glucose (FBG) of more than 7.0 mmol/L; one participant a previously known diabetic on medication had a good glycaemic control. The overall prevalence of diabetes was 2.0%.Five participants (2.5%) had impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Among the diabetics, one was overweight (BMI = 27.43 Kg/m2) and one was obese (BMI = 31.55 Kg/m2), while among those with impaired fasting glucose two were overweight. Forty-three subjects (21.6%) were overweight and 15 (7.5%) were obese. CONCLUSION The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in this semi-urban community is keeping with what had been reported earlier from across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Dahiru
- Dept of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria.
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Akinsanya B, Hassan AA, Otubanjo OA. A comparative study of the parasitic helminth fauna of Gymnarchus niloticus (Gymnarchidae) and Heterotis niloticus (Osteoglossidae) from Lekki Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria. Pak J Biol Sci 2009; 10:427-32. [PMID: 19069513 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2007.427.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study of the gut helminthes of Gymnarchus niloticus and Heterotis niloticus were undertaken. A total of 38 fishes comprising of 20 Gymnarchus niloticus and 18 Heterotis niloticus were examined for helminth parasites. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth infections was 34.2%, which implied that 13 of the specimens examined were infected with parasites. A total of 18 parasites were recovered from the fish specimens. The male specimens of Heterotis niloticus had 38.9% prevalence of infections while the male specimens of Gymnarchus niloticus had 0% prevalence of infections. The female specimens of the two fishes had 50% prevalence of infections. Gymnarchus niloticus harboured two nematodes; Raphidascaroides species in the stomach and the Philometrids, Nilonema gymnarchi, in the intestine. Heterotis niloticus were infected with a trematode Brevimulticaecum heterotis in the liver and Tenuisentis niloticus and Sandonella sandoni in the intestine. The worm burden and intensity were low and independent of sex and age of fish with no seasonal variation in parasite intensity observed. The low prevalence of infection is possibly due to the randomness of specimens' selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Akinsanya
- Department of Zoology, Parasitology Unit, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, P.O. Box 216, Nigeria
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Hassan AA, Vossen A, Lämmler C, Siebert U, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. PCR amplification of species specific sequences of 16S rDNA and 16S–23S rDNA intergenic spacer region for identification of Streptococcus phocae. Microbiol Res 2008; 163:132-5. [PMID: 16793248 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2006.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus phocae, a bacterial pathogen of seals, could reliably be identified by PCR amplification using oligonucleotide primers designed according to species specific segments of the previously sequenced 16S rRNA gene and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region of this species. The PCR mediated assay allowed an identification of S. phocae isolated from harbor and gray seals and from Atlantic salmons. No cross-reaction could be observed with 13 different other streptococcal species and subspecies and with Lactococcus garvieae strains investigated for control purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Institut für Tierärztliche Nahrungsmittelkunde, Professur für Milchwissenschaften, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Ludwigstr. 21, 35390 Giessen, Germany
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Settin A, Nassar S, Abdel-Latif A, Elbaz R, El-Mongy S, Hassan AA, Hassan AM. Association of cytokine gene polymorphism with susceptibility and clinical types of leprosy. Int J Health Sci (Qassim) 2007; 1:25-33. [PMID: 21475449 PMCID: PMC3068657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are implicated in development and prognosis of leprosy so the genetic regulation of such cytokines could play an important role. OBJECTIVE . This study was planned for testing the association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with susceptibility and clinical types of leprosy among Egyptian cases. SUBJECTS This study included 47 cases (29 men, 18 females, mean age = 46.3 years) with leprosy in addition to 98 healthy unrelated controls (52 males, 46 females, mean age = 44.9 years). Cases were recruited from Leprosy Clinics, Delta region of Egypt. Cases were classified into paucibacillary (PB) (n = 17; 10 males, 7 females; mean age 42.6 years) and multibacillary (MB) (n = 29; 19 males, 10 females; mean age 43.9 years). METHODS For all cases and controls, DNA was extracted and amplified using polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) for detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter regions of cytokine genes, TNF-α-308 (G/A), IL-10-1082(G/A), IL-6-174(G/C) as well as IL-1RaVNTR in intron 2 of the gene. RESULTS COMPARED TO CONTROLS, ALL CASES HAVE SHOWN INCREASED FREQUENCY OF HOMOZYGOUS GENOTYPES : IL-10-1082 (GG) (Odds ratio 6.6, P <0.05), homozygous TNF-α-308 (GG) (Odds ratio =3.23), and homozygous IL-1Ra (11) (Odds ratio = 3.6, P<0.05) with increased frequency of IL10 G and ILRa 1 alleles (P<0.05). BP subgroup showed increased frequency of homozygous IL-10-1082 (GG) (Odds ratio = 18.6, P<0.05) with increased frequency of IL10 G allele (P<0.05). On the other hand, MB subgroup showed increased frequency of homozygous TNF-α-308 (GG) (Odds ratio = 5.84, P<0.05) and homozygous IL-1Ra (11) (Odds ratio = 4, P<0.05) with increased frequency of IL-1Ra 1 allele (P<0.05). There is predominance for heterozygous IL-6-174 (G/C) polymorphism in all studies patient subgroups as well as controls with no significant difference among them. CONCLUSION Genetic polymorphisms related to TNF-α-308 and IL-10-1082 and IL-1Ra may be used as genetic markers for susceptibility and clinical outcome of leprosy among Egyptian cases from the Nile Delta.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Settin
- Genetics Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University
| | - S Nassar
- Dermatology and Venereology Department, Tanta and
| | | | - R Elbaz
- Genetics Unit, Children Hospital, Mansoura University
| | | | | | - AM Hassan
- Microbiology Department, Tanta University
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Voytenko AV, Kanbar T, Alber J, Lämmler C, Weiss R, Prenger-Berninghoff E, Zschöck M, Akineden O, Hassan AA, Dmitrenko OA. Identification of Staphylococcus hyicus by polymerase chain reaction mediated amplification of species specific sequences of superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA. Vet Microbiol 2006; 116:211-6. [PMID: 16678982 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2006] [Revised: 03/06/2006] [Accepted: 03/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A species specific PCR test, based on manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA, was developed for the identification of Staphylococcus hyicus, an important bacterial pathogen in pigs. The designed primers allowed a rapid and reliable identification of phenotypically characterized S. hyicus, isolated in Russia, Germany and Denmark. No cross reactivities could be observed investigating staphylococcal reference strains representing 18 different species and subspecies. The use of the described primers might improve a future diagnosis of this bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Voytenko
- Kovalenko Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, Kurskaya Str. 4, 308002 Belgorod, Russia
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Alber J, El-Sayed A, Lämmler C, Hassan AA, Weiss R, Zschöck M. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction for identification and differentiation of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus and Streptococcus equi subsp. equi. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 51:455-8. [PMID: 15606870 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.2004.00799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The closely related streptococcal species Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus and S. equi subsp. equi were identified by polymerase chain reaction using oligonucleotide primers designed according to species-specific parts of the superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA. A further differentiation of both subspecies could be performed by amplification of the genes seeH and seeI encoding the exotoxins SeeH and SeeI, respectively, which could be detected for S. equi subsp. equi but not for S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus. A further simplification of the identification and differentiation of both subspecies was conducted by sodA-seeI multiplex polymerase chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alber
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Frankfurterstr. 107, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Hassan AA, Widdershoven J, Molenaar MA, Winter J. Piercing the left lung with a pacemaker lead, an uncommon complication. Neth Heart J 2004; 12:537-539. [PMID: 25696285 PMCID: PMC2497210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although percutaneous insertion of pacemaker leads is a simple and safe method, it remains a procedure with a relatively high complication rate. We describe an uncommon and avoidable complication of this technique: piercing the lung with a pacemaker lead in an obese patient after direct puncture of the subclavian vein.
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Alber J, El-Sayed A, Lämmler C, Hassan AA, Vossen A, Siebert U. Determination of species-specific sequences of superoxide dismutase A encoding gene sodA and chaperonin 60 encoding gene cpn60 for identification and phylogenetic analysis of Streptococcus phocae. Vet Microbiol 2004; 101:117-22. [PMID: 15172694 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2003] [Revised: 03/03/2004] [Accepted: 03/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Species-specific PCR tests, based on the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase A encoding gene (sodA) and the chaperonin 60 encoding gene (cpn60), were developed for the identification of Streptococcus phocae, a bacterial pathogen of seals. The selection of both oligonucleotide primer pairs was performed after amplification and sequencing of internal parts of both genes using universal oligonucleotide primers. The sequence studies of both genes additionally confirmed that S. phocae could taxonomically be classified to the pyogenic group of the genus Streptococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alber
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 107, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Alber J, El-Sayed A, Lämmler C, Hassan AA, Zschöck M. Polymerase chain reaction mediated identification of Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus parauberis using species-specific sequences of the genes encoding superoxide dismutase A and chaperonin 60*. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 51:180-4. [PMID: 15228553 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.2004.00753.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus uberis, a well-known bacterial pathogen associated with bovine mastitis, appears to be biochemically and serologically almost indistinguishable from the closely related species Streptococcus parauberis. In the present study, species-specific oligonucleotide primers were designed using internal parts of the genes sodA, encoding superoxide dismutase A, and cpn60 encoding chaperonin 60 of S. uberis and S. parauberis, respectively. The two oligonucleotide primer pairs allowed a rapid and reliable PCR-mediated identification and differentiation of both species. These studies, performed with S. uberis and S. parauberis reference cultures and clinical isolates from routine diagnostics, revealed that the occurrence of S. parauberis as causative agent of bovine mastitis appears to be rare. In addition the sodA and cpn60 sequence data confirmed that both species could taxonomically be classified to the pyogenic group of genus Streptococcus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alber
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Frankfurterstr. 107, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Khan IU, Hassan AA, Abdulmawjood A, Lämmler C, Wolter W, Zschöck M. Identification and epidemiological characterization of Streptococcus uberis isolated from bovine mastitis using conventional and molecular methods. J Vet Sci 2003; 4:213-24. [PMID: 14685025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study 130 S. uberis strains and one S. parauberis strain isolated from bovine milk samples of 58 different farms of various locations in Hesse, Germany, as well as two reference strains of each species were comparatively investigated for cultural, biochemical, serological and molecular properties. All S. uberis strains produced the enzyme beta-D-glucuronidase, while the S. parauberis strains were negative. The S. uberis and S. parauberis 16S rRNA genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subsequently digested with the restriction enzymes RsaI and AvaII yielding species-specific restriction patterns. Both species were additionally identified by amplifying species-specific parts of the genes encoding the 16S rRNA, the 23S rRNA and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region, respectively. The CAMP factor gene cfu, a potential virulence factor of S. uberis, was amplified, corresponding to a phenotypically positive CAMP-reaction, using cfu-specific oligonucleotide primers. In addition the streptokinase/plasminogen activator encoding genes skc/pauA, a second potential virulence factor, could be amplified for 126 of the 130 S. uberis but not for S. parauberis. A DNA fingerprinting of S. uberis strains, performed by macrorestriction analysis of their chromosomal DNA by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, revealed that most of the isolates were not related to each other. However, identical DNA patterns were noted for some of the isolates within different quarters of an individual cow and also for different cows within the same farm. The generally unrelated DNA patterns indicated that S. uberis is a pathogen with multiple environmental habitats and that infections are caused by a great variety of strains.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cattle
- DNA Fingerprinting
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal Spacer/genetics
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field
- Female
- Germany/epidemiology
- Glucuronidase/metabolism
- Mastitis, Bovine/epidemiology
- Mastitis, Bovine/microbiology
- Milk/microbiology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/chemistry
- RNA, Ribosomal, 23S/genetics
- Streptococcal Infections/epidemiology
- Streptococcal Infections/microbiology
- Streptococcal Infections/veterinary
- Streptococcus/genetics
- Streptococcus/growth & development
- Streptococcus/isolation & purification
- Streptococcus/metabolism
- Virulence Factors/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- I U Khan
- Department of Environmental Health, Toxicology Division, 3223 Eden Ave, University of Cincinnati, Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056, USA
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Hassan AA, Khan IU, Lammler C. Identification of Streptococcus dysgalactiae strains of Lancefield's group C, G and L by polymerase chain reaction. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2003; 50:161-5. [PMID: 12916688 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2003.00650.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus dysgalactiae serogroup C, G and L strains were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using oligonucleotide primers designed according to species-specific parts of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region. The oligonucleotide primers with specificity for the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region allowed a correct identification of all S. dysgalactiae serogroups C, G and L strains investigated. No cross-reactivities could be observed with any of the control strains indicating the usefulness of PCR-technology to identify the serologically heterogeneous species S. dysgalactiae.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Hassan AA, Khan IU, Abdulmawjood A, Lämmler C. Inter- and intraspecies variations of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region of various streptococcal species. Syst Appl Microbiol 2003; 26:97-103. [PMID: 12747416 DOI: 10.1078/072320203322337371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer regions (ISR) of different streptococcal species and subspecies were amplified with primers derived from the highly conserved flanking regions of the 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes. The single sized amplicons showed a uniform pattern for S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (serogroup C), S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (serogroup G), S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (serogroup L), S. canis, S. phocae, S. uberis, S. parauberis, S. pyogenes and S. equi subsp. equi, respectively. The amplicons of S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus, S. porcinus and S. suis appeared with 3, 5 and 3 different sizes, respectively. ISR of selected strains of each species or subspecies investigated were sequenced and multiple aligned. This allowed a separation of ISR into regions, with 7 regions for S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (serogroup C), S. dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis (serogroup G), S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae (serogroup L), S. canis, S. phocae, S. pyogenes and S. suis, 8 regions for S. uberis and S. parauberis and mostly 9 regions for S. equi subsp. equi, S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus and S. porcinus. Region 4, encoding the transfer RNA for alanine (tRNA(Ala)), was present and identical for all isolates investigated. The size and sequence of ISR appears to be a unique marker for streptococci of various species and subspecies and could be used for bacterial identification. In addition the size and sequence variations of ISR of S. equi subsp. zooepidemicus, S. porcinus and S. suis allows a molecular typing of isolates of these species possibly useful in epidemiological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Institut für Tierärztliche Nahrungsmittelkunde, Professur für Milchwissenschaften der Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Abstract
Streptococcus canis isolates, also including S. canis of artificially contaminated milk, could be identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using oligonucleotide primers designed according to species-specific parts of the 16S rRNA gene and, after sequencing, according to S. canis-specific parts of the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region and with oligonucleotide primers detecting an internal fragment of the group G streptococcal CAMP factor gene cfg. The 16S rRNA gene- and CAMP factor gene cfg-specific oligonucleotide primers could be used together in a multiplex PCR. No cross-reactivities could be observed with other group G streptococcal isolates or with any of the other control strains of various streptococcal species and serogroups. The PCR methods presented in this study allowed a rapid and reliable identification of S. canis and might help to improve the diagnosis of this bacterial species in animal and human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Institut für Tierärztliche Nahrungsmittelkunde, Professur für Milchwissenschaften, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Ludwig Str. 21, 35390, Giessen, Germany
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Khan IU, Hassan AA, Abdulmawjood A, Lammler C, Wolter W, Zschock M. Identification and epidemiological characterization of Streptococcus uberis isolated from bovine mastitis using conventional and molecular methods. J Vet Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2003.4.3.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I U Khan
- Department of Environmental Health, Toxicology Division, 3223 Eden Ave, University of Cincinnati, Medical Center. Cincinnati OH, 45267-0056, USA
| | - A A Hassan
- Department of Environmental Health, Toxicology Division, 3223 Eden Ave, University of Cincinnati, Medical Center. Cincinnati OH, 45267-0056, USA
| | - A Abdulmawjood
- Department of Environmental Health, Toxicology Division, 3223 Eden Ave, University of Cincinnati, Medical Center. Cincinnati OH, 45267-0056, USA
| | - C Lammler
- Department of Environmental Health, Toxicology Division, 3223 Eden Ave, University of Cincinnati, Medical Center. Cincinnati OH, 45267-0056, USA
| | - W Wolter
- Department of Environmental Health, Toxicology Division, 3223 Eden Ave, University of Cincinnati, Medical Center. Cincinnati OH, 45267-0056, USA
| | - M Zschock
- Department of Environmental Health, Toxicology Division, 3223 Eden Ave, University of Cincinnati, Medical Center. Cincinnati OH, 45267-0056, USA
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Hassan AA, Akineden O, Lämmler C, Huber-Schlenstedt R. Molecular characterization of phenotypically CAMP-negative Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from bovine mastitis. J Vet Med B Infect Dis Vet Public Health 2002; 49:257-9. [PMID: 12121048 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0450.2002.00553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study three phenotypically CAMP-negative Streptococcus agalactiae, isolated from three cows with mastitis, were characterized by molecular analysis. An identification of the S. agalactiae was performed by conventional methods and by PCR amplification of species specific parts of the 16S rRNA gene and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region. In addition all three phenotypically CAMP-negative isolates harboured a normal sized CAMP-factor encoding cfb gene indicating a reduced expression of CAMP-factor or a gene defect elsewhere along the pathway of expression. The clonal identity of the three isolates could be demonstrated by macrorestriction analysis of their chromosomal DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Institut für Tierärztliche Nahrungsmittelkunde, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany
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34
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Annemüller C, Hassan AA, Lämmler C, Wolter W, Zschöck M. Toxin genes and other characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk of cows with mastitis. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2001; 8:959-64. [PMID: 11527811 PMCID: PMC96179 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.8.5.959-964.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, 103 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from milk samples from 60 cows with mastitis from eight different farms in seven different locations in one region of Germany were compared pheno- and genotypically and by identification of various toxins. On the basis of culture and hemolytic properties and by determination of the tube coagulase reaction, all of the isolates could be identified as S. aureus. This could be confirmed by PCR amplification of species-specific parts of the gene encoding the 23S rRNA. In addition, all of the S. aureus isolates harbored the genes encoding staphylococcal coagulase and clumping factor and the genes encoding the X region and the immunoglobulin G binding region of protein A. These four genes displayed size polymorphisms. By PCR amplification, the genes for the toxins staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA), SEC, SED, SEG, SEI, SEJ, and TSST-1 but not those for SEB, SEE, SEH, and the exfoliative toxins ETA and ETB could be detected. To analyze the epidemiological relationships, the isolates were subjected to DNA fingerprinting by macrorestriction analysis of their chromosomal DNAs. According to the observed gene polymorphisms, the toxin patterns, and the information given by macrorestriction analysis of the isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, a limited number of clones seemed to be responsible for the cases of bovine mastitis on the various farms.
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35
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El-Badawy AA, Hassan AA, El-Nagaar SA, El Gohary SS, Refat A, Refat AA. Identification of factors and groups at risk of infection with Schistosoma mansoni in urban Sharkia Governorate. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 2001; 31:491-500. [PMID: 11478448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The main objective is to determine the relationship between biological, socioeconomic and behavioral factors and the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni in urban areas. Sharkia Governorate was stratified according to the population size into large and small sized cities. A questionnaire was used to collect information on each individual included in the study and specimens of stool were also collected and examined parasitologically for the detection of S. mansoni eggs. Those found infected were treated with praziquantal. The overall prevalence was 6.8% ranging from 2.8% in large sized cities to 10.3% in small sized ones. The geometric mean egg count was almost similar in both types of cities (45.8 eggs per gm stool). Univariate and multivariate analysis identified several variables that were associated with the occurrence of S. mansoni infection in both large and small sized cities. groups at risk of being infected were identified. The data of the present study are valuable in finding some of the risk factors responsible for the occurrence of schistosomiasis in urban areas as well as for finding the high risk groups, all of which are important for planning the needed control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A El-Badawy
- Department of Community, Environmental & Occupational Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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36
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Hassan AA, Rahman WA, Rashid MZ, Shahrem MR, Adanan CR. Composition and biting activity of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) attracted to human bait in a malaria endemic village in peninsular Malaysia near the Thailand border. J Vector Ecol 2001; 26:70-75. [PMID: 11469187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nine species of Anopheles mosquitoes were collected biting humans indoors and outdoors in a malaria endemic village in northern Peninsular Malaysia. Outdoor biting was higher than that observed indoors. Biting of An. maculatus was observed throughout the night. Peak indoor biting occurred at 2130 h while outdoor biting was higher after midnight. Outdoor biting of Anopheles barbirostris and An. sinensis was observed throughout the night with several peaks after the second half of the night. Outdoor biting activities of An. kochi and An. philippinensis were primarily active after dusk and steadily declined after 2130 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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37
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el-Rahman AR, Monib MES, Hassan AA, Ghanam ME, Shataat MA, el-Damarany M. Studies on the megatrypanum trypanosomes of the Egyptian bat (Pipistrellum kuhli) from Sohag Governorate, Egypt. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 2001; 31:87-93. [PMID: 12557932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Out of 150 Egyptian bats (Pipistrellus Kuhli) hunted in the premises of Sohag City, 60 (40%) were harbouring typanosomes of the subgenus Megatypanum (Hoare, 1964). They were T. M. heybergi (Rodhian, 1923), T. M. possoai (Dean and Sugary, 1963) and T. M. magadermae (Wenyon, 1990).
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Affiliation(s)
- A R el-Rahman
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Sohag, Egypt
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38
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Ghanam ME, Shataat MA, Monib MES, Hassan AA, Younis AI. Evaluation of the role of some parasitic infections as a cause of acute and chronic hepatic diseases. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 2001; 31:37-42. [PMID: 12557927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
A total of 200 patients with acute and chronic hepatic diseases and 100 apparently normal cross-matched controls were examined for the parasitic cause. The IHAT showed 3% had hydatid cysts, 3% had fascioliasis and 53.5% had schistosomiasis. However, no eggs were detected in the fascioliasis patients and only 4 & 3 cases showed S. mansoni and S. haematobium eggs in stools & urines respectively. ELISA showed 10% with visceral larva migrans & 65.5% with toxoplasmosis (IgG, IgM or both). On the other hand, 27% of the controls showed antibodies against toxoplasmosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Ghanam
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut Branch of Al Azhar University, Egypt
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39
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Hassan AA, Khan IU, Abdulmawjood A, Lämmler C. Evaluation of PCR methods for rapid identification and differentiation of Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus parauberis. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:1618-21. [PMID: 11283100 PMCID: PMC87983 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.4.1618-1621.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2000] [Accepted: 02/06/2001] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus parauberis reference strains and isolates obtained from routine diagnostics were investigated by PCR with oligonucleotide primers designed according to species-specific parts of the 16S rRNA gene, the 23S rRNA gene, and the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region of both species. All three primer pairs allowed an identification of 67 isolates as S. uberis and 4 isolates as S. parauberis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Institut für Tierärztliche Nahrungsmittelkunde, Bakteriologie und Hygiene der Milch, der Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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Stephan R, Annemüller C, Hassan AA, Lämmler C. Characterization of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis in north-east Switzerland. Vet Microbiol 2001; 78:373-82. [PMID: 11182503 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00341-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Thirty-four strains of enterotoxin-producing Staphylococcus aureus obtained from milk samples of 34 dairy cows suffering from mastitis from 34 different farms in north-east Switzerland were identified and further characterized by pheno- and genotypic methods. This included the identification of staphylococcal enterotoxin (SE) types, an antibiotic resistance testing, the appraisal of hemolysis, the egg yolk reaction, the detection of the clumping factor and protein A by means of a latex agglutination, the PCR amplification of a S. aureus specific part of the gene encoding the 16S-23S rRNA "intergenic spacer" region and a species specific part of the 23S rRNA-gene, the PCR amplification of the clumping factor (clfA) gene, the X region and the IgG-binding region of the protein A (spa) gene, the coagulase (coa) gene and additionally a macrorestriction analysis of the chromosomal DNA. Within the 26 cultures which formed a single SE, there were 23 SEC- and three SED-formers. Eight cultures were SEAD formers. It was remarkable that 22 SEC formers were also positive for TSST-1. Eighteen of the 23 SEC-formers could be classified as being of the same phenotype. Most of the cultures of one enterotoxin type also showed a great uniformity in the size and number of repeats of the X region as well as in the size of the IgG-binding region of protein A gene and in the size of the coagulase gene. Macrorestriction analysis revealed 11 PFGE patterns. These were in part only different from each other in a few fragments and thus displayed close clonal relations. The results of the present investigation show that a broad distribution of identical or closely related enterotoxin-producing S. aureus clones seem to contribute to the bovine mastitis problem in north-east Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Stephan
- Institut für Lebensmittelsicherheit und -hygiene der Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 270, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland
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41
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Abdel Mohsen MA, Hassan AA, El-Sewedy SM, Aboul-Azm T, Magagnotti C, Fanelli R, Airoldi L. Human bladder cancer, schistosomiasis, N-nitroso compounds and their precursors. Int J Cancer 2000; 88:682-3. [PMID: 11058890 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0215(20001115)88:4<682::aid-ijc26>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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42
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Hassan AA, Abdulmawjood A, Yildirim AO, Fink K, Lämmler C, Schlenstedt R. Identification of streptococci isolated from various sources by determination of cfb gene and other CAMP-factor genes. Can J Microbiol 2000; 46:946-51. [PMID: 11068682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the CAMP-factor (cfb) gene of streptococci of serological group B (Streptococcus agalactiae) and the CAMP-factor (cfu) gene of S. uberis could be amplified by polymerase chain reaction. A cfb specific amplicon could be observed for all 128 phenotypically CAMP-positive S. agalactiae, for the phenotypically CAMP-negative S. agalactiae strain 74-360, and for 2 S. difficile reference strains. A cfu specific amplicon could be observed for all 7 phenotypically CAMP-positive S. uberis. Four S. agalactiae strains isolated from 4 cows with mastitis appeared to be phenotypically CAMP-negative and negative in the cfb gene PCR. The CAMP-positive and CAMP-negative isolates, including both S. difficile, could be identified as S. agalactiae by amplification of a S. agalactiae specific part of the V2 region of the 16S rRNA and a species-specific part of the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer region. Amplification of an internal fragment of the cfb gene with a reduced annealing temperature yielded positive reactions not only for CAMP-positive S. agalactiae, but also for phenotypically CAMP-positive S. pyogenes (n = 4), S. canis (n = 28), and S. uberis (n = 7), indicating a close relation of the CAMP genes of these 4 species. The relation could be further demonstrated by sequencing the internal fragment of the CAMP-factor (cfg) gene of S. canis and comparing the sequence with those of S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, and S. uberis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Institut für Tierärztliche Nahrungsmittelkunde, Bakteriologie und Hygiene der Milch, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Germany
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Hassan AA, Zaki M, Shoukeir M, Khalil R. T-helper subsets cytokine production in kidney transplant recipients: diverting influences and impact on graft outcome. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2000; 11:161-166. [PMID: 18209308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED A large body of evidence suggests the existence of functionally polarized human T-helper responses based on their profile of cytokine secretion. Human T-helper cell clones can be divided into two mutually exclusive subsets, T-helper cell 1 (Th1) and T-helper cell 2 (Th2). Substantial work in several animal models has demonstrated that allograft rejection is associated with enhanced Th1 activity and tolerance with enhanced Th2. Some studies have not been consistent with this association. In this study, gamma interferon (INF-y) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) levels (as indicators of Th1 and Th2 activity, respectively) were assayed in supernatant of cultured peripheral lymphocytes. The levels of these cytokines were compared between a study group of 26 stable kidney transplant recipients immunosuppressed with cyclosporine A, corticosteroids and azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil, and a control group of 10 healthy blood donors. The mean INF-gamma and IL-4 levels in the control group were considered as the cutoff levels for comparison. Our results showed that 25/26 of the study patients (96%) had low levels of INF-gamma compared to 4/10 of the control subjects (40%), (P< 0.05). However, the IL-4 level was high in 10/26 of the study patients (38%) and 3/10 of the control subjects (30%), not a statistically significant difference, (P>0.05). IN CONCLUSION These results suggest that well-established graft tolerance may be mediated via depressed Th1 activity rather than enhanced Th2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Zagazig University Hospital, Egypt
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Hassan AA, Khalil R. Hepatitis C in dialysis patients in egypt: relationship to dialysis duration, blood transfusion, and liver disease. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2000; 11:72-73. [PMID: 18209303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Nephrology Department, Zagazig University Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
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Hassan AA, Berthoux P, El Deeb S, Bonnevial L, Cecillon S, Berthoux F. Impact of hepatitis C on renal transplantation: a long-term study. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 1999; 10:487-492. [PMID: 18212454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral hepatitis, especially "C" type (HCV), is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among recipients of renal transplants. In a retrospective long-term study, we reviewed 399 renal transplant patients (133F, 266M) who received 415 kidneys during the past eight-years. We evaluated their HCV infection and liver status. Stored sera (frozen at 80 C) as well as fresh sera collected at the time of transplant and/or at the last observation were used. The donors were cadavers in 386 and living related in 29 renal transplants. The mean follow-up period was 74 months (range 24-124 months). At the time of transplantation 105 recipients (26%) were HCV positive. A the last follow-up 105 (26%) recipients remained positive, 12 (2.8%) seroconverted from negative to positive due to graft and/or blood transfusion and 277 remained negative. Liver biopsy was obtained from 71 to 117 (60.6%) HCV +ve patients. Liver biopsy showed normal histology in 57 (80%) patients, chronic active hepatitis in 42 (59%) patients according to scoring of Knodle's classification. Recurrence of glomerulonephritis in renal allografts occurred in 21 patients. Membrano proliferative glomerulonephritis ( PGN) occurred in nine patients; seven (78%) of them were HCV +ve compared to 29% HCV +ve in the whole group (117/399) (P< 0.001). The actuarial patient and graft survival was similar in HCV-ve and HCV +ve patients. We conclude that HCV is an important cause of liver disease in renal allograft recipients, it might be the cause of recurrence of MPGN, however, it affects neither patients nor graft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Nephrology Department, University Hospital of Zagazig, Egypt
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Abdel Mohsen MA, Hassan AA, El-Sewedy SM, Aboul-Azm T, Magagnotti C, Fanelli R, Airoldi L. Biomonitoring of n-nitroso compounds, nitrite and nitrate in the urine of Egyptian bladder cancer patients with or without Schistosoma haematobium infection. Int J Cancer 1999; 82:789-94. [PMID: 10446442 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0215(19990909)82:6<789::aid-ijc3>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The excretion of nitrate, nitrite, apparent total N-nitroso compounds and volatile nitrosamines was measured in 24 hr urine from 61 Egyptians, divided into 4 groups: controls, Schistosoma haematobium-infected patients and bladder cancer patients with and without a history of schistosomal infection. Urinary nitrate in S. haematobium-infected patients was significantly higher than in the other 3 groups. Nitrite was below the detection limit of the method (</=0.015 microgram/mg creatinine) in all but one of the control samples. S. haematobium infection significantly increased urinary nitrite to 0.9 +/- 1.16 microgram/mg creatinine (mean +/- SD, p = 0. 001). In both bladder cancer groups, nitrite was about 20 times that in S. haematobium-infected patients without bladder cancer. Excretion of apparent total N-nitroso compounds paralleled that of nitrite. Overall, a good correlation was observed between these 2 variables (r = 0.71, p = 0.0001). N-nitrosodimethylamine was present in all the samples analyzed. S. haematobium infection significantly increased urinary N-nitrosodimethylamine level compared with that of controls (4.02 +/- 1.61 and 2.04 +/- 2.97 ng/mg creatinine, respectively, p = 0.01). Among cancer patients, N-nitrosodimethylamine was higher than in controls only in those with schistosomal infection. The presence of N-nitroso compounds and N-nitrosodimethylamine in the urine of S. haematobium-infected patients both before and after the development of cancer, and the observation that these compounds also occur in bladder cancer patients with no history of schistosomal infection, suggest that these compounds might have a role not only in the initiation of the carcinogenic process, but also in its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Abdel Mohsen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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Hassan AA, Tagliabue G, Codegoni AM, D'Incalci M, el-Sewedy SM, Airoldi L. Glutathione S-transferase activity and glutathione content in human bladder carcinoma associated with schistosomiasis: comparison with uninvolved surrounding tissues. Cancer Lett 1997; 121:19-23. [PMID: 9459169 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(97)00314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and GSTpi expression were measured in 10 human bladder tumors and adjacent uninvolved specimens from Egyptian patients with a history of schistosomal infection. GSH was higher in the tumor than in surrounding uninvolved tissue (not significant). Total GST activity per mg tissue protein and GSTpi expression were higher in tumor tissues (P < 0.05) than in uninvolved tissues. There was a positive correlation between GST activity and GSH content and between total GST activity and GSTpi expression in both tumor and uninvolved tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Laboratory of Molecular Toxicology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
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Elwan O, Hassan AA, Abdel Naseer M, Elwan F, Deif R, El Serafy O, El Banhawy E, El Fatatry M. Brain aging in a sample of normal Egyptians cognition, education, addiction and smoking. J Neurol Sci 1997; 148:79-86. [PMID: 9125393 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(96)05336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The impact of duration of education, cannabis addiction and smoking on cognition and brain aging is studied in 211 normal Egyptian volunteers with mean age 46.4+/-3.6 years (range: 20-76 years). Subjects were classified into two groups: Gr I (non-addicts) with 174 subjects, mean age 49.9+/-3.8 years (range 20-76 years), smokers and non-smokers, educated and non-educated and Gr II (cannabis addicts) with 37 subjects, mean age 43.6+/-2.6 years (range 20-72 years) all smokers, educated and non-educated. Outcome measures included the Paced Auditory Serial Addition test (PASAT) for testing attention and the Trailmaking test A, and B (TMa and TMb) for testing psychomotor performance. Age correlated positively with score of Trailmaking test (TMb) in the non-addict group and in the addict group (TMa and TMb). Years of education correlated negatively with scores of Trialmaking test (TMb) in the non-addict group (Gr I) but not the addict group (Gr II). However, in both groups mean scores of the Trailmaking test (TMa) were significantly lower in subjects with a primary level of education than those with higher levels of education. No significant difference was detected between male smokers and nonsmokers of Gr I (non-addicts) regarding any of the neuropsychological tests. Yet, smokers and the non-educated group had poorer attention compared to non-smokers of the same group. Cannabis addicts (Gr II) had significantly poorer attention than non-addict normal volunteers (Gr I). It is concluded that impairment of psychomotor performance is age related whether in normal non-addicts or in cannabis addicts. A decline in attention was detected in cannabis addicts and has been considered a feature of pathological aging. Education in early life as well as the duration of education are neuroprotectors for brain aging more so in the non-addict than addict group. Though cigarette smoking per se has no effect on cognitive abilities in normal aging, it becomes evident that its association with lack of education impairs attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Elwan
- Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Egypt
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Hassan AA, Mohamed NK, Aly AA, Mourad AF. A novel synthesis of 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]isoindolinetrione, 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine and 1,2,4-triazolo[2,3-a]quinazolinedione derivatives and their antibacterial activity. Pharmazie 1997; 52:23-8. [PMID: 9035232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A A Hassan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, A. R. Egypt
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Elwan OH, Baradah OH, Madkour O, Elwan H, Hassan AA, Elwan F, Mahfouz M, Ali A, Fahmy M. Parkinson's disease, cognition and aging. Clinical, neuropsychological, electrophysiological and cranial computerized tomographic assessment. J Neurol Sci 1996; 143:64-71. [PMID: 8981300 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(96)00161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Forty-three patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and thirty-seven normal volunteers were subjected to clinical, neuropsychological, neurophysiological (P300 component of the event-related potentials ERP) and radiological (cranial computerized tomographic scanning CCT) evaluation. Intentional memory was more impaired in PD than in normal controls, more so in the demented group of patients, and was related to enlargement of third ventricular size in CCT. While intentional memory was age related in PD patients, perception was age-related in normal controls. Neither global nor specific cognitive functions were related to duration, severity of parkinsonian motor disability, or depression. However, depression in PD was significantly related to parkinsonian motor disability. P300 latency was more prolonged in PD patients than normal controls. P300 parameters of PD patients were not influenced by age, cognitive functions, duration or severity of motor disability, or depression. The reaction time was the only P300 parameter that was age-related in normal controls. Subcortical atrophy as indicated by CCT was more marked in PD and correlated with age in both patients and controls. Subcortical atrophy was significantly related to cognitive functions in PD but not in normal controls. It was concluded that cognitive impairment in PD could be attributed to complex cognitive changes rather than age. It is a disease process, though not directly related to parkinsonian motor disability or depression. PD differed from normal aging as regards the effect of age on the specific cognitive functions, where in PD patients, age was related to intentional memory, yet in normal controls, it was related to perception. Intentional memory deterioration was found to be specific of PD, being related to subcortical atrophy as well as being more pronounced in the demented group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- O H Elwan
- Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Egypt.
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