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Caza M, Hogan CA, Jassem A, Prystajecky N, Hadzic A, Wilmer A. Evaluation of the clinical and analytical performance of the Seegene allplex™ SARS-CoV-2 variants I assay for the detection of variants of concern (VOC) and variants of interests (VOI). J Clin Virol 2021; 144:104996. [PMID: 34628158 PMCID: PMC8487322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2021.104996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background High-throughput assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) and interest (VOI) are a diagnostic alternative when whole genome sequencing (WGS) is unavailable or limited. Objective This study evaluated the clinical and analytical performance of the Seegene Allplex™ SARS-CoV-2 Variants I assay, which detects the HV69/70 deletion, N501Y and E484K mutations of the S gene. Methods Genotyping was evaluated on -871 SARS-CoV-2 RNA positive specimens, 408 nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs and 463 saline gargle (SG) specimens, with WGS used as the reference standard. Analytical performance was assessed including stability, reproducibility, limit of detection (LOD), cross-reactivity and interference with various respiratory microorganisms. Results The clinical study revealed sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 99.27%–100%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI 98.99%–100%) for HV69/70 deletion, sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 99.55%–100%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI 93.73% – 100%) for N501Y, and sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 98.94% – 100%) and specificity of 98.10% (95% CI 96.53% – 99.08%) for E484K mutation. The E484Q mutation was detected in 10 specimens of the Kappa variant (B.1.627.1). Analytical performance demonstrated stability and reproducibility over 7 days, and LOD was calculated at 698 cp/mL for NP swab specimens, and 968 cp/mL for SG specimens. No interference or cross-reactivity with other microorganisms was noted. Conclusion The Allplex™ SARS-CoV-2 Variants I assay is acceptable for clinical use for the detection of variant of concern and variant of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélissa Caza
- Larissa Yarr Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Catherine A Hogan
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Agatha Jassem
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Natalie Prystajecky
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control Public Health Laboratory, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amir Hadzic
- Larissa Yarr Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amanda Wilmer
- Larissa Yarr Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Someili A, Alosail A, Brooks A, Irfan N, Leto D, Hadzic A, Alajmi A, Mertz D, Bader M. A100 ORAL VANCOMYCIN THERAPY FOR CLOSTRIDIOIDES DIFFICILE INFECTION AND RISK OF INFECTION WITH GRAM-NEGATIVE ORGANISMS. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz047.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Vancomycin is the recommended first-line therapy for mild to severe Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). However, oral vancomycin is associated with disruption of the indigenous microbiota, predisposing patients to overgrowth of endogenous pathogens such as vancomycin-resistant enterococci.
Aims
The primary objective of the study is to examine the effect of the treatment regimens of CDI on the risk of infection with gram-negative organisms in adult patients treated for CDI.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study of 319 adult patients treated for CDI at Hamilton Health Sciences in the year 2015. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine if oral vancomycin-based therapy is associated with an increased risk of infection with gram-negative organisms after adjustment for other factors.
Results
Eighty-one patients were excluded because of recurrent episodes of CDI within the same year or missing information. 238 patients were included in the final analysis. 48 (20.2%) patients had positive culture for gram-negative organisms after onset of CDI. Urine was the most common source for gram-negative organisms (39/48, 81.3%) followed by blood (8/48,16.7%). The most common isolated gram-negative organisms were Escherichia coli (18/48, 37.5%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (9/48, 18.8%).
The most common CDI treatment regimens were metronidazole monotherapy (137/238, 57.6%), vancomycin monotherapy (13/238, 5.5%), and combination therapy (88/238, 37.0%). Among patients who were treated with metronidazole monotherapy, vancomycin monotherapy, and combination therapy, 30(30/137, 21.9%), 3 (3/13,23.1%), and 15 (15/88, 17.1%) had positive culture for gram-negative organisms, respectively (P= 0.6).
Ninety-seven (97/238,40.8%) patients had severe CDI, 40 (40/97, 41.2%) were treated with metronidazole monotherapy, 5(5/97, 5.2%) with vancomycin monotherapy, and 52 (52/97, 53.6%) with combination therapy. 26 (26/141,18.4%) and 22 (22/97, 22.7%) had positive culture for gram-negative organisms among patients with non-severe and severe CDI, receptively (P= 0.7). In the multivariate analysis, neither type of CDI treatment regimen (P=0.2, 95% CI 0.30–1.31) nor CDI severity (P=0.4, 95% CI 0.67–2.69) was associated an increased risk of infection with gram-negative organisms after CDI onset.
Conclusions
Contrary to the reported literature, we did not find that oral vancomycin-based CDI treatment was associated with increased risk of infection with gram-negative organisms.
Funding Agencies
None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Someili
- McMaster university, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A Alosail
- McMaster university, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A Brooks
- McMaster university, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - N Irfan
- McMaster university, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - D Leto
- McMaster university, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A Hadzic
- McMaster university, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A Alajmi
- McMaster university, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - D Mertz
- McMaster university, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Bader
- McMaster university, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Gautier N, Danklou J, Brichant JF, Lopez AM, Vandepitte C, Kuroda MM, Hadzic A, Gautier PE. The effect of force applied to the left paratracheal oesophagus on air entry into the gastric antrum during positive-pressure ventilation using a facemask. Anaesthesia 2018; 74:22-28. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Gautier
- Department of Anesthesiology; University of Louvain; St Luc Hospital; Brussels Belgium
| | - J. Danklou
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine; Liege University Hospital; Liege Belgium
| | - J. F. Brichant
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine; Liege University Hospital; Liege Belgium
| | - A. M. Lopez
- Department of Anesthesiology; Hospital Clinic de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - C. Vandepitte
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine and Algology; ZOL; Genk Belgium
| | - M. M. Kuroda
- New York School of Regional Anesthesia (NYSORA); New York USA
| | - A. Hadzic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency Medicine and Algology; ZOL; Genk Belgium
| | - P. E. Gautier
- Service D'Anesthesie; Clinique St Anne-St Remi; CHIREC; Bruxelles Belgium
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Damjanovska M, Cvetko E, Hadzic A, Seliskar A, Plavec T, Mis K, Vuckovic Hasanbegovic I, Stopar Pintaric T. Neurotoxicity of perineural vs intraneural-extrafascicular injection of liposomal bupivacaine in the porcine model of sciatic nerve block. Anaesthesia 2015; 70:1418-26. [PMID: 26338496 PMCID: PMC5049634 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Liposomal bupivacaine is a prolonged-release local anaesthetic, the neurotoxicity of which has not yet been determined. We used quantitative histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses to evaluate the neurotoxic effect of liposomal bupivacaine after perineural and intraneural (extrafascicular) injection of the sciatic nerve in pigs. In this double-blind prospective randomised trial, 4 ml liposomal bupivacaine 1.3% was injected either perineurally (n = 5) or intraneurally extrafascicularly (n = 5). Intraneural-extrafascicular injection of saline (n = 5) was used as a control. After emergence from anaesthesia, neurological examinations were conducted over two weeks. After harvesting the sciatic nerves, no changes in nerve fibre density or myelin width indicative of nerve injury were observed in any of the groups. Intraneural injections resulted in longer sensory blockade than perineural (p < 0.003) without persistent motor or sensory deficit. Sciatic nerve block with liposomal bupivacaine in pigs did not result in histological evidence of nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Damjanovska
- Clinical Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - E Cvetko
- Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - A Hadzic
- NAICE (North American Institute for Continuing Education), New York, NY, USA.,NYSORA (The New York School of Regional Anesthesia), New York, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - A Seliskar
- Clinic for Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - T Plavec
- Clinic for Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - K Mis
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - I Vuckovic Hasanbegovic
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - T Stopar Pintaric
- Clinical Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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5
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Lukovac E, Koluder-Cimic N, Hadzovic-Cengic M, Baljic R, Hadzic A, Gojak R. Analysis of comorbidity of the patients affected by staphylococcal bacteremia/sepsis in the last ten years. Mater Sociomed 2014; 24:13-5. [PMID: 24493989 PMCID: PMC3829090 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2012.24.s13-s15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: none declared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enra Lukovac
- Clinic for Infectious diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Nada Koluder-Cimic
- Clinic for Infectious diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Meliha Hadzovic-Cengic
- Clinic for Infectious diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Rusmir Baljic
- Clinic for Infectious diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amir Hadzic
- Clinic for Infectious diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Refet Gojak
- Clinic for Infectious diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Lopez AM, Sala-Blanch X, Castillo R, Hadzic A. Ultrasound guided injection inside the common sheath of the sciatic nerve at division level has a higher success rate than an injection outside the sheath. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2014; 61:304-310. [PMID: 24556512 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2013.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The recommendations for the level of injection and ideal placement of the needle tip required for successful ultrasound-guided sciatic popliteal block vary among authors. A hypothesis was made that, when the local anesthetic is injected at the division of the sciatic nerve within the common connective tissue sheath, the block has a higher success rate than an injection outside the sheath. METHODS Thirty-four patients scheduled for hallux valgus repair surgery were randomized to receive either a sub-sheath block (n=16) or a peri-sheath block (n=18) at the level of the division of the sciatic nerve at the popliteal fossa. For the sub-sheath block, the needle was advanced out of plane until the tip was positioned between the tibial and peroneal nerves, and local anesthetic was then injected without moving the needle. For the peri-sheath block, the needle was advanced out of plane both sides of the sciatic nerve, to surround the sheath. Mepivacaine 1.5% and levobupivacaine 0.5% 30mL were used in both groups. The progression of motor and sensory block was assessed at 5min intervals. Duration of block was recorded. RESULTS Adequate surgical block was achieved in all patients in the subsheath group (100%) compared to 12 patients (67%) in the peri-sheath group at 30min. Sensory block was achieved faster in the subsheath than peri-sheath (9.1±7.4min vs. 19.0±4.0; p<.001). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that for successful sciatic popliteal block in less than 30min, local anesthetic should be injected within the sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lopez
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - X Sala-Blanch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Castillo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Hadzic
- Department of Anesthesiology, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, USA
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Vandepitte C, Latmore M, O’Murchu E, Hadzic A, Van de Velde M, Nijs S. Combined interscalene-superficial cervical plexus blocks for surgical repair of a clavicular fracture in a 15-week pregnant woman. Int J Obstet Anesth 2014; 23:194-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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8
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Levine M, Latmore M, Vandepitte C, Gadsden J, Hadzic A. It is 3 a.m. . . . do you know where your catheter tip is? Br J Anaesth 2014; 112:757-8. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeu069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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9
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Ruiz A, Sala-Blanch X, Martinez-Ocón J, Carretero MJ, Sánchez-Etayo G, Hadzic A. Incidence of intraneural needle insertion in ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block: a comparison between the out-of-plane versus the in-plane approaches. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim 2014; 61:73-77. [PMID: 24314696 DOI: 10.1016/j.redar.2013.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal method of ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block (in-plane vs. out-of-plane) has not been established. We tested the hypothesis that the incidence of needle-nerve contact may be higher with out-of-plane than with in-plane needle insertion. METHODS Forty-four patients with hip fracture (American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status I-III) were randomized to receive the femoral block with an out-of-plane approach (needle inserted at a 45-60° angle 1cm caudal to the midpoint of the ultrasound probe just above the femoral nerve) or with an in-plane technique (needle inserted 0.2-0.4 cm from the side of the probe lateral to the femoral nerve). Data collected included depth of needle insertion, response to nerve electric stimulation, and distribution of the injected volume in relation to the nerve (anterior vs. posterior, the latter assuming needle-nerve contact). The sensory block onset was tested at 20 min and block recovery and any neurologic symptoms were evaluated at 24h. RESULTS The incidence of needle-nerve contact was significantly higher with the out-of-plane approach (14/22 patients [64%]) than with the in-plane approach (2/22 patients [9%]) (p<0.001) (OR=17.5, 95% CI: 4-79). The rate of paraesthesia on crossing the fascia iliaca was similar in the two groups. All blocks uneventfully regressed; and no patient developed neurologic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Under the conditions of our study, needle-nerve contact during femoral nerve block occurs frequently with the out-of-plane approach. An in-plane approach results in an equally effective femoral block and less incidence of needle-nerve contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ruiz
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Sala-Blanch
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Martinez-Ocón
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - M J Carretero
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Sánchez-Etayo
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Hospital Clínic, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Hadzic
- Department of Anaesthesia, St Luke's - Roosevelt Hospital Center, University Hospital of Columbia University, New York, USA
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Adhikary SD, Hadzic A, McQuillan PM. Simulator for teaching hand-eye coordination during ultrasound-guided regional anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 2013; 111:844-5. [PMID: 24108733 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aet364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11
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Vandepitte C, Gautier P, Bellen P, Murata H, Salviz EA, Hadzic A. Use of ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block as a sole anaesthetic technique in a high-risk patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Acta Anaesthesiol Belg 2013; 64:91-94. [PMID: 24191530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a progressive neuromuscular disease. Mortality is typically related to combined respiratory failure and dilated cardiomyopathy. Surgery under general anesthesia or deep sedation presents increased risks for pulmonary complications or ventilator dependency postoperatively. We describe the utility of ultrasound guided intercostal nerve blocks for surgery on the chest wall in a patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and severe respiratory compromise.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vandepitte
- Department of Anesthesiology, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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12
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Gojak R, Ferhatovic M, Bajramovic N, Hadzic A, Gazibera B, Bankovic D. Importance of quick test for screening of former drug users. Med Arch 2012; 66:30-2. [PMID: 22937688 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2012.66.s30-s32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most frequent mode of transmission of HCV today is with intravenous drug use. Former intravenous (IV) drug users present population group more exposed to HCV infection. Longer period of substance abuse, common syringe, more sexual partners (drug users) represent independent, statistically significant risk factors in this population. Diagnosis of HCV infection is based on history, epidemiological data, and clinical presentation, blood tests, histopathological and virology investigation. Hepagnost C is fast immunochromatography test for qualitative detection of HCV antibodies in blood, serum or plasma. Sensitivity of this test compared to EIA is >99% and relative specificity 98,6%. MATERIAL AND METHODS At Clinic for Infectious diseases (Hepatology Department) voluntary testing with Hepagnost C test was done for 22 former drug users. Results of this cross-sectional study are processed with SPSS program for Windows. RESULTS Most of the subjects were male (95,5%), average age of 33 +/- 3,5 years with average length of drug usage of 10 (7-12,5) years. All positive (9/22) were tested with EIA test and HCV infection was confirmed (9/9), therefore positive predictive value for Hepagnost C is 100%. We investigated relative risk (RR) with IV drug usage. Higher risk for infection (1,7 times) was among IV. drug users. Odds ratio was 2,4 (chance for HCV in iv. drug users group is 2,4 times higher). Common syringes increase relative risk for 4,5 times, and Odds ratio for infection 9 times. CONCLUSIONS Hepagnost C test of high sensitivity and specificity showed 100% prediction. It is simple, inexpensive and comfortable test with results within 15 minutes. Demographic characteristics of tested persons as well as statistical results do not deviate significantly from results in available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refet Gojak
- Clinic for infectious Diseases, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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HadzovicCengic M, SejtarijaMemisevic A, KoluderCimic N, Lukovac E, Mehanic S, Hadzic A, HasimbegovicIbrahimovic S. Cellulitis - Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics. Med Arch 2012. [DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2012.66.s51-s53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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14
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Hadzovic-Cengic M, Baljic R, Hadzic A, Lukovac E, Mehanic S, Ahmetspahic-Begic A. Complicated Varicella Infection at 8-year-old Boy with Pulmonary Agenesis. Mater Sociomed 2012; 24:18-9. [PMID: 24493991 PMCID: PMC3829088 DOI: 10.5455/msm.2012.24.s18-s19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CONFLICT OF INTEREST: none declared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meliha Hadzovic-Cengic
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Bosnia Herzegovina
| | - Rusmir Baljic
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Bosnia Herzegovina
| | - Amir Hadzic
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Bosnia Herzegovina
| | - Enra Lukovac
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Bosnia Herzegovina
| | - Snjezana Mehanic
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Bosnia Herzegovina
| | - Aida Ahmetspahic-Begic
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo , Bosnia Herzegovina
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15
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Hadzic A, Koluder-Cimic N, Hadzovic-Cengic M, Gojak R, Gavrankapetanovic I, Becirbegovic S. Serratia marcescens meningitis following spinal anaesthesia and arthroscopy. Med Arch 2012; 66:54-55. [PMID: 22937695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We present case of nosocomial bacterial meningitis, caused by Serratia marcescens (ESBL), occurred following spinal anaesthesia. Although very rare bacterial meningitis is serious complication of spinal anaesthesia and early diagnosis as well as effective treatment is extremely important. Previously healthy individual, admitted to Orthopaedic Department for routine arthroscopy, approximately within 24 hours after operation was performed complained of headache and fever. Infectious Diseases physician was consulted, lumbar puncture was performed and purulent meningitis was confirmed. Cerebrospinal fluid and blood cultures of patient confirmed Serratia marcescens (ESBL), resistant pathogen and important nosocomial agent. Patient was successfully treated. Cases of spinal meningitis caused by Serratia marcescens are rare. Local resistance pattern is important and should be always considered when starting therapy. Infection control team was appointed because of similar case of meningitis one month before in the same Department, and after investigation discovered Serratia in anaesthetic vial used in procedures. New measures and recommendations regarding infection control were implemented at Orthopaedic Department. Meningitis as a complication should always be considered as a possible differential diagnosis with patients after spinal anaesthesia complaining on headache and fever. Early diagnosis and early treatment is extremely important. Knowledge and practice of infection control measures is mandatory and should be always emphasized to performing staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hadzic
- Clinic for infectious Diseases, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Hadzovic-Cengic M, Sejtarija-Memisevic A, Koluder-Cimic N, Lukovac E, Mehanic S, Hadzic A, Hasimbegovic-lbrahimovic S. Cellulitis--epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Med Arch 2012; 66:51-53. [PMID: 22937694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cellulitis is acute skin infection and/or infection of subcutaneous tissue, mostly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical preview is usually obvious and enough for diagnosis. Tretment is antimicrobial therapy. In recurrent cases a prophylaxis is very often needed. OBJECTIVES Analysis some of the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cellulitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective analysis of medical documentation of patients with clinical preview of cellulitis who were hospitalized in Clinic for infective diseases of Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo in last three years. RESULTS In period of three years 123 patients were hospitalized with clinical preview of cellulitis in the broadest sense of the word. In 123 of cellulitises, 35/123 (28.45%) were erisipelases-superficial type and 88/123 (71,55%) were deep cellulitises. Men were more affected 56,09%, average of age was 50.22 years. Before hospitalization patients had ambulance treatment in average of 5.12 days, and hospitalization was long in average of 13.33 days. Risk factors wich contributes to the disease were found in 71.54% of cases. Due to localisation, skin disorders on lower limb were the most frequent 71.56%, cellulitis of upper limb were found in 12.19%, head and/or neck in 13.08%, trunk in 3.25%. Repetition of disease were found in 4.8% in patients wtih risk factors. Bacteremic isolats were confirmed in 27.64% of cases. In all patients empirical antibiotic treatment were started, in the 62.60% the first choice of medicine was antibiotic from the group of lincosamides. CONCLUSION Cellulitis is very serious disease that can be prevented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meliha Hadzovic-Cengic
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Center of University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Hadzic A, KoluderCimic N, HadzovicCengic M, Gojak R, Gavrankapetanovic I, Becirbegovic S. Serratia Marcescens Meningitis Following Spinal Anaesthesia and Arthroscopy. Med Arch 2012. [DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2012.66.s54-s55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Sala Blanch X, López AM, Carazo J, Hadzic A, Carrera A, Pomés J, Valls-Solé J. Intraneural injection during nerve stimulator-guided sciatic nerve block at the popliteal fossa. Br J Anaesth 2009; 102:855-61. [PMID: 19420006 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aep097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exact location of the needle tip during nerve stimulation-guided peripheral nerve blocks is unknown. Using high-frequency ultrasound imaging, we tested the hypothesis that intraneural injection is common with nerve stimulator-guided sciatic nerve (SN) block in popliteal fossa. METHODS Forty-two patients scheduled for hallux valgus repair were studied. Sciatic block at the popliteal fossa was accomplished using nerve stimulation. When a motor response was elicited at <0.5 mA (2 Hz, 0.1 ms), 40 ml of local anaesthetic (LA) was injected. Using ultrasound (Titan, Sonosite, 5-10 MHz), the diameters and area of the SN were measured before and after the injection. The presence of nerve swelling and proximal or distal diffusion of LA were also assessed. Intraneural injection was defined as nerve area (NA) increase of > OR =15% and one or more additional ultrasonographic markers (nerve swelling, proximal-distal diffusion within epineural tissue). Clinical neurological evaluation was performed 1 week after the block. RESULTS Post-injection NA increase > OR =15% was seen in 32 (76%) patients [0.54 (SD 0.19) cm(-2) vs 0.76 (0.24) cm(-2); P<0.05]. Nerve swelling with fascicular separation was observed in 37 (88%) patients; proximal and distal diffusion of LA were present in six (14%) and 14 (38%) patients, respectively. Intraneural injection criteria were met in 28 (66%) patients. Greater NA increase was present in patients with fast block onset [61 (45) vs 25 (33)%; (Dif 35% 95% CI 61-9%); P<0.05]. No patient developed neurological complications. CONCLUSIONS Intraneural (subepineural) injection is a common occurrence after nerve stimulator-guided SN block at the popliteal fossa, yet it may not inevitably lead to neurological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Sala Blanch
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, C/Villarroel 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain.
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Drnda A, Koluder N, Hadzic A, Bajramovic N, Baljic R, Mulabdic V. Listeria meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent person. Med Arh 2009; 63:112-113. [PMID: 19537672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a small, aerobic or facultative anaerobic, non-sporulating gram positive bacillus that can be isolated from soil, vegetation or animal reservoirs. There are six species of Listeria, and only L. monocytogenes is pathogenic for humans. Human disease occurs mainly in immunocompromised people, neonates and in pregnancy, while the cases in immunocompetent people are rare. CNS manifestations of the disease can be in form of meningitis, encephalitis, and also cerebritis and abscess since L. monocytogenes shows tropism for brain and brain stem as well for the meninges. In this case we presented 55 year old male patient with etiologically confirmed listerial meningoencephalitis, transferred from regional hospital tothe Clinic for Infectious Diseases with diagnosis of acute meningoencephalitis. Disease started 4 days before the admission. Prior to this the patient was completely healthy. In his history he denied any preexisting disease. At admittance he was febrile, with altered consciousness, disoriented, showing ocular deviation, dystaxia, and with completely positive meningeal signs. Neurologist diagnosis was rhombencephalitis. CSF analysis showed mildly opalescent liquor with pleocytosis 546/mm3 and polymorphonuclear cell predominance >70%. CSF culture showed positive isolate of L. monocytogenes. Initial therapy was: Penicillin G and Chloramphenicol, together with all other supportive and symptomatic therapy. After initial therapy and based on antibiogram, ampicillin was administered for4 weeks, followed by imipenemum for 10 days. Control CSF analysis showed pleocytosis and increased protein level and the patient was discharged as recovered with diagnosis of acute meningoencephalitis
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Affiliation(s)
- Alija Drnda
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases, University Clinical Center of Sarajevo, BiH
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Zerem E, Hadzic A. Sonographically Guided Percutaneous Catheter Drainage Versus Needle Aspiration in the Management of Pyogenic Liver Abscess. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007; 189:W138-42. [PMID: 17715080 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.07.2173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) and to compare PCD with percutaneous needle aspiration in the management of liver abscess. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sixty patients with pyogenic liver abscess were randomly assigned to two groups in a prospective study. Antibiotics were administered for 10 days, starting the day of the beginning of percutaneous treatment. One group was treated with sonographically guided PCD and the other group with repeated percutaneous needle aspiration. Percutaneous needle aspiration was attempted a maximum of three times. Lack of response to the third aspiration was considered failure of treatment; these patients were treated with PCD but were not included in the PCD group for analysis. Patient demographics, duration of hospital stay, treatment outcome, and complications were analyzed. RESULTS Percutaneous needle aspiration was successful in 20 (67%) of the 30 patients after one (n = 12), two (n = 7), or three (n = 1) aspirations. PCD was curative in all 30 patients after one (n = 24) or two (n = 6) procedures. All abscesses 50 mm or less in longest diameter were successfully managed, 10 by percutaneous needle aspiration and 12 by PCD. None of patients in the percutaneous needle aspiration group with multiloculated abscesses (n = 5) was successfully treated. Hospital stay did not differ significantly between the groups. There were no complications related to the procedure. CONCLUSION PCD is more effective than percutaneous needle aspiration in the management of liver abscess. Percutaneous needle aspiration can be used as a valid alternative for simple abscesses 50 mm in diameter or smaller.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enver Zerem
- Interventional Ultrasonography Department, University Clinical Center, Trnovac bb, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Kapur E, Vuckovic I, Dilberovic F, Zaciragic A, Cosovic E, Divanovic KA, Mornjakovic Z, Babic M, Borgeat A, Thys DM, Hadzic A. Neurologic and histologic outcome after intraneural injections of lidocaine in canine sciatic nerves. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2007; 51:101-7. [PMID: 17081151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2006.01169.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inadvertent intraneural injection of local anesthetics may result in neurologic injury. We hypothesized that an intraneural injection may be associated with higher injection pressures and an increase in the risk of neurologic injury. METHODS The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of laboratory animal care, and was approved by the Laboratory Animal Care and Use Committee. Fifteen dogs of mixed breed (16-21 kg) were studied. After general endotracheal anesthesia, the sciatic nerves (n= 30) were exposed bilaterally. Under direct vision, a 25-gauge, long-beveled needle (30 degrees) was placed either epineurally (n= 10) or intraneurally (n= 20), and 4 ml of preservative-free lidocaine 20 mg/ml was injected using an automated infusion pump (4 ml/min). Injection pressure data were acquired using an in-line manometer coupled to a computer via an analog-to-digital conversion board. After injection, the animals were awakened and subjected to serial neurologic examinations. One week later, the dogs were killed, the sciatic nerves excised and histologic examination was performed by pathologists blind to the purpose of the study. RESULTS All perineural injections resulted in low pressures (< or = 5 psi). In contrast, eight of 20 intraneural injections resulted in high pressures (20-38 psi) at the beginning of the injection. Twelve intraneural injections, however, resulted in pressures of less than 12 psi. Neurologic function returned to baseline within 3 h after perineural injections and within 24 h after intraneural injections, when the measured injection pressures were less than 12 psi. Neurologic deficits persisted throughout the study period after all eight intraneural injections that resulted in high injection pressures. Histologic examination of the affected nerves revealed fascicular axonolysis and cellular infiltration. CONCLUSIONS The data in our canine model of intraneural injection suggest that intraneural injections do not always lead to nerve injury. High injection pressures during intraneural injection may be indicative of intrafascicular injection and may predict the development of neurologic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kapur
- Department of Anatomy, Medical School, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Hadzic A, Vloka JD, Santos AC. Research in regional anesthesia: objective versus subjective. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2001; 26:593-5. [PMID: 11707807 DOI: 10.1053/rapm.2001.26221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Edno-Mcheik
- Department of Biology, Charles Perrens Hospital, 121 rue de la Bechade, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Michel Gaulier
- Department of Pharmacology, and Toxicology, University Hospital, 87000 Limoges, France
| | - Isabella Combourieu
- Department of Biology, Charles Perrens Hospital, 121 rue de la Bechade, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Eric Lacassie
- Department of Pharmacology, and Toxicology, University Hospital, 87000 Limoges, France
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Edno-Mcheik L, Gaulier JM, Combourieu I, Lacassie E, Hadzic A. Heptaminol interferes in the AxSYM FPIA amphetamine/methamphetamine II assay. Clin Chem 2001; 47:1499-500. [PMID: 11468252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Abstract
PURPOSE To present a case of iatrogenic, unilateral pupillary dilatation after general anesthesia for nasal surgery. Unilateral pupillary dilatation after general anesthesia has sinister implications, which might prompt further investigations. However, in patients undergoing nasal surgery, it might be caused by the action of drugs injected intranasally. Consideration of iatrogenic causes of pupillary dilatation might help clinicians to avoid time-consuming and costly investigations. CLINICAL FEATURES A 24-yr-old healthy woman underwent a general anesthetic for septoplasty and bilateral turbinectomy. She was hemodynamically stable and did not suffer any hypoxia intraoperatively. At the end of the operation her right pupil was dilated (8 mm diameter). Her left pupil was normal. No other abnormality was detected. After she woke up, her vision was grossly normal. Neurological examination did not show any other abnormality. Six to eight hours later, both pupils were equal (2 mm in diameter) and reacting normally to light and accommodation. CONCLUSION The patient was a healthy 24-yr-old who underwent an operation in which there was no incident of hypoxia or hemodynamic instability. Since the patient recovered completely within six to eight hours, the pupillary dilatation was probably caused by epinephrine, which could have entered the eye through the nasolacrimal duct. Although pupillary dilatation after general anesthesia has been described, this is the first case report where the most likely causative agent was epinephrine, injected into the nasal submucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G D'Souza
- Department of Anesthesiology, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY 10025, USA.
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Vloka JD, Hadzic A, Mulcare R, Lesser JB, Koorn R, Thys DM. Combined popliteal and posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh blocks for short saphenous vein stripping in outpatients: an alternative to spinal anesthesia. J Clin Anesth 1997; 9:618-22. [PMID: 9438888 DOI: 10.1016/s0952-8180(97)00150-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To compare a combination of peripheral nerve blocks with spinal anesthesia in ambulatory patients undergoing short saphenous vein stripping. DESIGN Prospective, randomized study. SETTING University hospital. PATIENTS 28 ASA physical status l and II ambulatory surgery patients undergoing short saphenous vein stripping. INTERVENTIONS 14 patients received a popliteal block (sciatic nerve block at the popliteal fossa) using 30 ml of alkalinized 3% chloroprocaine and a posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh block with 10 ml of 1% lidocaine. The 14 patients who were randomized to the spinal anesthesia group received 65 mg of 5% hyperbaric lidocaine. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS There were no significant differences in age and gender between the two groups (mean age 53 +/- 13 years, 8 men and 20 women). Patients in the peripheral nerve block group recovered significantly faster in phase 1 of the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) (67 +/- 10 min vs. 122 +/- 50 min, p < 0.01) and were discharged home sooner (222 +/- 53 min vs. 294 +/- 69 min, p < 0.01) than the patients in the spinal anesthesia group. CONCLUSIONS The combination of popliteal and posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh blocks provided adequate anesthesia and a faster recovery profile with a similar subjective acceptance of both anesthetic techniques in ambulatory patients undergoing short saphenous vein stripping in the prone position.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Vloka
- Department of Anesthesiology, St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY 10025, USA
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Hadzic A, Vloka JD, Koorn R. Effects of the auditory volume control knob on the stimulus amplitude display of the DualStim/Deluxe model NS-2CA/DX peripheral nerve stimulator. Anesthesiology 1997; 87:714-5. [PMID: 9316988 DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199709000-00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hadzic
- Department of Anesthesiology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10025, USA
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Hadzic A, Vloka J, Patel N, Birnbach D. Hypertensive crisis after a successful placement of an epidural anesthetic in a hypertensive parturient. Case report. Reg Anesth 1995; 20:156-8. [PMID: 7605764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The use of epinephrine-containing local anesthetic solutions in pre-eclampsia is controversial. While epinephrine in local anesthetic solutions has been used without complications in this setting, a hypertensive reaction remains a concern among many clinicians. METHODS An epidural anesthetic containing epinephrine was administered to a hypertensive parturient for cesarean delivery. When a hypertensive crisis developed, the radial artery was cannulated and administration of sodium nitroprusside was initiated. Arterial blood samples were evaluated for plasma norepinephrine and serum lidocaine concentrations. RESULTS The introduction of lumbar epidural anesthesia for cesarean delivery using 30 mL 2% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine resulted in a profound hypertensive reaction, in the patient with pre-eclampsia, despite an adequate level of epidural anesthesia. CONCLUSIONS Epinephrine-containing local anesthetic solutions may place a hypertensive parturient at significant risk of an acute hypertensive reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hadzic
- Department of Anesthesiology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10019, USA
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Vloka J, Hadzic A, Kitain E. A simple adaptation to the Olympus LF1 and LF2 flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes for instillation of local anesthetic. Anesthesiology 1995; 82:792. [PMID: 7879952 DOI: 10.1097/00000542-199503000-00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Kozlicic A, Hadzic A, Bevanda H. Improvised purification methods for obtaining individual drinking water supply under war and extreme shortage conditions. Prehosp Disaster Med 1994; 9:S25-8. [PMID: 10155514 DOI: 10.1017/s1049023x00041145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supplying an adequate amount of drinking water to a population is a complex problem that becomes an extremely difficult task in war conditions. In this paper, several simple methods for obtaining individual supplies of drinking water by filtration of atmospheric water with common household items are reported. METHODS Samples of atmospheric water (rain and snow) were collected, filtered, and analyzed for bacteriological and chemical content. The ability of commonly available household materials (newspaper, filter paper, gauze, cotton, and white cotton cloth) to filter water from the environmental sources was compared. RESULTS According to chemical and biological analysis, the best results were obtained by filtering melted snow from the ground through white cotton cloth. CONCLUSIONS Atmospheric water collected during war or in extreme shortage conditions can be purified with simple improvised filtering techniques and, if chlorinated, used as an emergency potable water source.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kozlicic
- Department for Preventive Medicine and Diagnostic Microbiology, State Hospital of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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