1
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Sakr S, Inoue K, Mohamed A, Ahmed AA, ElFeky MG, Saleh GM, Kamar MS, Arae H, Aono T, Sahoo SK. Distribution of natural radionuclides in NORM samples from North Abu Rusheid area, Egypt. J Environ Radioact 2023; 266-267:107240. [PMID: 37418811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The North Abu Rusheid area in Egypt is a well-known high background natural radiation area (HBNRA) due to the existence of naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs) in mylonitic rocks. In this study, 27 rock samples were selected for dose estimation studies. 238U and 232Th were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and 40K was measured using sodium iodide (thallium) gamma-ray spectroscopy. The ranges of activity concentrations (Bq/kg) of 238U, 232Th and 40K in the samples varied from 270 ± 2 to 2120 ± 29, 350 ± 2 to 1840 ± 27 and 20 ± 2 to 1390 ± 35 with mean values of 980 ± 349, 770 ± 351, and 640 ± 402 Bq/kg, respectively. The radiological hazard parameters were estimated from activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K and compared to United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) values. The present study revealed that the hazard parameters were several times higher than the worldwide averages. The U/Th concentration ratio ranged from 0.7 to 3 and could be attributed to the presence of kasolite, uranothorite, zircon, and columbite in mylonitic rocks. From the radiological protection viewpoint, it is necessary to monitor natural radionuclides in these rocks prior to their use in residential and commercial construction materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sakr
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, 116-8551, Japan; Department of Physics, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt; National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - K Inoue
- Tokyo Metropolitan University, 7-2-10 Higashiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, 116-8551, Japan
| | - A Mohamed
- Department of Physics, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - A A Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - M G ElFeky
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - G M Saleh
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M S Kamar
- Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Cairo, Egypt
| | - H Arae
- National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - T Aono
- National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - S K Sahoo
- National Institutes for Quantum Sciences and Technology (QST), 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
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2
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Bello IS, Ahmed AA. Malaria: Burden and Challenges of Eradication. West Afr J Med 2023; 40:572-574. [PMID: 37384559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I S Bello
- Department of Family Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - A A Ahmed
- Department of Family Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
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3
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Ahmed AA, Strong MJ, Zhou X, Robinson T, Rocco S, Siegel GW, Clines GA, Moore BB, Keller ET, Szerlip NJ. Differential immune landscapes in appendicular versus axial skeleton. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267642. [PMID: 35476843 PMCID: PMC9045623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Roughly 400,000 people in the U.S. are living with bone metastases, the vast majority occurring in the spine. Metastases to the spine result in fractures, pain, paralysis, and significant health care costs. This predilection for cancer to metastasize to the bone is seen across most cancer histologies, with the greatest incidence seen in prostate, breast, and lung cancer. The molecular process involved in this predilection for axial versus appendicular skeleton is not fully understood, although it is likely that a combination of tumor and local micro-environmental factors plays a role. Immune cells are an important constituent of the bone marrow microenvironment and many of these cells have been shown to play a significant role in tumor growth and progression in soft tissue and bone disease. With this in mind, we sought to examine the differences in immune landscape between axial and appendicular bones in the normal noncancerous setting in order to obtain an understanding of these landscapes. To accomplish this, we utilized mass cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) to examine differences in the immune cell landscapes between the long bone and vertebral body bone marrow from patient clinical samples and C57BL/6J mice. We demonstrate significant differences between immune populations in both murine and human marrow with a predominance of myeloid progenitor cells in the spine. Additionally, cytokine analysis revealed differences in concentrations favoring a more myeloid enriched population of cells in the vertebral body bone marrow. These differences could have clinical implications with respect to the distribution and permissive growth of bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqila A. Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Michael J. Strong
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Tyler Robinson
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sabrina Rocco
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Geoffrey W. Siegel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Clines
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Bethany B. Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Evan T. Keller
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Nicholas J. Szerlip
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kaufmann CK, Ahmed AA, Kassem MK, Freynhofer MF, Jaeger BJ, Aicher GA, Equiluz-Bruck SE, Spiel AS, Vafai-Tabrizi FV, Gschwantler MG, Fasching PF, Wojta JW, Giannitsis EG, Huber KH. Improvement of outcome prediction of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 by a dual marker strategy using high-sensitive cardiac troponin I and copeptin. Eur Heart J 2021. [PMCID: PMC8767585 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has been associated with a high prevalence of myocardial injury and increased cardiovascular morbidity. Copeptin, a marker of vasopressin release, has been previously established as a risk marker in both infectious and cardiovascular disease. Purpose Investigate the prognostic impact of copeptin and high-sensitive cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) in COVID-19. Methods This prospective, observational study of patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection was conducted from June 6th to November 26th, 2020 in a tertiary care hospital. Copeptin and hs-cTnI levels on admission were collected and tested for their association with the primary composite endpoint of ICU admission or 28-day mortality. Results A total of 213 eligible patients with COVID-19 were included of whom 55 (25.8%) reached the primary endpoint. Median levels of copeptin and hs-cTnI at admission were significantly higher in patients with an adverse outcome (Copeptin 29.6 pmol/L, [IQR, 16.2–77.8] vs 17.2 pmol/L [IQR, 7.4–41.0] and hs-cTnI 22.8 ng/L [IQR, 11.5–97.5] vs 10.2 ng/L [5.5–23.1], P<0.001 respectively). ROC analysis demonstrated an optimal cut-off of 19.6 pmol/L for copeptin and 16.2 ng/L for hs-cTnI and an increase of either biomarker was significantly associated with the primary endpoint. The combination of raised hs-cTnI and copeptin yielded a superior prognostic value to individual measurement of biomarkers and was a strong prognostic marker upon multivariable logistic regression analysis (OR 4.274 [95% CI, 1.995–9.154], P<0.001). Addition of copeptin and hs-cTnI to established risk models improved C-statistics and net reclassification indices. Conclusion The combination of raised copeptin and hs-cTnI upon admission is an independent predictor of deterioration (ICU admission) or 28-day mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Bürgermeisterfond der Stadt WienLudwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular ResearchAssociation for the Promotion of Research on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ATVB)
Copeptin and hs-cTnI in COVID-19 ![]() Biomarker based risk assessment ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A A Ahmed
- Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A S Spiel
- Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - K H Huber
- Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Ahmed AA, Elmohr MM, Fuentes D, Habra MA, Fisher SB, Perrier ND, Zhang M, Elsayes KM. Radiomic mapping model for prediction of Ki-67 expression in adrenocortical carcinoma. Clin Radiol 2020; 75:479.e17-479.e22. [PMID: 32089260 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the value of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT)-derived radiomic features in the preoperative prediction of Ki-67 expression in adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) and to detect significant associations between radiomic features and Ki-67 expression in ACC. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this retrospective analysis, patients with histopathologically proven ACC were reviewed. Radiomic features were extracted for all patients from the preoperative contrast-enhanced abdominal CT images. Statistical analysis identified the radiomic features predicting the Ki-67 index in ACC and analysed the correlation with the Ki-67 index. RESULTS Fifty-three cases of ACC that met eligibility criteria were identified and analysed. Of the radiomic features analysed, 10 showed statistically significant differences between the high and low Ki-67 expression subgroups. Multivariate linear regression analysis yielded a predictive model showing a significant association between radiomic signature and Ki-67 expression status in ACC (R2=0.67, adjusted R2=0.462, p=0.002). Further analysis of the independent predictors showed statistically significant correlation between Ki-67 expression and shape flatness, elongation, and grey-level long run emphasis (p=0.002, 0.01, and 0.04, respectively). The area under the curve for identification of high Ki-67 expression status was 0.78 for shape flatness and 0.7 for shape elongation. CONCLUSION Radiomic features derived from preoperative contrast-enhanced CT images show encouraging results in the prediction of the Ki-67 index in patients with ACC. Morphological features, such as shape flatness and elongation, were superior to other radiomic features in the detection of high Ki-67 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M M Elmohr
- Department Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - D Fuentes
- Department Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M A Habra
- Department Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - S B Fisher
- Department Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - N D Perrier
- Department Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - M Zhang
- Department Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - K M Elsayes
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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6
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Azova MM, Ahmed AA, Ait Aissa A, Blagonravov ML. Association of DNMT3B and DNMN3L Gene Polymorphisms with Early Pregnancy Loss. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 167:475-478. [PMID: 31493261 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04553-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A total of 100 women with early pregnancy loss were recruited and further classified into two subgroups: sporadic pregnancy loss and recurrent pregnancy loss; each subgroup consisted of 50 women. The control group included 56 women with normal pregnancies. Genotyping was performed by PCR with restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. A statistically significant increase in the frequencies of TT genotype and T allele for DNMT3B rs2424913 polymorphism was found in the total patient group and in both patient subgroups in comparison with the control. Moreover, homozygous TT genotype was associated with increased risk of early pregnancy loss (both sporadic and recurrent). DNMT3B rs2424913 gene polymorphism in women can be used a marker of predisposition to early pregnancy loss and recurrent pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Azova
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A A Ahmed
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - A Ait Aissa
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Moscow, Russia
| | - M L Blagonravov
- V. A. Frolov Department of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
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7
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Elkoumi MA, Emam AA, Allah MAN, Sherif AH, Abdelaal NM, Mosabah A, Zakaria MT, Soliman MM, Salah A, Sedky YM, Mashali MH, Elashkar SSA, Hafez SFM, Hashem MIA, Elshreif AM, Youssef M, Fahmy DS, Sallam MM, Nawara AM, Elgohary EA, Ahmed AA, Fahim MS, Fawzi MM, Abdou AM, Morsi SS, Abo-Alella DA, Malek MM, Anany HG, Sobeih AA, Elbasyouni HAA, El-Deeb FM. Association of ficolin-2 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus in Egyptian children and adolescents: a multicenter study. Lupus 2019; 28:995-1002. [PMID: 31184250 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319856089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric-onset SLE (pSLE) is a multisystem autoimmune disease. Recently, the ficolin-2 (FCN2) gene has emerged as a potential candidate gene for susceptibility to SLE. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of the FCN2 gene polymorphisms at positions -986 (G/A), -602 (G/A), -4 (A/G) and SNP C/T (rs3124954) located in intron 1, with susceptibility to pSLE in Egyptian children and adolescents. METHODS This was a multicenter study of 280 patients diagnosed with pSLE, and 280 well-matched healthy controls. The FCN2 promoter polymorphisms at -986 G/A (rs3124952), -602 G/A (rs3124953), -4 A/G (rs17514136) and SNP C/T (rs3124954) located in intron 1 were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction, while serum ficolin-2 levels were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The frequencies of the FCN2 GG genotype and G allele at -986 and -602 positions were significantly more represented in patients with pSLE than in controls (p < 0.001). Conversely, the FCN2 AA genotype and A allele at position -4 were more common in patients than in controls (p < 0.001). Moreover, patients carrying the FCN2 GG genotype in -986 position were more likely to develop lupus nephritis (odds ratio: 2.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.4-4.78); p = 0.006). The FCN2 AA genotype at position -4 was also identified as a possible risk factor for lupus nephritis (odds ratio: 3.12 (95% confidence interval: 1.25-7.84); p = 0.024). CONCLUSION The FCN2 promoter polymorphisms may contribute to susceptibility to pSLE in Egyptian children and adolescents. Moreover, the FCN2 GG genotype at position -986 and AA genotype at position -4 were associated with low serum ficolin-2 levels and may constitute risk factors for lupus nephritis in pSLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Elkoumi
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A A Emam
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M A N Allah
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | | | - N M Abdelaal
- 2 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Egypt
| | - Aaa Mosabah
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M T Zakaria
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M M Soliman
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - A Salah
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Y M Sedky
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - M H Mashali
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - S S A Elashkar
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - S F M Hafez
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M I A Hashem
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A M Elshreif
- 4 Department of Pediatrics, Al Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maa Youssef
- 5 Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - D S Fahmy
- 5 Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M M Sallam
- 6 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A M Nawara
- 6 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - E A Elgohary
- 6 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A A Ahmed
- 7 Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M S Fahim
- 8 Department of Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Egypt
| | - M M Fawzi
- 9 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A M Abdou
- 10 Department of Clinical Pathology, Al Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S S Morsi
- 11 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - D A Abo-Alella
- 11 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - M M Malek
- 11 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - H G Anany
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - A A Sobeih
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - H A A Elbasyouni
- 12 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - F M El-Deeb
- 13 Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
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8
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Ahmed AA, Robinson T, Palande M, Escara-Wilke J, Dai J, Keller ET. Targeted Notch1 inhibition with a Notch1 antibody, OMP-A2G1, decreases tumor growth in two murine models of prostate cancer in association with differing patterns of DNA damage response gene expression. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16946-16955. [PMID: 31099068 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Notch plays a protumorigenic role in many cancers including prostate cancer (PCa). Global notch inhibition of multiple Notch family members using γ-secretase inhibitors has shown efficacy in suppressing PCa growth in murine models. However, global Notch inhibition is associated with marked toxicity due to the widespread function of many different Notch family members in normal cell physiology. Accordingly, in the current study, we explored if specific inhibition of Notch1 would effectively inhibit PCa growth in a murine model. The androgen-dependent VCaP and androgen-independent DU145 cell lines were injected subcutaneously into mice. The mice were treated with either control antibody 1B7.11, anti-Notch1 antibody (OMP-A2G1), docetaxel or the combination of OMP-A2G1 and docetaxel. Tumor growth was measured using calipers. At the end of the study, tumors were assessed for proliferative response, apoptotic response, Notch target gene expression, and DNA damage response (DDR) expression. OMP-A2G1 alone inhibited tumor growth of both PCa cell lines to a greater extent than docetaxel alone. There was no additive or synergistic effect of OMP-A2G1 and docetaxel. The primary toxicity was weight loss that was controlled with dietary supplementation. Proliferation and apoptosis were affected differentially in the two cell lines. OMP-A2G1 increased expression of the DDR gene GADD45α in VCaP cells but downregulated GADD45α in Du145 cells. Taken together, these data show that Notch1 inhibition decreases PCa xenograft growth but does so through different mechanisms in the androgen-dependent VCaP cell line vs the androgen-independent DU145 cell line. These results provide a rationale for further exploration of targeted Notch inhibition for therapy of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqila A Ahmed
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Tyler Robinson
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Monica Palande
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Jinlu Dai
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Evan T Keller
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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9
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Ahmed AA, Smoczer C, Pace B, Patterson D, Cress Cabelof D. Loss of DNA polymerase β induces cellular senescence. Environ Mol Mutagen 2018; 59:603-612. [PMID: 29968395 PMCID: PMC6203593 DOI: 10.1002/em.22206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We aim to establish that accelerated aging and premature cellular senescence seen in individuals with Down syndrome is related to reduced DNA polymeraseβ. We report here that primary fibroblasts from Down syndrome individuals exhibit greater SA-β-gal staining (fourfold increase, P < 0.001), increased p16 transcript abundance (threefold increase, P < 0.01), and reduced HMGB1 nuclear localization (1.5-fold lower, P < 0.01). We also find that DNA polymerase β expression is significantly reduced in Down syndrome primary fibroblasts (53% decline, P < 0.01). To evaluate whether DNA polymerase β might be causative in senescence induction, we evaluated the impact of murine DNA polymerase β nullizygosity on senescence. We find that unexposed DNA polymerase β -null primary fibroblasts exhibit a robust increase in the number of senescent cells compared to wild-type (11-fold, P < 0.001), demonstrating that loss DNA polymerase β is sufficient to induce senescence. We also see an additional increase in response to hydroxyurea (threefold greater than WT-HU, P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that loss of DNA polymerase β is sufficient to induce senescence. Additionally, we report a significant induction in spontaneous DNA double strand breaks in DNA polymerase β null MEFs (fivefold increase from wild-type, P < 0.0001). Our findings strongly suggest that DNA polymerase β is causative in senescence induction, reasonably pointing to DNA polymerase β as a likely factor driving the premature senescence in Down syndrome. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:603-612, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqila A. Ahmed
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Cristine Smoczer
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Brianna Pace
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - David Patterson
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Diane Cress Cabelof
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States
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10
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Sokkar TZN, El-Farhaty KA, El-Bakary MA, Ali AM, Ahmed AA. The effect of short heat treatment on different properties of PET fiber using double beam interference microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 81:283-291. [PMID: 29193422 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pluta microscope used to throw light on the effect of heat treatment time on the different properties of poly (ethylene terephthalate) PET fibers. PET fibers were annealed at times ranged from 5 to 30 min at different temperatures (150, 170, 190, 210°C) using two different processes (fast cooling and slow cooling processes) in air. The refractive indices, the shrinkage, orientation factor and crystallinity of PET fibers were determined for different annealing temperature during the short time treatment. The shrinkage percentage and degree of crystallinity increased with increasing the temperature and time of annealing. Microinterferograms are given for illustration.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Z N Sokkar
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - K A El-Farhaty
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - M A El-Bakary
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - A M Ali
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt.,Physics Department, Faculty of Science, UMM El-QURA University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A A Ahmed
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
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11
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Klotz DM, Ahmed AA, Wimberger P. Histopathologische Untersuchung und in vivo Fluoreszenz-basierte Bildgebung des c-Met Protoonkogen im Ovarialkarzinom. Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- DM Klotz
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - AA Ahmed
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, Großbritannien
| | - P Wimberger
- Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Dresden, Deutschland
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12
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Benacer D, Thong KL, Ooi PT, Souris M, Lewis JW, Ahmed AA, Mohd Zain SN. Serological and molecular identification of Leptospira spp. in swine and stray dogs from Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2017; 34:89-97. [PMID: 33592986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Leptospirosis is endemic in Malaysia with Leptospira species extensively isolated from domestic and wild animals. Rats were found to be the principal maintenance hosts followed by cattle, pigs, and dogs. The objectives of this study were to isolate and identify Leptospira serovars circulating among swine from three different farms and also from stray dogs and cats from Klang valley, Selangor, Malaysia. Urine and kidney samples collected from 150 stray dogs, 50 cats and 81 swine were inoculated into semi-solid Ellinghausen McCullough Johnson and Harris (EMJH) media supplemented with additional 5-Fluorouracil. Dark field microscopy revealed only one positive culture of Leptospira from dog and swine samples, but all cat samples were negative. The PCR technique using published primers detected 11 positives in urine samples of dogs and 5 positives from swine. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) confirmed the presence of two serovars in both dog and swine populations namely, L. interrogans serovar Canicola and L. interrogans serovar Pomona (MAT > 100), with Not I-PFGE analyses separating these two serovars into distinct profiles. Despite the low prevalence in stray dogs, the latter may play an important role in the contamination of the environment. Swine can also pose a potential risk of infection to humans and other domestic animals, especially those living close to swine farms. Thus improving hygiene and eradication of rodents in swine farms are likely to reduce the risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Benacer
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - K L Thong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - P T Ooi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M Souris
- UMR_D 190 "Emergence des Pathologies Virales", IRD Aix- Marseille University EHESP, Marseille, France
| | - J W Lewis
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK
| | - A A Ahmed
- Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S N Mohd Zain
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Chen F, Gaitskell K, Garcia MJ, Albukhari A, Tsaltas J, Ahmed AA. Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas associated with high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas: a systematic review. BJOG 2017; 124:872-878. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.14543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Chen
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory; The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Oxford; Headington Oxford UK
- School of Clinical Sciences; Monash University; Clayton Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - K Gaitskell
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory; The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Oxford; Headington Oxford UK
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit; Nuffield Department of Population Health; University of Oxford; Oxford UK
| | - MJ Garcia
- Human Genetics Group; Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO); Madrid Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER); Valencia Spain
| | - A Albukhari
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory; The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Oxford; Headington Oxford UK
- Biochemistry Department; Faculty of Science; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - J Tsaltas
- School of Clinical Sciences; Monash University; Clayton Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - AA Ahmed
- Ovarian Cancer Cell Laboratory; The Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine; University of Oxford; Headington Oxford UK
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology; University of Oxford; Women's Centre; John Radcliffe Hospital; Oxford UK
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14
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Townley HE, Zheng Y, Goldsmith J, Zheng YY, Stratford MRL, Dobson PJ, Ahmed AA. A novel biosensor for quantitative monitoring of on-target activity of paclitaxel. Nanoscale 2015; 7:1127-1135. [PMID: 25483994 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01105h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study describes a system for quantifying paclitaxel activity using the C-terminus of α-tubulin as a biomarker. Following stabilization of microtubules with paclitaxel, a specific detyrosination reaction occurs at the C-terminus of α-tubulin which could be used to assess efficacy. A fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) based biosensor was synthesized comprising a short peptide that corresponded to the C-terminus of α-tubulin, a fluorophore (Abz), and a quencher (Dnp). The fluorophore added to the end of the peptide can be released upon enzymatic detyrosination. In addition, a single fluorophore-tagged peptide was also conjugated to mesoporous silica nanoparticles to examine the feasibility of combining the drug with the peptide biomarker. As a proof of concept, we found that the degree of peptide cleavage, and therefore enzymatic activity, was directly correlated with exogenous bovine carboxypeptidase (CPA) an enzyme that mimics endogenous detyrosination. In addition, we show that cell lysates obtained from paclitaxel-treated cancer cells competed with exogenous CPA for biosensor cleavage in a paclitaxel dose-dependent manner. Our work provides strong evidence for the feasibility of combining paclitaxel with a novel biosensor in a multi-load nanoparticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Townley
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK.
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15
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Ahmed AA. A study of the anthropometric correlations between upper limb measurements for personal identification in Sudanese population. Homo 2014; 65:489-98. [PMID: 25277498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchb.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The presence of multiple isolated commingled fleshed limbs or limb parts generates a significant challenge for forensic investigators in wars, mass disasters, and criminal assaults in the process of identification. Although upper limb measurements have been used to establish individual identity in terms of sex and stature with high success, there is a scarcity of data concerning the correlations within upper limb parts. Hence, this study aims to assess the relationships within upper limb parts and develop regression formulae to reconstruct the parts from one another. The study participants were 376 Sudanese adults (187 males and 189 females). The results of this study indicated significant sexual dimorphism for all variables. The results indicated a significant correlation within the upper limb parts. Linear and multiple regression equations were developed to reconstruct the upper limb parts in the presence of a single or multiple dimension(s) from the identical limb. Multiple regression equations generated better reconstructions than simple equations. These results are significant in forensics and orthopedic reconstructive surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Mail Code: 3127, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia; Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 102, Khartoum, Sudan.
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16
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Olabinri BM, Adepoju EA, Zainab AA, Ahmed AA. Phytochemical profiling of phytoconstituents of grape, Jatropha curcas and Neem (Azadirachta indica) extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5897/jpp2013.0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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17
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Osman AHK, Farouk SM, Eidaroos H, Abbott LC, Ahmed AA. Prenatal metanephrogenesis of the camel: morphological evidence of epithelial-mesenchymal interaction. Anat Histol Embryol 2013; 43:141-52. [PMID: 23713903 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation examined histogenesis of epithelial, stromal and angiogenic elements of the prenatal camel permanent or metanephric kidney. The primitive metanephros was first observed at the 13-mm crown vertebral rump length (CVRL) stage as an ovoid structure composed of a centrally located epithelial ureteric bud and peripheral circumscribed masses of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. The first morphological evidence of glomerulogenesis was observed at the 28-mm CVRL stage. Developing renal corpuscles became obvious at the 35-mm CVRL stage. At the 60-mm CVRL stage, the epithelial renal pelvis gave rise to tubular branches that extended towards the cortical zone. These branches represented the presumptive collecting ducts. Differentiation of renal tubules into the proximal and distal convoluted tubules was observed at the 95-mm CVRL stage. At the 130-mm CVRL stage, the renal medulla was clearly delineated into medullary pyramids, which in association with the corresponding cortical caps formed the morphological basis of the renal lobar formation. A gradual nephrogenic decline was noticed from the 940-mm CVRL on; however, the process of nephrogenesis persisted throughout all the studied foetal stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-H K Osman
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41511, Egypt
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18
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Su L, Rao K, Guo F, Li X, Ahmed AA, Ni Y, Grossmann R, Zhao R. In ovo leptin administration inhibits chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis in female chicken embryos through the STAT3-mediated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2012; 43:26-36. [PMID: 22417645 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies indicate that leptin regulates placental angiogenesis and fetal growth in mammals and that in ovo leptin administration affects embryonic development and hatch weight in the chicken. To test the hypothesis that leptin affects embryonic growth through modifying chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis, we injected 0.5 μg of recombinant murine leptin into the albumen of fertilized eggs before incubation. On embryonic day 12 (E12), the number and the total area of blood vessels on CAM were measured, and expression of genes involved in angiogenesis was quantitated to show the possible mechanisms. Leptin in ovo administration decreased (P < 0.05) both the total area of blood vessels and the number of small-sized capillaries on CAM of E12 female chicken embryos, which coincided with significantly decreased (P < 0.05) embryo weight on E12 and BW at hatching. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthases (iNOS and eNOS) were all downregulated (P < 0.05) in CAM both at the mRNA and protein/activity levels with reduced (P < 0.05) nitric oxide (NO) concentration in chorioallantoic fluid of female embryos. Furthermore, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) was found to be diminished (P < 0.05) both at the mRNA and protein levels and associated with decreased (P < 0.05) binding of STAT3 to VEGF promotor in the CAM of leptin-treated E12 female embryos. These data suggest that in ovo leptin administration affects CAM angiogenesis and embryo growth in female chicken embryos, probably through STAT3-mediated VEGF/NO pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Su
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Oxford, UK.
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20
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Badgwell DB, Lu Z, Le K, Gao F, Yang M, Suh GK, Bao JJ, Das P, Andreeff M, Chen W, Yu Y, Ahmed AA, S-L Liao W, Bast RC. The tumor-suppressor gene ARHI (DIRAS3) suppresses ovarian cancer cell migration through inhibition of the Stat3 and FAK/Rho signaling pathways. Oncogene 2011; 31:68-79. [PMID: 21643014 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancers migrate and metastasize over the surface of the peritoneal cavity. Consequently, dysregulation of mechanisms that limit cell migration may be particularly important in the pathogenesis of the disease. ARHI is an imprinted tumor-suppressor gene that is downregulated in >60% of ovarian cancers, and its loss is associated with decreased progression-free survival. ARHI encodes a 26-kDa GTPase with homology to Ras. In contrast to Ras, ARHI inhibits cell growth, but whether it also regulates cell motility has not been studied previously. Here we report that re-expression of ARHI decreases the motility of IL-6- and epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated SKOv3 and Hey ovarian cancer cells, inhibiting both chemotaxis and haptotaxis. ARHI binds to and sequesters Stat3 in the cytoplasm, preventing its translocation to the nucleus and localization in focal adhesion complexes. Stat3 siRNA or the JAK2 inhibitor AG490 produced similar inhibition of motility. However, the combination of ARHI expression with Stat3 knockdown or inhibition produced greatest inhibition in ovarian cancer cell migration, consistent with Stat3-dependent and Stat3-independent mechanisms. Consistent with two distinct signaling pathways, knockdown of Stat3 selectively inhibited IL-6-stimulated migration, whereas knockdown of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) preferentially inhibited EGF-stimulated migration. In EGF-stimulated ovarian cancer cells, re-expression of ARHI inhibited FAK(Y397) and Src(Y416) phosphorylation, disrupted focal adhesions, and blocked FAK-mediated RhoA signaling, resulting in decreased levels of GTP-RhoA. Re-expression of ARHI also disrupted the formation of actin stress fibers in a FAK- and RhoA-dependent manner. Thus, ARHI has a critical and previously uncharacterized role in the regulation of ovarian cancer cell migration, exerting inhibitory effects on two distinct signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- D B Badgwell
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Ahmed AA, Sabban MS, Ibrahim AM, Amin A, Khafagi AR, Sheble A. Some properties of Newcastle disease virus isolates recovered from migratory birds to Egypt. Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 2010; 27:313-9. [PMID: 7424293 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1980.tb01696.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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22
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Ammon HP, Bacher M, Brändle WF, Ahmed AA, Waheed A. Ionfluxes and metabolism of isolated pancreatic islets after glucose-infusion into rats. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2009; 103 Suppl 2:30. [PMID: 8839250 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1211390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H P Ammon
- Dept. of Pharmacology, University of Tübingen, Germany
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23
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Jones OY, Lacson A, Zeng X, Jones JM, Katti K, Cahill RA, Ahmed AA. Long-term follow-up after non-myeloablative transplant of bone and marrow in BXSB mice. Lupus 2009; 18:813-21. [DOI: 10.1177/0961203309104391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We present long-term outcomes of BXSB mice after non-myeloablative bone marrow transplants using major histocompatability complex (MHC)-matched cells. Groups differed in sources of donor lymphocytes or mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC). Unfractionated marrow cells from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic (Tg) mice (BMT group) or from RAG1−/− B6 mice (RAG group) were injected intravenously (i.v.) into irradiated (550 cGy) hosts. As a source of mesenchymal cells, bone chips from GFP-Tg were injected intraperitoneally alone (MSC group) or along with i.v. bone marrow cells (BMT + MSC group). Controls were untreated mice (UnTx) or mice exposed to radiation only (Rad Cont). At 62 weeks post-transplant, surviving mice were harvested for histopathology, flow cytometry and real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The mice from BMT + MSC group had the best outcomes for survival rates (71.4% vs. 43.8%), renal scores (2.9% vs. 28.8% glomerular sclerosis) and percent splenic monocytes (4.2 vs. 11.3%) compared with mice from Rad Cont. Improvement in RAG and BMT groups was less prominent but were comparable with one another. Although MSC alone were not sufficient to control the renal pathology, it limited the expansion of CD4−CD8− T cell populations without a change in Foxp3 expression. The results suggest the importance of the innate immune system in disease pathogenesis and a role for MSC in immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- OY Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Georgia Avenue, NW, Washington DC, USA
| | - A Lacson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta Hospital, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - X Zeng
- R&D, SABiosciences Corporation, Executive Way, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - JM Jones
- Immunology Consultant, Potomac, MD, USA
| | - K Katti
- George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - RA Cahill
- Cardinal Glennon Hospital, South Grand Avenue, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - AA Ahmed
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics, Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, USA
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Ahmed AA. Beneficial effects of combined administration of sodium molybdate with atorvastatin in hyperlipidemic hamsters. Drug Discov Ther 2009; 3:62-70. [PMID: 22495479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the benefit of combined administration of sodium molybdate with atorvastatin in management of hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemic male Serian golden hamsters were administered either atorvastatin (40 or 80 mg/kg, p.o.) sodium molybdate (100 mg/kg, p.o.) or combination of atorvastatin (40 mg/kg, p.o.) with sodium molybdate (100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 30 consecutive days. Blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, Non-HDL-cholesterol and anti-atherogenic index) in addition to the activities of liver transaminases (AST, ALT), as well as antioxidant status (lipid peroxidation, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) were estimated before and after 15 and 30 days of treatment. The results indicate that atorvastatin is effective in lowering the blood lipids with maximum effect achieved by the high dose (80 mg/kg, p.o.). However, this dose elevates the liver enzymes significantly after 15 and 30 days of treatment. Sodium molybdate lowers the blood lipids after 30 days from treatment without alteration in liver enzymes. Moreover, in this group, lipid peroxides were significantly reduced and activities of catalase as well as glutathione peroxidase were significantly elevated compared with the hyperlipidemic control group (saline). Combination of atorvastatin (40 mg/kg, p.o.) with sodium molybdate significantly reduced the elevated blood lipids in a similar degree as the high dose of atorvastatin. Meanwhile, in this group, the liver enzymes were not significantly elevated while, the antioxidants profile were significantly improved compared with that of control hyperlipidemic and atorvastatin groups. In conclusion, combination of sodium molybdate with atorvastatin is beneficial in management of hyperlipidemia as it allows maximum reduction in blood lipids, improves the antioxidant status with minimal disturbances in liver enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
The occurrence of unusual cases of generalised, tumour-like cutaneous swellings in 2-3-month-old chickens, from which A. flavus or C. albicans could be isolated, is described. Histologically similar but clinically different lesions could be produced experimentally in 1-month-old chickens by intradermal inoculation of A. flavus alone or combined with C. albicans. The latter organism alone failed, however, to produce the cutaneous lesions by the same route of inoculation. Intracardiac inoculation of A. flavus into chickens of the same age resulted in a systemic infection, including the nervous tissue, but without apparent involvement of the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Mohammed
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Ahmed AA, Katlama C, Ghosn J, Guiguet M, Costagliola D. [Evaluation of compliance with antiretroviral treatment in a cohort of 200 patients in Djibouti, 2005]. East Mediterr Health J 2008; 13:1286-97. [PMID: 18341179 DOI: 10.26719/2007.13.6.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We determined the rate of compliance with antiretroviral therapy and investigated the factors that influence it among 86 HIV patients. Compliance ratio (number of tablets taken/number prescribed) was assessed by tablet count. The mean ratio of compliance was 92%. By tablet count, 77% of the patients were compliant (compliance ratio > or =90%). Non-compliance was significantly associated with side-effects, degree of confidentiality of the care centre and travelling. Compliance correlated significantly with viral load. In multivariate analysis, community support and level of education protected against non-compliance. Patients having already missed a dose and those dissatisfied with confidentiality had a 4 times greater risk of non-compliance.
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Ahmed AA, Latoundji S. [Pilot study of antiretroviral therapy in Djibouti]. East Mediterr Health J 2008; 13:1274-85. [PMID: 18341178 DOI: 10.26719/2007.13.6.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 112 HIV positive patients who had received antiretroviral therapy for >3 months to assess the efficacy of treatment (viral load <400 copies/mL). The median age at enrolment was 36 years, 90% of patients were at the AIDS stage and median CD4 rate was 118/mm3. Patients received a combined treatment of 2 NRTI +1 NNRTI (51%), 3 NRTI (45%) and 2 NRTI+1 PI (4%). Virological efficacy was seen in 74% of the patients, irrespective of the prescribed protocol and the initial clinical and immunological profile. Mean improvements measured were 20% on the Karnofsky index (KI), 2.1 kg/m2 in body mass index and 82 cells/mm in CD4. The prevalence of side effects was 84%. The predictors for treatment success were quality of care and KI > 70%.
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Krubasik D, Iyer NG, English WR, Ahmed AA, Vias M, Roskelley C, Brenton JD, Caldas C, Murphy G. Erratum: Absence of p300 induces cellular phenotypic changes characteristic of epithelial to mesenchyme transition. Br J Cancer 2006. [PMCID: PMC2360626 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Krubasik D, Iyer NG, English WR, Ahmed AA, Vias M, Roskelley C, Brenton JD, Caldas C, Murphy G. Absence of p300 induces cellular phenotypic changes characteristic of epithelial to mesenchyme transition. Br J Cancer 2006; 94:1326-32. [PMID: 16622451 PMCID: PMC2361417 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
p300 is a transcriptional cofactor and prototype histone acetyltransferase involved in regulating multiple cellular processes. We generated p300 deficient (p300−) cells from the colon carcinoma cell line HCT116 by gene targeting. Comparison of epithelial and mesenchymal proteins in p300− with parental HCT116 cells showed that a number of genes involved in cell and extracellular matrix interactions, typical of ‘epithelial to mesenchyme transition’ were differentially regulated at both the RNA and protein level. p300− cells were found to have aggressive ‘cancer’ phenotypes, with loss of cell–cell adhesion, defects in cell–matrix adhesion and increased migration through collagen and matrigel. Although migration was shown to be metalloproteinase mediated, these cells actually showed a downregulation or no change in the level of key metalloproteinases, indicating that changes in cellular adhesion properties can be critical for cellular mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Krubasik
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK
| | - N G Iyer
- Cancer Genomics Program, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK
| | - W R English
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK
| | - A A Ahmed
- Cancer Genomics Program, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK
| | - M Vias
- Cancer Genomics Program, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK
| | - C Roskelley
- Department of Anatomy, University of British Columbia, 2177 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver BC V66T 1Z3, UK
| | - J D Brenton
- Cancer Genomics Program, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK
| | - C Caldas
- Cancer Genomics Program, Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, UK
| | - G Murphy
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XY, UK. E-mail:
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Ahmed AA, Mohamed A, Ali AE, Barakat A, Abd El-Hady M, El-Hussein A. Seasonal variations of aerosol residence time in the lower atmospheric boundary layer. J Environ Radioact 2004; 77:275-283. [PMID: 15381321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
During a one year period, from Jan. 2002 up to Dec. 2002, approximately 130 air samples were analyzed to determine the atmospheric air activity concentrations of short- and long-lived (222Rn) decay products 214Pb and 210Pb. The samples were taken by using a single-filter technique and gamma-spectrometry was applied to determine the activity concentrations. A seasonal fluctuation in the concentration of 214Pb and 210Pb in surface air was observed. The activity concentrations of both radionuclides were observed to be relatively higher during the winter/autumn season than in spring/summer season. The mean activity concentration of 214Pb and 210Pb within the whole year was found to be 1.4+/-0.27 Bq m(-3) and 1.2+/-0.15 mBq m(-3), respectively. Different 210Pb:214Pb activity ratios during the year varied between 1.78 x 10(-4) and 1.6 x 10(-3) with a mean value of 8.9 x 10(-4) +/- 7.6 x 10(-5). From the ratio between the activity concentrations of the radon decay products 214Pb and 210Pb a mean residence time (MRT) of aerosol particles in the atmosphere of about 10.5+/-0.91 d could be estimated. The seasonal variation pattern shows relatively higher values of MRT in spring/summer season than in winter/autumn season. The MRT data together with relative humidity (RH), air temperature (T) and wind speed (WS), were used for a comprehensive regression analysis of its seasonal variation in the atmospheric air.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
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Choudhary M, Ahmed AA, Williamson JG. Sole bladder metastasis from breast cancer. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2003; 23:212. [PMID: 12751527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Choudhary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Addenbrook's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
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Abstract
The aerial part of Leptadenia arborea has been shown to contain pinoresinol (1), syringaresinol (2), leucanthemitol (3) and E-ferulaldehyde (4). These known compounds are being reported for the first time from this plant. Among them, syringaresinol has shown an inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase. The IC(50) (the concentration of 50% enzyme inhibition) value of this compound was 200 microg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- A El-Hassan
- Aswan-Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Aswan, Egypt
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Mahmud MC, Miah RA, Hossain MK, Ahmed AA, Islam MN, Siddiqui NI. Resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) cases. Mymensingh Med J 2003; 12:36-40. [PMID: 12715641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Out of 350 acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) patients 110 (31.4%) were positive on culture. Among then (35.5%) yielded from upper respiratory tract infection (URI) and 64.5% yielded from lower respiratory tract infection (LRI). Predominant bacterial isolates from URI were Staph aureus (12.4%) and Strepto. pyogen (9.8%) whereas predominant agent from LRI were Strepto. pneumoniae (14.7%) and Haemophilus influenzae (8.6%). Capsular typing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and type specific antisera revealed that 64.7% of the isolates were type-b and rest were non-b. The most frequent resistance pattern of H. influenzae was found resistant to penicillin-ampicillin (64.7%) followed by SMX-TMP (14.7%) and tetracycline (5.9%). Among penicillin-ampicillin resistant strains, 81.8% were beta lectamase positive and 18.2% were beta lectamase negative. Among beta lectamase positive strains 66.7% were capsular type-b and 33.3% were non-b, had MICS < or = 8 microgram/ml. and < or = 4 microgram/ml. respectively. 5.9% strains of Strepto. pneumoniae was found resistant to SMX-TMP, 5.9% to penicillin-ampicillin and 2.9% to cephalexin. Common resistance pattern of Staph aureus was penicillin-ampicillin (60%), SMX-TMP (37.2%) and tetracycline-erythromycine-cephalexin (11.4%). Strepto. pyogen was found resistant to tetracycline in 12.2% cases and to SMX-TMP in 8.3% cases.
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Abstract
This is an observational retrospective study, which included 77 patients who underwent sacrospinous fixation (SSF) over a period of 3 years in a district general hospital. Casenotes were reviewed and all patients were invited to attend a further review appointment (14-49 months). The object was to determine short- and long-term success of SSF,particularly in elderly (28% were > or = 70 years), obese (24.7%) and medically compromised (64.9%) patients. Fifty-two patients (67.5%) had previous gynaecological procedures, while the remaining 25 (32.5%) had no previous surgery. Intra- and postoperative complications were 3.9% and 32.5%, respectively. There was considerable relief of patients' symptoms at both short- and long-term followup, while the rate of recurrence of vault prolapse was 10.3%. Our experience suggests that SSF appears to be a safe and effective procedure, especially for those who may constitute surgical or anaesthetic risks. It has a reasonable success rate, good postoperative recovery and acceptable long-term results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R M Elghorori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, King's Lynn, Norfolk, UK.
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Nasr EM, El-mekkawi M, Moussa MA, Ahmed AA. Histological study of the draining lymph nodes after injection of antigen and adjuvant materials tried for fertility control. Popul Sci 2002:137-48. [PMID: 12339479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Abstract
Plumbagin, isoshinanolone, epishinanolone, shinanolone, quercetin and kaempferol were isolated from the leaves of Nepenthes gracilis. Spectral data of shinanolone are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Aung
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, 637616, Singapore, Singapore.
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Ahmed AA, Mahmoud AA, Hegazy MF, Paré PW, Karchesy J. Terpenoid constituents of Aster subspicatus and A. ageratoides. Pharmazie 2002; 57:567-9. [PMID: 12227200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of Aster subspicatus afforded a new sesquiterpene lactone, 8 alpha-acetoxy-1 alpha-hydroxy-3 alpha,4 alpha-epoxy-5 alpha,7 alpha H-9,11(13)-guaiadien-12,6 alpha-olide (1), in addition to the known compounds arteglasin-B (2), diversoside (3), and 2-phenylethyl beta-D-glucopyranoside. Re-investigation of Aster ageratoides afforded the known compounds crotocorylifuran, and oplopanone. The structure of the new compound was determined by spectroscopic methods particularly high resolution 1H, 13C NMR, DEPT, 2D 1H-1H and 1H-13C COSY NMR and HMBC analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R M Elghorori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, King's Lynn, Norfolk, UK.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the feasibility and acceptability of minilaparotomy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy. METHODS A prospective pilot study in a general hospital was conducted. Twenty patients who were on the waiting list for abdominal hysterectomy were included in the study. All these patients had one or more relative contraindications to vaginal hysterectomy. The hysterectomy procedure was started vaginally in all cases. A minilaparotomy incision was performed to complete the procedure if vaginal hysterectomy was not feasible. Results were analyzed on the intention to treat basis. RESULTS The procedure was successfully completed as intended in 19/20 patients (95%). Six patients had the procedure completed vaginally (30%). Thirteen patients had the procedure completed with minilaparotomy assistance (65%). The mean operative time was 63+/-24.8 min (+/-S.D.). The median estimated blood loss was 155 ml (range: 20-800). One bladder injury occurred. The overall post-operative complication rate was 35% (7/20). This included urinary retention necessitating catheterization for 24 h (n=3), urinary infection (n=2), vaginal infection (n=1) and wound hematoma (n=1). The mean post-operative pain score on a scale from 1 to 10 was 3.1. The overall patient satisfaction based on a scale from 1 to 10 was 9.23 (range: 8-10). CONCLUSIONS Minilaparotomy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy is a feasible and safe procedure. Our results suggest that this approach is potentially useful in increasing the proportion of hysterectomies performed vaginally.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, King's Lynn, UK.
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Xiang Z, Ahmed AA, Möller C, Nakayama K, Hatakeyama S, Nilsson G. Essential role of the prosurvival bcl-2 homologue A1 in mast cell survival after allergic activation. J Exp Med 2001; 194:1561-69. [PMID: 11733571 PMCID: PMC2193528 DOI: 10.1084/jem.194.11.1561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells reside in tissues, where upon activation through the high-affinity-IgE-receptor (FcepsilonRI) they degranulate and orchestrate the allergic reaction. Mast cells survive this activation and can thus be reactivated. In this study we demonstrate that this process depends on the pro-survival gene A1. Activation of mast cells through FcepsilonRI resulted in degranulation, strong induction of A1 mRNA and protein, and cell survival. In contrast, A1-deficient mast cells released granule mediators similar to the wild-type control, but the cells did not survive an allergic activation. Furthermore, A1(-/-) mice that had been sensitized and provoked with allergen exhibited a lower number of mast cell compared with littermate controls. The induction of A1 was dependent on calcium, as EDTA prevented A1 expression. The calcium ionophore, ionomycin, induced A1 expression and mast cell survival, whereas compound 48/80, a well-known mast cell secretagogue, did not. This study uncovers the importance of A1 for mast cell survival in allergic reactions, and it proposes A1 as a potential target for the treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Xiang
- Research Group on Mast Cell Biology, Department of Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
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Abstract
From the chloroform extract of the roots of Ferula assa-foetida, two sesquiterpene coumarins designated assafoetidnol A and assafoetidnol B were isolated, in addition to six known compounds, gummosin, polyanthin, badrakemin, neveskone, samarcandin and galbanic acid. The structures of the sesquiterpenes new compounds were established by spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Abd El-Razek
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
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Abstract
A new eudesmanolide, 1beta,9alpha-dihydroxyeudesm-3-en-5beta,6alpha,7alpha,11alphaH-12,6-olide (1), was isolated from Crataegus flava fruits. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, 61519, El-Minia, Egypt.
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Ahmed AA, Mahmoud AA, Ahmed UM, El-Bassuony AA, Abd El-Razk MH, Pare PW, Karchesy J. Manoyl oxide alpha-arabinopyranoside and grindelic acid diterpenoids from Grindelia integrifolia. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:1365-1367. [PMID: 11678671 DOI: 10.1021/np010273n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two new manoyl oxide-alpha-arabinopyranoside diterpenoids, 15-hydroxy-13-epi-manoyl oxide-14-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (tarapacol-14-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside) (1) and 15-acetoxy-13-epi-manoyl oxide-14-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (tarapacol-15-acetate-14-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside) (2), as well as a new grindelic acid derivative, 19-hydroxygrindelic acid (3), together with five known diterpenoids (tarapacol, tarapacanol A, grindelic acid, methyl grindeloate, 3beta-hydroxygrindelic acid, 4) were isolated from the aerial parts of Grindelia integrifolia. The structures of 1-3 were elucidated by spectral data analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, El-Minia 61519, Egypt.
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Abstract
Aortic dissection complicating percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty is rare. We report the case of a 45-year-old man who after right coronary artery angioplasty with stenting, dissected that vessel to involve the aorta to the bifurcation. Surgical repair with Gelatin-Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (GRF) glue as opposed to prosthetic graft replacement of the ascending aorta was successful. The use of GRF glue is effective in the surgical treatment of aortic dissection after coronary angioplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Cardiac Surgical Unit and Regional Medical Cardiology Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland
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Abstract
Two monoterpene coumarins, designated ferulagol A and B, as well as three known monoterpene coumarins and three sesquiterpene lactones were isolated from the chloroform extract of the roots of Ferula ferulago. The structures of ferulagol A and B were determined to be 7-[(E)-3'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethyl-4',6'-octadienyloxy]coumarin and 7-[(3'Z,5'E)-7'-hydroxy-3',7'-dimethyl-3',5'-octadienyloxy]coumarin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H El-Razek
- Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, 739-8526, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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Ahmed AA, Wahbi AH, Nordlin K. Neuropeptides modulate a murine monocyte/macrophage cell line capacity for phagocytosis and killing of Leishmania major parasites. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2001; 23:397-409. [PMID: 11694030 DOI: 10.1081/iph-100107339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Host-parasite interactions and their outcome constitute a critical and challenging step in disease establishment in cutaneous leishmaniasis. In the present in vitro study we investigated the possible modulating effects of both sensory and autonomic neuropeptides that normally exist in human and mouse skin, on the uptake and leishmanicidal capacity of macrophages on Leishmania (L.) major parasites, using a monocyte/macrophage murine cell line (Raw 264.7). The sensory neuropeptides somatostatin (SOM), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP) suppressed the macrophage capacity for phagocytosing L. major promastigotes at different concentrations, 10(-10) - 10(-5) M, however, the suppressive effect of SP does not reach a significant level. CGRP and SP enhanced the leishmanicidal capacity of macrophages at 10(-7) M, and 10(-5) M, respectively, whereas SOM was without effect. The autonomic neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) both suppressed the phagocytic and leishmanicidal capacities of macrophages at various concentrations, 10(-10) - 10(-5) M. The findings indicate that neuropeptides have modulating effects on macrophage-L. major interactions. These effects might be exerted by a direct action on macrophages or indirectly through induction of other mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Dermatology, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
Re-examination of the chemical constituents of the leaves of Ferula sinaica afforded a new eudesmanolide and a new carotane. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, Egypt.
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Abstract
A 61-year-old man with angina had a lesion in the left upper lobe of his lung on chest roentgenogram. Coronary angiography revealed a dominant circumflex lesion. Combined coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and left upper lobectomy was performed through left posterolateral thoracotomy without the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. Off-pump CABG abolishes the complications of cardiopulmonary bypass, while posterolateral thoracotomy provides a direct access to the circumflex vessels and is ideal for lung resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
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Ahmed AA, Kattab AM, Bodige SG, Mao Y, Minter DE, Reinecke MG, Watson WH, Mabry TJ. 15alpha-acetoxycleomblynol A from Cleome amblyocarpa. J Nat Prod 2001; 64:106-107. [PMID: 11170680 DOI: 10.1021/np0003037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Reinvestigation of the MeOH-CH(2)Cl(2) extract of the aerial parts of Cleome amblyocarpa led to isolation of a new dammarane triterpenoid, 15alpha-acetoxycleomblynol A, whose structure was determined to be 11alpha,15alpha-diacetoxybrachycarpon-22(23)-ene (1) by NMR data interpretation and X-ray analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, El-Minia University, El-Minia, 61519, Egypt.
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el-Hady MA, Mohammed A, el-Hussein A, Ali AE, Ahmed AA. Radon progeny in Egyptian underground phosphate mines. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2001; 95:63-68. [PMID: 11468809 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the workers in uranium mines, the staff of other underground mines, such as workers in underground phosphate mines, can be exposed to 222Rn and its progeny. In this study the individual radon progeny concentrations were measured in three Egyptian underground phosphate mines to estimate the occupational exposure of the workers at those sites. A filter method was used to measure individual radon progeny concentrations (218Po, 214Pb and 214Po). The reported mean values of radon progeny concentrations exceed the action levels which are recommended by ICRP 65 (1993). Based on the measured individual radon progeny concentrations (218Po, 214Pb and 214Po) in these mines, the annual effective dose for the workers has been calculated using the lung dose model of ICRP 66 (1994). According to the obtained results, some countermeasures were recommended in this study to minimise these exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A el-Hady
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, EL-Minia University, EL-Minia, Egypt
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