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Cui W, Chen F, Sun Z, Cui C, Xu B, Shen W, Wan F, Cheng A. Catabolism of phenolics from grape peel and its effects on gut microbiota during in vitro colonic fermentation. J Sci Food Agric 2024. [PMID: 38624038 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grape peels, the main by-products of wine processing, are rich in bioactive ingredients of phenolics, including proanthocyanidins, flavonoids and anthocyanins. Phenolics have the function of regulating intestinal microbiota and promoting intestinal health. From the perspective of the dietary nutrition of grape peel phenolics (GPP), this study was to investigate the influence of GPP on the composition and metabolism of human gut microbiota during in vitro fermentation. RESULTS The results indicated that GPP could decrease pH and promote the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). ACE and Chao1 indices in GPP group were lower than that of the Blank group. GPP enhanced the levels of Lachnospiraceae UCG-004, Bacteroidetes, and Roseburia, but reduced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. KEGG enrichment pathways related to phenolic acid metabolism mainly included flavonoid, anthocyanin, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis. Gut microbiota could accelerate the release and breakdown of phenolic compounds, resulting in a decrease in the content of hesperetin-7-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, and cyanidin-3-rutinoside etc. In vitro antibacterial test found that GPP increased the diameters of the inhibition zones of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION The above results revealed that GPP might be a potential prebiotic-like to prevent diseases by improving gut health. This study could provide theoretical basis for potential to exploit GPP as dietary nutrition to maintain intestinal function. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Fuchun Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Zhaoyue Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Caifang Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Ben Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Weijun Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Fachun Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Anwei Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
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Wang X, Deng P, Cheng A, Sun S, Sun K, Sun Z, Zhan X, Zhang C, Dong X, Peng L, Peng C. Decoding the enhanced antioxidant activities of the combined small berry pomaces by widely targeted metabolomics analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22623. [PMID: 38213589 PMCID: PMC10782173 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Small berry pomaces (SBPs) are poorly utilized as an inexpensive source of bioactive compounds. This study investigated the impact of compounding treatment on nutritional and antioxidant characteristics of combined SBPs, in comparison with single SBP. The results showed that the amounts of protein, minerals, dietary fiber (DF) and anthocyanidins were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in combined SBPs than in combined fruits. Moreover, the combined SBPs were characterized by an elevated abundance of minerals and anthocyanidins (6 kinds, and 5 kinds, respectively), substantiating the effectiveness of compounding treatment on SBP nutrition. A total of 776 secondary phytochemicals were detected in combined SBPs by a widely targeted metabolomics approach. Each SBP contained approximately 100 kinds of unique natural antioxidants. Furthermore, the combined SBPs group had the highest antioxidant activity compared with single SBP. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activities determined in combined SBPs were higher than arithmetic mean value of single SBP. The synergism and interaction of active components in different sources of SBPs play vital role in the high antioxidant capacity of combined SBPs. All the results provide reference for the comprehensive development and utilization of fruit residues. The SBPs should be highly prized for their substantial amount of nutritional and bioactive constituents, including protein, DF, essential minerals and secondary metabolites. These secondary metabolites are positively associated with antioxidant benefits. The present study summarizes the knowledge about bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of combined SBPs group and discusses the relevant mechanisms. A conclusion can be educed that combined process is an effective way to improve properties of the pomaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Peng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Anwei Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Sujun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Kaining Sun
- Institute of Vegetables, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Shandong Branch of National Improvement Center for Vegetables /Huang-Huai-Hai Region Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Vegetables /Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shandong Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable Biology, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Zhou Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Congjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Xiaodan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Lizeng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Chune Peng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing /Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong Province/ Institute of Food & Nutrion Sciences and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
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Dai M, Xiong X, Cheng A, Zhao Z, Xiao Q. Development of pullulan-based nanocomposite films reinforced with starch nanocrystals for the preservation of fresh beef. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:1981-1993. [PMID: 36260277 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Incorporation of polysaccharide-based nanofillers is an effective strategy to fabricate bio-nanocomposite films with preferable mechanical, barrier, and surface hydrophobicity properties compared to pure biopolymer films. The objective of this research is to investigate the influence of starch nanocrystals obtained from native (NSNC) and waxy rice starch (WSNC) on the physical-chemical properties of pullulan-based nanocomposite films and their preservation performance on fresh beef. RESULTS Continuous SNCs network structure was observed for pullulan-10% SNCs nanocomposite films, whereas the percolation network of SNCs was destroyed and became no longer continuous with increasing SNCs concentration up to 20% in pullulan films. Among the tested films, pullulan-10% SNCs films showed the highest TS values, lowest WVP and OTR values, due to the formation of percolating SNCs network in pullulan matrix. It is noteworthy that the WVP and OTR values of pullulan-10% WSNC films were significantly lower than that of pullulan-10% NSNC films, probably due to higher hydrophobicity and crystallinity of WSNC compared with NSNC. Beef pieces coated with pullulan-SNCs films had higher L* and a* values, lower TVB-N, TBARS, and TVC values during 7 days' storage at 4 °C compared with samples coated with pullulan films. CONCLUSION Pullulan-SNCs nanocomposite films, especially pullulan-WSNC films, could be potentially used as a coating material for fresh beef due to their desirable oxygen and water barrier properties. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoqi Dai
- School of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
| | - Xiong Xiong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
| | - Anwei Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengtao Zhao
- Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Qian Xiao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
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Chan ATC, Lee VHF, Hong RL, Ahn MJ, Chong WQ, Kim SB, Ho GF, Caguioa PB, Ngamphaiboon N, Ho C, Aziz MASA, Ng QS, Yen CJ, Soparattanapaisarn N, Ngan RKC, Kho SK, Tiambeng MLA, Yun T, Sriuranpong V, Algazi AP, Cheng A, Massarelli E, Swaby RF, Saraf S, Yuan J, Siu LL. Pembrolizumab monotherapy versus chemotherapy in platinum-pretreated, recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer (KEYNOTE-122): an open-label, randomized, phase III trial. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:251-261. [PMID: 36535566 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pembrolizumab previously demonstrated robust antitumor activity and manageable safety in a phase Ib study of patients with heavily pretreated, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive, recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The phase III KEYNOTE-122 study was conducted to further evaluate pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy in patients with platinum-pretreated, recurrent and/or metastatic NPC. Final analysis results are presented. PATIENTS AND METHODS KEYNOTE-122 was an open-label, randomized study conducted at 29 sites, globally. Participants with platinum-pretreated recurrent and/or metastatic NPC were randomly assigned (1 : 1) to pembrolizumab or chemotherapy with capecitabine, gemcitabine, or docetaxel. Randomization was stratified by liver metastasis (present versus absent). The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), analyzed in the intention-to-treat population using the stratified log-rank test (superiority threshold, one-sided P = 0.0187). Safety was assessed in the as-treated population. RESULTS Between 5 May 2016 and 28 May 2018, 233 participants were randomly assigned to treatment (pembrolizumab, n = 117; chemotherapy, n = 116); Most participants (86.7%) received study treatment in the second-line or later setting. Median time from randomization to data cut-off (30 November 2020) was 45.1 months (interquartile range, 39.0-48.8 months). Median OS was 17.2 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 11.7-22.9 months] with pembrolizumab and 15.3 months (95% CI 10.9-18.1 months) with chemotherapy [hazard ratio, 0.90 (95% CI 0.67-1.19; P = 0.2262)]. Grade 3-5 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 12 of 116 participants (10.3%) with pembrolizumab and 49 of 112 participants (43.8%) with chemotherapy. Three treatment-related deaths occurred: 1 participant (0.9%) with pembrolizumab (pneumonitis) and 2 (1.8%) with chemotherapy (pneumonia, intracranial hemorrhage). CONCLUSION Pembrolizumab did not significantly improve OS compared with chemotherapy in participants with platinum-pretreated recurrent and/or metastatic NPC but did have manageable safety and a lower incidence of treatment-related adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T C Chan
- State Key Laboratory in Translational Oncology, Sir YK Pao Centre for Cancer, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - V H F Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - R-L Hong
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M-J Ahn
- Samsung Medical Centre, Seoul, South Korea
| | - W Q Chong
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S-B Kim
- Asan Medical Centre, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - G F Ho
- Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P B Caguioa
- St. Luke's Medical Center, University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Manila, Philippines
| | - N Ngamphaiboon
- Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - C Ho
- BC Cancer, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - M A S A Aziz
- Gleneagles Penang Clinical Research Center, Gleneagles Hospital Penang, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Q S Ng
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C-J Yen
- National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - R K-C Ngan
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - S K Kho
- Hospital Umum Sarawak, Kuching, Malaysia
| | - M L A Tiambeng
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, San Juan City, Philippines
| | - T Yun
- National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - V Sriuranpong
- Chulalongkorn University and the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - A Cheng
- Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - E Massarelli
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, USA
| | | | - S Saraf
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, USA
| | - J Yuan
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, USA
| | - L L Siu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Cui W, Luo K, Xiao Q, Sun Z, Wang Y, Cui C, Chen F, Xu B, Shen W, Wan F, Cheng A. Effect of mulberry leaf or mulberry leaf extract on glycemic traits: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Funct 2023; 14:1277-1289. [PMID: 36644880 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02645g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mulberry leaf (ML) and mulberry leaf extract (MLE) have numerous biological properties, such as regulating sugar and lipid metabolism, reducing blood glucose, and increasing insulin secretion. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to examine the effect of ML/MLE supplementation on glycemic traits in adults, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and fasting plasma insulin (FPI). Twelve clinical trials (615 participants) fulfilled the eligibility criteria for the present meta-analysis, which included sensitivity analysis and GRADE (grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation) certainty. Based on the heterogeneity between included studies, a random effects model was applied in the meta-analysis, and the results are expressed as WMD (weighted mean differences) with 95% CI (confidence intervals). Meta-analysis showed that ML/MLE supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in FBG by -0.47 mmol L-1, HbA1c by -2.92 mmol mol-1, and FPI by -0.58 μIU mL-1. In addition, subgroup analysis indicated that long-term supplementation of ML/MLE (≥8 weeks) was more effective for regulation of the glycemic traits in the non-healthy and baseline FPG >6.1 mmol L-1 subgroups. Glycemic regulation by ML/MLE may be attributed to the phytochemicals they contain, which are mainly 1-deoxynojirimycin, flavonoids, phenolics, and polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Kaiyun Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Qian Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Zhaoyue Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Yunfu Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Caifang Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Fuchun Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Ben Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Weijun Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Fachun Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
| | - Anwei Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and Deep Development of Hunan Province, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
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Taheri N, Hong Y, Abdelwahab M, Huang A, Fleury T, Liu S, Cheng A. Achieving Reduced Treatment Time for Obstructive Sleep Apnea Utilizing Surgery First Approach: A Comparison of Traditional versus Novel Techniques. Sleep Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.05.627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Wan F, Feng C, Luo K, Cui W, Xia Z, Cheng A. Effect of steam explosion on phenolics and antioxidant activity in plants: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Ren Z, Li Z, Zhang T, Fang W, Hu S, Pan H, Yen C, Hou J, Chen Y, Shao G, Hsu C, Bai Y, Meng Z, Hou M, Xie C, Liu Y, Wu J, Li B, Chica-Duque S, Cheng A. P-25 Tislelizumab monotherapy for patients with previously treated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): RATIONALE-208 Chinese subpopulation. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Wan F, Hou C, Luo K, Cheng A. Steam explosion enhances phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity in mung beans. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:1039-1050. [PMID: 35432969 PMCID: PMC9007312 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Steam explosion (SE), as a physicochemical pretreatment process, has the dual effect of high temperature and high pressure. In this study, SE was applied to pretreat mung beans to increase phenolic extraction and their antioxidant activity. It can make the material loose and porous, which is beneficial to the release of phenolic compounds from mung beans. Insoluble‐bound phenolics (IBPs) were the dominating fraction, followed by glycosidic phenolics (GPs) and esterified phenolics (EPs), and free phenolics (FPs) were the lowest in mung beans. After SE, the maximum contents of FPs, EPs, GPs, IBPs, and total phenolics were detected at 0.75 MPa for 30 s, which were 1.47‐, 1.87‐, 1.73‐, 1.48‐, and 1.58‐fold compared with the untreated samples, respectively. On the whole, the effect of SE on phenolics in mung beans first increased and then decreased. SE increased the contents of protocatechuic acid, p‐coumaric acid, ferulic acid, catechin, and epicatechin; but there was a decrease in caffeic acid. Compared with the untreated samples, the antioxidant activity of FPs, GPAs, EPs, and IBPs was also improved by SE. The relationship between the phenolic content and antioxidant activity was very high with coefficients of 2,2′‐azinobis (3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐ sulfonic acid) > 2,2′‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl > ferric reducing antioxidant power. In conclusion, an appropriate SE can lead to a more efficient extraction of phenolics and improvement of antioxidant activity in mung beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fachun Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
| | - Chunyu Hou
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan China
| | - Kaiyun Luo
- College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and In-depth Development in Hunan Province Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
| | - Anwei Cheng
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan China.,College of Food Science and Technology/Engineering Center of Rapeseed Oil Nutrition Health and In-depth Development in Hunan Province Hunan Agricultural University Changsha China
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Leung WC, Lo R, Teoh JYC, Cheng A, Wong MCS, Leung GKK. Well-being of Academy Fellows and specialty trainees: what is the problem? Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:324-325. [PMID: 34607971 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj215123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W C Leung
- Honorary Secretary, Hong Kong Academy of Medicine
| | - R Lo
- Honorary Advisor, Task Force on Well-being, Hong Kong Academy of Medicine
| | - J Y C Teoh
- Chair, Young Fellows Chapter, Hong Kong Academy of Medicine
| | - A Cheng
- Chief Executive Officer, Hong Kong Academy of Medicine
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Lynch N, Liau I, Cheng A, Duke P. Rehabilitation of severe hereditary gingival hyperplasia with virtual surgical planning and computer-assisted surgery. Advances in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adoms.2021.100095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Wong H, Lim F, Cheng A. PO-1174 3-weekly paclitaxel-carboplatin with radiation for stage III NSCLC – option during COVID-19 pandemic. Radiother Oncol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8629141 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07625-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Punjabi A, Barrett E, Cheng A, Mulla A, Walls G, Johnston D, McAleese J, Moore K, Hicks J, Blyth K, Denholm M, Magee L, Gilligan D, Silverman S, Qureshi M, Clinch H, Hatton M, Philipps L, Brown S, O'Brien M, McDonald F, Faivre-Finn C, Hiley C, Evison M. Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio and Absolute Lymphocyte Count as Prognostic Markers in Patients Treated with Curative-intent Radiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 33:e331-e338. [PMID: 33863615 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) have been proposed as prognostic markers in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The objective of this study was to examine the association of NLR/ALC before and after curative-intent radiotherapy for NSCLC on disease recurrence and overall survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of consecutive patients who underwent curative-intent radiotherapy for NSCLC across nine sites in the UK from 1 October 2014 to 1 October 2016. A multivariate analysis was carried out to assess the ability of pre-treatment NLR/ALC, post-treatment NLR/ALC and change in NLR/ALC, adjusted for confounding factors using the Cox proportional hazards model, to predict disease recurrence and overall survival within 2 years of treatment. RESULTS In total, 425 patients were identified with complete blood parameter values. None of the NLR/ALC parameters were independent predictors of disease recurrence. Higher pre-NLR, post-NLR and change in NLR plus lower post-ALC were all independent predictors of worse survival. Receiver operator curve analysis found a pre-NLR > 2.5 (odds ratio 1.71, 95% confidence interval 1.06-2.79, P < 0.05), a post-NLR > 5.5 (odds ratio 2.36, 95% confidence interval 1.49-3.76, P < 0.001), a change in NLR >3.6 (odds ratio 2.41, 95% confidence interval 1.5-3.91, P < 0.001) and a post-ALC < 0.8 (odds ratio 2.86, 95% confidence interval 1.76-4.69, P < 0.001) optimally predicted poor overall survival on both univariate and multivariate analysis when adjusted for confounding factors. Median overall survival for the high-versus low-risk groups were: pre-NLR 770 versus 1009 days (P = 0.34), post-NLR 596 versus 1287 days (P ≤ 0.001), change in NLR 553 versus 1214 days (P ≤ 0.001) and post-ALC 594 versus 1287 days (P ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSION NLR and ALC, surrogate markers for systemic inflammation, have prognostic value in NSCLC patients treated with curative-intent radiotherapy. These simple and readily available parameters may have a future role in risk stratification post-treatment to inform the intensity of surveillance protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Punjabi
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - E Barrett
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Cheng
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Mulla
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - G Walls
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - D Johnston
- Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast, UK
| | - J McAleese
- Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast, UK
| | - K Moore
- NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Hicks
- NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Blyth
- NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Denholm
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - L Magee
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Gilligan
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Silverman
- University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Qureshi
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - H Clinch
- The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - M Hatton
- Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - S Brown
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - C Faivre-Finn
- The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - C Hiley
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - M Evison
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
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Hiley C, Punjabi A, Barrett E, Cheng A, Mulla A, Walls G, Johnston D, McAleese J, Moore K, Hicks J, Blyth K, Denholm M, Magee L, Gilligan D, Silverman S, Qureshi M, Clinch H, Hatton M, Philips L, Brown S, O’Brien M, Macdonald F, Faivre-Finn C, Evison M. PH-0274 NLR & ALC as prognostic markers in patients treated with curative intent radiotherapy for NSCLC. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07289-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Li D, Cheng A, Lim H, Llovet J, Zhu Y, Hatogai K, Siegel A, Kudo M. P-135 Pembrolizumab/quavonlimab coformulation in combination with lenvatinib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Phase 2 trial in progress. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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16
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Chen S, Lai H, Tsou H, Shao Y, Chang C, Su T, Liu T, Chen L, Cheng A, Hsu C. P-126 Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic hepatitis B virus infection with high viral load. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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17
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Cheng A, Eppich W, Epps C, Kolbe M, Meguerdichian M, Grant V. Embracing informed learner self-assessment during debriefing: the art of plus-delta. Adv Simul (Lond) 2021; 6:22. [PMID: 34090514 PMCID: PMC8180042 DOI: 10.1186/s41077-021-00173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The healthcare simulation field has no shortage of debriefing options. Some demand considerable skill which serves as a barrier to more widespread implementation. The plus-delta approach to debriefing offers the advantages of conceptual simplicity and ease of implementation. Importantly, plus-delta promotes learners' capacity for a self-assessment, a skill vital for safe clinical practice and yet a notorious deficiency in professional practice. The plus-delta approach confers the benefits of promoting uptake of debriefing in time-limited settings by educators with both fundamental but also advanced skills, and enhancing essential capacity for critical self-assessment informed by objective performance feedback. In this paper, we describe the role of plus-delta in debriefing, provide guidance for incorporating informed learner self-assessment into debriefings, and highlight four opportunities for improving the art of the plus delta: (a) exploring the big picture vs. specific performance issues, (b) choosing between single vs. double-barreled questions, (c) unpacking positive performance, and (d) managing perception mismatches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Cheng
- KidSIM Simulation Program, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive NW, Calgary, T3B 6A8 Canada
| | - W. Eppich
- RSCI SIM Centre for Simulation Education and Research RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C. Epps
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Interprofessional Education, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA
| | - M. Kolbe
- Simulation Center, UniversitatsSpital Zurich, Ramistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M. Meguerdichian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, NYC Health + Hospitals/Harlem, NYC Health + Hospitals/Simulation Center, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - V. Grant
- KidSIM Simulation Program, Alberta Children’s Hospital, Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive NW, Calgary, T3B 6A8 Canada
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18
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Ablatt S, Wang X, Sahil S, Cheng A, Kirchhoff-Rowald A, Shepherd J, Sutkin G. 50 Reoperation rates of stress incontinence surgery in rural versus urban hospitals. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2021.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Vogel A, Zhu A, Cheng A, Yau T, Zhou J, Kim E, Malhotra U, Siegel A, Kudo M. Abstract No. 210 KEYNOTE-937 trial in progress: adjuvant pembrolizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma and complete radiologic response after surgical resection or local ablation. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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20
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Sangro B, Harding J, Johnson M, Palmer D, Edeline J, Abou-Alfa G, Cheng A, Decaens T, El-Khoueiry A, Finn R, Galle P, Park J, Yau T, Begic D, Shen Y, Neely J, Sama A, Kudo M. Abstract No. 117 A phase 3, double-blind, randomized study of nivolumab and Ipilimumab), nivolumab monotherapy, or placebo plus transarterial chemoembolization in patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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21
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Evison M, Barrett E, Cheng A, Mulla A, Walls G, Johnston D, McAleese J, Moore K, Hicks J, Blyth K, Denholm M, Magee L, Gilligan D, Silverman S, Hiley C, Qureshi M, Clinch H, Hatton M, Philipps L, Brown S, O'Brien M, McDonald F, Faivre-Finn C. Predicting the Risk of Disease Recurrence and Death Following Curative-intent Radiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: The Development and Validation of Two Scoring Systems From a Large Multicentre UK Cohort. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2021; 33:145-154. [PMID: 32978027 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There is a paucity of evidence on which to produce recommendations on neither the clinical nor the imaging follow-up of lung cancer patients after curative-intent radiotherapy. In the 2019 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence lung cancer guidelines, further research into risk-stratification models to inform follow-up protocols was recommended. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective study of consecutive patients undergoing curative-intent radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer from 1 October 2014 to 1 October 2016 across nine UK trusts was carried out. Twenty-two demographic, clinical and treatment-related variables were collected and multivariable logistic regression was used to develop and validate two risk-stratification models to determine the risk of disease recurrence and death. RESULTS In total, 898 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 72 years, 63% (562/898) had a good performance status (0-1) and 43% (388/898), 15% (134/898) and 42% (376/898) were clinical stage I, II and III, respectively. Thirty-six per cent (322/898) suffered disease recurrence and 41% (369/898) died in the first 2 years after radiotherapy. The ASSENT score (age, performance status, smoking status, staging endobronchial ultrasound, N-stage, T-stage) was developed, which stratifies the risk for disease recurrence within 2 years, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for the total score of 0.712 (0.671-0.753) and 0.72 (0.65-0.789) in the derivation and validation sets, respectively. The STEPS score (sex, performance status, staging endobronchial ultrasound, T-stage, N-stage) was developed, which stratifies the risk of death within 2 years, with an AUROC for the total score of 0.625 (0.581-0.669) and 0.607 (0.53-0.684) in the derivation and validation sets, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These validated risk-stratification models could be used to inform follow-up protocols after curative-intent radiotherapy for lung cancer. The modest performance highlights the need for more advanced risk prediction tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Evison
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - E Barrett
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Cheng
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Mulla
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - G Walls
- Northern Ireland Cancer Centre, Belfast, UK
| | - D Johnston
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - J McAleese
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK
| | - K Moore
- NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Hicks
- NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - K Blyth
- NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Denholm
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - L Magee
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Gilligan
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Silverman
- University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - C Hiley
- CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | | | - H Clinch
- The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - M Hatton
- Weston Park Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - S Brown
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - C Faivre-Finn
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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22
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Baker O, Cheng A, Barker H, Grogono D, Johnson C, Haworth C, Hill S, Hill. U. P165 Improvement in antibiotic usage and ppFEV1 with compassionate use of elexacaftor, tezacaftor and ivacaftor (ETI) for patients with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(21)01191-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Lovelock T, Cheng A, Doi A, Zimmet A, Gooi J, Fitzgerald M. Blunt bronchial injury management with veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation providing a peri-operative 'survival bridge'. Trauma Case Rep 2020; 31:100388. [PMID: 33364296 PMCID: PMC7750647 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2020.100388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Lovelock
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - A Cheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - A Doi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - A Zimmet
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - J Gooi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - M Fitzgerald
- Trauma Service, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
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Mesfin Y, Buttery J, Cheng A. The utility of telephone helpline data for real-time syndromic surveillance of adverse events following immunization: Retrospective evaluation. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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25
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Cha Y, Metzl M, Canby R, Fruechte E, Duggal M, Exner D, Chung E, Singh J, O'Donnell D, Zimmerman P, Landman S, Lexcen D, Laager V, Schaber D, Cheng A. RV Pacing Percentage. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Chronic right ventricular pacing (RVP) has been associated with dyssynchrony, leading to increased mortality. However, there have been discrepancies in previous reports in the effect of RVP levels.
Objective
To sub-stratify mortality risk by age for different RVP level groups within a large real-world ICD cohort.
Methods
Optum® de-identified electronic health records were linked to the Medtronic Carelink data to identify dual chamber ICD recipients (2007–2017). RVP level was based on median daily pacing during the first 90 days post-implant and categorized either into groups with a cutoff of 40%, or with groups of 0–9%, 10–19%, 20–29%, 30–39%, 40–49%, and 50–100%. The endpoint was death more than 90 days post-implant. Kaplan-Meier survival curves, log-rank tests, and Cox regression were used to analyze the relationship between RVP and risk of death.
Results
Among 14,832 ICD patients (median age 67; 74.0% male), there were 2,602 deaths within 10 years after implant. In unadjusted comparisons, high RVP (>40%) increased the risk of death relative to low RVP (≤40%) (p<0.001). This effect remained significant in older cohort (≥67 years old at implant) (p<0.001), but not in younger cohort (<67 years old) (p=0.955) (Figure). After controlling for age, gender, pacing mode, MI, SCA, HF hospitalization, diabetes, and renal dysfunction, similar or increased risk was associated with higher pacing groups relative to the 0–9% pacing group in the older cohort, but not in the younger cohort.
Conclusions
Our data from a large contemporaneous real-world source suggests that older age or characteristics associated with age make patients more sensitive to chronic RVP effects. These results help reconcile differences observed in prior studies.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Medtronic, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y.M Cha
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, United States of America
| | - M.D Metzl
- Evanston Hospital Northshore, Evanston, United States of America
| | - R.C Canby
- Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Research, Austin, United States of America
| | - E.M Fruechte
- North Memorial Heart and Vascular Institute, Robbinsdale, United States of America
| | - M Duggal
- Advocate Christ Medical Center, Oak Lawn, United States of America
| | - D.V Exner
- University of Calgary, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, Calgary, Canada
| | - E.S Chung
- The Christ Hospital, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - J.P Singh
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States of America
| | | | - P Zimmerman
- Medtronic, Inc., Mounds View, United States of America
| | - S Landman
- Medtronic, Inc., Mounds View, United States of America
| | - D.R Lexcen
- Medtronic, Inc., Mounds View, United States of America
| | - V Laager
- Medtronic, Inc., Mounds View, United States of America
| | - D Schaber
- Medtronic, Inc., Mounds View, United States of America
| | - A Cheng
- Medtronic, Inc., Mounds View, United States of America
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Schnaubelt S, Monsieurs KG, Semeraro F, Schlieber J, Cheng A, Bigham BL, Garg R, Finn JC, Greif R. Clinical outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in low-resource settings - A scoping review. Resuscitation 2020; 156:137-145. [PMID: 32920113 DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.08.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE SCOPING REVIEW Scientific recommendations on resuscitation are typically formulated from the perspective of an ideal resource environment, with little consideration of applicability in lower-income countries. We aimed to determine clinical outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in low-resource countries, to identify shortcomings related to resuscitation in these areas and possible solutions, and to suggest future research priorities. DATA SOURCES This scoping review was part of the continuous evidence evaluation process of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR), and was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. We identified low-resource countries as countries with a low- or middle gross national income per capita (World Bank data). We performed a literature search on outcomes after OHCA in these countries, and we extracted data on the outcome. We applied descriptive statistics and conducted a post-hoc correlation analysis of cohort size and ROSC rates. RESULTS We defined 24 eligible studies originating from middle-income countries, but none from low-income regions, suggesting a reporting bias. The number of reported patients in these studies ranged from 54 to 3214. Utstein-style reporting was rarely used. Return of spontaneous circulation varied from 0% to 62%. Fifteen studies reported on survival to hospital discharge (between 1.0 and 16.7%) or favourable neurological outcome (between 1.0 and 9.3%). An inverse correlation was found for study cohort size and the rate of return of spontaneous circulation (ρ = -0.48, p = 0.034). CONCLUSION Studies of OHCA outcomes in low-resource countries are heterogeneous and may be compromised by reporting bias. Minimum cardiopulmonary resuscitation standards for low-resource settings should be developed collaboratively involving local experts, respecting culture and context while balancing competing health priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schnaubelt
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
| | - K G Monsieurs
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital and University of Antwerp, Belgium
| | - F Semeraro
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and EMS, Maggiore Hospital Bologna, Italy
| | - J Schlieber
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Allgemeine Unfallversicherungsanstalt, Trauma Centre Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - A Cheng
- Departments of Paediatrics and Emergency Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - B L Bigham
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, USA
| | - R Garg
- Department of Onco-Anaesthesia and Palliative Medicine, Dr Braich, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - J C Finn
- Prehospital, Resuscitation and Emergency Care Research Unit (PRECRU), School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - R Greif
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland; School of Medicine, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Jiang B, Zhang W, Liu P, Yang C, Wang M, Jia R, Zhu D, Liu M, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhao X, Cheng A, Chen S. The prokaryotic expression, polyclonal antibody preparation, and subcellular localization of the transmembrane protein NS2A of the duck Tembusu virus. Acta Virol 2020; 64:380-385. [PMID: 32985208 DOI: 10.4149/av_2020_308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA arbovirus, belonging to the genus Flavivirus, the family Flaviviridae. As a transmembrane protein, non-structural protein 2A (NS2A) plays an important role in virion assembly, replication complex and antagonizing host immune response. Since NS2A protein contains many hydrophobic amino acids, it is hard to gain the full-length protein of NS2A for prokaryotic expression. Therefore, to make a deep study, prokaryotic expression and polyclonal antibody preparation of truncated DTMUV NS2A was performed. The truncated NS2A gene (178-450 bp) was obtained, and sub-cloned into the prokaryotic vector pGEX-4T-1 (pGEX-4T-1-NS2A178-450bp). Subsequently, the recombinant GST-NS2A60-150aa protein was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) with the induction by 0.3 mmol/l isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) for 6 h at 37°C. The GST-NS2A60-150aa protein was extracted from the gel. The BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified recombinant NS2A protein to prepare polyclonal antibodies against the truncated NS2A protein. The titer of the polyclonal antibodies, determined by ELISA analysis, was 1:128,000. The specificity of the polyclonal antibodies (mPAb-DTMUV-NS2A60-150aa) were verified by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, the indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) was performed to explore the subcellular localization of NS2A. NS2A protein was, in the transfected cells, located mainly around nucleus in the endoplasmatic reticulum. Taken together, our study provided a useful tool for the further exploration of the biological functions and molecular mechanism of DTMUV NS2A. Keywords: duck Tembusu virus; non-structural protein 2A; prokaryotic expression; polyclonal antibodies; subcellular location.
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Cheng A, Yip E, Tsang J, Chan P, Choi A, Yiu B, Kam J, Young G, So K, Zuo Z, Cheung Y, Zhou K, Lam T. PCN10 ORAL H2RA for Taxane Hypersensitivity Prevention: A Pharmacokinetic-Guided Decision. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Cheng A, Hou C, Sun J, Wan F. Effect of steam explosion on phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity in adzuki beans. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:4495-4503. [PMID: 32399976 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Steam explosion is increasingly being used in the food processing industry as an efficient pretreatment technology. It is currently being used to pretreat adzuki beans at a pressure of 0.25-1.0 Mpa for 30 s and 90 s. In this study, the total polyphenol (TP) content in adzuki beans, including free polyphenols (FP) and bound polyphenols (BP), and their antioxidant activity, were determined after steam explosion treatment. RESULTS The results showed that steam explosion can form large cavities and intercellular spaces, which aid the release of polyphenols. After steam explosion, the FP, BP, and TP content increased. The antioxidant capacity of FP and BP also increased, which demonstrated that there was a positive correlation between the polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity. Compounds of FP and BP were further identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Protocatechin was the main ingredient in FP and BP, and protocatechin was higher in FP. Isoquercetin only exists in FP, and caffeic acid only in BP. After steam explosion, an increase in the protocatechin, catechin, and epicatechin content was detected in FP and BP. The phenolic compound and antioxidant capacity yield was increased at a pressure of 0.25-0.75 Mpa, however it decreased at 1.0 Mpa. A pressure of 0.75 Mpa for 90 s is the optimal condition for polyphenol separation in adzuki beans. CONCLUSION A proper and reasonable steam explosion can effectively increase the release of phenolics and enhance the antioxidant capacity in adzuki beans. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwei Cheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyu Hou
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jinyue Sun
- Institute of Agro-Food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Fachun Wan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
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Conley A, Demetri G, Doebele R, Drilon A, Paz-Ares L, Cassier P, Siena S, Ahn MJ, Buchschacher G, Seto T, Chee C, Krzakowski M, Ou SH, Grohé C, Zagonel V, Spira A, Cheng A, Kapre A, Piault E, Rolfo C. 539P Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from patients (Pts) with NTRK fusion-positive (NTRK-fp) solid tumours receiving entrectinib in the global phase II STARTRK-2 study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Sangro B, Park J, Finn R, Cheng A, Mathurin P, Edeline J, Kudo M, Han K, Harding J, Merle P, Rosmorduc O, Wyrwicz L, Schott E, Choo S, Kelley R, Begic D, Chen G, Neely J, Tschaika M, Yau T. LBA-3 CheckMate 459: Long-term (minimum follow-up 33.6 months) survival outcomes with nivolumab versus sorafenib as first-line treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Guo X, Wang X, Wang Q, Liu C, Zhang R, Cheng A, Sun J. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Borago officinalis Linn. ( Boraginaceae) and its phylogenetic analysis. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1741467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong, Province, Jinan, China
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xinkun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong, Province, Jinan, China
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong, Province, Jinan, China
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong, Province, Jinan, China
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruirui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong, Province, Jinan, China
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Anwei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong, Province, Jinan, China
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jinyue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Novel Food Resources Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing Technology of Shandong, Province, Jinan, China
- Institute of Agro-food Science and Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Grundy WM, Bird MK, Britt DT, Cook JC, Cruikshank DP, Howett CJA, Krijt S, Linscott IR, Olkin CB, Parker AH, Protopapa S, Ruaud M, Umurhan OM, Young LA, Dalle Ore CM, Kavelaars JJ, Keane JT, Pendleton YJ, Porter SB, Scipioni F, Spencer JR, Stern SA, Verbiscer AJ, Weaver HA, Binzel RP, Buie MW, Buratti BJ, Cheng A, Earle AM, Elliott HA, Gabasova L, Gladstone GR, Hill ME, Horanyi M, Jennings DE, Lunsford AW, McComas DJ, McKinnon WB, McNutt RL, Moore JM, Parker JW, Quirico E, Reuter DC, Schenk PM, Schmitt B, Showalter MR, Singer KN, Weigle GE, Zangari AM. Color, composition, and thermal environment of Kuiper Belt object (486958) Arrokoth. Science 2020; 367:science.aay3705. [PMID: 32054693 DOI: 10.1126/science.aay3705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The outer Solar System object (486958) Arrokoth (provisional designation 2014 MU69) has been largely undisturbed since its formation. We studied its surface composition using data collected by the New Horizons spacecraft. Methanol ice is present along with organic material, which may have formed through irradiation of simple molecules. Water ice was not detected. This composition indicates hydrogenation of carbon monoxide-rich ice and/or energetic processing of methane condensed on water ice grains in the cold, outer edge of the early Solar System. There are only small regional variations in color and spectra across the surface, which suggests that Arrokoth formed from a homogeneous or well-mixed reservoir of solids. Microwave thermal emission from the winter night side is consistent with a mean brightness temperature of 29 ± 5 kelvin.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Grundy
- Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA. .,Department of Astronomy and Planetary Science, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - M K Bird
- Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, University of Bonn, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.,Rheinisches Institut für Umweltforschung, Universität zu Köln, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - D T Britt
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - J C Cook
- Pinhead Institute, Telluride, CO 81435, USA
| | | | - C J A Howett
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - S Krijt
- Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
| | | | - C B Olkin
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - A H Parker
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - S Protopapa
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - M Ruaud
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - O M Umurhan
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - L A Young
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - C M Dalle Ore
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - J J Kavelaars
- National Research Council, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - J T Keane
- California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Y J Pendleton
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - S B Porter
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - F Scipioni
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.,Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - J R Spencer
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - S A Stern
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - A J Verbiscer
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - H A Weaver
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - R P Binzel
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - M W Buie
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - B J Buratti
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, La Cañada Flintridge, CA 91011, USA
| | - A Cheng
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - A M Earle
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - H A Elliott
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - L Gabasova
- Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - G R Gladstone
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78238, USA
| | - M E Hill
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - M Horanyi
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - D E Jennings
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - A W Lunsford
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - D J McComas
- Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | | | - R L McNutt
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD 20723, USA
| | - J M Moore
- NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
| | - J W Parker
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - E Quirico
- Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - D C Reuter
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - P M Schenk
- Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, TX 77058, USA
| | - B Schmitt
- Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - M R Showalter
- Carl Sagan Center, SETI Institute, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
| | - K N Singer
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
| | - G E Weigle
- Big Head Endian LLC, Leawood, KS 67019, USA
| | - A M Zangari
- Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA
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Enero R, Obillos S, Yao P, Dizon E, Choa V, Go L, Cheng A, Carreon A. P1445 DORv and window: a case of an uncorrected double outlet right ventricle with d-transposition of great arteries with concomitant aortopulmonary window in a 31-year-old female. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez319.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
none
Double outlet right ventricle (DORV) is a rare type of ventriculo-arterial connection occurring in about 1-3% of congenital heart defects. Moreover, transposition of the great arteries, wherein the aorta is anterior and to the right of the pulmonary artery (D-TGA), accounts for only 26% of cases of DORV. An aortopulmonary window, on the other hand, represents approximately only 0.2% of all congenital cardiac lesions. A case of DORV with D-TGA and pulmonary stenosis with a concomitant aortopulmonary window has never been reported, particularly in an adult in the third decade of life and without any history of surgical repair.
We present the case of a 31-year-old female who had sought consult for left-sided weakness. On physical examination, a grade IV/VI systolic murmur was heard at the left anterior chest and cyanosis of the digits of the upper and lower extremities were noted. Transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a non-restrictive ventricular septal defect (VSD) and segmental approach showed atrial and visceral situs solitus, levocardia, and atrioventricular concordance. However, there was ventriculoarterial discordance with fusiform aneurysmal dilatation of the aorta, which was noted to be at the right of and anterior to the pulmonary artery. Both great vessels arose from the right ventricle. Other echocardiographic findings included dilated right atrium, dilated and hypertrophied right ventricle with volume and pressure overload, global left ventricular hypokinesia with mild systolic dysfunction, and moderate to severe aortic regurgitation. The above complex congenital anomalies were confirmed via transesophageal echocardiogram and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Furthermore, pulmonary valve stenosis and aortopulmonary window, that was 3.5 centimeters in length located at the level of the proximal ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery, were seen on the MRI.
Various cardiac imaging modalities aided in cinching the diagnosis for this very rare complex congenital case in an adult reaching the third decade of life. Palliative care was deemed best for this patient due to the severity of her cardiac condition.
Abstract P1445 Figure 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Enero
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Manila, Philippines
| | - S Obillos
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Manila, Philippines
| | - P Yao
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Manila, Philippines
| | - E Dizon
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Manila, Philippines
| | - V Choa
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Manila, Philippines
| | - L Go
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Manila, Philippines
| | - A Cheng
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Manila, Philippines
| | - A Carreon
- Cardinal Santos Medical Center, Manila, Philippines
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Pandit C, Pellen G, Waters K, Fitzgerald D, Cheng A. Use of non-invasive ventilation in children with congenital tracheal stenosis: a 10-year retrospective review. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Han J, Liau I, Bayetto K, May B, Goss A, Sambrook P, Cheng A. The financial burden of acute odontogenic infections: the South Australian experience. Aust Dent J 2019; 65:39-45. [PMID: 31618789 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute odontogenic infections are a common surgical emergency managed by public hospitals in Australia which cause considerable patient morbidity and occasionally, mortality. Despite posing a significant public health burden, Australian data evaluating the cost of the management of these patients are lacking. This study assessed the patient and treatment variables associated with inpatient management of deep odontogenic infections, and their respective financial impact, at a statewide Oral & Maxillofacial service. METHODS A retrospective audit was carried out of patients with deep odontogenic infections at our institution, over a 7-year period. The primary outcome was the total cost of admission. Secondary outcomes included treatment received, operating room time, return-to-theatre, length of admission (LOS), and intensive care unit (ICU) use. Cost variables were assessed against the total LOS and ICU use to determine clinical predictors affecting outcome. RESULTS Four hundred and sixty two patients met the inclusion criteria. The average cost per patient was $12 228 Australian Dollars. After multivariate analysis, variables most significantly associated with increased cost of care and LOS were high-risk infections with airway compromise, high admission white cell count and age. CONCLUSION Hospital-based management of deep-space odontogenic infections engender significant costs compared to early primary care intervention such as a dental extraction ($181/extraction).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Han
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - I Liau
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K Bayetto
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - B May
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - A Goss
- School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - P Sambrook
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - A Cheng
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Ghosh-Swaby OR, Goodman SG, Leiter LA, Cheng A, Connelly K, Fitchett D, Juni P, Farkouh ME, Udell JA. 4113Glucose lowering drugs or strategies, major adverse cardiovascular events and heart failure outcomes, and association with weight loss - meta-analysis of large cardiovascular outcome trials. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Glucose lowering drugs or strategies (GLDS) have varied effects on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and heart failure (HF) in cardiovascular outcomes trials. Mechanisms driving cardiovascular risk reduction remain elusive.
Methods
We searched MEDLINE, PubMed, and meeting abstracts up to 11/21/2018 for large GLDS cardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) in patients with or at risk for type 2 diabetes. Primary endpoints of MACE and HF were evaluated with random effects risk ratios (RR) and explored by baseline CVD subgroups and meta-regression by weight change across treatment arms.
Results
In 27 GLDS CVOTs, a total 207,820 patients, median age 63 years, 64% male, 64% CVD and 11% with prior HF were studied over a mean 3.8 years with 20,118 (10%) patients having MACE and 7,212 (4%) a HF event. Compared with standard care, GLDS overall lowered MACE (RR 0.92, P<0.ehz745.01171) but not HF (RR 1.01, P=0.91). Across GLDS, the magnitude and directionality varied modestly for MACE RR (P-int=0.07) but markedly for HF (P-int<0.ehz745.01171). Meta-regression showed a change in HF RR by 6% (95% CI 3%-9%) per 1 kg weight gain/loss between treatment arms (P=0.0006; Figure). In 9 trials of GLDS that achieved marked weight loss (lifestyle, GLP1 agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors), MACE benefit was confined to patients with baseline CVD (RR 0.89 [0.84–0.95] versus without (RR 1.02 [0.91–1.15]; P-int=0.01) with consistent HF effect (RR 0.80 [0.72–0.88] vs RR 0.76 [0.56–1.03]; P-int=0.74).
Heart Failure Risk and Changes in Weight
Conclusion
HF outcomes were improved with GLDS that lower weight. Among diabetes GLDS that lower weight, there was a robust risk reduction in atherothrombotic and heart failure events, with the MACE benefit confined to patients with established CVD.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Heart and Stroke Foundation
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S G Goodman
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - L A Leiter
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Cheng
- University of Toronto, Endocrinology, Toronto, Canada
| | - K Connelly
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - D Fitchett
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - P Juni
- St. Michael's Hospital, Cardiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - M E Farkouh
- UHN - University of Toronto, Peter Munk Cardiac Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - J A Udell
- Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, Peter Munk Cardiac Institute, Toronto, Canada
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Garg A, Koneru JN, Fagan D, Stromberg K, El-Chami MF, Piccini JP, Roberts PR, Soejima K, Cheng A, Ellenbogen KA. 5970Morbidity and mortality in patients precluded for transvenous pacemaker implantation: experience with the Micra transcatheter pacemaker. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Micra transcatheter pacemaker has proven to be a safe and effective alternative to transvenous pacemakers (TVPs). However, the safety profile after Micra implantation in patients deemed poor candidates for TVPs is poorly understood.
Purpose
To evaluate the safety and all-cause mortality outcomes in Micra recipients stratified by whether or not they were precluded for therapy with TVP.
Methods
Micra patients from the Micra Transcatheter Pacing (IDE) Study, Continued Access (CA) study, and Post-Approval Registry (PAR) were divided into groups based upon whether or not the implanting physician considered the patient to be precluded from receiving a transvenous pacing system. All-cause mortality was compared between the Micra patient groups and patients receiving a single-chamber transvenous pacing system (SC-TVP) since 2010 from the Medtronic product surveillance registry using univariate and multivariate Cox models.
Results
Among 2,819 patients who underwent a Micra implant attempt, the overall major complication rate through 24 months was 3.5%. In these patients, 548 were deemed precluded from TVP implantation. Prior device infection or bacteremia (38.9%), venous access issues (36.1%) and thrombosis (10.2%) were amongst the most common causes of preclusion for TVP implantation. These patients were younger (71.7 vs. 76.7 years), more frequently on hemodialysis (26.3% vs. 2.5%), and more often had a prior CIED implanted (38.4% vs. 4.4%) than non-precluded patients. Over an average follow-up of 13.5±11.1 months, all-cause mortality was significantly higher in precluded Micra patients compared with SC-TVP patients (HR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.54–3.2, P<0.001) (Figure 1). However, there was no significant difference in all-cause mortality when comparing non-precluded Micra patients and SC-TVP patients (HR: 1.12, 95% CI: 0.86–1.44, P=0.401). Acute all-cause death (within 1 month) among Micra patients was 2.74% and 1.32% in the precluded and non-precluded TVP groups, respectively. The procedure-related death rate was 0.55% for the TVP precluded group and 0.13% for the not precluded group (P=0.092). The major complication rate through 24-months was similar between the two Micra groups (4.0% vs 3.4%, P=0.630).
All-cause mortality for Micra and SC-TVP
Conclusion
The overall safety profile of Micra remains is in line with previously reported data. All-cause mortality risk (both acute and long term) appears to be higher in patients who were precluded from receiving TVP.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Supported by Medtronic
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Affiliation(s)
- A Garg
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States of America
| | - J N Koneru
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States of America
| | - D Fagan
- Medtronic, Mounds View, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - K Stromberg
- Medtronic, Mounds View, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - M F El-Chami
- Emory University, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - J P Piccini
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, United States of America
| | - P R Roberts
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - A Cheng
- Medtronic, Mounds View, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - K A Ellenbogen
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, United States of America
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Spencer S, Goss A, Cheng A, Stein B, Sambrook P. Mandibular advancement splints for obstructive sleep apnoea – a cautionary tale. Aust Dent J 2019; 64:359-364. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Spencer
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - A Goss
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - A Cheng
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - B Stein
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - P Sambrook
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit of South Australia Adelaide South Australia Australia
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Rimassa L, Cheng A, Braiteh F, Benzaghou F, Hazra S, Borgman A, Sinha R, Kayali Z, Zhu A, Kelley R. Phase 3 (COSMIC-312) study of cabozantinib in combination with atezolizumab vs sorafenib in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC) who have not received previous systemic anticancer therapy. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Knox J, Cheng A, Cleary S, Galle P, Kokudo N, Lencioni R, Park J, Zhou J, Mann H, Morgan S, Liu X, Chin S, Vlahovic G, Fan J. A phase 3 study of durvalumab with or without bevacizumab as adjuvant therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma at high risk of recurrence after curative hepatic resection or ablation: EMERALD-2. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Knox J, Cheng A, Cleary S, Galle P, Kokudo N, Lencioni R, Park J, Zhou J, Mann H, Morgan S, Liu X, Chin S, Vlahovic G, Fan J. A phase 3 study of durvalumab with or without bevacizumab as adjuvant therapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who are at high risk of recurrence after curative hepatic resection. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz155.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Miksad R, Cicin I, Chen Y, Klumpen H, Kim S, Lin Z, Youkstetter J, Sen S, Cheng A, Meyer T, Kelley R, Abou-Alfa G. Outcomes based on Albumin‐Bilirubin (ALBI) grade in the phase 3 CELESTIAL trial of cabozantinib versus placebo in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz154.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Luo X, Liu Y, Jia R, Shen H, Wang X, Wang M, Zhu D, Chen S, Liu M, Zhao X, Wu Y, Yang Q, Yin Z, Cheng A. Ultrastructure of duck Tembusu virus observed by electron microscopy with negative staining. Acta Virol 2019; 62:330-332. [PMID: 30160149 DOI: 10.4149/av_2018_227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a newly emerging enveloped flavivirus. This study shows the ultrastructure of DTMUV using viral purification, negative staining and electron microscopy. Electron microscopic examinations revealed mature DTMUV particles with 50 to 75 nm in diameter and typical enveloped flavivirus structure that consists of the internal nucleocapsid, an inner layer of lipid bilayer and an external layer of E glycoprotein ectodomain. Particles appear to be mostly spherical. In particular, RNA core is deep colored and dense, both capsid and lipid bilayer are clearly visible, the capsid forms regular hexagon, and E glycoprotein ectodomain forms a fringe instead of visible spikes. Thus, this report about the clear ultrastructure of the DTMUV particles will be the major driving forces behind structural biology of DTMUV.
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Zhang JY, He PJ, Cheng A, Zheng WW, Yang M. [Impact of hypoxia-reoxygenation environment on autophagy level of osteoblasts]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:844-849. [PMID: 30893729 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of hypoxia-reoxygenation environment on the level of autophagy in osteoblasts. Methods: Osteoblasts were purified from the skulls of newborn SD rats within 24-48 hours by tissue block adherence culture and differential centrifugation. The osteoblasts were identified by alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase staining. The third generation osteoblasts were cultured in normal state and randomly divided into four groups: group A was cultured under normal condition for 36 hours; group B was cultured under normal condition for 18 hours, then under hypoxia for 18 hours; group C was cultured under hypoxia for 36 hours; group D was cultured under hypoxia for 18 hours, and then under normal condition for 18 hours. The ability to form calcium nodules of osteoblasts in the four groups was observed after culture. The proliferation activity of osteoblasts was detected by CCK-8 assay. The expressions of autophagy specified gene Beclin 1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3(LC3) and collagen Ⅰ(COL-Ⅰ), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) genes were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and the protein expressions of Beclin 1, LC3-Ⅰ,LC3-Ⅱ and P62 were detected by immunoblotting. Results: Alizarin red staining showed that osteoblasts in group A had the strongest calcification ability, and calcification ability of osteoblasts in group B,C and D lowered gradually, and it was lowest in group D. The proliferative activity under the CCK-8 detection in group A, B, C and D was 98%±8%, 90%±8%,82%±9%,76%±8%, respectively (F=35.764, P=0.000). The mRNA expression of Beclin 1, LC3-Ⅱthe 4 groups increased gradurally (group D> group C> group B> group A)(F=38.327, 16.583, both P<0.05); and the mRNA expression of COL-Ⅰ, BMP-2 decreased gradually in the 4 groups (group A> group B> group C> group D) (F=20.387, 12.426, both P<0.05). The protein expression of Beclin 1,LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ increased gradually in the groups (group D>group C>group B>group A) (F=26.843, 28.576, bothP<0.05), and the expression of P62 protein decreased gradually (F=18.946, P=0.011). Conclusions: Hypoxia-reoxygenation environment can reduce the proliferation activity of osteoblasts and up-regulate the expression of autophagy-related genes in osteoblasts. Anoxic reoxygenation environment promotes the increasing of autophagy levels in osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Yijishan Hospital Affiliated to Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241001, China
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Cheng A, Levy M. Abstract OT2-10-01: Treatment burden and capacity to manage care among patients with breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-ot2-10-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Patients with breast cancer spend significant time1, effort, and financial resources2 to combat the disease for years after their diagnosis. The large volume of healthcare tasks can cause patients to become overburdened, leading to reduced adherence with care plans and worse outcomes3. On the other hand, certain patient characteristics such as physical resilience, financial well-being, and supportive family environments increase patients' capacity to manage care4. Assessing treatment burden and capacity when prescribing care has been applied to populations such as diabetes patients5. We are investigating this paradigm in treatment of patients with breast cancer. The goal of this preliminary study is to identify significant factors that contribute to treatment burden, capacity to manage care, and outcomes of overburden for patients with breast cancer.
Examples of treatment burden, capacity to manage care, and outcomes of overburden in patients with breast cancerTreatment burdenCapacity to manage careOutcomes of overburdenTraveling long distances for careAccess to reliable transportationReduced spending on food, utilities, or other necessitiesPaying for child care during chemotherapyFlexibility in informal caregivers' schedulesMissed appointment with medical oncologistRemembering to take medications with mealsMedical understanding or knowledgeWorse than expected side effectsReporting adverse eventsProficiency with mobile deviceTrip to emergency room
Through literature review, interviews with survivors, and expert panels of navigators and providers, we will develop a survey instrument given to patients at the time of diagnosis. The survey will assess patient capacity and help providers give treatment options based on attributes of the patient. Additionally, we will attempt to correlate survey results with treatment burden measures derived from electronic health record data at a population level1. With treatment personalized for patient capacity, patients should be better able to adhere to care plans leading to improved quality of life during treatment and beyond.
Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank Cheryl Jernigan, our patient advocate mentor, for her guidance in this project. We would also like to thank the Susan G. Komen Foundation for their support of this research.
References:
1. Cheng, A. C. & Levy, M. A. Data Driven Approach to Burden of Treatment Measurement: A Study of Patients with Breast Cancer. AMIA Annu. Symp. proceedings. AMIA Symp. 2016, 1756–1763 (2016).
2. Zafar, S. Y. et al. The financial toxicity of cancer treatment: a pilot study assessing out-of-pocket expenses and the insured cancer patient's experience. Oncologist. 18, 381–90 (2013).
3. Mair, F. S. & May, C. R. Thinking about the burden of treatment. BMJ. 349, g6680–g6680 (2014).
4. Boehmer, K. R., Shippee, N. D., Beebe, T. J. & Montori, V. M. Pursuing Minimally Disruptive Medicine: Correlation of patient capacity with disruption from illness and healthcare-related demands. J. Clin. Epidemiol. (2016).
5. Ishii, H. et al. Reproducibility and Validity of a Questionnaire Measuring Treatment Burden on Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Diabetic Treatment Burden Questionnaire (DTBQ). Diabetes Ther. 9, 1001–1019 (2018).
Citation Format: Cheng A, Levy M. Treatment burden and capacity to manage care among patients with breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-10-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cheng
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - M Levy
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
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Baclig NV, Ngo C, Yeh AC, Chung SH, Cheng A, Grim J, Graf SA, Yang KC. Steroid-Refractory Autoimmune Myocarditis after Pembrolizumab Therapy: Failure of Equine Anti-Thymocyte Globulin to Prevent Heart Failure. J Clin Case Rep 2019; 2:1-4. [PMID: 36712142 PMCID: PMC9881190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
While immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are improving outcomes for many cancers, they can have severe adverse effects. Though cardiac immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) are rare, they have considerable morbidity and mortality. Prior case studies have demonstrated successful treatment of ICI induced autoimmune myocarditis with a variety of immunosuppressive regimens. This case describes steroid-refractory autoimmune myocarditis after treatment with pembrolizumab. Treatment with equine anti-thymocyte globulin, a regimen previously documented to reverse ICI induced autoimmune myocarditis, temporarily improved clinical status and cardiac biomarkers, however eventually failed to prevent progression to heart failure and cardiovascular death. This case highlights the importance of early stress-dose steroids, identifies troponin as a potential marker of treatment response, and underscores the value of collaboration between oncology and cardiology for optimal management.
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Affiliation(s)
- NV Baclig
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA,Correspondence: Baclig NV, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 325 Ninth Ave, Seattle, WA, 98104-2420; USA. Tel: (847)-609-2487, Fax: (206) 744-1554l,
| | - C Ngo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA
| | - AC Yeh
- Division of Hematology, Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA
| | - SH Chung
- Department of Pharmacology, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, USA
| | - A Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA
| | - J Grim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA
| | - SA Graf
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA
| | - KC Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, USA
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Cheng A, Craig C, Summers Y, Taylor P, Califano R, Cove-Smith L, Woolf D, Duerden R, Sharman A, Lyons J, Crosbie P, Booton R, Evison M. Metachronous oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer: are we selecting the appropriate patients for radical treatment? Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tu M, Liu P, Liu F, Wang M, Jia R, Zhu D, Liu M, Sun K, Yang Q, Wu Y, Chen X, Cheng A, Chen S. Construction of expression vectors of capsid proteins from goose parvovirus and investigation of the immunogenicity. Acta Virol 2018; 62:415-423. [PMID: 30472872 DOI: 10.4149/av_2018_410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Goose parvovirus (GPV) is a highly contagious and lethal disease in goslings and Muscovy ducklings, and is of concern to the waterfowl industry. With the aim of comparing the cellular immunogenicity of three capsid proteins of GPV, plasmids of pcDNA3.1(+)-VP1, pcDNA3.1(+)-VP2, and pcDNA3.1(+)-VP3 were constructed, and the recombinant protein VPs were expressed using an eukaryotic expression system. We detected the levels of immune-related genes (CD4, CD8α, IL-1β, IL-6, IFNα, IFNγ, and IFNλ) in both goose embryo fibroblasts (GEF) and goose peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) cellular models. The immune response conferred by a VP2 DNA vaccine in vivo was observed in a time course. Our data suggested that the cellular immune response to VP2 and VP3 was stronger than that to VP1, while VP2 and VP3 shared similar cellular immune reactivity. In addition, vaccination with VP2 plasmid can induce high level of IgY antibody that continued to increase through 28 days post vaccination. Therefore, our findings shed light on the host cellular immune response against GPV capsid proteins. Keywords: GPV; capsid proteins; cellular immune response; humoral immunity.
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Cheng A, Simon H, Travers C, Hebbar K. 223 Evaluating the Clinical Respiratory Score for Initiating High Flow Nasal Cannula in the Pediatric Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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