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Sall I, Foxall R, Felth L, Maret S, Rosa Z, Gaur A, Calawa J, Pavlik N, Whistler JL, Whistler CA. Gut dysbiosis was inevitable, but tolerance was not: temporal responses of the murine microbiota that maintain its capacity for butyrate production correlate with sustained antinociception to chronic voluntary morphine. bioRxiv 2024:2024.04.15.589671. [PMID: 38659831 PMCID: PMC11042308 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.15.589671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic benefits of opioids are compromised by the development of analgesic tolerance, which necessitates higher dosing for pain management thereby increasing the liability for dependence and addiction. Rodent models indicate opposing roles of the gut microbiota in tolerance: morphine-induced gut dysbiosis exacerbates tolerance, whereas probiotics ameliorate tolerance. Not all individuals develop tolerance which could be influenced by differences in microbiota, and yet no study has capitalized upon this natural variation to identify specific features linked to tolerance. We leveraged this natural variation in a murine model of voluntary oral morphine self-administration to elucidate the mechanisms by which microbiota influences tolerance. Although all mice shared similar and predictive morphine-driven microbiota changes that largely masked informative associations with variability in tolerance, our high-resolution temporal analyses revealed a divergence in the progression of dysbiosis that best explained differences in the development in tolerance. Mice that did not develop tolerance also maintained a higher abundance of taxa capable of producing the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate, known to bolster intestinal barriers, suppress inflammation, and promote neuronal homeostasis. Furthermore, dietary butyrate supplementation significantly reduced the development of tolerance. These findings could inform immediate therapies to extend the analgesic efficacy of opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Sall
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
- Graduate program in Molecular and Evolutionary Systems Biology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Randi Foxall
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Lindsey Felth
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Soren Maret
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Zachary Rosa
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Calawa
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
- Microbiology Graduate Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Nadia Pavlik
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Whistler
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl A. Whistler
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
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Gooding SW, Felth L, Foxall R, Rosa Z, Ireton K, Sall I, Gipoor J, Gaur A, King M, Dirks N, Whistler CA, Whistler JL. Deletion of arrestin-3 does not improve compulsive drug-seeking behavior in a longitudinal paradigm of oral morphine self-administration. bioRxiv 2024:2023.03.30.534994. [PMID: 38562752 PMCID: PMC10983877 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.30.534994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Opioid drugs are potent analgesics that mimic the endogenous opioid peptides, endorphins and enkephalins, by activating the μ-opioid receptor. Opioid use is limited by side effects, including significant risk of opioid use disorder. Improvement of the effect/side effect profile of opioid medications is a key pursuit of opioid research, yet there is no consensus on how to achieve this goal. One hypothesis is that the degree of arrestin-3 recruitment to the μ-opioid receptor impacts therapeutic utility. However, it is not clear whether increased or decreased interaction of the μ-opioid receptor with arrestin-3 would reduce compulsive drug-seeking. To examine this question, we utilized three genotypes of mice with varying abilities to recruit arrestin-3 to the μ-opioid receptor in response to morphine in a novel longitudinal operant self-administration model. We demonstrate that arrestin-3 knockout and wild type mice have highly variable drug-seeking behavior with few genotype differences. In contrast, in mice where the μ-opioid receptor strongly recruits arrestin-3, drug-seeking behavior is much less varied. We created a quantitative method to define compulsivity in drug-seeking and found that mice lacking arrestin-3 were more likely to meet the criteria for compulsivity whereas mice with enhanced arrestin-3 recruitment did not develop a compulsive phenotype. Our data suggest that opioids that engage both G protein and arrestin-3, recapitulating the endogenous signaling pattern, will reduce abuse liability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsey Felth
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Randi Foxall
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire
| | - Zachary Rosa
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kyle Ireton
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Izabella Sall
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire
| | - Joshua Gipoor
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Madeline King
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Noah Dirks
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl A Whistler
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire
| | - Jennifer L Whistler
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
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Meeran T, Gaur A, Sinha S, Kamat N, Phadke A, Bunage R, Mulay A. Post-Cardiac Transplant Rejection Surveillance Utilizing a Novel Low-Cost Liquid Biopsy Technique Analyzing Dd-cfDNA and Dd-cfRNA. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Kamat N, Gaur A, Phadke A, Waje N, Bunage R, Meeran T, Sinha S, Chavan A, Haji J, Rathod A, Mulay A. Utility of Intraoperative Cytokine Hemoadsorption Therapy During Cardiac Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Allega A, Anderson MR, Andringa S, Antunes J, Askins M, Auty DJ, Bacon A, Barros N, Barão F, Bayes R, Beier EW, Bezerra TS, Bialek A, Biller SD, Blucher E, Caden E, Callaghan EJ, Cheng S, Chen M, Cleveland B, Cookman D, Corning J, Cox MA, Dehghani R, Deloye J, Deluce C, Depatie MM, Dittmer J, Dixon KH, Di Lodovico F, Falk E, Fatemighomi N, Ford R, Frankiewicz K, Gaur A, González-Reina OI, Gooding D, Grant C, Grove J, Hallin AL, Hallman D, Heintzelman WJ, Helmer RL, Hu J, Hunt-Stokes R, Hussain SMA, Inácio AS, Jillings CJ, Kaluzienski S, Kaptanoglu T, Khaghani P, Khan H, Klein JR, Kormos LL, Krar B, Kraus C, Krauss CB, Kroupová T, Lam I, Land BJ, Lawson I, Lebanowski L, Lee J, Lefebvre C, Lidgard J, Lin YH, Lozza V, Luo M, Maio A, Manecki S, Maneira J, Martin RD, McCauley N, McDonald AB, Mills C, Morton-Blake I, Naugle S, Nolan LJ, O'Keeffe HM, Orebi Gann GD, Page J, Parker W, Paton J, Peeters SJM, Pickard L, Ravi P, Reichold A, Riccetto S, Richardson R, Rigan M, Rose J, Rosero R, Rumleskie J, Semenec I, Skensved P, Smiley M, Svoboda R, Tam B, Tseng J, Turner E, Valder S, Virtue CJ, Vázquez-Jáuregui E, Wang J, Ward M, Wilson JR, Wilson JD, Wright A, Yanez JP, Yang S, Yeh M, Yu S, Zhang Y, Zuber K, Zummo A. Evidence of Antineutrinos from Distant Reactors Using Pure Water at SNO. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:091801. [PMID: 36930908 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.091801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The SNO+ Collaboration reports the first evidence of reactor antineutrinos in a Cherenkov detector. The nearest nuclear reactors are located 240 km away in Ontario, Canada. This analysis uses events with energies lower than in any previous analysis with a large water Cherenkov detector. Two analytical methods are used to distinguish reactor antineutrinos from background events in 190 days of data and yield consistent evidence for antineutrinos with a combined significance of 3.5σ.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Allega
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M R Anderson
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - S Andringa
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - J Antunes
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Departamento de Física, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Askins
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720-8153, USA
| | - D J Auty
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - A Bacon
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
| | - N Barros
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciéncias (FCUL), Departamento de Física, Campo Grande, Edifício C8, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - F Barão
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior Técnico (IST), Departamento de Física, Avenida Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R Bayes
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - E W Beier
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
| | - T S Bezerra
- Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Pevensey II, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - A Bialek
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - S D Biller
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - E Blucher
- The Enrico Fermi Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - E Caden
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - E J Callaghan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720-8153, USA
| | - S Cheng
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M Chen
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - B Cleveland
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - D Cookman
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Corning
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M A Cox
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - R Dehghani
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - J Deloye
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - C Deluce
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - M M Depatie
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - J Dittmer
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Kern und Teilchenphysik, Zellescher Weg 19, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - K H Dixon
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand Building, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - F Di Lodovico
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand Building, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - E Falk
- Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Pevensey II, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - N Fatemighomi
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - R Ford
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - K Frankiewicz
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - A Gaur
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - O I González-Reina
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Instituto de Física, Apartado Postal 20-364, México D.F. 01000, México
| | - D Gooding
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - C Grant
- Department of Physics, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - J Grove
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - A L Hallin
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - D Hallman
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - W J Heintzelman
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
| | - R L Helmer
- TRIUMF, 4004 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2A3, Canada
| | - J Hu
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - R Hunt-Stokes
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S M A Hussain
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - A S Inácio
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciéncias (FCUL), Departamento de Física, Campo Grande, Edifício C8, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - C J Jillings
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - S Kaluzienski
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - T Kaptanoglu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720-8153, USA
| | - P Khaghani
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - H Khan
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - J R Klein
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
| | - L L Kormos
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - B Krar
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - C Kraus
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - C B Krauss
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - T Kroupová
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
| | - I Lam
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - B J Land
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
| | - I Lawson
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - L Lebanowski
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720-8153, USA
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
| | - J Lee
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - C Lefebvre
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - J Lidgard
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - Y H Lin
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - V Lozza
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciéncias (FCUL), Departamento de Física, Campo Grande, Edifício C8, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - M Luo
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
| | - A Maio
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciéncias (FCUL), Departamento de Física, Campo Grande, Edifício C8, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S Manecki
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
- SNOLAB, Creighton Mine #9, 1039 Regional Road 24, Sudbury, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - J Maneira
- Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 2, 1649-003, Lisboa, Portugal
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciéncias (FCUL), Departamento de Física, Campo Grande, Edifício C8, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - R D Martin
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - N McCauley
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - A B McDonald
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - C Mills
- Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Pevensey II, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - I Morton-Blake
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Naugle
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
| | - L J Nolan
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, 327 Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - H M O'Keeffe
- Physics Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - G D Orebi Gann
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720-8153, USA
| | - J Page
- Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Pevensey II, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - W Parker
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Paton
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S J M Peeters
- Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Pevensey II, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - L Pickard
- University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - P Ravi
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - A Reichold
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Riccetto
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - R Richardson
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - M Rigan
- Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Pevensey II, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - J Rose
- Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - R Rosero
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, New York 11973-500, USA
| | - J Rumleskie
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - I Semenec
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - P Skensved
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - M Smiley
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720-8153, USA
| | - R Svoboda
- University of California, Davis, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - B Tam
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - J Tseng
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - E Turner
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S Valder
- Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Pevensey II, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - C J Virtue
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - E Vázquez-Jáuregui
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Instituto de Física, Apartado Postal 20-364, México D.F. 01000, México
| | - J Wang
- University of Oxford, The Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - M Ward
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - J R Wilson
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand Building, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - J D Wilson
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - A Wright
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - J P Yanez
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - S Yang
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - M Yeh
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Building 555, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, New York 11973-500, USA
| | - S Yu
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road, Sudbury, Ontario P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, 4-181 CCIS, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
- Research Center for Particle Science and Technology, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China
| | - K Zuber
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Kern und Teilchenphysik, Zellescher Weg 19, Dresden 01069, Germany
- MTA Atomki, 4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - A Zummo
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pennsylvania, 209 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6396, USA
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Gaur A, Sharma N, Garg P. Chronic groin pain in Desarda versus Lichtenstein hernia repair - a randomised controlled study. S AFR J SURG 2022. [DOI: 10.17159/2078-5151/sajs3738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chronic pain after inguinal hernia repair is a common complication. This study compared the difference between Desarda repair and Lichtenstein repair for inguinal hernia in chronic groin pain. METHODS: One hundred patients with unilateral uncomplicated inguinal hernia were randomised to either Desarda repair (n = 50) or Lichtenstein repair (n = 50) under local anaesthesia and were evaluated for pain postoperatively. Operative time, surgical complications, time to return to normal gait and work, and overall patient satisfaction were recorded. The patient was blinded to the procedure. Any pain at three months (numerical rating scale 1 or more) was considered chronic pain. RESULTS: Mean operation time was approximately 5 minutes less for Desarda (p = 0.33). There was no significant difference in terms of pain level postoperatively between Lichtenstein and Desarda groups. Twenty-two (44%) patients in the Lichtenstein group had chronic pain, and twenty-one (45.7%) patients had chronic pain in the Desarda group (p = 0.871). No significant difference was observed in haematoma formation, wound infection, recurrence rate, seroma, or foreign body sensation. The mean time for patients to return to normal gait was approximately 0.5 day earlier for the Desarda group (p = 0.29). The mean time for patients to return to normal work was comparable (p = 0.99). Desarda group had a slightly higher satisfaction rate than the Lichtenstein group (9.1%). CONCLUSION: Desarda repair is not inferior to Lichtenstein repair in the short-term concerning complications or pain.
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Lu YS, Sohn J, Lee K, Jung K, Babu G, Liu MC, Srimuninnimit V, Yap Y, Chow L, Gaur A, Wang Y, Gao M, Im SA. 47MO Efficacy and quality of life (QOL) in premenopausal Asian patients (pts) with hormone receptor–positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer (ABC) treated in the MONALEESA (ML)-7 study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Powles T, Oudard S, Grünwald V, Calvo E, Michaelson M, Burotto M, Melichar B, Tyagi R, Hilmi F, Gaur A, Hirschberg Y, Heng D. 718P A phase II study of patients with advanced or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) receiving pazopanib after previous checkpoint inhibitor treatment. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Sharma A, Parkar S, Gaur A, Bagri B. Impact of incarceration on nutritional status and oral health among male inmates of central jail of Jaipur city, India. Rev Esp Sanid Penit 2020; 22:96-103. [PMID: 33300940 PMCID: PMC7754537 DOI: 10.18176/resp.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Prison is an especially difficult environment for promoting oral health and leads to the exacerbation of unhealthy behaviors. This study set out to assess the impact of incarceration on nutritional status and oral health among the male prison inmates of Central Jail of Jaipur city, Rajasthan, India. MATERIAL AND METHOD A cross sectional study was conducted among 181 male inmates. Dental caries and periodontal status were assessed by using modified the Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Loss of Attachment (LOA) index as per the WHO methodology 1997. Nutritional status was assessed by Body Mass Index (BMI) and weight (kg)/height (m2). RESULTS Out of 181 inmates, 141 (77.90%) had normal BMI. The majority (n=128, 70.70%) of inmates were incarcerated for less than 6 years. A significant difference (P<0.05) was found between age and periodontal status. A significant difference was observed (P<0.05) in the CPI score 3 and LOA 0 and 1 score. However, no significant difference (P>0.05) was observed in DMFT and period of incarceration. Age was the significant (P<0.001) risk factor for CPI and LOA. DISCUSSION Dental caries and periodontal health deteriorates with age and period of incarceration. Oral hygiene maintenance along with comprehensive oral care can be accomplished by establishing dental care facilities in prisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sharma
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - S Parkar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Siddhpur Dental College and Hospital, Siddhpur, Patan, India
| | - A Gaur
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, India
| | - B Bagri
- Central Jail Hospital, Jaipur, India
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Carney BC, Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Gaur A, Browne BJ, Moghe M, Crooke E, Moffatt LT, Shupp JW, Rosenthal DS. Inorganic polyphosphate in platelet rich plasma accelerates re-epithelialization in vitro and in vivo. Regen Ther 2020; 15:138-148. [PMID: 33426212 PMCID: PMC7770352 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing requires well-coordinated events including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Delays in any of these stages leads to chronic wounds, infections, and hypertrophic scarring. Burn wounds are particularly problematic, and may require intervention to ensure timely progression to reduce morbidity and mortality. To accelerate burn wound healing, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)1 can be of value, since platelets release growth factor proteins and inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) that may be integral to wound healing. We used polyP-depleted keratinocyte (HaCaT) and fibroblast cell culture models to determine cell proliferation and scratch-wound repair to determine if polyP, platelet lysate, or combined treatment could accelerate wound healing. While polyP and PRP significantly reduced the open scratch-wound area in fibroblasts and keratinocytes, polyP had no effect on keratinocyte or fibroblast proliferation. PRP was also evaluated as a treatment in a murine model of full thickness wound healing in vivo, including a treatment in which PRP was supplemented with purified polyP. PRP induced significantly more rapid re-epithelialization by Day 3. Pure polyP enhanced the effects of PRP on epithelial tongues, which were significantly elongated in the PRP + high-dose polyP treatment groups compared to PRP alone. Thus, PRP and polyP may serve as an effective therapeutic combination for treating wounds.
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Key Words
- Inorganic polyphosphate
- Keratinocytes
- PPX1 exopolyphosphatase
- Wound healing
- endopolyphosphatase, PPN
- epidermal growth factor, EGF
- exopolyphosphatase, PPX
- human foreskin fibroblasts, HFF
- mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR
- platelet-derived growth factor, PDGF
- platelet-poor plasma, PPP
- platelet-rich plasma, PRP
- polyP kinase, PPK
- polyphosphates, polyP
- reactive oxygen species, ROS
- total body surface area, TBSA
- transforming growth factor beta, TGFβ
- vacuolar transporter chaperone 4, VTC4
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie C. Carney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cynthia M. Simbulan-Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Benjamin J. Browne
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Manish Moghe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Elliott Crooke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lauren T. Moffatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Shupp
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
- Firefighters' Burn and Surgical Research Laboratory, MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
- The Burn Center, Department of Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Surgery, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dean S. Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
- Corresponding author. Department of Biochemistry, 3900 Reservoir Road, BSB 333, Washington, DC, 20010, USA.Tel.: 202 687 1056; Fax: 202 687 4632.
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Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Dougherty R, Vakili S, Ferraro AM, Kuo LW, Alobaidi R, Aljehane L, Gaur A, Sykora P, Glasgow E, Agarwal S, Rosenthal DS. CRISPR-Cas9 Knockdown and Induced Expression of CD133 Reveal Essential Roles in Melanoma Invasion and Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101490. [PMID: 31623313 PMCID: PMC6827046 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CD133, known as prominin1, is a penta-span transmembrane glycoprotein presumably a cancer stem cell marker for carcinomas, glioblastomas, and melanomas. We showed that CD133(+) ‘melanoma-initiating cells’ are associated with chemoresistance, contributing to poor patient outcome. The current study investigates the role(s) of CD133 in invasion and metastasis. Magnetic-activated cell sorting of a melanoma cell line (BAKP) followed by transwell invasion assays revealed that CD133(+) cells are significantly more invasive than CD133(−) cells. Conditional reprogramming of BAKP CD133(+) cells maintained stable CD133 overexpression (BAK-R), and induced cancer stem cell markers, melanosphere formation, and chemoresistance to kinase inhibitors. BAK-R cells showed upregulated CD133 expression, and consequently were more invasive and metastatic than BAK-P cells in transwell and zebrafish assays. CD133 knockdown by siRNA or CRISPR-Cas9 (BAK-R-T3) in BAK-R cells reduced invasion and levels of matrix metalloproteinases MMP2/MMP9. BAK-R-SC cells, but not BAK-R-T3, were metastatic in zebrafish. While CD133 knockdown by siRNA or CRISPR-Cas9 in BAK-P cells attenuated invasion and diminished MMP2/MMP9 levels, doxycycline-induced CD133 expression in BAK-P cells enhanced invasion and MMP2/MMP9 concentrations. CD133 may therefore play an essential role in invasion and metastasis via upregulation of MMP2/MMP9, leading to tumor progression, and represents an attractive target for intervention in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M Simbulan-Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Ryan Dougherty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Sahar Vakili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Alexandra M Ferraro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Li-Wei Kuo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Ryyan Alobaidi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Leala Aljehane
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | | | - Eric Glasgow
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Seema Agarwal
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Dean S Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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Sharma K, Gupta KK, Gaur A, Sharma AK, Pathania V, Thakur VB. A cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of early childhood caries and associated risk factors in preschool children in district Mandi, Himachal Pradesh. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent 2019; 37:339-344. [PMID: 31710007 DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_95_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this cross-sectional study is to investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of early childhood caries (ECC) in preschool children of district Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total sample of 2859 children aged between 2 and 6 years were selected from various parts of district Mandi. The status of dental caries and decayed missing and filled teeth (DMFT) score was recorded. RESULTS ECC increased significantly with age. Boys had significantly higher caries prevalence and mean DMFT score as compared to girls. Children who belonged to low socioeconomic group showed higher caries prevalence and mean DMFT score. Children aged 3-6 years who brushed their teeth twice daily had the least prevalence of dental caries as well as DMFT score when compared to children with one time and no brushing. CONCLUSION The early identification of poor oral hygiene and improper feeding habits should be considered in preventive health promotion in low socioeconomic communities of district Mandi, Himachal Pradesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sharma
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Dental College, Himachal Pradesh University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - K K Gupta
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Dental College, Himachal Pradesh University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - A Gaur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Dental College, Himachal Pradesh University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - A K Sharma
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Dental College, Himachal Pradesh University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - V Pathania
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Dental College, Himachal Pradesh University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - V B Thakur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Himachal Dental College, Himachal Pradesh University, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Tripathy D, Campos-Gomez S, Lu YS, Franke F, Bardia A, Wheatley-Price P, Cruz FM, Hegg R, Cardoso F, Gaur A, Kong O, Diaz-Padilla I, Miller M, Hurvitz S. Abstract P6-18-04: Ribociclib with a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor and goserelin in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: MONALEESA-7 age subgroup analysis. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-18-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Younger patients (pts) with breast cancer may experience more aggressive disease and are more likely to die from their cancer vs older pts. In the Phase III MONALEESA-7 study (NCT02278120), the addition of ribociclib (RIB; cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor) to a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor (NSAI) or tamoxifen (TAM) + goserelin significantly prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2–) advanced breast cancer (ABC; hazard ratio 0.553; p<0.0001). RIB treatment benefit was observed irrespective of endocrine partner (NSAI or TAM). Here we report results from a MONALEESA-7 subgroup analysis in pts aged <40 yrs and ≥40 yrs who received RIB or placebo (PBO) in combination with an NSAI + goserelin.
Methods: Pre- or perimenopausal women with HR+, HER2– ABC who had received no prior endocrine therapy and ≤1 line of chemotherapy for ABC were enrolled. Of the 672 pts randomized, 495 (74%) received RIB (600 mg/day, 3-weeks-on/1-week-off) or PBO + an NSAI (letrozole [2.5 mg/day] or anastrozole [1 mg/day]) and goserelin (3.6 mg every 28 days). The primary endpoint was locally assessed PFS; secondary endpoints included overall response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), and safety. A prespecified subgroup analysis was performed in pts aged <40 yrs and ≥40 yrs.
Results: A total of 144 pts were aged <40 yrs (RIB vs PBO arm: 78 vs 66) and 351 were aged ≥40 yrs (170 vs 181). As of August 20, 2017, in the RIB vs PBO arms, treatment was ongoing in 50% vs 23% of pts aged <40 yrs and 54% vs 43% of pts aged ≥40 yrs; disease progression was the most common reason for treatment discontinuation (<40 yrs: 37% vs 68%; ≥40 yrs: 35% vs 44%). Median PFS was prolonged in the RIB vs PBO arms both in pts aged <40 yrs (not reached vs 10.8 months; hazard ratio 0.435; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.276–0.686) and in pts aged ≥40 yrs (27.5 vs 19.1 months; hazard ratio 0.625; 95% CI 0.449–0.870). In pts with measurable disease, the ORR (RIB vs PBO arm) was 49% vs 32% in pts aged <40 yrs and 51% vs 38% in pts aged ≥40 yrs; CBR was 81% vs 61% and 82% vs 65%, respectively. The most common Grade 3 adverse events (AEs; ≥5% of pts in either arm; RIB vs PBO arm) were neutropenia (<40 yrs: 47% vs 5%; ≥40 yrs: 58% vs 3%), leukopenia (<40 yrs: 18% vs 2%; ≥40 yrs: 14% vs 1%), diarrhea (<40 yrs: 5% vs 0; ≥40 yrs: 1% vs 0), and increased alanine aminotransferase (<40 yrs: 4% vs 2%; ≥40 yrs: 5% vs 1%); neutropenia was the only Grade 4 AE occurring in ≥5% of pts in either arm (<40 yrs: 15% vs 0; ≥40 yrs: 8% vs 1%). New post-baseline QTcF >480 ms (RIB vs PBO arm) occurred in 3% vs 2% of pts aged <40 yrs and 7% vs 1% of pts aged ≥40 yrs.
Conclusions: Consistent treatment benefit was observed with RIB + NSAI vs PBO + NSAI in premenopausal women with HR+, HER2– ABC irrespective of age. RIB + NSAI had a manageable safety profile in pts aged <40 yrs and in those aged ≥40 yrs, with a safety profile similar to that observed in the full study population.
Citation Format: Tripathy D, Campos-Gomez S, Lu Y-S, Franke F, Bardia A, Wheatley-Price P, Cruz FM, Hegg R, Cardoso F, Gaur A, Kong O, Diaz-Padilla I, Miller M, Hurvitz S. Ribociclib with a non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor and goserelin in premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: MONALEESA-7 age subgroup analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-18-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tripathy
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - S Campos-Gomez
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Y-S Lu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - F Franke
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - A Bardia
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - P Wheatley-Price
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - FM Cruz
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - R Hegg
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - F Cardoso
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - A Gaur
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - O Kong
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - I Diaz-Padilla
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - M Miller
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - S Hurvitz
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Centro Oncológico Estatal, Instituto de Seguridad Social del Estado de México y Municipios, Toluca, Mexico; National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Hospital de Caridade de Ijuí, CACON, Ijuí, Brazil; Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Instituto Brasileiro de Controle do Câncer, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Pérola Byington, São Paulo, Brazil; Breast Unit, Champalimaud Clinical Center, Champalimaud Foundation, Lisbon, Portugal; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA
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Yardley DA, Chan A, Nusch A, Sonke GS, Yap YS, Bachelot T, Esteva FJ, Slamon DJ, Burris HA, Gaur A, Kong O, Diaz-Padilla I, Rodriguez Lorenc K, Wheatley-Price P. Abstract P6-18-07: Ribociclib + endocrine therapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer presenting with visceral metastases: Subgroup analysis of phase III MONALEESA trials. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p6-18-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Patients (pts) with advanced breast cancer (ABC) who present with visceral metastases (mets) have a poorer prognosis vs pts with non-visceral disease. In the Phase III MONALEESA (ML) trials, ribociclib (RIB) + endocrine therapy (ET) prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) vs placebo (PBO) + ET in hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-negative (HER2–) ABC. Here we show data for pts with and without visceral mets from the ML-2, -3, and -7 trials.
Methods: Data were collated from 3 trials in HR+, HER2– ABC: in ML-2 (NCT01958021; data cutoff [DCO] Jan 2/4, 2017), postmenopausal pts (no prior ET for ABC) received RIB or PBO + letrozole; in ML-3 (NCT02422615; DCO Nov 3, 2017), postmenopausal pts (no prior ET for ABC subgroup only) received RIB or PBO + fulvestrant; in ML-7 (NCT02278120; DCO Aug 20, 2017), premenopausal pts (no prior ET and ≤1 chemotherapy for ABC) received RIB or PBO + goserelin + anastrozole/letrozole. Endpoints; primary: local PFS; secondary: overall response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (CBR), safety.
Results: Of all 820 pts treated with RIB + ET, 484 (59%) had visceral mets (ML-2 197/334; ML-3 137/238; ML-7 150/248); of all 710 pts treated with PBO + ET, 416 (59%) had visceral mets (ML-2 196/334; ML-3 77/129; ML-7 143/247). Median PFS was prolonged for RIB vs PBO in pts with and without visceral mets (Table). ORR and CBR were also higher for RIB vs PBO in pts with and without visceral mets. The most common (≥10% of pts in any arm) Grade [G] 3 and 4 adverse events (AEs) for each trial are shown in the table; no G4 AEs occurred in ≥10% of pts in ML-3.
Visceral metsNo visceral metsML-2 Median PFS (RIB/PBO), months (95% CI)24.9 (22.2–30.9)/13.4 (12.7–16.5)25.3 (22.2–NR)/18.2 (15.0–24.6)Hazard ratio (95% CI)0.538 (0.408–0.709)0.634 (0.448–0.897) ORR (RIB/PBO),* %48/3735/17 CBR (RIB/PBO),† %79/7282/75 Most common (≥10% in any arm) G3 AEs (RIB/PBO), %Neutropenia56/147/1Leukopenia19/121/<1Hypertension11/1115/15 Most common (≥10% in any arm) G4 AEs (RIB/PBO), %Neutropenia10/09/0 ML-3 Median PFS (RIB/PBO), months (95% CI)NR (19.1–NR)/16.5 (9.0–NR)NR (NR–NR)/21.9 (14.8–NR)Hazard ratio (95% CI)0.610 (0.403–0.926)0.521 (0.295–0.921) ORR (RIB/PBO),* %46/2931/21 CBR (RIB/PBO),† %74/6075/81 Most common (≥10% in any arm) G3 AEs (RIB/PBO), %Neutropenia50/045/0Leukopenia12/010/0Increased ALT6/012/0 ML-7 Median PFS (RIB/PBO), months (95% CI)23.8 (14.8–NR)/10.4 (7.2–12.9)27.5 (NR–NR)/19.3 (16.5–NR)Hazard ratio (95% CI)0.507 (0.367–0.700)0.609 (0.377–0.984) ORR (RIB/PBO),* %45/3630/19 CBR (RIB/PBO),† %79/5783/81 Most common (≥10% in any arm) G3 AEs (RIB/PBO), %Neutropenia54/356/4Leukopenia14/116/1 Most common (≥10% in any arm) G4 AEs (RIB/PBO), %Neutropenia11/<19/0CI, confidence interval; NR, not reached. *ORR = complete response + partial response; †CBR = complete response + partial response + (stable disease + non-complete response/non-progressive disease ≥24 weeks).
Conclusions: Although the presence of visceral mets is associated with a poorer prognosis, RIB + ET is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for pts with HR+, HER2– ABC irrespective of the presence of visceral mets.
Citation Format: Yardley DA, Chan A, Nusch A, Sonke GS, Yap Y-S, Bachelot T, Esteva FJ, Slamon DJ, Burris HA, Gaur A, Kong O, Diaz-Padilla I, Rodriguez Lorenc K, Wheatley-Price P. Ribociclib + endocrine therapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer presenting with visceral metastases: Subgroup analysis of phase III MONALEESA trials [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-18-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- DA Yardley
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A Chan
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A Nusch
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - GS Sonke
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Y-S Yap
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - T Bachelot
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - FJ Esteva
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - DJ Slamon
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - HA Burris
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A Gaur
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - O Kong
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - I Diaz-Padilla
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - K Rodriguez Lorenc
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - P Wheatley-Price
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute and Tennessee Oncology PLLC, Nashville, TN; Breast Cancer Research Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia; Practice for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Velbert, Germany; Netherlands Cancer Institute and BOOG Study Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands; National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; NYU Langone Health, New York, NY; UCLA Medical Center, Santa Monica, CA; Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, TN; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ; Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland; University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Dakic A, DiVito K, Fang S, Suprynowicz F, Gaur A, Li X, Palechor-Ceron N, Simic V, Choudhury S, Yu S, Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Rosenthal D, Schlegel R, Liu X. ROCK inhibitor reduces Myc-induced apoptosis and mediates immortalization of human keratinocytes. Oncotarget 2018; 7:66740-66753. [PMID: 27556514 PMCID: PMC5341834 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Myc/Max/Mad network plays a critical role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis and c-Myc is overexpressed in many cancers, including HPV-positive cervical cancer cell lines. Despite the tolerance of cervical cancer keratinocytes to high Myc expression, we found that the solitary transduction of the Myc gene into primary cervical and foreskin keratinocytes induced rapid cell death. These findings suggested that the anti-apoptotic activity of E7 in cervical cancer cells might be responsible for negating the apoptotic activity of over-expressed Myc. Indeed, our earlier in vitro studies demonstrated that Myc and E7 synergize in the immortalization of keratinocytes. Since we previously postulated that E7 and the ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, were members of the same functional pathway in cell immortalization, we tested whether Y-27632 would inhibit apoptosis induced by the over-expression of Myc. Our findings indicate that Y-27632 rapidly inhibited Myc-induced membrane blebbing and cellular apoptosis and, more generally, functioned as an inhibitor of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of cell death. Most important, Y-27632 cooperated with Myc to immortalize keratinocytes efficiently, indicating that apoptosis is a major barrier to Myc-induced immortalization of keratinocytes. The anti-apoptotic activity of Y-27632 correlated with a reduction in p53 serine 15 phosphorylation and the consequent reduction in the expression of downstream target genes p21 and DAPK1, two genes involved in the induction of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Dakic
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Kyle DiVito
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Shuang Fang
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Frank Suprynowicz
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Nancy Palechor-Ceron
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Vera Simic
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Sujata Choudhury
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Songtao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Cynthia M Simbulan-Rosenthal
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Dean Rosenthal
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Richard Schlegel
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Xuefeng Liu
- Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.,Center for Cell Reprogramming, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA
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16
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Gaur A, Nitin Nair N, Shrivastava B, Das B, Chakrabortty M, Jha S, Bhattacharyya D. Study of distorted octahedral structure in 3d transition metal complexes using XAFS. Chem Phys Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Dakshanamurthy S, Gaur A, Chen YS, Fang HB, Abdussamad M, Zhou H, Zapas J, Calvert V, Petricoin EF, Atkins MB, Byers SW, Rosenthal DS. The repurposed anthelmintic mebendazole in combination with trametinib suppresses refractory NRASQ61K melanoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12576-12595. [PMID: 28157711 PMCID: PMC5355037 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Structure-based drug repositioning in addition to random chemical screening is now a viable route to rapid drug development. Proteochemometric computational methods coupled with kinase assays showed that mebendazole (MBZ) binds and inhibits kinases important in cancer, especially both BRAFWT and BRAFV600E. We find that MBZ synergizes with the MEK inhibitor trametinib to inhibit growth of BRAFWT-NRASQ61K melanoma cells in culture and in xenografts, and markedly decreased MEK and ERK phosphorylation. Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) and immunoblot analyses show that both trametinib and MBZ inhibit the MAPK pathway, and cluster analysis revealed a protein cluster showing strong MBZ+trametinib - inhibited phosphorylation of MEK and ERK within 10 minutes, and its direct and indirect downstream targets related to stress response and translation, including ElK1 and RSKs within 30 minutes. Downstream ERK targets for cell cycle, including cMYC, were down-regulated, consistent with S- phase suppression by MBZ+trametinib, while apoptosis markers, including cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP and a sub-G1 population, were all increased with time. These data suggest that MBZ, a well-tolerated off-patent approved drug, should be considered as a therapeutic option in combination with trametinib, for patients with NRASQ61mut or other non-V600E BRAF mutant melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M Simbulan-Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - You-Shin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Hong-Bin Fang
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Hengbo Zhou
- MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Zapas
- MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valerie Calvert
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Emanuel F Petricoin
- Center for Applied Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, USA
| | - Michael B Atkins
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stephen W Byers
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.,Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dean S Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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18
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Sood I, Gupta K, Sharma AK, Gaur A, Pathania V, Thakur VBS. Assessment of knowledge and awareness among medical doctors toward emergency management of dental trauma in State of Himachal Pradesh: A survey. Indian J Dent Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/ijds.ijds_72_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Gaur A, Klysubun W, Soni B, Shrivastava B, Prasad J, Srivastava K. Identification of different coordination geometries by XAFS in copper(II) complexes with trimesic acid. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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AbdusSamad M, Gaur A, Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, McCarron EC, Rosenthal DS. Abstract 2501: Combination therapy with mebendazole, trametinib and metformin eliminates recalcitrant NRASQ61K melanoma cells. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-2501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive and lethal form of cancer with increasing incidence worldwide. In recent years, the FDA approved several promising treatments for malignant melanoma. However, treatment often fails due to the survival and regrowth of drug-resistant cells. Studies by our lab and others suggest that Melanoma Initiating Cells (MIC), a CD133+ population that forms xenograft tumors, may represent an intermediate stage in the acquisition of stable drug resistance. This study aims to determine the effect of CD133-expression and drug resistance in metastatic melanoma cells harboring difficult-to-treat mutation signatures by focusing on the two main downstream cascades of MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Our results show that triple combination therapy using mebendazole (repurposed anthelmintic BRAF inhibitor), trametinib (MEK inhibitor) and metformin (repurposed anti-diabetic mTOR inhibitor) synergistically reduces cell viability of NRASQ61K melanoma cells when compared with mebendazole, trametinib or metformin alone. Further, the surviving fraction from each monotherapy is highly enriched for CD133+ cells. Thus, the multi-kinase inhibitor trametinib, along with repurposed anthelmintic and anti-diabetic drugs may inhibit MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways, which could potentially be an effective therapy for the resistant subpopulation of melanoma initiating cells.
Citation Format: Maryam AbdusSamad, Anirudh Gaur, Cynthia M. Simbulan-Rosenthal, Edward C. McCarron, Dean S. Rosenthal. Combination therapy with mebendazole, trametinib and metformin eliminates recalcitrant NRASQ61K melanoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2501.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam AbdusSamad
- 1Division of Surgical Oncology, The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Cancer Institute, MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Cynthia M. Simbulan-Rosenthal
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Edward C. McCarron
- 1Division of Surgical Oncology, The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Cancer Institute, MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Dean S. Rosenthal
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
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Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Dakshanamurthy S, Gaur A, Chen YS, Shimizu R, AbdusSumad M, Zhou H, Zapas J, Calvert V, Petricoin EF, Atkins MB, Byers SW, Rosenthal DS. Abstract 3860: The repurposed anthelmintic mebendazole in combination with trametinib suppresses refractory NRASQ61K melanoma. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Structure-based drug repositioning in addition to random chemical screening is now a viable route to rapid drug development. Proteochemometric computational methods coupled with kinase assays showed that MBZ binds and inhibits kinases important in cancer, especially both BRAFWT and BRAFV600E. We find that MBZ synergizes with the MEK inhibitor trametinib to inhibit growth of dabrafenib-resistant BRAFWT-NRASQ61K melanoma cells in culture and in xenografts, and markedly decreased MEK and ERK phosphorylation in vivo. RPPA and immunoblot analyses show that both trametinib and MBZ inhibit the MAPK pathway, and cluster analysis revealed a protein cluster showing strong MBZ+trametinib - inhibited phosphorylation of MEK and ERK within 10 minutes, and its direct and indirect downstream targets related to stress response and translation, including ElK1 and RSKs within 30 minutes. Downstream ERK targets for cell cycle, including cMYC, were downregulated, consistent with S phase suppression by MBZ+trametinib, while apoptosis markers, including cleaved caspase-3, cleaved PARP and a sub-G1 population, were all increased with time. These data suggest that MBZ, an off-patent approved drug with no major side effects, should be considered as a therapeutic option in combination with trametinib, for patients with NRASQ61mut or other non-V600E BRAF mutant melanomas.
Citation Format: Cynthia M. Simbulan-Rosenthal, Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy, Anirudh Gaur, You-Shin Chen, Rena Shimizu, Maryam AbdusSumad, Hengbo Zhou, John Zapas, Valerie Calvert, Emaneul F. Petricoin, Michael B. Atkins, Stephen W. Byers, Dean S. Rosenthal. The repurposed anthelmintic mebendazole in combination with trametinib suppresses refractory NRASQ61K melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3860.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anirudh Gaur
- 1Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - You-Shin Chen
- 1Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | - Rena Shimizu
- 1Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC
| | | | | | - John Zapas
- 3Surgical Specialists; Monocacy Health Partners, Frederick, MD
| | - Valerie Calvert
- 4George Mason University, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Research, Manassas, VA
| | - Emaneul F. Petricoin
- 4George Mason University, Institute for Advanced Biomedical Research, Manassas, VA
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Gaur A, Klysubun W, Joshi SK, Soni B, Shrivastava BD, Prasad J, Srivastava K. XAFS study of copper(II) diethylenetriamine complexes having different coordination geometries. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/712/1/012084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Daga V, Narayanan MK, Dedhia JD, Gaur P, Crick H, Gaur A. Cadaveric feasibility study on the use of ultrasound contrast to assess spread of injectate in the serratus anterior muscle plane. Saudi J Anaesth 2016; 10:198-201. [PMID: 27051373 PMCID: PMC4799614 DOI: 10.4103/1658-354x.168825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Serratus anterior muscle plane (SAP) block has recently been described for the purpose of perioperative pain management following cases of trauma and breast surgery. It might prove a safer alternative to the other regional thoracic paravertebral and central neuraxial blockade techniques. There are no descriptive cadaveric studies in the pre-existing literature to delineate the anatomical plane for this novel technique. The main objectives for our study were to examine the location of the Serratus anterior muscle belly, assess the efficacy of achieving adequate delineation of the muscle plane utilising ultrasound imaging with agitated water as the contrast agent, and finally, to observe the extent of the cepahlo-caudal spread of the injectate in the SAP. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven cadavers were studied. 20 mls of saline was injected into posterior axillary line (PAL) at the level of the 4-5(th) rib under ultrasound guidance. This was followed by injection of 10 mls of water with air (8 mls water and 2 mls of air). The presence of hyperechoic air bubbles in the fluid distended SAP (hypoechoic) area demonstrated the spread of water and air. RESULTS In 36% of cadavers, fully formed Serratus Anterior muscle belly was identified at the midaxillary line (MAL), 14% in PAL, and remaining 50% between PAL and MAL. The lower most limit of air-water spread was identified at the subcostal margin. Cephalad spread of contrast was noted in 2(nd) intercostal space ICS (7%), 3(rd) ICS (71%), and 4(th) ICS (22%). CONCLUSION This study describes that the serratus anterior muscle is well-formed near the PAL and the injectate spread can be determined with the help of agitated water contrast on ultrasound. Furthermore, there was variability in the cephalad spread of the injectate.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Daga
- Specialist Registrar Anaesthetics, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - M K Narayanan
- Consultant Anaesthetics, Frimley Park Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Frimley, Surrey, UK
| | - J D Dedhia
- Consultant Anaesthetics, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Lincoln, UK
| | - P Gaur
- Medical student, University College London, London, UK
| | - H Crick
- Medical and Social Care Education, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - A Gaur
- Consultant Anaesthetics, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
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AbdusSamad M, Gaur A, Zhou H, Zapas JL, Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, McCarron EC, Rosenthal DS. Abstract 4224: CD133 knockdown sensitizes melanoma to kinase inhibitors. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-4224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive and lethal form of cancer, responsible for 9,710 deaths in the US every year, as indicated by the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. Although early stages are surgically treatable, the advanced or metastatic stages are the most fatal, presumably due to resistance to chemotherapy, radiation or other therapies. Refractoriness of metastatic melanoma is due to self-renewal properties of a subpopulation of resistant cells, which may be the same as what have been termed “melanoma initiating cells” (MIC), many of which have been associated with the expression CD133. CD133 (PROM-1) is a 5-transmembrane-glycoprotein that is a cell surface marker for different cancers including late-stage cutaneous melanoma. By magnetic activated cell sorting, we isolated a CD133-positive population derived from a patient harboring a difficult-to-treat NRASQ61R/BRAFWT profile. The MIC were transfected with CD133-specific small-interfering RNA (siRNAs) to deplete CD133 protein levels in cells. Our results show that knocking down CD133 in NRASQ61R/BRAFWT mutant melanoma renders cells more sensitive to clinically employed-MEK/BRAF inhibitors. Thus, specific gene knockdown or small molecule targeting, along with the multikinase inhibitors, may be a high potency therapeutic of late-stage and recurrent melanoma. Analyses of patient-derived melanomas harboring different mutation signatures are currently in progress to determine if CD133 and MIC play broader roles in melanoma chemoresistance.
Citation Format: Maryam AbdusSamad, Anirudh Gaur, Hengbo Zhou, John L. Zapas, Cynthia M. Simbulan-Rosenthal, Edward C. McCarron, Dean S. Rosenthal. CD133 knockdown sensitizes melanoma to kinase inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4224. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4224
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam AbdusSamad
- 1Division of Surgical Oncology, The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Cancer Institute, MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Hengbo Zhou
- 1Division of Surgical Oncology, The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Cancer Institute, MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - John L. Zapas
- 1Division of Surgical Oncology, The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Cancer Institute, MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Edward C. McCarron
- 1Division of Surgical Oncology, The Harry and Jeanette Weinberg Cancer Institute, MedStar Franklin Square Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Dean S. Rosenthal
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
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Simbulan-Rosenthal CM, Gaur A, Sanabria VA, Dussan LJ, Saxena R, Schmidt J, Kitani T, Chen YS, Rahim S, Uren A, Crooke E, Rosenthal DS. Inorganic polyphosphates are important for cell survival and motility of human skin keratinocytes. Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:636-9. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - Virginia A. Sanabria
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - Lucia J. Dussan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - Rahul Saxena
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - Jozef Schmidt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - Takashi Kitani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - You-shin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - Said Rahim
- Department of Oncology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - Aykut Uren
- Department of Oncology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - Elliott Crooke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
| | - Dean S. Rosenthal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center; Georgetown University; School of Medicine; Washington DC USA
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Abstract
Gitelman's syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hypokalemia, hypomagnesaemia, hypocalciuria, hyperreninemia and without hypertension. Gitelman's syndrome is caused by mutations of the SLC12A3 gene, which encodes the Na/Cl co-transporter (NCCT) in the distal convoluted tubule. Majority of cases manifest during adolescence or adulthood and growth retardation is not the common feature. We report a rare presentation of Gitelman's syndrome in a four-year-old boy with growth retardation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gaur
- Department of Pediatrics, Gajraraja Medical College and Kamla Raja Hospital, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - R Ambey
- Department of Pediatrics, Gajraraja Medical College and Kamla Raja Hospital, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - B K Gaur
- Department of Pediatrics, Gajraraja Medical College and Kamla Raja Hospital, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Ghosh AN, Bhatta DR, Ansari MT, Tiwari HK, Mathuria JP, Gaur A, Supram HS, Gokhale S. Application of WHONET in the Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance of Uropathogens: A First User Experience from Nepal. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7:845-8. [PMID: 23814725 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2013/5193.2955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION WHONET is a freely downloadable, Windows-based database software which is used for the management and analysis of microbiology data, with a special focus on the analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility test results. Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) are a common medical problem and they are responsible for notable morbidity among young and sexually active women. OBJECTIVES The major objective of this study was the utilization and application of the WHONET program for the Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) surveillance of uropathogens. METHODS A total of 3209 urine samples were collected from patients who visited Manipal Teaching Hospital with a clinical suspicion of UTI, during December 2010 to July 2011. The isolation and characterization of the isolates were done by conventional methods. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) was performed by Kirby Bauer's disc diffusion method. The data entry and analysis were done by using the WHONET 5.6 software. RESULTS Out of the 3209 specimens, 497 bacterial isolates were obtained and they were subjected to AST. Escherichia coli (66.2%) was the commonest bacterial isolate, followed by Enterococcus species (9.3%), Staphylococcus aureus (5.0%), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (4.2%). Among the gram-negative enteric bacilli, a high prevalence of resistance was observed against ampicillin and ciprofloxacin. The gram negative nonfermenters exhibited a high degree of resistance to ceftazidime. Staphylococcus species. showed a moderately high resistance to co-trimoxazole. One isolate was Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE). CONCLUSION This study, a first of its kind which was done in Nepal, was carried out by using the WHONET software to monitor, analyze and share the antimicrobial susceptibility data at various levels. This study was also aimed at building a surveillance network in Nepal, with the National Public Health Laboratory, Nepal, acting as a nodal centre. This would help in the formulation of antibiotic policies and in identifying hospital and community outbreaks at the nodal centre, as well as in sharing information with the clinicians at the local level.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Sciences (GAIMS), G K General Hospital , Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India - 370001
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Bhattacharjee A, Sen MR, Prakash P, Gaur A, Anupurba S, Nath G. Observation on integron carriage among clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. Indian J Med Microbiol 2010; 28:207-10. [PMID: 20644307 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.66472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Klebsiella pneumoniae is considered an important pathogen causing nosocomial and community-acquired infections and is often associated with the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) belonging to SHV and CTX-M families, which are frequently described as a part of complex integrons, facilitate their horizontal transfer to other related as well as unrelated microbes. The present study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence and characterization of integrons among K pneumoniae isolates producing ESBL in a tertiary referral hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 136 clinical isolates of K pneumoniae were investigated for the presence of ESBL. Their ESBL genes were characterized by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Integrase gene PCR was performed to detect the presence of integron. The isolates were further typed by random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD). RESULT Out of 136 K pneumoniae isolates, 63 (46%) were confirmed to be ESBL producers. SHV (68%) and CTX-M (67%) ESBL genes were the most common in our study. Of the 63 ESBL-positive isolates, 58 (92%) strains carried integrons; 52 strains (82%) carried only class 1 integron, whereas 6 (9%) isolates harboured both class 2 integrons and the class 1 gene. However, in ESBL negatives, only 29 (40%) strains were positive for class 1 integron and none for class 2 integron. CONCLUSION The presence of class 2 integron amongst ESBL-producing K pneumoniae is being described for the first time in this part of the world. The findings of this study strongly suggest that integrons have a role in the dissemination of ESBL-mediated resistance among the nosocomial isolates of K pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bhattacharjee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
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Gaur A, Pujahari AK. Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Med J Armed Forces India 2010; 66:228-30. [PMID: 27408307 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(10)80043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Accepted: 01/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic prophylaxis is routinely administered in laparoscopic cholecystetomy but its role is debatable. METHODS From January 2004 to August 2008, 417 patients were randomized into 208 in antibiotic group (AG) and 209 in non antibiotic group (NAG). AG received one dose each of injection ciprofloxacin (200 mg) and metronidazole (500mg) preoperatively. NAG was given only intravenous fluids. Besides routine care, all underwent abdominal sonography and liver function tests at least once during the 30 postoperative days. RESULT Age, sex and co-morbidity distribution were similar in both the groups. One patient who was on weekly 5mg methotraxate (NAG) had erythema around umbilical port. Other three having umbilical discharge recovered without antibiotics. Nine patients had subhepatic collection (5 AG and 4 NAG). One from NAG underwent re-laparoscopy and drainage. Ten patients had fever. Two from AG had basal lung collapse and were given antibiotics. CONCLUSION Antibiotic prophylaxis is not needed for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gaur
- Resident, Command Hospital (AF), Bangalore-07
| | - A K Pujahari
- Senior Advisor (Surgery), Command Hospital (AF), Bangalore-07
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Bhattacharjee A, Sen MR, Prakash P, Gaur A, Anupurba S. Increased prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase producers in neonatal septicaemic cases at a tertiary referral hospital. Indian J Med Microbiol 2009; 26:356-60. [PMID: 18974490 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.43578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs) producing strains of gram negative bacteria, as one of the leading cause of septicaemia often complicates the clinical and therapeutic outcome. The present study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of ESBLs in bacteria isolated from neonatal septicaemic cases along with their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. Blood samples were collected from 243 suspected cases of neonatal septicaemia. Apart from susceptibility testing, all the gram negative isolates were subjected to phenotypic tests for ESBL production. Amongst the positive test samples (n = 115), 84 were gram negative rods. ESBL was detected in 26 (32%) isolates. Results indicate that routine ESBL detection should be made imperative and empirical use of third generation cephalosporins must be discouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bhattacharjee
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India.
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Bhattacharjee A, Sen MR, Prakash P, Gaur A, Anupurba S. INCREASED PREVALENCE OF EXTENDED SPECTRUM βLACTAMASE PRODUCERS IN NEONATAL SEPTICAEMIC CASES AT A TERTIARY REFERRAL HOSPITAL. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)01814-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kaur J, Gaur A, Lin E, Dias JJ, Ahmed A, Jones MJ. 562. Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block in Lateral Position - Gaur Approach. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2008. [DOI: 10.1136/rapm-00115550-200809001-00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Gaur A, Garg A, Prakash P, Anupurba S, Mohapatra TM. Observations on carbapenem resistance by minimum inhibitory concentration in nosocomial isolates of Acinetobacter species: an experience at a tertiary care hospital in North India. J Health Popul Nutr 2008; 26:183-188. [PMID: 18686551 PMCID: PMC2740671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter species are emerging as an important nosocomial pathogen. Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. has limited the option for effective treatment. Although carbapenems are effective for the treatment of such infections, resistance to this drug has recently been reported. This study was undertaken to assess resistance to carbapenem in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. from hospitalized patients by both disc-diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. All clinical samples from suspected cases of nosocomial infections were processed, and 265 isolates were identified as Acinetobacter species. These isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance by the disc-diffusion method with 14 antimicrobials, including meropenem and imipenem. Thereafter, all Acinetobacter species were subjected to MIC for meropenem. More than 80% resistance to second- and third-generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and quinolones was recorded. Thirty percent of the strains were resistant to cefoperazone/sulbactam. Resistance to meropenem was observed in 6.4% of Acinetobacter spp. while 8.3% of the isolates showed intermediate resistance detected by MIC. All carbapenem-resistant/intermediate strains were also resistant to other (>10) antibiotics tested by the disc-diffusion method. The rising trend of resistance to carbapenem poses an alarming threat to the treatment for such infections. Regular monitoring, judicious prescription, and early detection of resistance to carbapenem are necessary to check further dissemination of drug resistance in Acinetobacter spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gaur
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (UP) 221 005, India
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Bhattacharjee A, Anupurba S, Gaur A, Sen MR. Prevalence of inducible AmpC beta-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a tertiary care hospital in northern India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008; 26:89-90. [PMID: 18227612 DOI: 10.4103/0255-0857.38872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Bhattacharjee A, Anupurba S, Gaur A, Sen MR. Prevalence of Inducible AmpC β-lactamase-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0255-0857(21)02006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, U.P. Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Veterinary Science University, Mathura, India
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Kulwal PL, Kumar N, Gaur A, Khurana P, Khurana JP, Tyagi AK, Balyan HS, Gupta PK. Mapping of a major QTL for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance on chromosome 3A in bread wheat. Theor Appl Genet 2005; 111:1052-9. [PMID: 16133317 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-005-0021-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2005] [Accepted: 06/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was conducted for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (PHST) in bread wheat for a solitary chromosome 3A, which was shown to be important for this trait in earlier studies. An inter-varietal mapping population in the form of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a cross between SPR8198 (a PHS tolerant genotype) and HD2329 (a PHS susceptible cultivar) was used for this purpose. The parents and the RIL population were grown in six different environments and the data on PHS were collected in each case. A framework linkage map of chromosome 3A with 13 markers was prepared and used for QTL analysis. A major QTL (QPhs.ccsu-3A.1) was detected on 3AL at a genetic distance of approximately 183 cM from centromere, the length of the map being 279.1 cM. The QTL explained 24.68% to 35.21% variation in individual environments and 78.03% of the variation across the environments (pooled data). The results of the present study are significant on two counts. Firstly, the detected QTL is a major QTL, explaining up to 78.03% of the variation and, secondly, the QTL showed up in all the six environments and also with the pooled data, which is rather rare in QTL analysis. The positive additive effects in the present study suggest that a superior allele of the QTL is available in the superior parent (SPR8198), which can be used for marker-aided selection for the transfer of this QTL allele to obtain PHS-tolerant progeny. It has also been shown that the red-coloured grain of PHS tolerant parent is not associated with the QTL for PHST identified during the present study, suggesting that PHS tolerant white-grained cultivars can be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Kulwal
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Ch. Charan Singh University, Meerut, UP 250004, India
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Tripathi G, Gaur A, Sharma BM. Temperature related seasonal changes in Golgi complex of brain, heart and intestine of a teleost. J Environ Biol 2005; 26:265-8. [PMID: 16161983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Impact of temperature related seasonal changes in density of Golgi complex were studied in brain, heart and intestine of the freshwater catfish, Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus). The density of Golgi complex was more in these organs of the fish acclimatized to a lower temperature (20 degrees C) than that to a higher temperature (29 degrees C). This suggests that lower temperature induces secretory activity in cells to cope up with the changes in surrounding environment. It could be a kind of histophysiological adaptation in poikilothermic animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Tripathi
- Department of Zoology, J.N.Vyas University, Jodhpur 342 001, India.
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Gaur A, Saini SPS, Garg SK, Chaudhary RK, Srivastava AK. Pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin after a single intravenous bolus dose in neonatal calves. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2004; 27:115-7. [PMID: 15096110 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2004.00493.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Gaur
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Veterinary Science University, Mathura 281-001, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gaur A, Singh A, Arunabala V, Umapathy G, Shailaja K, Singh L. Development and characterization of 10 novel microsatellite markers from Chital deer (Cervus axis) and their cross-amplification in other related species. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-8286.2003.00528.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Singh A, Shailaja K, Gaur A, Singh L. Development and characterization of novel microsatellite markers in the Asiatic lion (Panthera leo persica). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1046/j.1471-8286.2002.00306.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gaur A, Zajdel RW, Bhatia R, Isitmangil G, Denz CR, Robertson DR, Lemanski LF, Dube DK. Expression of HoxA5 in the heart is upregulated during thyroxin-induced metamorphosis of the Mexican axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum). Cardiovasc Toxicol 2002; 1:225-35. [PMID: 12213975 DOI: 10.1385/ct:1:3:225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Widespread external and internal changes in body morphology have long been known to be hallmarks of the process of metamorphosis. However, more subtle changes, particularly at the molecular level, are only now beginning to be understood. A number of transcription factors have recently been shown to alter expression either in levels of message or in isoforms expressed. In this article, we describe a dramatic increase in the expression of the homeobox gene HoxA5 in the heart and aorta of the Mexican axolotl Ambystoma mexicanum during the process of thyroxin-induced metamorphosis. Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-HoxA5 antibody in thyroxin-induced metamorphosing animals showed a pattern of expression of HoxA5 comparable to that in spontaneously metamorphosing animals. Further, by in situ hybridization, we were able to show significant qualitative differences in the expression of this gene within the heart. Maximum HoxA5 expression occurred at the midpoint of metamorphosis in the myocardium, whereas the hearts of completely metamorphosed animals had the highest levels of expression in the epicardium and endocardium. In the aorta, smooth-muscle cells of the tunica media as well as cells of the tunica adventitia had an increase in expression of HoxA5 with thyroxin-induced metamorphosis. HoxA5 expression significantly changed in cells of the aorta and ventricle with treatment by thyroid hormone. HoxA5, a positive regulator of p53, may be involved with the apoptotic pathway in heart remodeling during amphibian metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gaur
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX 77843-1112, USA
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Singh PK, Agarwal A, Gaur A, Deepali DA, Pandey CK, Singh U. Increasing tidal volumes and PEEP is an effective method of alveolar recruitment. Can J Anaesth 2002; 49:755. [PMID: 12193499 DOI: 10.1007/bf03017458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Agarwal A, Bose N, Gaur A, Sikora SS, Pandey CK. Bronchobiliary fistula: an anaesthetic point of view. J Assoc Physicians India 2002; 50:971-3. [PMID: 12126359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Bronchobiliary fistula is defined as the passage of bile in the bronchi and in the sputum (bilioptysis). This rare disorder is associated with significant morbidity. Authors review the anaesthetic management of bronchobiliary fistula and recommend the use of double lumen endotracheal tube even in cases with a closed/sealed bronchobiliary fistula.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Agarwal
- Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow
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Pandey CK, Singh N, Kumar V, Agarwal A, Baronia AK, Gaur A, Singh PK, Singh S. Hepatorenal syndrome: pathophysiology and treatment. J Assoc Physicians India 2002; 50:819-25. [PMID: 12240852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a unique form of acute renal failure with entirely normal renal histology in advanced liver disease. Its diagnosis is made by exclusion of all causes of renal failure and by all the five major criteria as set by the International Ascites Club. The presence of hepatomegaly, poor nutritional status, and oesophageal varices at endoscopy are associated with a high risk of HRS. The liver tests, the Child-Pugh score, are of no value in prediction of its occurrence. Contraction of the effective blood volume, which may lead to renal hypoperfusion with preferential renal cortical ischaemia, is proposed pathogenesis of the condition. Because understanding of the pathogenesis of HRS is incomplete, therapy is supportive only. Optimal fluid management is vital as there is almost invariably a reduction in effective arterial blood volume. Dopamine, frusemide and haemofiltration may be helpful in management of fluid overload but do not affect renal function. TIPS has been used successfully in small series of patients. The vasopressin analog also has been used with early excellent response. The treatment of HRS has been discouraging and the only proven cure for HRS is liver transplantation at this point of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Pandey
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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