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Luengo-Alonso G, Bravo-Gimenez B, Lozano D, Heras C, Sanchez-Salcedo S, Benito-Garzón L, Abella M, Vallet-Regi M, Cecilia-Lopez D, Salinas AJ. Osteogenic Potential of a Biomaterial Enriched with Osteostatin and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Osteoporotic Rabbits. Biomolecules 2024; 14:143. [PMID: 38397380 PMCID: PMC10887093 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) of the SiO2-CaO-P2O5 system are biocompatible materials with a quick and effective in vitro and in vivo bioactive response. MBGs can be enhanced by including therapeutically active ions in their composition, by hosting osteogenic molecules within their mesopores, or by decorating their surfaces with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In previous studies, our group showed that MBGs, ZnO-enriched and loaded with the osteogenic peptide osteostatin (OST), and MSCs exhibited osteogenic features under in vitro conditions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate bone repair capability after large bone defect treatment in distal femur osteoporotic rabbits using MBGs (76%SiO2-15%CaO-5%P2O5-4%ZnO (mol-%)) before and after loading with OST and MSCs from a donor rabbit. MSCs presence and/or OST in scaffolds significantly improved bone repair capacity at 6 and 12 weeks, as confirmed by variations observed in trabecular and cortical bone parameters obtained by micro-CT as well as histological analysis results. A greater effect was observed when OST and MSCs were combined. These findings may indicate the great potential for treating critical bone defects by combining MBGs with MSCs and osteogenic peptides such as OST, with good prospects for translation to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Luengo-Alonso
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Service, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre & Imas12, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Bravo-Gimenez
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre & Imas12, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense & Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.); (C.H.); (S.S.-S.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Heras
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense & Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.); (C.H.); (S.S.-S.); (M.V.-R.)
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Salcedo
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense & Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.); (C.H.); (S.S.-S.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Benito-Garzón
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Monica Abella
- Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, 28911 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Vallet-Regi
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense & Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.); (C.H.); (S.S.-S.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Cecilia-Lopez
- Orthopedics and Traumatology Service, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre & Imas12, 28041 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Antonio J. Salinas
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense & Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.); (C.H.); (S.S.-S.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials, Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Arias-Rodríguez LI, Pablos JL, Vallet-Regí M, Rodríguez-Mendiola MA, Arias-Castro C, Sánchez-Salcedo S, Salinas AJ. Enhancing Osteoblastic Cell Cultures with Gelatin Methacryloyl, Bovine Lactoferrin, and Bioactive Mesoporous Glass Scaffolds Loaded with Distinct Parsley Extracts. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1764. [PMID: 38136635 PMCID: PMC10741674 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing interest in innovative solutions for addressing bone defects has driven research into the use of Bioactive Mesoporous Glasses (MBGs). These materials, distinguished by their well-ordered mesoporous structure, possess the capability to accommodate plant extracts with well-established osteogenic properties, including bovine lactoferrin (bLF), as part of their 3D scaffold composition. This harmonizes seamlessly with the ongoing advancements in the field of biomedicine. In this study, we fabricated 3D scaffolds utilizing MBGs loaded with extracts from parsley leaves (PL) and embryogenic cultures (EC), rich in bioactive compounds such as apigenin and kaempferol, which hold potential benefits for bone metabolism. Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMa) served as the polymer, and bLF was included in the formulation. Cytocompatibility, Runx2 gene expression, ALP enzyme activity, and biomineralization were assessed in preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell cultures. MBGs effectively integrated PL and EC extracts with loadings between 22.6 ± 0.1 and 43.6 ± 0.3 µM for PL and 26.3 ± 0.3 and 46.8 ± 0.4 µM for EC, ensuring cell viability through a release percentage between 28.3% and 59.9%. The incorporation of bLF in the 3D scaffold formulation showed significant differences compared to the control in all assays, even at concentrations below 0.2 µM. Combinations, especially PL + bLF at 0.19 µM, demonstrated additive potential, with superior biomineralization compared to EC. In summary, this study highlights the effectiveness of MBGs in incorporating PL and EC extracts, along with bLF, into 3D scaffolds. The results underscore cytocompatibility, osteogenic activity, and biomineralization, offering exciting potential for future in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Isabel Arias-Rodríguez
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Instrumental Analysis Laboratory and Plant Biochemistry Laboratory of the National Technological Institute of Mexico Campus Tlajomulco, 10th km Tlajomulco Highway, Southern Metropolitan Circuit, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga 45640, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.I.A.-R.); (M.A.R.-M.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Jesús L. Pablos
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).12 de Octubre Hospital Research Institute, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.P.); (M.V.-R.)
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).12 de Octubre Hospital Research Institute, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.P.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Martha A. Rodríguez-Mendiola
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Instrumental Analysis Laboratory and Plant Biochemistry Laboratory of the National Technological Institute of Mexico Campus Tlajomulco, 10th km Tlajomulco Highway, Southern Metropolitan Circuit, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga 45640, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.I.A.-R.); (M.A.R.-M.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Carlos Arias-Castro
- Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Instrumental Analysis Laboratory and Plant Biochemistry Laboratory of the National Technological Institute of Mexico Campus Tlajomulco, 10th km Tlajomulco Highway, Southern Metropolitan Circuit, Tlajomulco de Zúñiga 45640, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.I.A.-R.); (M.A.R.-M.); (C.A.-C.)
| | - Sandra Sánchez-Salcedo
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).12 de Octubre Hospital Research Institute, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.P.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Salinas
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM).12 de Octubre Hospital Research Institute, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.L.P.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Sánchez-Salcedo S, Heras C, Lozano D, Vallet-Regí M, Salinas AJ. Nanodevices based on mesoporous glass nanoparticles enhanced with zinc and curcumin to fight infection and regenerate bone. Acta Biomater 2023; 166:655-669. [PMID: 37142110 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology-based approaches are emerging as promising strategies to treat different bone pathologies such as infection, osteoporosis or cancer. To this end, several types of nanoparticles are being investigated, including those based on mesoporous bioactive glasses (MGN) which exhibit exceptional structural and textural properties and whose biological behaviour can be improved by including therapeutic ions in their composition and loading them with biologically active substances. In this study, the bone regeneration capacity and antibacterial properties of MGNs in the SiO2-CaO-P2O5 system were evaluated before and after being supplemented with 2.5% or 4% ZnO and loaded with curcumin. in vitro studies with preosteoblastic cells and mesenchymal stem cells allowed determining the biocompatible MGNs concentrations range. Moreover, the bactericidal effect of MGNs with zinc and curcumin against S. aureus was demonstrated, as a significant reduction of bacterial growth was detected in both planktonic and sessile states and the degradation of a pre-formed bacterial biofilm in the presence of the nanoparticles also occurred. Finally, MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells and S. aureus were co-cultured to investigate competitive colonisation between bacteria and cells in the presence of the MGNs. Preferential colonisation and survival of osteoblasts and effective inhibition of both bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation of S. aureus in the co-culture system were detected. Our study demonstrated the synergistic antibacterial effect of zinc ions combined with curcumin and the enhancement of the bone regeneration characteristics of MGNs containing zinc and curcumin to obtain systems capable of simultaneously promoting bone regeneration and controlling infection. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In search of a new approach to regenerate bone and fight infections, a nanodevice based on mesoporous SiO2-CaO-P2O5 glass nanoparticles enriched with Zn2+ ions and loaded with curcumin was designed. This study demonstrates the synergistic effect of the simultaneous presence of zinc ions and curcumin in the nanoparticles that significantly reduces the bacterial growth in planktonic state and is capable to degrade pre-formed S. aureus biofilms whereas the nanosystem exhibits a cytocompatible behaviour in the presence of preosteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells. Based on these results, the designed nanocarrier represents a promising alternative for the treatment of acute and chronic infections in bone tissues, while avoiding the significant current problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sánchez-Salcedo
- Dpt. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de octubre, imas12; Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Clara Heras
- Dpt. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de octubre, imas12; Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Dpt. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de octubre, imas12; Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Dpt. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de octubre, imas12; Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Salinas
- Dpt. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de octubre, imas12; Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain.
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García-Lamas L, Sánchez-Salcedo S, Jiménez-Díaz V, Bravo-Giménez B, Cabañas MV, Peña J, Román J, Jiménez-Holguín J, Abella M, Desco M, Lozano D, Cecilia-López D, Salinas AJ. Desing and comparison of bone substitutes. Study of in vivo behavior in a rabbit model. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2023; 67:324-333. [PMID: 36646252 DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Compare bone formation capacity in vivo of two types of biomaterials designed as bone substitutes with respect to iliac crest autograft, one based on carbonate hydroxyapatites and the other one on bioactive mesoporous glass. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental study consisting on 14 adult female New Zeland rabbits where a critical defect was made in the rabbit radius bone. The sample was divided into four groups: defect without material, with iliac crest autograft, with carbonatehydroxyapatite support, and with bioactive mesoporous glass support. Serial X-ray studies were carried out at 2, 4, 6 and 12 weeks and a microCT study at euthanasia at 6 and 12 weeks. RESULTS In the X-ray study, autograft group showed the highest bone formation scores. Both groups of biomaterials presented bone formation similar and greater than the defect without material, but always less than in the autograft group. The results of the microCT study showed the largest bone volume in the study area in the autograft group. The groups with bone substitutes presented greater bone volume than the group without material but always less than in the autograft group. CONCLUSION Both supports seem to promote bone formation but are not capable of reproducing the characteristics of autograft. Due to their different macroscopic characteristics, each one could be suitable for a different type of defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- L García-Lamas
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España.
| | - S Sánchez-Salcedo
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - V Jiménez-Díaz
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España
| | - B Bravo-Giménez
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España
| | - M V Cabañas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España
| | - J Peña
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España
| | - J Román
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España
| | - J Jiménez-Holguín
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España
| | - M Abella
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - M Desco
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - D Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
| | - D Cecilia-López
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre; Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España
| | - A J Salinas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, España; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, España
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García-Lamas L, Sánchez-Salcedo S, Jiménez-Díaz V, Bravo-Giménez B, Cabañas MV, Peña J, Román J, Jiménez-Holguín J, Abella M, Desco M, Lozano D, Cecilia-López D, Salinas AJ. [Translated article] Design and comparison of bone substitutes. Study of in vivo behaviour in a rabbit model. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2023; 67:T324-T333. [PMID: 36940846 DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2023.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the in vivo bone formation capacity of of biomaterials designed as bone substitutes with respect to iliac crest autograft, one based on carbonate hydroxiapatite and the other one on bioactive mesoporous glass. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental study consisting on 14 adult female New Zeland rabbits where a critical defect was made in the rabbit radius bone. The sample was divided into four groups: defect without material, with iliac crest autograft, with carbonatehydroxyapatite scaffold, and with bioactive mesoporous glass scaffold. Serial X-ray studies were carried out at 2, 4, 6 and 12 weeks and a microCT study at euthanasia at 6 and 12 weeks. RESULTS In the X-ray study, autograft group showed the highest bone formation scores. Both groups of biomaterials presented bone formation similar and greater than the defect without material, but always less than in the autograft group. The results of the microCT study showed the largest bone volume in the study area in the autograft group. The groups with bone substitutes presented greater bone volume than the group without material but always less than the autograft group. CONCLUSION Both scaffolds seem to promote bone formation but are not capable of reproducing the characteristics of autograft. Due to their different macroscopic characteristics, each one could be suitable for a different type of defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- L García-Lamas
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain.
| | - S Sánchez-Salcedo
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Jiménez-Díaz
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Bravo-Giménez
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
| | - M V Cabañas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Peña
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Román
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Jiménez-Holguín
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Abella
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Desco
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - D Cecilia-López
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
| | - A J Salinas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmaceúticas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Pablos JL, Jiménez-Holguín J, Salcedo SS, Salinas AJ, Corrales T, Vallet-Regí M. New Photocrosslinked 3D Foamed Scaffolds Based on GelMA Copolymers: Potential Application in Bone Tissue Engineering. Gels 2023; 9:gels9050403. [PMID: 37232995 DOI: 10.3390/gels9050403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The production of customized polymeric hydrogels in the form of 3D scaffolds with application in bone tissue engineering is currently a topic of great interest. Based on gelatin methacryloyl (GelMa) as one of the most popular used biomaterials, GelMa with two different methacryloylation degrees (DM) was obtained, to achieve crosslinked polymer networks by photoinitiated radical polymerization. In this work, we present the obtention of new 3D foamed scaffolds based on ternary copolymers of GelMa with vinylpyrrolidone (VP) and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA). All biopolymers obtained in this work were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), whose results confirm the presence of all copolymers in the crosslinked biomaterial. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pictures were obtained verifying the presence of the porosity created by freeze-drying process. In addition, the variation in its swelling degree and its enzymatic degradation in vitro was analyzed as a function of the different copolymers obtained. This has allowed us to observe good control of the variation in these properties described above in a simple way by varying the composition of the different comonomers used. Finally, with these concepts in mind, biopolymers obtained were tested through assessment of several biological parameters such as cell viability and differentiation with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cell line. Results obtained show that these biopolymers maintain good results in terms of cell viability and differentiation, along with tunable properties in terms of hydrophilic character, mechanical properties and enzymatic degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús L Pablos
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Jiménez-Holguín
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Sánchez Salcedo
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Salinas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Corrales
- Grupo de Fotoquímica, Departamento de Química Macromolecular Aplicada, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Polímeros, C.S.I.C., Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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7
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Jiménez-Holguín J, Sánchez-Salcedo S, Cicuéndez M, Vallet-Regí M, Salinas AJ. Cu-Doped Hollow Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles for Bone Infection Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040845. [PMID: 35456679 PMCID: PMC9027665 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In search of new approaches to treat bone infection and prevent drug resistance development, a nanosystem based on hollow bioactive glass nanoparticles (HBGN) of composition 79.5SiO2-(18-x)CaO-2.5P2O5-xCuO (x = 0, 2.5 or 5 mol-% CuO) was developed. The objective of the study was to evaluate the capacity of the HBGN to be used as a nanocarrier of the broad-spectrum antibiotic danofloxacin and source of bactericidal Cu2+ ions. Core-shell nanoparticles with specific surface areas close to 800 m2/g and pore volumes around 1 cm3/g were obtained by using hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and poly(styrene)-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PS-b-PAA) as structure-directing agents. Flow cytometry studies showed the cytocompatibility of the nanoparticles in MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cell cultures. Ion release studies confirmed the release of non-cytotoxic concentrations of Cu2+ ions within the therapeutic range. Moreover, it was shown that the inclusion of copper in the system resulted in a more gradual release of danofloxacin that was extended over one week. The bactericidal activity of the nanosystem was evaluated with E. coli and S. aureus strains. Nanoparticles with copper were not able to reduce bacterial viability by themselves and Cu-free HBGN failed to reduce bacterial growth, despite releasing higher antibiotic concentrations. However, HBGN enriched with copper and danofloxacin drastically reduced bacterial growth in sessile, planktonic and biofilm states, which was attributed to a synergistic effect between the action of Cu2+ ions and danofloxacin. Therefore, the nanosystem here investigated is a promising candidate as an alternative for the local treatment of bone infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Jiménez-Holguín
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.-H.); (M.C.); (M.V.-R.)
| | - Sandra Sánchez-Salcedo
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.-H.); (M.C.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.S.-S.); (A.J.S.)
| | - Mónica Cicuéndez
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.-H.); (M.C.); (M.V.-R.)
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.-H.); (M.C.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Salinas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (J.J.-H.); (M.C.); (M.V.-R.)
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.S.-S.); (A.J.S.)
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Lozano D, Gil-Albarova J, Heras C, Sánchez-Salcedo S, Gómez-Palacio VE, Gómez-Blasco A, Doadrio JC, Vallet-Regí M, Salinas AJ. ZnO-mesoporous glass scaffolds loaded with osteostatin and mesenchymal cells improve bone healing in a rabbit bone defect. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2020; 31:100. [PMID: 33130982 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06439-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of 3D scaffolds based on mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) enhanced with therapeutic ions, biomolecules and cells is emerging as a strategy to improve bone healing. In this paper, the osteogenic capability of ZnO-enriched MBG scaffolds loaded or not with osteostatin (OST) and human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was evaluated after implantation in New Zealand rabbits. Cylindrical meso-macroporous scaffolds with composition (mol %) 82.2SiO2-10.3CaO-3.3P2O5-4.2ZnO (4ZN) were obtained by rapid prototyping and then, coated with gelatin for easy handling and potentiating the release of inorganic ions and OST. Bone defects (7.5 mm diameter, 12 mm depth) were drilled in the distal femoral epiphysis and filled with 4ZN, 4ZN + MSC, 4ZN + OST or 4ZN + MSC + OST materials to evaluate and compare their osteogenic features. Rabbits were sacrificed at 3 months extracting the distal third of bone specimens for necropsy, histological, and microtomography (µCT) evaluations. Systems investigated exhibited bone regeneration capability. Thus, trabecular bone volume density (BV/TV) values obtained from µCT showed that the good bone healing capability of 4ZN was significantly improved by the scaffolds coated with OST and MSC. Our findings in vivo suggest the interest of these MBG complete systems to improve bone repair in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lozano
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense, UCM; Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - J Gil-Albarova
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
- Departamento de Cirugía. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - C Heras
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense, UCM; Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Sánchez-Salcedo
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense, UCM; Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - V E Gómez-Palacio
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - A Gómez-Blasco
- Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - J C Doadrio
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense, UCM; Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Vallet-Regí
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense, UCM; Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - A J Salinas
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad Complutense, UCM; Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, Madrid, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
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Heras C, Jiménez-Holguín J, Doadrio AL, Vallet-Regí M, Sánchez-Salcedo S, Salinas AJ. Multifunctional antibiotic- and zinc-containing mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds to fight bone infection. Acta Biomater 2020; 114:395-406. [PMID: 32717329 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Bone regeneration is a clinical challenge which requires multiple approaches. Sometimes, it also includes the development of osteogenic and antibacterial biomaterials to treat the emergence of possible infection processes arising from surgery. This study evaluates the antibacterial properties of gelatin-coated meso-macroporous scaffolds based on the bioactive glass 80%SiO2-15%CaO-5%P2O5 (mol-%) before (BL-GE) and after being doped with 4% of ZnO (4ZN-GE) and loaded with both saturated and the minimal inhibitory concentrations of one of the antibiotics: levofloxacin (LEVO), vancomycin (VANCO), rifampicin (RIFAM) or gentamicin (GENTA). After physical-chemical characterization of materials, release studies of inorganic ions and antibiotics from the scaffolds were carried out. Moreover, molecular modelling allowed determining the electrostatic potential density maps and the hydrogen bonds of antibiotics and the glass matrix. Antibacterial in vitro studies (in planktonic, inhibition halos and biofilm destruction) with S. aureus and E. coli as bacteria models showed a synergistic effect of zinc ions and antibiotics. The effect was especially noticeable in planktonic cultures of S. aureus with 4ZN-GE scaffolds loaded with VANCO, LEVO or RIFAM and in E. coli cultures with LEVO or GENTA. Moreover, S. aureus biofilms were completely destroyed by 4ZN-GE scaffolds loaded with VANCO, LEVO or RIFAM and the E. coli biofilm total destruction was accomplished with 4ZN-GE scaffolds loaded with GENTA or LEVO. This approach could be an important step in the fight against microbial resistance and provide needed options for bone infection treatment. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Antibacterial capabilities of scaffolds based on mesoporous bioactive glasses before and after adding a 4% ZnO and loading with saturated and minimal inhibitory concentrations of levofloxacin, vancomycin, gentamicin or rifampicin were evaluated. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the infection model strains for the performed assays of inhibition zone, planktonic growth and biofilm. Good inhibition results and a synergistic effect of zinc ions released from scaffolds and antibiotics were observed. Thus, the amount of antibiotic required to inhibit the bacterial planktonic growth was substantially reduced with the ZnO inclusion in the scaffold. This study shows that the ZnO-MBG osteogenic scaffolds are multifunctional tools in bone tissue engineering because they are able to fight bacterial infections with lower antibiotic dosage.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Heras
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Jiménez-Holguín
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A L Doadrio
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - M Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - S Sánchez-Salcedo
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - A J Salinas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
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10
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Heras C, Sanchez-Salcedo S, Lozano D, Peña J, Esbrit P, Vallet-Regi M, Salinas AJ. Osteostatin potentiates the bioactivity of mesoporous glass scaffolds containing Zn 2+ ions in human mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Biomater 2019; 89:359-371. [PMID: 30890462 PMCID: PMC6667339 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
There is an urgent need of biosynthetic bone grafts with enhanced osteogenic capacity. In this study, we describe the design of hierarchical meso-macroporous 3D-scaffolds based on mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs), enriched with the peptide osteostatin and Zn2+ ions, and their osteogenic effect on human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as a preclinical strategy in bone regeneration. The MBG compositions investigated were 80%SiO2-15%CaO-5%P2O5 (in mol-%) Blank (BL), and two analogous glasses containing 4% ZnO (4ZN) and 5% ZnO (5ZN). By using additive fabrication techniques, scaffolds exhibiting hierarchical porosity: mesopores (around 4 nm), macropores (1-600 μm) and big channels (∼1000 μm), were prepared. These MBG scaffolds with or without osteostatin were evaluated in hMCSs cultures. Zinc promoted hMSCs colonization (both the surface and inside) of MBG scaffolds. Moreover, Zn2+ ions and osteostatin together, but not independently, in the scaffolds were found to induce the osteoblast differentiation genes runt related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in hMSCs after 7 d of culture in the absence of an osteogenic differentiation-promoting medium. These results add credence to the combined use of zinc and osteostatin as an effective strategy for bone regeneration applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) are bioceramics whose unique properties make them excellent materials for bone tissue engineering. Physico-chemical characterization of MBGs as scaffolds made by rapid prototyping, doped with zinc (potential osteogenic, angiogenic and bactericidal ion) and loaded with osteostatin (osteogenic peptide) are described. These Zn-MBGs scaffolds showed 3D hierarchical meso-macroporous structure that enables to host and release osteostatin. When decorated with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), MBGs scaffoldsenriched with both zinc and osteostatin exhibited a synergistic effect to enhance hMSCs growth, and also hMSCs osteogenic differentiationwithout addition of other osteoblastic differentiation factors to the culture medium. This novel strategy has a great potential for use in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Heras
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre,i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Sanchez-Salcedo
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre,i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
| | - D Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre,i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - J Peña
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre,i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Esbrit
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre,i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Vallet-Regi
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre,i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - A J Salinas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre,i+12, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain.
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Pérez R, Sanchez-Salcedo S, Lozano D, Heras C, Esbrit P, Vallet-Regí M, Salinas AJ. Osteogenic Effect of ZnO-Mesoporous Glasses Loaded with Osteostatin. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:E592. [PMID: 30081542 PMCID: PMC6116259 DOI: 10.3390/nano8080592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses (MBGs) are a family of bioceramics widely investigated for their putative clinical use as scaffolds for bone regeneration. Their outstanding textural properties allow for high bioactivity when compared with other bioactive materials. Moreover, their great pore volumes allow these glasses to be loaded with a wide range of biomolecules to stimulate new bone formation. In this study, an MBG with a composition, in mol%, of 80% SiO₂⁻15% CaO⁻5% P₂O₅ (Blank, BL) was compared with two analogous glasses containing 4% and 5% of ZnO (4ZN and 5ZN) before and after impregnation with osteostatin, a C-terminal peptide from a parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP107-111). Zn2+ ions were included in the glass for their bone growth stimulator properties, whereas osteostatin was added for its osteogenic properties. Glasses were characterized, and their cytocompatibility investigated, in pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell cultures. The simultaneous additions of osteostatin and Zn2+ ions provoked enhanced MC3T3-E1 cell viability and a higher differentiation capacity, compared with either raw BL or MBGs supplemented only with osteostatin or Zn2+. These in vitro results show that osteostatin enhances the osteogenic effect of Zn2+-enriched glasses, suggesting the potential of this combined approach in bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Pérez
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sandra Sanchez-Salcedo
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Clara Heras
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pedro Esbrit
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IIS)-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Salinas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, UCM, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, imas12, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Salinas AJ, Blanco-Bécares JM, Mersinlioglu O, Casarrubios L, Fernández-Villa D, Feito MJ, Portolés T, González B, Vallet-Regí M. Synthesis, Characterization and Biocompatibility of Mesolamellar Calcium Phosphate Hybrids Prepared by Anionic Surfactant Templating. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201703130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J. Salinas
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica); Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12; Madrid Spain
| | - José M. Blanco-Bécares
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica); Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Okan Mersinlioglu
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica); Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Laura Casarrubios
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Fernández-Villa
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Feito
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa Portolés
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca González
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica); Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12; Madrid Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas (Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica); Facultad de Farmacia; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n 28040 Madrid Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12; Madrid Spain
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Sanchez-Salcedo S, Malavasi G, Salinas AJ, Lusvardi G, Rigamonti L, Menabue L, Vallet-Regi M. Highly-Bioreactive Silica-Based Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses Enriched with Gallium(III). Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E367. [PMID: 29498654 PMCID: PMC5872946 DOI: 10.3390/ma11030367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Beneficial effects in bone cell growth and antibacterial action are currently attributed to Ga3+ ions. Thus, they can be used to upgrade mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs), investigated for tissue engineering, whenever they released therapeutic amounts of gallium ions to the surrounding medium. Three gallium-enriched MBGs with composition (in mol %) xSiO₂-yCaO-zP₂O₅-5Ga₂O₃, being x = 70, y = 15, z = 10 for Ga_1; x = 80, y = 12, z = 3 for Ga_2; and x = 80, y = 15, z = 0 for Ga_3, were investigated and compared with the gallium-free 80SiO₂-15CaO-5P₂O₅ MBG (B). 29Si and 31P MAS NMR analyses indicated that Ga3+ acts as network modifier in the glass regions with higher polymerization degree and as network former in the zones with high concentration of classical modifiers (Ca2+ ions). Ga_1 and Ga_2 exhibited a quick in vitro bioactive response because they were coated by an apatite-like layer after 1 and 3 days in simulated body fluid. Although we have not conducted biological tests in this paper (cells or bacteria), Ga_1 released high but non-cytotoxic amounts of Ga3+ ions in Todd Hewitt Broth culture medium that were 140 times higher than the IC90 of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, demonstrating its potential for tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sanchez-Salcedo
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gianluca Malavasi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Antonio J Salinas
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Gigliola Lusvardi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Luca Rigamonti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Ledi Menabue
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Maria Vallet-Regi
- Dpto. Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- Centro Investigación Biomédica en Red Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Villegas MF, Garcia-Uriostegui L, Rodríguez O, Izquierdo-Barba I, Salinas AJ, Toriz G, Vallet-Regí M, Delgado E. Lysine-Grafted MCM-41 Silica as an Antibacterial Biomaterial. Bioengineering (Basel) 2017; 4:E80. [PMID: 28952559 PMCID: PMC5746747 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering4040080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes a facile strategy for the zwitterionization of bioceramics that is based on the direct incorporation of l-lysine amino acid via the ε-amino group onto mesoporous MCM-41 materials. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) studies of lysine-grafted MCM-41 (MCM-LYS) simultaneously showed bands at 3080 and 1540 cm-1 and bands at 1625 and 1415 cm-1 corresponding to -NH3+/COO- pairs, which demonstrate the incorporation of the amino acid on the material surface keeping its zwitterionic character. Both elemental and thermogravimetric analyses showed that the amount of grafted lysine was 8 wt. % based on the bioceramic total weight. Moreover, MCM-LYS exhibited a reduction of adhesion of S. aureus and E. coli bacteria in 33% and 50%, respectively at physiological pH, as compared with pristine MCM-41. Biofilm studies onto surfaces showed that lysine functionalization elicited a reduction of the area covered by S. aureus biofilm from 42% to only 5% (88%). This research shows a simple and effective approach to chemically modify bioceramics using single amino acids that provides zwitterionic functionality, which is useful to develop new biomaterials that are able to resist bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Villegas
- Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico.
| | - Lorena Garcia-Uriostegui
- CONACYT Research Fellow at Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico.
| | - Ofelia Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología e Inocuidad de Alimentos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico.
| | - Isabel Izquierdo-Barba
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio J Salinas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Guillermo Toriz
- Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico.
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ezequiel Delgado
- Departamento de Madera, Celulosa y Papel, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44100, Mexico.
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Doadrio AL, Sánchez-Montero JM, Doadrio JC, Salinas AJ, Vallet-Regí M. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles as a new carrier methodology in the controlled release of the active components in a polypill. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 97:1-8. [PMID: 27818251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Polypill is a medication designed for preventing heart attacks through a combination of drugs. Current formulations contain blood pressure-lowering drugs and others, such statins or acetylsalicylic acid. These drugs exhibit different physical chemical features, and consequently different release kinetics. Therefore, the concentration in plasma of some of them after the release process can be out of the therapeutic range. This paper investigates a new methodology for the control dosage of a polypill recently reported containing hydrochlorothiazide, amlodipine, losartan and simvastatin in a 12.5/2.5/25/40 weight ratio. The procedure is based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) with MCM-41 structure (MSN-41) used as carrier, aimed to control release of the four drugs included in the polypill. In vitro release data were obtained by HPLC and the curves adjusted with a kinetic model. To explain the release results, a molecular model was built to determine the drug-matrix interactions, and quantum mechanical calculations were performed to obtain the electrostatic properties of each drug. Amlodipine, losartan and simvastatin were released from the polypill-MSN-41 system in a controlled way. This would be a favourable behavior when used clinically because avoid too quick pressure decrease. However, the diuretic hydrochlorothiazide was quickly released from our system in the first minutes, as is needed in hypertensive urgencies. In addition, an increase in the stability of amlodipine and hydrochlorothiazide occurred in the polypill-MSN-41 system. Therefore, the new way of polypill dosage proposed can result in a safer and effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio L Doadrio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José M Sánchez-Montero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Grupo de Biotransformaciones, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C Doadrio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio J Salinas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital, 12 de Octubre i+12, Madrid, Spain; Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Maçon ALB, Kim TB, Valliant EM, Goetschius K, Brow RK, Day DE, Hoppe A, Boccaccini AR, Kim IY, Ohtsuki C, Kokubo T, Osaka A, Vallet-Regí M, Arcos D, Fraile L, Salinas AJ, Teixeira AV, Vueva Y, Almeida RM, Miola M, Vitale-Brovarone C, Verné E, Höland W, Jones JR. A unified in vitro evaluation for apatite-forming ability of bioactive glasses and their variants. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2015; 26:115. [PMID: 25665841 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5403-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to propose and validate a new unified method for testing dissolution rates of bioactive glasses and their variants, and the formation of calcium phosphate layer formation on their surface, which is an indicator of bioactivity. At present, comparison in the literature is difficult as many groups use different testing protocols. An ISO standard covers the use of simulated body fluid on standard shape materials but it does not take into account that bioactive glasses can have very different specific surface areas, as for glass powders. Validation of the proposed modified test was through round robin testing and comparison to the ISO standard where appropriate. The proposed test uses fixed mass per solution volume ratio and agitated solution. The round robin study showed differences in hydroxyapatite nucleation on glasses of different composition and between glasses of the same composition but different particle size. The results were reproducible between research facilities. Researchers should use this method when testing new glasses, or their variants, to enable comparison between the literature in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L B Maçon
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Sánchez-Salcedo S, Shruti S, Salinas AJ, Malavasi G, Menabue L, Vallet-Regí M. In vitro antibacterial capacity and cytocompatibility of SiO 2-CaO-P 2O 5 meso-macroporous glass scaffolds enriched with ZnO. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:4836-4847. [PMID: 32261775 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00403e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Zn2+ ions exhibit osteogenic, angiogenic and antimicrobial properties. For this reason, they are often added in small amounts to bioceramics being investigated for bone tissue engineering. In this paper, the cytocompatibility and antibacterial properties of 80% SiO2-15% CaO-5% P2O5 (mol%) mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) scaffolds substituted with 4.0% and 7.0% of ZnO were studied and compared with the Zn-free scaffold. Cell proliferation, morphology, differentiation and cytotoxic effects of Zn2+ ions released from the samples were examined by culturing human osteoblast-like cells (HOS) osteoblasts both in the presence of sample extracts and on the scaffold surface. The bacterial inhibition capacity of the scaffolds was explored by using Gram-positive Stapylococcus aureus bacteria, responsible for numerous infections in orthopedic surgery, to simulate a severe infection. Our results show that the Zn-MBG scaffolds possess a hierarchical meso-macropore structure suitable for osteoblast growth. Furthermore, the amount of Zn2+ released from the scaffold with 4.0% ZnO was found to be more favorable for HOS cell development than that released from the scaffold including 7.0% ZnO. Zn2+ released to the medium from both scaffolds exhibited antibacterial properties against S. aureus. Thus, the cytocompatibility and the antibacterial ability exhibited by the MBG scaffold containing 4.0% ZnO make it a suitable candidate for bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Sánchez-Salcedo
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Shruti S, Salinas AJ, Lusvardi G, Malavasi G, Menabue L, Vallet-Regi M. Mesoporous bioactive scaffolds prepared with cerium-, gallium- and zinc-containing glasses. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:4836-44. [PMID: 23026489 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds (MBG_Scs), based on 80% SiO(2)-15% CaO-5% P(2)O(5) (in mol.%) mesoporous sol-gel glasses substituted with Ce(2)O(3), Ga(2)O(3) (both 0.2% or 1.0%) and ZnO (0.4% or 2.0%), were synthesized by combination of evaporation-induced self-assembly and rapid prototyping techniques. Cerium, gallium and zinc trace elements were selected because of their inherent beneficial biological properties. Fabricated scaffolds were characterized and compared with unsubstituted scaffold (B_Sc). All of them contained well interconnected ultralarge pores (pores >400 μm) ideal for vascular ingrowth and proliferation of cells. Macropores of size 100-400 μm were present inside the scaffolds. In addition, low-angle X-ray diffraction showed that B_Sc and scaffolds with substituent contents up to 0.4% exhibited ordered mesoporosity useful for hosting molecules with biological activity. The textural properties of B_Sc were a surface area of 398 m(2) g(-1), a pore diameter of 4.3 nm and a pore volume of 0.43 cm(3) g(-1). A slight decrease in surface area and pore volume was observed upon substitution with no distinct effect on pore diameter. In addition, all the MBG_Scs except 2.0% ZnO_Sc showed quite quick in vitro bioactive response. Hence, the present study is a positive addition to ongoing research into preparing bone tissue engineering scaffolds from bioceramics containing elements of therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Shruti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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21
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Lozano D, Trejo CG, Gómez-Barrena E, Manzano M, Doadrio JC, Salinas AJ, Vallet-Regí M, García-Honduvilla N, Esbrit P, Buján J. Osteostatin-loaded onto mesoporous ceramics improves the early phase of bone regeneration in a rabbit osteopenia model. Acta Biomater 2012; 8:2317-23. [PMID: 22414621 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is an important modulator of bone formation. Recently, we reported that PTHrP (107-111) (osteostatin) coating onto mesoporous ceramics confers osteogenic activity to these materials. Bone repair is dramatically compromised in osteopenia/osteoporosis. Thus, we examined the efficacy of unmodified and organically modified SBA15 ceramics loaded with osteostatin in promoting bone repair in an osteoporotic rabbit model. Osteoporosis was induced in New Zealand rabbits by methylprednisolone administration, and healthy rabbits were used as controls. Tested materials were implanted into a femoral cavitary defect, and animals were sacrificed at 2 weeks post-implantation. At this time, implants were encapsulated by a variable layer of fibrotic tissue with no evidence of inflammation. Similarly to observations in normal rabbits, both types of osteostatin-loaded bioceramics induced tissue regeneration associated with increased staining for PCNA, Runx2, osteopontin, and/or vascular endothelial growth factor in osteoporotic rabbits. Our present findings demonstrate that these osteostatin-bearing bioceramics increase the early repair response not only in normal bone but also in osteoporotic bone after a local injury.
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Shruti S, Salinas AJ, Malavasi G, Lusvardi G, Menabue L, Ferrara C, Mustarelli P, Vallet-Regì M. Structural and in vitro study of cerium, gallium and zinc containing sol–gel bioactive glasses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm31767b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Salinas AJ, Shruti S, Malavasi G, Menabue L, Vallet-Regí M. Substitutions of cerium, gallium and zinc in ordered mesoporous bioactive glasses. Acta Biomater 2011; 7:3452-8. [PMID: 21672640 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2011.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ordered mesoporous glasses based on the 80% SiO(2)-15% CaO-5% P(2)O(5) system including up to 3.5% Ce(2)O(3), 3.5% Ga(2)O(3) or 7.0% ZnO (in mol.%) were synthesized by the evaporation-induced self-assembly process using Pluronic® 123 as a surfactant. An ordered hexagonal mesophase was observed in both the unsubstituted glass (denoted in this paper as B: blank) and glasses containing <0.4% of substituent by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction. The increase in the amount of substituent led to a decrease in the mesopore order. B glass exhibited good textural properties: S(BET)=515m(2)g(-1), D(P)=4.7nm and V(P)=0.58cm(3)g(-1). With the inclusion of cerium, gallium and zinc oxides the textural properties decreased, but remained in amounts useful for clinical applications. Zinc-containing samples showed the highest decrement in the textural properties. Substituted glasses exhibited a quick in vitro bioactive response except when the ZnO content was over 0.4%. Taking into account the ordered mesoporosity, the quick in vitro bioactive response and the added values of the substituents, this new family of glasses are promising candidates for applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Salinas
- Departamento de Quimica Inorganica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Lozano D, Manzano M, Doadrio JC, Salinas AJ, Vallet-Regí M, Gómez-Barrena E, Esbrit P. Osteostatin-loaded bioceramics stimulate osteoblastic growth and differentiation. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:797-803. [PMID: 19716446 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2009.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is an important regulator of bone remodeling. Recent studies show that this protein can induce osteogenic features through its N- and C-terminal domains. Silica-based ordered mesoporous bioceramics with an SBA-15 structure - known to be bioactive and biocompatible - have recently been evaluated for their capacity to uptake and deliver L-tryptophan. This amino acid corresponds to the end position of the 107-111 domain (called osteostatin) of the native C-terminal PTHrP (107-139) fragment, whose true action in bone metabolism is still ill-defined. In the present study, we assessed some effects of the aforementioned biomaterials pressed into disks, loaded or not with osteostatin, in osteoblastic cell cultures. Our data demonstrate that both unmodified and organically modified SBA-15 loaded with this peptide increase cell growth and the expression of several osteoblastic products (alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, collagen, osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand and vascular endothelial growth factor) in osteoblastic cells. These findings support the notion that osteostatin coating confers osteogenic features to silica-based ordered mesoporous materials, which make them suitable biomaterials for bone repair.
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Manzano M, Salinas AJ, Gil FJ, Vallet-Regí M. Mechanical properties of organically modified silicates for bone regeneration. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2009; 20:1795-1801. [PMID: 19404723 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3753-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2008] [Accepted: 04/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, different organic-inorganic hybrid materials based in the CaO-SiO(2)-poly(dimethyl siloxane) PDMS system have been characterised by means of nanoindentation and their static mechanical properties (Young's modulus, and hardness) have been investigated. These mechanical properties have been discussed in relation to the chemical composition and structure of the different hybrid materials. Besides, the mechanical behaviour of hybrid materials is visco-elastic and it therefore presents phenomena of creep that will be influenced by the temperature of the mechanical test; undoubtedly, a temperature of 37 degrees C accelerates the processes of creep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Manzano
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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Salinas AJ, Merino JM, Babonneau F, Gil FJ, Vallet-Regí M. Microstructure and macroscopic properties of bioactive CaO-SiO2-PDMS hybrids. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007; 81:274-82. [PMID: 17106889 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CaO-SiO2-PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) hybrid materials were synthesized as crack-free monoliths presenting in vitro bioactivity, i.e. able to be coated with a calcium phosphate-rich layer after having been soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF). A wide physical-chemical characterization of these materials was carried out to relate their microscopic structure and macroscopic properties. The effect of PDMS and the amounts of water used for the tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) hydrolysis on the mechanical properties of hybrid materials was investigated by three-point bending tests. For a given amount of water, as PDMS content in hybrids increased, the elastic modulus decreased. Furthermore, keeping the PDMS content constant, when the amount of H2O decreased, the elastic modulus increased. Regarding in vitro bioactivity and mechanical properties, the hybrid material obtained with molar ratios H2O/TEOS = 2 and TEOS/PDMS = 3.5 proved to be the best candidate for either soft tissue substitution or metallic implant coating since the hybrid material would promote bond to bone formation, simultaneously dampening the mechanical charges.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Salinas
- Dept. Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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Vallet-Regí M, Salinas AJ, Arcos D. From the bioactive glasses to the star gels. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2006; 17:1011-7. [PMID: 17122912 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-006-0437-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2005] [Accepted: 01/26/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The improvement of bioactive glasses is one of the most important subjects in the field of hard tissue replacement. More than 30 years after being discovered by Prof. Hench, bioactive glasses still attract the attention of many researchers all over the World. With this article we want to pay homage to Prof. Hench by means of reviewing the main contribution of our research team to the field initiated by him in 1969. Our efforts, aimed to go further in the understanding of sol-gel glasses bioactivity as well as to improve the mechanical properties of bioactive materials, are explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Vallet-Regí
- Dpto. Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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Gil-Albarova J, Salinas AJ, Bueno-Lozano AL, Román J, Aldini-Nicolo N, García-Barea A, Giavaresi G, Fini M, Giardino R, Vallet-Regí M. The in vivo behaviour of a sol–gel glass and a glass-ceramic during critical diaphyseal bone defects healing. Biomaterials 2005; 26:4374-82. [PMID: 15701366 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2004] [Accepted: 11/09/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo evaluation, in New Zealand rabbits, of a sol-gel glass 70% CaO-30% SiO2 (in mol%) and a glass-ceramic obtained from thermal treatment of the glass, both bioactive in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF), is presented. Femoral bone diaphyseal critical defects were filled with: (i) sol-gel glass cylinders, (ii) glass-ceramic cylinders, or (iii) no material (control group). Osteosynthesis was done by means of anterior screwed plates with an associate intramedullar Kirschner wire. Each group included 10 mature rabbits, 9 months old. Follow-up was 6 months. After sacrifice, macroscopic study showed healing of bone defects, with bone coating over the cylinders, but without evidence of satisfactory repair in control group. Radiographic study showed good implant stability and periosteal growth and bone remodelling around and over the filled bone defect. The morphometric study showed minimum evidences of degradation or resorption in glass-ceramic cylinders, maintaining its original shape, but sol-gel glass cylinders showed abundant fragmentation and surface resorption. An intimate union of the new-formed bone to both materials was observed. Mechanical study showed the higher results in the glass-ceramic group, whereas sol-gel glass and control group showed no differences. The minimum degradation of glass-ceramic cylinders suggests their application in critical bone defects locations of transmission forces or load bearing. The performance of sol-gel glass cylinders suggests their usefulness in locations where a quick resorption should be preferable, considering the possibility of serving as drug or cells vehicle for both of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gil-Albarova
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Gil-Albarova J, Garrido-Lahiguera R, Salinas AJ, Román J, Bueno-Lozano AL, Gil-Albarova R, Vallet-Regí M. The in vivo performance of a sol-gel glass and a glass-ceramic in the treatment of limited bone defects. Biomaterials 2005; 25:4639-45. [PMID: 15120510 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2003] [Accepted: 12/02/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The in vivo evaluation, in New Zealand rabbits, of a SiO(2)-P(2)O(5)-CaO sol-gel glass and a SiO(2)-P(2)O(5)-CaO-MgO glass-ceramic, both bioactive in Kokubo's simulated body fluid (SBF), is presented. Bone defects, performed in the lateral aspect of distal right femoral epiphysis, 5mm in diameter and 4mm in depth, were filled with (i) sol-gel glass disks, (ii) glass-ceramic disks, or (iii) no material (control group). Each group included 8 mature and 8 immature rabbits. A 4-month radiographic study showed good implant stability without axial deviation of extremities in immature animals and periosteal growth and remodelling around and over the bone defect. After sacrifice, the macroscopic study showed healing of bone defects, with bone coating over the implants. The morphometric study showed a more generous bone formation in animals receiving sol-gel glass or glass-ceramic disks than in control group. Histomorphometric study showed an intimate union of the new-formed bone to the implants. This study allows considering both materials as eligible for bone substitution or repair. Their indications could include cavities filling and the coating of implant surfaces. The minimum degradation of glass-ceramic disks suggests its application in locations of load or transmission forces. As specific indication in growth plate surgery, both materials could be used as material of interposition after bony bridges resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Gil-Albarova
- Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Universidad de Zaragoza, P Isabel La Católica 1-3, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
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31
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Olmo N, Martín AI, Salinas AJ, Turnay J, Vallet-Regí M, Lizarbe MA. Bioactive sol-gel glasses with and without a hydroxycarbonate apatite layer as substrates for osteoblast cell adhesion and proliferation. Biomaterials 2003; 24:3383-93. [PMID: 12809766 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The biocompatibility of three sol-gel bioactive glasses with SiO(2) as the main constituent (75, 72.5 and 70 mol%), identical CaO content (25mol%), and without or with P(2)O(5) as third constituent (0, 2.5 and 5 mol%), have been analyzed (S75, S72.5P2.5, and S70P5 glasses). These studies were performed on both untreated glasses and on glasses coated with a hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer formed in vitro by soaking 7d in an acellular simulated body fluid. Cell attachment, spreading and proliferation were studied using neonatal rat calvaria osteoblasts. Cells attach to the three untreated glasses but show a higher efficiency on that with the higher phosphate content (S70P5). The formation of the HCA layer significantly enhances this process (1.7-fold). In all cases, attachment is followed by cell spreading on the surface of the materials, adopting the cells a flattened morphology and showing diverse anchoring cell projections. Mitotic activity has been detected on osteoblasts growing on the sol-gel glasses, being this process 2-4-fold higher when the apatite-like layer is already formed. Taking into account the results herein presented, these bioactive glasses can be considered biocompatible. In addition, their biocompatibility is greatly enhanced after induction of the formation of an HCA layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Olmo
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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32
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Abstract
Three gel glasses containing 25 mol % of CaO and SiO(2) + P(2)O(5) contents (in mol %): 75 + 0 (S75); 72.5 + 2.5 (S72.5P2.5); and 70 + 5 (S70P5), respectively, were obtained, characterized, and studied when soaked in a simulated body fluid (SBF). The influence of composition in both textural properties (surface area and porosity) and in vitro behavior of glasses was studied. In as prepared S72.5P2.5 and S70P5 glasses, crystalline phosphate nuclei were detected through XRD and FTIR. In addition, N(2) adsorption and Hg porosimetry measurements showed that the surface area increased, whereas the pore volume and the pore diameter decreased as P(2)O(5) in glasses increased. These variations were explained on the basis of the withdrawal of calcium from the glass silica network, due to the calcium-phosphorous bonding. In vitro studies showed that the three compositions were bioactive, because an apatite layer was formed after soaking in SBF. S75 presented the highest initial reactivity but the lowest crystallization rate of the apatite-like phase. For S72.5P2.5, and S70P5 the amorphous calcium phosphate formation was slower than for S75, but the crystallization of apatite was observed after shorter periods in SBF. Furthermore, after 7 days of soaking, the layer thickness decreased as P(2)O(5) in glasses increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Salinas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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33
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Roman J, Salinas AJ, Vallet-Regi M, Oliveira JM, Correia RN, Fernandes MH. Role of acid attack in the in vitro bioactivity of a glass-ceramic of the 3CaO.P2O5-CaO.SiO2-CaO.MgO.2SiO2 system. Biomaterials 2001; 22:2013-9. [PMID: 11426879 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(00)00387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A non-bioactive glass-ceramic (GC13) that contains hydroxyapatite (Ca5(PO4)3OH), diopside (CaMg(SiO3)2) and althausite (Mg2 PO4OH) as crystalline phases has been obtained by thermal treatment of a parent bioactive glass (G13) of nominal composition (wt%) 40.0 CaO-34.5 SiO2-16.5 P2O5-8.5 MgO-0.5CaF2. To induce bioactivity, GC13 was chemically treated with 1 M HCl for different periods of time. After chemical etching the in vitro studies showed formation of an apatite-like surface layer. In this article the influence of etching time both on the surface composition of the glass-ceramic and on the growth rate of the apatite layer is studied. It is concluded that the presence of hydroxyapatite in the glass-ceramic, associated to microstructural fluctuations, can favour apatite deposition in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Roman
- Department of Quimica Inorganica y Bioinorganica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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34
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Abstract
The in vitro reactivity of a sol-gel glass with a composition in mol % of 80% SiO(2)-20% CaO (80S20C) was studied by soaking in a simulated body fluid (SBF). To model the continuous flow of body fluids, in this article a protocol for in vitro tests with continuous exchange of the assay solution (continuous) is proposed. The in vitro behavior of 80S20C in continuous is compared with that without SBF exchange (static). In static, remarkable variations in ionic concentration and pH of solution were detected after a few minutes of soaking. However, exchange of solution with 1 mL/min flow allowed us to maintain SBF ionic concentration and pH almost constant and close to plasma. Glass surface before and after soaking was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron diffraction (ED). After soaking, a calcium phosphate layer formed in both cases on the glass surface. However, some differences were observed as a function of the in vitro protocol used. In static, faster formation of the phosphate layer was detected in the first 6 h by FTIR, but for higher soaking times the situation was equivalent in both cases. After 7-day assay in continuous, XRD, SEM, TEM, and ED studies showed larger crystalline aggregates and apatite crystals on the newly formed layer. The use of a continuous protocol allowed us to perform complete in vitro studies with an ionic concentration and pH in solution almost identical to physiological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Izquierdo-Barba
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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35
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Salinas AJ, Román J, Vallet-Regí M, Oliveira JM, Correia RN, Fernandes MH. In vitro bioactivity of glass and glass-ceramics of the 3CaO x P2O5-CaO x SiO2-CaO x MgO x 2SiO2 system. Biomaterials 2000; 21:251-7. [PMID: 10646941 DOI: 10.1016/s0142-9612(99)00150-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A glass of nominal composition (wt%) 40.0 CaO-34.5 SiO2-16.5 P2O5-8.5 MgO-0.5 CaF2 has been obtained (G13). The glass showed in vitro bioactivity evidenced by the formation on its surface of a calcium phosphate-rich layer when soaked in a solution with ionic composition analogous to human plasma. By thermal treatments of G13, a glass-ceramic (GC13) containing apatite, diopside, althausite and akermanite as crystalline phases was developed. GC13 as-made did not show in vitro bioactivity. However, after chemical treatment of GC13 with 1 M HCl (GC13-HCl), the in vitro studies showed the formation of an apatite-like layer covering certain areas of the material surface. The influence of both chemical and morphological factors on the in vitro bioactivity has been studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Salinas
- Departmento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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36
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Pérez-Pariente J, Balas F, Román J, Salinas AJ, Vallet-Regí M. Influence of composition and surface characteristics on the in vitro bioactivity of SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5)-MgO sol-gel glasses. J Biomed Mater Res 1999; 47:170-5. [PMID: 10449627 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199911)47:2<170::aid-jbm6>3.0.co;2-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Glasses in the system SiO(2)-CaO-P(2)O(5)-MgO were prepared by the sol-gel method. These glasses featured SiO(2) contents in the range 60-80 mol %, 4 mol % of P(2)O(5), and a CaO/MgO molar ratio of 4. Because of their composition and surface properties, all the glasses showed in vitro bioactivity, as evidenced by the formation of an apatite-like layer on their surface when soaked in an acellular medium with ionic composition similar to human blood plasma. An increase in the CaO content of the glasses also caused an increase in their porosity. Higher porosity facilitated the apatite nucleation on the sample surface during the first days of the in vitro test. On the other hand, those glasses with higher SiO(2) content also showed higher surface area values, as well as higher calcium phosphate layer growth rates. For longer soaking periods, the grown layer was analyzed, revealing a two-phase composition: apatite and whitlockite.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Pérez-Pariente
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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37
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Abstract
A glass with a composition of SiO(2) 80% and CaO 20% (in mol %) was prepared by the sol-gel method, and its in vitro bioactivity was studied by soaking it in simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 degrees C. The formation of a calcium phosphate layer on the glass was analyzed by determining the ionic concentrations in solution and by studying the surface of the glass with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electron diffraction (ED) after it had been in SBF for varying periods of time. The composition of this bioactive glass, formed of only two components, allowed us to monitor the formation process of the hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer. The bioactive behavior of this glass indicates that the presence of phosphorous in the glass composition is not an essential requirement for the development of a HCA layer. In this case, the layer is formed because of the phosphorous present in the in vitro assay solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Izquierdo-Barba
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040-Madrid, Spain
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38
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Abstract
Two sol-gel glasses with 80 mol % SiO2 were prepared in the system SiO2-CaO-P2O5; the first one had 3 mol% P2O5 in its composition, and the second one was P2O5 free. The in vitro behavior of glasses was studied by soaking them in simulated body fluid for 7 days at 37 degrees C. After the in vitro test, the study by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy showed an apatite-like layer had formed on the surface of both glasses. However, for identical soaking time, the apatite crystals formed on the surface of the glass containing P2O5 in the composition were larger. Therefore, the presence of P2O5 in the sol-gel glass composition promotes the crystal growth of the apatite.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, E-28040-Madrid, Spain
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39
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Vallet-Regí M, Granado S, Arcos D, Gordo M, Cabañas MV, Ragel CV, Salinas AJ, Doadrio AL, San Román J. Preparation, characterization, and in vitro release of ibuprofen from AI2O3/PLA/PMMA composites. J Biomed Mater Res 1998; 39:423-8. [PMID: 9468051 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(19980305)39:3<423::aid-jbm11>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The preparation, characterization, and in vitro release of Ibuprofen from Al2O3, poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) composites are described. The release process of the anti-inflammatory drug after the immersion of composites in a buffered solution is analyzed. The rate of Ibuprofen release is related to the crystalline or amorphous form of the drug. The presence of a ceramic component, alpha-Al2O3, and a biodegradable polymer, PLLA, facilitates both Ibuprofen crystallization and drug release. In addition, these composite systems modulate the release of the stereoisomers R(-) and S(+) of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, UCM, Madrid, Spain
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40
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Abstract
Composite biomaterials with good mechanical response and a partially biodegradable character were prepared by the free radical polymerization of mixtures of alpha-Al2O3, low-molecular-weight but crystalline poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA). Cylindrical specimens prepared with different composition were characterized by thermogravimetry, calorimetry, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The in vitro biodegradative process was studied in different media, following variations of the pH, gravimetric weight loss of the specimens, and crystalline domain change by XRD after immersion in pure water and buffered solutions at pH 4.0 and pH 8.0 for 90 days. Formation of a relatively porous structure with good cohesion after the biodegradative treatment (confirmed by SEM) was observed. These systems can be considered for applications in orthopedic surgery as filling biomaterials and even as control drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Rodríguez-Lorenzo
- Departmento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, U.C.M., Madrid, Spain
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