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Diehl C, Tavares R, Abreu T, Almeida AMP, Silva TE, Santinha G, Rocha NP, Seidel K, MacLachlan M, Silva AG, Ribeiro O. Perceptions on Extending the Use of Technology after the COVID-19 Pandemic Resolves: A Qualitative Study with Older Adults. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14152. [PMID: 36361030 PMCID: PMC9655749 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic of the last two years has affected the lives of many individuals, especially the most vulnerable and at-risk population groups, e.g., older adults. While social distancing and isolation are shown to be effective at decreasing the transmission of the virus, these actions have also increased loneliness and social isolation. To combat social distancing from family and friends, older adults have turned to technology for help. In the health sector, these individuals also had a variety of options that strengthened eHealth care services. This study analyzed the technologies used during the COVID-19 pandemic by a group of older people, as well as explored their expectations of use after the pandemic period. Qualitative and ethnographic interviews were conducted with 10 Portuguese older adults, and data were collected over a period of seven months between 2020 and 2021. The research demonstrated that the use of current and new technologies in the post-pandemic future is likely to be related to overcoming: (i) insecurity regarding privacy issues; (ii) difficulties in using technologies due to the level of use of digital technology; and (iii) the human distancing and impersonal consequences of using these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceci Diehl
- Digital Media and Interaction Research Centre (DigiMedia), Department of Communication and Art, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Tavares
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS@RISE), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Taiane Abreu
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS@RISE), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Pisco Almeida
- Digital Media and Interaction Research Centre (DigiMedia), Department of Communication and Art, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Telmo Eduardo Silva
- Digital Media and Interaction Research Centre (DigiMedia), Department of Communication and Art, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Santinha
- Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies (GOVCOPP), Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nelson Pacheco Rocha
- Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Katja Seidel
- ALL Institute, Department of Anthropology, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Mac MacLachlan
- Assisting Living and Learning Institute (ALL Institute), Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, W23 F2H6 Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Anabela G. Silva
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS@RISE), School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Oscar Ribeiro
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS@RISE), Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Pinto PA, Brasileiro FS, Lopes Antunes MJ, Pisco Almeida AM. Face masks on Instagram: an analysis of public health authorities' guidance toward prevention. Procedia Comput Sci 2022; 196:409-417. [PMID: 35035621 PMCID: PMC8745933 DOI: 10.1016/j.procs.2021.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Instagram (IG) has been used as a health promotion tool by national and international sanitary authorities to tackle COVID-19. The profile of the World Health Organization (WHO) on IG contributed to spread and update information on the new coronavirus prevention This study focus attention on a non-pharmaceutical control measure (face mask in the community) and discusses the adaptation of health authorities from Portugal and Brazil to WHO guidelines on this topic, and how they passed them to citizens. A content analysis of posts from WHO, Portuguese National Health Service (NHS), and the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MH) profiles on IG was carried out, in the first 100 days of the pandemic. The sample is composed of 65 posts - WHO (12), NHS (36) and, MH (17). NHS highlights masks in 8,8% of posts and MH in 3,3%. WHO guidelines followed scientific evidence and prioritized the surgical masks, while NHS and MH adapted the guidelines to regional scenarios (community transmission and difficulty to social distancing) and produced information on non-surgical masks. NHS recommends the use of certified non-surgical masks. MH diverged from WHO guidelines and advised cloth masks. NHS has adopted the preventive approach and the use of celebrities to stress the importance of following its guidelines. MH adopted an institutional approach to encourage adherence to the instructions. Both profiles offered incomplete content on the production, use, disposal, and maintenance of masks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmela Araujo Pinto
- DigiMedia/Department of Communication and Art/University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Fellipe Sá Brasileiro
- Communication Department/Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-900, Brazil
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Estrela M, Magalhães Silva T, Pisco Almeida AM, Regueira C, Zapata-Cachafeiro M, Figueiras A, Roque F, Herdeiro MT. A roadmap for the development and evaluation of the eHealthResp online course. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221089088. [PMID: 35360007 PMCID: PMC8961349 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221089088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inappropriate antibiotic use constitutes one of the most concerning public
health issues, being one of the main causes of antibiotic resistance. Hence,
to tackle this issue, it is important to encourage the development of
educational interventions for health practitioners, namely by using digital
health tools. This study focuses on the description of the development and
validation process of the eHealthResp online course, a web platform directed
to physicians and pharmacists, with the overall goal of improving antibiotic
use for respiratory tract infections, along with the assessment of its
usability. Methods The eHealthResp platform and the courses, developed with a user-centered
design and based on Wordpress and MySQL, were based on a previously
developed online course. A questionnaire to assess the usability was
distributed among physicians (n = 6) and pharmacists (n = 6). Based on the
obtained results, statistical analyses were conducted to calculate the
usability score and appraise the design of the online course, as well as to
compare the overall scores attributed by both groups. Further qualitative
comments provided by the participants have also been analyzed. Results The eHealthResp contains two online courses directed to physicians and
pharmacists aiming to aid in the management of respiratory tract infections.
The average usability score of the eHealthResp online courses for physicians
and pharmacists was of 78.33 (±11.57, 95%CI), and 83.75 (±15.90, 95%CI),
respectively. Qualitative feedback emphasized the usefulness of the course,
including overall positive reviews regarding user-friendliness and
consistency. Conclusions This study led us to conclude that the eHealthResp online course is not
recognized as a complex web platform, as both qualitative and quantitative
feedback obtained were globally positive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Estrela
- iBiMED - Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Magalhães Silva
- iBiMED - Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Carlos Regueira
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15702 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health - CIBERESP), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maruxa Zapata-Cachafeiro
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15702 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health - CIBERESP), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Adolfo Figueiras
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15702 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health - CIBERESP), Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Fátima Roque
- Research Unit for Inland Development, Guarda Polytechnic Institute (UDI-IPG), Guarda, Portugal.,Health Sciences Research Center, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Herdeiro
- iBiMED - Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Moura J, Almeida AMP, Roque F, Figueiras A, Herdeiro MT. A Mobile App to Support Clinical Diagnosis of Upper Respiratory Problems (eHealthResp): Co-Design Approach. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e19194. [PMID: 33507153 PMCID: PMC7878109 DOI: 10.2196/19194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The misuse of antibiotics is a global public health issue that fosters bacterial resistance and jeopardizes generational health. The development of validated tools such as web-based courses and mobile apps to enhance clinical decisions in upper respiratory infections is of great importance in reducing the incorrect use of antibiotics in these situations. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to design and prevalidate the interface of a mobile app to assist and provide clinical support in the diagnosis of upper respiratory problems. We aimed to assess the adequacy and usability of the interface of the tool in the belief that it could be beneficial to health care delivery in the clinical decision setting. METHODS Using a co-design approach that brought together professionals in interface design and experts in pharmacology and pharmacoepidemiology, the mobile app interface was evaluated through peer review sessions held by interface design professionals on a heuristic survey. The reviewers accessed a high-fidelity interactive mock-up of the interface and filled in a questionnaire to assess the dimensions of layout and visual design and navigation and tasks. The resulting feedback of this evaluation supported the redesign of the primary interface, which was assessed for the second time by 2 of the previously mentioned reviewers. RESULTS With 4 as the highest score, the interface scored a mean of 3.16 (SD 0.45; median of the means 3.2) for layout and visual design and a mean of 3.43 (SD 0.33; median of the means 3.51) for navigation and tasks, reflecting an overall positive evaluation. The open-ended commentaries allowed us to better understand specific recommendations of the reviewers. Throughout this section, approximately 0.98 comments per parameter were registered, reflecting a high level of effectiveness of the chosen parameters in identifying potential problems. The resultant beta version of the interface, addressing the majority of the detected problems, was further assessed by 2 of the previous reviewers, validating the new design. Future tests with physicians and pharmacists will help assess credibility and user experience dimensions. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that the designed interface is easy to interpret and use. Peer reviewers raised important issues that could be easily fixed and positively reassessed. As a result, the study enabled us to produce a new tool for interface usability assessment and a set of recommendations for developing mobile interfaces for clinical decision support systems in the scope of upper respiratory problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Moura
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED-Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Fátima Roque
- Research Unit for Inland Development, Polytechnic Institute of Guarda (UDI/IPG), Guarda, Portugal.,Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Adolfo Figueiras
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health-CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.,Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa Herdeiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, iBiMED-Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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5
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Silva AG, Caravau H, Martins A, Almeida AMP, Silva T, Ribeiro Ó, Santinha G, Rocha NP. Procedures of User-Centered Usability Assessment for Digital Solutions: Scoping Review of Reviews Reporting on Digital Solutions Relevant for Older Adults. JMIR Hum Factors 2021; 8:e22774. [PMID: 33439128 PMCID: PMC7840284 DOI: 10.2196/22774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of usability is a complex process that involves several steps and procedures. It is important to standardize the evaluation and reporting of usability procedures across studies to guide researchers, facilitate comparisons across studies, and promote high-quality usability studies. The first step to standardizing is to have an overview of how usability study procedures are reported across the literature. OBJECTIVE This scoping review of reviews aims to synthesize the procedures reported for the different steps of the process of conducting a user-centered usability assessment of digital solutions relevant for older adults and to identify potential gaps in the present reporting of procedures. The secondary aim is to identify any principles or frameworks guiding this assessment in view of a standardized approach. METHODS This is a scoping review of reviews. A 5-stage scoping review methodology was used to identify and describe relevant literature published between 2009 and 2020 as follows: identify the research question, identify relevant studies, select studies for review, chart data from selected literature, and summarize and report results. The research was conducted on 5 electronic databases: PubMed, ACM Digital Library, IEEE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Reviews that met the inclusion criteria (reporting on user-centered usability evaluation procedures for any digital solution that could be relevant for older adults and were published in English) were identified, and data were extracted for further analysis regarding study evaluators, study participants, methods and techniques, tasks, and test environment. RESULTS A total of 3958 articles were identified. After a detailed screening, 20 reviews matched the eligibility criteria. The characteristics of the study evaluators and participants and task procedures were only briefly and differently reported. The methods and techniques used for the assessment of usability are the topics that were most commonly and comprehensively reported in the reviews, whereas the test environment was seldom and poorly characterized. CONCLUSIONS A lack of a detailed description of several steps of the process of assessing usability and no evidence on good practices of performing it suggests that there is a need for a consensus framework on the assessment of user-centered usability evaluation. Such a consensus would inform researchers and allow standardization of procedures, which are likely to result in improved study quality and reporting, increased sensitivity of the usability assessment, and improved comparability across studies and digital solutions. Our findings also highlight the need to investigate whether different ways of assessing usability are more sensitive than others. These findings need to be considered in light of review limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabela G Silva
- School of Health Sciences, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Hilma Caravau
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Martins
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Telmo Silva
- DigiMedia, Department of Communication and Art, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Óscar Ribeiro
- Department of Education and Psychology, Center for Health Technology and Services Research, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Santinha
- Department of Social, Political and Territorial Sciences, Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nelson P Rocha
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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6
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Almeida AMP, Beja J, Pedro L, Rodrigues F, Clemente M, Vieira R, Neves R. Development of an online digital resource accessible for students with visual impairment or blindness: Challenges and strategies. Work 2020; 65:333-342. [PMID: 32007977 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with visual impairment or blindness face a wide range of daily barriers, both at school and at work. OBJECTIVE This article describes the development process of an online resource, addressing Occupational Safety and Health (OSH), accessible for students with visual impairment or blindness. METHODS This study was framed in a Design-Based Research methodology involving the analysis, design, development and implementation of a digital resource. In the analysis stage, a first list of accessibility challenges was created allowing the design of strategies and specific technical solutions to approach them. RESULTS The development process has shown that online digital resources can be accessible for users with visual impairment or blindness and even the most visual contents and activities (based on images and videos) can be easily adjusted. CONCLUSIONS Online accessible resources should be based on the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) guidelines, allowing the proper description of all contents by screen readers, using audio description, accessible features and providing keyboard navigation. Further research must be conducted to deepen knowledge on the role of educational digital resources for students with visual impairment or blindness, namely regarding OSH barriers that workers with visual impairment or blindness face at the workplace (as visual safety signs and pictogram labels).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joana Beja
- DigiMedia/Department of Communication and Art, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luís Pedro
- DigiMedia/Department of Communication and Art, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues
- RISCO/Department of Civil Engineering, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Mariana Clemente
- CIDTFF/Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Vieira
- CIDTFF/Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Neves
- CIDTFF/Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro, Portugal
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7
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Ribeiro N, Moreira L, Almeida AMP, Santos-Silva F. Can Smartphones Promote Cancer Prevention Behaviours in Healthy Young Adults? A Prospective Study. J Cancer Educ 2019; 34:847-853. [PMID: 29931456 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-018-1382-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer prevention should start as early as possible. Young adults would benefit largely from the use of a smartphone app aiming at promoting cancer prevention behaviours. The aims of the study described in this paper are to (1) examine the user participation and engagement with a cancer prevention app in real-life settings and (2) assess changes in the users' cancer prevention behaviours. A cancer prevention smartphone app called Happy was developed and released to the general population. Data from registered app users' (N = 3326) demographics and baseline cancer prevention behaviours was analysed. App engagement was measured and all behaviour data logged through the app was analysed to assess the effectiveness of the app in the promotion of cancer prevention behaviours. User demographics and baseline behaviour assessment show that the app reached its intended target population: young adults that generally do not comply with cancer prevention guidelines. Logged behavioural data showed an increased frequency in several cancer prevention behaviours and a significant increase in the overall putative cancer prevention level (p < 0.001). However, user engagement with the app was limited and might condition the long-term impact of such changes. Happy reached its intended population and seems to be an effective tool to promote cancer prevention. Further research is needed to fully assess its long-term persuasive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuno Ribeiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
- Ipatimup, Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
- Departamento de Comunicação e Arte, DigiMedia, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Luís Moreira
- RECI - Research in Education and Community Intervention, Escola Superior de Saúde Jean Piaget de Vila Nova de Gaia, Instituto Piaget, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Filipe Santos-Silva
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
- Ipatimup, Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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8
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Ribeiro N, Moreira L, Almeida AMP, Santos-Silva F. Pilot study of a smartphone-based intervention to promote cancer prevention behaviours. Int J Med Inform 2017; 108:125-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Leal NC, Sobreira M, Araújo AFQ, Magalhães JLO, Vogler AJ, Bollig MC, Nottingham R, Keim P, Wagner DM, Almeida AMP. Viability of Yersinia pestis subcultures in agar stabs. Lett Appl Microbiol 2015; 62:91-5. [PMID: 26524218 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Since its identification as the causative agent of plague in 1894, thousands of Yersinia pestis strains have been isolated and stored. Here, we report the ability of Y. pestis to survive up to 47 years in agar stabs, in rubber-stoppered tubes, under refrigeration (+4 to +10°C), although overall subculture recovery rates were poor and inversely related to the length of time stored. Genetic characterization of virulence gene presence among these subcultures was suggestive of significant variation in the genomic stability of Y. pestis subcultures stored under these conditions. Specifically, we found variation in the presence of plasmid and chromosomal virulence markers (genes pla, lcrV, caf1 and irp2) among multiple subcultures of Y. pestis strains in the 'Collection of Yersinia pestis' (Fiocruz-CYP) maintained by the SRP of FIOCRUZ-PE in Brazil. This variation, together with all of the inherent temporal, geographic and other genetic variation represented by all of the recoverable strains in this historical collection was preserved in new frozen culture stocks stored at -70°C as a result of this study. These frozen culture stocks represent a valuable resource for future comparative studies of Y. pestis. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY We report the ability of Yersinia pestis to survive up to 47 years in agar stabs, in rubber-stoppered tubes, under refrigeration (+4 to +10°C), although overall subculture recovery rates were poor and inversely related to the length of time stored. Genetic characterization of virulence gene presence among these subcultures was suggestive of significant variation in the genomic stability of Y. pestis subcultures stored under these conditions. This variation, together with all of the inherent temporal, geographic and other genetic variation represented by all of the recoverable strains in the historical 'Collection of Yersinia pestis' (Fiocruz-CYP) maintained by the SRP of FIOCRUZ-PE in Brazil was preserved in new frozen culture stocks stored at -70°C as a result of this study. These frozen culture stocks represent a valuable resource for future comparative studies of Y. pestis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Leal
- Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM) - FIOCRUZ/PE, Recife, Brazil
| | - M Sobreira
- Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM) - FIOCRUZ/PE, Recife, Brazil
| | - A F Q Araújo
- Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM) - FIOCRUZ/PE, Recife, Brazil
| | - J L O Magalhães
- Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM) - FIOCRUZ/PE, Recife, Brazil
| | - A J Vogler
- Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - M C Bollig
- Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - R Nottingham
- Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - P Keim
- Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.,Translational Genomics Research Institute North, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - D M Wagner
- Center for Microbial Genetics and Genomics, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - A M P Almeida
- Centro de Pesquisa Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM) - FIOCRUZ/PE, Recife, Brazil
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10
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Barros MPS, Silveira-Filho VM, Lins RHFB, Oliveira MBM, Almeida AMP, Leal-Balbino TC. Subtyping Brazilian Yersinia pestis strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Genet Mol Res 2013; 12:1294-302. [PMID: 23315882 DOI: 10.4238/2013.january.4.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We subtyped Brazilian Yersinia pestis strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). This was done with 22 Brazilian Y. pestis strains: 17 from an outbreak and 5 from endemic routine surveillance. The strains were divided into 2 groups (I and II), 8 subgroups (A-H) and 19 PFGE profiles or pulsotypes. PFGE did not separate outbreak from non-outbreak strains, as identical pulsotype patterns were found among outbreak strains and strains obtained from surveillance. However, it was able to detect intraspecific genetic diversity among Brazilian strains. This PFGE technique was able to differentiate a homogeneous group of Brazilian Y. pestis strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P S Barros
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, FIOCRUZ, Recife, PE, Brasil
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11
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Sobreira M, Souza GT, Moreli ML, Borges AA, Morais FA, Figueiredo LTM, Almeida AMP. A serosurvey for hantavirus infection in wild rodents from the states of Rio de Janeiro and Pernambuco, Brazil. Acta Trop 2008; 107:150-2. [PMID: 18619568 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2007] [Revised: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 05/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sera from 269 rodents obtained during the routine surveillance operations in plague areas of Rio de Janeiro and Pernambuco states, Brazil were tested by ELISA for specific IgG antibodies against a recombinant nucleocapsid (N) protein of Araraquara hantavirus. ELISA-positive sera were submitted to reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for amplification of the virus genome and later sequencing for identification of the viral variant. The samples from the state of Pernambuco were antibody negative, and although four from Rio de Janeiro were ELISA-positive, they failed to yield viral cDNA by RT-PCR. This is the first report of the presence of antibodies to a hantavirus among rodents from Rio de Janeiro and suggests the possibility of human cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in that state, although no case has yet been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sobreira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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12
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Abstract
AIMS To determine the effectiveness of multiplex-PCR in Yersinia pestis identification in samples preserved in Cary & Blair medium and to evaluate if this technique would uncover Y. pestis-positives among culture-negative samples. METHODS AND RESULTS Multiplex-PCR was used to detect Y. pestis in Cary & Blair preserved bubo aspirates from experimentally infected guinea pigs and to re-analyze samples from a plague outbreak after prolonged storage in Cary & Blair. Variation in the target genes amplification was observed over time. CONCLUSIONS Multiplex-PCR proved to be more effective than culture for plague diagnosis, both for old and recent samples. This technique would be a valuable tool for the plague control programme. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The multiplex-PCR technique can be useful for the detection and characterization of Y. pestis even when the bacteria are no longer viable and when culture diagnosis has been hampered by the growth of contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Melo
- Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães/FIOCRUZ/MS, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Lima Barros AE, Almeida AMP, Carvalho LB, Azevedo WM. Polysiloxane/PVA-glutaraldehyde hybrid composite as solid phase for immunodetections by ELISA. Braz J Med Biol Res 2002; 35:459-63. [PMID: 11960195 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2002000400008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed an efficient method to prepare a hybrid inorganic-organic composite based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polysiloxane using the sol-gel disc technique. Antigen obtained from Yersinia pestis was covalently immobilized onto these discs with glutaraldehyde and used as solid phase in ELISA for antibody detection in serum of rabbits experimentally immunized with plague. Using 1.25 microg antigen per disc, a peroxidase conjugate dilution of 1:4,000 and a serum dilution of 1:200 were adequate for the establishment of the procedure. These values are similar to those used for PVA-glutaraldehyde discs, plasticized filter paper discs and the polyaniline-Dacron composite discs. This procedure is comparable to that which utilizes the adsorption of the antigen to conventional PVC plates, with the amount of antigen being one fourth that employed in conventional PVC plates (5 microg/well). In addition to the performance of the polysiloxane/PVA-glutaraldehyde disc as a matrix for immunodetection, its easy synthesis and low cost are additional advantages for commercial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Lima Barros
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami and Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brasil
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