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Brown A, Leite AC. The effects of social and organizational connectedness on employee well‐being and remote working experiences during the COVID‐19 pandemic. J Applied Social Pyschol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Brown
- Department of Psychology Durham University Durham UK
| | - Ana C. Leite
- Department of Psychology Durham University Durham UK
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2
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Weick M, Couturier DL, Vasiljevic M, Ross P, Clark CJ, Crisp RJ, Leite AC, Marcinko AJ, Nguyen TVT, Van de Vyver J. Building bonds: A pre-registered secondary data analysis examining linear and curvilinear relations between socio-economic status and communal attitudes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2022.104353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Hughes JP, Efstratiou A, Komer SR, Baxter LA, Vasiljevic M, Leite AC. The impact of risk perceptions and belief in conspiracy theories on COVID-19 pandemic-related behaviours. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263716. [PMID: 35134100 PMCID: PMC8824369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, conspiracy theories about the virus spread rapidly, and whilst governments across the globe put in place different restrictions and guidelines to contain the pandemic, these were not universally adhered to. This research examined the association between pandemic related risk perceptions, belief in conspiracy theories, and compliance with COVID-19 public guidelines amongst a UK sample (n = 368). Participants rated their level of concern for a series of potential risks during the pandemic (to the economy, personal health, freedom, media integrity and health risk to others). Participants also rated their level of belief in different conspiracy theories and self-reported their behaviour during the first UK lockdown. Mediational analyses showed that stronger belief in conspiracy theories was associated with perceptions of lower risk to health and higher risk to the economy and freedom, which in turn were associated with lower compliance with COVID-19 related governmental guidelines. Perception of information transparency risks did not mediate the association between belief in conspiracy theories and compliant behaviours. These results highlight the key role that risk perception may play in translating belief in conspiracy theories into low compliance with governmental COVID-19 related guidelines. Our findings suggest new patterns with respect to the relationship between conspiracy theory adherence and salience of different risk perceptions amidst the pandemic, which could have implications for the development of public health messaging and communication interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack P. Hughes
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexandros Efstratiou
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara R. Komer
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | - Lilli A. Baxter
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ana C. Leite
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
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4
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nisreen A Alwan
- University of Southampton
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
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5
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Marques AG, Pinto IR, Leite AC, de Moura GR, van Prooijen J, Marques JM. "A right to lead": The role of leader legitimacy on group reactions to transgressive leadership. J Appl Soc Psychol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel R. Pinto
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Porto Porto Portugal
| | - Ana C. Leite
- Department of Psychology Durham University Durham UK
| | | | | | - José M. Marques
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences University of Porto Porto Portugal
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Edwards MR, Leite AC, Randsley de Moura G, Marques AG. Let's talk about Brexit: intra-organizational communication, citizenship status, procedural justice, and job insecurity in a context of potential immigration threat. The International Journal of Human Resource Management 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09585192.2020.1754883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin R. Edwards
- UQ Business School, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ana C. Leite
- Department of Psychology, Durham University, Durham, UK
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7
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Tresh F, Steeden B, Randsley de Moura G, Leite AC, Swift HJ, Player A. Endorsing and Reinforcing Gender and Age Stereotypes: The Negative Effect on Self-Rated Leadership Potential for Women and Older Workers. Front Psychol 2019; 10:688. [PMID: 31057448 PMCID: PMC6482207 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous research has examined the impact of stereotypes on outcomes such as career progression and hiring decisions. We present a novel approach to examine the role of stereotypes in predicting self-rated leadership potential across gender and age groups. This research sheds light on the impact of leadership-incongruent and detrimental stereotypes about one's gender and age, for women and older workers, on self-ratings of leadership potential. Across three studies (total N = 640), correlational and experimental evidence shows differential effects of stereotypes about women (vs. men) and older (vs. younger) people on self-ratings of their own leadership potential. Results suggest that both gender and age stereotypes affect older workers more than their younger counterparts (Study 1). Specifically, effects on self-rated leadership potential at the intersectional level show that endorsement of stereotypes has opposite effects on older women to younger men (Study 1). Furthermore, stereotyped workplace cultures impacted women's and older worker's perceptions of job fit (Studies 2 and 3), also extending to job appeal for older workers (Study 3). Results are discussed in terms of career implications for both women and older workers, with a particular focus on older women, whose intersecting identities are leadership stereotype-incongruent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Tresh
- School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
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Player A, Randsley de Moura G, Leite AC, Abrams D, Tresh F. Overlooked Leadership Potential: The Preference for Leadership Potential in Job Candidates Who Are Men vs. Women. Front Psychol 2019; 10:755. [PMID: 31040804 PMCID: PMC6476968 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Two experiments tested the value people attach to the leadership potential and leadership performance of female and male candidates for leadership positions in an organizational hiring simulation. In both experiments, participants (Total N = 297) valued leadership potential more highly than leadership performance, but only for male candidates. By contrast, female candidates were preferred when they demonstrated leadership performance over leadership potential. The findings reveal an overlooked potential effect that exclusively benefits men and hinders women who pursue leadership positions that require leadership potential. Implications for the representation of women in leadership positions and directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Player
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Georgina Randsley de Moura
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Ana C Leite
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Abrams
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Fatima Tresh
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
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Jolley D, Douglas KM, Leite AC, Schrader T. Belief in conspiracy theories and intentions to engage in everyday crime. Br J Soc Psychol 2019; 58:534-549. [DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Player A, Abrams D, Van de Vyver J, Meleady R, Leite AC, Randsley de Moura G, Hopthrow T. “We aren’t idlers”: Using subjective group dynamics to promote prosocial driver behavior at long-wait stops. J Appl Soc Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jasp.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Leite AC, Dhont K, Hodson G. Longitudinal effects of human supremacy beliefs and vegetarianism threat on moral exclusion (vs. inclusion) of animals. Eur J Soc Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.2497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Leite
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes; School of Psychology; University of Kent; Canterbury UK
| | - Kristof Dhont
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes; School of Psychology; University of Kent; Canterbury UK
| | - Gordon Hodson
- Department of Psychology; Brock University; St. Catharines Ontario Canada
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12
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Van de Vyver J, Leite AC, Abrams D, Palmer SB. Brexit or Bremain? A person and social analysis of voting decisions in the EU referendum. J Community Appl Soc Psychol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/casp.2341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana C. Leite
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology; University of Kent; Canterbury UK
- School of Psychology; University of Roehampton; London UK
| | - Dominic Abrams
- Centre for the Study of Group Processes, School of Psychology; University of Kent; Canterbury UK
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Meleady R, Abrams D, Van de Vyver J, Hopthrow T, Mahmood L, Player A, Lamont R, Leite AC. Surveillance or Self-Surveillance? Behavioral Cues Can Increase the Rate of Drivers' Pro-Environmental Behavior at a Long Wait Stop. Environ Behav 2017; 49:1156-1172. [PMID: 29200472 PMCID: PMC5673009 DOI: 10.1177/0013916517691324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
By leaving their engines idling for long periods, drivers contribute unnecessarily to air pollution, waste fuel, and produce noise and fumes that harm the environment. Railway level crossings are sites where many cars idle, many times a day. In this research, testing two psychological theories of influence, we examine the potential to encourage drivers to switch off their ignition while waiting at rail crossings. Two field studies presented different signs at a busy rail crossing site with a 2-min average wait. Inducing public self-focus (via a "Watching Eyes" stimulus) was not effective, even when accompanied by a written behavioral instruction. Instead, cueing a private-self focus ("think of yourself") was more effective, doubling the level of behavioral compliance. These findings confirm the need to engage the self when trying to instigate self-regulatory action, but that cues evoking self-surveillance may sometimes be more effective than cues that imply external surveillance.
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Leite AC, Cardoso SG, Marques AG, Morais C. ‘Believing is adapting’: Belief in a just world and emigrants’ identification and satisfaction with the host country / ‘Creer es adaptarse’: Creer en un mundo justo y la identificación y satisfacción de los emigrantes con el país de acogida. Revista de Psicología Social 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2017.1291743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Dhont K, Hodson G, Leite AC. Common Ideological Roots of Speciesism and Generalized Ethnic Prejudice: The Social Dominance Human–Animal Relations Model (SD–HARM). Eur J Pers 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/per.2069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recent research and theorizing suggest that desires for group–based dominance underpin biases towards both human outgroups and (non–human) animals. A systematic study of the common ideological roots of human–human and human–animal biases is, however, lacking. Three studies (in Belgium, UK, and USA) tested the Social Dominance Human–Animal Relations Model (SD–HARM) proposing that Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) is a key factor responsible for the significant positive association between ethnic outgroup attitudes and speciesist attitudes towards animals, even after accounting for other ideological variables (that possibly confound previous findings). Confirming our hypotheses, the results consistently demonstrated that SDO, more than right–wing authoritarianism (RWA), is a key factor connecting ethnic prejudice and speciesist attitudes. Furthermore, Studies 2 and 3 showed that both SDO and RWA are significantly related to perceived threat posed by vegetarianism (i.e. ideologies and diets minimizing harm to animals), but with SDO playing a focal role in explaining the positive association between threat perceptions and ethnic prejudice. Study 3 replicated this pattern, additionally including political conservatism in the model, itself a significant correlate of speciesism. Finally, a meta–analytic integration across studies provided robust support for SD–HARM and offers important insights into the psychological parallels between human intergroup and human–animal relations. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana C. Leite
- Department of Psychology, University of Roehampton, UK
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Douglas KM, Leite AC. Suspicion in the workplace: Organizational conspiracy theories and work-related outcomes. Br J Psychol 2016; 108:486-506. [PMID: 27488243 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Belief in conspiracy theories about societal events is widespread and has important consequences for political, health, and environmental behaviour. Little is known, however, about how conspiracy theorizing affects people's everyday working lives. In the present research, we predicted that belief in conspiracy theories about the workplace would be associated with increased turnover intentions. We further hypothesized that belief in these organizational conspiracy theories would predict decreased organizational commitment and job satisfaction. Finally, we hypothesized that these factors would mediate the relationship between organizational conspiracy theories and turnover intentions. In three studies (one correlational and two experiments, Ns = 209, 119, 202), we found support for these hypotheses. The current studies therefore demonstrate the potentially adverse consequences of conspiracy theorizing for the workplace. We argue that managers and employees should be careful not to dismiss conspiracy theorizing as harmless rumour or gossip.
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Abstract
Abstract. Subjective group dynamics theory ( Marques, Páez, & Abrams, 1998 ) proposes that deviant ingroup members who threaten the positive value of the group members’ social identity are evaluated negatively. In an experiment, we investigated whether group members evaluate deviant ingroup members less negatively when the normative member’s commitment to the ingroup is ambiguous. Participants evaluated one normative and one deviant ingroup or outgroup member. Two conditions were contrasted, in which the normative target showed high versus low commitment to the group. As predicted, the participants evaluated deviant ingroup targets more negatively and normative ingroup targets more positively than their respective outgroup counterparts – but only when the normative member’s commitment to the ingroup was unambiguous. When presented with a normative member with ambiguous commitment, the deviant ingroup member was evaluated less negatively. We discuss these results in light of subjective group dynamics theory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel R. Pinto
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José M. Marques
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Social Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal
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Abstract
The fruits of Cipadessa fruticosa Bl. afforded two new limonoids: methyl 8α,30α-epoxide-3β - (2’-methylbutyryloxy)-1-oxomeliacate (cipadesin A) and methyl 21,23-dihydro-23-hydroxy-21-oxo- 3β -tigloyloxy-1-oxomeliac-8(30)-enate (febrifugin A), along with the known limonoids cipadesin, khayasin T, febrifugin, ruageanin A and mexicanolide. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Leite
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, CP 676
| | - João B. Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, CP 676
| | | | - Paulo C. Vieira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, CP 676
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Leite AC, Pedro ABP, Romaldini JH. Influence of methimazole and radioactive iodine treatment in the serum levels of the chemokine CXCL10 in hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease. Horm Metab Res 2011; 43:194-9. [PMID: 21283953 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1271620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine CXCL10 plays an important role in Graves' disease (GD); however, data regarding the effectiveness of therapy are contradictory. Serum CXCL10 levels in 31 hyperthyroid patients were measured before and after establishing euthyroidism: 16 newly diagnosed GD patients received methimazole (MMI), 15 relapsed GD patients were treated with radioactive iodine (RAI), and 18 healthy subjects served as a control group. Baseline serum CXCL10 levels were higher than in controls (MMI group 144.0 ± 48.24, RAI group 156.3 ± 71.81 and control 71.32 ± 26.03 pg/ml; p < 0.01). In the MMI group, serum CXCL10 levels decreased following euthyroidism at 6 months (76.51 ± 22.06 pg/ml; p < 0.01) and 12 (76.42 ± 34.07 pg/ml; p < 0.01). In the RAI group, serum CXCL10 levels decreased after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of RAI administration (82.37 ± 55.01, 66.35 ± 48.62, 68.76 ± 28.87, and 74.94 ± 49.74 pg/ml, respectively; p < 0.05). Elevated serum TRAb levels in the MMI group (33.15 ± 30.84) decreased at 6 months (14.64 ± 16.57 IU/l; p = 0.0070), whereas in the RAI group (44.61 ± 60.66 IU/l) they increased to a peak level at 6 months (66.40 ± 104.2 IU/l; p = 0.003), which was significantly higher than those of the MMI group, but were decreased at 12 months (28.91 ± 35.13 IU/l). Serum CXCL10 levels correlated with FT3 (r = 0.48, p < 0.0001), FT4 (r = 0.47, p < 0.0001) and TRAb (r = 0.37, p = 0.0014). In conclusion, these data show a relationship between serum CXCL10 and GD activity and suggest that a more complex mechanism is involved in the generation of the thyroid auto-antibodies TPOAb and TRAb.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Leite
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital do Servidor Publico Estadual de São Paulo-IAMSPE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Mota JDS, Leite AC, Kato MJ, Young MCM, Bolzani VDS, Furlan M. Isoswertisin flavones and other constituents fromPeperomia obtusifolia. Nat Prod Res 2011; 25:1-7. [DOI: 10.1080/14786410903244954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Leite AC, Placeres Neto A, Ambrozin ARP, Fernandes JB, Vieira PC, Silva MFDGFD, de Albuquerque S. Trypanocidal activity of flavonoids and limonoids isolated from Myrsinaceae and Meliaceae active plant extracts. Rev bras farmacogn 2010. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2010000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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22
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Leite AC, Garcia R, Utino F, Castilho R, Cassina A, Radi R, Oliveira H, Vercesi A. Abstract: P279 CONTRIBUTION OF NITRIC OXIDE TO THE MITOCHONDRIAL OXIDATIVE STRESS IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MICE. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)70574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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23
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Leite AC, Ambrozin ARP, Castilho MS, Vieira PC, Fernandes JB, Oliva G, Silva MFDGFD, Thiemann OH, Lima MIS, Pirani JR. Screening of Trypanosoma cruzi glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme inhibitors. Rev bras farmacogn 2009. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2009000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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24
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Silva MT, Andrada-Serpa MJ, Leite AC, Lima MA, Araújo AQ. [Intravenous methylprednisolone in tropical spastic paraparesis]. Rev Neurol 2008; 46:185-186. [PMID: 18297629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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25
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Lima MA, Leite AC, Silva MT, Araújo AQ. Other important aspects of human T-lymphotropic virus 1-associated myelopathy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 64:1059; author reply 1059-60. [PMID: 17620504 DOI: 10.1001/archneur.64.7.1059-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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26
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Leite AC, Lopes AA, Kato MJ, Bolzani VDS, Furlan M. Biosynthetic origin of the isoprene units in chromenes of Piper aduncum (Piperaceae). J BRAZIL CHEM SOC 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-50532007000800008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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27
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Ambrozin ARP, Leite AC, Bueno FC, Vieira PC, Fernandes JB, Bueno OC, Silva MFDGFD, Pagnocca FC, Hebling MJA, Bacci Jr. M. Limonoids from andiroba oil and Cedrela fissilis and their insecticidal activity. J BRAZIL CHEM SOC 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-50532006000300017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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28
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Leite AC, Bueno FC, Oliveira CG, Fernandes JB, Vieira PC, Silva MFDGFD, Bueno OC, Pagnocca FC, Hebling MJA, Bacci Jr. M. Limonoids from Cipadessa fruticosa and Cedrela fissilis and their insecticidal activity. J BRAZIL CHEM SOC 2005. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-50532005000800015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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29
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Ambrozin ARP, Leite AC, Silva M, Vieira PC, Fernandes JB, Thiemann OH, da Silva MFDGF, Oliva G. Screening of Leishmania APRT enzyme inhibitors. Pharmazie 2005; 60:781-4. [PMID: 16259128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRT) enzyme from Leishmania tarentolae has been proposed as a target for the rational search of new leishmanicidal drugs. In this paper, we describe the evaluation of the inhibitory activity on L. tarentolae APRT enzyme of 46 crude extracts of Meliaceae and Rutaceae plants, besides three furoquinolone alkaloids. The results showed that 21 extracts were able to decrease the APRT enzymatic activity (IA% > or = 50). The methanolic extracts from roots and leaves of Cedrela fissilis and from fruits, branches and leaves of Cipadessa fruticosa have showed strong activities. Therefore, these species could be a promising source of lead compounds for the rational design of new leishmanicidal drugs. The phytochemical investigation of an active fraction from Almeidea rubra afforded the alkaloids isodutaduprine, isoskimmianine and isokokusagine, which showed low to moderate activity on APRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R P Ambrozin
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil
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Alamy AH, Menezes FB, Leite AC, Nascimento OM, Araújo AQ. Dysautonomia in human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. Ann Neurol 2001; 50:681-5. [PMID: 11706978 DOI: 10.1002/ana.1264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The frequency and importance of dysautonomia in human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) have not been fully investigated. We describe the characteristics of dysautonomia in such patients in a case-control study. Our results indicate that autonomic disturbances are more frequent in HAM/TSP than has been previously suggested, with a predominance of sympathetic nervous system dysfunction. In some of these patients, the symptoms may be severe enough to warrant specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Alamy
- Reference Centers for Neurological Infections and HTLV, Evandro Chagas Hospital Research Center, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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31
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Leite AC, Evangelista LG. Ultrastructure of endocrine cells from the abdominal midgut epithelium of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae). J Med Entomol 2001; 38:749-752. [PMID: 11580051 DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585-38.5.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to study two types of endocrine cells front the midgut of adult female Luttzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva). Endocrine cells rarely have been observed in Nematocera, even using TEM, and were present in small numbers dispersed among the monolayer of midgut digestive epithelial cells. Triangular shaped "closed" cells were observed along the basement membrane, bounded on each side by digestive cells; these cells closed distally before reaching the epithelial lumen. These endocrine cells appeared to deliver active granules that were secreted through a cellular membrane into the hemolymph. A second cell type occupied a similar position to the closed cells, but opened into the midgut lumen via microvilli, where the secretory products may be delivered. Each cell type possessed both electron-lucent and electron-dense vesicles with secretory granules which may indicate different stages in maturation and activity. These granular secretory products are probably peptidergic substances, with secretion mediated by diet via basal and baso-lateral receptors that were bound to membranes or microvilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Leite
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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32
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Azevedo MF, Souza LA, Leite AC, Rodrigues FF. [Segmental dystonia as manifestation of cavernous angioma: case report]. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2001; 59:613-5. [PMID: 11588647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Dystonia is a neurologic syndrome whose etiology is not well recognized. We report a sixteen year old patient with difficulty in playing piano, with disability of the left hand, forearm and arm. Short after, she underwent "absence" crises and headache. Neuroradiological exams showed a deep temporal lobe cavernous angioma. It is a rare association between both diseases and there are no reports about segmental dystonia associated to pseudoabsence epilepsy and sporadic migraine secondary to cavernous angioma. Twenty five per cent of dystonias have a secondary cause and we suggest a neuroradiologic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Azevedo
- Instituto de Neurologia Deolindo Couto, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
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33
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do Valle AC, Galhardo MC, Leite AC, Araújo AQ, Cuzzi-Maya T, Maceira JP, de Ameida Dobbin J. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma associated with HTLV-1 infection in a Brazilian adolescent. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2001; 43:283-6. [PMID: 11696852 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652001000500009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of a 15-year-old patient infected with HTLV-1 who developed a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical examination, as well as clinically and hematologically confirmed leukemia. The patient died 3 months after initial presentation of the disease. The rarity of the disease in this age group justifies the present report.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C do Valle
- Centro de Pesquisa Hospital Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
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34
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Abstract
Skin biopsies from larvae of Rattus norvegicus, experimentally infested with Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus Jr) (Diptera: Cuterebridae), were processed for histopathological studies. Two days after infestation, the first-stage larvae (L1) were located deep in the dermis, surrounded by an inflamed area infiltrated predominantly by neutrophils. On the fourth day a thin necrotic layer could be seen close to the larvae, surrounded by large numbers of neutrophils, lymphocytes, macrophages with a few eosinophils and mast cells. A small warble was formed after the fourth day, increasing in size until the seventh day, when the L1 moulted to the second-stage larva (L2). The inflammatory process continued with increasing numbers of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, eosinophils and mast cells invading the area, as well as the proliferation of fibroblasts and endothelial cells and the appearance of a few localized haemorrhages. After 18-20 days, the L2 moulted to the third-stage larva (L3), when a few plasma cells could be seen in the inflamed area. At 25-30 days there was a reduction in the necrotic layer, as well as in the number of neutrophils and lymphocytes, although large amounts of eosinophils, plasma cells, and collagen fibres were seen. The L3 usually left the host after 30 days. Two days later, the larval cavity was reduced, mast cells infiltrated the region and collagen fibre production were increased. After 7 days, an intense infiltration of plasma cells and scattered necrotic areas could be seen. A scar formed after 10 days. This study showed the laboratory rat to be a suitable model for studies of D. hominis infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Pereira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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35
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Leite AC, Vieira RF, de Wanderley AG, Afiatpour P, Ximenes EC, Srivastava RM, de Oliveira CF, Medeiros MV, Antunes E, Brondani DJ. Synthesis, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of new 1,2,4-oxadiazoles peptidomimetics. Farmaco 2000; 55:719-24. [PMID: 11204948 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-827x(00)00099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 1,2,4-oxadizoles 6a-g have been synthesised in good yields using the peptide synthesis strategy. The prepared compounds were tested for anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. The anti-inflammatory activities were determined in the rat paw oedema induced by carrageenin. Compounds 6a, c, f and g (i.v.) significantly inhibited the rat paw oedema induced by carrageenin depending upon the dose employed. The compounds were also evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity. Some compounds were found to have significant activity against Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Leite
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacêuticas, Cidade Universitária, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife-PE, Brazil.
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36
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Leite AC, Scott FB, Evangelista LG. Scanning electron microscope observations on third-instar Gasterophilus nasalis (Diptera: Oestridae). J Med Entomol 1999; 36:643-648. [PMID: 10593060 DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/36.6.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Scanning electron microscope observations studied the morphology of 3rd-instar Gasterophilus nasalis (L.). Distinctive features are illustrated in a sequence of 16 micrographs, bearing indications of structures considered of special interest. The morphology of G. nasalis is compared with that of other larval bot flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Leite
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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37
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Abstract
The second-instar larva of the bot fly Gasterophilus nasalis (L.) (Diptera: Gasterophilidae) is described for the first time, based on scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies. On the pseudocephalum the larva bears an antenomaxillary sensory complex formed by the antenna (coeloconic sensilla) and the maxillary palp with a set of six coeloconic sensilla and four basiconica sensilla. The oral opening is latero-posteriorly limited by small spines, and exhibits strongly ornamented maxillae and mandibles. The thoracic and abdominal segments are circled by two bands, each with two rows (except the last segment that has one row) of backwardly pointed spines, and have cuticular depressions. Trichoid and campaniform sensilla surround the larval segments. The anterior spiracular opening is a small aperture. The terminal end of the eighth abdominal segment shows a spiracular cavity, lateral tubercles, eight basiconic and two trichoid sensilla. Each spiracular plate has two slightly curved slits, each with a serrated rima. There is a probable ecdysial scar. The findings of this ultrastructural study are compared with those other of larval flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Leite
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências, Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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38
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Araújo ADQ, Leite AC, De Oliveira AL, Afonso CR, Pies J. Syringohydromyelia or HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. A diagnostic challenge. Case report. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1999; 57:284-7. [PMID: 10412531 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x1999000200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is the most common chronic myelopathy in Brazil. We present the case of a 53 year old man that fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for HAM/TSP but had at the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the spinal cord evidences of syringohydromyelia at the C6-C7 and D2-D7 levels along with Chiari type I malformation. The clinical picture was more typical of HAM/TSP than of syringohydromyelia, which was probably asymptomatic. The present case clearly demonstrates that serology and neuroimaging should be always used together. We conclude that, specially in places where HTLV-I is endemic, every patient with a spastic paraparesis, even with a radiological picture suggestive of a structural spinal cord lesion, should have a screening test for HTLV-I. The clinical picture must dictate the final direction of the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de Q Araújo
- HTLV Unit, Evandro Chagas Hospital, FIOCRUZ, RJ, Brasil
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39
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Abstract
Larvae of Dermatobia hominis 10-27 days old were collected from experimentally infected rats and their morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy. The moult from the second to third instar occurs at 18 days, with emergence from the host at 30 days post-infection. The second-instar larvae bear on the pseudocephalon, antennae (coeloconic sensilla), and coeloconic and basicoconic sensilla on the maxillary sensory complex. The thoracic segments bear small backwardly-directed spines anteriorly and ventral trichoid and campaniform sensilla. The first four abdominal segments have small and large backwardly-directed spines that are absent on segments five and six. The seventh and eighth abdominal segments have medium-sized forwardly-directed spines. Abdominal segments are encircled by campaniform sensilla. The terminal end of the eighth abdominal segment bears the anus, prominent anal lobes and two spiracular openings on each spiracular plate. Spiracular plates show a radial sun ray pattern. The rear abdomen also bears an ecdysal aperture, several pores and eight coeloconic sensilla. Although there are slight morphological differences, the spines (predominantly flat and thorn-like) and sensilla (campaniform and coeloconic) of the third-instar larvae show a similar arrangement to that of second-instar larvae. Thoracic trichoid sensilla are not seen in third-instar larvae. A perispiracular gland aperture is situated above each posterior spiracular opening. These morphological features are compared with those of other cuterebrid larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- T de Filippis
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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40
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Abstract
First-instar larvae of Dermatobia hominis collected 1, 4 and 7 days after having penetrated experimentally infected rats, were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation. On the pseudocephalon there are basiconic and trichoid sensilla (antennal sensory complex), and basiconic, coeloconic and campaniform sensilla (maxillary sensory complex). The thoracic segments bear several rows of small, backwardly pointed, spines, and trichoid, campaniform, coeloconic and pit sensilla. The anterior spiracle is a minute opening. Both small and large spines directed posteriorly are on the first to fourth abdominal segments, which also bear coeloconic and companiform sensilla. These sensilla are present on the unarmed (fifth and sixth) and armed (seventh) abdominal segments. The seventh and the last (eight) abdominal segments have forwardly directed spines. Each spiracular plate has two spiracular openings and four spatulate-like structures called sun rays. The anus and the coeloconic sensilla are proeminent on the last segment. The results are compared with other parasitic dipteran larvae, and emphasize that the multiple types of sensilla on D.hominis larva may have importance in establishing the parasitic phase of the life cycle of this insect.
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Affiliation(s)
- T de Filippis
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
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41
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Schubach TM, Neves ES, Leite AC, Araújo AQ, de Moura H. Cyclospora cayetanensis in an asymptomatic patient infected with HIV and HTLV-1. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1997; 91:175. [PMID: 9196760 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-9203(97)90212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T M Schubach
- Evandro Chagas Hospital, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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42
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Araujo AQ, Leite AC. [Lymphomatous meningoencephalitis in a patient with HAM/TSP]. Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1995; 53:860-2. [PMID: 8729789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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43
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Araújo AQ, Leite AC, Dultra SV, Andrada-Serpa MJ. Progression of neurological disability in HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). J Neurol Sci 1995; 129:147-51. [PMID: 7608729 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(94)00266-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is apparently a disease with a chronic evolution without spontaneous remissions. The real profile of its natural history and of the progression of the neurological disability, however, awaits confirmation. We devised the present study to evaluate the progression profile of the neurological disability of HAM/TSP in a series of 43 patients who have never received any kind of previous immune therapy. Patients were divided into different groups according to the duration of their disease. Age, gender and the Kurtzke's disability status scale (DSS) at the time of the first examination were compared. There were no statistically significant differences among groups with different disease duration. The present study suggests that the evolution of the neurological disability in HAM/TSP occurs mainly during the first year of the disease and becomes relatively stable after that. Therefore we speculate that the variable therapeutic success rates observed in many series of the literature could be due to the timing in the beginning of the pharmacological immunosuppression. Probably the therapeutic window in HAM/TSP lies within the first year of the disease. Thus it might be of utmost importance that future therapeutical trials take into consideration the duration of the disease since this factor can play an important role in the results of the trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Q Araújo
- HTLV-Associated Neuropathies Research Unit, IOC, Hospital Evandro Chagas, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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44
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Leite RM, Buoncompagno EM, Leite AC, Mergulhao EA, Battistoni MM. Psychosexual characteristics of male university students in Brazil. Adolescence 1995; 30:363-380. [PMID: 7676873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Male freshmen (N = 268) at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in the state of Sao Paulo in Brazil responded to a questionnaire concerning aspects of their sexuality from the onset of adolescence. Topics such as physical changes, first ejaculation, masturbation, homosexual manifestations, and sexual practices were investigated, as well as present attitudes toward virginity, intercourse, birth control, abortion, and prevention of AIDS. The quality of the relationship established with parents and the possibilities for dialogue about sex in the family circle were also surveyed. The majority of the subjects revealed satisfactory development in most areas of their sexuality, as well as a good relationship with their parents. Nevertheless, great difficulty was found in dialogue about sex within the family circle. Of these young men, 32% were still virgins at the end of their freshman year, but a considerable number of those already sexually active reported behavior which was inappropriate for the prevention of pregnancy and AIDS. The results are analyzed using psychoanalytic theories of psychosexual development.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Leite
- Depto. de Psicologia Médica e Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UNICAMP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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45
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Leite RM, Buoncompagno EM, Leite AC, Mergulhao EA, Battistoni MM. Psychosexual characteristics of female university students in Brazil. Adolescence 1994; 29:439-460. [PMID: 8085494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Freshmen women (N = 240) at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil responded to a questionnaire concerning several aspects of their sexuality from the beginning of adolescence. Topics such as body changes during puberty, menarche, menstruation, masturbation, sexual identity, virginity, sexual relations, maternity, contraceptives, abortion, and attitudes toward AIDS were investigated, as well as the level and sources of information about sex and the quality of the subjects' relationships with their parents. The majority of the subjects revealed satisfactory development in most of the aspects surveyed, as well as in their relationships with their parents except where sexual issues were concerned. Nevertheless, most of the students reported menstrual disturbances, and a significant number of the sexually active reported inappropriate behavior in relation to contraception and AIDS prevention. The results of the research are analyzed using psychodynamic theories of sexual development.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Leite
- Depto. de Psicologia Médica e Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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46
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Araújo AQ, Afonso CR, Leite AC, Dultra SV. Intravenous methylprednisolone in HTLV-I associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Arq Neuropsiquiatr 1993; 51:325-8. [PMID: 8297234 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x1993000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
HTLV-I (Human T-lymphotropic virus type I) associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is an immunomediated myelopathy induced by the HTLV-I. Some patients, specially those from Japan, seem to have a good response to steroid treatment. However, this has not been found in other regions of the world. High dose intravenous methylprednisolone has been used with success in patients with relapses of multiple sclerosis (MS), another autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. To test the effectiveness of methylprednisolone in patients with HAM/TSP, we devised an open trial in 23 patients. We found a very limited benefit of this form of treatment in these patients. Only one patient, who had the shortest disease duration (five months) in the whole group, showed a sustained benefit. We speculate that those patients with a shorter history, with presumably less demyelination and more inflammatory lesions, would show a better response to immunosuppressive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Q Araújo
- Unidade de Neuropatias Associadas ao HTLV, Hospital Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro RJ, Brasil
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47
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Alves AJ, Leite AC, De Santana DP, Beltrao TM, Coelho MR, Gayral P. Synthesis of some 4-oxo-delta 2-thiazolin-2-ylhydrazones as potential antiprotozoal agents. Farmaco 1993; 48:1167-71. [PMID: 8216678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Several 4-oxo-delta 2-thiazolin-2-ylhydrazone derivatives 6 (6-1 - 6-19) derived from the cyclization reaction between the thiosemicarbazones 5 and homologous alpha-chloroacids were prepared. Only compound 6-2 was found to be active against Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Alves
- Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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48
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Araújo ADQ, Alfonso CR, Schor D, Leite AC, de Andrada-Serpa MJ. Clinical and demographic features of HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Acta Neurol Scand 1993; 88:59-62. [PMID: 8372632 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.1993.tb04188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In Rio de Janeiro (RJ) most cases of paraparesis of obscure origin are associated with the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Thirty-four consecutive patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) from RJ were evaluated. Most patients came from low socio-economic levels. There was no difference in terms of gender. The main affected racial group was white. A history of sexually transmitted diseases was a major risk factor for HAM/TSP and a positive serology for syphilis was found in 26.5% of the patients. The major clinical findings were of a spastic paraparesis with generalized brisk tendon jerks and bilateral Babinki's sign. Sensation was abnormal in 25 patients (73.5%) and five (14.7%) had a sensory level. Three patients (8.8%) had optic atrophy. The cerebrospinal fluid showed a lymphocytic pleocytosis with a mean total protein content of 0.4 g/litre, and an increased intrathecal IgG synthesis in 59.4% of patients. HAM/TSP and multiple sclerosis (MS) occur indigenously in RJ and some HAM/TSP cases can be sometimes confused with MS. Therefore we propose that, in places where MS coexist with HAM/TSP, HTLV-I antibodies should be sought routinely in those MS suspected cases with prominent spastic paraparesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A de Q Araújo
- HTLV-associated Neuropathies Unit, Evandro Chagas Hospital, Fiocruz, Brazil
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49
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Abstract
Descriptions are given of the morphological features of laboratory-reared first to third larval stages of Cochliomyia hominivorax. The pseudocephalon, spines and papillae of the segments, and the anterior and posterior spiracles of all three larval stages were studied by scanning electron microscope microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Leite
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil
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50
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Abstract
The morphology of the male and female of Bunostomum phlebotomum are described based on scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations. The attachment of the worms to the small intestinal mucosa and during the copula were observed. Structures of the buccal capsule and genital organs were also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Leite
- Departamento de Parasitologia, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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