1
|
Bala Subramaniyan S, Veerappan A. Lectins as the prominent potential to deliver bioactive metal nanoparticles by recognizing cell surface glycans. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29394. [PMID: 38638961 PMCID: PMC11024627 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lectins are renowned for recognizing specific carbohydrates, but there is evidence that they can bind to other endogenous ligands. Therefore, lectin can be used as a carrier to recognize glycoconjugates on the cell surface. The anticancer, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory properties of some lectins are established. Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have been used in various fields recently, but their documented toxicity has raised questions about their suitability for biomedical uses. The advantages of MNPs can be realized if we deliver the NPs to the site of action; as a result, NPs may achieve greater therapeutic efficiency at lower doses with less toxicity. The use of carbohydrate specificity by lectin MNPs conjugates for diagnostics and therapeutics was addressed. The review summarised the multidimensional application of lectins and described their potential for delivery of MNPs in future drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Bala Subramaniyan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dharshini KS, Yokesh T, Mariappan M, Ameen F, Amirul Islam M, Veerappan A. Photosynthesis of silver nanoparticles embedded paper for sensing mercury presence in environmental water. Chemosphere 2023; 329:138610. [PMID: 37028721 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals released by anthropogenic activities are extremely toxic to animals and plants due to their bioaccumulative and persistent environmental presence. In the current study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized utilizing eco-friendly processes, and their potential in colorimetric Hg2+ ion sensing in environmental samples was examined. An aqueous extract of Hemidesmus indicus root (Sarsaparilla Root, ISR) rapidly converts silver ions into AgNPs within 5 min of exposure to sunlight. Transmission electron microscopy confirms that ISR-AgNPs are spherical, ranging from 15 to 35 nm. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy revealed phytomolecules stabilized the NPs with hydroxyl and carbonyl substituents. The ISR-AgNPs detect Hg2+ ions by a colour change that can be seen with the naked eye within 1 min. The probe is interference-free and detects the presence of Hg2+ ions in sewage water. A method for fabricating ISR-AgNPs onto paper was disclosed, and this portable ISR-AgNPs embedded paper device was found to be good at sensing mercury present in the water. The findings show that environmentally friendly synthesized AgNPs can contribute to developing onsite colorimetric sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karnan Singaravelu Dharshini
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Yokesh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mariappan Mariappan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Amirul Islam
- Laboratory for Quantum Semiconductors and Photon-based BioNanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Singaravelu DK, Yokesh T, Mariappan M, Ameen F, Islam MA, Veerappan A. Corrigendum to "Photosynthesis of silver nanoparticles embedded paper for sensing mercury presence in environmental water" [Chemosphere 329 (2023) 138610-138616]. Chemosphere 2023; 330:138720. [PMID: 37080008 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dharshini Karnan Singaravelu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T Yokesh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mariappan Mariappan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM IST, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Amirul Islam
- Laboratory for Quantum Semiconductors and Photon-based Bionanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arul Prakash S, Sengan M, John ML, Veerappan A, Kamlekar RK. Interaction of N-acyltaurines with phosphatidylcholines. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr 2023; 1865:184103. [PMID: 36563892 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
N-acyltaurines (NATs) are biologically active amphiphilic lipids. They come under the group of compounds known as N-acyl amino acids. NATs were first detected in the brain and other tissues in mice lacking the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase FAAH (-/-). N-arachidonoyltaurine (20:4 NAT) acts as an excellent ligand for the subset of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, especially vanilloid type channels TRPV1 and TRPV4. Also, hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions of NATs enable them to interact with membrane lipids. Here, we have investigated the interaction of NATs, N-myristoyltaurine (NMT), and N-palmitoyltaurine (NPT) with their corresponding diacyl phosphatidylcholines (PCs), dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC), and dipalmitoylphosphatidylchoine (DPPC). The miscibility and phase behavior of the hydrated binary mixtures have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Studies on the interaction of NMT/NPT with DMPC/DPPC revealed that the two amphiphiles mix well up to 50 mol% of NAT and phase separation is observed at higher contents of the NAT. The phase transition of the equimolar mixtures of NAT:PC (50:50) studied by fluorescence, also supported the DSC results. PXRD and FTIR analysis show that the NAT:PC equimolar mixture (50:50) forms different supramolecular structures when compared to that of individual NATs and PCs. From transmission electron microscopic studies it is observed that the equimolar mixtures of NMT and NPT with their corresponding diacylphosphatidylcholines (50:50, mol/mol) forms unilamellar vesicles whose diameter range between 30 and 50 nm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Arul Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore 632014, TN, India
| | - Megarajan Sengan
- Department of Chemistry, Bishop Heber College, Tiruchirappalli 620017, TN, India; Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, TN, India
| | - Martin Luther John
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore 632014, TN, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613401, TN, India.
| | - Ravi Kanth Kamlekar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore 632014, TN, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Singaravelu D, Binjawhar DN, Ameen F, Veerappan A. Lectin-Fortified Cationic Copper Sulfide Nanoparticles Gain Dual Targeting Capabilities to Treat Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Infection. ACS Omega 2022; 7:43934-43944. [PMID: 36506188 PMCID: PMC9730473 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery maximizes the chance to combat infection caused by drug-resistant pathogens. Herein, lectin-fortified cationic copper sulfide (cCuS) nanoparticles were suggested for targeted adhesion to bacterial membranes and to enforce bacterial death. Jacalin, a lectin from jackfruit seed, was conjugated to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), and its ability to recognize bacterial cell surface glycans was demonstrated. Jacalin formed a noncovalent complex with cCuS, which was investigated by fluorescence quenching measurements. The data revealed that jacalin-cCuS (JcCuS) had a good affinity with an association constant K a of 2.27 (± 0.28) × 104 M-1. The resultant JcCuS complex displayed excellent anti-infective activity against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of cCuS was 62.5 μM, which was 2-fold lower than that of the broad-spectrum antibiotic ciprofloxacin. Interestingly, the MIC of JcCuS was reduced to 15.63 μM, which was attributed to jacalin fortification. The mechanistic study unveiled that JcCuS affected the membrane integrity, depolarized the inner membrane, and produced excess reactive oxygen species to combat CRAB at a lower concentration compared to cCuS. A. baumannii formed a biofilm more readily, which played a critical role in pathogenesis and resistance in clinical settings. JcCuS (3.91 μM) displayed stronger antibiofilm activity without affecting the metabolic viability of CRAB. Microscopy analyses confirmed the inhibition of biofilm formation and disruption of the mature biofilm upon treatment with JcCuS. Furthermore, JcCuS hindered pellicle formation and inhibited the biofilm-associated virulence factor of CRAB such as exopolysaccharide, cell surface hydrophobicity, swarming, and twitching mobility. The anti-infective potential of JcCuS was demonstrated by rescuing CRAB-infected zebrafish. The reduction in pathogen proliferation in muscle tissues was observed in the treated group, and the fish recovered from the infection and was restored to normal life within 12 h. The findings illustrate that lectin fortification offers a unique advantage in enhancing the therapeutic potential of antimicrobials against human pathogens of critical priority worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dharshini
Karnan Singaravelu
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts,
Science, Technology & Research Academy
(SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dalal Nasser Binjawhar
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh11671, Saudi
Arabia
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department
of Chemistry, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts,
Science, Technology & Research Academy
(SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Megarajan S, Ameen F, Singaravelu D, Islam MA, Veerappan A. Synthesis of N-myristoyltaurine stabilized gold and silver nanoparticles: Assessment of their catalytic activity, antimicrobial effectiveness and toxicity in zebrafish. Environ Res 2022; 212:113159. [PMID: 35341758 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) synthesized using a biomimetic lipid, N-myristoyltaurine (N14T) was evaluated in common fields. The catalytic effectiveness of AgNPs and AuNPs was studied in the popular nanocatalyst reaction, nitroaromatic reduction, and dye degradation. Both NPs display catalytic activity in the nitroaromatic compound and organic dyes reduction reaction involving sodium borohydride and the rate constant is estimated as 10-3 s-1. Strikingly, the reaction initiation time (t0) and completion time (tc) differ significantly between AgNPs and AuNPs. Analyzing the reaction kinetic profile revealed that the reaction carried out with AuNPs showed a shorter t0 and tc, suggesting a better catalyst than AgNPs. In addition, the efficiency of the NPs was examined in Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). In difference to the catalytic study, AuNPs display poor antibacterial activity. Whereas AgNPs kill the tested bacteria at 250 μM via disturbing bacterial membrane integrity and produce excess reactive oxygen species. The toxicology study carried out with zebrafish animal model reveals that both AgNPs and AuNPs are non-toxic. The findings suggest that each nanomaterial possesses unique physicochemical properties irrespective of stabilization with the same molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sengan Megarajan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Dharshini Singaravelu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India
| | - M Amirul Islam
- Laboratory for Quantum Semiconductors and Photon-based BioNanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, 613401, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Senthilganesh J, Deepak L, Durai R, Hari B Narayanan V, Veerappan A, Paramasivam N. Evaluation of lectin nanoscaffold based in-situ gel against vulvovaginal candidiasis causing Candida biofilms using a novel ex-vivo model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
8
|
Gayathri P, Subramaniyan SB, Veerappan A, Anwarhussaini S, Jayanty S, Pannipara M, Al-Sehemi AG, Moon D, Anthony SP. Dark to bright fluorescence state by inter-connecting fluorophores: concentration-dependent blue to NIR emission and live cell imaging applications. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03457c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Interconnected AIEgens produced concentration dependent tunable emission from blue to NIR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathy Gayathri
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur – 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siva Bala Subramaniyan
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur – 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur – 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Syed Anwarhussaini
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad – 500078, India
| | - Subbalakshmi Jayanty
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad – 500078, India
| | - Mehboobali Pannipara
- Department of chemistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Research center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah G. Al-Sehemi
- Department of chemistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Research center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dohyun Moon
- Beamline Department, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigokro-127beongil, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Senthilganesh J, Kuppusamy S, Durairajan R, Subramanian S, Veerappan A, Paramasivam N. Phytolectin nanoconjugates in combination with standard antifungals curb multi-species biofilms and virulence of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) causing Candida albicans and Non albicans Candida. Med Mycol 2021; 60:6484805. [PMID: 34958385 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is commonly occurring yeast infection caused by Candida species in women. Among Candida species, C. albicans is the predominant member that causes vaginal candidiasis followed by Candida glabrata. Biofilm formation by Candida albicans on the vaginal mucosal tissue leads to VVC infection and is one of the factors for a commensal organism to get into virulent form leading to disease. In addition to that, morphological switching from yeast to hyphal form increases the risk of pathogenesis as it aids in tissue invasion. In this study, jacalin, a phyto-lectin complexed Copper sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) have been explored to eradicate the mono and mixed species biofilms formed by fluconazole resistant C. albicans and C. glabrata isolated from VVC patients. NPs along with standard antifungals like micafungin and amphotericin B have been evaluated to explore interaction behaviour and we observed synergistic interactions between them. Microscopic techniques like light microscopy, phase contrast microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to visualize the inhibition of biofilm by NPs and in synergistic combinations with standard antifungals. Real time PCR analysis was carried out to study the expression pattern of the highly virulent genes which are responsible for yeast to hyphal switch, drug resistance and biofilm formation upon treatment with NPs in combination with standard antifungals. The current study shows that lectin conjugated NPs with standard antifungals might be a different means to disrupt the mixed species population of Candida spp. that causes VVC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayasankari Senthilganesh
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shruthi Kuppusamy
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rubini Durairajan
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivabala Subramanian
- Chemical Biology laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Chemical Biology laboratory, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nithyanand Paramasivam
- Biofilm Biology Laboratory, Centre for Research on Infectious Diseases (CRID), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saritha R, Annes SB, Perumal K, Veerappan A, Ramesh S. Oxidative Coupling of Phenylhydrazine Hydrochloride With 2
H
‐Indazole Derivatives Using Visible Light Activation of Carbazole Based Organophotocatalyst. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajendhiran Saritha
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sesuraj Babiola Annes
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Karuppaiah Perumal
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Subburethinam Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry School of Chemical and Biotechnology SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur 613401 Tamil Nadu India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Subramaniyan SB, Megarajan S, Dharshini KS, Veerappan A. Artocarpus integrifolia seed lectin enhances membrane damage, oxidative stress and biofilm inhibition activity of silver nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
12
|
Bala Subramaniyan S, Ramesh S, Rajendran S, Veerappan A. Dual Function Antimicrobial Loaded Lectin Carrier: A Strategy to Overcome Biomolecular Interference without Detectable Resistance. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1823-1833. [PMID: 34161072 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The disposition of a drug in a biological system may be altered by complex biological fluids; especially, protein binding to drugs influences their activity. Herein, we demonstrated a convenient method involving the noncovalent formulation of butea monosperma seed lectin (BMSL) with an antimicrobial lipid, cationic N-acylethanolamine (cNAE) to mitigate the serum protein interference. Fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking study revealed that cNAEs readily formed noncovalent complexes with serum protein, bovine serum albumin. The resulting complexes interfered with the antimicrobial activity of cNAEs. Strikingly, the noncovalent conjugates developed with BMSL and cNAEs (BcNAE) overcame the interference from serum protein and displayed remarkable antimicrobial activity against uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Strikingly, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the lectin conjugates (7.81 μM) was 4-fold lower than the MIC of pure cNAE. Mechanistic studies showed that BcNAE depolarized the bacterial membrane and affected the integrity to exert the antimicrobial activity. The membrane directed activities of BcNAE on UPEC efficiently eliminated the development of resistance even after 25 passages. The hemocompatibility results and the biosafety assessed in a zebrafish model suggested that BcNAE was nontoxic with good selectivity to bacteria. While testing the therapeutic efficacy against UPEC infected zebrafish, we found that 1× MIC cNAE is ineffective due to interference from biological fluids, which is in agreement with in vitro studies. Remarkably, the infected fish treated with 1× MIC BcNAE conjugates were rescued from infection and restored to the normal life in less than 9 h. Bacterial colony count assay revealed that BcNAE was more efficient in overcoming the biological fluid interference and eliminated the bacterial burden in infected zebrafish. Histopathology analysis supported that BcNAE treatment restored the pathological changes induced by UPEC and, thus, increased survival. The high antimicrobial intensity with limited chance for resistance development and potential to overcome biomolecular interference with a lack of toxicity enhance the merits of exploring lectin conjugates against infectious pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Bala Subramaniyan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur-613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subburethinam Ramesh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur-613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthilnathan Rajendran
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur-613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, Shanmugha Arts, Science, Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University, Thanjavur-613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Subramaniyan SB, Sengan M, Subburethinam R, Veerappan A. Excellent synergistic activity of a designed membrane acting pyridinium containing antimicrobial cationic N-acylethanolamine with isoniazid against mycobacterium. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj00776a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
cNAEs lower the MIC of isoniazid without compromising antimycobacterial activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Bala Subramaniyan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- Shanmugha Arts
- Science
- Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University
| | - Megarajan Sengan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- Shanmugha Arts
- Science
- Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University
| | - Ramesh Subburethinam
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- Shanmugha Arts
- Science
- Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- Shanmugha Arts
- Science
- Technology & Research Academy (SASTRA) Deemed University
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Rubeena AS, Lakshmi S, George D, Subramaniyan SB, Veerappan A, Preetham E. Shrimp lectin (Md- Lec) conjugated copper sulfide nanoparticles enhance the elimination of aquatic pathogens in infected Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). RSC Adv 2020; 10:44216-44224. [PMID: 35517126 PMCID: PMC9058501 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06853e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are known for their ability to bind to cell surface glycans, and are useful to develop a glycan-targeted drug delivery system. This study aimed to evaluate the capacity of pectin capped copper sulfide nanoparticles (pCuS NPs) to modulate the antibacterial activity of a lectin, Md-Lec, purified from the shrimp, Metapenaeus dobsoni. Fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that Md-Lec has the ability to form a complex with pCuS NPs. Haemagglutination assay showed that the carbohydrate binding site of the lectin was preserved even after complexing with pCuS. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) obtained for Md-Lec and pCuS NPs against the tested aquatic pathogens were 50 μg ml−1 and 12.5 μM, respectively. Interestingly, the MIC of Md-Lec–pCuS NPs complex was four fold lower than that of pCuS, which was attributed to the bacterial cell surface glycan recognization activity of Md-Lec. Zone of inhibition assay showed that the zone size was highest for the lectin conjugated nanoparticles. Mechanistic study revealed that Md-Lec–pCuS NPs affect the bacterial membrane integrity and produce a large volume of reactive oxygen species to kill the bacteria. The practical aspect of using this lectin–pCuS NPs complex was evaluated by treating bacteria infected Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The bacterial load was much less in the lectin–pCus NPs complex treated fish; moreover, the fish fully recovered from the infection. It was concluded that the conjugate of antibacterial lectin and NPs is more effective than the individual components. Synthesis of Md-Lec-pCuSNPs and its enhanced in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Salam Rubeena
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies Panangad Kerala India
| | - Sreeja Lakshmi
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies Panangad Kerala India
| | - Digi George
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies Panangad Kerala India
| | - Siva Bala Subramaniyan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur Tamil Nadu 613401 India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University Thanjavur Tamil Nadu 613401 India
| | - Elumalai Preetham
- School of Ocean Science and Technology, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies Panangad Kerala India .,Department of Fish Processing Technology (Biochemistry), Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies Panangad Kerala India
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sengan M, Kamlekar RK, Veerappan A. Highly selective rapid colorimetric sensing of Pb 2+ ion in water samples and paint based on metal induced aggregation of N-decanoyltromethamine capped gold nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 239:118485. [PMID: 32450540 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead is highly toxic. The detection of lead in the environmental bodies is difficult, because it is colourless and odourless. Herein, we report the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the interdigitized vesicles formed by N-decanoyltromethamine (NDTM). AuNPs stabilized by NDTM was pink in colour with spherical shape and the size is 29 ± 7 nm. The optical property of the NDTM-AuNPs was explored for the first time to detect toxic chemical, Pb2+. The addition of toxic metal ion Pb2+ to NDTM-AuNPs rapidly (< 1 min) alters the colour from pink to violet due to aggregation, which was confirmed by particle size analyser and TEM. The aggregation induced colour changes were realized via broad spectra in UV-Vis spectroscopy. NDTM-AuNPs showed a selective and sensitive spectrophotometric signal with Pb2+ when compared with other metal ions. The colorimetric change as a function of Pb2+ concentration gave a linear response in the range of 0-30 μM (R2 = 0.9942). The detection limit was found at 10 μM by naked eye and 0.35 μM by spectrophotometry. The proposed method was successfully applied for the determination of Pb2+ ions in tap water and sewage water. Moreover, as a proof of concept, the NDTM-AuNPs sensor system was applied for the detection of lead in commercial paints. The results of the quantitative estimation of lead in paints by NDTM-AuNPs colorimetric sensor were as good as the standard method, atomic absorption spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Megarajan Sengan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravi Kanth Kamlekar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sengan M, Veerappan A. N-myristoyltaurine capped copper nanoparticles for selective colorimetric detection of Hg2+ in wastewater and as effective chemocatalyst for organic dye degradation. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
17
|
Bharathan S, Sundaramoorthy NS, Chandrasekaran H, Rangappa G, ArunKumar G, Subramaniyan SB, Veerappan A, Nagarajan S. Sub lethal levels of platinum nanoparticle cures plasmid and in combination with carbapenem, curtails carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5305. [PMID: 30923328 PMCID: PMC6438982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41489-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance traits are rapidly disseminated across bacteria by horizontal gene transfer, especially through plasmids. Plasmid curing agents that are active both in vitro and in vivo will resensitize Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria to antimicrobial agents. Pectin capped platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) at sub MIC (20 µM) concentration was effective, in causing loss of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) harboring plasmid as evidenced by, absence of plasmid in agarose gel and by a concomitant (16-64 fold) drop in MIC for cell wall inhibitors ceftriaxone and meropenem, in carbapenem resistant Escherichia coli (CREC). Interestingly, the plasmid cured strain exhibited small colony morphology and displayed slower growth both in vitro and in vivo. Complementation of cured strain with plasmid from the wild type strain restored resistance towards meropenem and ceftriaxone. Relative to wild type, plasmid cured strain displayed 50% reduction in biofilm formation. Plasmid curing also occurred in vivo in infected zebrafish with curing efficiency of 17% for nanoparticle + meropenem treatment. PtNPs + meropenem reduced bioburden of CREC in infected zebrafish by 2.4 log CFU. Mechanistic studies revealed that nanoparticle interacted with cell surface and perturbed inner membrane integrity. PtNPs did not induce ROS, yet it caused plasmid DNA cleavage, as evidenced by gyrase inhibition assay. Our study for the first time reveals that PtNPs as plasmid curing agent can resensitize MDR bacteria to selective antimicrobial agents in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhashree Bharathan
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Niranjana Sri Sundaramoorthy
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Harini Chandrasekaran
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Gagana Rangappa
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - GaneshPrasad ArunKumar
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Siva Bala Subramaniyan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India.
| | - Saisubramanian Nagarajan
- Center for Research in Infectious Diseases, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, India.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Reddy SMK, Kothandapani J, Sengan M, Veerappan A, Selva Ganesan S. Exploring the influence of designer surfactant hydrophobicity in key C C/C N bond forming reactions. Molecular Catalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
19
|
Jayanthi M, Megarajan S, Subramaniyan SB, Kamlekar RK, Veerappan A. A convenient green method to synthesize luminescent carbon dots from edible carrot and its application in bioimaging and preparation of nanocatalyst. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.01.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
20
|
Sengan M, Subramaniyan SB, Arul Prakash S, Kamlekar R, Veerappan A. Effective elimination of biofilm formed with waterborne pathogens using copper nanoparticles. Microb Pathog 2019; 127:341-346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
21
|
Bala Subramaniyan S, Veerappan A. Water soluble cadmium selenide quantum dots for ultrasensitive detection of organic, inorganic and elemental mercury in biological fluids and live cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:22274-22281. [PMID: 35519466 PMCID: PMC9066711 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04753k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CdSe QDs fluorescence is highly selective and sensitive to mercury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siva Bala Subramaniyan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur – 613401
- India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur – 613401
- India
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ayaz Ahmed KB, Raman T, Veerappan A. Author Correction: Jacalin capped platinum nanoparticles confer persistent immunity against multiple Aeromonas infection in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5114. [PMID: 29559640 PMCID: PMC5861123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22719-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
23
|
Ayaz Ahmed KB, Raman T, Veerappan A. Jacalin capped platinum nanoparticles confer persistent immunity against multiple Aeromonas infection in zebrafish. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2200. [PMID: 29396408 PMCID: PMC5797147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20627-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance is a major clinical problem, which is compounded by both a lack of new antibiotics and emergence of multi- and extremely-drug resistant microbes. In this context, non-toxic nanoparticles could play an important role in conferring protection against bacterial infections and in this study we have made an attempt to show the usefulness of jacalin capped platinum nanoparticles in protecting zebrafish against multiple infections with Aeromonas hydrophila. Our results also indicate that use of nanoparticles promotes adaptive immune response against the pathogen, so much so that zebrafish is able to survive repetitive infection even after twenty one days of being treated with jacalin-capped platinum nanoparticles. This is significant given that platinum salt is not antibacterial and jacalin is non-immunogenic. Our study for the first time reveals a novel mechanism of action of nanoparticles, which could form an alternate antibacterial strategy with minimal bacterial resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Behlol Ayaz Ahmed
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiagarajan Raman
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda College, Mylapore, Chennai, 600004, India.
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur, 613401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Megarajan S, Subramaniyan SB, Muthuswamy S, Anthony SP, Arunachalam J, Moon D, Veerappan A. Synthesis, supramolecular organization and thermotropic phase behaviour of N-acyltris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane. RSC Adv 2018; 8:32823-32831. [PMID: 35547689 PMCID: PMC9086375 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06479b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we reported the supramolecular organization of N-acyltris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (NATM) in the solid state as well as in aqueous solution. Single crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that NATM adopts a fully interdigitized structure. The thermodynamic parameters associated with thermotropic phase behaviour of NATM was determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The molecular packing and phase state of the NATM analyzed by laurdan and prodan fluorescence supports the formation of an interdigitized phase in aqueous solution. The potential application of the self-assembled NATM vesicles was demonstrated through entrapping model drug, Rhodamine B. Self assembly of N-acyltris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane into interdigitized vesicles.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sengan Megarajan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur – 613401
- India
| | | | - Sureshan Muthuswamy
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur – 613401
- India
| | | | - Jothi Arunachalam
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur – 613401
- India
| | - Dohyun Moon
- Beamline Department
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory
- Pohang
- Korea
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA Deemed University
- Thanjavur – 613401
- India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Uppuluri KB, Ayaz Ahmed KB, Jothi A, Veerappan A. Spectrofluorimetric and molecular docking investigation on the interaction of 6-azauridine, a pyrimidine nucleoside antimetabolite, with serum protein. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.02.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
26
|
Ahmed KBA, Raman T, Veerappan A. Future prospects of antibacterial metal nanoparticles as enzyme inhibitor. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2016; 68:939-947. [PMID: 27524096 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are being widely used as antibacterial agents with metal nanoparticles emerging as the most efficient antibacterial agents. There have been many studies which have reported the mechanism of antibacterial activity of nanoparticles on bacteria. In this review we aim to emphasize on all the possible mechanisms which are involved in the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles and also to understand their mode of action and role as bacterial enzyme inhibitor by comparing their antibacterial mechanism to that of antibiotics with enzyme inhibition as a major mechanism. With the emergence of widespread antibiotic resistance, nanoparticles offer a better alternative to our conventional arsenal of antibiotics. Once the biological safety of these nanoparticles is addressed, these nanoparticles can be of great medical importance in our fight against bacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Behlol Ayaz Ahmed
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Thiagarajan Raman
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Veerappan A, Thompson M, Savage AR, Silverman ML, Chan WS, Sung B, Summers B, Montelione KC, Benedict P, Groh B, Vicencio AG, Peinado H, Worgall S, Silver RB. Mast cells and exosomes in hyperoxia-induced neonatal lung disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 310:L1218-32. [DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00299.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD) is a frequent sequela of premature birth and oxygen toxicity is a major associated risk factor. Impaired alveolarization, scarring, and inflammation are hallmarks of CLD. Mast cell hyperplasia is a feature of CLD but the role of mast cells in its pathogenesis is unknown. We hypothesized that mast cell hyperplasia is a consequence of neonatal hyperoxia and contributes to CLD. Additionally, mast cell products may have diagnostic and prognostic value in preterm infants predisposed to CLD. To model CLD, neonatal wild-type and mast cell-deficient mice were placed in an O2 chamber delivering hyperoxic gas mixture [inspired O2 fraction (FiO2) of 0.8] (HO) for 2 wk and then returned to room air (RA) for an additional 3 wk. Age-matched controls were kept in RA (FiO2 of 0.21). Lungs from HO mice had increased numbers of mast cells, alveolar simplification and enlargement, and increased lung compliance. Mast cell deficiency proved protective by preserving air space integrity and lung compliance. The mast cell mediators β-hexosaminidase (β-hex), histamine, and elastase increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of HO wild-type mice. Tracheal aspirate fluids (TAs) from oxygenated and mechanically ventilated preterm infants were analyzed for mast cell products. In TAs from infants with confirmed cases of CLD, β-hex was elevated over time and correlated with FiO2. Mast cell exosomes were also present in the TAs. Collectively, these data show that mast cells play a significant role in hyperoxia-induced lung injury and their products could serve as potential biomarkers in evolving CLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Veerappan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - M. Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - A. R. Savage
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - M. L. Silverman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - W. S. Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - B. Sung
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | - B. Summers
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - K. C. Montelione
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - P. Benedict
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - B. Groh
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - A. G. Vicencio
- Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - H. Peinado
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - S. Worgall
- Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
| | - R. B. Silver
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ayaz Ahmed KB, Ahalya P, Sengan M, Kamlekar R, Veerappan A. Synthesis and characterization of zinc sulfide quantum dots and their interaction with snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina) seed lectin. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 151:739-45. [PMID: 26172461 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the use of quantum dots in biological labeling, and the specific interaction of lectins with tumor cells, studies on lectin-QDs interaction are of potential interest. Herein, we report a facile method to prepare zinc sulfide quantum dots (ZnS QDs) using pectin as a capping agent and studied their interaction with snake gourd seed lectin (SGSL) by fluorescence spectroscopy. The QDs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The thermodynamic forces governing the interaction between ZnS-QDs and SGSL have been delineated from the temperature dependent association constant. These results suggest that the binding between ZnS QDs and SGSL is governed by enthalpic forces with negative entropic contribution. The red shift of synchronous fluorescence spectra showed that the microenvironment around the tryptophan residues of SGSL was perturbed by ZnS-QDs. The obtained results suggest that the development of optical bioimaging agents by using the conjugated lectin-QDs would be possible to diagnose cancerous tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Behlol Ayaz Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pichaikkannu Ahalya
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Megarajan Sengan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravikanth Kamlekar
- Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Division, School of Advance Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ayaz Ahmed KB, Mohammed AS, Veerappan A. Interaction of sugar stabilized silver nanoparticles with the T-antigen specific lectin, jacalin from Artocarpus integrifolia. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 145:110-116. [PMID: 25770933 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.01.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The advances in nanomedicine demonstrate the anticancer properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and considered as an alternative to the available chemotherapeutic agents. Owing to the preferential interaction of Artocarpus integrifolia lectin (jacalin) with Galβ1-3GalNAcα (a chemically well-defined tumor associated antigen), a study was undertaken to understand the interaction mechanism of AgNPs with jacalin in presence of specific sugar, galactose. Fluorescence spectroscopic analysis revealed that the AgNPs binding significantly quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of jacalin through a static quenching mechanism, and a non-radiative energy transfer occurred within the molecules. Association constants obtained from the interaction of different sugar-stabilized AgNPs with jacalin are in the order of 10(4)M(-1), this is in the same range as those obtained for the interaction of lectin with carbohydrate and hydrophobic ligand. Each subunit of the tetrameric jacalin binds one AgNPs, and the stoichiometry was unaffected by the presence of the specific sugar, galactose. Hemagglutination assay shows that sugar stabilized AgNPs interacts to jacalin at a site that is different from the saccharide-binding site. Analysis of the FTIR spectra of jacalin indicates that the binding of AgNPs does not alter the secondary structure of jacalin. More importantly, AgNPs exists in nano form even after interacting with the lectin. These results suggest that the development of lectin-AgNPs conjugate would be possible for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Behlol Ayaz Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudaram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ansari Sulthan Mohammed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudaram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudaram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dharsana US, Sai Varsha MKN, Khan Behlol AA, Veerappan A, Thiagarajan R. Sulfidation modulates the toxicity of biogenic copper nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra17322h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
First report to show sulfidation reduces CuNP toxicity in vivo. Sulfidation lowered oxidative stress and liver pathology, protected biochemical components, prevented micronucleus formation – strategy for reducing environmental impact of nanoparticles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U. S. Dharsana
- Department of Bioengineering
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur 613401
- India
| | - M. K. N. Sai Varsha
- Department of Bioengineering
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur 613401
- India
| | - Ayaz Ahmed Khan Behlol
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur 613401
- India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur 613401
- India
| | - Raman Thiagarajan
- Department of Bioengineering
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur 613401
- India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ayaz Ahmed KB, Subramanian S, Sivasubramanian A, Veerappan G, Veerappan A. Preparation of gold nanoparticles using Salicornia brachiata plant extract and evaluation of catalytic and antibacterial activity. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 130:54-58. [PMID: 24762573 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The current study deals with the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using Salicornia brachiata (Sb) and evaluation of their antibacterial and catalytic activity. The SbAuNPs showed purple color with a characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak at 532 nm. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy revealed polydispersed AuNPs with the size range from 22 to 35 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray and thin layer X-ray diffraction analysis clearly shows that SbAuNPs was pure and crystalline in nature. As prepared gold nanoparticles was used as a catalyst for the sodium borohydride reduction of 4-nitro phenol to 4-amino phenol and methylene blue to leucomethylene blue. The green synthesized nanoparticles exhibited potent antibacterial activity against the pathogenic bacteria, as evidenced by their zone of inhibition. In addition, we showed that the SbAuNPs in combination with the regular antibiotic, ofloxacin, exhibit superior antibacterial activity than the individual.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Behlol Ayaz Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swetha Subramanian
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aravind Sivasubramanian
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganapathy Veerappan
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Janani S, Stevenson P, Veerappan A. Activity of catalytic silver nanoparticles modulated by capping agent hydrophobicity. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 117:528-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
33
|
Seralathan J, Stevenson P, Subramaniam S, Raghavan R, Pemaiah B, Sivasubramanian A, Veerappan A. Spectroscopy investigation on chemo-catalytic, free radical scavenging and bactericidal properties of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized using Salicornia brachiata aqueous extract. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 118:349-355. [PMID: 24056313 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.08.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanosized silver have been widely used in many applications, such as catalysis, photonics, sensors, medicine etc. Thus, there is an increasing need to develop high-yield, low cost, non-toxic and eco-friendly procedures for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Herein, we report an efficient, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles utilizing the aqueous extract of Salicornia brachiata, a tropical plant of the Chenopodiaceae family. Silver nanoparticles have been characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The morphology of the particles formed consists of highly diversified shapes like spherical, rod-like, prism, triangular, pentagonal and hexagonal pattern. However, addition of sodium hydroxide to the extract produces mostly spherical particles. The stable nanoparticles obtained using this green method show remarkable catalytic activity in the reduction of 4-nitro phenol to 4-amino phenol. The reduction catalyzed by silver nanoparticles followed the first-order kinetics, with a rate constant of, 0.6×10(-2) s(-1). The bactericidal activity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles against the pathogenic bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus E, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, was also explored using REMA. The obtained results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration required to induce bactericidal effect is lower than the control antibiotic, ciprofloxacin. In addition to these, the biogenic synthesized nanoparticles also exhibited excellent free radical scavenging activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janani Seralathan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ayaz Ahmed KB, Subramaniam S, Veerappan G, Hari N, Sivasubramanian A, Veerappan A. β-Sitosterol-d-glucopyranoside isolated from Desmostachya bipinnata mediates photoinduced rapid green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10626a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A sunlight-induced synthesis of silver nanoparticles using β-sitosterol-d-glucopyranoside, a bio-surfactant isolated from the Indian sacred grass Desmostachya bipinnata.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khan Behlol Ayaz Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Ganapathy Veerappan
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon, South Korea
| | - Natarajan Hari
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Aravind Sivasubramanian
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Venkatakrishnan S, Veerappan G, Elamparuthi E, Veerappan A. Aerobic synthesis of biocompatible copper nanoparticles: promising antibacterial agent and catalyst for nitroaromatic reduction and C–N cross coupling reaction. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01126k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of copper nanoparticles at ambient conditions using biopolymer, pectin, as a protecting agent and hydrazine as a reducing agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Showmya Venkatakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Ganapathy Veerappan
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology
- Sungkyunkwan University
- , South Korea
| | - Elangovan Elamparuthi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Veerappan A, Eichhorn T, Zeino M, Efferth T, Schneider D. Differential interactions of the broad spectrum drugs artemisinin, dihydroartemisinin and artesunate with serum albumin. Phytomedicine 2013; 20:969-974. [PMID: 23684544 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Artemisinin is a drug, widely used in malaria treatment. As the binding affinity of artemisinin and its derivatives dihydroartemisinin and artesunate to blood serum proteins might influence the effectiveness of the drug, binding of artemisinin and derivatives to serum albumin was studied under near physiological conditions. Binding kinetics indicate a simple, single-step association process for all artemisinin derivatives. The determined changes in enthalpy and entropy upon drug binding clearly indicate that hydrophobic forces are most important for artemisinin and dihydroartemisinin binding, whereas binding of artesunate is governed by both hydrophilic and hydrophobic forces. Key residues, which are most likely involved in binding of the respective compounds, were identified in subsequent protein/drug docking studies. The obtained results not only explain differences in between artemisinin and derivatives but generally illustrate how slight modifications in a drug can significantly affect principles underlying drug binding to target proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Institut für Pharmazie und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Stangl M, Veerappan A, Kroeger A, Vogel P, Schneider D. Detergent properties influence the stability of the glycophorin A transmembrane helix dimer in lysophosphatidylcholine micelles. Biophys J 2012; 103:2455-64. [PMID: 23260047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Detergents might affect membrane protein structures by promoting intramolecular interactions that are different from those found in native membrane bilayers, and fine-tuning detergent properties can be crucial for obtaining structural information of intact and functional transmembrane proteins. To systematically investigate the influence of the detergent concentration and acyl-chain length on the stability of a transmembrane protein structure, the stability of the human glycophorin A transmembrane helix dimer has been analyzed in lyso-phosphatidylcholine micelles of different acyl-chain length. While our results indicate that the transmembrane protein is destabilized in detergents with increasing chain-length, the diameter of the hydrophobic micelle core was found to be less crucial. Thus, hydrophobic mismatch appears to be less important in detergent micelles than in lipid bilayers and individual detergent molecules appear to be able to stretch within a micelle to match the hydrophobic thickness of the peptide. However, the stability of the GpA TM helix dimer linearly depends on the aggregation number of the lyso-PC detergents, indicating that not only is the chemistry of the detergent headgroup and acyl-chain region central for classifying a detergent as harsh or mild, but the detergent aggregation number might also be important.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stangl
- Institut für Pharmazie und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Veerappan A, Cymer F, Klein N, Schneider D. The Tetrameric α-Helical Membrane Protein GlpF Unfolds via a Dimeric Folding Intermediate. Biochemistry 2011; 50:10223-30. [DOI: 10.1021/bi201266m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anbazhagan Veerappan
- Institut für Pharmazie
und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institut für Biochemie
und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Cymer
- Institut für Pharmazie
und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institut für Biochemie
und Molekularbiologie, ZBMZ, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Noreen Klein
- Institut für Pharmazie
und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Institut für Pharmazie
und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cymer F, Veerappan A, Schneider D. Transmembrane helix-helix interactions are modulated by the sequence context and by lipid bilayer properties. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 1818:963-73. [PMID: 21827736 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Folding of polytopic transmembrane proteins involves interactions of individual transmembrane helices, and multiple TM helix-helix interactions need to be controlled and aligned to result in the final TM protein structure. While defined interaction motifs, such as the GxxxG motif, might be critically involved in transmembrane helix-helix interactions, the sequence context as well as lipid bilayer properties significantly modulate the strength of a sequence specific transmembrane helix-helix interaction. Structures of 11 transmembrane helix dimers have been described today, and the influence of the sequence context as well as of the detergent and lipid environment on a sequence specific dimerization is discussed in light of the available structural information. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein Folding in Membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Cymer
- Institut für Pharmazie und Biochemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Johann-Becher-Weg 30, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Veerappan A, Schneider D. Global Bilayer Properties can Modulate Membrane Protein Oligomerization. Biophys J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.12.1301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
|
41
|
Fassler M, Zocher M, Klare S, de la Fuente AG, Scheuermann J, Capell A, Haass C, Valkova C, Veerappan A, Schneider D, Kaether C. Masking of transmembrane-based retention signals controls ER export of gamma-secretase. Traffic 2009; 11:250-8. [PMID: 19958468 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2009.01014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
gamma-Secretase is critically involved in the Notch pathway and in Alzheimer's disease. The four subunits of gamma-secretase assemble in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and unassembled subunits are retained/retrieved to the ER by specific signals. We here describe a novel ER-retention/retrieval signal in the transmembrane domain (TMD) 4 of presenilin 1, a subunit of gamma-secretase. TMD4 also is essential for complex formation, conferring a dual role for this domain. Likewise, TMD1 of Pen2 is bifunctional as well. It carries an ER-retention/retrieval signal and is important for complex assembly by binding to TMD4. The two TMDs directly interact with each other and mask their respective ER-retention/retrieval signals, allowing surface transport of reporter proteins. Our data suggest a model how assembly of Pen2 into the nascent gamma-secretase complex could mask TMD-based ER-retention/retrieval signals to allow plasma membrane transport of fully assembled gamma-secretase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Fassler
- Leibniz Institut für Altersforschung-Fritz Lipmann Institut, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Veerappan A, Miyazaki S, Kadarkaraisamy M, Ranganathan D. Acute and subacute toxicity studies of Aegle marmelos Corr., an Indian medicinal plant. Phytomedicine 2007; 14:209-15. [PMID: 16860551 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2006.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to elucidate the toxicity of the widely used plant Aegle marmelos in rats. We have taken total alcoholic, total aqueous, whole aqueous and methanolic extracts isolated from the leaves of A. marmelos and studied their toxic effects. Acute, subacute and LD(50) values were determined in experimental rats. The dead animals were obtained from primary screening studies, LD(50) value determination experiments and acute studies subjected to postmortem studies. The external appearance of the dead animals, the appearance of the viscera, heart, lungs, stomach, intestine, liver, kidney, spleen and brain were carefully noted and any apparent and significant features or differences from the norm were recorded. Following the chronic administration of A. marmelos for 14 days, the vital organs such as heart, liver, kidney, testis, spleen and brain were carefully evaluated by histopathological studies and any apparent and significant changes or differences from the norm were studied. From the acute administration of A. marmelos, the LD(50) values were determined using graphical method. The hearts stopped in systolic stand-still in the acute experiments. There were no remarkable changes noticed in the histopathological studies after 50 mg/kg body wt of the extracts of A. marmelos when administered intraperitoneally for 14 days successively. Pathologically, neither gross abnormalities nor histopathological changes were observed. After calculation of LD(50) values using graphical methods, we found a broad therapeutic window and a high therapeutic index value for A. marmelos extracts. Intraperitoneal administration of the extracts of the leaves of A. marmelos at doses of 50, 70, 90 and 100 mg/kg body wt for 14 consecutive days to male and female Wistar rats did not induce any short-term toxicity. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the extracts of the leaves of A. marmelos have a high margin of drug safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Veerappan
- Department of Pharmacology and Environmental Toxicology, Dr. A.L.M. Post-Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
The administration of corticosteroids by various routes in the treatment of croup remains controversial as studies with varying designs and outcome measures have reported conflicting results. However, meta-analysis supports the use of steroids in croup. A dose equivalent to or greater than 100 mg/kg body weight of hydrocortisone, administered orally or parenterally appears to be effective. Nebulized budesonide in a dose of 1,000 micrograms, when dosages are given 30 minutes apart is also effective. The L-epinephrine is as effective as racemic epinephrine and should be used to relieve symptoms with or without steroids. Summarizing the value of beta agonists, for treatment of bronchiolitis is rather challenging. Beta agonists offer significant relief to only a subgroup of infants, with bronchiolitis, albeit, it remains a challenge to identify these infants prospectively. Availability of RSV immune globulin for prevention of RSV disease in high-risk infants and better defining the role of ribavirin for selected patients may offer additional avenues to the treating physician.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Veerappan
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1316, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Siegel JH, Veerappan A, Tucker R. Bipolar versus monopolar sphincterotomy: a prospective trial. Am J Gastroenterol 1994; 89:1827-30. [PMID: 7942676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the frequency of complications, specifically pancreatitis, associated with endoscopic sphincterotomy, comparing the standard, monopolar electrocautery current to the bipolar system. METHODS One-hundred consecutive patients requiring ERCP and sphincterotomy, 50 patients in each group, were randomized to receive a sphincterotomy using either the bipolar system (Bitome) or the standard monopolar system. Cannulation with the selected sphincterotome was successful in 92 patients, but crossover to the other system was necessary in eight patients, five bipolar and three monopolar. The performance of sphincterotomy was conducted similarly and by the same investigator. Excessive manipulation of the papilla during difficult cannulation was avoided, and no pre-cut, needle knife, or wire-guided assisted cannulation techniques were used in either group. RESULTS Complications were assessed during follow-up review of charts and telephone interviews. Pancreatitis did not occur in the bipolar group; however, six patients in the monopolar group developed clinical and biochemical evidence of pancreatitis (p < 0.047). CONCLUSIONS Sphincterotomy using bipolar technology appears to reduce the frequency of pancreatitis when compared to monopolar technology in a prospective, randomized fashion. Because bipolar electrocautery current is localized to the accessory tip, radiofrequency does not encounter impedance through the patient's body mass, and tissue injury is reduced. This fact may account for the decreased incidence of pancreatitis in the bipolar group. Larger studies are called for to support this conclusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Siegel
- Section of Endoscopy, Beth Israel Medical Center North Division, New York, New York
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Performing sphincterotomy when either Billroth II gastrectomy or complicated periampullary diverticula are present may increase the risk of complications. In addition a sphincterotomy on the main pancreatic sphincter or the papilla of Santorini presents complicated problems. Stent-guided sphincterotomy has been utilized in 229 patients presenting to our institution from 1983 through 1992. They were performed in 67 patients who had undergone Billroth II gastrectomy, 23 with periampullary diverticula, 57 with pancreas divisum, and 82 with a history of recurrent pancreatitis. To prevent ductal injury or perforation, a stent is first inserted into the biliary or pancreatic duct to guide the sphincterotomy incision. The sphincterotomy is performed using electrocautery current delivered through a "needle knife" sphincterotome. Pancreatitis occurred in 19 patients (8.3%). It was mild in 17 and moderate in two patients. One patient experienced severe hemorrhage requiring surgery. No mortality or perforations occurred. The stent-guided needle knife sphincterotomy approach is an effective technique. It has a low complication rate even in these difficult anatomic conditions. It assures that the incision precisely follows the duct when performing pancreatic sphincterotomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Siegel
- Section of Endoscopy, Beth Israel Medical Center North Division, New York, New York
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
Recurrent biliary pancreatitis frequently is associated with an intact gallbladder containing stones. This condition has been effectively treated by removing the gallbladder, but there is evidence that endoscopic sphincterotomy might obviate the need for cholecystectomy in some patients. We performed prophylactic sphincterotomy in 49 patients who presented with biliary pancreatitis more than once and who were considered at risk for surgery. The majority (39 patients) were treated electively after resolution of pancreatitis, while the remainder (10 patients) were treated urgently during their index admission because of continuing symptoms. No patient experienced recurrent pancreatitis over a mean follow-up period of 48 months. No mortality occurred in this endoscopic series, and no significant morbidity was experienced. Based on our results, we advocate performing sphincterotomy in the aged patient or younger patients considered at high risk for surgery who present with a history of recurrent pancreatitis and cholelithiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Siegel
- Section of Endoscopy, Beth Israel Medical Center North Division, New York, New York
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Affiliation(s)
- A Veerappan
- Section of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Hospital North, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Affiliation(s)
- J Siegel
- Section of Endoscopy, Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, NY
| | | |
Collapse
|