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Ambrosanio M, Troisi Lopez E, Polverino A, Minino R, Cipriano L, Vettoliere A, Granata C, Mandolesi L, Curcio G, Sorrentino G, Sorrentino P. The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Brain Fingerprint Stability: A Magnetoencephalography Validation Study. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:2301. [PMID: 38610512 PMCID: PMC11014248 DOI: 10.3390/s24072301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the stability of the functional connectome (FC) over time using fingerprint analysis in healthy subjects. Additionally, it investigated how a specific stressor, namely sleep deprivation, affects individuals' differentiation. To this aim, 23 healthy young adults underwent magnetoencephalography (MEG) recording at three equally spaced time points within 24 h: 9 a.m., 9 p.m., and 9 a.m. of the following day after a night of sleep deprivation. The findings indicate that the differentiation was stable from morning to evening in all frequency bands, except in the delta band. However, after a night of sleep deprivation, the stability of the FCs was reduced. Consistent with this observation, the reduced differentiation following sleep deprivation was found to be negatively correlated with the effort perceived by participants in completing the cognitive task during sleep deprivation. This correlation suggests that individuals with less stable connectomes following sleep deprivation experienced greater difficulty in performing cognitive tasks, reflecting increased effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ambrosanio
- Department of Economics, Law, Cybersecurity and Sports Sciences (DiSEGIM), University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80035 Nola, Italy
| | - Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Medical, Movement and Wellness Sciences (DiSMMEB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cipriano
- Department of Medical, Movement and Wellness Sciences (DiSMMEB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Vettoliere
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Carmine Granata
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Laura Mandolesi
- Department of Humanities, University of Naples Federico II, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Curcio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Department of Medical, Movement and Wellness Sciences (DiSMMEB), University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Cipriano L, Minino R, Liparoti M, Polverino A, Romano A, Bonavita S, Pirozzi MA, Quarantelli M, Jirsa V, Sorrentino G, Sorrentino P, Troisi Lopez E. Flexibility of brain dynamics is increased and predicts clinical impairment in relapsing-remitting but not in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae112. [PMID: 38585670 PMCID: PMC10998461 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Large-scale brain activity has long been investigated under the erroneous assumption of stationarity. Nowadays, we know that resting-state functional connectivity is characterized by aperiodic, scale-free bursts of activity (i.e. neuronal avalanches) that intermittently recruit different brain regions. These different patterns of activity represent a measure of brain flexibility, whose reduction has been found to predict clinical impairment in multiple neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. Brain flexibility has been recently found increased in multiple sclerosis, but its relationship with clinical disability remains elusive. Also, potential differences in brain dynamics according to the multiple sclerosis clinical phenotypes remain unexplored so far. We performed a brain dynamics study quantifying brain flexibility utilizing the 'functional repertoire' (i.e. the number of configurations of active brain areas) through source reconstruction of magnetoencephalography signals in a cohort of 25 multiple sclerosis patients (10 relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and 15 secondary progressive multiple sclerosis) and 25 healthy controls. Multiple sclerosis patients showed a greater number of unique reconfigurations at fast time scales as compared with healthy controls. This difference was mainly driven by the relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis phenotype, whereas no significant differences in brain dynamics were found between secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and healthy controls. Brain flexibility also showed a different predictive power on clinical disability according to the multiple sclerosis type. For the first time, we investigated brain dynamics in multiple sclerosis patients through high temporal resolution techniques, unveiling differences in brain flexibility according to the multiple sclerosis phenotype and its relationship with clinical disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cipriano
- Department of Medical, Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples ‘Parthenope’, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Medical, Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples ‘Parthenope’, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Philosophical, Pedagogical and Quantitative-Economic Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara ‘G. d’Annunzio’, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Therapy Hermitage Capodimonte, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Romano
- Department of Medical, Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples ‘Parthenope’, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Bonavita
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania ‘L. Vanvitelli’, 81100 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Agnese Pirozzi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania ‘L. Vanvitelli’, 81100 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Viktor Jirsa
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, INS, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Medical, Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples ‘Parthenope’, 80133 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Diagnosis and Therapy Hermitage Capodimonte, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, INS, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
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Liparoti M, Cipriano L, Troisi Lopez E, Polverino A, Minino R, Sarno L, Sorrentino G, Lucidi F, Sorrentino P. Brain flexibility increases during the peri-ovulatory phase as compared to early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1976. [PMID: 38263324 PMCID: PMC10805777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The brain operates in a flexible dynamic regime, generating complex patterns of activity (i.e. neuronal avalanches). This study aimed at describing how brain dynamics change according to menstrual cycle (MC) phases. Brain activation patterns were estimated from resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) scans, acquired from women at early follicular (T1), peri-ovulatory (T2) and mid-luteal (T3) phases of the MC. We investigated the functional repertoire (number of brain configurations based on fast high-amplitude bursts of the brain signals) and the region-specific influence on large-scale dynamics across the MC. Finally, we assessed the relationship between sex hormones and changes in brain dynamics. A significantly larger number of visited configurations in T2 as compared to T1 was specifically observed in the beta frequency band. No relationship between changes in brain dynamics and sex hormones was evident. Finally, we showed that the left posterior cingulate gyrus and the right insula were recruited more often in the functional repertoire during T2 as compared to T1, while the right pallidum was more often part of the functional repertoires during T1 as compared to T2. In summary, we showed hormone-independent increased flexibility of the brain dynamics during the ovulatory phase. Moreover, we demonstrated that several specific brain regions play a key role in determining this change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Philosophical, Pedagogical and Quantitative-Economic Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cipriano
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute for Diagnosis and Cure Hermitage Capodimonte, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Sarno
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Science and Dentistry, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80133, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy
- Institute for Diagnosis and Cure Hermitage Capodimonte, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, 80078, Pozzuoli, Italy.
- Institut de Neurosciences Des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille Université, 13005, Marseille, France.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
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Romano A, Liparoti M, Minino R, Polverino A, Cipriano L, Carotenuto A, Tafuri D, Sorrentino G, Sorrentino P, Troisi Lopez E. The effect of dopaminergic treatment on whole body kinematics explored through network theory. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1913. [PMID: 38253728 PMCID: PMC10803322 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50546-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional motion analysis represents a quantitative approach to assess spatio-temporal and kinematic changes in health and disease. However, these parameters provide only segmental information, discarding minor changes of complex whole body kinematics characterizing physiological and/or pathological conditions. We aimed to assess how levodopa intake affects the whole body, analyzing the kinematic interactions during gait in Parkinson's disease (PD) through network theory which assess the relationships between elements of a system. To this end, we analysed gait data of 23 people with PD applying network theory to the acceleration kinematic data of 21 markers placed on participants' body landmarks. We obtained a matrix of kinematic interactions (i.e., the kinectome) for each participant, before and after the levodopa intake, we performed a topological analysis to evaluate the large-scale interactions among body elements, and a multilinear regression analysis to verify whether the kinectome's topology could predict the clinical variations induced by levodopa. We found that, following levodopa intake, patients with PD showed less trunk and head synchronization (p-head = 0.048; p-7th cervical vertebrae = 0.032; p-10th thoracic vertebrae = 0.006) and an improved upper-lower limbs synchronization (elbows right, p = 0.002; left, p = 0.005), (wrists right, p = 0.003; left, p = 0.002; knees right, p = 0.003; left, p = 0.039) proportional to the UPDRS-III scores. These results may be attributable to the reduction of rigidity, following pharmacological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Romano
- Department of Medical, Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Philosophical, Pedagogical and Economic-Quantitative Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Medical, Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cipriano
- Department of Medical, Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Tafuri
- Department of Medical, Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Medical, Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institut de Neurosciences Des Systèmes, Inserm, INS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
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Romano A, Troisi Lopez E, Cipriano L, Liparoti M, Minino R, Polverino A, Cavaliere C, Aiello M, Granata C, Sorrentino G, Sorrentino P. Topological changes of fast large-scale brain dynamics in mild cognitive impairment predict early memory impairment: a resting-state, source reconstructed, magnetoencephalography study. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 132:36-46. [PMID: 37717553 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Functional connectivity has been used as a framework to investigate widespread brain interactions underlying cognitive deficits in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, many functional connectivity metrics focus on the average of the periodic activities, disregarding the aperiodic bursts of activity (i.e., the neuronal avalanches) characterizing the large-scale dynamic activities of the brain. Here, we apply the recently described avalanche transition matrix framework to source-reconstructed magnetoencephalography signals in a cohort of 32 MCI patients and 32 healthy controls to describe the spatio-temporal features of neuronal avalanches and explore their topological properties. Our results showed that MCI patients showed a more centralized network (as assessed by higher values of the degree divergence and leaf fraction) as compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, we found that the degree divergence (in the theta band) was predictive of hippocampal memory impairment. These findings highlight the role of the changes of aperiodic bursts in clinical conditions and may contribute to a more thorough phenotypical assessment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Romano
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cipriano
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Cavaliere
- IRCCS SYNLAB-SDN, Naples Via Emanuele Gianturco, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Aiello
- IRCCS SYNLAB-SDN, Naples Via Emanuele Gianturco, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Granata
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy; Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment, Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy; Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy.
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy; Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, INS, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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Cipriano L, Troisi Lopez E, Liparoti M, Minino R, Romano A, Polverino A, Ciaramella F, Ambrosanio M, Bonavita S, Jirsa V, Sorrentino G, Sorrentino P. Reduced clinical connectome fingerprinting in multiple sclerosis predicts fatigue severity. Neuroimage Clin 2023; 39:103464. [PMID: 37399676 PMCID: PMC10329093 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain connectome fingerprinting is progressively gaining ground in the field of brain network analysis. It represents a valid approach in assessing the subject-specific connectivity and, according to recent studies, in predicting clinical impairment in some neurodegenerative diseases. Nevertheless, its performance, and clinical utility, in the Multiple Sclerosis (MS) field has not yet been investigated. METHODS We conducted the Clinical Connectome Fingerprint (CCF) analysis on source-reconstructed magnetoencephalography signals in a cohort of 50 subjects: twenty-five MS patients and twenty-five healthy controls. RESULTS All the parameters of identifiability, in the alpha band, were reduced in patients as compared to controls. These results implied a lower similarity between functional connectomes (FCs) of the same patient and a reduced homogeneity among FCs in the MS group. We also demonstrated that in MS patients, reduced identifiability was able to predict, fatigue level (assessed by the Fatigue Severity Scale). CONCLUSION These results confirm the clinical usefulness of the CCF in both identifying MS patients and predicting clinical impairment. We hope that the present study provides future prospects for treatment personalization on the basis of individual brain connectome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Cipriano
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, Italy
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Romano
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Ciaramella
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Ambrosanio
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Bonavita
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Viktor Jirsa
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy; Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, Italy; Institute for Diagnosis and Cure Hermitage Capodimonte, Italy.
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, Italy; Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Troisi Lopez E, Minino R, Liparoti M, Polverino A, Romano A, De Micco R, Lucidi F, Tessitore A, Amico E, Sorrentino G, Jirsa V, Sorrentino P. Fading of brain network fingerprint in Parkinson's disease predicts motor clinical impairment. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:1239-1250. [PMID: 36413043 PMCID: PMC9875937 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical connectome fingerprint (CCF) was recently introduced as a way to assess brain dynamics. It is an approach able to recognize individuals, based on the brain network. It showed its applicability providing network features used to predict the cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. In this article, we explore the performance of CCF in 47 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and 47 healthy controls, under the hypothesis that patients would show reduced identifiability as compared to controls, and that such reduction could be used to predict motor impairment. We used source-reconstructed magnetoencephalography signals to build two functional connectomes for 47 patients with PD and 47 healthy controls. Then, exploiting the two connectomes per individual, we investigated the identifiability characteristics of each subject in each group. We observed reduced identifiability in patients compared to healthy individuals in the beta band. Furthermore, we found that the reduction in identifiability was proportional to the motor impairment, assessed through the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, and, interestingly, able to predict it (at the subject level), through a cross-validated regression model. Along with previous evidence, this article shows that CCF captures disrupted dynamics in neurodegenerative diseases and is particularly effective in predicting motor clinical impairment in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Developmental and Social PsychologyUniversity "La Sapienza" of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute for Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage CapodimonteNaplesItaly
| | - Antonella Romano
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly
| | - Rosa De Micco
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Developmental and Social PsychologyUniversity "La Sapienza" of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Alessandro Tessitore
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”NaplesItaly
| | - Enrico Amico
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, EPFLGenevaSwitzerland,Department of Radiology and Medical InformaticsUniversity of Geneva (UNIGE)GenevaSwitzerland
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly,Institute for Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage CapodimonteNaplesItaly,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research CouncilNaplesItaly
| | - Viktor Jirsa
- Institut de Neurosciences des SystèmesAix‐Marseille UniversitéMarseilleFrance
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Troisi Lopez E, Sorrentino P, Liparoti M, Minino R, Polverino A, Romano A, Carotenuto A, Amico E, Sorrentino G. The kinectome: A comprehensive kinematic map of human motion in health and disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1516:247-261. [PMID: 35838306 PMCID: PMC9796708 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human voluntary movement stems from the coordinated activations in space and time of many musculoskeletal segments. However, the current methodological approaches to study human movement are still limited to the evaluation of the synergies among a few body elements. Network science can be a useful approach to describe movement as a whole and to extract features that are relevant to understanding both its complex physiology and the pathophysiology of movement disorders. Here, we propose to represent human movement as a network (that we named the kinectome), where nodes represent body points, and edges are defined as the correlations of the accelerations between each pair of them. We applied this framework to healthy individuals and patients with Parkinson's disease, observing that the patients' kinectomes display less symmetrical patterns as compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, we used the kinectomes to successfully identify both healthy and diseased subjects using short gait recordings. Finally, we highlighted topological features that predict the individual clinical impairment in patients. Our results define a novel approach to study human movement. While deceptively simple, this approach is well-grounded, and represents a powerful tool that may be applied to a wide spectrum of frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly
| | | | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Developmental and Social PsychologyUniversity “La Sapienza” of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute for Diagnosis and TreatmentHermitage CapodimonteNaplesItaly
| | - Antonella Romano
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly
| | - Anna Carotenuto
- Alzheimer Unit and Movement Disorders ClinicDepartment of NeurologyCardarelli HospitalNaplesItaly
| | - Enrico Amico
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for NeuroprostheticsEPFLGenevaSwitzerland,Department of Radiology and Medical InformaticsUniversity of Geneva (UNIGE)GenevaSwitzerland
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Motor Sciences and WellnessUniversity of Naples “Parthenope”NaplesItaly,Institute for Diagnosis and TreatmentHermitage CapodimonteNaplesItaly,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent SystemsCNRPozzuoliItaly
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Polverino A, Lopez ET, Minino R, Liparoti M, Romano A, Trojsi F, Lucidi F, Gollo L, Jirsa V, Sorrentino G, Sorrentino P. Flexibility of Fast Brain Dynamics and Disease Severity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurology 2022; 99:e2395-e2405. [PMID: 36180240 PMCID: PMC9687404 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000201200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multisystem disorder, as supported by clinical, molecular, and neuroimaging evidence. As a consequence, predicting clinical features requires a description of large-scale neuronal dynamics. Normally, brain activity dynamically reconfigures over time, recruiting different brain areas. Brain pathologies induce stereotyped dynamics which, in turn, are linked to clinical impairment. Hence, based on recent evidence showing that brain functional networks become hyperconnected as ALS progresses, we hypothesized that the loss of flexible dynamics in ALS would predict the symptoms severity. Methods To test this hypothesis, we quantified flexibility using the “functional repertoire” (i.e., the number of configurations of active brain areas) as measured from source-reconstructed magnetoencephalography (MEG) in patients with ALS and healthy controls. The activity of brain areas was reconstructed in the classic frequency bands, and the functional repertoire was estimated to quantify spatiotemporal fluctuations of brain activity. Finally, we built a k-fold cross-validated multilinear model to predict the individual clinical impairment from the size of the functional repertoire. Results Comparing 42 patients with ALS and 42 healthy controls, we found a more stereotyped brain dynamics in patients with ALS (p < 0.05), as conveyed by the smaller functional repertoire. The relationship between the size of the functional repertoire and the clinical scores in the ALS group showed significant correlations in both the delta and the theta frequency bands. Furthermore, through a k-fold cross-validated multilinear regression model, we found that the functional repertoire predicted both clinical staging (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, in the delta and theta bands, respectively) and symptoms severity (p < 0.001, in both the delta and theta bands). Discussion Our work shows that (1) ALS pathology reduces the flexibility of large-scale brain dynamics, (2) subcortical regions play a key role in determining brain dynamics, and (3) reduced brain flexibility predicts disease stage and symptoms severity. Our approach provides a noninvasive tool to quantify alterations in brain dynamics in ALS (and, possibly, other neurodegenerative diseases), thus opening new opportunities in disease management and a framework to test, in the near future, the effects of disease-modifying interventions at the whole-brain level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Polverino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Romano
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Trojsi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Gollo
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, 3800 Victoria, Australia
| | - Viktor Jirsa
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, INS, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, 80131 Naples, Italy; .,Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80133 Naples, Italy.,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Inserm, INS, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France; .,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of National Research Council, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
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10
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Marino C, Grimaldi M, Sommella EM, Ciaglia T, Santoro A, Buonocore M, Salviati E, Trojsi F, Polverino A, Sorrentino P, Sorrentino G, Campiglia P, D’Ursi AM. The Metabolomic Profile in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Changes According to the Progression of the Disease: An Exploratory Study. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12090837. [PMID: 36144241 PMCID: PMC9504184 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12090837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative pathology of the upper or lower motor neuron. Evaluation of ALS progression is based on clinical outcomes considering the impairment of body sites. ALS has been extensively investigated in the pathogenetic mechanisms and the clinical profile; however, no molecular biomarkers are used as diagnostic criteria to establish the ALS pathological staging. Using the source-reconstructed magnetoencephalography (MEG) approach, we demonstrated that global brain hyperconnectivity is associated with early and advanced clinical ALS stages. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) spectroscopy, here we studied the metabolomic profile of ALS patients' sera characterized by different stages of disease progression-namely early and advanced. Multivariate statistical analysis of the data integrated with the network analysis indicates that metabolites related to energy deficit, abnormal concentrations of neurotoxic metabolites and metabolites related to neurotransmitter production are pathognomonic of ALS in the advanced stage. Furthermore, analysis of the lipidomic profile indicates that advanced ALS patients report significant alteration of phosphocholine (PCs), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPCs), and sphingomyelin (SMs) metabolism, consistent with the exigency of lipid remodeling to repair advanced neuronal degeneration and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Marino
- PhD Program in Drug Discovery and Development, Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Manuela Grimaldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Eduardo Maria Sommella
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Tania Ciaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Angelo Santoro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Michela Buonocore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Emanuela Salviati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Francesca Trojsi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Via Maggiore Salvatore Arena, Contrada San Benedetto, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, Cupa delle Tozzole, 2, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille Université, 13284 Marseille, France
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, Cupa delle Tozzole, 2, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of National Research Council, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton, 38, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Campiglia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
| | - Anna Maria D’Ursi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, Fisciano, 84084 Salerno, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-089969748
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11
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Romano A, Trosi Lopez E, Liparoti M, Polverino A, Minino R, Trojsi F, Bonavita S, Mandolesi L, Granata C, Amico E, Sorrentino G, Sorrentino P. The progressive loss of brain network fingerprints in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis predicts clinical impairment. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 35:103095. [PMID: 35764029 PMCID: PMC9241102 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterised by functional connectivity alterations in both motor and extra-motor brain regions. Within the framework of network analysis, fingerprinting represents a reliable approach to assess subject-specific connectivity features within a given population (healthy or diseased). Here, we applied the Clinical Connectome Fingerprint (CCF) analysis to source-reconstructed magnetoencephalography (MEG) signals in a cohort of seventy-eight subjects: thirty-nine ALS patients and thirty-nine healthy controls. We set out to develop an identifiability matrix to assess the extent to which each patient was recognisable based on his/her connectome, as compared to healthy controls. The analysis was performed in the five canonical frequency bands. Then, we built a multilinear regression model to test the ability of the "clinical fingerprint" to predict the clinical evolution of the disease, as assessed by the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-r), the King's disease staging system, and the Milano-Torino Staging (MiToS) disease staging system. We found a drop in the identifiability of patients in the alpha band compared to the healthy controls. Furthermore, the "clinical fingerprint" was predictive of the ALSFRS-r (p = 0.0397; β = 32.8), the King's (p = 0.0001; β = -7.40), and the MiToS (p = 0.0025; β = -4.9) scores. Accordingly, it negatively correlated with the King's (Spearman's rho = -0.6041, p = 0.0003) and MiToS scales (Spearman's rho = -0.4953, p = 0.0040). Our results demonstrated the ability of the CCF approach to predict the individual motor impairment in patients affected by ALS. Given the subject-specificity of our approach, we hope to further exploit it to improve disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Romano
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness - University of Naples "Parthenope", via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Emahnuel Trosi Lopez
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness - University of Naples "Parthenope", via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Rome "Sapienza", Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, via Cupa delle Tozzole 2, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness - University of Naples "Parthenope", via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Trojsi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Bonavita
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Division of Neurology, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Mandolesi
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples Federico II, via Porta di Massa 1, 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Granata
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, CNR, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy
| | - Enrico Amico
- Institute of Bioengineering, Center for Neuroprosthetics, EPFL, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Radiology and Medical Informatics, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness - University of Naples "Parthenope", via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy; Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, via Cupa delle Tozzole 2, 80131 Naples, Italy; Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, CNR, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy.
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, CNR, via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, NA, Italy; Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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12
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Lardone A, Liparoti M, Sorrentino P, Minino R, Polverino A, Lopez ET, Bonavita S, Lucidi F, Sorrentino G, Mandolesi L. Topological changes of brain network during mindfulness meditation: an exploratory source level magnetoencephalographic study. AIMS Neurosci 2022; 9:250-263. [PMID: 35860681 PMCID: PMC9256519 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2022013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
<abstract>
<p>We have previously evidenced that Mindfulness Meditation (MM) in experienced meditators (EMs) is associated with long-lasting topological changes in resting state condition. However, what occurs during the meditative phase is still debated.</p>
<p>Utilizing magnetoencephalography (MEG), the present study is aimed at comparing the topological features of the brain network in a group of EMs (n = 26) during the meditative phase with those of individuals who had no previous experience of any type of meditation (NM group, n = 29). A wide range of topological changes in the EM group as compared to the NM group has been shown. Specifically, in EMs, we have observed increased betweenness centrality in delta, alpha, and beta bands in both cortical (left medial orbital cortex, left postcentral area, and right visual primary cortex) and subcortical (left caudate nucleus and thalamus) areas. Furthermore, the degree in beta band in parietal and occipital areas of EMs was increased too.</p>
<p>Our exploratory study suggests that the MM can change the functional brain network and provides an explanatory hypothesis on the brain circuits characterizing the meditative process.</p>
</abstract>
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lardone
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Roma Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Roma Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Institute for Diagnosis and Cure Hermitage Capodimonte, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Emahnuel Troisi Lopez
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Bonavita
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, University of Roma Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, CNR, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
- Institute for Diagnosis and Cure Hermitage Capodimonte, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Mandolesi
- Department of Humanities, University Federico II, 80133, Naples
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13
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Polverino A, Sorrentino P, Pesoli M, Mandolesi L. Nutrition and cognition across the lifetime: an overview on epigenetic mechanisms. AIMS Neurosci 2021; 8:448-476. [PMID: 34877399 PMCID: PMC8611190 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2021024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The functioning of our brain depends on both genes and their interactions with environmental factors. The close link between genetics and environmental factors produces structural and functional cerebral changes early on in life. Understanding the weight of environmental factors in modulating neuroplasticity phenomena and cognitive functioning is relevant for potential interventions. Among these, nutrition plays a key role. In fact, the link between gut and brain (the gut-brain axis) is very close and begins in utero, since the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Enteric Nervous System (ENS) originate from the same germ layer during the embryogenesis. Here, we investigate the epigenetic mechanisms induced by some nutrients on the cognitive functioning, which affect the cellular and molecular processes governing our cognitive functions. Furthermore, epigenetic phenomena can be positively affected by specific healthy nutrients from diet, with the possibility of preventing or modulating cognitive impairments. Specifically, we described the effects of several nutrients on diet-dependent epigenetic processes, in particular DNA methylation and histones post-translational modifications, and their potential role as therapeutic target, to describe how some forms of cognitive decline could be prevented or modulated from the early stages of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Polverino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy.,Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Matteo Pesoli
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Mandolesi
- Department of Humanities Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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14
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Rucco R, Bernardo P, Lardone A, Baselice F, Pesoli M, Polverino A, Bravaccio C, Granata C, Mandolesi L, Sorrentino G, Sorrentino P. Neuronal Avalanches to Study the Coordination of Large-Scale Brain Activity: Application to Rett Syndrome. Front Psychol 2020; 11:550749. [PMID: 33192799 PMCID: PMC7656905 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.550749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many complex systems, such as the brain, display large-scale coordinated interactions that create ordered patterns. Classically, such patterns have been studied using the framework of criticality, i.e., at a transition point between two qualitatively distinct patterns. This kind of system is generally characterized by a scale-invariant organization, in space and time, optimally described by a power-law distribution whose slope is quantified by an exponent α. The dynamics of these systems is characterized by alternating periods of activations, called avalanches, with quiescent periods. To maximize its efficiency, the system must find a trade-off between its stability and ease of propagation of activation, which is achieved by a branching process. It is quantified by a branching parameter σ defined as the average ratio between the number of activations in consecutive time bins. The brain is itself a complex system and its activity can be described as a series of neuronal avalanches. It is known that critical aspects of brain dynamics are modeled with a branching parameter σ = , and the neuronal avalanches distribution fits well with a power law distribution exponent α = -3/2. The aim of our work was to study a self-organized criticality system in which there was a change in neuronal circuits due to genetic causes. To this end, we have compared the characteristics of neuronal avalanches in a group of 10 patients affected by Rett syndrome, during an open-eye resting-state condition estimated using magnetoencephalography, with respect to 10 healthy subjects. The analysis was performed both in broadband and in the five canonical frequency bands. We found, for both groups, a branching parameter close to 1. In this critical condition, Rett patients show a lower distribution parameter α in the delta and broadband. These results suggest that the large-scale coordination of activity occurs to a lesser extent in RTT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Rucco
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope," Naples, Italy.,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Pia Bernardo
- Department of Medical and Translational Science, Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, Pediatric Psychiatry and Neurology, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Lardone
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope," Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Baselice
- Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope," Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Pesoli
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope," Naples, Italy
| | | | - Carmela Bravaccio
- Department of Medical and Translational Science, Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Granata
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Laura Mandolesi
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope," Naples, Italy.,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy.,Hermitage Capodimonte Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope," Naples, Italy.,Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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15
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Polverino A, Rucco R, Stillitano I, Bonavita S, Grimaldi M, Minino R, Pesoli M, Trojsi F, D'Ursi AM, Sorrentino G, Sorrentino P. In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Blood Cytokines Are Altered, but Do Not Correlate with Changes in Brain Topology. Brain Connect 2020; 10:411-421. [PMID: 32731760 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2020.0741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study aims at investigating the possible correlation between peripheral markers of inflammation and brain networks. Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease dominated by progressive motor impairment. Among the complex mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease, neuroinflammation, which is associated with altered circulating cytokine levels, is suggested to play a prominent role. Methods: Based on magnetoencephalography data, we estimated topological properties of the brain networks in ALS patients and healthy controls. Subsequently, the blood levels of a subset of cytokines were assayed. Finally, we modeled the brain topological features in the function of the cytokine levels. Results: Significant differences were found in the levels of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-1β, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) between patients and controls. In particular, IL-4 and IL-1β levels increased in ALS patients, while the IFN-γ level was higher in healthy controls. We also detected modifications in brain global topological parameters in terms of hyperconnectedness. Despite both blood cytokines and brain topology being altered in ALS patients, such changes do not appear to be in a direct relationship. Conclusion: Our results would be in line with the idea that topological changes relate to neurodegenerative processes. However, the absence of correlation between blood cytokines and topological parameters of brain networks does not preclude that inflammatory processes contribute to the alterations of the brain networks. Impact statement The progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis entails both neurodegenerative and inflammatory processes. Furthermore, disease progression induces global modifications of the brain networks, with advanced stages showing a more compact, hyperconnected network topology. The pathophysiological processes underlying topological changes are unknown. In this article, we hypothesized that the global inflammatory profile would relate to the topological alterations. Our results showed that this is not the case, as modeling the topological properties as a function of the inflammatory state did not yield good predictions. Hence, our results suggest that topological changes might directly relate to neurodegenerative processes instead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Polverino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rucco
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy.,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | | | - Simona Bonavita
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Minino
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Pesoli
- Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Trojsi
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy.,Department of Motor and Wellness Sciences, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy.,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems of National Research Council, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Engineering, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
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16
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Santillo S, Martini A, Polverino A, Mercuri NB, Guatteo E, Sorrentino G. Treating TB human neuroectodermal cell line with retinoic acid induces the appearance of neuron-like voltage-gated ionic currents. Brain Res 2019; 1711:97-105. [PMID: 30660613 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
TB is a cell line derived from the cerebrospinal fluid sample of a patient with primary leptomeningeal melanomatosis. Our previous immunological and ultrastructural analysis revealed that TB cells differentiate towards a neuronal phenotype when grown in vitro up to 7 days in presence of 10 µM all-trans retinoic acid (RA). Recently, we reported that TB cells are sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of β-amyloid peptides, activating the cytosolic phospholipase A2. To date, it is not known if RA, in addition to inducing morphological changes, also causes functional modification in TB cells, by regulating voltage-gated ionic currents. To this purpose, we performed electrophysiological characterization of undifferentiated (TB) and differentiated (RA-TB) cells by means of whole-cell patch clamp recordings. Upon depolarizing stimuli, both groups displayed voltage-gated K+ outward currents of similar amplitude. By contrast, the low amplitude voltage-gated Na+ currents recorded in undifferentiated TB cells were largely up-regulated by RA exposure. This current was strongly reduced by TTX and lidocaine and completely abolished by removal of extracellular sodium. Furthermore, treatment with RA caused the appearance of a late-onset inward current carried by Ca2+ ions in a subpopulation of TB cells. This current was not affected by removal of extracellular Na+ and was completely blocked by Cd2+, a broad-spectrum blocker of Ca2+ currents. Altogether, our results indicate that RA-differentiation of TB cells induces functional changes by augmenting the amplitude of voltage-gated sodium current and by inducing, in a subpopulation of treated cells, the appearance of a voltage-gated calcium current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Santillo
- Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti, CNR, Naples, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Martini
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Department of Neurosciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- University of Naples Parthenope, Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, Naples, Italy; Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola B Mercuri
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; University of Rome, Tor Vergata, Department of Neurosciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Ezia Guatteo
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; University of Naples Parthenope, Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti, CNR, Naples, Italy; University of Naples Parthenope, Department of Motor Sciences and Wellness, Naples, Italy; Institute of Diagnosis and Treatment Hermitage, Naples, Italy
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17
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Mandolesi L, Polverino A, Montuori S, Foti F, Ferraioli G, Sorrentino P, Sorrentino G. Effects of Physical Exercise on Cognitive Functioning and Wellbeing: Biological and Psychological Benefits. Front Psychol 2018; 9:509. [PMID: 29755380 PMCID: PMC5934999 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Much evidence shows that physical exercise (PE) is a strong gene modulator that induces structural and functional changes in the brain, determining enormous benefit on both cognitive functioning and wellbeing. PE is also a protective factor for neurodegeneration. However, it is unclear if such protection is granted through modifications to the biological mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration or through better compensation against attacks. This concise review addresses the biological and psychological positive effects of PE describing the results obtained on brain plasticity and epigenetic mechanisms in animal and human studies, in order to clarify how to maximize the positive effects of PE while avoiding negative consequences, as in the case of exercise addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mandolesi
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Diagnosi e Cura Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Montuori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Foti
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Ferraioli
- Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,Istituto di Diagnosi e Cura Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Applied Sciences and Intelligent Systems, CNR, Pozzuoli, Italy
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18
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Sorrentino P, Iuliano A, Polverino A, Jacini F, Sorrentino G. The dark sides of amyloid in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:641-52. [PMID: 24491999 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2013.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although widely explored, the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has yet to be cleared. Over the past twenty years the so call amyloid cascade hypothesis represented the main research paradigm in AD pathogenesis. In spite of its large consensus, the proposed role of β-amyloid (Aβ) remain to be elucidated. Many evidences are starting to cast doubt on Aβ as the primary causative factor in AD. For instance, Aβ is deposited in the brain following many different kinds of injury. Also, concentration of Aβ needed to induce toxicity in vitro are never reached in vivo. In this review we propose an amyloid-independent interpretation of several AD pathogenic features, such as synaptic plasticity, endo-lysosomal trafficking, cell cycle regulation and neuronal survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze e Scienze Riproduttive ed Odontostomatologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Iuliano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy; Istituto di Diagnosi e Cura Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
| | - Arianna Polverino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy; Istituto di Diagnosi e Cura Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Jacini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy; Istituto di Diagnosi e Cura Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sorrentino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Motorie e del Benessere, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy; Istituto di Diagnosi e Cura Hermitage Capodimonte, Naples, Italy.
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19
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Gelfo F, Petrosini L, Graziano A, De Bartolo P, Burello L, Vitale E, Polverino A, Iuliano A, Sorrentino G, Mandolesi L. Cortical metabolic deficits in a rat model of cholinergic basal forebrain degeneration. Neurochem Res 2013; 38:2114-23. [PMID: 23925861 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Evidence indicates that the degeneration of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons may represent an important factor underlying the progressive cognitive decline characterizing Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the nature of the relationship between cholinergic depletion and AD is not fully elucidated. This study aimed at clarifying some aspects of the relation existing between deficits in cerebral energy metabolism and degeneration of cholinergic system in AD, by investigating the neuronal metabolic activity of several cortical areas after depletion of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. In cholinergically depleted rats, we evaluated the neuronal metabolic activity by assaying cytochrome oxidase (CO) activity in frontal, parietal and posterior parietal cortices at four different time-points after unilateral injection of 192 IgG-saporin in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Unilateral depletion of cholinergic cells in the basal forebrain induced a bilateral decrease of metabolic activity in all the analyzed areas. Frontal and parietal cortices showed decreased metabolic activity even 3 days after the lesion, when the cholinergic degeneration was still incomplete. In posterior parietal cortex metabolic activity decreased only 7 days after the lesion. The possible molecular mechanisms underlying these findings were also investigated. Real-time PCR showed an increase of CO mRNA levels at 3, 7 and 15 days after the lesion both in frontal and parietal cortices, followed by normalization at 30 days. Western Blot analysis did not show any change in CO protein levels at any time-point after the lesion. Our findings support a link between metabolic deficit and cholinergic hypofunctionality characterizing AD pathology. The present model of cholinergic hypofunctionality provides a useful means to study the complex mechanisms linking two fundamental and interrelated phenomena characterizing AD from the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gelfo
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, 64, 00143, Rome, Italy,
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20
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Coxon A, Bready J, Kaufman S, Estrada J, Osgood T, Canon J, Wang L, Radinsky R, Kendall R, Hughes P, Polverino A. Anti-tumor activity of motesanib in a medullary thyroid cancer model. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:181-90. [PMID: 21422803 DOI: 10.3275/7609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is frequently associated with mutations in the tyrosine kinase Ret and with increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Motesanib is an investigational, orally administered small molecule antagonist of VEGFR1, 2, and 3; platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR); Kit; and possibly Ret. AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of motesanib on wildtype and mutant Ret activity in vitro and on tumor xenograft growth in a mouse model of MTC. METHODS/RESULTS In cellular phosphorylation assays, motesanib inhibited the activity of wild-type Ret (IC(50)=66 nM), while it had limited activity against mutant Ret C634W (IC(50)=1100 nM) or Ret M918T (IC(50)>2500 nM). In vivo, motesanib significantly inhibited the growth of TT tumor cell xenografts (expressing Ret C634W) and significantly reduced tumor blood vessel area and tumor cell proliferation, compared with control. Treatment with motesanib resulted in substantial inhibition of Ret tyrosine phosphorylation in TT xenografts and, at comparable doses, in equivalent inhibition of VEGFR2 phosphorylation in both TT xenografts and in mouse lung tissue. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study demonstrate that motesanib inhibited thyroid tumor xenograft growth predominantly through inhibition of angiogenesis and possibly via a direct inhibition of VEGFR2 and Ret expressed on tumor cells. These data suggest that targeting angiogenesis pathways and specifically the VEGF pathway may represent a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of MTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Coxon
- Department of Oncology Research, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA 91320, USA.
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21
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Abstract
This paper reviews recent progress in understanding the function of RAS in three systems: the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), the fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) and Xenopus laevis oocytes. One of the functions of RAS in S. cerevisiae is the stimulation of adenylate cyclase. This leads to the activation of the cAMP-dependent protein kinases--a function that has probably not been conserved in evolution. The immediate function of RAS in S. pombe is not known, but it may lead to the activation of a protein kinase cascade. This cascade has likely been conserved in evolution and linkage between it and RAS can be demonstrated in cell-free extracts from Xenopus oocytes. The Xenopus cell-free system provides a means to test specific hypotheses about RAS function and to isolate targets of RAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marcus
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY 11724
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22
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Gilbreth M, Yang P, Wang D, Frost J, Polverino A, Cobb MH, Marcus S. The highly conserved skb1 gene encodes a protein that interacts with Shk1, a fission yeast Ste20/PAK homolog. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1996; 93:13802-7. [PMID: 8943016 PMCID: PMC19432 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.93.24.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/1996] [Accepted: 09/17/1996] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Shk1 protein kinase, a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ste20 and mammalian p21Cdc42/Rac-activated kinases, is an essential component of a Ras- and Cdc42-dependent signaling cascade required for cell viability, normal morphology, and mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated sexual responses in the fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. To identify S. pombe proteins that modulate or mediate Shk1 functions, we conducted a two-hybrid screen for Shk1-interacting proteins. One of the genes identified as a result of this screen was skb1. We show that Skb1 interacts with a region of the N-terminal regulatory domain of Shk1 distinct from that to which Cdc42 binds, and that Shk1, Cdc42, and Skb1 are able to form a ternary complex in vivo. S.pombe cells carrying an skb1 null mutation are less elongate in morphology than wild-type cells and exhibit a moderate growth defect. The morphology defect of the skb1 deletion mutant is suppressed by overexpression of Shk1. Overexpression of Skb1 causes wild-type S. pombe cells to become hyperelongated. Additional genetic analyses described herein suggest that Skb1 is a component of the morphology control branch of the Ras signaling cascade in S. pombe and that it positively modulates Shk1 function. Homologs of Skb1 are encoded by open reading frames in the genomes of S. cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans and by an uncharacterized human cDNA sequence. Thus, skb1 may be the first well-characterized member of a highly conserved family of genes encoding potential p21Cdc42/Rac-activated kinase regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gilbreth
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030, USA
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23
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Polverino A, Frost J, Yang P, Hutchison M, Neiman AM, Cobb MH, Marcus S. Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades by p21-activated protein kinases in cell-free extracts of Xenopus oocytes. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:26067-70. [PMID: 7592806 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.44.26067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the evolutionarily distant yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe, genetic evidence suggests that activation of pheromone-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades involves the function of the p21cdc42/racl-activated protein kinases (PAKs) Ste20 and Shk1, respectively. In this report, we show that purified Ste20 and Shk1 were each capable of inducing p42MAPK activation in cell-free extracts of Xenopus laevis oocytes, while a mammalian Ste20/Shk1-related protein kinase, p65pak (Pak1), did not induce activation of p42MAPK. In contrast to p42MAPK, activation of JNK/SAPK in Xenopus oocyte extracts was induced by both the yeast Ste20 and Shk1 kinases, as well as by mammalian Pak1. Our results demonstrate that MAPK cascades that are responsive to PAKs are conserved in higher eukaryotes and suggest that distinct PAKs may regulate distinct MAPK modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Polverino
- Department of Protein Structure, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320-1789, USA
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24
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Marcus S, Polverino A, Chang E, Robbins D, Cobb MH, Wigler MH. Shk1, a homolog of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ste20 and mammalian p65PAK protein kinases, is a component of a Ras/Cdc42 signaling module in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92:6180-4. [PMID: 7597098 PMCID: PMC41666 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.13.6180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe a protein kinase, Shk1, from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which is structurally related to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ste20 and mammalian p65PAK protein kinases. We provide genetic evidence for physical and functional interaction between Shk1 and the Cdc42 GTP-binding protein required for normal cell morphology and mating in S. pombe. We further show that expression of the STE20 gene complements the shk1 null mutation and that Shk1 is capable of signaling to the pheromone-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in S. cerevisiae. Our results lead us to propose that signaling modules composed of small GTP-binding proteins and protein kinases related to Shk1, Ste20, and p65PAK, are highly conserved in evolution and participate in both cytoskeletal functions and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marcus
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY 11724, USA
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25
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Abstract
We have developed a generalized approach, using two hybrid interactions, to isolate Ha-Ras effector loop mutations that separate the ability of Ha-Ras to interact with different downstream effectors. These mutations attenuate or eliminate Ha-ras(G12V) transformation of mammalian cells, but retain complementary activity, as demonstrated by synergistic induction of foci of growth-transformed cells, and by the ability to activate different downstream components. The transformation defect of Ha-ras(G12V, E37G) is rescued by a mutant, raf1, that restores interaction. These results indicate that multiple cellular components, including Raf1, are activated by Ha-Ras and contribute to Ha-Ras-induced mammalian cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A White
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724
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26
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Marcus S, Polverino A, Barr M, Wigler M. Complexes between STE5 and components of the pheromone-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase module. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1994; 91:7762-6. [PMID: 8052657 PMCID: PMC44482 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.91.16.7762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We present genetic evidence for complex formation of STE5 and the STE11, STE7, and FUS3 protein kinases, the pheromone-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase module of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Interaction between STE5 and STE11 is not dependent on STE7, and interaction between STE5 and STE7 does not require STE11. The N-terminal regulatory domain of STE11 is both necessary and sufficient for interaction with STE5. Interaction between STE7 and STE11 is bridged by STE5, suggesting the formation of a multiprotein complex. We also demonstrate biochemical interaction between STE5 and STE11 by using a combination of bacterially expressed fusion proteins and extracts prepared from yeast. Our results suggest that STE5 is a scaffolding protein that facilitates interactions between components of the pheromone-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase module. We further propose that such scaffolding proteins serve to inhibit cross-talk between functionally unrelated mitogen-activated protein kinase modules within the same cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marcus
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY 11724
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Abstract
We used a Saccharomyces cerevisiae genetic system to detect the physical interaction of RAS and RAF oncoproteins. We also observed interaction between RAS and byr2, a protein kinase implicated as a mediator of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe ras1 protein. Interaction with RAS required only the N-terminal domains of RAF or byr2 and was disrupted by mutations in either the guanine nucleotide-binding or effector-loop domains of RAS. We observed interaction between MEK (a kinase that phosphorylates mitogen-activated protein kinases) and the catalytic domain of RAF. RAS and MEK also interacted but only when RAF was overexpressed.
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Bochner F, Graham GG, Polverino A, Imhoff DM, Tregenza RA, Rolan PE, Cleland LG. Salicyl phenolic glucuronide pharmacokinetics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1987; 32:153-8. [PMID: 3582479 DOI: 10.1007/bf00542188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of salicyl phenolic glucuronide (SPG) and other salicylic acid (SA) metabolites were studied at three aspirin dosage regimens in eight patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Each patient received 1, 2 and 4 g enteric coated aspirin (ASA) daily in ascending order. At the end of each 2-week dosage period, plasma and urine were collected over a dosage interval for the estimation of various pharmacokinetic parameters. With increasing ASA dosage, mean clearance of SA to SPG was approximately constant (1.8 +/- 0.3, 1.7 +/- 0.2, and 1.5 +/- 0.2 ml/min at 1, 2 and 4 g/day, respectively) when related to plasma concentrations of total SA. The percentage of the ASA dosage recovered in urine as SPG increased from 5.2 +/- 1.1 to 7.1 +/- 1.1 to 10.5 +/- 1.7 at 1, 2 and 4 g/day, respectively. It was concluded, however, that the conversion of SA to SPG is saturable, since the mean clearance of SA to SPG decreased when calculated with respect to the plasma concentration of unbound SA (13.4 +/- 1.6, 11.0 +/- 1.4, and 6.6 +/- 1.9 ml/min at 1, 2 and 4 g/day, respectively). The kinetics of the formation and excretion of salicylurate and the excretion of gentisate were similar to those found in previous studies.
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