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Souza-Ferreira PS, Moreira MF, Atella GC, Oliveira-Carvalho AL, Eizemberg R, Majerowicz D, Melo ACA, Zingali RB, Masuda H. Molecular characterization of Rhodnius prolixus' embryonic cuticle. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 51:89-100. [PMID: 24418313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The embryonic cuticle (EC) of Rhodnius prolixus envelopes the entire body of the embryo during hatching and provides physical protection, allowing the embryo to pass through a narrow chorionic border. Most of the knowledge about the EC of insects is derived from studies on ultrastructure and secretion processes during embryonic development, and little is known about the molecular composition of this structure. We performed a comprehensive molecular characterization of the major components extracted from the EC of R. prolixus, and we discuss the role of the different molecules that were identified during the eclosion process. The results showed that, similar to the post-embryonic cuticles of insects, the EC of R. prolixus is primarily composed of carbohydrates (57%), lipids (19%), and proteins (8%). Considering only the carbohydrates, chitin is by far the major component (approximately 70%), and it is found primarily along the body of the EC. It is scarce or absent in its prolongations, which are composed of glycosaminoglycans. In addition to chitin, we also identified amino (15%), neutral (12%) and acidic (3%) carbohydrates in the EC of R. prolixus. In addition carbohydrates, we also identified neutral lipids (64.12%) and phospholipids (35.88%). Proteomic analysis detected 68 proteins (55 were identified and 13 are hypothetical proteins) using the sequences in the R. prolixus genome (http://www.vectorbase.org). Among these proteins, 8 out of 15 are associated with cuticle metabolism. These proteins are unequivocally cuticle proteins, and they have been described in other insects. Approximately 35% of the total proteins identified were classified as having a structural function. Chitin-binding protein, amino peptidase, amino acid oxidase, oxidoreductase, catalase and peroxidase are all proteins associated with cuticle metabolism. Proteins known to be cuticle constituents may be related to the function of the EC in assisting the insect during eclosion. To our knowledge, this is the first study to describe the global molecular composition of an EC in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Souza-Ferreira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mônica F Moreira
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Geórgia C Atella
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Oliveira-Carvalho
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roberto Eizemberg
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, 21941-599 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - David Majerowicz
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana C A Melo
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Química, 21941-909 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Russolina B Zingali
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Hatisaburo Masuda
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Oliveira-Carvalho AL, Guimarães PR, Abreu PA, Dutra DL, Junqueira-de-Azevedo IL, Rodrigues CR, Ho PL, Castro HC, Zingali RB. Identification and characterization of a new member of snake venom thrombin inhibitors from Bothrops insularis using a proteomic approach. Toxicon 2008; 51:659-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2007] [Revised: 11/28/2007] [Accepted: 11/29/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rezende GL, Logullo C, Meyer L, Machado LB, Oliveira-Carvalho AL, Zingali RB, Cifuentes D, Galina A. Partial purification of tightly bound mitochondrial hexokinase from maize (Zea mays L.) root membranes. Braz J Med Biol Res 2007; 39:1159-69. [PMID: 16981044 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2006000900003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 05/18/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, hexokinase (HK) is strategically located at the outer membrane of mitochondria bound to the porin protein. The mitochondrial HK is a crucial modulator of apoptosis and reactive oxygen species generation. In plants, these properties related to HK are unknown. In order to better understand the physiological role of non-cytosolic hexokinase (NC-HK) in plants, we developed a purification strategy here described. Crude extract of 400 g of maize roots (230 mg protein) contained a specific activity of 0.042 micromol G6P min(-1) mg PTN(-1). After solubilization with detergent two fractions were obtained by DEAE column chromatography, NC-HK 1 (specific activity = 3.6 micromol G6P min(-1) mg PTN(-1) and protein recovered = 0.7 mg) and NC-HK 2. A major purification (yield = 500-fold) was obtained after passage of NC-HK 1 through the hydrophobic phenyl-Sepharose column. The total amount of protein and activity recovered were 0.04 and 18%, respectively. The NC-HK 1 binds to the hydrophobic phenyl-Sepharose matrix, as observed for rat brain HK. Mild chymotrypsin digestion did not affect adsorption of NC-HK 1 to the hydrophobic column as it does for rat HK I. In contrast to mammal mitochondrial HK, glucose-6-phosphate, clotrimazole or thiopental did not dissociate NC-HK from maize (Zea mays) or rice (Oryza sativa) mitochondrial membranes. These data show that the interaction between maize or rice NC-HK to mitochondria differs from that reported in mammals, where the mitochondrial enzyme can be displaced by modulators or pharmacological agents known to interfere with the enzyme binding properties with the mitochondrial porin protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Rezende
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Soares MR, Oliveira-Carvalho AL, Wermelinger LS, Zingali RB, Ho PL, Junqueira-de-Azevedo IDLM, Diniz MRV. Identification of novel bradykinin-potentiating peptides and C-type natriuretic peptide from Lachesis muta venom. Toxicon 2005; 46:31-8. [PMID: 15876444 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2004] [Revised: 02/22/2005] [Accepted: 03/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The generation of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the pit-viper snake Lachesis muta venom glands allowed us to identify two cDNA isoforms which encode the precursors for bradykinin-potentiating peptides (BPPs) and a C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). The sequence data derived from these cDNAs combined with the venom peptides identification using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis predicted that these molecules are the precursor protein isoforms that are further processed to produce five novel BPPs and a CNP. They were identified directly in crude venom using MALDI-TOF. The BPPs sequences were further confirmed by MALDI-TOF/TOF de novo sequencing, and an unusual BPP with a residue of tryptophan at the N-terminus (usually it is pyroglutamate) was identified. The putative processing steps required to form the mature BPPs and CNP seem to be similar to those proposed for the ones found in the venom of Bothrops jararaca and Glodyus blomhoffi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Regina Soares
- Rede Proteômica do Rio de Janeiro and Instituto de Bioquímica Médica/CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil
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Guimarães-Gomes V, Oliveira-Carvalho AL, Junqueira-de-Azevedo IDLM, S Dutra DL, Pujol-Luz M, Castro HC, Ho PL, Zingali RB. Cloning, characterization, and structural analysis of a C-type lectin from Bothrops insularis (BiL) venom. Arch Biochem Biophys 2004; 432:1-11. [PMID: 15519291 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2004.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2004] [Revised: 08/16/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding molecules that mediate a variety of biological processes. In this work, we identify and characterize a lectin from Bothrops insularis venom, with respect to its biochemical properties and theoretical structure. Initially, from a venom gland cDNA library, we cloned and sequenced a cDNA encoding a protein with high identity to snake venom lectins. A lectin molecule was purified to homogeneity from the venom by affinity column and gel filtration. This protein named BiL displayed hemagglutinating activity that was inhibited by galactose, lactose, and EDTA. Mass spectrometry analysis and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that BiL is a disulfide-linked dimeric protein consisting of monomers with 16,206 m/z. The amino acid sequence, deduced from its cDNA sequence, was confirmed by Edman sequencing and by peptide mass fingerprint analysis. BiL shows similarity to other C-type lectin family members. Modeling studies provide insights into BiL dimeric structure and its structural determinants for carbohydrate and calcium binding.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Bothrops/metabolism
- Calcium/metabolism
- Carbohydrates/chemistry
- Chromatography, Gel
- Cloning, Molecular
- Crotalid Venoms/chemistry
- Crotalid Venoms/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Dimerization
- Disulfides/chemistry
- Edetic Acid/pharmacology
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Galactose/chemistry
- Gene Library
- Lectins/chemistry
- Lectins, C-Type/chemistry
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Mass Spectrometry
- Methylation
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Peptides/chemistry
- Polysaccharides/chemistry
- Protein Binding
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Sepharose/chemistry
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Software
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
- Time Factors
- Toxins, Biological/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Guimarães-Gomes
- Rede Proteômica do Rio de Janeiro and Laboratório de Hemostase e Venenos (LabHemoVen), Departamento de Bioquímica Médica-ICB, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21941-590, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
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Coelho AL, De Freitas MS, Mariano-Oliveira A, Oliveira-Carvalho AL, Zingali RB, Barja-Fidalgo C. Interaction of disintegrins with human neutrophils induces cytoskeleton reorganization, focal adhesion kinase activation, and extracellular-regulated kinase-2 nuclear translocation, interfering with the chemotactic function. FASEB J 2001; 15:1643-5. [PMID: 11427513 DOI: 10.1096/fj.00-0812fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A L Coelho
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Coelho AL, de Freitas MS, Oliveira-Carvalho AL, Moura-Neto V, Zingali RB, Barja-Fidalgo C. Effects of jarastatin, a novel snake venom disintegrin, on neutrophil migration and actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Exp Cell Res 1999; 251:379-87. [PMID: 10471323 DOI: 10.1006/excr.1999.4583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A new disintegrin, an RGD-containing peptide of 6 kDa called jarastatin, was purified from Bothrops jararaca venom. It is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, and thrombin. The effect of jarastatin on neutrophil migration in vivo and in vitro and on the actin cytoskeleton dynamics of these cells was investigated. Incubation in vitro with jarastatin significantly inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, the chemotaxis of human neutrophils toward fMLP, IL-8, and jarastatin itself. Despite this inhibitory effect, jarastatin induced neutrophil chemotaxis. A significant increase of F-actin content was observed in jarastatin-treated neutrophils. Furthermore, as demonstrated by confocal microscopy after FITC-phalloidin labeling, these cells accumulated F-actin at the plasmalemma, a distribution similar to that observed in fMLP-stimulated cells. Pretreatment of mice with jarastatin inhibited neutrophil migration into peritoneal cavities induced by carrageenan injection. The results suggest that binding of jarastatin to neutrophil integrins promotes cellular activation and triggers a dynamic alteration of the actin filament system and that this is one of the first event in integrin-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Coelho
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Abstract
Bothroalternin (MW 27 kDa), a new member of the family of C-type lectins is a thrombin inhibitor which was purified from pooled B. alternatus venom by affinity chromatography on PPACK-thrombin-Sepharose, followed by size exclusion and reverse-phase on HPLC columns. Material retained on the affinity column contained proteins with apparent molecular weights ranging from 20 to 60 kDa on SDS-PAGE and inhibited aggregation of rabbit platelets induced by alpha-thrombin (IC50 = 28 microg/ml). A single band of approximately 27 kDa was recognized in Western-blot assays using polyclonal antibodies raised against bothrojaracin, a thrombin inhibitor purified from B. jararaca venom (Zingali et al., 1993). The immunological similarity of this fraction to bothrojaracin was confirmed by ELISA and competitive ELISA. Further purification by size exclusion and reverse-phase on HPLC, produced a single homogenous peak called bothroalternin. This protein was highly homologous to bothrojaracin (95% in its N-terminal sequence-for residues 1 to 25) but displaying lower inhibitory effect on thrombin induced platelet aggregation (Ic50 = 0.19 microg/ml) compared to bothrojaracin (IC50 = 0.06). Altogether, bothroalternin is a new thrombin inhibitor isolated from Bothrops alternatus venom and has been characterized as a bothrojaracin-like protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Castro
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, ICB/CCS, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Machado OL, Oliveira-Carvalho AL, Zingali RB, Carlini CR. Purification, physicochemical characterization and N-terminal-amino acid sequence of a phospholipase A2 from Bothrops jararaca venom. Braz J Med Biol Res 1993; 26:163-6. [PMID: 8257916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Snake venoms usually contain multiple molecular forms of phospholipase A2 enzymes (phosphatide acyl hydrolase, E.C. 3.1.1.4; PLA2). Phospholipases A2 induce a wide range of pharmacological effects which may depend or not on the hydrolysis of phospholipids. In this study, a PLA2 from Bothrops jararaca venom was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration on a Sephacryl S-200 column, followed by FPLC reverse-phase chromatography on a Pep-RPC HR 5/5 column (yield 1.63% of venom protein). The PLA2 activity of the fractions was determined by indirect hemolysis using hen's egg yolk lecithin as substrate. The enzyme is an acidic protein with PI 4.5 and an apparent molecular weight of 14,200, as estimated by gel filtration on a Superose 12 FPLC column. Similar properties have been described for PLA2 from other snake venoms. The N-terminal-sequence of the purified protein was NLMQFETMIMXXAGQ. These partial sequence data show a high degree of homology between the B. jararaca PLA2 and the enzymes from other snake venoms as well as bovine pancreatic PLA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- O L Machado
- Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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