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Wallace A, Houlton S, Garner J. Gastrointestinal procedures and anastomoses can be safely performed during complex abdominal wall reconstruction. Hernia 2023; 27:439-447. [PMID: 36450997 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-022-02727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The literature regarding combined abdominal wall reconstruction and gastrointestinal surgery is limited and largely suggests staged procedures due to a reported increased incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs), hernia recurrence and anastomotic leak, but this exposes patients to the risks of two substantial procedures. This study evaluates the outcomes of single-stage GI surgery with complex abdominal wall reconstructions (CAWR) by a single surgeon. METHODS Analysis of 10 years of a prospectively maintained single surgeon CAWR database compared those who had CAWR-alone with those having concomitant gastrointestinal surgery (CAWR-GI) such as stoma reversal or bowel resection but excluding cholecystectomy, gynaecological surgery and adhesiolysis alone. Groups were compared using the paired t test (continuous data) and Fisher's exact test (nominal data). RESULTS Overall, 62 elective cases (42 CAWR-alone vs. 20 CAWR-GI) were analysed. Baseline demographics (age, BMI, co-morbidities, smoking status and hernia size) showed no differences; CAWR-GI mean operating time was significantly longer compared to the CAWR-alone group (5.4 h vs. 4.1 h) with an increased incidence of post-operative ileus in the intestinal group (40% vs. 11.9%, p < 0.05). Post-operative complications were common (chest infection (32.3%) and SSI (41.9%)), but similar between groups. There were no anastomotic leaks, and the hernia recurrence rate at almost 4 years median follow-up was 10% in both groups. CONCLUSION Performing simultaneous intestinal surgery during complex abdominal wall repair can be performed safely without increasing the risk of hernia recurrence, mesh infections or anastomotic leak. A careful choice of mesh implant is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wallace
- Department of General Surgery, James Cook Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK.
| | - S Houlton
- Department of General Surgery, Rotherham General Hospital, Rotherham, UK
| | - J Garner
- Department of General Surgery, Rotherham General Hospital, Rotherham, UK
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Wallace A, Houlton S, Garner J. P-093 GASTROINTESTINAL PROCEDURES AND ANASTOMOSES CAN BE SAFELY PERFORMED DURING COMPLEX ABDOMINAL WALL RECONSTRUCTION. Br J Surg 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac308.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
The literature regarding combined abdominal wall reconstruction and gastrointestinal surgery is limited and largely suggests staged procedures due to a reported increased incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs), hernia recurrence and anastomotic leak, but this exposes patients to the risks of two substantial procedures. This study aimed to evaluate outcomes of single-stage GI surgery with complex abdominal wall reconstructions (CAWR) by a single surgeon.
Materials & Methods
Analysis of 10 years of a prospectively maintained single surgeon CAWR database compared those who had CAWR-alone with those having concomitant gastrointestinal surgery (CAWR-GI) such as stoma reversal or bowel resection but excluding cholecystectomy, gynaecological surgery and adhesiolysis alone. Groups were compared using the paired t-test (continuous data) and Fisher's exact test (nominal data).
Results
Overall, 62 elective cases (42 CAWR alone v 20 CAWR-GI) were analysed. Baseline demographics (age, BMI, co-morbidities, smoking status and hernia size) showed no differences; CAWR-GI mean operating time was significantly longer compared to the CAWR-alone group (5.4hrs vs 4.1hrs) with an increased incidence of post-operative ileus in the intestinal group (40% vs 11.9%, p<0.05). Post-operative complications were common (chest infection (32.3%) and SSI (41.9%)), but similar between groups. There were no anastomotic leaks and the hernia recurrence rate at almost 4 years follow up was 10% in both groups.
Conclusion
Performing simultaneous intestinal surgery during complex abdominal wall repair can be performed safely without increasing the risk of hernia recurrence, mesh infections or anastomotic leak.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wallace
- General Surgery, James Cook Hospital , Middlesbrough , United Kingdom
| | - S Houlton
- General Surgery, Rotherham General Hospital , Rotherham , United Kingdom
| | - J Garner
- General Surgery, Rotherham General Hospital , Rotherham , United Kingdom
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Oezkan F, Hilz S, Grindheim J, Wallace A, Seweryn M, Reuben A, Zhang J, Owen D, Nicholas A, Yadav M, Nagarkar D, de Almeida P, Ebert P, Osborne E, Johnson A, Lee J, Bunn P, Johnson B, Chaft J, Kris M, Rusch V, Schulze K, Kwiatkowski D, Wistuba I, Carbone D. OA14.06 T-Cell Dynamics in Response to Neoadjuvant Atezolizumab in Early NSCLC by Antigen Response and T-Cell Receptor Sequencing. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Morgan N, Bhuiyan M, Wallace A, Hopcroft R. Comparing a single dose of xylanase to a double dose or cocktail of non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes in broiler chicken diets. Journal of Applied Animal Nutrition 2022. [DOI: 10.3920/jaan2022.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study compared supplementation with a single dose of xylanase to a double dose of xylanase or a non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) degrading enzyme cocktail (NSP-ase cocktail) on productive performance, nutrient utilisation and the gastrointestinal environment in broilers fed commercial diets. Cobb 500 broilers (n=1,080) were fed 12 dietary treatments; four Australian commercial diets (based on wheat-barley, wheat-maize, wheat-sorghum or wheat only) with three different enzyme treatments (single dose of xylanase (16,000 BXU/kg), double dose of xylanase (32,000 BXU/kg) or NSP-ase cocktail (xylanase, β-glucanase, cellulase, pectinase, mannanase, galactanase, arabinofuranosidase). There were 108 pens, nine replicates per dietary treatment, with 10 birds per pen. Performance (total pen body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio corrected for mortality) was determined at d 0-35. On d 35, one male and one female were weighed individually and used to determine breast meat, thigh and drumstick weight, dry matter (DM) contents from the gizzard, jejunum and ileum, ileal protein, energy, starch and dry matter digestibility, ileal viscosity and xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) concentration, caecal microbiota and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) composition. The double dose of xylanase and NSP-ase cocktail had no effect on bird performance, meat yield, ileal viscosity, ileal starch, energy or DM digestibility or digesta DM content. The double xylanase dose and NSP-ase cocktail increased protein digestibility in birds fed the wheat-sorghum based diet (P=0.041) and increased caecal concentration of butyric acid in birds fed the wheat-maize based diet (P=0.040), and propionic, valeric and lactic acid and Bifidobacteria and Enterobacteria spp. in birds fed the wheat-based diet (P<0.05). The double xylanase dose increased XOS production, particularly in birds fed the wheat-barley based diets (P<0.05). The lack of performance effects observed when feeding the double xylanase dose or NSP-ase cocktail suggested that the current recommended xylanase dose (16,000 BXU/kg) is sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Morgan
- Curtin University, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Bentley, Western Australia, 6102, Australia
- University of New England, School of Rural and Environmental Sciences, Armidale, New South Wales, 2350, Australia
| | - M.M. Bhuiyan
- University of New England, School of Rural and Environmental Sciences, Armidale, New South Wales, 2350, Australia
| | - A. Wallace
- University of New England, School of Rural and Environmental Sciences, Armidale, New South Wales, 2350, Australia
| | - R. Hopcroft
- Inghams Enterprises Pty Ltd, North Ryde, New South Wales, 1670, Australia
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Guilliams KP, Gupta N, Srinivasan S, Binkley MM, Ying C, Couture L, Gross J, Wallace A, McKinstry RC, Vo K, Lee JM, An H, Goyal MS. MR Imaging Differences in the Circle of Willis between Healthy Children and Adults. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:2062-2069. [PMID: 34556478 PMCID: PMC8583273 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Asymmetries in the circle of Willis have been associated with several conditions, including migraines and stroke, but they may also be age-dependent. This study examined the impact of age and age-dependent changes in cerebral perfusion on circle of Willis anatomy in healthy children and adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed an observational, cross-sectional study of bright and black-blood imaging of the proximal cerebral vasculature using TOF-MRA and T2 sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts by using different flip angle evolution (T2-SPACE) imaging at the level of the circle of Willis in 23 healthy children and 43 healthy adults (4-74 years of age). We compared arterial diameters measured manually and cerebral perfusion via pseudocontinuous arterial spin-labeling between children and adults. RESULTS We found that the summed cross-sectional area of the circle of Willis is larger in children than in adults, though the effect size was smaller with T2-SPACE-based measurements than with TOF-MRA. The circle of Willis is also more symmetric in children, and nonvisualized segments occur more frequently in adults than in children. Moreover, the size and symmetry of the circle of Willis correlate with cerebral perfusion. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that the circle of Willis is different in size and symmetry in healthy children compared with adults, likely associated with developmental changes in cerebral perfusion. Further work is needed to understand why asymmetric vasculature develops in some but not all adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Guilliams
- From the Department of Neurology (K.P.G., M.M.B., J.-M.L., M.S.G.)
- Department of Pediatrics (K.P.G., R.C.M.)
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - N Gupta
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - S Srinivasan
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - M M Binkley
- From the Department of Neurology (K.P.G., M.M.B., J.-M.L., M.S.G.)
| | - C Ying
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - L Couture
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - J Gross
- Division of Neuroradiology (J.G.), Midwest Radiology, St. Paul, Minnesota
| | - A Wallace
- Department of Neurointerventional Surgery (A.W.), Ascension Columbia St. Mary's Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - R C McKinstry
- Department of Pediatrics (K.P.G., R.C.M.)
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - K Vo
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - J-M Lee
- From the Department of Neurology (K.P.G., M.M.B., J.-M.L., M.S.G.)
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (J.-M.L.)
| | - H An
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
| | - M S Goyal
- From the Department of Neurology (K.P.G., M.M.B., J.-M.L., M.S.G.)
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (K.P.G., N.G., S.S., C.Y., L.C., R.C.M., K.V., J.-M.L., H.A., M.S.G.)
- Neuroscience (M.S.G.), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is an autosomal dominant condition caused by pathogenic variants in the NF2 gene. The pathogenic variant is either inherited or obtained by de novo mutation, characterised by the presence of schwannomas, meningiomas and ependymomas. Here we report the presence of NF2 in one twin, with bilateral vestibular schwannomas and a pathogenic variant of the NF2 gene identified in both tumour and lymphocytes, while his monozygous brother remains asymptomatic. Imaging of the unaffected twin showed no tumour load and genetic testing via Sanger sequencing and Amplification Refractory Mutation System assay demonstrated low levels of expression of the NF2 variant in lymphocytes. Further testing on non-haemopoietic tissue showed little expression or absence of the pathogenic variant. Given there is no family history and the low level of the variant, we assume the pathogenic variant is a de novo mutation during embryogenesis. De novo mutations have been described as occurring at three possible time points in the creation of monozygous twins with different genetic make-up; prior to the twinning event, as a cause of the event, or after the twinning event. Of these options, we hypothesise that the discordance in the expression of the NF2 variant between these twins is likely due to a mutational event that occurred as a result of either of the latter two possibilities, between which we cannot determine. The pathogenic variant in lymphocytes was likely transferred between the twins through a shared blood supply in utero, and the non-haemopoietic samples that showed low levels of expression, were likely due to the presence of lymphocytic cells. Therefore, we have a discordance between monozygous twins at the NF2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Amico
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Science, Department of Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
| | - P Smith
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Science, Department of Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Tobi
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Science, Department of Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - M Perry
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Science, Department of Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - A Wallace
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Science, Department of Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - D G Evans
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Science, Department of Genomic Medicine, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester, Manchester University Hospital Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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7
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Aartsen MG, Abbasi R, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Alispach C, Amin NM, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Balagopal A, Barbano A, Barwick SW, Bastian B, Basu V, Baum V, Baur S, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Becker KH, Becker Tjus J, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Böser S, Botner O, Böttcher J, Bourbeau E, Bourbeau J, Bradascio F, Braun J, Bron S, Brostean-Kaiser J, Burgman A, Buscher J, Busse RS, Carver T, Chen C, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Choi S, Clark BA, Clark K, Classen L, Coleman A, Collin GH, Conrad JM, Coppin P, Correa P, Cowen DF, Cross R, Dave P, De Clercq C, DeLaunay JJ, Dembinski H, Deoskar K, De Ridder S, Desai A, Desiati P, de Vries KD, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Dharani S, Diaz A, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dujmovic H, Dunkman M, DuVernois MA, Dvorak E, Ehrhardt T, Eller P, Engel R, Evenson PA, Fahey S, Fazely AR, Fedynitch A, Felde J, Fienberg AT, Filimonov K, Finley C, Fox D, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fritz A, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Ganster E, Garrappa S, Gerhardt L, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Gonzalez JG, Grant D, Grégoire T, Griffith Z, Griswold S, Günder M, Gündüz M, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halliday R, Halve L, Halzen F, Hanson K, Hardin J, Haungs A, Hauser S, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Heix P, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Henningsen F, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Hoinka T, Hokanson-Fasig B, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Huber T, Hultqvist K, Hünnefeld M, Hussain R, In S, Iovine N, Ishihara A, Jansson M, Japaridze GS, Jeong M, Jones BJP, Jonske F, Joppe R, Kang D, Kang W, Kappes A, Kappesser D, Karg T, Karl M, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Kellermann M, Kelley JL, Kheirandish A, Kim J, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein SR, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Koundal P, Kowalski M, Krings K, Krückl G, Kulacz N, Kurahashi N, Kyriacou A, Lanfranchi JL, Larson MJ, Lauber F, Lazar JP, Leonard K, Leszczyńska A, Li Y, Liu QR, Lohfink E, Lozano Mariscal CJ, Lu L, Lucarelli F, Ludwig A, Lünemann J, Luszczak W, Lyu Y, Ma WY, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn KBM, Makino Y, Mallik P, Mancina S, Mariş IC, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, McNally F, Meagher K, Medici M, Medina A, Meier M, Meighen-Berger S, Merz J, Meures T, Micallef J, Mockler D, Momenté G, Montaruli T, Moore RW, Morse R, Moulai M, Muth P, Nagai R, Naumann U, Neer G, Nguyen LV, Niederhausen H, Nisa MU, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke Pollmann A, Oehler M, Olivas A, O'Murchadha A, O'Sullivan E, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova DV, Park N, Parker GK, Paudel EN, Peiffer P, Pérez de Los Heros C, Philippen S, Pieloth D, Pieper S, Pinat E, Pizzuto A, Plum M, Popovych Y, Porcelli A, Prado Rodriguez M, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Raab C, Raissi A, Rameez M, Rauch L, Rawlins K, Rea IC, Rehman A, Reimann R, Relethford B, Renschler M, Renzi G, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Riedel B, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk Cantu D, Safa I, Sanchez Herrera SE, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Santander M, Sarkar S, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Scharf M, Schaufel M, Schieler H, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schneider A, Schneider J, Schröder FG, Schumacher L, Sclafani S, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Shefali S, Silva M, Smithers B, Snihur R, Soedingrekso J, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stachurska J, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stein R, Stettner J, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Strotjohann NL, Stürwald T, Stuttard T, Sullivan GW, Taboada I, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tilav S, Tollefson K, Tomankova L, Tönnis C, Toscano S, Tosi D, Trettin A, Tselengidou M, Tung CF, Turcati A, Turcotte R, Turley CF, Ty B, Unger E, Unland Elorrieta MA, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, Van Driessche W, van Eijk D, van Eijndhoven N, Vannerom D, van Santen J, Verpoest S, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Watson TB, Weaver C, Weindl A, Weiss MJ, Weldert J, Wendt C, Werthebach J, Whelan BJ, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Williams DR, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood TR, Woschnagg K, Wrede G, Wulff J, Xu XW, Xu Y, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Yuan T, Zhang Z, Zöcklein M. eV-Scale Sterile Neutrino Search Using Eight Years of Atmospheric Muon Neutrino Data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:141801. [PMID: 33064514 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.141801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The results of a 3+1 sterile neutrino search using eight years of data from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory are presented. A total of 305 735 muon neutrino events are analyzed in reconstructed energy-zenith space to test for signatures of a matter-enhanced oscillation that would occur given a sterile neutrino state with a mass-squared differences between 0.01 and 100 eV^{2}. The best-fit point is found to be at sin^{2}(2θ_{24})=0.10 and Δm_{41}^{2}=4.5 eV^{2}, which is consistent with the no sterile neutrino hypothesis with a p value of 8.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - R Abbasi
- Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, USA
| | | | - J Adams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J A Aguilar
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Ahlers
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Ahrens
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Alispach
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - N M Amin
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - K Andeen
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA
| | - T Anderson
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - I Ansseau
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Anton
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Argüelles
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Auffenberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Axani
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - H Bagherpour
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - X Bai
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - A Balagopal
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Barbano
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - S W Barwick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | | | - V Basu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - V Baum
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Baur
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J J Beatty
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - K-H Becker
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Becker Tjus
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | - D Z Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - G Binder
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Bindig
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E Blaufuss
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Blot
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C Bohm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Böser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - O Botner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Böttcher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E Bourbeau
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Bourbeau
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - J Braun
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Bron
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | | | - A Burgman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Buscher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R S Busse
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - T Carver
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - C Chen
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - E Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Chirkin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - B A Clark
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - K Clark
- SNOLAB, 1039 Regional Road 24, Creighton Mine 9, Lively, Ontario P3Y 1N2, Canada
| | - L Classen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - A Coleman
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - G H Collin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J M Conrad
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Coppin
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Correa
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D F Cowen
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - R Cross
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - P Dave
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - C De Clercq
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J DeLaunay
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - H Dembinski
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - K Deoskar
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S De Ridder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - A Desai
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - P Desiati
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K D de Vries
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G de Wasseige
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M de With
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T DeYoung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Dharani
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Diaz
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J C Díaz-Vélez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - H Dujmovic
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Dunkman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M A DuVernois
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Dvorak
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - T Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Eller
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - R Engel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P A Evenson
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Fahey
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A R Fazely
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Lousiana 70813, USA
| | - A Fedynitch
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, the University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - J Felde
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A T Fienberg
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - K Filimonov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Finley
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Fox
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | | | - E Friedman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Fritz
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T K Gaisser
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Ganster
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - L Gerhardt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T Glauch
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Glüsenkamp
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Gonzalez
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D Grant
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Grégoire
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Z Griffith
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Griswold
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - M Günder
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gündüz
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - C Haack
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Hallgren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Halliday
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L Halve
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Halzen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Hanson
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Hardin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Haungs
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - S Hauser
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Hebecker
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Heereman
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Heix
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Helbing
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R Hellauer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F Henningsen
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Hickford
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Hignight
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - G C Hill
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - K D Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - T Hoinka
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - B Hokanson-Fasig
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Hoshina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - F Huang
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M Huber
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Huber
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Hultqvist
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Hünnefeld
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Hussain
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S In
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - N Iovine
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Ishihara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - M Jansson
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G S Japaridze
- CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, USA
| | - M Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - B J P Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Room 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - F Jonske
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R Joppe
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Kang
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - W Kang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - A Kappes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Kappesser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Karg
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - M Karl
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Karle
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - U Katz
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Kellermann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J L Kelley
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Kheirandish
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | | | - J Kiryluk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Kittler
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S R Klein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Koirala
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - H Kolanoski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Kopper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Kopper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - D J Koskinen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P Koundal
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Kowalski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Krings
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Krückl
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N Kulacz
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - N Kurahashi
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - A Kyriacou
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - J L Lanfranchi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M J Larson
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F Lauber
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J P Lazar
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Leonard
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Leszczyńska
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Y Li
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Q R Liu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Lohfink
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C J Lozano Mariscal
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - L Lu
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - F Lucarelli
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - A Ludwig
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J Lünemann
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - W Luszczak
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Y Lyu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Y Ma
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Madsen
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - G Maggi
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K B M Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Y Makino
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - P Mallik
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Mancina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - I C Mariş
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Maruyama
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Mase
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - R Maunu
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F McNally
- Department of Physics, Mercer University, Macon, Georgia 31207-0001, USA
| | - K Meagher
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Medici
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Medina
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M Meier
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Meighen-Berger
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Merz
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - T Meures
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Micallef
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Mockler
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Momenté
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Montaruli
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - R W Moore
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - R Morse
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Moulai
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Muth
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R Nagai
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - U Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - G Neer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L V Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Niederhausen
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M U Nisa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S C Nowicki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D R Nygren
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - M Oehler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Olivas
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A O'Murchadha
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E O'Sullivan
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Palczewski
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Pandya
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D V Pankova
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - N Park
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G K Parker
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Room 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - E N Paudel
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - P Peiffer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Pérez de Los Heros
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Philippen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Pieloth
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Pieper
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E Pinat
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Pizzuto
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Plum
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA
| | - Y Popovych
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Porcelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - M Prado Rodriguez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - P B Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G T Przybylski
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Raab
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Raissi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - M Rameez
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Rauch
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Rawlins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA
| | - I C Rea
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Rehman
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - R Reimann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Relethford
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Renschler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - G Renzi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Resconi
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Rhode
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Richman
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - B Riedel
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Robertson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Rongen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - T Ruhe
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Ryckbosch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D Rysewyk Cantu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - I Safa
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S E Sanchez Herrera
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Sandrock
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Sandroos
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Santander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | - M Scharf
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Schaufel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - H Schieler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Schlunder
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Schneider
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Schneider
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - F G Schröder
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - L Schumacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Sclafani
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - D Seckel
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Seunarine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - S Shefali
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Silva
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B Smithers
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Room 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - R Snihur
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Soedingrekso
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Soldin
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - M Song
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - G M Spiczak
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | | | | | - M Stamatikos
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T Stanev
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - R Stein
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Stettner
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Steuer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Stezelberger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Stokstad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Stößl
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - T Stürwald
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stuttard
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G W Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - I Taboada
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - F Tenholt
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Ter-Antonyan
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Lousiana 70813, USA
| | | | - S Tilav
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - K Tollefson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L Tomankova
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - C Tönnis
- Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - S Toscano
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Tosi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - M Tselengidou
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C F Tung
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - A Turcati
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Turcotte
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C F Turley
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - B Ty
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M A Unland Elorrieta
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Usner
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Vandenbroucke
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - W Van Driessche
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D van Eijk
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - N van Eijndhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Vannerom
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - S Verpoest
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - M Vraeghe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - C Walck
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Wallace
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - M Wallraff
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - T B Watson
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Room 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - C Weaver
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - A Weindl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M J Weiss
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J Weldert
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Wendt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Werthebach
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - B J Whelan
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - N Whitehorn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - K Wiebe
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C H Wiebusch
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D R Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - L Wills
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Wolf
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T R Wood
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - K Woschnagg
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Wrede
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - J Wulff
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - X W Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Lousiana 70813, USA
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J P Yanez
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - S Yoshida
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Zöcklein
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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Aartsen M, Abbasi R, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar J, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Alispach C, Amin N, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Balagopal V. A, Barbano A, Barwick S, Bastian B, Basu V, Baum V, Baur S, Bay R, Beatty J, Becker KH, Becker Tjus J, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson D, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Böser S, Botner O, Böttcher J, Bourbeau E, Bourbeau J, Bradascio F, Braun J, Bron S, Brostean-Kaiser J, Burgman A, Buscher J, Busse R, Carver T, Chen C, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Choi S, Clark B, Clark K, Classen L, Coleman A, Collin G, Conrad J, Coppin P, Correa P, Cowen D, Cross R, Dave P, De Clercq C, DeLaunay J, Dembinski H, Deoskar K, De Ridder S, Desai A, Desiati P, de Vries K, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Dharani S, Diaz A, Díaz-Vélez J, Dujmovic H, Dunkman M, DuVernois M, Dvorak E, Ehrhardt T, Eller P, Engel R, Evenson P, Fahey S, Fazely A, Fedynitch A, Felde J, Fienberg A, Filimonov K, Finley C, Fox D, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fritz A, Gaisser T, Gallagher J, Ganster E, Garrappa S, Gerhardt L, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Gonzalez J, Grant D, Grégoire T, Griffith Z, Griswold S, Günder M, Gündüz M, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halliday R, Halve L, Halzen F, Hanson K, Hardin J, Haungs A, Hauser S, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Heix P, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Henningsen F, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill G, Hoffman K, Hoffmann R, Hoinka T, Hokanson-Fasig B, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Huber T, Hultqvist K, Hünnefeld M, Hussain R, In S, Iovine N, Ishihara A, Jansson M, Japaridze G, Jeong M, Jones B, Jonske F, Joppe R, Kang D, Kang W, Kappes A, Kappesser D, Karg T, Karl M, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Kellermann M, Kelley J, Kheirandish A, Kim J, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein S, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen D, Koundal P, Kowalski M, Krings K, Krückl G, Kulacz N, Kurahashi N, Kyriacou A, Lanfranchi J, Larson M, Lauber F, Lazar J, Leonard K, Leszczyńska A, Li Y, Liu Q, Lohfink E, Lozano Mariscal C, Lu L, Lucarelli F, Ludwig A, Lünemann J, Luszczak W, Lyu Y, Ma W, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn K, Makino Y, Mallik P, Mancina S, Mariş I, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, McNally F, Meagher K, Medici M, Medina A, Meier M, Meighen-Berger S, Merz J, Meures T, Micallef J, Mockler D, Momenté G, Montaruli T, Moore R, Morse R, Moulai M, Muth P, Nagai R, Naumann U, Neer G, Nguyen L, Niederhausen H, Nisa M, Nowicki S, Nygren D, Obertacke Pollmann A, Oehler M, Olivas A, O’Murchadha A, O’Sullivan E, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova D, Park N, Parker G, Paudel E, Peiffer P, Pérez de los Heros C, Philippen S, Pieloth D, Pieper S, Pinat E, Pizzuto A, Plum M, Popovych Y, Porcelli A, Prado Rodriguez M, Price P, Przybylski G, Raab C, Raissi A, Rameez M, Rauch L, Rawlins K, Rea I, Rehman A, Reimann R, Relethford B, Renschler M, Renzi G, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Riedel B, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk Cantu D, Safa I, Sanchez Herrera S, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Santander M, Sarkar S, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Scharf M, Schaufel M, Schieler H, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schneider A, Schneider J, Schröder F, Schumacher L, Sclafani S, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Shefali S, Silva M, Smithers B, Snihur R, Soedingrekso J, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak G, Spiering C, Stachurska J, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stein R, Stettner J, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad R, Stößl A, Strotjohann N, Stürwald T, Stuttard T, Sullivan G, Taboada I, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tilav S, Tollefson K, Tomankova L, Tönnis C, Toscano S, Tosi D, Trettin A, Tselengidou M, Tung C, Turcati A, Turcotte R, Turley C, Ty B, Unger E, Unland Elorrieta M, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, Van Driessche W, van Eijk D, van Eijndhoven N, Vannerom D, van Santen J, Verpoest S, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Watson T, Weaver C, Weindl A, Weiss M, Weldert J, Wendt C, Werthebach J, Whelan B, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch C, Williams D, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood T, Woschnagg K, Wrede G, Wulff J, Xu X, Xu Y, Yanez J, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Yuan T, Zhang Z, Zöcklein M. Searching for eV-scale sterile neutrinos with eight years of atmospheric neutrinos at the IceCube Neutrino Telescope. Int J Clin Exp Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.102.052009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Aartsen MG, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Alispach C, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Backes P, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Balagopal V A, Barbano A, Barwick SW, Bastian B, Baum V, Baur S, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Becker KH, Becker Tjus J, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Böser S, Botner O, Böttcher J, Bourbeau E, Bourbeau J, Bradascio F, Braun J, Bron S, Brostean-Kaiser J, Burgman A, Buscher J, Busse RS, Carver T, Chen C, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Choi S, Clark K, Classen L, Coleman A, Collin GH, Conrad JM, Coppin P, Correa P, Cowen DF, Cross R, Dave P, De Clercq C, DeLaunay JJ, Dembinski H, Deoskar K, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries KD, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Diaz A, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dujmovic H, Dunkman M, Dvorak E, Eberhardt B, Ehrhardt T, Eller P, Engel R, Evenson PA, Fahey S, Fazely AR, Felde J, Filimonov K, Finley C, Fox D, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fritz A, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Ganster E, Garrappa S, Gerhardt L, Ghorbani K, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Gonzalez JG, Grant D, Grégoire T, Griffith Z, Griswold S, Günder M, Gündüz M, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halliday R, Halve L, Halzen F, Hanson K, Haungs A, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Heix P, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Henningsen F, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Hoinka T, Hokanson-Fasig B, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Huber T, Hultqvist K, Hünnefeld M, Hussain R, In S, Iovine N, Ishihara A, Jansson M, Japaridze GS, Jeong M, Jero K, Jones BJP, Jonske F, Joppe R, Kang D, Kang W, Kappes A, Kappesser D, Karg T, Karl M, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Kelley JL, Kheirandish A, Kim J, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein SR, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krings K, Krückl G, Kulacz N, Kurahashi N, Kyriacou A, Lanfranchi JL, Larson MJ, Lauber F, Lazar JP, Leonard K, Lesiak-Bzdak M, Leszczyńska A, Leuermann M, Liu QR, Lohfink E, Lozano Mariscal CJ, Lu L, Lucarelli F, Lünemann J, Luszczak W, Lyu Y, Ma WY, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn KBM, Makino Y, Mallik P, Mallot K, Mancina S, Mariş IC, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, McNally F, Meagher K, Medici M, Medina A, Meier M, Meighen-Berger S, Merino G, Meures T, Micallef J, Mockler D, Momenté G, Montaruli T, Moore RW, Morse R, Moulai M, Muth P, Nagai R, Naumann U, Neer G, Niederhausen H, Nisa MU, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke Pollmann A, Oehler M, Olivas A, O'Murchadha A, O'Sullivan E, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova DV, Park N, Peiffer P, Pérez de Los Heros C, Philippen S, Pieloth D, Pieper S, Pinat E, Pizzuto A, Plum M, Porcelli A, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Raab C, Raissi A, Rameez M, Rauch L, Rawlins K, Rea IC, Rehman A, Reimann R, Relethford B, Renschler M, Renzi G, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk D, Safa I, Sanchez Herrera SE, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Santander M, Sarkar S, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schaufel M, Schieler H, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schneider A, Schneider J, Schröder FG, Schumacher L, Sclafani S, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Shefali S, Silva M, Snihur R, Soedingrekso J, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stachurska J, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stein R, Stettner J, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Strotjohann NL, Stürwald T, Stuttard T, Sullivan GW, Taboada I, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tilav S, Tollefson K, Tomankova L, Tönnis C, Toscano S, Tosi D, Trettin A, Tselengidou M, Tung CF, Turcati A, Turcotte R, Turley CF, Ty B, Unger E, Unland Elorrieta MA, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, Van Driessche W, van Eijk D, van Eijndhoven N, van Santen J, Verpoest S, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Wandkowsky N, Watson TB, Weaver C, Weindl A, Weiss MJ, Weldert J, Wendt C, Werthebach J, Whelan BJ, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Wille L, Williams DR, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood J, Wood TR, Woschnagg K, Wrede G, Xu DL, Xu XW, Xu Y, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Yuan T, Zöcklein M. Characteristics of the Diffuse Astrophysical Electron and Tau Neutrino Flux with Six Years of IceCube High Energy Cascade Data. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:121104. [PMID: 33016752 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.121104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first measurement of the astrophysical neutrino flux using particle showers (cascades) in IceCube data from 2010-2015. Assuming standard oscillations, the astrophysical neutrinos in this dedicated cascade sample are dominated (∼90%) by electron and tau flavors. The flux, observed in the sensitive energy range from 16 TeV to 2.6 PeV, is consistent with a single power-law model as expected from Fermi-type acceleration of high energy particles at astrophysical sources. We find the flux spectral index to be γ=2.53±0.07 and a flux normalization for each neutrino flavor of ϕ_{astro}=1.66_{-0.27}^{+0.25} at E_{0}=100 TeV, in agreement with IceCube's complementary muon neutrino results and with all-neutrino flavor fit results. In the measured energy range we reject spectral indices γ≤2.28 at ≥3σ significance level. Because of high neutrino energy resolution and low atmospheric neutrino backgrounds, this analysis provides the most detailed characterization of the neutrino flux at energies below ∼100 TeV compared to previous IceCube results. Results from fits assuming more complex neutrino flux models suggest a flux softening at high energies and a flux hardening at low energies (p value ≥0.06). The sizable and smooth flux measured below ∼100 TeV remains a puzzle. In order to not violate the isotropic diffuse gamma-ray background as measured by the Fermi Large Area Telescope, it suggests the existence of astrophysical neutrino sources characterized by dense environments which are opaque to gamma rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - J Adams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J A Aguilar
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Ahlers
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Ahrens
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Alispach
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - K Andeen
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53201, USA
| | - T Anderson
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - I Ansseau
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Anton
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Argüelles
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Auffenberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Axani
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Backes
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - H Bagherpour
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - X Bai
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - A Balagopal V
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Barbano
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - S W Barwick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | | | - V Baum
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Baur
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J J Beatty
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - K-H Becker
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Becker Tjus
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | - D Z Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - G Binder
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Bindig
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E Blaufuss
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Blot
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C Bohm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Böser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - O Botner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Böttcher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E Bourbeau
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Bourbeau
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - J Braun
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Bron
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | | | - A Burgman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Buscher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R S Busse
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - T Carver
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - C Chen
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - E Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Chirkin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K Clark
- SNOLAB, 1039 Regional Road 24, Creighton Mine 9, Lively, Ontario, Canada P3Y 1N2
| | - L Classen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - A Coleman
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - G H Collin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J M Conrad
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Coppin
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Correa
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D F Cowen
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - R Cross
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - P Dave
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - C De Clercq
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J DeLaunay
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - H Dembinski
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - K Deoskar
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S De Ridder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - P Desiati
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K D de Vries
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G de Wasseige
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M de With
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T DeYoung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Diaz
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J C Díaz-Vélez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - H Dujmovic
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Dunkman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - E Dvorak
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - B Eberhardt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Eller
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - R Engel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P A Evenson
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Fahey
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A R Fazely
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - J Felde
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - K Filimonov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Finley
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Fox
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | | | - E Friedman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Fritz
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T K Gaisser
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Ganster
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - L Gerhardt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Ghorbani
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Glauch
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Glüsenkamp
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Gonzalez
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D Grant
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - T Grégoire
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Z Griffith
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Griswold
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - M Günder
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gündüz
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - C Haack
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Hallgren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Halliday
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L Halve
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Halzen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Hanson
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Haungs
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - D Hebecker
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Heereman
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Heix
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Helbing
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R Hellauer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F Henningsen
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Hickford
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Hignight
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - G C Hill
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - K D Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - T Hoinka
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - B Hokanson-Fasig
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Hoshina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - F Huang
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M Huber
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Huber
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Hultqvist
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Hünnefeld
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Hussain
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S In
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - N Iovine
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Ishihara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - M Jansson
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G S Japaridze
- CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, USA
| | - M Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K Jero
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B J P Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - F Jonske
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R Joppe
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Kang
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - W Kang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - A Kappes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Kappesser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Karg
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - M Karl
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Karle
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - U Katz
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J L Kelley
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Kheirandish
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | | | - J Kiryluk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Kittler
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S R Klein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Koirala
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - H Kolanoski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Kopper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Kopper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - D J Koskinen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Kowalski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Krings
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Krückl
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N Kulacz
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - N Kurahashi
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - A Kyriacou
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - J L Lanfranchi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M J Larson
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F Lauber
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J P Lazar
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Leonard
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Lesiak-Bzdak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Leszczyńska
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Leuermann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q R Liu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Lohfink
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C J Lozano Mariscal
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - L Lu
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - F Lucarelli
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - J Lünemann
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - W Luszczak
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Y Lyu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Y Ma
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Madsen
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - G Maggi
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K B M Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Y Makino
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - P Mallik
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Mallot
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Mancina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - I C Mariş
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Maruyama
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Mase
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - R Maunu
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F McNally
- Department of Physics, Mercer University, Macon, Georgia 31207-0001, USA
| | - K Meagher
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Medici
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Medina
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M Meier
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Meighen-Berger
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Merino
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Meures
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Micallef
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Mockler
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Momenté
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Montaruli
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - R W Moore
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - R Morse
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Moulai
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Muth
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R Nagai
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - U Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - G Neer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Niederhausen
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M U Nisa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S C Nowicki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D R Nygren
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - M Oehler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Olivas
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A O'Murchadha
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E O'Sullivan
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Palczewski
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Pandya
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D V Pankova
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - N Park
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - P Peiffer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Pérez de Los Heros
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Philippen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Pieloth
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Pieper
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E Pinat
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Pizzuto
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Plum
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53201, USA
| | - A Porcelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - P B Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G T Przybylski
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Raab
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Raissi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - M Rameez
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Rauch
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Rawlins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA
| | - I C Rea
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Rehman
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - R Reimann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Relethford
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Renschler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - G Renzi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Resconi
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Rhode
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Richman
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - S Robertson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Rongen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - T Ruhe
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Ryckbosch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D Rysewyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - I Safa
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S E Sanchez Herrera
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Sandrock
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Sandroos
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Santander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | | | - M Schaufel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - H Schieler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Schlunder
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Schneider
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Schneider
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - F G Schröder
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - L Schumacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Sclafani
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - D Seckel
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Seunarine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - S Shefali
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Silva
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - R Snihur
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Soedingrekso
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Soldin
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - M Song
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - G M Spiczak
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | | | | | - M Stamatikos
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T Stanev
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - R Stein
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Stettner
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Steuer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Stezelberger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Stokstad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Stößl
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - T Stürwald
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stuttard
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G W Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - I Taboada
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - F Tenholt
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Ter-Antonyan
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | | | - S Tilav
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - K Tollefson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L Tomankova
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - C Tönnis
- Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - S Toscano
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Tosi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - M Tselengidou
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C F Tung
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - A Turcati
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Turcotte
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C F Turley
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - B Ty
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M A Unland Elorrieta
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Usner
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Vandenbroucke
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - W Van Driessche
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D van Eijk
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - N van Eijndhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - S Verpoest
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - M Vraeghe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - C Walck
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Wallace
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - M Wallraff
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - N Wandkowsky
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T B Watson
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates Street, Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - C Weaver
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - A Weindl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M J Weiss
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J Weldert
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Wendt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Werthebach
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B J Whelan
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - N Whitehorn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - K Wiebe
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C H Wiebusch
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Wille
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - D R Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - L Wills
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Wolf
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Wood
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T R Wood
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - K Woschnagg
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Wrede
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D L Xu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - X W Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J P Yanez
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - S Yoshida
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Zöcklein
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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DW W, ST K, Wallace A. Quantitative Radiographic Measurement of Stifle Effusion-Synovitis as a Predictor for Cruciate and Meniscal Disease in Dogs. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1712883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Walmsley DW
- Animal Referral Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kudnig ST
- Animal Referral Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - A Wallace
- Animal Referral Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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11
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Aartsen MG, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Alispach C, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Backes P, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Balagopal A, Barbano A, Barwick SW, Bastian B, Baum V, Baur S, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Becker KH, Becker Tjus J, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Börner M, Böser S, Botner O, Böttcher J, Bourbeau E, Bourbeau J, Bradascio F, Braun J, Bron S, Brostean-Kaiser J, Burgman A, Buscher J, Busse RS, Carver T, Chen C, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Choi S, Clark K, Classen L, Coleman A, Collin GH, Conrad JM, Coppin P, Correa P, Cowen DF, Cross R, Dave P, De Clercq C, DeLaunay JJ, Dembinski H, Deoskar K, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries KD, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Diaz A, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dujmovic H, Dunkman M, Dvorak E, Eberhardt B, Ehrhardt T, Eller P, Engel R, Evenson PA, Fahey S, Fazely AR, Felde J, Filimonov K, Finley C, Fox D, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fritz A, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Ganster E, Garrappa S, Gerhardt L, Ghorbani K, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Gonzalez JG, Grant D, Griffith Z, Griswold S, Günder M, Gündüz M, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halliday R, Halve L, Halzen F, Hanson K, Haungs A, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Heix P, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Henningsen F, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Hoinka T, Hokanson-Fasig B, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Huber T, Hultqvist K, Hünnefeld M, Hussain R, In S, Iovine N, Ishihara A, Japaridze GS, Jeong M, Jero K, Jones BJP, Jonske F, Joppe R, Kang D, Kang W, Kappes A, Kappesser D, Karg T, Karl M, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Kelley JL, Kheirandish A, Kim J, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein SR, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krings K, Krückl G, Kulacz N, Kurahashi N, Kyriacou A, Labare M, Lanfranchi JL, Larson MJ, Lauber F, Lazar JP, Leonard K, Leszczyńska A, Leuermann M, Liu QR, Lohfink E, Lozano Mariscal CJ, Lu L, Lucarelli F, Lünemann J, Luszczak W, Lyu Y, Ma WY, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn KBM, Makino Y, Mallik P, Mallot K, Mancina S, Mariş IC, Maruyama R, Mase K, Matis HS, Maunu R, McNally F, Meagher K, Medici M, Medina A, Meier M, Meighen-Berger S, Menne T, Merino G, Meures T, Micallef J, Mockler D, Momenté G, Montaruli T, Moore RW, Morse R, Moulai M, Muth P, Nagai R, Naumann U, Neer G, Niederhausen H, Nisa MU, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke Pollmann A, Oehler M, Olivas A, O'Murchadha A, O'Sullivan E, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova DV, Park N, Peiffer P, Pérez de Los Heros C, Philippen S, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Pizzuto A, Plum M, Porcelli A, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Raab C, Raissi A, Rameez M, Rauch L, Rawlins K, Rea IC, Reimann R, Relethford B, Renschler M, Renzi G, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk D, Safa I, Sanchez Herrera SE, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Santander M, Sarkar S, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schaufel M, Schieler H, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schneider A, Schneider J, Schröder FG, Schumacher L, Sclafani S, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Shefali S, Silva M, Snihur R, Soedingrekso J, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stachurska J, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stein R, Steinmüller P, Stettner J, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Strotjohann NL, Stürwald T, Stuttard T, Sullivan GW, Taboada I, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tilav S, Tollefson K, Tomankova L, Tönnis C, Toscano S, Tosi D, Trettin A, Tselengidou M, Tung CF, Turcati A, Turcotte R, Turley CF, Ty B, Unger E, Unland Elorrieta MA, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, Van Driessche W, van Eijk D, van Eijndhoven N, Vanheule S, van Santen J, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Wandkowsky N, Watson TB, Weaver C, Weindl A, Weiss MJ, Weldert J, Wendt C, Werthebach J, Whelan BJ, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Wille L, Williams DR, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood J, Wood TR, Woschnagg K, Wrede G, Xu DL, Xu XW, Xu Y, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Yuan T, Zöcklein M. Time-Integrated Neutrino Source Searches with 10 Years of IceCube Data. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:051103. [PMID: 32083934 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.051103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This Letter presents the results from pointlike neutrino source searches using ten years of IceCube data collected between April 6, 2008 and July 10, 2018. We evaluate the significance of an astrophysical signal from a pointlike source looking for an excess of clustered neutrino events with energies typically above ∼1 TeV among the background of atmospheric muons and neutrinos. We perform a full-sky scan, a search within a selected source catalog, a catalog population study, and three stacked Galactic catalog searches. The most significant point in the northern hemisphere from scanning the sky is coincident with the Seyfert II galaxy NGC 1068, which was included in the source catalog search. The excess at the coordinates of NGC 1068 is inconsistent with background expectations at the level of 2.9σ after accounting for statistical trials from the entire catalog. The combination of this result along with excesses observed at the coordinates of three other sources, including TXS 0506+056, suggests that, collectively, correlations with sources in the northern catalog are inconsistent with background at 3.3σ significance. The southern catalog is consistent with background. These results, all based on searches for a cumulative neutrino signal integrated over the 10 years of available data, motivate further study of these and similar sources, including time-dependent analyses, multimessenger correlations, and the possibility of stronger evidence with coming upgrades to the detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - J Adams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J A Aguilar
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Ahlers
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Ahrens
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Alispach
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - K Andeen
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53201, USA
| | - T Anderson
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - I Ansseau
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Anton
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Argüelles
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Auffenberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Axani
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Backes
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - H Bagherpour
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - X Bai
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - A Balagopal
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Barbano
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - S W Barwick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | | | - V Baum
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Baur
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J J Beatty
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - K-H Becker
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Becker Tjus
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | - D Z Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - G Binder
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Bindig
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E Blaufuss
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Blot
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C Bohm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Börner
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Böser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - O Botner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Böttcher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E Bourbeau
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Bourbeau
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - J Braun
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Bron
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | | | - A Burgman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Buscher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R S Busse
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - T Carver
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - C Chen
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - E Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Chirkin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K Clark
- SNOLAB, 1039 Regional Road 24, Creighton Mine 9, Lively, Ontario, Canada P3Y 1N2
| | - L Classen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - A Coleman
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - G H Collin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J M Conrad
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Coppin
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Correa
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D F Cowen
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - R Cross
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - P Dave
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - C De Clercq
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J DeLaunay
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - H Dembinski
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - K Deoskar
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S De Ridder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - P Desiati
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K D de Vries
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G de Wasseige
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M de With
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T DeYoung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Diaz
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J C Díaz-Vélez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - H Dujmovic
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Dunkman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - E Dvorak
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - B Eberhardt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - P Eller
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - R Engel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P A Evenson
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Fahey
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A R Fazely
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - J Felde
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - K Filimonov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Finley
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Fox
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | | | - E Friedman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Fritz
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T K Gaisser
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Ganster
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - L Gerhardt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Ghorbani
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Glauch
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Glüsenkamp
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Gonzalez
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D Grant
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Z Griffith
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Griswold
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - M Günder
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Gündüz
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - C Haack
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Hallgren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Halliday
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L Halve
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Halzen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Hanson
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Haungs
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - D Hebecker
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Heereman
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Heix
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Helbing
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R Hellauer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F Henningsen
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Hickford
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Hignight
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - G C Hill
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - K D Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - T Hoinka
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - B Hokanson-Fasig
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Hoshina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - F Huang
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M Huber
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Huber
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Hultqvist
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Hünnefeld
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Hussain
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S In
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - N Iovine
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Ishihara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - G S Japaridze
- CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, USA
| | - M Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - K Jero
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B J P Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - F Jonske
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R Joppe
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Kang
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - W Kang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - A Kappes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Kappesser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Karg
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - M Karl
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Karle
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - U Katz
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J L Kelley
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Kheirandish
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | | | - J Kiryluk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Kittler
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S R Klein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Koirala
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - H Kolanoski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Kopper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Kopper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - D J Koskinen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Kowalski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Krings
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G Krückl
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - N Kulacz
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - N Kurahashi
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - A Kyriacou
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - M Labare
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - J L Lanfranchi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M J Larson
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F Lauber
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J P Lazar
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Leonard
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Leszczyńska
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M Leuermann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q R Liu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Lohfink
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C J Lozano Mariscal
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - L Lu
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - F Lucarelli
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - J Lünemann
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - W Luszczak
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Y Lyu
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Y Ma
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Madsen
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - G Maggi
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K B M Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Y Makino
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - P Mallik
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Mallot
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Mancina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - I C Mariş
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Maruyama
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Mase
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Maunu
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F McNally
- Department of Physics, Mercer University, Macon, Georgia 31207-0001, USA
| | - K Meagher
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Medici
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Medina
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M Meier
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Meighen-Berger
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Menne
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - G Merino
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Meures
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Micallef
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D Mockler
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Momenté
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Montaruli
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - R W Moore
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - R Morse
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Moulai
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Muth
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R Nagai
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - U Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - G Neer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Niederhausen
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M U Nisa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S C Nowicki
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - D R Nygren
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - M Oehler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A Olivas
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A O'Murchadha
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E O'Sullivan
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Palczewski
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Pandya
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D V Pankova
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - N Park
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - P Peiffer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Pérez de Los Heros
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Philippen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Pieloth
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Pinat
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Pizzuto
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Plum
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53201, USA
| | - A Porcelli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - P B Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G T Przybylski
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Raab
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Raissi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - M Rameez
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Rauch
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Rawlins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA
| | - I C Rea
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Reimann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Relethford
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Renschler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - G Renzi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Resconi
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Rhode
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Richman
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - S Robertson
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Rongen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - T Ruhe
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Ryckbosch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D Rysewyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - I Safa
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S E Sanchez Herrera
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - A Sandrock
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Sandroos
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Santander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | | | - M Schaufel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - H Schieler
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - P Schlunder
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Schneider
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Schneider
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - F G Schröder
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - L Schumacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Sclafani
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - D Seckel
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Seunarine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - S Shefali
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Silva
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - R Snihur
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Soedingrekso
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Soldin
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - M Song
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - G M Spiczak
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | | | | | - M Stamatikos
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T Stanev
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - R Stein
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - P Steinmüller
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - J Stettner
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Steuer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Stezelberger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Stokstad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Stößl
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - T Stürwald
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stuttard
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G W Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - I Taboada
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - F Tenholt
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Ter-Antonyan
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | | | - S Tilav
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - K Tollefson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L Tomankova
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - C Tönnis
- Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - S Toscano
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Tosi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - M Tselengidou
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C F Tung
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - A Turcati
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Turcotte
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - C F Turley
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - B Ty
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M A Unland Elorrieta
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Usner
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Vandenbroucke
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - W Van Driessche
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D van Eijk
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - N van Eijndhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Vanheule
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | | | - M Vraeghe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - C Walck
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Wallace
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - M Wallraff
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - N Wandkowsky
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T B Watson
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - C Weaver
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - A Weindl
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institut für Kernphysik, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - M J Weiss
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J Weldert
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Wendt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Werthebach
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B J Whelan
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - N Whitehorn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - K Wiebe
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C H Wiebusch
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Wille
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - D R Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - L Wills
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Wolf
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Wood
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T R Wood
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - K Woschnagg
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Wrede
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D L Xu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - X W Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J P Yanez
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - S Yoshida
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Zöcklein
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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12
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Carter M, Ortega-Franco A, Rafee S, Russell P, Halkyard E, Wallace A, Lindsay C, Blackhall F. Clinical utility of targeted next generation sequencing in lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(20)30173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Peterson JL, Earl R, Fox EA, Ma R, Haidar G, Pepper M, Berliner L, Wallace A, Bernier R. Trauma and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Review, Proposed Treatment Adaptations and Future Directions. J Child Adolesc Trauma 2019; 12:529-547. [PMID: 31819782 PMCID: PMC6901292 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-019-00253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Empirical investigations of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are lacking despite indications of increased risk for exposure to potentially traumatic events in this population. Research on the treatment of traumatic stress psychopathology in ASD is even more limited and suggests a critical need for guidance in the area of ASD-specific treatment adaptations. The current paper provides preliminary recommendations for adapting current evidenced-based, trauma-specific interventions, specifically trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT), for individuals with ASD based on well-established and evidence-based practices for working with this population. These adaptations highlight the need to incorporate treatment goals related to ASD core symptoms and associated characteristics during treatment targeting traumatic stress symptoms. Future directions are discussed, including the development of instruments measuring trauma reactions in ASD, empirical investigations of modified trauma interventions for children with ASD to evaluate effectiveness, and collaboration between professionals specializing in ASD and trauma/PTSD to advance research and facilitate effective care for this community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Peterson
- Seattle Children's Autism Center, , 4909 25th Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, M/S CAC, PO Box 5371, Seattle, WA 98145-5005
| | - Rachel Earl
- University of Washington, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences / Seattle Children's Hospital
| | - Emily A Fox
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA / Seattle Children's Hospital, M/S CAC PO Box 5371, 508.851.0996
| | - Ruqian Ma
- University of Washington College of Education and Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, CHDD Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Ghina Haidar
- University of Washington College of Education & Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, CHDD Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Micah Pepper
- University of Washington Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, CHDD Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Lucy Berliner
- University of Washington Medicine, Mailing Address: 325 Ninth Avenue, MS 359947 Seattle, WA 98104, 206 744-1600 (main line)
| | - Arianne Wallace
- University of Washington Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, CHDD Box 357920, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Raphael Bernier
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, ,
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14
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Lindsay C, Rafee S, Nicola P, Wallace A, Burghel G, Schlecht H, Baker K, Baker E, Priest L, Rogan J, Moghadam S, Carter M, Newman W, Blackhall F. MA25.08 Characterisation of Tumor Aetiology Using Mutational Signatures from the Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Genome. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Tan L, Sandhu S, Lee RJ, Li J, Callahan J, Ftouni S, Dhomen N, Middlehurst P, Wallace A, Raleigh J, Hatzimihalis A, Henderson MA, Shackleton M, Haydon A, Mar V, Gyorki DE, Oudit D, Dawson MA, Hicks RJ, Lorigan P, McArthur GA, Marais R, Wong SQ, Dawson SJ. Prediction and monitoring of relapse in stage III melanoma using circulating tumor DNA. Ann Oncol 2019; 30:804-814. [PMID: 30838379 PMCID: PMC6551451 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advent of effective adjuvant therapies for patients with resected melanoma has highlighted the need to stratify patients based on risk of relapse given the cost and toxicities associated with treatment. Here we assessed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) to predict and monitor relapse in resected stage III melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Somatic mutations were identified in 99/133 (74%) patients through tumor tissue sequencing. Personalized droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays were used to detect known mutations in 315 prospectively collected plasma samples from mutation-positive patients. External validation was performed in a prospective independent cohort (n = 29). RESULTS ctDNA was detected in 37 of 99 (37%) individuals. In 81 patients who did not receive adjuvant therapy, 90% of patients with ctDNA detected at baseline and 100% of patients with ctDNA detected at the postoperative timepoint relapsed at a median follow up of 20 months. ctDNA detection predicted patients at high risk of relapse at baseline [relapse-free survival (RFS) hazard ratio (HR) 2.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.5-5.6; P = 0.002] and postoperatively (HR 10; 95% CI 4.3-24; P < 0.001). ctDNA detection at baseline [HR 2.9; 95% CI 1.3-5.7; P = 0.003 and postoperatively (HR 11; 95% CI 4.3-27; P < 0.001] was also associated with inferior distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). These findings were validated in the independent cohort. ctDNA detection remained an independent predictor of RFS and DMFS in multivariate analyses after adjustment for disease stage and BRAF mutation status. CONCLUSION Baseline and postoperative ctDNA detection in two independent prospective cohorts identified stage III melanoma patients at highest risk of relapse and has potential to inform adjuvant therapy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Sandhu
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - J Li
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J Callahan
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne
| | - S Ftouni
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne
| | - N Dhomen
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - P Middlehurst
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - A Wallace
- Genomic Diagnostics Laboratory, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester, UK
| | - J Raleigh
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne
| | | | - M A Henderson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - V Mar
- The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne
| | - D E Gyorki
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - D Oudit
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - M A Dawson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R J Hicks
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Lorigan
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - G A McArthur
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - R Marais
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester; Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester
| | - S Q Wong
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne
| | - S-J Dawson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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16
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van der Noordaa ME, Esserman L, Yau C, Mukhtar R, Price E, Hylton N, Abe H, Wolverton D, Crane EP, Ward KA, Nelson M, Niell BL, Oh K, Brandt KR, Bang DH, Ojeda-Fournier H, Eghtedari M, Sheth PA, Bernreuter WK, Umphrey H, Rosen MA, Dogan B, Yang W, Joe B, van 't Veer L, Hirst G, Lancaster R, Wallace A, Alvaredo M, Symmans F, Asare S, Boughey JC. Abstract PD4-04: Role of breast MRI in predicting pathologically negative nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cN0 patients in the I-SPY2 trial. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-pd4-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In clinically node-negative (cN0) breast cancer patients with triple negative (TN) and HER2+ disease and breast pathological complete response (breast pCR), low rates of nodal positivity after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have been demonstrated. In these patients, the omission of surgical axillary staging has been proposed. However, this information is not routinely known preoperatively. We aimed to validate the correlation between pathologic breast response and pathologic nodal status, and evaluate the relationship between response of the breast tumor on MRI and pathologic nodal status after NAC in cN0 patients in the I-SPY2 trial.
Methods
We identified all patients with cT1-4 cN0 breast cancer prior to NAC from graduated arms of the I-SPY2 trial, a prospective neoadjuvant chemotherapy trial. Absence of residual disease post-NAC was defined as longest diameter (LD) of 0 mm on MRI. Breast pCR was defined as the absence of invasive tumor in the breast at surgery. Associations between ypN0 and patient, MRI, and tumor characteristics were assessed using chi-square tests and univariate regression.
Results
Of 365 cT1-4 cN0 patients included, 128 had HR+/HER2- tumors (35%), 60 HR+/HER2+ tumors (16%), 34 HR-/HER2+ tumors (9%) and 143 TN tumors (39%). Overall, 283 patients (78%) were ypN0 after NAC and 152 patients (42%) had a breast pCR. ypN0 rate was higher in patients with a breast pCR than those with residual disease (93% vs 66%, p<0.001). Patients with HR-/HER2+ and TN tumors were more likely to be ypN0 (97% and 87% respectively) than patients with HR+/HER2- and HR+/HER2+ disease (66% and 71% respectively, p<0.001). Other characteristics associated with ypN0 were tumor grade (grade I 57%, grade II 66%, grade III 84%; p=0.002), MammaPrint Classification (High Risk 1 68% and High Risk 2 87%; p<0.001) and absence of residual tumor in the breast on MRI (87% vs 72% in patients with evidence of tumor on MRI post-NAC/pre-surgery; p=0.003).
In patients with HR-/HER2+, HR+/HER2+, HR-/HER2+ or TN disease and a breast pCR, ypN0 rate was respectively 82%, 96%, 96% and 97% (table 1). In patients with HR+/HER2-, HR+/HER2+, HR-/HER2+ or TN disease and with no evidence of residual disease in the breast on MRI, rate of ypN0 was 71%, 80%, 94% and 96% respectively.
Conclusion
In cT1-4 cN0 breast cancer patients with HR+/HER2+, HR-/HER2+ and TN tumors and a breast pCR, ypN0 rates after NAC are extremely high. In patients with HR-/HER2+ and TN tumors with no residual breast disease on MRI after NAC and pre-surgery, ypN0 rates are high enough to consider omission of axillary surgery. In patients with HR+ tumors, MRI is unsufficiently predictive for pathological response and can therefore not be used to select ypN0 patients. Research on the prediction of ypN0 in cN+ I-SPY2 patients is ongoing.
Nodal status in patients with pCR and absence of residual disease on MRI Number of positive nodesBreast Cancer Subtype0123AllBreast pCR HR+/HER2-27(82)2(6)4(12)033(100)HR+/HER2+24(96)01(4)025(100)HR-/HER2+24(96)1(4)0025(100)TN67(97)2(3)0069(100)Absence of residual disease on MRI HR+/HER2-24(71)7(21)3(9)034(100)HR+/HER2+16(80)3(15)01(5)20(100)HR-/HER2+15(94)1(6)0016(100)TN54(96)2(4)0056(100)
Citation Format: van der Noordaa ME, Esserman L, Yau C, Mukhtar R, Price E, Hylton N, Abe H, Wolverton D, Crane EP, Ward KA, Nelson M, Niell BL, Oh K, Brandt KR, Bang DH, Ojeda-Fournier H, Eghtedari M, Sheth PA, Bernreuter WK, Umphrey H, Rosen MA, Dogan B, Yang W, Joe B, van 't Veer L, Hirst G, Lancaster R, Wallace A, Alvaredo M, Symmans F, Asare S, Boughey JC, I-SPY2 Consortium. Role of breast MRI in predicting pathologically negative nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cN0 patients in the I-SPY2 trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD4-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- ME van der Noordaa
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - L Esserman
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - C Yau
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - R Mukhtar
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - E Price
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - N Hylton
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - H Abe
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - D Wolverton
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - EP Crane
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - KA Ward
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - M Nelson
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - BL Niell
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - K Oh
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - KR Brandt
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - DH Bang
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - H Ojeda-Fournier
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - M Eghtedari
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - PA Sheth
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - WK Bernreuter
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - H Umphrey
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - MA Rosen
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - B Dogan
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - W Yang
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - B Joe
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - L van 't Veer
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - G Hirst
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - R Lancaster
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - A Wallace
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - M Alvaredo
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - F Symmans
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - S Asare
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
| | - JC Boughey
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital / Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands; University of Chicago, Chicago; University of Colorado, Aurora; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland; Mayo Clinic, Rochester; Swedish Hospital, Seattle; University of California San Diego, La Jolla; University of Southern California, Los Angeles; University of Alabama, Birmingham; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia; UT Southwestern, Houston; MD Anderson, Houston
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Hylton NM, Symmans WF, Yau C, Li W, Hatzis C, Isaacs C, Albain KS, Chen YY, Krings G, Wei S, Harada S, Datnow B, Fadare O, Klein M, Pambuccian S, Chen B, Adamson K, Sams S, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Magliocco A, Feldman M, Rendi M, Sattar H, Zeck J, Ocal I, Tawfik O, Grasso LeBeau L, Sahoo S, Vinh T, Yang S, Adams A, Chien AJ, Ferero-Torres A, Stringer-Reasor E, Wallace A, Boughey JC, Ellis ED, Elias AD, Lang JE, Lu J, Han HS, Clark AS, Korde L, Nanda R, Northfelt DW, Khan QJ, Viscusi RK, Euhus DM, Edmiston KK, Chui SY, Kemmer K, Wood WC, Park JW, Liu MC, Olopade O, Tripathy D, Moulder SL, Rugo HS, Schwab R, Lo S, Helsten T, Beckwith H, Haugen PK, van't Veer LJ, Perlmutter J, Melisko ME, Wilson A, Peterson G, Asare AL, Buxton MB, Paoloni M, Clennell JL, Hirst GL, Singhrao R, Steeg K, Matthews JB, Sanil A, Berry SM, Abe H, Wolverton D, Crane EP, Ward KA, Nelson M, Niell BL, Oh K, Brandt KR, Bang DH, Ojeda-Fournier H, Eghtedari M, Sheth PA, Bernreuter WK, Umphrey H, Rosen MA, Dogan B, Yang W, Joe B, Yee D, Pusztai L, DeMichele A, Asare SM, Berry DA, Esserman LJ. Abstract P2-07-03: Refining neoadjuvant predictors of three year distant metastasis free survival: Integrating volume change as measured by MRI with residual cancer burden. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-07-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Patients achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant therapy have significantly improved event-free survival relative to those who do not; and pCR is an FDA-accepted endpoint to support accelerated approval of novel agents/combinations in the neoadjuvant treatment of high risk early stage breast cancer. Previous studies have shown that recurrence risk increased with increasing burden of residual disease (as assessed by the RCB index). As well, these studies suggest that patients with minimum residual disease (RCB-I class) also have favorable outcomes (comparable to those achieving a pCR) within high risk tumor subtypes. In this study, we assess whether integrating RCB with MRI functional tumor volume (FTV), which in itself is prognostic, can improve prediction of distant recurrence free survival (DRFS); and identify a subset of patients with minimal residual disease with comparable DRFS as those who achieved a pCR. Imaging tools can then be used to identify the subset that will do well early and guide the timing of surgical therapy.
Method: We performed a pooled analysis of 596 patients from the I-SPY2 TRIAL with RCB, pre-surgical MRI FTV data and known follow-up (median 2.5 years). We first assessed whether FTV predicts residual disease (pCR or pCR/RCB-I) using ROC analysis. We applied a power transformation to normalize the pre-surgical FTV distribution; and assessed its association with DRFS using a bi-variate Cox proportional hazard model adjusting for HR/HER2 subtype. We also fitted a bivariate Cox model of RCB index adjusting for subtype; and assessed whether adding pre-surgical FTV to this model further improves association with DRFS using a likelihood ratio (LR) test. For the Cox modeling, penalized splines approximation of the transformed FTV and RCB index with 2 degrees of freedom was used to allow for non-linear effects of FTV and RCB on DRFS.
Result: Pre-surgical MRI FTV is significantly associated with DRFS (Wald p<0.00001), and more effective at predicting pCR/RCB-I than predicting pCR alone (AUC: 0.72 vs. 0.65). Larger pre-surgical FTV remains associated with worse DRFS adjusting for subtype (Wald p <0.00001). The RCB index is also significantly associated with DRFS adjusting for subtype (Wald p<0.00001). Adding FTV to a model containing RCB and subtype further improves association with DRFS (LR p=0.0007). RCB-I patients have excellent DRFS (94% at 3 years compared to 95% in the pCR group). Efforts are underway to identify an optimal threshold for dichotomizing pre-surgical FTV and FTV change measures for use in combination with pCR/RCB-I class to generate integrated RCB (iRCB) groups as a composite predictor of DRFS.
Conclusion: Pre-surgical MRI FTV is effective at predicting minimal residual disease (RCB0/I) in the I-SPY 2 TRIAL. Despite the association between FTV and RCB, FTV appears to provide independent added prognostic value (to RCB and subtype), suggesting that integrating MRI volume measures and RCB into a composite predictor may improve DRFS prediction.
Citation Format: Hylton NM, Symmans WF, Yau C, Li W, Hatzis C, Isaacs C, Albain KS, Chen Y-Y, Krings G, Wei S, Harada S, Datnow B, Fadare O, Klein M, Pambuccian S, Chen B, Adamson K, Sams S, Mhawech-Fauceglia P, Magliocco A, Feldman M, Rendi M, Sattar H, Zeck J, Ocal I, Tawfik O, Grasso LeBeau L, Sahoo S, Vinh T, Yang S, Adams A, Chien AJ, Ferero-Torres A, Stringer-Reasor E, Wallace A, Boughey JC, Ellis ED, Elias AD, Lang JE, Lu J, Han HS, Clark AS, Korde L, Nanda R, Northfelt DW, Khan QJ, Viscusi RK, Euhus DM, Edmiston KK, Chui SY, Kemmer K, Wood WC, Park JW, Liu MC, Olopade O, Tripathy D, Moulder SL, Rugo HS, Schwab R, Lo S, Helsten T, Beckwith H, Haugen PK, van't Veer LJ, Perlmutter J, Melisko ME, Wilson A, Peterson G, Asare AL, Buxton MB, Paoloni M, Clennell JL, Hirst GL, Singhrao R, Steeg K, Matthews JB, Sanil A, Berry SM, Abe H, Wolverton D, Crane EP, Ward KA, Nelson M, Niell BL, Oh K, Brandt KR, Bang DH, Ojeda-Fournier H, Eghtedari M, Sheth PA, Bernreuter WK, Umphrey H, Rosen MA, Dogan B, Yang W, Joe B, I-SPY 2 TRIAL Consortium, Yee D, Pusztai L, DeMichele A, Asare SM, Berry DA, Esserman LJ. Refining neoadjuvant predictors of three year distant metastasis free survival: Integrating volume change as measured by MRI with residual cancer burden [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-07-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- NM Hylton
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - WF Symmans
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - C Yau
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - W Li
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - C Hatzis
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - C Isaacs
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - KS Albain
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - Y-Y Chen
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - G Krings
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - S Wei
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - S Harada
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - B Datnow
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - O Fadare
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - M Klein
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - S Pambuccian
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - B Chen
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - K Adamson
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - S Sams
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - P Mhawech-Fauceglia
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - A Magliocco
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - M Feldman
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - M Rendi
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - H Sattar
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - J Zeck
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - I Ocal
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - O Tawfik
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - L Grasso LeBeau
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - S Sahoo
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - T Vinh
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - S Yang
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - A Adams
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - AJ Chien
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - A Ferero-Torres
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - E Stringer-Reasor
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - A Wallace
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - JC Boughey
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - ED Ellis
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - AD Elias
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - JE Lang
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - J Lu
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - HS Han
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - AS Clark
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - L Korde
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - R Nanda
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - DW Northfelt
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - QJ Khan
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - RK Viscusi
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - DM Euhus
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - KK Edmiston
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - SY Chui
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - K Kemmer
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - WC Wood
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - JW Park
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - MC Liu
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - O Olopade
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - D Tripathy
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - SL Moulder
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - HS Rugo
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - R Schwab
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - S Lo
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - T Helsten
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - H Beckwith
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - PK Haugen
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - LJ van't Veer
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - J Perlmutter
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - ME Melisko
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - A Wilson
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - G Peterson
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - AL Asare
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - MB Buxton
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - M Paoloni
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - JL Clennell
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - GL Hirst
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - R Singhrao
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - K Steeg
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - JB Matthews
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - A Sanil
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - SM Berry
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - H Abe
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - D Wolverton
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - EP Crane
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - KA Ward
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - M Nelson
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - BL Niell
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - K Oh
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - KR Brandt
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - DH Bang
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - H Ojeda-Fournier
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - M Eghtedari
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - PA Sheth
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - WK Bernreuter
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - H Umphrey
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - MA Rosen
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - B Dogan
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - W Yang
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - B Joe
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - D Yee
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - L Pusztai
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - A DeMichele
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - SM Asare
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - DA Berry
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
| | - LJ Esserman
- Avera Cancer Institute Center for Precision Oncology, Sioux Falls, ND; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD; Emory University, Atlanta, GA; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA; Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Loyola University, Maywood, IL; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; National Breast Cancer Coalition, Washington, DC; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR; Quantum Leap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Arizona, Tuczon, AZ; University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; University of Colorado, Denver, Aurora, CO; University of Kansas, Westwood, KS; University of Pennsylvania, Philade
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Schwab R, Clark A, Yau C, Wolf D, Chien AJ, Majure M, Ewing C, Wallace A, Roesch E, Helsten T, Forero A, Stringer-Reasor E, Vaklavas C, Nanda R, Jaskowiak N, Boughey J, Haddad T, Han H, Lee C, Albain K, Isaacs C, Elias A, Ellis E, Shah P, Lang J, Lu J, Tripathy D, Kemmer K, Yee D, Haley B, Korde L, Edmiston K, Northfelt D, Viscusi R, Khan Q, Symmans WF, Perlmutter J, Hylton N, Rugo H, Melisko M, Wilson A, Singhrao R, Asare S, van't Veer L, DeMichele A, Berry D, Esserman L. Abstract P1-15-02: Withdrawn. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-15-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This abstract was withdrawn by the authors.
Citation Format: Schwab R, Clark A, Yau C, Wolf D, Chien AJ, Majure M, Ewing C, Wallace A, Roesch E, Helsten T, Forero A, Stringer-Reasor E, Vaklavas C, Nanda R, Jaskowiak N, Boughey J, Haddad T, Han H, Lee C, Albain K, Isaacs C, Elias A, Ellis E, Shah P, Lang J, Lu J, Tripathy D, Kemmer K, Yee D, Haley B, Korde L, Edmiston K, Northfelt D, Viscusi R, Khan Q, I-SPY 2 Consortium, Symmans WF, Perlmutter J, Hylton N, Rugo H, Melisko M, Wilson A, Singhrao R, Asare S, van't Veer L, DeMichele A, Berry D, Esserman L. Withdrawn [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-15-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Schwab
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - A Clark
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - C Yau
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - D Wolf
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - AJ Chien
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - M Majure
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - C Ewing
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - A Wallace
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - E Roesch
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - T Helsten
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - A Forero
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - E Stringer-Reasor
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - C Vaklavas
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - R Nanda
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - N Jaskowiak
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - J Boughey
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - T Haddad
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - H Han
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - C Lee
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - K Albain
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - C Isaacs
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - A Elias
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - E Ellis
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - P Shah
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - J Lang
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - J Lu
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - D Tripathy
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - K Kemmer
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - D Yee
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - B Haley
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - L Korde
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - K Edmiston
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - D Northfelt
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - R Viscusi
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - Q Khan
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - WF Symmans
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - J Perlmutter
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - N Hylton
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - H Rugo
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - M Melisko
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - A Wilson
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - R Singhrao
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - S Asare
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - L van't Veer
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - A DeMichele
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - D Berry
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
| | - L Esserman
- University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Quantum Leap Health Care Collaborative, San Francisco, CA; University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL; University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Mayo Rochester, Rochester, MN; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL; Loyola University, Chicago, IL; Georgetown University, Washington, DC; University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO; Swedish Cancer Institute, Seattle, WA; University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX; CTEP, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Washington DC; Mayo Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ; University of Arizona, Tuscon, AZ; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS; Berry Consultants, LLC, Houston, TX; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor; Inova Health System, Fairfax, VA
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Aartsen M, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar J, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Altmann D, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Backes P, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Barbano A, Barron J, Barwick S, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty J, Becker KH, Becker Tjus J, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson D, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Börner M, Böser S, Botner O, Bourbeau E, Bourbeau J, Bradascio F, Braun J, Bretz HP, Bron S, Brostean-Kaiser J, Burgman A, Busse R, Carver T, Chen C, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Clark K, Classen L, Collin G, Conrad J, Coppin P, Correa P, Cowen D, Cross R, Dave P, de André J, De Clercq C, DeLaunay J, Dembinski H, Deoskar K, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries K, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez J, Dujmovic H, Dunkman M, Dvorak E, Eberhardt B, Ehrhardt T, Eller P, Evenson P, Fahey S, Fazely A, Felde J, Filimonov K, Finley C, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fritz A, Gaisser T, Gallagher J, Ganster E, Garrappa S, Gerhardt L, Ghorbani K, Giang W, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Gonzalez J, Grant D, Griffith Z, Gündüz M, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halve L, Halzen F, Hanson K, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Henningsen F, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill G, Hoffman K, Hoffmann R, Hoinka T, Hokanson-Fasig B, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Hultqvist K, Hünnefeld M, Hussain R, In S, Iovine N, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Japaridze G, Jeong M, Jero K, Jones B, Kalaczynski P, Kang W, Kappes A, Kappesser D, Karg T, Karl M, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Keivani A, Kelley J, Kheirandish A, Kim J, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein S, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen D, Kowalski M, Krings K, Krückl G, Kunwar S, Kurahashi N, Kyriacou A, Labare M, Lanfranchi J, Larson M, Lauber F, Lazar J, Leonard K, Leuermann M, Liu Q, Lohfink E, Lozano Mariscal C, Lu L, Lünemann J, Luszczak W, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn K, Makino Y, Mallot K, Mancina S, Mariş I, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, Meagher K, Medici M, Medina A, Meier M, Meighen-Berger S, Menne T, Merino G, Meures T, Miarecki S, Micallef J, Momenté G, Montaruli T, Moore R, Moulai M, Nagai R, Nahnhauer R, Nakarmi P, Naumann U, Neer G, Niederhausen H, Nowicki S, Nygren D, Obertacke Pollmann A, Olivas A, O’Murchadha A, O’Sullivan E, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova D, Park N, Peiffer P, Pérez de los Heros C, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Pizzuto A, Plum M, Price P, Przybylski G, Raab C, Raissi A, Rameez M, Rauch L, Rawlins K, Rea I, Reimann R, Relethford B, Renzi G, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk D, Safa I, Sanchez Herrera S, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Santander M, Sarkar S, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schaufel M, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schneider A, Schneider J, Schumacher L, Sclafani S, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Silva M, Snihur R, Soedingrekso J, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak G, Spiering C, Stachurska J, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Stein R, Stettner J, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad R, Stößl A, Strotjohann N, Stuttard T, Sullivan G, Sutherland M, Taboada I, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tilav S, Tomankova L, Tönnis C, Toscano S, Tosi D, Tselengidou M, Tung C, Turcati A, Turcotte R, Turley C, Ty B, Unger E, Unland Elorrieta M, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, Van Driessche W, van Eijk D, van Eijndhoven N, Vanheule S, van Santen J, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Wandkowsky N, Wandler F, Watson T, Weaver C, Weiss M, Weldert J, Wendt C, Werthebach J, Westerhoff S, Whelan B, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch C, Wille L, Williams D, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood J, Wood T, Woolsey E, Woschnagg K, Wrede G, Xu D, Xu X, Xu Y, Yanez J, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Yuan T. Measurement of atmospheric tau neutrino appearance with IceCube DeepCore. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.032007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Aartsen M, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar J, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Al Samarai I, Altmann D, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Backes P, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Barbano A, Barron J, Barwick S, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty J, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson D, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Börner M, Bos F, Böser S, Botner O, Bourbeau E, Bourbeau J, Bradascio F, Braun J, Brenzke M, Bretz HP, Bron S, Brostean-Kaiser J, Burgman A, Busse R, Carver T, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Clark K, Classen L, Collin G, Conrad J, Coppin P, Correa P, Cowen D, Cross R, Dave P, Day M, de André J, De Clercq C, DeLaunay J, Dembinski H, Deoskar K, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries K, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez J, di Lorenzo V, Dujmovic H, Dumm J, Dunkman M, Dvorak E, Eberhardt B, Ehrhardt T, Eichmann B, Eller P, Evenson P, Fahey S, Fazely A, Felde J, Filimonov K, Finley C, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fritz A, Gaisser T, Gallagher J, Ganster E, Garrappa S, Gerhardt L, Ghorbani K, Giang W, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Gonzalez J, Grant D, Griffith Z, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halve L, Halzen F, Hanson K, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill G, Hoffman K, Hoffmann R, Hoinka T, Hokanson-Fasig B, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Hultqvist K, Hünnefeld M, Hussain R, In S, Iovine N, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Japaridze G, Jeong M, Jero K, Jones B, Kalaczynski P, Kang W, Kappes A, Kappesser D, Karg T, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Keivani A, Kelley J, Kheirandish A, Kim J, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein S, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koschinsky J, Koskinen D, Kowalski M, Krings K, Kroll M, Krückl G, Kunwar S, Kurahashi N, Kyriacou A, Labare M, Lanfranchi J, Larson M, Lauber F, Leonard K, Leuermann M, Liu Q, Lohfink E, Lozano Mariscal C, Lu L, Lünemann J, Luszczak W, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn K, Makino Y, Mancina S, Mariş I, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, Meagher K, Medici M, Meier M, Menne T, Merino G, Meures T, Miarecki S, Micallef J, Momenté G, Montaruli T, Moore R, Moulai M, Nagai R, Nahnhauer R, Nakarmi P, Naumann U, Neer G, Niederhausen H, Nowicki S, Nygren D, Obertacke Pollmann A, Olivas A, O’Murchadha A, O’Sullivan E, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova D, Peiffer P, Pepper J, Pérez de los Heros C, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Pizzuto A, Plum M, Price P, Przybylski G, Raab C, Rameez M, Rauch L, Rawlins K, Rea I, Reimann R, Relethford B, Renzi G, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk D, Safa I, Sanchez Herrera S, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Santander M, Sarkar S, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schaufel M, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schneider A, Schneider J, Schöneberg S, Schumacher L, Sclafani S, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Soedingrekso J, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak G, Spiering C, Stachurska J, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Stein R, Stettner J, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad R, Stößl A, Strotjohann N, Stuttard T, Sullivan G, Sutherland M, Taboada I, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tilav S, Toale P, Tobin M, Tönnis C, Toscano S, Tosi D, Tselengidou M, Tung C, Turcati A, Turley C, Ty B, Unger E, Unland Elorrieta M, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, Van Driessche W, van Eijk D, van Eijndhoven N, Vanheule S, van Santen J, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Wandler F, Wandkowsky N, Watson T, Waza A, Weaver C, Weiss M, Wendt C, Werthebach J, Westerhoff S, Whelan B, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch C, Wille L, Williams D, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood J, Wood T, Woolsey E, Woschnagg K, Wrede G, Xu D, Xu X, Xu Y, Yanez J, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Yuan T. Measurements using the inelasticity distribution of multi-TeV neutrino interactions in IceCube. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.032004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Aartsen MG, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Al Samarai I, Altmann D, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Backes P, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Barbano A, Barron JP, Barwick SW, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Börner M, Bos F, Böser S, Botner O, Bourbeau E, Bourbeau J, Bradascio F, Braun J, Brenzke M, Bretz HP, Bron S, Brostean-Kaiser J, Burgman A, Busse RS, Carver T, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Christov A, Clark K, Classen L, Collin GH, Conrad JM, Coppin P, Correa P, Cowen DF, Cross R, Dave P, Day M, de André JPAM, De Clercq C, DeLaunay JJ, Dembinski H, Deoskar K, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries KD, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, di Lorenzo V, Dujmovic H, Dumm JP, Dunkman M, Dvorak E, Eberhardt B, Ehrhardt T, Eichmann B, Eller P, Evans PA, Evenson PA, Fahey S, Fazely AR, Felde J, Filimonov K, Finley C, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fritz A, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Ganster E, Gerhardt L, Ghorbani K, Giang W, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Gonzalez JG, Grant D, Griffith Z, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halve L, Halzen F, Hanson K, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Hoinka T, Hokanson-Fasig B, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Hultqvist K, Hünnefeld M, Hussain R, In S, Iovine N, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Japaridze GS, Jeong M, Jero K, Jones BJP, Kalaczynski P, Kang W, Kappes A, Kappesser D, Karg T, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Keivani A, Kelley JL, Kheirandish A, Kim J, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein SR, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koschinsky JP, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krings K, Kroll M, Krückl G, Kunwar S, Kurahashi N, Kyriacou A, Labare M, Lanfranchi JL, Larson MJ, Lauber F, Leonard K, Leuermann M, Liu QR, Lohfink E, Lozano Mariscal CJ, Lu L, Lünemann J, Luszczak W, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn KBM, Makino Y, Mancina S, Mariş IC, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, Meagher K, Medici M, Meier M, Menne T, Merino G, Meures T, Miarecki S, Micallef J, Momenté G, Montaruli T, Moore RW, Moulai M, Nagai R, Nahnhauer R, Nakarmi P, Naumann U, Neer G, Niederhausen H, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke Pollmann A, Olivas A, O'Murchadha A, Osborne JP, O'Sullivan E, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova DV, Peiffer P, Pepper JA, Pérez de Los Heros C, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Pizzuto A, Plum M, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Raab C, Rameez M, Rauch L, Rawlins K, Rea IC, Reimann R, Relethford B, Renzi G, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk D, Safa I, Sanchez Herrera SE, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Santander M, Sarkar S, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schaufel M, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schneider A, Schneider J, Schöneberg S, Schumacher L, Sclafani S, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Soedingrekso J, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stachurska J, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Stein R, Stettner J, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Strotjohann NL, Stuttard T, Sullivan GW, Sutherland M, Taboada I, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tilav S, Toale PA, Tobin MN, Tönnis C, Toscano S, Tosi D, Tselengidou M, Tung CF, Turcati A, Turley CF, Ty B, Unger E, Unland Elorrieta MA, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, Van Driessche W, van Eijk D, van Eijndhoven N, Vanheule S, van Santen J, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Wandler FD, Wandkowsky N, Watson TB, Waza A, Weaver C, Weiss MJ, Wendt C, Werthebach J, Westerhoff S, Whelan BJ, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Wille L, Williams DR, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood J, Wood TR, Woolsey E, Woschnagg K, Wrede G, Xu DL, Xu XW, Xu Y, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Yuan T. Constraints on Minute-Scale Transient Astrophysical Neutrino Sources. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:051102. [PMID: 30822017 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
High-energy neutrino emission has been predicted for several short-lived astrophysical transients including gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), core-collapse supernovae with choked jets, and neutron star mergers. IceCube's optical and x-ray follow-up program searches for such transient sources by looking for two or more muon neutrino candidates in directional coincidence and arriving within 100 s. The measured rate of neutrino alerts is consistent with the expected rate of chance coincidences of atmospheric background events and no likely electromagnetic counterparts have been identified in Swift follow-up observations. Here, we calculate generic bounds on the neutrino flux of short-lived transient sources. Assuming an E^{-2.5} neutrino spectrum, we find that the neutrino flux of rare sources, like long gamma-ray bursts, is constrained to <5% of the detected astrophysical flux and the energy released in neutrinos (100 GeV to 10 PeV) by a median bright GRB-like source is <10^{52.5} erg. For a harder E^{-2.13} neutrino spectrum up to 30% of the flux could be produced by GRBs and the allowed median source energy is <10^{52} erg. A hypothetical population of transient sources has to be more common than 10^{-5} Mpc^{-3} yr^{-1} (5×10^{-8} Mpc^{-3} yr^{-1} for the E^{-2.13} spectrum) to account for the complete astrophysical neutrino flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - J Adams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J A Aguilar
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Ahlers
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Ahrens
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Al Samarai
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - D Altmann
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Andeen
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53201, USA
| | - T Anderson
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - I Ansseau
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Anton
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Argüelles
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Auffenberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Axani
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Backes
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - H Bagherpour
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - X Bai
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - A Barbano
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - J P Barron
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - S W Barwick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - V Baum
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J J Beatty
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Becker Tjus
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - K-H Becker
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - S BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - D Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | - D Z Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - G Binder
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Bindig
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E Blaufuss
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Blot
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C Bohm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Börner
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - F Bos
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Böser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - O Botner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E Bourbeau
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Bourbeau
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - J Braun
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Brenzke
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - S Bron
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | | | - A Burgman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R S Busse
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Carver
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - E Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Chirkin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Christov
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - K Clark
- SNOLAB, 1039 Regional Road 24, Creighton Mine 9, Lively, Ontario, Canada P3Y 1N2
| | - L Classen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - G H Collin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J M Conrad
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Coppin
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Correa
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D F Cowen
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - R Cross
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - P Dave
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - M Day
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J P A M de André
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C De Clercq
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J J DeLaunay
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - H Dembinski
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - K Deoskar
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S De Ridder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - P Desiati
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K D de Vries
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G de Wasseige
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M de With
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T DeYoung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J C Díaz-Vélez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - V di Lorenzo
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Dujmovic
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - J P Dumm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Dunkman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - E Dvorak
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - B Eberhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Eichmann
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - P Eller
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - P A Evans
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - P A Evenson
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Fahey
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A R Fazely
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - J Felde
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - K Filimonov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Finley
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - E Friedman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Fritz
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T K Gaisser
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Ganster
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Gerhardt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Ghorbani
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - W Giang
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - T Glauch
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T Glüsenkamp
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J G Gonzalez
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D Grant
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - Z Griffith
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - C Haack
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Hallgren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Halve
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Halzen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Hanson
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - D Hebecker
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Heereman
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Helbing
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R Hellauer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Hickford
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Hignight
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - G C Hill
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - K D Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - T Hoinka
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - B Hokanson-Fasig
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Hoshina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - F Huang
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M Huber
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - K Hultqvist
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Hünnefeld
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - R Hussain
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S In
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - N Iovine
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Ishihara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - G S Japaridze
- CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, USA
| | - M Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - K Jero
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B J P Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - P Kalaczynski
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - W Kang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - A Kappes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Kappesser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Karg
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - A Karle
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - U Katz
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Keivani
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J L Kelley
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Kheirandish
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | | | - J Kiryluk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Kittler
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S R Klein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Koirala
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - H Kolanoski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Kopper
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - S Kopper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - J P Koschinsky
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D J Koskinen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Kowalski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Krings
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Kroll
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - G Krückl
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - N Kurahashi
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - A Kyriacou
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - M Labare
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - J L Lanfranchi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M J Larson
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Lauber
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - K Leonard
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Leuermann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q R Liu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Lohfink
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C J Lozano Mariscal
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - L Lu
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - J Lünemann
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - W Luszczak
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Madsen
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - G Maggi
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K B M Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Y Makino
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - S Mancina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - I C Mariş
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Maruyama
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Mase
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - R Maunu
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - K Meagher
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Medici
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Meier
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Menne
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - G Merino
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Meures
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Miarecki
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Micallef
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - G Momenté
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Montaruli
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - R W Moore
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - M Moulai
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Nagai
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - P Nakarmi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - U Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - G Neer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Niederhausen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S C Nowicki
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - D R Nygren
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - A Olivas
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A O'Murchadha
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J P Osborne
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - E O'Sullivan
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Palczewski
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H Pandya
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D V Pankova
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - P Peiffer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J A Pepper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - C Pérez de Los Heros
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Pieloth
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Pinat
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Pizzuto
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Plum
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53201, USA
| | - P B Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G T Przybylski
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Raab
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Rameez
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Rauch
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Rawlins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA
| | - I C Rea
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R Reimann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Relethford
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - G Renzi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Resconi
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Rhode
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Richman
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - S Robertson
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - M Rongen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - T Ruhe
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Ryckbosch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D Rysewyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - I Safa
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S E Sanchez Herrera
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - A Sandrock
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Sandroos
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Santander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - S Sarkar
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | | | - M Schaufel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P Schlunder
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Schneider
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Schneider
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S Schöneberg
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - L Schumacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Sclafani
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - D Seckel
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Seunarine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - J Soedingrekso
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Soldin
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - M Song
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - G M Spiczak
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | | | | | - M Stamatikos
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T Stanev
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | | | - R Stein
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Stettner
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Steuer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Stezelberger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Stokstad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Stößl
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - T Stuttard
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G W Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Sutherland
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - I Taboada
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - F Tenholt
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Ter-Antonyan
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | | | - S Tilav
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - P A Toale
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - M N Tobin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - C Tönnis
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - S Toscano
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Tosi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Tselengidou
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C F Tung
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - A Turcati
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - C F Turley
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - B Ty
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M A Unland Elorrieta
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - M Usner
- DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Vandenbroucke
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - W Van Driessche
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D van Eijk
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - N van Eijndhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Vanheule
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | | | - M Vraeghe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - C Walck
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Wallace
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - M Wallraff
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F D Wandler
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - N Wandkowsky
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T B Watson
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA
| | - A Waza
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Weaver
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - M J Weiss
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - C Wendt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Werthebach
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Westerhoff
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B J Whelan
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
| | - N Whitehorn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - K Wiebe
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C H Wiebusch
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Wille
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - D R Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - L Wills
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Wolf
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Wood
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T R Wood
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - E Woolsey
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - K Woschnagg
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Wrede
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D L Xu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - X W Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J P Yanez
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - S Yoshida
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - T Yuan
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Aartsen MG, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Samarai IA, Altmann D, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Backes P, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Barron JP, Barwick SW, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Börner M, Bos F, Böser S, Botner O, Bourbeau E, Bourbeau J, Bradascio F, Braun J, Brenzke M, Bretz HP, Bron S, Brostean-Kaiser J, Burgman A, Busse RS, Carver T, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Christov A, Clark K, Classen L, Collin GH, Conrad JM, Coppin P, Correa P, Cowen DF, Cross R, Dave P, Day M, de André JPAM, De Clercq C, DeLaunay JJ, Dembinski H, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries KD, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, di Lorenzo V, Dujmovic H, Dumm JP, Dunkman M, Dvorak E, Eberhardt B, Ehrhardt T, Eichmann B, Eller P, Evenson PA, Fahey S, Fazely AR, Felde J, Filimonov K, Finley C, Flis S, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fritz A, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Ganster E, Gerhardt L, Ghorbani K, Giang W, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Gonzalez JG, Grant D, Griffith Z, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halve L, Halzen F, Hanson K, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Hoinka T, Hokanson-Fasig B, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Hultqvist K, Hünnefeld M, Hussain R, In S, Iovine N, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Japaridze GS, Jeong M, Jero K, Jones BJP, Kalaczynski P, Kang W, Kappes A, Kappesser D, Karg T, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Keivani A, Kelley JL, Kheirandish A, Kim J, Kim M, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein SR, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koschinsky JP, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krings K, Kroll M, Krückl G, Kunwar S, Kurahashi N, Kuwabara T, Kyriacou A, Labare M, Lanfranchi JL, Larson MJ, Lauber F, Leonard K, Lesiak-Bzdak M, Leuermann M, Liu QR, Lohfink E, Mariscal CJL, Lu L, Lünemann J, Luszczak W, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn KBM, Mancina S, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, Meagher K, Medici M, Meier M, Menne T, Merino G, Meures T, Miarecki S, Micallef J, Momenté G, Montaruli T, Moore RW, Moulai M, Nahnhauer R, Nakarmi P, Naumann U, Neer G, Niederhausen H, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke Pollmann A, Olivas A, O’Murchadha A, O’Sullivan E, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova DV, Peiffer P, Pepper JA, Pérez de los Heros C, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Plum M, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Raab C, Rädel L, Rameez M, Rauch L, Rawlins K, Rea IC, Reimann R, Relethford B, Relich M, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk D, Safa I, Sanchez Herrera SE, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Santander M, Sarkar S, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schaufel M, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schneider A, Schoenen S, Schöneberg S, Schumacher L, Sclafani S, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Soedingrekso J, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stachurska J, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Stein R, Stettner J, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Strotjohann NL, Stuttard T, Sullivan GW, Sutherland M, Taboada I, Tatar J, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tilav S, Toale PA, Tobin MN, Tönnis C, Toscano S, Tosi D, Tselengidou M, Tung CF, Turcati A, Turley CF, Ty B, Unger E, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, Van Driessche W, van Eijk D, van Eijndhoven N, Vanheule S, van Santen J, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Wandler FD, Wandkowsky N, Waza A, Weaver C, Weiss MJ, Wendt C, Werthebach J, Westerhoff S, Whelan BJ, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Wille L, Williams DR, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood J, Wood TR, Woolsey E, Woschnagg K, Wrede G, Xu DL, Xu XW, Xu Y, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Yuan T. Search for neutrinos from decaying dark matter with IceCube: IceCube Collaboration. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2018; 78:831. [PMID: 30930683 PMCID: PMC6405043 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6273-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With the observation of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, interest has risen in models of PeV-mass decaying dark matter particles to explain the observed flux. We present two dedicated experimental analyses to test this hypothesis. One analysis uses 6 years of IceCube data focusing on muon neutrino 'track' events from the Northern Hemisphere, while the second analysis uses 2 years of 'cascade' events from the full sky. Known background components and the hypothetical flux from unstable dark matter are fitted to the experimental data. Since no significant excess is observed in either analysis, lower limits on the lifetime of dark matter particles are derived: we obtain the strongest constraint to date, excluding lifetimes shorter than10 28 s at 90% CL for dark matter masses above 10 TeV .
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Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Aartsen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | | | - J. Adams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J. A. Aguilar
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. Ahlers
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Ahrens
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I. Al Samarai
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D. Altmann
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - K. Andeen
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA
| | - T. Anderson
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - I. Ansseau
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G. Anton
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C. Argüelles
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - J. Auffenberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S. Axani
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - P. Backes
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - H. Bagherpour
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - X. Bai
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | - J. P. Barron
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - S. W. Barwick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - V. Baum
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R. Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - J. J. Beatty
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - J. Becker Tjus
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - K.-H. Becker
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - S. BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - D. Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | | | - D. Z. Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
| | - G. Binder
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - D. Bindig
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E. Blaufuss
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - S. Blot
- DESY, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C. Bohm
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Börner
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - F. Bos
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S. Böser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - O. Botner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - E. Bourbeau
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. Bourbeau
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | | | - J. Braun
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - M. Brenzke
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - S. Bron
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - A. Burgman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R. S. Busse
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - T. Carver
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - E. Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - D. Chirkin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. Christov
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K. Clark
- SNOLAB, 1039 Regional Road 24, Creighton Mine 9, Lively, ON P3Y 1N2 Canada
| | - L. Classen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - G. H. Collin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - J. M. Conrad
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - P. Coppin
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P. Correa
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D. F. Cowen
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - R. Cross
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - P. Dave
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - M. Day
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - J. P. A. M. de André
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - C. De Clercq
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J. J. DeLaunay
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - H. Dembinski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - S. De Ridder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - P. Desiati
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - K. D. de Vries
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G. de Wasseige
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. de With
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T. DeYoung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - J. C. Díaz-Vélez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - V. di Lorenzo
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H. Dujmovic
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - J. P. Dumm
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Dunkman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - E. Dvorak
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | - B. Eberhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B. Eichmann
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - P. Eller
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - P. A. Evenson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - S. Fahey
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. R. Fazely
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
| | - J. Felde
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - K. Filimonov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - C. Finley
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S. Flis
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - E. Friedman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - A. Fritz
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. K. Gaisser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - J. Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - E. Ganster
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L. Gerhardt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - K. Ghorbani
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - W. Giang
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - T. Glauch
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T. Glüsenkamp
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A. Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - J. G. Gonzalez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - D. Grant
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - Z. Griffith
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - C. Haack
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A. Hallgren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L. Halve
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F. Halzen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - K. Hanson
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - D. Hebecker
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D. Heereman
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K. Helbing
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R. Hellauer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - S. Hickford
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J. Hignight
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - G. C. Hill
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | - K. D. Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - R. Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - T. Hoinka
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - B. Hokanson-Fasig
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - K. Hoshina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - F. Huang
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - M. Huber
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - K. Hultqvist
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Hünnefeld
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - R. Hussain
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - S. In
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - N. Iovine
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A. Ishihara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | | | | | - M. Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - K. Jero
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - B. J. P. Jones
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019 USA
| | - P. Kalaczynski
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - W. Kang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - A. Kappes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D. Kappesser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Karg
- DESY, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - A. Karle
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - U. Katz
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M. Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. Keivani
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - J. L. Kelley
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. Kheirandish
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - J. Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - M. Kim
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | | | - J. Kiryluk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800 USA
| | - T. Kittler
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S. R. Klein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - R. Koirala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - H. Kolanoski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - L. Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C. Kopper
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - S. Kopper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
| | - J. P. Koschinsky
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D. J. Koskinen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Kowalski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- DESY, 15738 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K. Krings
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Kroll
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - G. Krückl
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - N. Kurahashi
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - T. Kuwabara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - A. Kyriacou
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | - M. Labare
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - J. L. Lanfranchi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - M. J. Larson
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F. Lauber
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - K. Leonard
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - M. Lesiak-Bzdak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800 USA
| | - M. Leuermann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Q. R. Liu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - E. Lohfink
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C. J. Lozano Mariscal
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - L. Lu
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - J. Lünemann
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - W. Luszczak
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - J. Madsen
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022 USA
| | - G. Maggi
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K. B. M. Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - S. Mancina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - R. Maruyama
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - K. Mase
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - R. Maunu
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - K. Meagher
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. Medici
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Meier
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T. Menne
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - G. Merino
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - T. Meures
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S. Miarecki
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - J. Micallef
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - G. Momenté
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Montaruli
- Département de Physique Nucléaire et Corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R. W. Moore
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - M. Moulai
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
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- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
| | - U. Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - G. Neer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - H. Niederhausen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800 USA
| | - S. C. Nowicki
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - D. R. Nygren
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
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- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - A. O’Murchadha
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E. O’Sullivan
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - H. Pandya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - D. V. Pankova
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
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- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J. A. Pepper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
| | - C. Pérez de los Heros
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D. Pieloth
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - E. Pinat
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA
| | - P. B. Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
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- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L. Rädel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Rameez
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508 USA
| | - I. C. Rea
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - R. Reimann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B. Relethford
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - M. Relich
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - E. Resconi
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W. Rhode
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M. Richman
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - S. Robertson
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | - M. Rongen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C. Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - T. Ruhe
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
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- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - I. Safa
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | | | - A. Sandrock
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J. Sandroos
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M. Santander
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
| | - S. Sarkar
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3NP UK
| | - S. Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
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- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P. Schlunder
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T. Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - A. Schneider
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - S. Schoenen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S. Schöneberg
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - L. Schumacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S. Sclafani
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - D. Seckel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - S. Seunarine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022 USA
| | - J. Soedingrekso
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D. Soldin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - M. Song
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - G. M. Spiczak
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022 USA
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- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - T. Stanev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | | | | | - J. Stettner
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A. Steuer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Stezelberger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - R. G. Stokstad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
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- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | | | - T. Stuttard
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - G. W. Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - M. Sutherland
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - J. Tatar
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - F. Tenholt
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
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- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
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- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - P. A. Toale
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
| | - M. N. Tobin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - C. Tönnis
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - S. Toscano
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D. Tosi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C. F. Tung
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
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- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
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- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - B. Ty
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - E. Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
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- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
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- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F. D. Wandler
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - N. Wandkowsky
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C. Weaver
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - M. J. Weiss
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - C. Wendt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | - K. Wiebe
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
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- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L. Wille
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - D. R. Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
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- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - M. Wolf
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. Wood
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - T. R. Wood
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
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- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
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- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
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- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - D. L. Xu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
| | - Y. Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800 USA
| | - J. P. Yanez
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
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- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
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- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - T. Yuan
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
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Rack S, Brady G, Wallace A, Galvin M, Frese K, Krebs M, Dive C, Rothwell D, Ayub M, Cook N. Molecular profiling of tumour and ctDNA in a gastrointestinal cancer cohort at an academic cancer centre. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy314.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Martin-Brevet S, Rodríguez-Herreros B, Nielsen JA, Moreau C, Modenato C, Maillard AM, Pain A, Richetin S, Jønch AE, Qureshi AY, Zürcher NR, Conus P, Chung WK, Sherr EH, Spiro JE, Kherif F, Beckmann JS, Hadjikhani N, Reymond A, Buckner RL, Draganski B, Jacquemont S, Arveiler B, Baujat G, Sloan-Béna F, Belfiore M, Bonneau D, Bouquillon S, Boute O, Brusco A, Busa T, Caberg JH, Campion D, Colombert V, Cordier MP, David A, Debray FG, Delrue MA, Doco-Fenzy M, Dunkhase-Heinl U, Edery P, Fagerberg C, Faivre L, Forzano F, Genevieve D, Gérard M, Giachino D, Guichet A, Guillin O, Héron D, Isidor B, Jacquette A, Jaillard S, Journel H, Keren B, Lacombe D, Lebon S, Le Caignec C, Lemaître MP, Lespinasse J, Mathieu-Dramart M, Mercier S, Mignot C, Missirian C, Petit F, Pilekær Sørensen K, Pinson L, Plessis G, Prieur F, Rooryck-Thambo C, Rossi M, Sanlaville D, Schlott Kristiansen B, Schluth-Bolard C, Till M, Van Haelst M, Van Maldergem L, Alupay H, Aaronson B, Ackerman S, Ankenman K, Anwar A, Atwell C, Bowe A, Beaudet AL, Benedetti M, Berg J, Berman J, Berry LN, Bibb AL, Blaskey L, Brennan J, Brewton CM, Buckner R, Bukshpun P, Burko J, Cali P, Cerban B, Chang Y, Cheong M, Chow V, Chu Z, Chudnovskaya D, Cornew L, Dale C, Dell J, Dempsey AG, Deschamps T, Earl R, Edgar J, Elgin J, Olson JE, Evans YL, Findlay A, Fischbach GD, Fisk C, Fregeau B, Gaetz B, Gaetz L, Garza S, Gerdts J, Glenn O, Gobuty SE, Golembski R, Greenup M, Heiken K, Hines K, Hinkley L, Jackson FI, Jenkins J, Jeremy RJ, Johnson K, Kanne SM, Kessler S, Khan SY, Ku M, Kuschner E, Laakman AL, Lam P, Lasala MW, Lee H, LaGuerre K, Levy S, Cavanagh AL, Llorens AV, Campe KL, Luks TL, Marco EJ, Martin S, Martin AJ, Marzano G, Masson C, McGovern KE, McNally Keehn R, Miller DT, Miller FK, Moss TJ, Murray R, Nagarajan SS, Nowell KP, Owen J, Paal AM, Packer A, Page PZ, Paul BM, Peters A, Peterson D, Poduri A, Pojman NJ, Porche K, Proud MB, Qasmieh S, Ramocki MB, Reilly B, Roberts TP, Shaw D, Sinha T, Smith-Packard B, Gallagher AS, Swarnakar V, Thieu T, Triantafallou C, Vaughan R, Wakahiro M, Wallace A, Ward T, Wenegrat J, Wolken A. Quantifying the Effects of 16p11.2 Copy Number Variants on Brain Structure: A Multisite Genetic-First Study. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:253-264. [PMID: 29778275 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.02.1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 16p11.2 breakpoint 4 to 5 copy number variants (CNVs) increase the risk for developing autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and language and cognitive impairment. In this multisite study, we aimed to quantify the effect of 16p11.2 CNVs on brain structure. METHODS Using voxel- and surface-based brain morphometric methods, we analyzed structural magnetic resonance imaging collected at seven sites from 78 individuals with a deletion, 71 individuals with a duplication, and 212 individuals without a CNV. RESULTS Beyond the 16p11.2-related mirror effect on global brain morphometry, we observe regional mirror differences in the insula (deletion > control > duplication). Other regions are preferentially affected by either the deletion or the duplication: the calcarine cortex and transverse temporal gyrus (deletion > control; Cohen's d > 1), the superior and middle temporal gyri (deletion < control; Cohen's d < -1), and the caudate and hippocampus (control > duplication; -0.5 > Cohen's d > -1). Measures of cognition, language, and social responsiveness and the presence of psychiatric diagnoses do not influence these results. CONCLUSIONS The global and regional effects on brain morphometry due to 16p11.2 CNVs generalize across site, computational method, age, and sex. Effect sizes on neuroimaging and cognitive traits are comparable. Findings partially overlap with results of meta-analyses performed across psychiatric disorders. However, the lack of correlation between morphometric and clinical measures suggests that CNV-associated brain changes contribute to clinical manifestations but require additional factors for the development of the disorder. These findings highlight the power of genetic risk factors as a complement to studying groups defined by behavioral criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Martin-Brevet
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie, Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Borja Rodríguez-Herreros
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jared A Nielsen
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Clara Moreau
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claudia Modenato
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie, Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne M Maillard
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre Cantonal Autisme, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurélie Pain
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre Cantonal Autisme, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Richetin
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aia E Jønch
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Human Genetics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Abid Y Qureshi
- Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Nicole R Zürcher
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Wendy K Chung
- Simons Foundation, New York, New York; Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Elliott H Sherr
- Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Ferath Kherif
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie, Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jacques S Beckmann
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nouchine Hadjikhani
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alexandre Reymond
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Randy L Buckner
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts; Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bogdan Draganski
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Neuroimagerie, Département des neurosciences cliniques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- Service of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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Wallace A, Lambert E, Sheridan B, Hunter I. Supracondylar fractures with a pink hand: Beware the tear! Int J Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.05.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Altman A, Wallace A, Jiang T, Okafor E, Lionberg A, Oladini F, Baron A, Matsumoto M, Sharma M, Patel P, Funaki B, Chang P. 3:54 PM Abstract No. 147 Prebiopsy labs for patients without conditions predisposing to coagulopathy: are they really necessary? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Chang R, Hillen T, Wallace A, Tomasian A, Jennings J. Abstract No. 491 Simultaneous bipedicular radiofrequency ablation for local tumor control of vertebral metastases. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.01.536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Shuford RA, Dulaney CR, Wallace A. Abstract P5-22-13: Representation of surgical breast research at an interdisciplinary oncology conference. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p5-22-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The treatment of breast cancer requires an interdisciplinary approach, involving the fields of surgery, radiation oncology, medical oncology, pathology and radiology. The roles of various specialties may differ in the local versus metastatic setting. Despite the importance of collaborative care, significant disparities remain in federal funding of research among different medical specialties. The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate the representation of the surgical specialty at an interdisciplinary oncology research conference.
Methods: All electronically available abstracts in the breast cancer local, regional, adjuvant or breast cancer metastatic categories at American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2017 annual meeting were reviewed. All abstracts containing the word “breast” in the title of other relevant categories were also included. These categories included developmental therapeutics, patient and survivor care, brain metastases, cancer prevention/hereditary genetics/epidemiology, tumor biology, health services/clinical informatics/quality of care. Only abstracts in these categories that were presented via poster or oral presentation at the annual meeting were included. The medical discipline, gender, and country of institution were recorded for each first and last author. Country of institution was recorded based on abstract reported affiliation. Gender and medical discipline were recorded based on information from academic and industry profiles available online.
Results: A total of 301 breast cancer posters (n = 276) and oral abstracts (n = 25) were presented at ASCO 2017. The majority of first (56.8%) and last (56.1%) authorships were from institutions in the United States. Geographic distribution of surgical first authors was as follows: 50.0% United States, 13.9% Europe and 36.1% Asia. While medical oncology represented the majority of first (59.5%) and final authorships (61.8%), surgery was underrepresented at 12.0% of first and 9.0% of final authors. When only non-metastatic breast cancer related abstracts were included (n = 142) surgical representation improved for both first (18.3%) and final (14.1%) authorship. While low in comparison to medical oncology, representation for the field of surgery was better than that of radiation oncology (2.3% first and 2.0% last authors), pathology (2.7% first and 3.3% last authors), and radiology (1.7% both first and last authors). In the entire cohort, female researchers were well represented as first authors (50.8%), but less often as final authors (41.9%). Representation of female surgeons was variable based on authorship: 61.1% of surgical first authors were female, but only 37% of surgical final authors were women.
Conclusions: The treatment of breast cancer requires a multidisciplinary approach. However, despite the collaborative nature of care, researchers in the field of surgery were less likely to present scholarly activity at ASCO 2017. This is likely multifactorial, and warrants further research to identify barriers and facilitators of surgical participation in the conduct and reporting of breast cancer surgical research.
Citation Format: Shuford RA, Dulaney CR, Wallace A. Representation of surgical breast research at an interdisciplinary oncology conference [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-22-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- RA Shuford
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - CR Dulaney
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - A Wallace
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
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Khan M, Halkyard E, Wallace A, Burghel G, Zhou C, Blackhall F. Does EGFR genome analysis turnaround time affect the length of survival of patients with EGFR positive non-small cell lung cancer? Lung Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(18)30051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Tay R, Carter M, Wallace A, Burghel G, Halkyard E, Khan M, Blackhall F. Use of plasma circulating tumour DNA to detect epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations: results from a ctDNA service in the north-west of England. Lung Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(18)30071-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Quinn A, Basnet M, McNulty C, Mayers H, Ganjifrockwala A, Cotterill A, Wallace A, Blackhall F, Sutton P. Establishing ALK immunohisto/cytochemistry testing in multiple centres within Greater Manchester; lessons learned, benefits and consequences. Lung Cancer 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(18)30083-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nadira N, Al-Najjar H, Higgins C, Wallace A, Harris J, Bailey S, Shelton D, Thiryayi S, Rana D. P1.03-001 Verification and Implementation of the VENTANA Anti-ALK D5F3 Antibody in Detecting ALK Rearrangement in NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Aartsen MG, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Al Samarai I, Altmann D, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Archinger M, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Bagherpour H, Bai X, Barwick SW, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, BenZvi S, Berley D, Bernardini E, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Börner M, Bos F, Bose D, Böser S, Botner O, Bradascio F, Braun J, Brayeur L, Bretz HP, Bron S, Burgman A, Carver T, Casier M, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Christov A, Clark K, Classen L, Coenders S, Collin GH, Conrad JM, Cowen DF, Cross R, Day M, de André JPAM, De Clercq C, del Pino Rosendo E, Dembinski H, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries KD, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, di Lorenzo V, Dujmovic H, Dumm JP, Dunkman M, Eberhardt B, Ehrhardt T, Eichmann B, Eller P, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fahey S, Fazely AR, Feintzeig J, Felde J, Filimonov K, Finley C, Flis S, Fösig CC, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fuchs T, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Gerhardt L, Ghorbani K, Giang W, Gladstone L, Glauch T, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Gonzalez JG, Grant D, Griffith Z, Haack C, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Hansen E, Hansmann T, Hanson K, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Hultqvist K, In S, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Japaridze GS, Jeong M, Jero K, Jones BJP, Kang W, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Keivani A, Kelley JL, Kheirandish A, Kim J, Kim M, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein SR, Kohnen G, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Konietz R, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krings K, Kroll M, Krückl G, Krüger C, Kunnen J, Kunwar S, Kurahashi N, Kuwabara T, Kyriacou A, Labare M, Lanfranchi JL, Larson MJ, Lauber F, Lennarz D, Lesiak-Bzdak M, Leuermann M, Lu L, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn KBM, Mancina S, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, McNally F, Meagher K, Medici M, Meier M, Menne T, Merino G, Meures T, Miarecki S, Micallef J, Momenté G, Montaruli T, Moulai M, Nahnhauer R, Naumann U, Neer G, Niederhausen H, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke Pollmann A, Olivas A, O’Murchadha A, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova DV, Peiffer P, Penek Ö, Pepper JA, Pérez de los Heros C, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Quinnan M, Raab C, Rädel L, Rameez M, Rawlins K, Reimann R, Relethford B, Relich M, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Riedel B, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk D, Sabbatini L, Sanchez Herrera SE, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schoenen S, Schöneberg S, Schumacher L, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stachurska J, Stanev T, Stasik A, Stettner J, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Ström R, Strotjohann NL, Sullivan GW, Sutherland M, Taavola H, Taboada I, Tatar J, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tešić G, Tilav S, Toale PA, Tobin MN, Toscano S, Tosi D, Tselengidou M, Tung CF, Turcati A, Unger E, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, van Eijndhoven N, Vanheule S, van Rossem M, van Santen J, Vehring M, Voge M, Vogel E, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Wandkowsky N, Waza A, Weaver C, Weiss MJ, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whelan BJ, Wickmann S, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Wille L, Williams DR, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood TR, Woolsey E, Woschnagg K, Xu DL, Xu XW, Xu Y, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Zoll M. Measurement of the ν μ energy spectrum with IceCube-79: IceCube Collaboration. Eur Phys J C Part Fields 2017; 77:692. [PMID: 31997925 PMCID: PMC6956919 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5261-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
IceCube is a neutrino observatory deployed in the glacial ice at the geographic South Pole. The ν μ energy unfolding described in this paper is based on data taken with IceCube in its 79-string configuration. A sample of muon neutrino charged-current interactions with a purity of 99.5% was selected by means of a multivariate classification process based on machine learning. The subsequent unfolding was performed using the software Truee. The resulting spectrum covers an E ν -range of more than four orders of magnitude from 125 GeV to 3.2 PeV. Compared to the Honda atmospheric neutrino flux model, the energy spectrum shows an excess of more than 1.9 σ in four adjacent bins for neutrino energies E ν ≥ 177.8 TeV . The obtained spectrum is fully compatible with previous measurements of the atmospheric neutrino flux and recent IceCube measurements of a flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. G. Aartsen
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | | | - J. Adams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J. A. Aguilar
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. Ahlers
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - M. Ahrens
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I. Al Samarai
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D. Altmann
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - K. Andeen
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA
| | - T. Anderson
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - I. Ansseau
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G. Anton
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M. Archinger
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C. Argüelles
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - J. Auffenberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S. Axani
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - H. Bagherpour
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - X. Bai
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA
| | - S. W. Barwick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - V. Baum
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R. Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - J. J. Beatty
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - J. Becker Tjus
- Fakultät für Physik and Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - K.-H. Becker
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - S. BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - D. Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | | | - D. Z. Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA
| | - G. Binder
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - D. Bindig
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E. Blaufuss
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - S. Blot
- DESY, 15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C. Bohm
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Börner
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - F. Bos
- Fakultät für Physik and Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - D. Bose
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - S. Böser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - O. Botner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - J. Braun
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - L. Brayeur
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - S. Bron
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A. Burgman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - T. Carver
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M. Casier
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E. Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - D. Chirkin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. Christov
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - K. Clark
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7 Canada
| | - L. Classen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - S. Coenders
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G. H. Collin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - J. M. Conrad
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - D. F. Cowen
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - R. Cross
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
| | - M. Day
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - J. P. A. M. de André
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - C. De Clercq
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E. del Pino Rosendo
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H. Dembinski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - S. De Ridder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - P. Desiati
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - K. D. de Vries
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G. de Wasseige
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. de With
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T. DeYoung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - J. C. Díaz-Vélez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - V. di Lorenzo
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H. Dujmovic
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - J. P. Dumm
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M. Dunkman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - B. Eberhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B. Eichmann
- Fakultät für Physik and Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - P. Eller
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - S. Euler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P. A. Evenson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - S. Fahey
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. R. Fazely
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
| | - J. Feintzeig
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - J. Felde
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - K. Filimonov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - C. Finley
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S. Flis
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C.-C. Fösig
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - E. Friedman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - T. Fuchs
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T. K. Gaisser
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - J. Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - L. Gerhardt
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - K. Ghorbani
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - W. Giang
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - L. Gladstone
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - T. Glauch
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - T. Glüsenkamp
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A. Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - J. G. Gonzalez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - D. Grant
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - Z. Griffith
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - C. Haack
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A. Hallgren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F. Halzen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - E. Hansen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T. Hansmann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K. Hanson
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - D. Hebecker
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D. Heereman
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K. Helbing
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R. Hellauer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - S. Hickford
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J. Hignight
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - G. C. Hill
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | - K. D. Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - R. Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - K. Hoshina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - F. Huang
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - M. Huber
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - K. Hultqvist
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S. In
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - A. Ishihara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | | | | | - M. Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - K. Jero
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - B. J. P. Jones
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | - W. Kang
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - A. Kappes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - T. Karg
- DESY, 15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - A. Karle
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - U. Katz
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M. Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. Keivani
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - J. L. Kelley
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. Kheirandish
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - J. Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - M. Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | | | - J. Kiryluk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800 USA
| | - T. Kittler
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S. R. Klein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - G. Kohnen
- Université de Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - R. Koirala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - H. Kolanoski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Konietz
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L. Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C. Kopper
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - S. Kopper
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - D. J. Koskinen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Kowalski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- DESY, 15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K. Krings
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Kroll
- Fakultät für Physik and Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - G. Krückl
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C. Krüger
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - J. Kunnen
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - N. Kurahashi
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - T. Kuwabara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - A. Kyriacou
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | - M. Labare
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - J. L. Lanfranchi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - M. J. Larson
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F. Lauber
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - D. Lennarz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - M. Lesiak-Bzdak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800 USA
| | - M. Leuermann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L. Lu
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - J. Lünemann
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J. Madsen
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022 USA
| | - G. Maggi
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K. B. M. Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - S. Mancina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - R. Maruyama
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
| | - K. Mase
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - R. Maunu
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - F. McNally
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - K. Meagher
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M. Medici
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M. Meier
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T. Menne
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - G. Merino
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - T. Meures
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S. Miarecki
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - J. Micallef
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - G. Momenté
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Montaruli
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M. Moulai
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA
| | | | - U. Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - G. Neer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - H. Niederhausen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800 USA
| | - S. C. Nowicki
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - D. R. Nygren
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | | | - A. Olivas
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - A. O’Murchadha
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - T. Palczewski
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - H. Pandya
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - D. V. Pankova
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - P. Peiffer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ö. Penek
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J. A. Pepper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
| | - C. Pérez de los Heros
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D. Pieloth
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - E. Pinat
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P. B. Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | | | - M. Quinnan
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - C. Raab
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L. Rädel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Rameez
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K. Rawlins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508 USA
| | - R. Reimann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B. Relethford
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - M. Relich
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - E. Resconi
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W. Rhode
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M. Richman
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - B. Riedel
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - S. Robertson
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | - M. Rongen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C. Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 440-746 Korea
| | - T. Ruhe
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D. Ryckbosch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - D. Rysewyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824 USA
| | - L. Sabbatini
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | | | - A. Sandrock
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J. Sandroos
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S. Sarkar
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3NP UK
| | | | - P. Schlunder
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, 44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T. Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - S. Schoenen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S. Schöneberg
- Fakultät für Physik and Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - L. Schumacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D. Seckel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - S. Seunarine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022 USA
| | - D. Soldin
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M. Song
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - G. M. Spiczak
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022 USA
| | | | | | - T. Stanev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | | | - J. Stettner
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A. Steuer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T. Stezelberger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - R. G. Stokstad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - A. Stößl
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - R. Ström
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - G. W. Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
| | - M. Sutherland
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - H. Taavola
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I. Taboada
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - J. Tatar
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - F. Tenholt
- Fakultät für Physik and Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S. Ter-Antonyan
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
| | | | - G. Tešić
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - S. Tilav
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Bartol Research Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA
| | - P. A. Toale
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
| | - M. N. Tobin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - S. Toscano
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D. Tosi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - M. Tselengidou
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - C. F. Tung
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
| | - A. Turcati
- Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E. Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - J. Vandenbroucke
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - N. van Eijndhoven
- Dienst ELEM, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S. Vanheule
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - M. van Rossem
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | | | - M. Vehring
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Voge
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - E. Vogel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M. Vraeghe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - C. Walck
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A. Wallace
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | - M. Wallraff
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - N. Wandkowsky
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - A. Waza
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ch. Weaver
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - M. J. Weiss
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 USA
| | - C. Wendt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - S. Westerhoff
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - B. J. Whelan
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005 Australia
| | - S. Wickmann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K. Wiebe
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C. H. Wiebusch
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L. Wille
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - D. R. Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA
| | - L. Wills
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - M. Wolf
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T. R. Wood
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - E. Woolsey
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - K. Woschnagg
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - D. L. Xu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA
| | - X. W. Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813 USA
| | - Y. Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800 USA
| | - J. P. Yanez
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1 Canada
| | - G. Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
| | - S. Yoshida
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522 Japan
| | - M. Zoll
- Department of Physics, Oskar Klein Centre, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Gupta A, Ayub M, Miller C, Rothwell D, Wallace A, Jordan A, Cook N, Thistlethwaite F, Carter L, O’Brien C, Aruketty S, Dean E, Hudson A, Frese K, Dransfield J, Hughes A, Marais R, Dive C, Brady G, Krebs M. Development of the Manchester Cancer Research Centre Molecular Tumour Board for matching patients to clinical trials based on tumour and ctDNA genetic profiling. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Self MM, Fobian A, Cutitta K, Wallace A, Lotze TE. Health-Related Quality of Life in Pediatric Patients With Demyelinating Diseases: Relevance of Disability, Relapsing Presentation, and Fatigue. J Pediatr Psychol 2017; 43:133-142. [DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsx093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mariella M Self
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
- Texas Children’s Hospital
| | - Aaron Fobian
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and
| | - Katherine Cutitta
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
- Texas Children’s Hospital
| | - Arianne Wallace
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
| | - Timothy E Lotze
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
- Texas Children’s Hospital
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Albert A, André M, Anghinolfi M, Anton G, Ardid M, Aubert JJ, Avgitas T, Baret B, Barrios-Martí J, Basa S, Bertin V, Biagi S, Bormuth R, Bourret S, Bouwhuis M, Bruijn R, Brunner J, Busto J, Capone A, Caramete L, Carr J, Celli S, Chiarusi T, Circella M, Coelho J, Coleiro A, Coniglione R, Costantini H, Coyle P, Creusot A, Deschamps A, De Bonis G, Distefano C, Di Palma I, Donzaud C, Dornic D, Drouhin D, Eberl T, El Bojaddaini I, Elsässer D, Enzenhöfer A, Felis I, Fusco L, Galatà S, Gay P, Giordano V, Glotin H, Grégoire T, Gracia Ruiz R, Graf K, Hallmann S, van Haren H, Heijboer A, Hello Y, Hernández-Rey J, Hößl J, Hofestädt J, Hugon C, Illuminati G, James C, de Jong M, Jongen M, Kadler M, Kalekin O, Katz U, Kießling D, Kouchner A, Kreter M, Kreykenbohm I, Kulikovskiy V, Lachaud C, Lahmann R, Lefèvre D, Leonora E, Lotze M, Loucatos S, Marcelin M, Margiotta A, Marinelli A, Martínez-Mora J, Mathieu A, Mele R, Melis K, Michael T, Migliozzi P, Moussa A, Nezri E, Păvălaş G, Pellegrino C, Perrina C, Piattelli P, Popa V, Pradier T, Quinn L, Racca C, Riccobene G, Sánchez-Losa A, Saldaña M, Salvadori I, Samtleben D, McIver J, McManus D, McRae T, McWilliams S, Meacher D, Meadors G, Meidam J, Melatos A, Mendell G, Mendoza-Gandara D, Sanguineti M, Mercer R, Merilh E, Merzougui M, Meshkov S, Messenger C, Messick C, Metzdorff R, Meyers P, Mezzani F, Miao H, Sapienza P, Michel C, Middleton H, Mikhailov E, Milano L, Miller A, Miller A, Miller B, Miller J, Millhouse M, Minenkov Y, Schüssler F, Ming J, Mirshekari S, Mishra C, Mitra S, Mitrofanov V, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Moggi A, Mohan M, Mohapatra S, Sieger C, Montani M, Moore B, Moore C, Moraru D, Moreno G, Morriss S, Mours B, Mow-Lowry C, Mueller G, Muir A, Spurio M, Mukherjee A, Mukherjee D, Mukherjee S, Mukund N, Mullavey A, Munch J, Muniz E, Murray P, Mytidis A, Napier K, Stolarczyk T, Nardecchia I, Naticchioni L, Nelemans G, Nelson T, Neri M, Nery M, Neunzert A, Newport J, Newton G, Nguyen T, Taiuti M, Nielsen A, Nissanke S, Nitz A, Noack A, Nocera F, Nolting D, Normandin M, Nuttall L, Oberling J, Ochsner E, Tayalati Y, Oelker E, Ogin G, Oh J, Oh S, Ohme F, Oliver M, Oppermann P, Oram RJ, O’Reilly B, O’Shaughnessy R, Trovato A, Ottaway D, Overmier H, Owen B, Pace A, Page J, Pai A, Pai S, Palamos J, Palashov O, Palomba C, Turpin D, Pal-Singh A, Pan H, Pankow C, Pannarale F, Pant B, Paoletti F, Paoli A, Papa M, Paris H, Parker W, Tönnis C, Pascucci D, Pasqualetti A, Passaquieti R, Passuello D, Patricelli B, Pearlstone B, Pedraza M, Pedurand R, Pekowsky L, Pele A, Vallage B, Penn S, Perez C, Perreca A, Perri L, Pfeiffer H, Phelps M, Piccinni O, Pichot M, Piergiovanni F, Pierro V, Vallée C, Pillant G, Pinard L, Pinto I, Pitkin M, Poe M, Poggiani R, Popolizio P, Post A, Powell J, Prasad J, Van Elewyck V, Pratt J, Predoi V, Prestegard T, Prijatelj M, Principe M, Privitera S, Prodi G, Prokhorov L, Puncken O, Punturo M, Versari F, Puppo P, Pürrer M, Qi H, Qin J, Qiu S, Quetschke V, Quintero E, Quitzow-James R, Raab F, Rabeling D, Vivolo D, Radkins H, Raffai P, Raja S, Rajan C, Rakhmanov M, Rapagnani P, Raymond V, Razzano M, Re V, Read J, Vizzoca A, Regimbau T, Rei L, Reid S, Reitze D, Rew H, Reyes S, Rhoades E, Ricci F, Riles K, Rizzo M, Wilms J, Robertson N, Robie R, Robinet F, Rocchi A, Rolland L, Rollins J, Roma V, Romano R, Romie J, Rosińska D, Zornoza J, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Ruggi P, Ryan K, Sachdev S, Sadecki T, Sadeghian L, Sakellariadou M, Salconi L, Saleem M, Zúñiga J, Salemi F, Samajdar A, Sammut L, Sampson L, Sanchez E, Sandberg V, Sanders J, Sassolas B, Sathyaprakash B, Saulson P, Aartsen M, Sauter O, Savage R, Sawadsky A, Schale P, Scheuer J, Schmidt E, Schmidt J, Schmidt P, Schnabel R, Schofield R, Ackermann M, Schönbeck A, Schreiber E, Schuette D, Schutz B, Schwalbe S, Scott J, Scott S, Sellers D, Sengupta A, Sentenac D, Adams J, Sequino V, Sergeev A, Setyawati Y, Shaddock D, Shaffer T, Shahriar M, Shapiro B, Shawhan P, Sheperd A, Shoemaker D, Aguilar J, Shoemaker D, Siellez K, Siemens X, Sieniawska M, Sigg D, Silva A, Singer A, Singer L, Singh A, Singh R, Ahlers M, Singhal A, Sintes A, Slagmolen B, Smith B, Smith J, Smith R, Son E, Sorazu B, Sorrentino F, Souradeep T, Ahrens M, Spencer A, Srivastava A, Staley A, Steinke M, Steinlechner J, Steinlechner S, Steinmeyer D, Stephens B, Stevenson S, Stone R, Al Samarai I, Strain K, Straniero N, Stratta G, Strigin S, Sturani R, Stuver A, Summerscales T, Sun L, Sunil S, Sutton P, Altmann D, Swinkels B, Szczepańczyk M, Tacca M, Talukder D, Tanner D, Tápai M, Taracchini A, Taylor R, Theeg T, Thomas E, Andeen K, Thomas M, Thomas P, Thorne K, Thrane E, Tippens T, Tiwari S, Tiwari V, Tokmakov K, Toland K, Tomlinson C, Anderson T, Tonelli M, Tornasi Z, Torrie C, Töyrä D, Travasso F, Traylor G, Trifirò D, Trinastic J, Tringali M, Trozzo L, Ansseau I, Tse M, Tso R, Turconi M, Tuyenbayev D, Ugolini D, Unnikrishnan C, Urban A, Usman S, Vahlbruch H, Vajente G, Anton G, Valdes G, van Bakel N, van Beuzekom M, van den Brand J, Van Den Broeck C, Vander-Hyde D, van der Schaaf L, van Heijningen J, van Veggel A, Vardaro M, Archinger M, Varma V, Vass S, Vasúth M, Vecchio A, Vedovato G, Veitch J, Veitch P, Venkateswara K, Venugopalan G, Verkindt D, Argüelles C, Vetrano F, Viceré A, Viets A, Vinciguerra S, Vine D, Vinet JY, Vitale S, Vo T, Vocca H, Vorvick C, Auffenberg J, Voss D, Vousden W, Vyatchanin S, Wade A, Wade L, Wade M, Walker M, Wallace L, Walsh S, Wang G, Axani S, Wang H, Wang M, Wang Y, Ward R, Warner J, Was M, Watchi J, Weaver B, Wei LW, Weinert M, Bagherpour H, Weinstein A, Weiss R, Wen L, Weßels P, Westphal T, Wette K, Whelan J, Whiting B, Whittle C, Williams D, Bai X, Williams R, Williamson A, Willis J, Willke B, Wimmer M, Winkler W, Wipf C, Wittel H, Woan G, Woehler J, Barwick S, Worden J, Wright J, Wu D, Wu G, Yam W, Yamamoto H, Yancey C, Yap M, Yu H, Yu H, Baum V, Yvert M, Zadrożny A, Zangrando L, Zanolin M, Zendri JP, Zevin M, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhang T, Zhang Y, Bay R, Zhao 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Billingsley G, Billman C, Birch J, Birney R, Birnholtz O, Biscans S, Bisht A, Bitossi M, Biwer C, Bizouard M, Blackburn J, Blackman J, Blair C, Blair D, Blair R, Bloemen S, Bock O, Boer M, Bogaert G, Bohe A, Bondu F, Bonnand R, Boom B, Bork R, Boschi V, Bose S, Bouffanais Y, Bozzi A, Bradaschia C, Brady P, Braginsky V, Branchesi M, Brau J, Briant T, Brillet A, Brinkmann M, Brisson V, Brockill P, Broida J, Brooks A, Brown D, Brown D, Brown N, Brunett S, Buchanan C, Buikema A, Bulik T, Bulten H, Buonanno A, Buskulic D, Buy C, Byer R, Cabero M, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Cahillane C, Calderón Bustillo J, Callister T, Calloni E, Camp J, Canepa M, Cannon K, Cao H, Cao J, Capano C, Capocasa E, Carbognani F, Caride S, Casanueva Diaz J, Casentini C, Caudill S, Cavaglià M, Cavalier F, Cavalieri R, Cella G, Cepeda C, Cerboni Baiardi L, Cerretani G, Cesarini E, Chamberlin S, Chan M, Chao S, Charlton P, Chassande-Mottin E, Cheeseboro B, Chen H, Chen Y, Cheng HP, Chincarini A, Chiummo A, Chmiel T, Cho H, Cho M, Chow J, Christensen N, Chu Q, Chua A, Chua S, Chung S, Ciani G, Clara F, Clark J, Cleva F, Cocchieri C, Coccia E, Cohadon PF, Colla A, Collette C, Cominsky L, Constancio M, Conti L, Cooper S, Corbitt T, Cornish N, Corsi A, Cortese S, Costa C, Coughlin M, Coughlin S, Coulon JP, Countryman S, Couvares P, Covas P, Cowan E, Coward D, Cowart M, Coyne D, Coyne R, Creighton J, Creighton T, Cripe J, Crowder S, Cullen T, Cumming A, Cunningham L, Cuoco E, Dal Canton T, Danilishin S, D’Antonio S, Danzmann K, Dasgupta A, Da Silva Costa C, Dattilo V, Dave I, Davier M, Davies G, Davis D, Daw E, Day B, Day R, De S, DeBra D, Debreczeni G, Degallaix J, De Laurentis M, Deléglise S, Del Pozzo W, Denker T, Dent T, Dergachev V, De Rosa R, DeRosa R, DeSalvo R, Devine R, Dhurandhar S, Díaz M, Di Fiore L, Di Giovanni M, Di Girolamo T, Di Lieto A, Di Pace S, Di Palma I, Di Virgilio A, Doctor Z, Dolique V, Donovan F, Dooley K, Doravari S, Dorrington I, Douglas R, Dovale Álvarez M, Downes T, Drago M, Drever R, Driggers J, Du Z, Ducrot M, Dwyer S, Edo T, Edwards M, Effler A, Eggenstein HB, Ehrens P, Eichholz J, Eikenberry S, Eisenstein R, Essick R, Etienne Z, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans T, Everett R, Factourovich M, Fafone V, Fair H, Fairhurst S, Fan X, Farinon S, Farr B, Farr W, Fauchon-Jones E, Favata M, Fays M, Fehrmann H, Fejer M, Fernández Galiana A, Ferrante I, Ferreira E, Ferrini F, Fidecaro F, Fiori I, Fiorucci D, Fisher R, Flaminio R, Fletcher M, Fong H, Forsyth S, Fournier JD, Frasca S, Frasconi F, Frei Z, Freise A, Frey R, Frey V, Fries E, Fritschel P, Frolov V, Fulda P, Fyffe M, Gabbard H, Gadre B, Gaebel S, Gair J, Gammaitoni L, Gaonkar S, Garufi F, Gaur G, Gayathri V, Gehrels N, Gemme G, Genin E, Gennai A, George J, Gergely L, Germain V, Ghonge S, Ghosh A, Ghosh A, Ghosh S, Giaime J, Giardina K, Giazotto A, Gill K, Glaefke A, Goetz E, Goetz R, Gondan L, González G, Gonzalez Castro J, Gopakumar A, Gorodetsky M, Gossan S, Gosselin M, Gouaty R, Grado A, Graef C, Granata M, Grant A, Gras S, Gray C, Greco G, Green A, Groot P, Grote H, Grunewald S, Guidi G, Guo X, Gupta A, Gupta M, Gushwa K, Gustafson E, Gustafson R, Hacker J, Hall B, Hall E, Hammond G, Haney M, Hanke M, Hanks J, Hanna C, Hannam M, Hanson J, Hardwick T, Harms J, Harry G, Harry I, Hart M, Hartman M, Haster CJ, Haughian K, Healy J, Heidmann A, Heintze M, Heitmann H, Hello P, Hemming G, Hendry M, Heng I, Hennig J, Henry J, Heptonstall A, Heurs M, Hild S, Hoak D, Hofman D, Holt K, Holz D, Hopkins P, Hough J, Houston E, Howell E, Hu Y, Huerta E, Huet D, Hughey B, Husa S, Huttner S, Huynh-Dinh T, Indik N, Ingram D, Inta R, Isa H, Isac JM, Isi M, Isogai T, Iyer B, Izumi K, Jacqmin T, Jani K, Jaranowski P, Jawahar S, Jiménez-Forteza F, Johnson W, Jones D, Jones R, Jonker R, Ju L, Junker J, Kalaghatgi C, Kalogera V, Kandhasamy S, Kang G, Kanner J, Karki S, Karvinen K, Kasprzack M, Katsavounidis E, Katzman W, Kaufer S, Kaur T, Kawabe K, Kéfélian F, Keitel D, Kelley D, Kennedy R, Key J, Khalili F, Khan I, Khan S, Khan Z, Khazanov E, Kijbunchoo N, Kim C, Kim J, Kim W, Kim W, Kim YM, Kimbrell S, King E, King P, Kirchhoff R, Kissel J, Klein B, Kleybolte L, Klimenko S, Koch P, Koehlenbeck S, Koley S, Kondrashov V, Kontos A, Korobko M, Korth W, Kowalska I, Kozak D, Krämer C, Kringel V, Królak A, Kuehn G, Kumar P, Kumar R, Kuo L, Kutynia A, Lackey B, Landry M, Lang R, Lange J, Lantz B, Lanza R, Lartaux-Vollard A, Lasky P, Laxen M, Lazzarini A, Lazzaro C, Leaci P, Leavey S, Lebigot E, Lee C, Lee H, Lee H, Lee K, Lehmann J, Lenon A, Leonardi M, Leong J, Leroy N, Letendre N, Levin Y, Li T, Libson A, Littenberg T, Liu J, Lockerbie N, Lombardi A, London L, Lord J, Lorenzini M, Loriette V, Lormand M, Losurdo G, Lough J, Lovelace G, Lück H, Lundgren A, Lynch R, Ma Y, Macfoy S, Machenschalk B, MacInnis M, Macleod D, Magaña-Sandoval F, Majorana E, Maksimovic I, Malvezzi V, Man N, Mandic V, Mangano V, Mansell G, Manske M, Mantovani M, Marchesoni F, Marion F, Márka S, Márka Z, Markosyan A, Maros E, Martelli F, Martellini L, Martin I, Martynov D, Mason K, Masserot A, Massinger T, Masso-Reid M, Mastrogiovanni S, Matichard F, Matone L, Mavalvala N, Mazumder N, McCarthy R, McClelland D, McCormick S, McGrath C, McGuire S, McIntyre G. Search for high-energy neutrinos from gravitational wave event GW151226 and candidate LVT151012 with ANTARES and IceCube. Int J Clin Exp Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.96.022005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Thomas K, Brindle R, Chalmers J, Gamble B, Francis N, Hardy D, Hooper J, Keeley V, Levell N, McPhee M, Metcalf L, Santer M, Tarpey M, Smart P, Wallace A, Wilkes S. Identifying priority areas for research into the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of cellulitis (erysipelas): results of a James Lind Alliance Priority Setting Partnership. Br J Dermatol 2017; 177:541-543. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K.S. Thomas
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; The University of Nottingham; Nottingham U.K
| | - R. Brindle
- School of Clinical Sciences; University of Bristol; Bristol U.K
| | - J.R. Chalmers
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; The University of Nottingham; Nottingham U.K
| | | | - N.A. Francis
- Division of Population Medicine; School of Medicine; Cardiff University; Cardiff U.K
| | - D. Hardy
- Kendal Lymphology Centre; Kendal U.K
| | - J. Hooper
- Patient participant
- Primary Care and Population Sciences; University of Southampton; Southampton U.K
| | - V. Keeley
- Derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Derby U.K
| | - N.J. Levell
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Norwich U.K
| | - M. McPhee
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; The University of Nottingham; Nottingham U.K
| | - L. Metcalf
- James Lind Alliance, National Institute for Health Research Evaluation; Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre; University of Southampton; Southampton U.K
| | - M. Santer
- Primary Care and Population Sciences; University of Southampton; Southampton U.K
| | - M. Tarpey
- James Lind Alliance, National Institute for Health Research Evaluation; Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre; University of Southampton; Southampton U.K
| | | | - A. Wallace
- Patient participant
- Lymphoedema Support Network; London U.K
| | - S. Wilkes
- Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology; The University of Nottingham; Nottingham U.K
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Shah M, Jensen R, Yau C, Straehley I, Berry DA, DeMichele A, Buxton MB, Hylton NM, Perlmutter J, Symmans WF, Tripathy D, Yee D, Wallace A, Kaplan HG, Clark A, Chien AJ, Esserman LJ, Melisko ME. Abstract P5-11-18: Trajectory of patient (Pt) reported physical function (PF) during and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the I-SPY 2 trial. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p5-11-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patients (pts) receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer experience toxicities impacting short and long-term quality of life (QOL). Within I-SPY 2, a trial adaptively randomizing stage II/III breast cancer pts to neoadjuvant chemotherapy +/- an investigational agent, we are collecting pt reported outcome (PRO) data to understand the impact of investigational agents on QOL. This PRO sub-study provides a unique opportunity to study QOL longitudinally and explore how pt and tumor characteristics, exposure to investigational therapies, and surgical outcome impact QOL.
Methods
Pts enrolled in this trial receive paclitaxel (T) +/- an investigational agent for 12 weeks followed by 4 cycles of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC). Surveys include the EORTC QLQ-C30 and BR-23, and PROMIS measures for QOL metrics including but not limited to physical function (PF), anxiety, and depression. Surveys are administered pre-chemotherapy to 2 years post-surgery. PF data from the EORTC and PROMIS instruments was analyzed for 238 pts at 5 sites (UCSF, UCSD, U of Pennsylvania, U of Minnesota, and Swedish Cancer Center). 48 pts completed baseline, inter-regimen (between T and AC), pre-operative and post-surgery surveys. Of the 48 pts 32 completed a 6-month follow up (FUP) and 31 completed a 1-year FUP survey. A linear mixed effect model, adjusting for HER2 status and treatment type was used to evaluate changes in PF over time. Sample size is small and statistics are descriptive rather than inferential.
Results
Median age of pts in this analysis was 50 (range 27-72).
Table 1 shows PROMIS & EORTC PF scores in this cohort.Time Point PROMISEORTC nMeanSEMeanSEPre-TreatmentAll4852.51.092.02.0 HER2+1553.51.594.12.2 HER2-3352.11.391.12.8Inter-RegimenAll4845.51.282.22.7 HER2+1548.62.384.44.2 HER2-3344.11.381.23.4Pre-SurgeryAll4843.91.179.42.3 HER2+1545.12.275.34.1 HER2-3343.41.381.32.86-Month FUPAll3248.11.487.41.9 HER2+1247.52.285.03.3 HER2-2048.41.888.92.41 Year FUPAll3148.91.488.43.1 HER2+949.12.988.95.4 HER2-2248.81.788.33.8
At baseline, mean PROMIS PF scores were higher than the US average (mean = 50) but declined as expected throughout treatment. HER2+ patients experienced a similar degree of recovery as HER2- pts post-surgery despite adjuvant treatment with Herceptin. Analysis of post-operative PROMIS PF indicated an average score within the U.S. general population (mean =50) but did not return to higher functioning seen at baseline levels (mean 52.5, p-value < 0.05). Analysis of the EORTC PF sub-scale demonstrated a similar trend; however, the baseline and post-operative difference was not significant (p-value=0.15 for both FUP). Finding supports PROMIS PF ability to measure high functioning cancer patients.
Conclusions: Among a subset of pts who completed all surveys in the I-SPY 2 QOL substudy, PF did not return to baseline at 6-12 months post-operatively. Through transition to an electronic platform of data collection we hope to improve compliance with survey completion. We continue to analyze other QOL measures and plan to correlate QOL data with treatment arm, adverse events, comorbidities, and response to neoadjuvant treatment.
Citation Format: Shah M, Jensen R, Yau C, Straehley I, Berry DA, DeMichele A, Buxton MB, Hylton NM, Perlmutter J, Symmans WF, Tripathy D, Yee D, Wallace A, Kaplan HG, Clark A, Chien AJ, I-SPY 2 Investigators, Esserman LJ, Melisko ME. Trajectory of patient (Pt) reported physical function (PF) during and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the I-SPY 2 trial [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shah
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - R Jensen
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - C Yau
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - I Straehley
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - DA Berry
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - A DeMichele
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - MB Buxton
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - NM Hylton
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - J Perlmutter
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - WF Symmans
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - D Tripathy
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - D Yee
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - A Wallace
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - HG Kaplan
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - A Clark
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - AJ Chien
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - LJ Esserman
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
| | - ME Melisko
- University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA; Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC; Berry Consultants, Austin, TX; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Gemini Group, Ann Arbor, MI; MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA; Swedish Meidcal Center, Seattle, WA; QuantumLeap Healthcare Collaborative, San Francisco, CA
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Wallace A, Madaelil T, Austin M, Wiesner E, Jennings J. Percutaneous image-guided ablation of musculoskeletal non–small cell lung cancer metastases: pain palliation, local tumor control, and remission of oligometastatic disease. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Hoang P, Fleck D, Wallace A, Behravesh S, Kriegshauser J, Naidu S, Huettl E, Deipolyi A, Knuttinen M, Oklu R. Percutaneous biopsies in the era of precision medicine: causes of inadequate sampling. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Behravesh S, Gupta N, Deipolyi A, Hoang P, Wallace A, Fleck D, Naidu S, Huettl E, Knuttinen M, Oklu R. Nutcracker syndrome: is compression of the left renal vein sufficient for diagnosis? J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Fleck D, Hoang P, Behravesh S, Wallace A, Naidu S, Huettl E, Prabhakar A, Knuttinen M, Oklu R. Outcomes and clinical management of isolated below-knee DVT. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Jennings J, Robinson C, Wallace A, Howard C, Brower J, Sayed D, Tran N, Vrionis F, Lekht I, Chang E, Bagla S, Papadouris D, Vadlamudi V, Meyer J, Timmerman R, Barr J, Chason D, Sichlau M, Sewall L, So G, Baek D, Tutton S, Lea W, Morris J, Callstrom M. Prospective, multicenter evaluation of targeted radiofrequency ablation (t-RFA) and vertebral augmentation (VA) prior to or following radiation therapy (RT) to treat painful metastatic vertebral body tumors (STARRT Study): Interim analysis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2016.12.644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Lennon CJ, Wang RY, Wallace A, Chinnadurai S. Risk of failure of adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea in obese pediatric patients. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017; 92:7-10. [PMID: 28012537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2016.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pediatric obesity is a leading risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a condition commonly treated with adenotonsillectomy (T&A). It has been hypothesized that obesity increases a child's risk of failing T&A for OSA, however this relationship has not yet been quantified. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity as measured by perioperative Body Mass Index (BMI) and persistent OSA following T&A as measured by polysomnography (PSG). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review. METHODS Pediatric patients who underwent T&A between Jan. 2004 and Jan. 2016 were included. We recruited both obese and non-obese patients to compare caregiver/self reported improvement. Obese patients were recruited from a weight management clinic and included if they had a BMI z-score >1.65 and had pre- and post-operative polysomnograms (PSGs). Control patients included those undergoing T&A for OSA at our institution with BMI <1.65. These patients were age matched to the obese patient population. Age, gender, perioperative BMI z-score, caregiver/self reported improvement, total Apnea-Hypopnea Index (AHI), and O2 saturation nadir were collected where available. Univariate linear regressions were calculated between perioperative BMI z-score and PSG data. RESULTS 26 obese study and 47 control subjects were identified for analysis. T&A resulted in statistically significant improvements in total AHI (p = 0.030) and nadir O2 saturation (p = 0.013) in obese subjects. There was no significant difference between the rate of caregiver/self reported improvement in the two groups. There was a statistically significant correlation between perioperative BMI z-score and the change in total AHI (p = 0.049). Within our population, for every increase by 0.1 in perioperative BMI z-score, the improvement in total AHI post-operatively decreased by 1.63 events/hr. Further, patients with BMI more than 3 standard deviations away from the age-derived normative mean received essentially no benefit from T&A alone. CONCLUSIONS Our study established an inverse linear relationship between perioperative BMI z-score and improvement in total AHI with essentially no improvement in patients with BMI z-scores >3. Further studies are required to further elucidate this relationship and investigate the role of additional procedures in the initial management of OSA in obese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Lennon
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States
| | - R Y Wang
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, United States
| | - A Wallace
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, United States
| | - S Chinnadurai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States.
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Basnet M, Quinn A, Noor H, Rana D, Thiryayi S, Shelton D, Al-Habba S, Narine N, McGrath S, Chandran U, Doran H, Joseph L, Bishop P, Chaturvedi A, Ganjifrockwala A, Paiva-Correia A, Saravana R, Nasir N, Nonaka D, Wallace A, Crosbie P, Bayman N, Blackhall F. 53: A survey of regional practice affecting small sample diagnosis and tissue managment of lung carcinoma samples, with development of a local guideline. Lung Cancer 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(17)30103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Aartsen MG, Abraham K, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Altmann D, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Archinger M, Argüelles C, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Bai X, Barwick SW, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, BenZvi S, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bernhard A, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Bissok M, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Bohm C, Börner M, Bos F, Bose D, Böser S, Botner O, Braun J, Brayeur L, Bretz HP, Burgman A, Carver T, Casier M, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Christov A, Clark K, Classen L, Coenders S, Collin GH, Conrad JM, Cowen DF, Cross R, Day M, de André JPAM, De Clercq C, Del Pino Rosendo E, Dembinski H, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries KD, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, di Lorenzo V, Dujmovic H, Dumm JP, Dunkman M, Eberhardt B, Ehrhardt T, Eichmann B, Eller P, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fahey S, Fazely AR, Feintzeig J, Felde J, Filimonov K, Finley C, Flis S, Fösig CC, Franckowiak A, Friedman E, Fuchs T, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Gerhardt L, Ghorbani K, Giang W, Gladstone L, Glagla M, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Golup G, Gonzalez JG, Grant D, Griffith Z, Haack C, Haj Ismail A, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Hansen E, Hansmann B, Hansmann T, Hanson K, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Holzapfel K, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Hultqvist K, In S, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Japaridze GS, Jeong M, Jero K, Jones BJP, Jurkovic M, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Keivani A, Kelley JL, Kemp J, Kheirandish A, Kim M, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein SR, Kohnen G, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Konietz R, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krings K, Kroll M, Krückl G, Krüger C, Kunnen J, Kunwar S, Kurahashi N, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Lanfranchi JL, Larson MJ, Lauber F, Lennarz D, Lesiak-Bzdak M, Leuermann M, Leuner J, Lu L, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn KBM, Mancina S, Mandelartz M, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, McNally F, Meagher K, Medici M, Meier M, Meli A, Menne T, Merino G, Meures T, Miarecki S, Mohrmann L, Montaruli T, Moulai M, Nahnhauer R, Naumann U, Neer G, Niederhausen H, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke Pollmann A, Olivas A, O'Murchadha A, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova DV, Penek Ö, Pepper JA, Pérez de Los Heros C, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Quinnan M, Raab C, Rädel L, Rameez M, Rawlins K, Reimann R, Relethford B, Relich M, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Riedel B, Robertson S, Rongen M, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk D, Sabbatini L, Sanchez Herrera SE, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schimp M, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schoenen S, Schöneberg S, Schumacher L, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stahlberg M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Ström R, Strotjohann NL, Sullivan GW, Sutherland M, Taavola H, Taboada I, Tatar J, Tenholt F, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tešić G, Tilav S, Toale PA, Tobin MN, Toscano S, Tosi D, Tselengidou M, Turcati A, Unger E, Usner M, Vandenbroucke J, van Eijndhoven N, Vanheule S, van Rossem M, van Santen J, Veenkamp J, Vehring M, Voge M, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wallraff M, Wandkowsky N, Weaver C, Weiss MJ, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whelan BJ, Wickmann S, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Wille L, Williams DR, Wills L, Wolf M, Wood TR, Woolsey E, Woschnagg K, Xu DL, Xu XW, Xu Y, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Zoll M. Constraints on Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic-Ray Sources from a Search for Neutrinos above 10 PeV with IceCube. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:241101. [PMID: 28009216 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.241101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report constraints on the sources of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) above 10^{9} GeV, based on an analysis of seven years of IceCube data. This analysis efficiently selects very high- energy neutrino-induced events which have deposited energies from 5×10^{5} GeV to above 10^{11} GeV. Two neutrino-induced events with an estimated deposited energy of (2.6±0.3)×10^{6} GeV, the highest neutrino energy observed so far, and (7.7±2.0)×10^{5} GeV were detected. The atmospheric background-only hypothesis of detecting these events is rejected at 3.6σ. The hypothesis that the observed events are of cosmogenic origin is also rejected at >99% CL because of the limited deposited energy and the nonobservation of events at higher energy, while their observation is consistent with an astrophysical origin. Our limits on cosmogenic neutrino fluxes disfavor the UHECR sources having a cosmological evolution stronger than the star formation rate, e.g., active galactic nuclei and γ-ray bursts, assuming proton-dominated UHECRs. Constraints on UHECR sources including mixed and heavy UHECR compositions are obtained for models of neutrino production within UHECR sources. Our limit disfavors a significant part of parameter space for active galactic nuclei and new-born pulsar models. These limits on the ultrahigh-energy neutrino flux models are the most stringent to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - K Abraham
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - J Adams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800 Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J A Aguilar
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Ahlers
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Ahrens
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Altmann
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Andeen
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA
| | - T Anderson
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - I Ansseau
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Anton
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Archinger
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Argüelles
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Auffenberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Axani
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - X Bai
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, south Dakota 57701, USA
| | - S W Barwick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - V Baum
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J J Beatty
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Becker Tjus
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - K-H Becker
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - S BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - P Berghaus
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), 115409, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | - A Bernhard
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D Z Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - G Binder
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Bindig
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M Bissok
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E Blaufuss
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Blot
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - C Bohm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Börner
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - F Bos
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - D Bose
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - S Böser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - O Botner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Braun
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - L Brayeur
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - A Burgman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - T Carver
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - M Casier
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Chirkin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Christov
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - K Clark
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 1A7
| | - L Classen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - S Coenders
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G H Collin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J M Conrad
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D F Cowen
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - R Cross
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - M Day
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J P A M de André
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C De Clercq
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Del Pino Rosendo
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Dembinski
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S De Ridder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - P Desiati
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K D de Vries
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G de Wasseige
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M de With
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T DeYoung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J C Díaz-Vélez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - V di Lorenzo
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Dujmovic
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - J P Dumm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Dunkman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - B Eberhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Eichmann
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - P Eller
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - S Euler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P A Evenson
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Fahey
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A R Fazely
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - J Feintzeig
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Felde
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - K Filimonov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Finley
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Flis
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C-C Fösig
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - E Friedman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - T Fuchs
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T K Gaisser
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WIsconsin 53706, USA
| | - L Gerhardt
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Ghorbani
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - W Giang
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - L Gladstone
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Glagla
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - A Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Golup
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J G Gonzalez
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D Grant
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - Z Griffith
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - C Haack
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Haj Ismail
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - A Hallgren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F Halzen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Hansen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Hansmann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - T Hansmann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Hanson
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - D Hebecker
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Heereman
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Helbing
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R Hellauer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Hickford
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Hignight
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - G C Hill
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - K D Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - K Holzapfel
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| | - K Hoshina
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| | - F Huang
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| | - M Huber
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - K Hultqvist
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S In
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - A Ishihara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - G S Japaridze
- CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, USA
| | - M Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - K Jero
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B J P Jones
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Jurkovic
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Kappes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - T Karg
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - A Karle
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - U Katz
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Keivani
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J L Kelley
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Kemp
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Kheirandish
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| | - M Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | | | - J Kiryluk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Kittler
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S R Klein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Kohnen
- Université de Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - R Koirala
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - H Kolanoski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Konietz
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Kopper
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - S Kopper
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - D J Koskinen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Kowalski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Krings
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Kroll
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - G Krückl
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Krüger
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Kunnen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - N Kurahashi
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - T Kuwabara
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - M Labare
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - J L Lanfranchi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M J Larson
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - F Lauber
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - D Lennarz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M Lesiak-Bzdak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Leuermann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J Leuner
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Lu
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - J Lünemann
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Madsen
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - G Maggi
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K B M Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Mancina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Mandelartz
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Maruyama
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Mase
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - R Maunu
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F McNally
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Meagher
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Medici
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Meier
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Meli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - T Menne
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - G Merino
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Meures
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Miarecki
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - T Montaruli
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - M Moulai
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - U Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - G Neer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Niederhausen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S C Nowicki
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - D R Nygren
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - A Olivas
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A O'Murchadha
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - T Palczewski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - H Pandya
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D V Pankova
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Ö Penek
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J A Pepper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - C Pérez de Los Heros
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Pieloth
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Pinat
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P B Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G T Przybylski
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Quinnan
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - C Raab
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Rädel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Rameez
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Rawlins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA
| | - R Reimann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - B Relethford
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Relich
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - E Resconi
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Rhode
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Richman
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - B Riedel
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - S Robertson
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - M Rongen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - T Ruhe
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Ryckbosch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D Rysewyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L Sabbatini
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S E Sanchez Herrera
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - A Sandrock
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Sandroos
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Sarkar
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| | | | - M Schimp
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P Schlunder
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schoenen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Schöneberg
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - L Schumacher
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Seckel
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Seunarine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - D Soldin
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M Song
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - G M Spiczak
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | | | - M Stahlberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - T Stanev
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | | | - A Steuer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Stezelberger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Stokstad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Stößl
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - R Ström
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| | | | - G W Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Sutherland
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - H Taavola
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Taboada
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - J Tatar
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - F Tenholt
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Ter-Antonyan
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | | | - G Tešić
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - S Tilav
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - P A Toale
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - M N Tobin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Toscano
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Tosi
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| | - M Tselengidou
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| | - A Turcati
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| | - E Unger
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| | - M Usner
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Vandenbroucke
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - N van Eijndhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Vanheule
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - M van Rossem
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - J Veenkamp
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Vehring
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| | - M Voge
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| | - M Vraeghe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - C Walck
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Wallace
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - M Wallraff
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| | - N Wandkowsky
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Ch Weaver
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - M J Weiss
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - C Wendt
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| | - S Westerhoff
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| | - B J Whelan
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - S Wickmann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Wiebe
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C H Wiebusch
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| | - L Wille
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - D R Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - L Wills
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - M Wolf
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T R Wood
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - E Woolsey
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2E1
| | - K Woschnagg
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D L Xu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - X W Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | | | - G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - S Yoshida
- Department of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - M Zoll
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Gremel G, Lee RJ, Girotti MR, Mandal AK, Valpione S, Garner G, Ayub M, Wood S, Rothwell DG, Fusi A, Wallace A, Brady G, Dive C, Dhomen N, Lorigan P, Marais R. Distinct subclonal tumour responses to therapy revealed by circulating cell-free DNA. Ann Oncol 2016; 27:1959-65. [PMID: 27502704 PMCID: PMC5035787 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of precision medicine in oncology requires in-depth characterisation of a patient's tumours and the dynamics of their responses to treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS We used next-generation sequencing of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to monitor the response of a KIT p.L576P-mutant metastatic vaginal mucosal melanoma to sequential targeted, immuno- and chemotherapy. RESULTS Despite a KIT mutation, the response to imatinib was mixed. Unfortunately, tumours were not accessible for molecular analysis. To study the mechanism underlying the mixed clinical response, we carried out whole-exome sequencing and targeted longitudinal analysis of cfDNA. This revealed two tumour subclones; one with a KIT mutation that responded to imatinib and a second KIT-wild-type subclone that did not respond to imatinib. Notably, the subclones also responded differently to immunotherapy. However, both subclones responded to carboplatin/paclitaxel, and although the KIT-wild-type subclone progressed after chemotherapy, it responded to subsequent re-administration of paclitaxel. CONCLUSION We show that cfDNA can reveal tumour evolution and subclonal responses to therapy even when biopsies are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gremel
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - R J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - M R Girotti
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - A K Mandal
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - S Valpione
- The University of Manchester, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester
| | - G Garner
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - M Ayub
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - S Wood
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - D G Rothwell
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - A Fusi
- The University of Manchester, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester
| | - A Wallace
- Genomic Diagnostics Laboratory, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - G Brady
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - C Dive
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - N Dhomen
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
| | - P Lorigan
- The University of Manchester, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester
| | - R Marais
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, Manchester
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Aartsen MG, Abraham K, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, Altmann D, Andeen K, Anderson T, Ansseau I, Anton G, Archinger M, Argüelles C, Arlen TC, Auffenberg J, Axani S, Bai X, Barwick SW, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, BenZvi S, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bernhard A, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Blaufuss E, Blot S, Boersma DJ, Bohm C, Börner M, Bos F, Bose D, Böser S, Botner O, Braun J, Brayeur L, Bretz HP, Burgman A, Casey J, Casier M, Cheung E, Chirkin D, Christov A, Clark K, Classen L, Coenders S, Collin GH, Conrad JM, Cowen DF, Cruz Silva AH, Daughhetee J, Davis JC, Day M, de André JPAM, De Clercq C, Del Pino Rosendo E, Dembinski H, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries KD, de Wasseige G, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, di Lorenzo V, Dujmovic H, Dumm JP, Dunkman M, Eberhardt B, Ehrhardt T, Eichmann B, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fahey S, Fazely AR, Feintzeig J, Felde J, Filimonov K, Finley C, Flis S, Fösig CC, Fuchs T, Gaisser TK, Gaior R, Gallagher J, Gerhardt L, Ghorbani K, Giang W, Gladstone L, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Golup G, Gonzalez JG, Góra D, Grant D, Griffith Z, Haj Ismail A, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Hansen E, Hanson K, Hebecker D, Heereman D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hignight J, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Holzapfel K, Homeier A, Hoshina K, Huang F, Huber M, Huelsnitz W, Hultqvist K, In S, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Japaridze GS, Jeong M, Jero K, Jones BJP, Jurkovic M, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Katz U, Kauer M, Keivani A, Kelley JL, Kheirandish A, Kim M, Kintscher T, Kiryluk J, Kittler T, Klein SR, Kohnen G, Koirala R, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krings K, Kroll M, Krückl G, Krüger C, Kunnen J, Kunwar S, Kurahashi N, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Lanfranchi JL, Larson MJ, Lennarz D, Lesiak-Bzdak M, Leuermann M, Lu L, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Maggi G, Mahn KBM, Mancina S, Mandelartz M, Maruyama R, Mase K, Maunu R, McNally F, Meagher K, Medici M, Meier M, Meli A, Menne T, Merino G, Meures T, Miarecki S, Middell E, Mohrmann L, Montaruli T, Moulai M, Nahnhauer R, Naumann U, Neer G, Niederhausen H, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke Pollmann A, Olivas A, Omairat A, O'Murchadha A, Palczewski T, Pandya H, Pankova DV, Pepper JA, Pérez de Los Heros C, Pfendner C, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Posselt J, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Quinnan M, Raab C, Rameez M, Rawlins K, Relich M, Resconi E, Rhode W, Richman M, Riedel B, Robertson S, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ryckbosch D, Rysewyk D, Sabbatini L, Salvado J, Sanchez Herrera SE, Sandrock A, Sandroos J, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schlunder P, Schmidt T, Schöneberg S, Schönwald A, Seckel D, Seunarine S, Soldin D, Song M, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Steuer A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Ström R, Strotjohann NL, Sullivan GW, Sutherland M, Taavola H, Taboada I, Tatar J, Ter-Antonyan S, Terliuk A, Tešić G, Tilav S, Toale PA, Tobin MN, Toscano S, Tosi D, Tselengidou M, Turcati A, Unger E, Usner M, Vallecorsa S, Vandenbroucke J, van Eijndhoven N, Vanheule S, van Rossem M, van Santen J, Veenkamp J, Voge M, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Wallace A, Wandkowsky N, Weaver C, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whelan BJ, Wiebe K, Wille L, Williams DR, Wills L, Wissing H, Wolf M, Wood TR, Woolsey E, Woschnagg K, Xu DL, Xu XW, Xu Y, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Zoll M. Searches for Sterile Neutrinos with the IceCube Detector. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:071801. [PMID: 27563950 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The IceCube neutrino telescope at the South Pole has measured the atmospheric muon neutrino spectrum as a function of zenith angle and energy in the approximate 320 GeV to 20 TeV range, to search for the oscillation signatures of light sterile neutrinos. No evidence for anomalous ν_{μ} or ν[over ¯]_{μ} disappearance is observed in either of two independently developed analyses, each using one year of atmospheric neutrino data. New exclusion limits are placed on the parameter space of the 3+1 model, in which muon antineutrinos experience a strong Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein-resonant oscillation. The exclusion limits extend to sin^{2}2θ_{24}≤0.02 at Δm^{2}∼0.3 eV^{2} at the 90% confidence level. The allowed region from global analysis of appearance experiments, including LSND and MiniBooNE, is excluded at approximately the 99% confidence level for the global best-fit value of |U_{e4}|^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - K Abraham
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | | | - J Adams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J A Aguilar
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Ahlers
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Ahrens
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Altmann
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - K Andeen
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, USA
| | - T Anderson
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - I Ansseau
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Anton
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Archinger
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Argüelles
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - T C Arlen
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J Auffenberg
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Axani
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - X Bai
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701, USA
| | - S W Barwick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - V Baum
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J J Beatty
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
- Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J Becker Tjus
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - K-H Becker
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - S BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, USA
| | - P Berghaus
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | - A Bernhard
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D Z Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - G Binder
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Bindig
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - E Blaufuss
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Blot
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - D J Boersma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C Bohm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Börner
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - F Bos
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - D Bose
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - S Böser
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - O Botner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Braun
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - L Brayeur
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - A Burgman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Casey
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - M Casier
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Chirkin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Christov
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - K Clark
- Department of Physics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A7, Canada
| | - L Classen
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - S Coenders
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - G H Collin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J M Conrad
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D F Cowen
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | | | - J Daughhetee
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - J C Davis
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M Day
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J P A M de André
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - C De Clercq
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - E Del Pino Rosendo
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Dembinski
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S De Ridder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - P Desiati
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K D de Vries
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - G de Wasseige
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M de With
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T DeYoung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J C Díaz-Vélez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - V di Lorenzo
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - H Dujmovic
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - J P Dumm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Dunkman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - B Eberhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Ehrhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - B Eichmann
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - S Euler
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - P A Evenson
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Fahey
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A R Fazely
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - J Feintzeig
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Felde
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - K Filimonov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Finley
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Flis
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C-C Fösig
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Fuchs
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T K Gaisser
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - R Gaior
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - J Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - L Gerhardt
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Ghorbani
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - W Giang
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1 Alberta, Canada
| | - L Gladstone
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - A Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Golup
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J G Gonzalez
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D Góra
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - D Grant
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1 Alberta, Canada
| | - Z Griffith
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Haj Ismail
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - A Hallgren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F Halzen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - E Hansen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - K Hanson
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - D Hebecker
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - D Heereman
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K Helbing
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R Hellauer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Hickford
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - J Hignight
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - G C Hill
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - K D Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - K Holzapfel
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Homeier
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - K Hoshina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - F Huang
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M Huber
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Huelsnitz
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - K Hultqvist
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S In
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - A Ishihara
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - G S Japaridze
- CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, USA
| | - M Jeong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - K Jero
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B J P Jones
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Jurkovic
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A Kappes
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - T Karg
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - A Karle
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - U Katz
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - M Kauer
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - A Keivani
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J L Kelley
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Kheirandish
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | | | - J Kiryluk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Kittler
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - S R Klein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Kohnen
- Université de Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - R Koirala
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - H Kolanoski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Kopper
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1 Alberta, Canada
| | - S Kopper
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - D J Koskinen
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Kowalski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - K Krings
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Kroll
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - G Krückl
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Krüger
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Kunnen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - N Kurahashi
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - T Kuwabara
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - M Labare
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - J L Lanfranchi
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M J Larson
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - D Lennarz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - M Lesiak-Bzdak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Leuermann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Lu
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - J Lünemann
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Madsen
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - G Maggi
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - K B M Mahn
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - S Mancina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Mandelartz
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - R Maruyama
- Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - K Mase
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - R Maunu
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - F McNally
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Meagher
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Medici
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Meier
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - A Meli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - T Menne
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - G Merino
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Meures
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Miarecki
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | - T Montaruli
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - M Moulai
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | - U Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - G Neer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Niederhausen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S C Nowicki
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1 Alberta, Canada
| | - D R Nygren
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - A Olivas
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - A Omairat
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - A O'Murchadha
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - T Palczewski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - H Pandya
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D V Pankova
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J A Pepper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - C Pérez de Los Heros
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C Pfendner
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Pieloth
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - E Pinat
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - P B Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G T Przybylski
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - C Raab
- Science Faculty CP230, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - K Rawlins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA
| | - M Relich
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - E Resconi
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Rhode
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Richman
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - B Riedel
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1 Alberta, Canada
| | - S Robertson
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - T Ruhe
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - D Ryckbosch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - D Rysewyk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - L Sabbatini
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Salvado
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S E Sanchez Herrera
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1 Alberta, Canada
| | - A Sandrock
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Sandroos
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - S Sarkar
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| | | | - P Schlunder
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Schöneberg
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | | | - D Seckel
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Seunarine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - D Soldin
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M Song
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - G M Spiczak
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | | | - M Stamatikos
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T Stanev
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | | | - A Steuer
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - T Stezelberger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Stokstad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Stößl
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - R Ström
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - G W Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Sutherland
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - H Taavola
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Taboada
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - J Tatar
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Ter-Antonyan
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | | | - G Tešić
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - S Tilav
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - P A Toale
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - M N Tobin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Toscano
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Tosi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Tselengidou
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - A Turcati
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E Unger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M Usner
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - S Vallecorsa
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - J Vandenbroucke
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - N van Eijndhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Vanheule
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - M van Rossem
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - J Veenkamp
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Voge
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Vraeghe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - C Walck
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Wallace
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - N Wandkowsky
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Ch Weaver
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1 Alberta, Canada
| | - C Wendt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Westerhoff
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B J Whelan
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - K Wiebe
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - L Wille
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - D R Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - L Wills
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - H Wissing
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Wolf
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T R Wood
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1 Alberta, Canada
| | - E Woolsey
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2E1 Alberta, Canada
| | - K Woschnagg
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D L Xu
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - X W Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - Y Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | | | - G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - S Yoshida
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - M Zoll
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Pascoe A, Foweraker K, Esler C, Morgan S, Wallace A, Launders D, Harron E. Audit of radiotherapy plan quality for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for stage 1 non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Tomasian A, Wallace A, Northrup B, Hillen TJ, Jennings JW. Spine Cryoablation: Pain Palliation and Local Tumor Control for Vertebral Metastases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2016; 37:189-95. [PMID: 26427837 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a4521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Percutaneous cryoablation has emerged as a minimally invasive technique for the management of osseous metastases. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous imaging-guided spine cryoablation for pain palliation and local tumor control for vertebral metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Imaging-guided spine cryoablation was performed in 14 patients (31 tumors) with vertebral metastases refractory to conventional chemoradiation therapy or analgesics, to achieve pain palliation and local tumor control in this retrospective study. Spinal nerve and soft-tissue thermal protection techniques were implemented in all ablations. Patient response was evaluated by a pain numeric rating scale administered before the procedure and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after the procedure. Pre- and postprocedural analgesic requirements (expressed as morphine-equivalent dosages) were also analyzed at the same time points. Pre- and postprocedural cross-sectional imaging was evaluated in all patients to assess local control (no radiographic evidence of disease at the treated sites). Complications were monitored. Analysis of the primary end points was undertaken via paired-comparison procedures by using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. RESULTS Thirty-one tumors were ablated in 14 patients (9 women and 5 men; 20-73 years of age; mean age, 53 years). The most common tumor location was in the lumbar spine (n = 14, 45%), followed by the thoracic spine (n = 8, 26%), sacrum (n = 6, 19%), coccyx (n = 2, 6%), and cervical spine (n = 1, 3%). There were statistically significant decreases in the median numeric rating scale score and analgesic usage at 1-week, 1-month, and 3-month time points (P < .001 for all). Local tumor control was achieved in 96.7% (30/31) of tumors (median follow-up, 10 months). Two patients had transient postprocedural unilateral lower extremity radiculopathy and weakness. CONCLUSIONS Percutaneous imaging-guided spine cryoablation is a safe and effective treatment for pain palliation and local tumor control for vertebral metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tomasian
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri.
| | - A Wallace
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - B Northrup
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - T J Hillen
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - J W Jennings
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
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