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Bassini-Silva R, Chagas MEMD, Mello-Oliveira VDS, Calchi AC, Castro-Santiago AC, Andrade LDO, Benedet GC, Pereira FMAM, Soares-Neto LL, Hippólito AG, Hoppe EGL, Werther K, André MR, Quadros RMD, Barros-Battesti DM, Muñoz-Leal S, Jacinavicius FDC. Eutrichophilus cordiceps Mjöberg, 1910 (Ischnocera: Trichodectidae) in Spiny Tree Porcupines (Coendou villosus): New locality records and the first molecular evidence of association with Bartonella sp. Parasitol Int 2024; 100:102876. [PMID: 38438077 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2024.102876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The chewing louse genus Eutrichophilus Mjöberg has 19 species only associated with porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae). Of these species, E. cercolabes, E. cordiceps, E. emersoni, E. minor, E. moojeni, and E. paraguayensis have been recorded in Brazil. In the present study, we report E. cordiceps for the first time in the São Paulo State (Bauru Municipality) and for the second time in the Santa Catarina State (Lages Municipality), providing scanning electron images and light microscopy for the eggs, as well as the first molecular data (18S rRNA) for the genus. Additionally, Bartonella sp. was detected for the first time in this chewing lice species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Bassini-Silva
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maria Eduarda Moraes das Chagas
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Victor de Souza Mello-Oliveira
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Lívia de Oliveira Andrade
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Coelho Benedet
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (Cav Udesc), Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Estevam Guilherme Lux Hoppe
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Karin Werther
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rosiléia Marinho de Quadros
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Centro de Ciências Agroveterinárias, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (Cav Udesc), Lages, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Zoologia e Parasitologia, Universidade do Planalto Catarinense da (Uniplac), Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Sebastián Muñoz-Leal
- Departamento de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
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das Chagas MEM, de Mello-Oliveira VS, Guerro-de-Souza M, Calchi AC, Castro-Santiago AC, de Mello ÉM, de Suguiura IMS, Lourenço EC, Famadas KM, Dowling APG, André MR, Barros-Battesti DM, Jacinavicius FDC, Bassini-Silva R. Molecular detection of Bartonella spp. in bat-associated macronyssid mites (Acari: Macronyssidae) from Southern and Southeastern Brazil. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10393-1. [PMID: 38662316 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10393-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Despite the worldwide occurrence and high genetic diversity of Bartonella spp. in bats, few studies investigate their occurrence in bat-associated mites. To date, 26 species of Macronyssidae mite species have been reported from Brazil, and 15 of which were found parasitizing bats. The present study aimed to investigate the presence of Bartonella DNA in bat-associated macronyssid mites from Brazil. For this purpose, 393 macronyssid specimens were selected by convenience from the tissue bank of the Acari Collection of the Instituto Butantan (IBSP). These mites were collected from 14 different bat species in three different Brazilian States (Minas Gerais, Paraná, and Rio de Janeiro). Out of 165 mites positive in the PCR for the endogenous 18S rRNA gene, only eight were positive in the qPCR for Bartonella spp. based on the nuoG gene, and we were able to obtain two sequences base in this same gene, and one sequence based on the 16S rRNA gene. The phylogenetic inference based on the nuoG gene grouped the obtained sequences with Bartonella genotypes previously detected in bats and associated bat flies, while the phylogeny based on the 16S rRNA grouped the obtained sequence in the same clade of Bartonella genotypes previously detected in Dermanyssus gallinae. These findings suggest that macronyssid mites might be associated with the maintenance of bartonellae among bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eduarda Moraes das Chagas
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor Souza de Mello-Oliveira
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariane Guerro-de-Souza
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Érica Munhoz de Mello
- Laboratório de Morcegos Urbanos, Centro de Controle de Zoonoses de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Elizabete Captivo Lourenço
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Katia Maria Famadas
- Laboratório de Artrópodes Parasitos, Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ashley P G Dowling
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Bassini-Silva
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
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Alabí Córdova AS, Fecchio A, Calchi AC, Dias CM, Machado RZ, André MR. Molecular evidence of Bartonella spp. in tropical wild birds from the Brazilian Pantanal, the largest wetland in South America. Vet Res Commun 2024:10.1007/s11259-024-10341-z. [PMID: 38443588 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10341-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite the worldwide occurrence of bartonellae in a broad range of mammal species, in which they usually cause a long-lasting erythrocytic bacteremia, few studies reported Bartonella spp. in avian hosts. The present work aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular identity of Bartonella spp. infecting birds in the Pantanal wetland, central-western Brazil using a multigene approach. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from 517 individuals from 13 avian orders in the states of Mato Grosso and Mato Groso do Sul. DNA was extracted from avian blood and 500/517 (96.7%) samples were positive in a conventional PCR targeting the avian β-actin gene. Nineteen (3.8%) out of 500 avian blood samples were positive in a qPCR assay for Bartonella spp. based on the nuoG gene. Among 19 avian blood DNA samples positive in the qPCR for Bartonella spp., 12 were also positive in the qPCR for Bartonella based on the 16S-23S RNA Intergenic region (ITS). In the PCR assays performed for molecular characterization, one 16S rRNA, three ribC, and one nuoG sequences were obtained. Based on BLASTn results, while 1 nuoG, 2 ribC, and 2 ITS sequences showed high identity to Bartonella henselae, one 16S rRNA and 2 ITS showed high similarity to Bartonella machadoae in the sampled birds. Bartonella spp. related to B. henselae and B. machadoae were detected, for the first time, in wild birds from the Brazilian Pantanal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Salvador Alabí Córdova
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução E Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", (FCAV/UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, S/N, Zona Rural, São Paulo, Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Alan Fecchio
- Department of Ornithology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução E Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", (FCAV/UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, S/N, Zona Rural, São Paulo, Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Clara Morato Dias
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução E Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", (FCAV/UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, S/N, Zona Rural, São Paulo, Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução E Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", (FCAV/UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, S/N, Zona Rural, São Paulo, Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução E Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", (FCAV/UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, S/N, Zona Rural, São Paulo, Jaboticabal, CEP: 14884-900, Brazil.
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Bassini-Silva R, Calchi AC, Castro-Santiago AC, Siconelli MJL, André MR, Barros-Battesti DM, Jacinavicius FDC. Co-infestation caused by Goniodes pavonis (L., 1758) (Ischnocera: Goniodidae) and Goniocotes rectangulatus Nitzsch [In Giebel], 1866 on white Indian peafowl, Pavo cristatus L., 1758 (Galliformes: Phasianidaede) in Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2024; 47:100959. [PMID: 38199680 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2023.100959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The genus Goniodes Nitzsch and Goniocotes Burmeister (Ischnocera: Goniogodidae) are distributed worldwide, and exclusively parasitizing avian hosts of the Galliformes. In Brazil, there are only four species recorded: Goniodes dissimilis Denny, Goniodes gigas (Taschenberg), Goniodes pavonis (L.), and Goniocotes gallinae (DeGeer). In the present study, we are reporting the co-parasitism of G. pavonis and G. rectangulatus Nitzsch [In Giebel] on specimens of the white Pavo cristatus, popularly known as 'white Indian peafowl' for the first time. Furthermore, a new Brazilian locality for G. pavonis species has been reported, as well as the first time that G. rectangulatus is reported to Brazil. Additionally, we provide the first molecular information for G. pavonis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Bassini-Silva
- Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Márcio Junio Lima Siconelli
- Setor de Medicina Veterinária, Bosque e Zoológico Municipal "Dr. Fábio de Sá Barreto", Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, FMVZ-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Calchi AC, Yogui DR, Alves MH, Desbiez ALJ, Kluyber D, Vultão JG, Arantes PVC, de Santi M, Werther K, Teixeira MMG, Machado RZ, André MR. Molecular detection of piroplasmids in mammals from the Superorder Xenarthra in Brazil. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:3169-3180. [PMID: 37848747 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08008-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Xenarthra mammals can be found from southern North America to southern South America, including all Brazilian biomes. Although it has been shown that Xenarthra mammals can play a role as reservoirs for several zoonotic agents, few studies investigate the diversity of piroplasmids (Apicomplexa: Piroplasmida) in this group of mammals. Taking into account that piroplasmids can cause disease in animals and humans, understanding the prevalence and diversity of piroplasmids in Xenarthra mammals would contribute to conservation efforts for this group of animals as well as to infer risk areas for transmission of emergent zoonosis. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular identity of piroplasmids in free-living mammals of the Superorder Xenarthra from four Brazilian states (Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Rondônia, and Pará). For this, DNA was extracted from blood or spleen samples from 455 animals. A nested PCR based on the 18S rRNA gene was used as screening for piroplasmids. Of the 455 samples analyzed, 25 (5.5%) were positive. Additionally, PCR assays based on 18S rRNA near-complete, cox-1, cox-3, hsp70, cytB, β-tubulin genes and the ITS-1 intergenic region were performed. Five out of 25 positive samples also tested positive for ITS-1-based PCR. The phylogenetic analysis positioned three 18S rRNA sequences detected in Priodontes maximus into the same clade of Babesia sp. detected in marsupials (Didelphis albiventris, Didelphis marsupialis, and Monodelphis domestica) and Amblyomma dubitatum collected from opossums and coatis in Brazil. On the other hand, the 18S rRNA sequence obtained from Dasypus novemcinctus was closely related to a Theileria sp. sequence previously detected in armadillos from Mato Grosso State, grouping in a subclade within the Theileria sensu stricto clade. In the phylogenetic analysis based on the ITS-1 region, the sequences obtained from Myrmecophaga tridactyla and Tamandua tetradactyla were placed into a single clade, apart from the other piroplasmid clades. The present study demonstrated the molecular occurrence of Piroplasmida in anteaters and Babesia sp. and Theileria sp. in armadillos from Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural, CEP, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Débora Regina Yogui
- ICAS - Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres - Projeto Bandeiras e Rodovias, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
- Nashville Zoo at Grassmere, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mario Henrique Alves
- ICAS - Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres - Projeto Bandeiras e Rodovias, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Conservation (PPGEC), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Arnaud Leonard Jean Desbiez
- ICAS - Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres - Projeto Bandeiras e Rodovias, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
- RZSS - The Royal Zoological Society of Scotland, Murrayfield, Edinburgh, EH12, UK
| | - Danilo Kluyber
- ICAS - Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres - Projeto Bandeiras e Rodovias, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
- Naples Zoo at the Caribbean Gardens, Naples, FL, USA
| | | | - Paulo Vitor Cadina Arantes
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural, CEP, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Mariele de Santi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural, CEP, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Karin Werther
- Wildlife Pathology Service, Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural, CEP, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, s/n, Zona Rural, CEP, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil.
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6
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Krawczak FDS, Calchi AC, Neves LC, Dias SA, da Silva BBF, Paula WVDF, de Paula LGF, Tavares MA, Pádua GT, de Lima NJ, Cardoso ERN, Graziani D, Dantas-Torres F, André MR. Phylogenetic Inferences Based on Distinct Molecular Markers Confirm a Novel Babesia Species ( Babesia goianiaensis nov. sp.) in Capybaras ( Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and Associated Ticks. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2022. [PMID: 37630582 PMCID: PMC10459827 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Piroplasmids (order Piroplasmida) are a diverse group of tick-borne protozoa that may cause disease in animals and occasionally in humans. Novel Piroplasmida clades and species have been found in wild animals from Brazil based on the phylogenetic assessment of near-complete 18S rRNA, mitochondrial and heat-shock protein genes. For instance, a putative novel Babesia species has been detected in capybaras and Amblyomma ticks in three Brazilian states. The present work aimed to describe, using phylogenetic assessments based on distinct molecular markers, this novel Babesia species in capybaras and associated ticks (Amblyomma sculptum and Amblyomma dubitatum) sampled in Goiânia city, Goiás state, midwestern Brazil. While the phylogenetic analysis based on both near-complete 18S rRNA and hsp-70 genes positioned the sequences obtained from capybara blood samples into a new clade sister to the Babesia sensu stricto clade, the phylogenetic inference based on the COX-3 amino acid positioned the obtained sequences from capybara blood samples and A. sculptum ticks also into a clade sister to the Theileria sensu stricto clade, highlighting the inappropriateness of this marker inferring evolutionary relationships among piroplasmids. Pairwise distance analysis demonstrated that the divergence rates between the 18S rRNA sequences detected in capybaras and other Piroplasmida already described were very high and ranged from 9.4 to 12.9%. Genotype analysis based on the near-full 18S rRNA sequences of the Piroplasmida detected in capybaras and associated ticks demonstrated the occurrence of high genotype diversity at an intra-species level. In conclusion, phylogenetic analyses based on distinct molecular markers supported the description of Babesia goianiaensis nov. sp. in capybaras and associated Amblyomma ticks. Additionally, a novel phylogenetic clade, apart from the previously described ones, was described in the present study and contributed to untangling the complex evolutionary history of the Piroplasmida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe da Silva Krawczak
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cardoso Neves
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Sarah Alves Dias
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Bianca Barbara Fonseca da Silva
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Warley Vieira de Freitas Paula
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Luiza Gabriella Ferreira de Paula
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Mariana Avelar Tavares
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Gracielle Teles Pádua
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Nicolas Jalowitzki de Lima
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Ennya Rafaella Neves Cardoso
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Daniel Graziani
- Veterinary and Animal Science School, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-220, Brazil; (F.d.S.K.); (L.C.N.); (S.A.D.); (B.B.F.d.S.); (L.G.F.d.P.); (M.A.T.); (G.T.P.); (N.J.d.L.); (E.R.N.C.); (D.G.)
| | - Filipe Dantas-Torres
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Immunology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Recife 50740-465, Brazil;
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal 14884-900, Brazil
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7
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Trujillo M, Conan A, Calchi AC, Mertens-Scholtz K, Becker AA, Gallagher C, Mau A, Marchi S, Machado M, André MR, Chapwanya A, Müller A. Coxiella burnetii shedding and serological status in pregnant and postpartum ewes. Acta Trop 2023; 244:106962. [PMID: 37271355 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the occurence C. burnetii-DNA shedding by pregnant (vaginal mucus and feces) and postpartum (vaginal mucus, feces and milk) meat breed ewes from Saint Kitts. Additionally, antibodies anti-C. burnetii were detected in serum, and milk. Barbados Blackbelly ewes (n=187) were sampled using stratified convenience cross-sectional sampling. There were two animal groups: pregnant (n=96) and postpartum (n=91). Vaginal mucus (n=187), feces (n=177) and milk (n=83) samples were subjected to a TaqMan real time qPCR assay for C. burnetii based on the IS1111 multi copy element. IgG antibodies against C. burnetii were tested in blood serum (n=187) and milk (n=61) samples, via indirect ELISA. McNemar and Fischer exact tests were used to compare occurrence between routes and between groups, respectively. Overall, 86.6% of all the animals (162/187) were shedding C. burnetti DNA through at least one route (vaginal and/or fecal and/or milk). The DNA shedding occurrence via vaginal (73% vs 51%, p-value=0.003) and fecal routes (64% vs 47%, p-value=0.001) was higher in the pregnant compared to the postpartum animals. There was no prevalent shedding route among vaginal, fecal or milk in all ewes. Overall, 38% of the ewes were seropositive for C. burnetii IgG and a total of 19.7% of the tested postpartum ewes had IgG antibodies in milk. The vaginal and fecal DNA shedding were not associated with the blood serology, nor was milk DNA shedding related to the milk serology status, thus there was no association between C. burnetii seropositivity and bacterial DNA shedding. In short, high occurrence of C. burnetii DNA shedding was observed within ewes in St. Kitts, and represents the first detection of the Q fever agent within the Caribbean islands. Bacterial shedding was more prevalent in pregnant ewes, highlighting the importance of gestating animals as a source of C. burnetii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra Trujillo
- Graduate program, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Anne Conan
- Centre for Applied One Health Research and Policy Advice, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katja Mertens-Scholtz
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Jena, Germany
| | - Anne Amj Becker
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Christa Gallagher
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Alex Mau
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California- Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Silvia Marchi
- Research Laboratory, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Marcus Machado
- Research Laboratory, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aspinas Chapwanya
- Clinical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies
| | - Ananda Müller
- Biomedical Sciences Department, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis, West Indies; Instituto de Ciencias Clínicas Veterinarias, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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8
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Braga MDSCO, Costa FB, Calchi AC, de Mello VVC, Mongruel ACB, Dias CM, Bassini-Silva R, Silva EMC, Pereira JG, Ribeiro LSDS, da Costa AP, de Andrade FHE, Silva ALA, Machado RZ, André MR. Molecular detection and characterization of vector-borne agents in common opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) from northeastern Brazil. Acta Trop 2023:106955. [PMID: 37236334 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Opossums are synanthropic marsupials able to interchange among wild, peri-urban and urban environments, playing an epidemiologically important role as hosts for emerging pathogens and ectoparasites of relevance in public health. The present study aimed to detect and molecularly characterize vector-borne agents in a population of common opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) from the Island of São Luís do Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. Of the 45 animals analyzed, one (2.22%) was positive in the nested PCR assay based on the 18S rRNA gene of piroplasmids. The obtained sequence was phylogenetically positioned in a clade containing sequences of Babesia sp. previously detected in Didelphis aurita, Didelphis albiventris and associated ticks from Brazil. Eight (17.77%) samples were positive in PCR for Ehrlichia spp. based on the dsb gene; four samples were sequenced and positioned into a new clade, sister to E. minasensis and Ehrlichia sp. clade detected in Superorder Xenarthra mammals. No samples tested positive in the screening PCR assays based on the 16S rRNA gene of Anaplasma spp. Two samples were positive in the qPCR for Bartonella spp. based on the nuoG gene. Seven animals (15.56%) were positive in the nPCR based on the 16S rRNA gene of hemoplasmas. Of these, three were positive in a PCR based on the 23S rRNA gene. The phylogenies based on both 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes corroborated to each other and positioned the sequences in the same clade of hemoplasmas previously detected in D. aurita and D. albiventris sampled in Brazil. Finally, three (6.66%) animals were positive in the PCR for Hepatozoon spp.; the obtained 18S rRNA sequence was positioned into the H. felis clade.The present study showed, for the first time, the circulation of piroplasmids, Hepatozoon spp., Ehrlichia spp., hemoplasmas and Bartonella spp. in D. marsupialis sampled in northeastern Brazil, with description of putative novel genotypes of Ehrlichia and Hepatozoon and copositivity by different vector-borne agents. The present work consolidates the "South American Marsupialia" piroplasmid clade, adding one more genotype of Babesia sp. to this clade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Victória Valente Califre de Mello
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Anna Claudia Baumel Mongruel
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Clara Morato Dias
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bassini-Silva
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Department of Pathology, Reproduction and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Oliveira ÁFXD, Calchi AC, Stocco AV, Stocco NV, Costa AC, Mureb EN, Pires JR, Guimarães A, Raimundo JM, de Almeida Balthazar D, Machado RZ, André MR, Baldani CD. Expanding the universe of Piroplasmids: morphological detection and phylogenetic positioning of putative novel piroplasmids in black-eared opossums (Didelphis aurita) from southeastern Brazil, with description of "South American Marsupialia Group" of Piroplasmida. Parasitol Res 2023:10.1007/s00436-023-07852-0. [PMID: 37195507 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The growing proximity of wildlife to large urban niches arouses greater interest in understanding wild reservoirs in the epidemiology of diseases of importance to animal and human health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of piroplasmids in opossums rescued from the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Blood and bone marrow samples were collected from 15 Didelphis aurita and subjected to DNA extraction and PCR using primers for the 18S rRNA, cox1, cox3, and hsp70 genes of piroplasmids. Clinical and hematological evaluation of the animals was also performed. Five (33.3%) of the 15 opossums tested positive for piroplasms in the nested PCR based on the 18S rRNA, and in two animals, it was possible to observe intra-erythrocytic structures compatible with merozoites. One of the positive animals showed clinical signs of infection such as jaundice, fever, and apathy. Anemia, low level of plasma protein, leukocytosis, and regenerative erythrocyte signs were observed in positive animals. Phylogenetic analysis based on both 18S rRNA and cox-3 genes demonstrated that the piroplasmids detected in D. aurita formed a unique sub-clade, albeit related to piroplasmids previously detected in Didelphis albiventris and associated ticks from Brazil. This study proposes the novel Piroplasmida Clade, namely "South American Marsupialia Group," and reinforces the need for new clinical-epidemiological surveys to understand the dynamics of these infections in didelphids in Brazil.
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Grants
- 001 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- 001 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- 001 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- 001 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- 001 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- 001 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- 001 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #303701/2021-8 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico , Brasil
- #2020/12037-0 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo , Brasil
- #2020/12037-0 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo , Brasil
- #2020/12037-0 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo , Brasil
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Laboratório de Bioagentes Transmitidos Por Vetores, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução E Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Anieli Vidal Stocco
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Naiara Vidal Stocco
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Carvalho Costa
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elisabeth Neves Mureb
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Rocha Pires
- Centro de Recuperação de Animais Silvestres - CRAS, Universidade Estácio de Sá - UNESA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andresa Guimarães
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana Macedo Raimundo
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Almeida Balthazar
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Laboratório de Bioagentes Transmitidos Por Vetores, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução E Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Laboratório de Bioagentes Transmitidos Por Vetores, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução E Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Divan Baldani
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
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10
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Oliveira ÁFXD, Calchi AC, Mongruel ACB, Stocco AV, Stocco NV, Costa AC, Mureb EN, Pires JR, Guimarães A, Balthazar DDA, Machado RZ, André MR, Baldani CD. Molecular detection of hemoplasmas in rescued black-eared opossums (Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826) from southeastern Brazil, with evidence of a novel genotype infecting marsupials. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2023; 32:e016422. [PMID: 36995838 PMCID: PMC10062018 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612023015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing concern about the participation of wild hosts and reservoirs in the epidemiology of several pathogens, particularly within the context of environmental changes and the expansion of the One Health concept. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of hemoplasmas in opossums rescued from the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 15 Didelphis aurita and subjected to DNA extraction and PCR using primers for the 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA genes. Physical examination and hematological analysis were also performed. Three out of 15 opossums tested positive for hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. by PCR and showed hematological alterations such as anemia and leukocytosis. Clinical signs were non-specific and associated to traumatic lesions. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the hemoplasma detected was positioned between 'Ca. Mycoplasma haemodidelphis' detected in D. virginiana from North American and hemoplasmas recently detected in D. aurita from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. This study indicates the existence of hemoplasma infections in D. aurita from the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, and reinforce the need for new epidemiological inquiries to clarify the participation of these in the dynamics of circulation of tick-borne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Anna Claudia Baumel Mongruel
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Anieli Vidal Stocco
- Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Naiara Vidal Stocco
- Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Carvalho Costa
- Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Elizabeth Neves Mureb
- Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Jeferson Rocha Pires
- Centro de Recuperação de Animais Silvestres - CRAS, Universidade Estácio de Sá - UNESA, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Andresa Guimarães
- Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica - INMA, Santa Tereza, ES, Brasil
| | - Daniel de Almeida Balthazar
- Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Cristiane Divan Baldani
- Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Seropédica, RJ, Brasil
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11
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Scariot CA, Scariot J, de Souza Ramos IA, Gonçalves LR, Calchi AC, André MR, Machado RZ, Costa MM, Kreutz LC, Zanella R, Vieira MIB. Bovine anaplasmosis as a risk factor for retained placenta, mastitis, and abomasal displacement in dairy cattle. Res Vet Sci 2023; 154:145-150. [PMID: 36599268 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of IgG antibodies against A. marginale, the occurrence of this bacterium by qPCR, and the effect of bovine anaplasmosis as a risk factor for clinical cases of retained placenta, mastitis, and abomasal displacement in dairy cattle. For that 179 Holstein cows out of three dairy herds, in the municipality of Sertão, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. These cows were on farms that were vulnerable to risk factors that are crucial to susceptibility among these animals to this intracellular hemoparasite. The mean seropositivity for A. marginale from the periods evaluated was 54% on farm A, 69.4% on farm B, and 27.3% on farm C. Molecular diagnosis was performed with qPCR and the mean positivity for A. marginale among the cows on farms A, B, and C in December 2017 was 34.6% (67/179). Infected animals showed clinical cases of retained placenta (6.1%), mastitis (6.1%), and abomasal displacement (0.5%). The association between positivity for anaplasmosis and these clinical cases was assessed through the odds ratio. Our results show that females with a positive qPCR assay for A. marginale had 52.48 times increased probability (OR) to develop clinical cases of retained placenta and mastitis (P < 0.001). These clinical cases negatively impact the productivity of positive females. Thus, implementing preventive and prophylactic control measures to ensure the sanitary quality of the herds is needed to avoid losses due to morbidity and mortality and diminish the economic losses suffered by farmers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Almeida Scariot
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo - UPF, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Julian Scariot
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo - UPF, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Inalda Angélica de Souza Ramos
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, FCAV/UNESP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, FCAV/UNESP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, FCAV/UNESP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, FCAV/UNESP, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Campus de Jaboticabal, FCAV/UNESP, Brazil
| | - Márcio Machado Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo - UPF, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Kreutz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo - UPF, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Zanella
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo - UPF, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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12
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Mongruel ACB, Medici EP, da Costa Canena A, Calchi AC, Perles L, Rodrigues BCB, Soares JF, Machado RZ, André MR. Theileria terrestris nov. sp.: A Novel Theileria in Lowland Tapirs ( Tapirus terrestris) from Two Different Biomes in Brazil. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122319. [PMID: 36557572 PMCID: PMC9784709 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-land tapir (Tapirus terrestris) is the largest wild terrestrial mammal found in Brazil. Although T. terrestris has been already reported as a host of hemoparasites, the occurrence and genetic identity of Piroplasmida agents in this species is still cloudy. Although it is reported that Theileria equi, an endemic equid-infective agent in Brazil, is occurring in lowland tapirs, these reports are probably misconceived diagnoses since they are solely based on small fragments of 18S rRNA that may not achieve accurate topologies on phylogenetic analyses. The present study aimed to detect and investigate the identity of Theileria spp. in tapirs from Pantanal and Cerrado biomes. Blood-DNA samples from tapirs were screened for a partial (~800 bp) 18S rRNA gene fragment from Piroplasmida and 64 (64/122; 52.46% CI: 43.66-61.11%) presented bands of expected size. Samples were submitted to different protocols for molecular characterization, including near-full length 18S rRNA gene (~1500 bp), and the ema-1 gene from T. equi. Eight sequences were obtained for extended fragments (1182-1473 bp) from the 18S rRNA gene. Moreover, three sequences from partial cox-1 and five from partial hsp70 gene were obtained. None of the samples presented amplifications for the ema-1 gene. Phylogenetic and distance analyses from the 18S rRNA sequences obtained demonstrated a clear separation from tapirs' Theileria spp. and T. equi. Phylogenetic analyses of cox-1 and hsp70 sequences obtained herein also showed a unique clade formed by tapir's Theileria spp. Theileria terrestris sp. nov. is positioned apart from all other Theileria species in 18S rRNA, cox-1, and hps70 phylogenetic analyses. This novel proposed species represents a new Piroplasmida clade, yet to be characterized regarding biological features, vectors involved in the transmission cycles, additional vertebrate hosts, and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Claudia Baumel Mongruel
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única—Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Emília Patrícia Medici
- Iniciativa Nacional para a Conservação da Anta Brasileira (INCAB), Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (IPÊ), Campo Grande 79046-150, MS, Brazil
- Escola Superior de Conservação Ambiental e Sustentabilidade (ESCAS/IPÊ), Nazaré Paulista 12960-000, SP, Brazil
- IUCN SSC Tapir Specialist Group (TSG), Campo Grande 79046-150, MS, Brazil
| | - Ariel da Costa Canena
- Iniciativa Nacional para a Conservação da Anta Brasileira (INCAB), Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (IPÊ), Campo Grande 79046-150, MS, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única—Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Lívia Perles
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única—Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Cardenal Balla Rodrigues
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única—Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - João Fabio Soares
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais (ProtoZooVet), Departamento de Patologia Clínica Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única—Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Vector-Borne Bioagents Laboratory (VBBL), Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única—Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3209-7302; Fax: +55-16-3202-4275
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André MR, Calchi AC, Perles L, Gonçalves LR, Uccella L, Lemes JRB, Nantes WAG, Santos FM, Porfírio GEDO, Barros-Battesti DM, Herrera HM, Machado RZ. Novel Ehrlichia and Hepatozoon genotypes in white-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) and associated ticks from Brazil. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:102022. [PMID: 35973262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.102022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
White-eared opossums (Didelphis albiventris) are well adapted to anthropized areas. The increased contact with domestic animals and humans mediates the transmission of arthropod-borne pathogens. Despite the worldwide occurrence of tick-borne Anaplasmataceae and Hepatozoidae species in a variety of vertebrates, few studies reported serological evidence or molecular detection of theses agentes in marsupials. Up to now, while Ehrlichia/Anaplasma spp. have only been detected in marsupials from Brazil, Hepatozoon spp. have been reported in marsupials from Chile, Australia and Brazil. The present work aimed to investigate, using molecular techniques and blood smear analysis, the presence of Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma spp., and Hepatozoon sp. in the blood and ticks collected from D. albiventris in urban forest fragments from midwestern Brazil. Between May and December 2017, 43 D. albiventris (27 males and 16 females) were captured for blood and tick collection in the city of Campo Grande, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, midwestern Brazil. Ticks (46 Amblyomma dubitatum nymphs and 24 Amblyomma spp. larvae) were collected from 14 out 43 (32.5%) of the white-eared opossums. Panoptic-stained blood smears were performed using peripheral blood (tail tip) of the captured opossums. DNA extracted from blood and tick samples were subjected to PCR/qPCR assays for Anaplasmataceae agents (rrs, gltA, groEL, sodB, and dsb genes, and 23S-5S intergenic region) and Hepatozoon spp. (18S rRNA gene), followed by Sanger sequencing, BLASTn and phylogenetic analyses. An inclusion resembling Ehrlichia morulae was found in a white-eared opossum's monocyte from a blood smear stained with Panoptic. Five (11.63% [5/43]) white-eared opossums' blood samples and 7 (25% [7/28]) tick samples (2 pools of Amblyomma spp. larvae and 5 pools of A. dubitatum nymphs) were positive for Anaplasmataceae via a PCR assay targeting the conserved rrs gene. Phylogenetic analysis based on the rrs gene positioned three sequences obtained from opossums and ticks together as a subclade within the Ehrlichia canis clade. However, all samples were negative in a qPCR assay specific for E. canis based on the dsb gene. Phylogenetic analyses positioned the gltA and 23S-5S ITS sequences obtained from opossums' blood samples in a separate clade from the other validated Ehrlichia species. One (2.3% [1/43]) opossum blood sample was positive for the 18S rRNA gene of Hepatozoon sp. The phylogenetic analysis positioned the Hepatozoon sp. sequence obtained from a D. albiventris specimen in a clade with a sequence previously detected in a black storm petrel (Oceanodroma melania) from Mexico. All the other sequences of Hepatozoon sp. previously detected in marsupials from Brazil were positioned in a separated clade. The present work showed the occurrence of putative novel genotypes of Ehrlichia sp. and Hepatozoon sp. in white-eared opossums and associated A. dubitatum ticks from midwestern Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Rogério André
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia Perles
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Uccella
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jhessye Rafaela Batista Lemes
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wesley Arruda Gimenes Nantes
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Filipe Martins Santos
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Grasiela Edith de Oliveira Porfírio
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heitor Miraglia Herrera
- Laboratório de Biologia Parasitária, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Bassini-Silva R, Castro-Santiago AC, Calchi AC, Perles L, Takatsu JC, Alencar IDCC, Ochoa R, Dowling APG, Werther K, André MR, Barros-Battesti DM, Jacinavicius FDC. Sleeping with the enemy: case reports of Ornithonyssus bursa (Berlese, 1888) (Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae) causing human dermatitis in Brazil. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:2641-2649. [PMID: 35802162 PMCID: PMC9263438 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07589-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Ornithonyssus bursa, known as the “tropical fowl mite,” is a hematophagous mite of domestic and wild birds, which occasionally bites humans. Accidental bites on humans occur mainly when abandoned bird nests are close to homes or when people are handling parasitized birds. In the present study, we describe five case reports of bites on humans and new records of localities for this species. Based on the material examined, we provide morphological and molecular characterizations for this species herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Bassini-Silva
- Laboratório de Coleções Zoológicas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. .,Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Livia Perles
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Isabel D C C Alencar
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Ronald Ochoa
- Systematic Entomology Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Ashley P G Dowling
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Karin Werther
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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15
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Santana MDS, Hoppe EGL, Carraro PE, Calchi AC, de Oliveira LB, Bressianini do Amaral R, Mongruel ACB, Machado DMR, Burger KP, Barros-Batestti DM, Machado RZ, André MR. Molecular detection of vector-borne agents in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and associated ticks from Brazil, with evidence of putative new genotypes of Ehrlichia, Anaplasma and hemoplasmas. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:e2808-e2831. [PMID: 35717607 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate, by molecular techniques, the occurrence of Anaplasmataceae, Bartonellaceae, Rickettsiaceae, Mycoplasmataceae, Coxiellaceae e Babesiidae/Theileriidae agents in blood samples of free-living wild boars (Sus scrofa) and associated ticks in southeastern Brazil. For this purpose, 67 blood samples and 265 ticks (264 Amblyomma sculptum and one A. ovale) were analyzed. In the screening for Anaplasmataceae agents by a PCR assay based on the 16S rRNA gene, 5.97% blood samples and 50.54% ticks were positive. In the PCR assay for Ehrlichia spp. based on the dsb gene, 9.24% of ticks were positive. Despite the low occurrence, a possible new 16S rRNA genotype of Anaplasma sp. was detected in a wild boar's blood sample. According to phylogenetic analyses based on the groEL, gltA, sodB genes and ITS (23S-5S rRNA) intergenic region, it was found that A. sculptum and A. ovale ticks collected from wild boars carry Ehrlichia genotypes phylogenetically associated with E. ewingii, E. ruminantium, and new Ehrlichia genotypes previously detected in horses, peccaries, and ticks collected from jaguars. In the screening for hemoplasmas by a qPCR based on the 16S rRNA gene, 88.06% of blood samples and 8.69% of ticks were positive. Mycoplasma suis, M. parvum and a possible new hemoplasma genotype were detected in wild boars in southeastern Brazil. In the screening for Bartonella spp. using a nuoG-based qPCR assay, 3.8% of tick samples were positive. Phylogenetic inferences positioned four nuoG and one r gltA Bartonella sequences into the same clade as Bartonella machadoae. No blood or tick samples from wild boars showed to be positive in the qPCR for Coxiella burnetii based on the IS1111 gene. On the other hand, only 1.6% of ticks was positive in the nested PCR assay for piroplasmids based on the 18S rRNA gene. A 18S rRNA sequence detected in a pool of A. sculptum nymphs was phylogenetically close to Cytauxzoon felis sequences previously detected in cats from the United States. Rickettsia sp. closely related to R. bellii was detected in a pool of A. sculptum nymphs. This is the first report of hemoplasmas, B. machadoae and Cytauxzoon spp. in A. sculptum. Wild boars and associated ticks do not seem to participate in the epidemiological cycle of C. burnetii in the region studied. This invasive mammal species may act as a potential disperser of ticks infected with Ehrlichia spp., Bartonella spp., hemotropic mycoplasmas, and Cytauxzoon, and may bring important epidemiological implications in the transmission of bartonelosis, ehrlichiosis, hemoplasmosis, and cytauxzoonosis to humans and animals, more specifically to horses, rodents, pigs, and cats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus de Souza Santana
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Estevam Guilherme Lux Hoppe
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Eduardo Carraro
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Laryssa Borges de Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Renan Bressianini do Amaral
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Anna Claudia Baumel Mongruel
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Dália Monique Ribeiro Machado
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina Paes Burger
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Batestti
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Department of Pathology, Reproduction, and One Health - Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences/University State Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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de Oliveira LB, Calchi AC, Vultão JG, Yogui DR, Kluyber D, Alves MH, Desbiez ALJ, de Santi M, Soares AG, Soares JF, Werther K, Teixeira MMG, Machado RZ, André MR. Molecular investigation of hemotropic mycoplasmas and Coxiella burnetii in free-living Xenarthra mammals from Brazil, with evidence of new hemoplasma species. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:e1877-e1891. [PMID: 35298081 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Although mammals of the superorder Xenarthra are considered hosts of a wide range of zoonotic agents, works aiming at investigating the role of these animals as hosts for bacteria with zoonotic potential are rare. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecularly characterize Coxiella burnetii and hemoplasma (hemotropic mycoplasmas) DNA in blood and spleen samples from 397 free-living Xenarthra mammals (233 sloths, 107 anteaters, and 57 armadillos) in five Brazilian states (Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Pará, Rondônia, and Rio Grande do Sul). All biological samples from Xenarthra were negative in the qPCR for Coxiella burnetii based on the IS1111 gene. The absence of C. burnetii DNA in blood and spleen samples from Xenarthra suggests that these mammals may not act as possible hosts for this agent in the locations studied. When performed conventional PCR assays for the endogenous (gapdh) mammalian gene, 386 samples were positive. When screened by molecular assays based on the 16S rRNA gene of hemoplasmas, 81 samples were positive, of which 15.54% (60/386) were positive by conventional PCR and 5.44% (21/386) were positive by real-time PCR; three samples were positive in both assays. Of these, 39.74% (31/78) were also positive for the 23S rRNA gene and 7.69% (6/78) for the hemoplasma RNAse P gene. Among the samples positive for hemoplasmas, 25.64% (20/78) were obtained from anteaters (Tamandua tetradactyla and Myrmecophaga tridactyla), 39.74% (31/78) from sloths (Bradypus tridactylus, Bradypus sp. and Choloepus sp.) 34.61% (27/78) from armadillos (Priodontes maximus, Euphractus sexcinctus and Dasypus novemcinctus). A hemoplasma 16S rRNA sequence closely related and showing high identity (99.7%) to Mycoplasma wenyonii was detected, for the first time, in B. tridactylus. Based on the low identity and phylogenetic positioning of 16S rRNA and 23S rRNA sequences of hemoplasmas detected in anteaters and armadillos, the present study showed, for the first time, the occurrence of putative new Candidatus hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. ('Candidatus Mycoplasma haematotetradactyla' and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematomaximus') in Xenarthra mammals from Brazil. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laryssa Borges de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Débora Regina Yogui
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
| | - Danilo Kluyber
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil.,Pesquisador associado do Naples Zoo at the Caribbean Gardens, Naples, USA
| | - Mário Henrique Alves
- Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres (ICAS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Mariele de Santi
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Girotto Soares
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - João Fabio Soares
- Laboratório de Protozoologia e Rickettsioses Vetoriais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karin Werther
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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17
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Mongruel ACB, Medici EP, Canena ADC, Calchi AC, Machado RZ, André MR. Expanding the Universe of Hemoplasmas: Multi-Locus Sequencing Reveals Putative Novel Hemoplasmas in Lowland Tapirs ( Tapirus terrestris), the Largest Land Mammals in Brazil. Microorganisms 2022; 10:614. [PMID: 35336189 PMCID: PMC8950906 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) is the largest land mammal in Brazil and classified as a vulnerable species, according to the assessment of the risk of extinction. The present study aimed at investigating the occurrence and genetic diversity of hemoplasmas in free-ranging T. terrestris from the Brazilian Pantanal and Cerrado biomes. Blood samples were collected from 94 living and eight road-killed tapirs, totalizing 125 samples Conventional PCR targeting four different genes (16S rRNA, 23S rRNA, RNAse P, and dnaK) were performed, and the obtained sequences were submitted for phylogenetic, genotype diversity, and distance analyses. The association between hemoplasma positivity and possible risk variables (age, gender, and origin) was assessed. Out of 122 analyzed samples, 41 (41/122; 33.61% CI: 25.84-42.38%) were positive in the 16S rRNA-based PCR assay for hemoplasmas. Positivity for hemoplasmas did not differ between tapirs' gender and age. Tapirs from Pantanal were 5.64 times more likely to present positive results for hemoplasmas when compared to tapirs sampled in Cerrado. BLASTn, phylogenetic, genotype diversity, and distance analyses performed herein showed that the sampled lowland tapirs might be infected by two genetically distinct hemoplasmas, namely 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoterrestris' and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematotapirus'. While the former was positioned into "Mycoplasma haemofelis group" and closely related to 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum, the latter was positioned into "Mycoplasma suis group" and closely related to 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haematobos'. The impact of both putative novel species on tapir health status should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Claudia Baumel Mongruel
- Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Theriogenology, and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.B.M.); (A.C.C.); (R.Z.M.)
| | - Emília Patrícia Medici
- Iniciativa Nacional para a Conservação da Anta Brasileira (INCAB), Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (IPÊ), Campo Grande 79046-150, MS, Brazil; (E.P.M.); (A.d.C.C.)
- Escola Superior de Conservação Ambiental e Sustentabilidade (ESCAS/IPÊ), Nazaré Paulista 12960-000, SP, Brazil
- Tapir Specialist Group (TSG), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN SSC), Campo Grande 79046-150, MS, Brazil
| | - Ariel da Costa Canena
- Iniciativa Nacional para a Conservação da Anta Brasileira (INCAB), Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas (IPÊ), Campo Grande 79046-150, MS, Brazil; (E.P.M.); (A.d.C.C.)
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Theriogenology, and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.B.M.); (A.C.C.); (R.Z.M.)
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Theriogenology, and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.B.M.); (A.C.C.); (R.Z.M.)
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Immunoparasitology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Theriogenology, and One Health, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, UNESP, Jaboticabal 14884-900, SP, Brazil; (A.C.B.M.); (A.C.C.); (R.Z.M.)
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Silva TMVD, Graciolli G, Santi MD, Calchi AC, Machado ACDQ, Werther K, Machado RZ, Barros-Battesti DM, André MR. Occurrence of the louse fly Ornithoctona erythrocephala Leach (1817) (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) on a free-living red-legged seriema (Cariama cristata). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 30:e025520. [PMID: 34076052 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612021030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to report, for the first time, the occurrence of the hippoboscid fly Ornithoctona erythrocephala on a red-legged seriema (Cariama cristata). A Diptera specimen was found among the feathers of a free-living red-legged seriema, which was referred to necropsy at the Wild Animal Pathology Service, UNESP Jaboticabal. The fly was collected, stored in absolute alcohol, and shipped to the Institute of Biosciences of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul for proper identification. Based on morphological characters, the specimen was identified as a female of Ornithoctona erythrocephala. This study provides a report on a new host for O. erythrocephala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Merighi Vieira da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Gustavo Graciolli
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - Mariele De Santi
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Karin Werther
- Laboratório de Patologia de Animais Selvagens, Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Darci Moraes Barros-Battesti
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reprodução e Saúde Única, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
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19
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Sacchi ABV, André MR, Calchi AC, de Santi M, Guimarães A, Pires JR, Baldani CD, Werther K, Machado RZ. Molecular and serological detection of arthropod-borne pathogens in carnivorous birds from Brazil. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2021; 23:100539. [PMID: 33678392 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rickettsiales, Haemosporida and Rhizobiales agents can cause diseases that affect various animal species, including humans. Due to predation behaviour, carnivorous birds may play an important role in spreading these etiological agentes across geographically distant areas, specially if they are migratory. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and to access the phylogenetic relations among Anaplasmataceae (Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Neorickettsia), Bartonellaceae (Bartonella spp.), and Haemosporida (Plasmodium, Haemoproteus and Leucocytozoon) agents in blood samples from 121 carnivorous birds sampled in the states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Inclusions resembling hemoparasites were not observed in Giemsa-stained preparations. While three animals were seropositive for E. chaffeensis (3.41% [3/88]; 95% CI:1.17-9.55%), five showed antibodies to A. phagocytophilum (5.68% [5/88]; 95% CI: 2.45-12.62%). Despite the detection of rrs gene fragments closely related to E. chaffeensis (4.13% [5/121]; 95% CI: 1.78-9.31%), no positivity was observed in the qPCR based on the genes vlpt for the organism. Similarly, 12 (9.91% [12/121]; 95% CI: 5.76-16.74%) samples were positive in the qPCR for Anaplasma spp. based on groEL gene, but negative in the qPCR for A. phagocytophilum based on msp-2 gene. Three samples were positive in the nPCR for E. canis based on rrs gene. Three samples were positive for Haemoproteus spp. and one for Plasmodium spp. in the nPCR based on cytB gene. Four birds (3.3% [4/121]; 95% CI: 1.29-8.19%) presented co-positivity by Ehrlichia sp. and Anaplasma sp. in molecular assays. One (0.82% [1/121]; 95% CI:0.15-4.53%) bird showed to be seropositive for E. chaffeensis and and positive in PCR for Haemoproteus sp. All birds were negative in the qPCR assay for Bartonella spp. (nuoG). The present work showed the occurrence of Anaplasmataceae agents and hemosporidians in carnivorous birds from southeastern Brazil. The role of these animals in the dispersion of Anaplasmataceae agents should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Beatriz Vieira Sacchi
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reproducao e Saude Unica, Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reproducao e Saude Unica, Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reproducao e Saude Unica, Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariele de Santi
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reproducao e Saude Unica, Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andresa Guimarães
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica - Diagnóstico Animal, Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Rocha Pires
- Centro de Recuperação de Animais Silvestres (CRAS), Universidade Estácio de Sá - UNESA, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Divan Baldani
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica - Diagnóstico Animal, Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinária, Instituto de Veterinária, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karin Werther
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reproducao e Saude Unica, Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Departamento de Patologia, Reproducao e Saude Unica, Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Machado DMR, Arias-Pacheco CA, Calchi AC, Ferraudo AS, Carvalho AAB, Pereira LEC, Ramalho WM, Melo MM. Knowledge about human visceral leishmaniosis in an endemic area in Pernambuco, Brazil. Eur J Public Health 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The timely detection and adequate attention of cases of Human Visceral Leishmaniasis can provide a reduction in the morbidity and mortality of this disease. This study evaluated the degree of knowledge about Human Visceral Leishmaniasis among professionals from basic health units in the municipality of Caruaru, an endemic area for Visceral Leishmaniasis in the state of Pernambuco-Brazil. From June to August 2017, questionnaires were applied to doctors and nurses of the units that presented cases and / or deaths due to LVH between the years 2006 and 2015. Regarding the results, it was possible to verify, from the analysis of multiple correspondence, important interdependence relations such as the lack of knowledge of the endemicity of the Municipality in question with the misinformation about treatment, in addition to the association between not knowing the etiologic agent of the disease and the lack of knowledge about the treatment and the municipal health unit, suggesting an impediment to the control of LVH. The results also demonstrated a general lack of knowledge regarding the etiological, epidemiological, assistance and surveillance aspects of this condition in the city and the need to train these professionals on the subject, considering that knowledge about visceral leishmaniasis is considered a protective factor and capable to reduce the risk of this disease occurring. Therefore, we emphasize the need to maintain, review and restructure the control and prevention measures already known and implemented. However, it is necessary to strengthen a valuable and fundamental area in the fight against the disease, that of health education, focusing mainly on primary care professionals, who are still the main source of welcome for sick individuals. These are fundamental to reduce the morbidity and mortality of human VL, as a link in the transmission chain, but also as perpetuators of information about the disease in order to prevent it through attitudes.
Key messages
One of the main impacts of this work is the applicability and utility in health services in Brazil and other countries that face neglected diseases such as visceral leishmaniasis. Another great contribution of this work is to demonstrate, in a practical example, how education is fundamental in prevention and health promotion strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M R Machado
- Veterinary Medicina Preventive, UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C A Arias-Pacheco
- Veterinary Medicina Preventive, UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C Calchi
- Veterinary Medicina Preventive, UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A S Ferraudo
- Veterinary Medicina Preventive, UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A A B Carvalho
- Veterinary Medicina Preventive, UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L E C Pereira
- Veterinary Medicina Preventive, UNESP/FCAV, Jaboticabal-São Paulo, Brazil
| | - W M Ramalho
- Tropical Medicine, University of Brasília, Brasília, Brazil
| | - M M Melo
- Animal Science and Health, UFCG/Patos, Campina Grande-Paraíba, Brazil
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21
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Calchi AC, Vultão JG, Alves MH, Yogui DR, Desbiez ALJ, Amaral RB, Santi M, Teixeira MMG, Werther K, Machado RZ, André MR. Multi-locus sequencing reveals a novel Bartonella in mammals from the Superorder Xenarthra. Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:2020-2033. [PMID: 32162470 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The superorder Xenarthra consists of sloths, anteaters and armadillos, mammals originated from South America and currently distributed from the south of North America to the south of South America. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence and genetic diversity of Bartonella spp. in blood and spleen samples from free-living Xenarthra mammals in the states of São Paulo (SP), Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), Rondônia (RO) and Pará (PA). Based on a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay, a Bartonella spp. nuoG gene fragment was detected in 1.51% (5/330) of the samples: 4 six-banded armadillos (Euphractus sexcinctus) sampled in the MS and 1 southern tamandua (Tamandua tetradactyla) sampled in the PA. Eight sequences (5 ftsZ, 2 gltA and 1 rpoB) were obtained in the conventional PCR assays. In both phylogenetic analyses based on Bayesian and distance (SplitsTree) methods, the obtained ftsZ, gltA and rpoB sequences were positioned in a distinct clade, but related to B. washoensis. The analysis of SplitsTree and genotype networks based on B. washoensis sequences from several hosts from various localities of the world showed that the sequences of the present study were allocated in a group separated from the other sequences, indicating that they probably originated from median vectors and large numbers of mutational events. Additionally, the analyses performed by BLAST showed low percentages of identities of the sequences obtained in the present study when compared to those previously deposited in GenBank. Therefore, we propose a new Candidatus to Bartonella occurring in Xenarthra in Brazil. The present study was the first to report the occurrence of Bartonella sp. in mammals of the superorder Xenarthra in the world, and it was the first to describe a new Candidatus related to B. washoensis in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Henrique Alves
- ICAS - Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres - Projeto Bandeiras e Rodovias, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Débora Regina Yogui
- ICAS - Instituto de Conservação de Animais Silvestres - Projeto Bandeiras e Rodovias, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | | | - Renan Bressianini Amaral
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Mariele Santi
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | | | - Karin Werther
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Jaboticabal, Brazil
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22
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Pedrassani D, Biolchi J, Gonçalves LR, Mendes NS, Zanatto DCDS, Calchi AC, Machado RZ, André MR. Molecular detection of vector-borne agents in cats in Southern Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:632-643. [PMID: 31596318 DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612019077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study used serological and molecular methods to investigate the occurrence of vector-borne pathogens (VBP) with zoonotic potential in cats neutered at the University Veterinary Hospital in Canoinhas, Santa Catarina. The combined PCR and serological results revealed that 17 (56.6%) cats were positive for one or more pathogens. The sampled cats had antibodies to Ehrlichia spp. (7/30), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (3/30) and Leishmania infantum (2/30). The PCR assay detected DNA closely related to Ehrlichia canis in 6/30 cats, Mycoplasma haemofelis in 2/30 cats, A. phagocytophilum and Cytauxzoon sp. in one cat each. While Bartonella clarridgeiae and B. henselae were detected in two cats each, and B. koehlerae was detected in one cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Pedrassani
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Contestado - UnC, Canoinhas, SC, Brasil
| | - Juliano Biolchi
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Contestado - UnC, Canoinhas, SC, Brasil
| | - Luiz Ricardo Gonçalves
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Natalia Serra Mendes
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Diego Carlos de Souza Zanatto
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias - FCAV, Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP, Brasil
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Zanatto DCDS, Duarte JMB, Labruna MB, Tasso JB, Calchi AC, Machado RZ, André MR. Evidence of exposure to Coxiella burnetii in neotropical free-living cervids in South America. Acta Trop 2019; 197:105037. [PMID: 31128095 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Coxiella burnetii (order Legionellales, family Coxiellaceae), the etiological agent of Q fever, is a pleomorphic, obligate Gram-negative intracellular bacillococcus that can infect humans and animals. Among the mammals hosting this agent, both domestic and wild ruminants are of particular economic and public health importance. Ticks and other hematophagous arthropods or aerosols are incriminated in the transmission between reservoirs and susceptible hosts. This study used serological and molecular methods to investigate the C. burnetii occurrence in blood samples from free-living deer (143 Blastocerus dichotomus, 27 Mazama gouazoubira, 4 M. bororo, 3 M. americana, and 11 Ozotocerus bezoarticus) sampled in Mato-Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Goiás and Paraná states in Brazil. The DNA extracted from the blood samples of 188 cervids was submitted to nested (n) PCR for C. burnetii based on the IS1111 repetitive insertion element of the heat shock protein (htpAB) gene. Additionally, 169 serum samples were submitted to Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFAT) to detect Ig antibodies to C. burnetii. The nPCR results indicated that all blood samples were negative, evidencing the absence of circulating C. burnetii DNA in cervids from the studied regions or, alternatively, the C. burnetii DNA concentration in the deer blood samples was below the threshold of the used PCR technique. On the other hand, 5.32% (9/169) of deer were seropositive for C. burnetii by IFAT, with titers ranging from 256 and 16,384. In conclusion, the present work showed the first evidence of exposure of free-living deer to C. burnetii in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Carlos de Souza Zanatto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Microbiologia Agropecuária, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Bahia Labruna
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Júlia Banhareli Tasso
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Departamento de Patologia Veterinária, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil.
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de Mello VVC, de Souza Ramos IA, Herrera HM, Mendes NS, Calchi AC, Campos JBV, Macedo GC, Alves JVA, Machado RZ, André MR. Occurrence and genetic diversity of hemoplasmas in beef cattle from the Brazilian Pantanal, an endemic area for bovine trypanosomiasis in South America. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 66:101337. [PMID: 31437678 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) are Gram-negative bacteria that parasitize the erythrocyte surface of a wide variety of mammals. The present study aimed at investigating the occurrence of hemoplasmas in beef cattle in the Brazilian Pantanal, an area endemic for bovine trypanosomiasis in South America. Additionally, the objective of this study was to characterize molecularly the genotypes of the found hemoplasmas. For this purpose, blood and serum samples of 400 beef cattle were collected from five properties in Corumbá, Nhecolândia sub-region, Mato Grosso do Sul, in Midwest Brazil. Blood samples underwent DNA extraction and standard 16S rRNA gene-based PCR assays for hemoplasmas. The sequences obtained were submitted to phylogenetic inferences, distance analysis, and genotype diversity. The Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunoabsorbent Assay (iELISA) indicated the presence of anti-Trypanosoma vivax IgG antibodies in 89.75% of the animals sampled, confirming the endemicity of said agent in the studied region. Among the 400 bovine blood samples tested, 2.25% (9/400) were positive for hemoplasmas in cPCR. The phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences confirmed the presence of 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos' and Mycoplasma wenyonii DNA in 0.5% (2/400) and 1.75% (7/400) animals, respectively. Five genotypes of M. wenyonii and one of 'Candidatus M. haemobos' were detected among the sequenced amplicons. The present study showed low molecular occurrence of haemoplasmas in beef cattle sampled in the Brazilian Pantanal, an area endemic for bovine trypanosomiasis. Despite of the conservation of the 16S rRNA gene, there was considerable diversity of hemoplasma genotypes infecting the sampled beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victória Valente Califre de Mello
- Graduate Program in Agricultural Microbiology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/ Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Inalda Angélica de Souza Ramos
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/ Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Natalia Serra Mendes
- Graduate Program in Agricultural Microbiology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/ Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Calchi
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/ Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Rosangela Zacarias Machado
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/ Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias/ Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCAV/UNESP), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
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André MR, Filgueira KD, Calchi AC, Sousa KCMD, Gonçalves LR, Medeiros VB, Ximenes PA, Lelis ICNG, Meireles MVND, Machado RZ. Co-infection with arthropod-borne pathogens in domestic cats. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet 2017; 26:525-531. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612017064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The role of several feline vector-borne pathogens (FVBP) as a cause of disease in cats has not been clearly determined. In fact, with the exception of Bartonella spp. and hemoplasmas, FVBP in cats has not been clearly determined in Brazil yet. The present study aimed at identifying, by using molecular methods, the presence of FVBP in three cats showing non-specific clinical signs and inclusions suggestive of hemoparasites in blood smears. Cytauxzoon felis, ‘Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum’, Ehrlichia sp. closely related to Ehrlichia canis, and Anaplasma sp. closely related to Anaplasma phagocytophilum were detected in blood samples from two out of three sampled cats. Both cats positive for multiple FVBP did not show hematological and biochemical abnormalities. The present work emphasizes the need for molecular confirmation of co-infection by multiple FVBP in cats presenting non-specific clinical signs and inclusions resembling hemoparasites in blood smears.
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