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Eroles M, Lopez-Alonso J, Ortega A, Boudier T, Gharzeddine K, Lafont F, Franz CM, Millet A, Valotteau C, Rico F. Coupled mechanical mapping and interference contrast microscopy reveal viscoelastic and adhesion hallmarks of monocyte differentiation into macrophages. Nanoscale 2023. [PMID: 37378568 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00757j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes activated by pro-inflammatory signals adhere to the vascular endothelium and migrate from the bloodstream to the tissue ultimately differentiating into macrophages. Cell mechanics and adhesion play a crucial role in macrophage functions during this inflammatory process. However, how monocytes change their adhesion and mechanical properties upon differentiation into macrophages is still not well understood. In this work, we used various tools to quantify the morphology, adhesion, and viscoelasticity of monocytes and differentiatted macrophages. Combination of atomic force microscopy (AFM) high resolution viscoelastic mapping with interference contrast microscopy (ICM) at the single-cell level revealed viscoelasticity and adhesion hallmarks during monocyte differentiation into macrophages. Quantitative holographic tomography imaging revealed a dramatic increase in cell volume and surface area during monocyte differentiation and the emergence of round and spread macrophage subpopulations. AFM viscoelastic mapping showed important stiffening (increase of the apparent Young's modulus, E0) and solidification (decrease of cell fluidity, β) on differentiated cells that correlated with increased adhesion area. These changes were enhanced in macrophages with a spread phenotype. Remarkably, when adhesion was perturbed, differentiated macrophages remained stiffer and more solid-like than monocytes, suggesting a permanent reorganization of the cytoskeleton. We speculate that the stiffer and more solid-like microvilli and lamellipodia might help macrophages to minimize energy dissipation during mechanosensitive activities. Thus, our results revealed viscoelastic and adhesion hallmarks of monocyte differentiation that may be important for biological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Eroles
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, LAI, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
| | - Javier Lopez-Alonso
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Alexandre Ortega
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, LAI, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
| | | | - Khaldoun Gharzeddine
- Univ.Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, La Tronche, France
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Frank Lafont
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Clemens M Franz
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Arnaud Millet
- Univ.Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, La Tronche, France
- Department of Hepatogastroenterology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
| | - Claire Valotteau
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, LAI, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
| | - Felix Rico
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, CNRS, LAI, Turing Centre for Living Systems, Marseille, France.
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Malier M, Gharzeddine K, Laverriere MH, Marsili S, Thomas F, Court M, Decaens T, Roth G, Millet A. Correction: Hypoxia Drives Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Expression in Macrophages and Confers Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1436. [PMID: 35373293 PMCID: PMC10370485 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Malier M, Gharzeddine K, Laverriere MH, Decaens T, Roth G, Millet A. [Tumor-associated macrophages: New targets to thwart 5-FU chemoresistance in colorectal cancers?]. Med Sci (Paris) 2022; 38:243-245. [PMID: 35333158 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2022017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Malier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Boulevard de la Chantourne, 38700 La Tronche, France - Équipe de mécanobiologie, immunité et cancer, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences
| | - Khaldoun Gharzeddine
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Boulevard de la Chantourne, 38700 La Tronche, France - Équipe de mécanobiologie, immunité et cancer, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences
| | - Marie-Hélène Laverriere
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Boulevard de la Chantourne, 38700 La Tronche, France - Équipe de mécanobiologie, immunité et cancer, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences - Département d'analyse cytologique et pathologique, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Decaens
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Boulevard de la Chantourne, 38700 La Tronche, France - Service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Gael Roth
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Boulevard de la Chantourne, 38700 La Tronche, France - Équipe de mécanobiologie, immunité et cancer, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences - Service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences, Boulevard de la Chantourne, 38700 La Tronche, France - Équipe de mécanobiologie, immunité et cancer, Institut pour l'avancée des biosciences - Service d'hépato-gastro-entérologie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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Malier M, Gharzeddine K, Laverriere MH, Marsili S, Thomas F, Decaens T, Roth G, Millet A. Hypoxia Drives Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase Expression in Macrophages and Confers Chemoresistance in Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Res 2021; 81:5963-5976. [PMID: 34645611 PMCID: PMC9397622 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal adenocarcinoma is a leading cause of death worldwide, and immune infiltration in colorectal tumors has been recognized recently as an important pathophysiologic event. In this context, tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) have been related to chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), the first-line chemotherapeutic agent used in treating colorectal cancers. Nevertheless, the details of this chemoresistance mechanism are still poorly elucidated. In the current study, we report that macrophages specifically overexpress dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) in hypoxia, leading to macrophage-induced chemoresistance to 5-FU via inactivation of the drug. Hypoxia-induced macrophage DPD expression was controlled by HIF2α. TAMs constituted the main contributors to DPD activity in human colorectal primary or secondary tumors, while cancer cells did not express significant levels of DPD. In addition, contrary to humans, macrophages in mice do not express DPD. Together, these findings shed light on the role of TAMs in promoting chemoresistance in colorectal cancers and identify potential new therapeutic targets. SIGNIFICANCE: Hypoxia induces HIF2α-mediated overexpression of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in TAMs, leading to chemoresistance to 5-FU in colon cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Malier
- Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences Inserm 1209 – UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,Department of Hepatogastroenterology, University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Khaldoun Gharzeddine
- Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences Inserm 1209 – UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,Research Department, University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Laverriere
- Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences Inserm 1209 – UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,Department of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology, University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabrina Marsili
- CRCT Inserm U037, Toulouse University 3, Toulouse, France.,Claudius Regaud Institute, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Fabienne Thomas
- CRCT Inserm U037, Toulouse University 3, Toulouse, France.,Claudius Regaud Institute, IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Decaens
- Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,Department of Hepatogastroenterology, University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Team Tumor Molecular Pathology and Biomarkers, Institute for Advanced Biosciences UMR Inserm 1209 – CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France
| | - Gael Roth
- Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences Inserm 1209 – UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,Department of Hepatogastroenterology, University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences Inserm 1209 – UMR CNRS 5309, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,Department of Hepatogastroenterology, University Hospital Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Corresponding Author: Arnaud Millet, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble 38000, France. Phone: 33-6-66-88-34-82; E-mail:
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Clément F, Nougarède A, Combe S, Kermarrec F, Dey AK, Obeid P, Millet A, Navarro FP, Marche PN, Sulpice E, Gidrol X. Therapeutic siRNAs Targeting the JAK/STAT Signalling Pathway in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 16:286-300. [PMID: 34286840 PMCID: PMC8864631 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel diseases are highly debilitating conditions that require constant monitoring and life-long medication. Current treatments are focused on systemic administration of immunomodulatory drugs, but they have a broad range of undesirable side-effects. RNA interference is a highly specific endogenous mechanism that regulates the expression of the gene at the transcript level, which can be repurposed using exogenous short interfering RNA [siRNA] to repress expression of the target gene. While siRNA therapeutics can offer an alternative to existing therapies, with a high specificity critical for chronically administrated drugs, evidence of their potency compared to chemical kinase inhibitors used in clinics is still lacking in alleviating an adverse inflammatory response. METHODS We provide a framework to select highly specific siRNA, with a focus on two kinases strongly involved in pro-inflammatory diseases, namely JAK1 and JAK3. Using western-blot, real-time quantitative PCR and large-scale analysis, we assessed the specificity profile of these siRNA drugs and compared their efficacy to the most recent and promising kinase inhibitors for Janus kinases [Jakinibs], tofacitinib and filgotinib. RESULTS siRNA drugs can reach higher efficiency and selectivity at lower doses [5 pM vs 1 µM] than Jakinibs. Moreover, JAK silencing lasted up to 11 days, even with 6 h pulse transfection. CONCLUSIONS The siRNA-based drugs developed hold the potential to develop more potent therapeutics for chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Clément
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, IAB, La Tronche, France
| | - Adrien Nougarède
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Leti, Division for Biology and Healthcare Technologies, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphanie Combe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Arindam K Dey
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, IAB, La Tronche, France
| | - Patricia Obeid
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Team Mechanobiology, immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, La Tronche, France
| | - Fabrice P Navarro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Leti, Division for Biology and Healthcare Technologies, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrice N Marche
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, IAB, La Tronche, France
| | - Eric Sulpice
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France,Corresponding author: Xavier Gidrol, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, F-38000, Grenoble, France. Tel: +(33)4 38 78 22 36; Fax: +(33)4 38 78 59 17;
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6
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Brunel B, Levy V, Millet A, Dolega ME, Delon A, Pierrat R, Cappello G. Measuring cell displacements in opaque tissues: dynamic light scattering in the multiple scattering regime. Biomed Opt Express 2020; 11:2277-2297. [PMID: 32341883 PMCID: PMC7173902 DOI: 10.1364/boe.388360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Coherent light scattered by tissues brings structural and dynamic information, at depth, that standard imaging techniques cannot reach. Dynamics of cells or sub-cellular elements can be measured thanks to dynamic light scattering in thin samples (single scattering regime) or thanks to diffusive wave spectroscopy in thick samples (diffusion regime). Here, we address the intermediate regime and provide an analytical relationship between scattered light fluctuations and the distribution of cell displacements as a function of time. We illustrate our method by characterizing cell motility inside half millimeter thick multicellular aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Brunel
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Levy
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Inserm U1209 - CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Research Department, University Hospital of Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Monika Elzbieta Dolega
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Antoine Delon
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Romain Pierrat
- ESPCI Paris, PSL University, CNRS, Institut Langevin, 1 rue Jussieu, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Giovanni Cappello
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Neff B, Casset F, Millet A, Agache V, Colin M. Piezoelectric Actuated Glass Plate for Liquid Density and Viscosity Measurement. Micromachines (Basel) 2020; 11:mi11040348. [PMID: 32230734 PMCID: PMC7230252 DOI: 10.3390/mi11040348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports on a new system for liquid density and viscosity measurement based on a freely suspended rectangular vibrating plate actuated by piezoelectric ceramic (PZT) actuators. The Lamb mode used for these measurements allows us to infer both the density and viscosity in a larger range as compared to the existing gold-standard techniques of MEMS resonators. The combination of the measured resonance frequency and quality factor enables extraction of density and viscosity of the surrounding liquid. The system is calibrated while performing measurements in water glycerol solutions with a density range from 997 to 1264 kg/m3 and viscosity from 1.22 to 985 mPa·s, which is a larger dynamic range compared to existing mechanical resonators showing an upper limit of 700 mPa·s. The out-of-plane vibrating mode exhibits quality factor of 169, obtained in deionized water (1.22 mPa·s viscosity), and 93 for pure glycerol with a viscosity of 985 mPa·s. This Lamb wave resonating sensor can achieve measurement in fairly large viscosity media while keeping a quality factor superior to 90. Measurements performed on oil validate the use of the Lamb system. Oil density is evaluated at 939 kg/m3 and dynamic viscosity at 43 mPa·s which corresponds to our expected values. This shows the possibility of using the sensor outside of the calibration range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Neff
- CEA LETI, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (V.A.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (B.N.); (F.C.)
| | - Fabrice Casset
- CEA LETI, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (V.A.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: (B.N.); (F.C.)
| | - Arnaud Millet
- Team ATIP/Avenir Mechanobiology Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR 5309, 38054 Grenoble, France;
- Grenoble Alpes University, 38000 Grenoble, France
- Department of Research, University Hospital of Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, France
| | - Vincent Agache
- CEA LETI, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (V.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Mikael Colin
- CEA LETI, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (V.A.); (M.C.)
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8
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Millet A, Bachelet A, Croguennec M. Actinomycose pelvienne. Ann Fr Med Urgence 2020. [DOI: 10.3166/afmu-2019-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Raillon C, Che J, Thill S, Duchamp M, Desbiolles BXE, Millet A, Sollier E, Renaud P. Toward Microfluidic Label-Free Isolation and Enumeration of Circulating Tumor Cells from Blood Samples. Cytometry A 2019; 95:1085-1095. [PMID: 31364817 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The isolation, analysis, and enumeration of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from cancer patient blood samples are a paradigm shift for cancer patient diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. Most methods used to isolate and enumerate these target cells rely on the expression of cell surface markers, which varies between patients, cancer types, tumors, and stages. Here, we propose a label-free high-throughput platform to isolate, enumerate, and size CTCs on two coupled microfluidic devices. Cancer cells were purified through a Vortex chip and subsequently flowed in-line to an impedance chip, where a pair of electrodes measured fluctuations of an applied electric field generated by cells passing through. A proof-of-concept of the coupling of those two devices was demonstrated with beads and cells. First, the impedance chip was tested as a stand-alone device: (1) with beads (mean counting error of 1.0%, sizing information clearly separated three clusters for 8, 15, and 20 um beads, respectively) as well as (2) with cancer cells (mean counting error of 3.5%). Second, the combined setup was tested with beads, then with cells in phosphate-buffered saline, and finally with cancer cells spiked in healthy blood. Experiments demonstrated that the Vortex HT chip enriched the cancer cells, which then could be counted and differentiated from smaller blood cells by the impedance chip based on size information. Further discrimination was shown with dual high-frequency measurements using electric opacity, highlighting the potential application of this combined setup for a fully integrated label-free isolation and enumeration of CTCs from cancer patient samples. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Raillon
- STI-IMT-LMIS4, EPFL, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Vortex Biosciences, Inc., Pleasanton, California, 94588
| | - James Che
- Vortex Biosciences, Inc., Pleasanton, California, 94588
| | - Sandy Thill
- STI-IMT-LMIS4, EPFL, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Arnaud Millet
- Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209 CNRS UMR5309, Grenoble, France.,Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
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Bartoli M, Rémy-Jouet I, Willeman T, Mauger-Vaugellin CE, Millet A, Allibe N, Stanke-Labesque F. Recherche de l’origine toxique d’une cyanose chez un enfant : intérêt du dosage des nitrites. Toxicologie Analytique et Clinique 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Court M, Malier M, Millet A. Proteomic Analysis of Human Macrophage Polarization Under a Low Oxygen Environment. J Vis Exp 2019. [PMID: 30663715 DOI: 10.3791/58727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells involved in a number of physiological functions ranging from responses to infectious pathogens to tissue homeostasis. The various functions of these cells are related to their activation states, which is also called polarization. The precise molecular description of these various polarizations is a priority in the field of macrophage biology. It is currently acknowledged that a multidimensional approach is necessary to describe how polarization is controlled by environmental signals. In this report, we describe a protocol designed to obtain the proteomic signature of various polarizations in human macrophages. This protocol is based on a label-free quantification of macrophage protein expression obtained from in-gel fractionated and Lys C/trypsin-digested cellular lysis content. We also provide a protocol based on in-solution digestion and isoelectric focusing fractionation to use as an alternative. Because oxygen concentration is a relevant environmental parameter in tissues, we use this protocol to explore how atmospheric composition or a low oxygen environment affects the classification of macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Court
- Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309; Université Grenoble Alpes
| | - Marie Malier
- Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309; Université Grenoble Alpes
| | - Arnaud Millet
- Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309; Université Grenoble Alpes; Pôle Recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire des Alpes;
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12
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Millet A, Cuisinier A, Bouzat P, Batandier C, Lemasson B, Stupar V, Pernet-Gallay K, Crespy T, Barbier EL, Payen JF. Hypertonic sodium lactate reverses brain oxygenation and metabolism dysfunction after traumatic brain injury. Br J Anaesth 2018; 120:1295-1303. [PMID: 29793596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms by which hypertonic sodium lactate (HSL) solution act in injured brain are unclear. We investigated the effects of HSL on brain metabolism, oxygenation, and perfusion in a rodent model of diffuse traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Thirty minutes after trauma, anaesthetised adult rats were randomly assigned to receive a 3 h infusion of either a saline solution (TBI-saline group) or HSL (TBI-HSL group). The sham-saline and sham-HSL groups received no insult. Three series of experiments were conducted up to 4 h after TBI (or equivalent) to investigate: 1) brain oedema using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and brain metabolism using localized 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (n = 10 rats per group). The respiratory control ratio was then determined using oxygraphic analysis of extracted mitochondria, 2) brain oxygenation and perfusion using quantitative blood-oxygenation-level-dependent magnetic resonance approach (n = 10 rats per group), and 3) mitochondrial ultrastructural changes (n = 1 rat per group). RESULTS Compared with the TBI-saline group, the TBI-HSL and the sham-operated groups had reduced brain oedema. Concomitantly, the TBI-HSL group had lower intracellular lactate/creatine ratio [0.049 (0.047-0.098) vs 0.097 (0.079-0.157); P < 0.05], higher mitochondrial respiratory control ratio, higher tissue oxygen saturation [77% (71-79) vs 66% (55-73); P < 0.05], and reduced mitochondrial cristae thickness in astrocytes [27.5 (22.5-38.4) nm vs 38.4 (31.0-47.5) nm; P < 0.01] compared with the TBI-saline group. Serum sodium and lactate concentrations and serum osmolality were higher in the TBI-HSL than in the TBI-saline group. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the hypertonic sodium lactate solution can reverse brain oxygenation and metabolism dysfunction after traumatic brain injury through vasodilatory, mitochondrial, and anti-oedema effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Millet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Pôle Couple Enfant, Hôpital Michallon, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - A Cuisinier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Michallon, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - P Bouzat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Michallon, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - C Batandier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1055, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - B Lemasson
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - V Stupar
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - K Pernet-Gallay
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - T Crespy
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Michallon, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - E L Barbier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - J F Payen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Grenoble, France; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Grenoble, France; Pôle Anesthésie Réanimation, Hôpital Michallon, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.
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Doutau J, Bost-Bru C, Gayot A, Wroblewski I, Pelloux I, Debillon T, Millet A. Épiglottite aiguë à Haemophilus influenzae b : conséquence grave du scepticisme vaccinal. Arch Pediatr 2017; 24:1267-1270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Court M, Barnes JP, Millet A. Identifying exposition to low oxygen environment in human macrophages using secondary ion mass spectrometry and multivariate analysis. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2017; 31:1623-1632. [PMID: 28755479 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Macrophages are innate immune cells presenting a strong phenotypic plasticity and deeply involved in tissue homeostasis. Oxygen environmental tension is a physical parameter that could influence their polarizations. In this study we use time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) to describe how various polarizations are modified by a low oxygen exposure. METHODS TOF-SIMS experiments were performed using an IONTOF ToF-SIMS 5-100 (ION-TOF GmbH, Munster, Germany). Analysis was performed using a pulsed 25 keV Bi3+ beam, sputtering was performed using a 250 eV Cs beam. Cells were fixed by paraformaldehyde before TOF-SIMS analysis. RESULTS Multivariate analysis of the TOF-SIMS spectra provided ion species associated with the exposure of macrophages to low oxygen concentration. We were able to obtain some species, specific of a particular polarization, advocating for the use of macrophages as reporter cells of oxygen tension in tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that macrophage molecular signature to low oxygen environment is dependent on their polarization. TOF-SIMS shows the clear capability to produce species revealing this exposition. This result opens the way to the use of TOF-SIMS as a tool to explore hypoxia in human tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Court
- Inserm U1205, Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Paul Barnes
- University Grenoble Alpes, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- CEA, LETI, MINATEC Campus, F-38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- Inserm U1205, Grenoble, France
- University of Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Team ATIP/Avenir Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Grenoble, France
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15
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Court M, Petre G, Atifi ME, Millet A. Proteomic Signature Reveals Modulation of Human Macrophage Polarization and Functions Under Differing Environmental Oxygen Conditions. Mol Cell Proteomics 2017; 16:2153-2168. [PMID: 28887380 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra117.000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are innate immune cells which can react to a large number of environmental stimuli thanks to a high degree of plasticity. These cells are involved in a variety of tissue functions in homeostasis, and they play essential roles in pathological contexts. Macrophages' activation state, which determines their functional orientation, is strongly influenced by the cellular environment. A large body of macrophage literature is devoted to better defining polarizations from a molecular viewpoint. It is now accepted that a multidimensional model of polarization is needed to grasp the broad phenotype repertoire controlled by environmental signals. The study presented here aimed, among other goals, to provide a molecular signature of various polarizations in human macrophages at the protein level to better define the different macrophage activation states. To study the proteome in human monocyte-derived macrophages as a function of their polarization state, we used a label-free quantification approach on in-gel fractionated and LysC/Trypsin digested proteins. In total, 5102 proteins were identified and quantified for all polarization states. New polarization-specific markers were identified and validated. Because oxygen tension is an important environmental parameter in tissues, we explored how environmental oxygen tension, at either atmospheric composition (18.6% O2) or "tissue normoxia" (3% O2), affected our classification of macrophage polarization. The comparative results revealed new polarization-specific makers which suggest that environmental oxygen levels should be taken into account when characterizing macrophage activation states. The proteomic screen revealed various polarization-specific proteins and oxygen sensors in human macrophages. One example is arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15), an IL4/IL13 polarization-specific protein, which was upregulated under low oxygen conditions and is associated with an increase in the rate of phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. These results illustrate the need to consider physicochemical parameters like oxygen level when studying macrophage polarization, so as to correctly assess their functions in tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Court
- From the ‡Inserm U1205, Grenoble, France.,§Grenoble-Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Graciane Petre
- From the ‡Inserm U1205, Grenoble, France.,§Grenoble-Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Michèle El Atifi
- From the ‡Inserm U1205, Grenoble, France.,§Grenoble-Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- From the ‡Inserm U1205, Grenoble, France; .,§Grenoble-Alpes University, Grenoble, France.,¶ATIP/Avenir Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer, Grenoble, France
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16
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Osman R, Tacnet-Delorme P, Kleman JP, Millet A, Frachet P. Calreticulin Release at an Early Stage of Death Modulates the Clearance by Macrophages of Apoptotic Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1034. [PMID: 28878781 PMCID: PMC5572343 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Calreticulin (CRT) is a well-known “eat-me” signal harbored by dying cells participating in their recognition by phagocytes. CRT is also recognized to deeply impact the immune response to altered self-cells. In this study, we focus on the role of the newly exposed CRT following cell death induction. We show that if CRT increases at the outer face of the plasma membrane and is well recognized by C1q even when phosphatidylserine is not yet detected, CRT is also released in the surrounding milieu and is able to interact with phagocytes. We observed that exogenous CRT is endocytosed by THP1 macrophages through macropinocytosis and that internalization is associated with a particular phenotype characterized by an increase of cell spreading and migration, an upregulation of CD14, an increase of interleukin-8 release, and a decrease of early apoptotic cell uptake. Importantly, CRT-induced pro-inflammatory phenotype was confirmed on human monocytes-derived macrophages by the overexpression of CD40 and CD274, and we found that monocyte-derived macrophages exposed to CRT display a peculiar polarization notably associated with a downregulation of the histocompatibility complex of class II molecules hampering its description through the classical M1/M2 dichotomy. Altogether our results highlight the role of soluble CRT with strong possible consequences on the macrophage-mediated immune response to dying cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Osman
- University Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Immune Response to Pathogens and Altered Self (IRPAS) Group, Grenoble, France
| | - Pascale Tacnet-Delorme
- University Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Immune Response to Pathogens and Altered Self (IRPAS) Group, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Kleman
- University Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Immune Response to Pathogens and Altered Self (IRPAS) Group, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- ATIP/Avenir Team Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer INSERM U1205, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Frachet
- University Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Immune Response to Pathogens and Altered Self (IRPAS) Group, Grenoble, France
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17
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Martin C, Ohayon D, Alkan M, Mocek J, Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Candalh C, Thevenot G, Millet A, Tamassia N, Cassatella MA, Thieblemont N, Burgel PR, Witko-Sarsat V. Neutrophil-Expressed p21/waf1 Favors Inflammation Resolution in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:740-50. [PMID: 26517580 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0047oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil-associated inflammation during Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection is a determinant of morbidity in cystic fibrosis (CF). Neutrophil apoptosis is a key factor in inflammation resolution and is controlled by cytosolic proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). p21/Waf1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, is a partner of PCNA, and its mRNA is up-regulated in human neutrophils during LPS challenge. We show here that, after 7 days of persistent infection with P. aeruginosa, neutrophilic inflammation was more prominent in p21(-/-) compared with wild-type (WT) mice. Notably, no intrinsic defect in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages was found in p21(-/-) compared with WT mice. Inflammatory cell analysis in peritoneal lavages after zymosan-induced peritonitis showed a significantly increased number of neutrophils at 48 hours in p21(-/-) compared with WT mice. In vitro analysis was consistent with delayed neutrophil apoptosis in p21(-/-) compared with WT mice. Ectopic expression of p21/waf1 in neutrophil-differentiated PLB985 cells potentiated apoptosis and reversed the prosurvival effect of PCNA. In human neutrophils, p21 messenger RNA was induced by TNF-α, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, and LPS. Neutrophils isolated from patients with CF showed enhanced survival, which was reduced after treatment with a carboxy-peptide derived from the sequence of p21/waf1. Notably, p21/waf1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in neutrophils within lungs from patients with CF. Our data reveal a novel role for p21/waf1 in the resolution of inflammation via its ability to control neutrophil apoptosis. This mechanism may be relevant in the neutrophil-dominated inflammation observed in CF and other chronic inflammatory lung conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clémence Martin
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,2 Department of Pneumology, Cochin Hospital, France
| | - Delphine Ohayon
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,4 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris France.,5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Manal Alkan
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,4 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris France.,5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Julie Mocek
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,4 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris France.,5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Magali Pederzoli-Ribeil
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,4 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris France.,5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Céline Candalh
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,4 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris France.,5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Guiti Thevenot
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,4 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris France.,5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Nicola Tamassia
- 6 Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Nathalie Thieblemont
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,4 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris France.,5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Paris, France; and
| | - Pierre-Régis Burgel
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,2 Department of Pneumology, Cochin Hospital, France
| | - Véronique Witko-Sarsat
- 1 Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,3 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France.,4 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR8104, Paris France.,5 Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Excellence Inflamex, Paris, France; and
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Millet A, Jonquet V. SCIWORA ou la fable du chêne et du roseau. Ann Fr Med Urgence 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13341-017-0740-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloise Pariset
- CEA; LETI; MINATEC Campus 38054 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble-Alpes; 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Vincent Agache
- CEA; LETI; MINATEC Campus 38054 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble-Alpes; 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- ATIP/Avenir Team “Mechanobiology, Immunity and Cancer”; Inserm U1205, Brain-Tech Lab 38054 Grenoble France
- Université Grenoble-Alpes; 38000 Grenoble France
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20
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Gimenez U, Perles-Barbacaru AT, Millet A, Appaix F, El-Atifi M, Pernet-Gallay K, van der Sanden B, Berger F, Lahrech H. Microscopic DTI accurately identifies early glioma cell migration: correlation with multimodal imaging in a new glioma stem cell model. NMR Biomed 2016; 29:1553-1562. [PMID: 27717043 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring glioma cell infiltration in the brain is critical for diagnosis and therapy. Using a new glioma Glio6 mouse model derived from human stem cells we show how diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may predict glioma cell migration/invasion. In vivo multiparametric MRI was performed at one, two and three months of Glio6 glioma growth (Glio6 (n = 6), sham (n = 3)). This longitudinal study reveals the existence of a time window to study glioma cell/migration/invasion selectively. Indeed, at two months only Glio6 cell invasion was detected, while tumor mass formation, edema, blood-brain barrier leakage and tumor angiogenesis were detected later, at three months. To robustly confirm the potential of DTI for detecting glioma cell migration/invasion, a microscopic 3D-DTI (80 μm isotropic spatial resolution) technique was developed and applied to fixed mouse brains (Glio6 (n = 6), sham (n = 3)). DTI changes were predominant in the corpus callosum (CC), a known path of cell migration. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and perpendicular diffusivity (D⊥ ) changes derived from ex vivo microscopic 3D-DTI were significant at two months of tumor growth. In the caudate putamen an FA increase of +38% (p < 0.001) was observed, while in the CC a - 28% decrease in FA (p < 0.005) and a + 95% increase in D⊥ (p < 0.005) were observed. In the CC, DTI changes and fluorescent Glio6 cell density obtained by two-photon microscopy in the same brains were correlated (p < 0.001, r = 0.69), validating FA and D⊥ as early quantitative biomarkers to detect glioma cell migration/invasion. The origin of DTI changes was assessed by electron microscopy of the same tract, showing axon bundle disorganization. During the first two months, Glio6 cells display a migratory phenotype without being associated with the constitution of a brain tumor mass. This offers a unique opportunity to apply microscopic 3D-DTI and to validate DTI parameters FA and D⊥ as biomarkers for glioma cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Florence Appaix
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences Inserm U836, Grenoble, France
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21
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Millet A, Latteux G. Abcès de l’ouraque. Ann Fr Med Urgence 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13341-016-0635-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Lametery E, Dubois-Teklali F, Millet A, Manel V. Le syndrome pharyngo-cervico-brachial : un tableau de syndrome de Guillain-Barré atypique avec paralysie bulbaire sévère. Arch Pediatr 2016; 23:176-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Millet A, Martin KR, Bonnefoy F, Saas P, Mocek J, Alkan M, Terrier B, Kerstein A, Tamassia N, Satyanarayanan SK, Ariel A, Ribeil JA, Guillevin L, Cassatella MA, Mueller A, Thieblemont N, Lamprecht P, Mouthon L, Perruche S, Witko-Sarsat V. Proteinase 3 on apoptotic cells disrupts immune silencing in autoimmune vasculitis. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:4107-21. [PMID: 26436651 DOI: 10.1172/jci78182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis that is associated with granulomatous inflammation and the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) directed against proteinase 3 (PR3). We previously determined that PR3 on the surface of apoptotic neutrophils interferes with induction of antiinflammatory mechanisms following phagocytosis of these cells by macrophages. Here, we demonstrate that enzymatically active membrane-associated PR3 on apoptotic cells triggered secretion of inflammatory cytokines, including granulocyte CSF (G-CSF) and chemokines. This response required the IL-1R1/MyD88 signaling pathway and was dependent on the synthesis of NO, as macrophages from animals lacking these pathways did not exhibit a PR3-associated proinflammatory response. The PR3-induced microenvironment facilitated recruitment of inflammatory cells, such as macrophages, plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), and neutrophils, which were observed in close proximity within granulomatous lesions in the lungs of GPA patients. In different murine models of apoptotic cell injection, the PR3-induced microenvironment instructed pDC-driven Th9/Th2 cell generation. Concomitant injection of anti-PR3 ANCAs with PR3-expressing apoptotic cells induced a Th17 response, revealing a GPA-specific mechanism of immune polarization. Accordingly, circulating CD4+ T cells from GPA patients had a skewed distribution of Th9/Th2/Th17. These results reveal that PR3 disrupts immune silencing associated with clearance of apoptotic neutrophils and provide insight into how PR3 and PR3-targeting ANCAs promote GPA pathophysiology.
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Millet A, Bazebissa JR, Roy PM. Rupture de la crosse aortique. Ann Fr Med Urgence 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13341-015-0536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Raboisson D, Caubet C, Tasca C, De Marchi L, Ferraton JM, Gannac S, Millet A, Enjalbert F, Schelcher F, Foucras G. Effect of acute and chronic excesses of dietary nitrogen on blood neutrophil functions in cattle. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:7575-85. [PMID: 25306272 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Excess dietary nitrogen (EDN) is commonly expected in dairy herds, but no data are available regarding its consequences on cattle immunity. In this study neutrophil functions were assessed during EDN in steers. In experiment 1, 4 one-month periods, 4 diets [16% crude protein (CP; DM basis), 20% CP based on soybean meal, 20% CP based on urea, and 24% CP based on urea and soybean meal], and 4 steers were included in a crossover design to determine the effects of a chronic excess. In experiment 2, the repercussions of an acute excess were assessed with 2 periods of 10 d, the same 4 steers, and 2 diets containing 14 and 20% CP. Sampling was done during the fourth week of each period in experiment 1, and on d 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, and 9 of each period in experiment 2. Individual blood biochemistry parameters were measured and neutrophil factors, such as counts, recovery after isolation, surface expression of CD11b and CD62L, phagocytosis, diapedesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and bacteria killing, were determined. Data were analyzed by general linear models of R, with period, diet or biochemical component, and animal as explanatory variables. The outcome variables were biochemical or immune variables. The variables diet, period, and animal were forced as fixed effects. Data collected over the entire period of experiment 2 were pooled. Several multiples linear regressions or ANOVA were performed and a Bonferroni correction was applied. In experiment 2 (acute EDN), neutrophil counts were negatively associated with nitrogen intake, conversely to CD62L expression. The observed relative neutropenia may be due to neutrophil margination because CD62L-expressing neutrophils are more likely to stick to endothelium. Interestingly, ROS production was changed by EDN: chronic EDN (experiment 1) was negatively associated with opsonized zymozan (OZ)-induced ROS production and acute EDN (experiment 2) with spontaneous ROS production. For chronic EDN, ROS production upon phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate was not modified, in contrast to OZ stimulation. Decreased ROS production during chronic EDN probably involves the early events leading to ROS production, as OZ acts through membrane receptors and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate directly activates protein kinase C. This is the first study to provide evidence that the modifications of neutrophil functions produced by excess nitrogen depend on the intensity and duration of the excess. Further studies, including epidemiological studies during risk periods, are needed to resolve the issues linked to EDN.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Raboisson
- Université de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), UMR1225, Interaction Hôtes-Agents Pathogènes (IHAP), 31076, Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, 31076, Toulouse, France.
| | - C Caubet
- Université de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), UMR1225, Interaction Hôtes-Agents Pathogènes (IHAP), 31076, Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, 31076, Toulouse, France
| | - C Tasca
- Université de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), UMR1225, Interaction Hôtes-Agents Pathogènes (IHAP), 31076, Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, 31076, Toulouse, France
| | - L De Marchi
- Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - J M Ferraton
- Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - S Gannac
- Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - A Millet
- Université de Toulouse, INP, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - F Enjalbert
- Université de Toulouse INPT ENVT, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, F-31076 Toulouse, France
| | - F Schelcher
- Université de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), UMR1225, Interaction Hôtes-Agents Pathogènes (IHAP), 31076, Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, 31076, Toulouse, France
| | - G Foucras
- Université de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), UMR1225, Interaction Hôtes-Agents Pathogènes (IHAP), 31076, Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR1225, IHAP, 31076, Toulouse, France
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Millet A, Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Guillevin L, Witko-Sarsat V, Mouthon L. Republished: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides: is it time to split up the group? Postgrad Med J 2014; 90:290-6. [DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2013-203255rep] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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De Chiara A, Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Mocek J, Candalh C, Mayeux P, Millet A, Witko-Sarsat V. Characterization of cytosolic proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in neutrophils: antiapoptotic role of the monomer. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:723-31. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1212637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Millet A, Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Guillevin L, Witko-Sarsat V, Mouthon L. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides: is it time to split up the group? Ann Rheum Dis 2013; 72:1273-9. [PMID: 23606701 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-203255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides are a heterogeneous group of diseases corresponding to necrotising inflammation of small vessels with a wide range of clinical presentations. At least two of the diseases are believed to exhibit a common ground of pathophysiological mechanisms. These are granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA, formerly known as Wegener's granulomatosis) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). ANCA directed against proteinase 3 (PR3) are preferentially associated with GPA, and anti-myeloperoxidase (MPO) ANCA are associated mainly with MPA and eosinophilic GPA (formerly known as Churg-Strauss syndrome). Anti-MPO and anti-PR3 antibodies can activate neutrophils in vitro. In vivo data are available for humans and mice on the pathogenicity of anti-MPO but it is more controversial for PR3-ANCA. A recent genome-wide association study of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitides confirmed the genetic contribution to the pathogenesis of these conditions, with significant association of PR3-ANCA and human leukocyte antigen-DP and the genes encoding α1-antitrypsin and PR3. MPO-ANCA were significantly associated with human leukocyte antigen-DQ. Thus, recent results from epidemiological studies, genome-wide association study and therapeutic trials have suggested that these entities are, in fact, distinct. We have summarised these results and discuss the idea that these two entities should be studied separately as the nature of the two auto-antigens suggests at a molecular level despite shared ANCA involvement.
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Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Angelot F, Millet A, Kantari C, Reuter N, Mouthon L, Frachet P, Saas P, Witko-Sarsat V. Proteinase 3 (PR3) is a phosphatidylserine-binding protein that can bind microparticles: Relevance in the context of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Presse Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Millet A, Mocek J, Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Cormier F, Baud V, Witko-Sarsat V. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells expressing PR3 impaired macrophage anti-inflammatory reprogramming. Presse Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Mouthon L, Millet A, Régent A, Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Witko-Sarsat V. Physiopathologie des vascularites ANCA-positives. Presse Med 2012; 41:996-1003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Gabillet J, Millet A, Pederzoli-Ribeil M, Tacnet-Delorme P, Guillevin L, Mouthon L, Frachet P, Witko-Sarsat V. Proteinase 3, the autoantigen in granulomatosis with polyangiitis, associates with calreticulin on apoptotic neutrophils, impairs macrophage phagocytosis, and promotes inflammation. J Immunol 2012; 189:2574-83. [PMID: 22844112 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteinase 3 (PR3) is the target of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm Abs in granulomatosis with polyangiitis, a form of systemic vasculitis. Upon neutrophil apoptosis, PR3 is coexternalized with phosphatidylserine and impaired macrophage phagocytosis. Calreticulin (CRT), a protein involved in apoptotic cell recognition, was found to be a new PR3 partner coexpressed with PR3 on the neutrophil plasma membrane during apoptosis, but not after degranulation. The association between PR3 and CRT was demonstrated in neutrophils by confocal microscopy and coimmunoprecipitation. Evidence for a direct interaction between PR3 and the globular domain of CRT, but not with its P domain, was provided by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. Phagocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils from healthy donors was decreased after blocking lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP), a CRT receptor on macrophages. In contrast, neutrophils from patients with granulomatosis with polyangiitis expressing high membrane PR3 levels showed a lower rate of phagocytosis than those from healthy controls not affected by anti-LRP, suggesting that the LRP-CRT pathway was disturbed by PR3-CRT association. Moreover, phagocytosis of apoptotic PR3-expressing cells potentiated proinflammatory cytokine in vitro by human monocyte-derived macrophages and in vivo by resident murine peritoneal macrophages, and diverted the anti-inflammatory response triggered by the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells after LPS challenge in thioglycolate-elicited murine macrophages. Therefore, membrane PR3 expressed on apoptotic neutrophils might amplify inflammation and promote autoimmunity by affecting the anti-inflammatory "reprogramming" of macrophages.
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Millet A, Desrumaux A, Gayot A, Tristan A, Emeriaud G, Debillon T, Wroblewski I. Un cas de pneumopathie nécrosante à Staphylococcus aureus sécréteur de toxine leucocidine de Panton Valentine chez un nourrisson. Arch Pediatr 2012; 19:718-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 12/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Dahmani O, Millet A, Benoit F, Verjus C, Demarchi P. Température corporelle asymétrique chez une patiente hémodialysée. Nephrol Ther 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2011.07.392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kantari C, Millet A, Gabillet J, Hajjar E, Broemstrup T, Pluta P, Reuter N, Witko-Sarsat V. Molecular analysis of the membrane insertion domain of proteinase 3, the Wegener's autoantigen, in RBL cells: implication for its pathogenic activity. J Leukoc Biol 2011; 90:941-50. [PMID: 21821719 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1210695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PR3, also called myeloblastin, is a neutrophil serine protease that promotes myeloid cell proliferation by cleaving the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(cip1/waf1). In addition, it is the target of ANCA in GPA, a necrotizing vasculitis. Anti-PR3 ANCA binding to membrane-expressed PR3 triggers neutrophil activation, potentiating vascular inflammation. This study performed in RBL cells identifies the structural motifs of PR3 membrane anchorage and examines its impact on PR3 proinflammatory and proliferative functions. With the use of MD simulations and mutagenesis, we demonstrate that the mutations of four hydrophobic (F180, F181, L228, F229) or four basic (R193, R194, K195, R227) amino acids abrogated PR3 membrane anchorage. The hydrophobic patch-deficient PR3 mutant (PR34H4A) was still able to cleave the synthetic substrate Boc-Ala-Pro-Val in cell lysates. However, in contrast to WT PR3, PR34H4A was not expressed at the plasma membrane after degranulation and failed to cleave extracellular fibronectin, was not externalized after apoptosis and did not impair macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, did not promote myeloid cell proliferation and failed to cleave p21/waf1. PR3 membrane insertion appears to be pivotal for its proinflammatory activities, such as extracellular proteolysis and impairment of apoptotic cell clearance, but also for myeloid cell proliferation. Targeting membrane-associated PR3 might constitute a novel, anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategy in inflammatory disease especially in vasculitis, but this approach has to be validated in mature neutrophils.
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Millet A, Decaux O, Guenet L, Grosbois B, Jego P. Un liquide céphalorachidien coloré. Rev Med Interne 2011; 32:187-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2009.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Accepted: 11/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Millet A, Graveleau J, Gueret P, Trossaërt M, Decaux O, Aouba A, Lasne D, Guillet B. Thrombin generation in patients with acquired haemophilia and clinical bleeding risk. Br J Haematol 2011; 153:136-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2010.08517.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Millet A, Salomons GS, Cneude F, Corne C, Debillon T, Jakobs C, Struys E, Hamelin S. Novel mutations in pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2011; 15:74-7. [PMID: 20427214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2010.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2009] [Revised: 03/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pyridoxine-Dependent Epilepsy (PDE) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with neonatal seizures resistant to conventional anti-epileptic drugs. This metabolic disease has to be diagnosed early and treated to improve outcome. We report on two new mutations that open new prenatal prospects and suggest a new diagnostic procedure. CASE REPORT We describe PDE in a neonate carrying two novel mutations in the ALDH7A1 gene: c.[852_856delCTTAG] + [1230C > A]; p.[(Phe410Leu)] + p.[(Leu285CysfsX26)]. This case also illustrates that diagnosis could have been made without any pyridoxine withdrawal, thanks to the measurement of biomarkers. The patient was successfully treated with pyridoxine supplementation and currently shows normal neurological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Millet
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Paediatrics, Grenoble University Hospital, France
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Millet A, Rioux-Leclercq N, Le Lay JP, Le Pogamp P, Vigneau C. Unexpected remission of renal AA amyloidosis associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2009; 76:431-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2008.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2008] [Accepted: 12/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Millet A, Decaux O, Hervier JB, Audrain M, Vigneau C, Hamidou M, Grosbois B, Jego P, Bahon-Riedinger I. Étude de la corrélation entre un nouveau test ELISA sélectif pour les anticorps IgG anti-ADN double brin de haute avidité (Farrzyme) et le test de Farr. Rev Med Interne 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2009.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Millet A, Decaux O, Perlat A, Grosbois B, Jego P. Systemic lupus erythematosus and vaccination. Eur J Intern Med 2009; 20:236-41. [PMID: 19393490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2008.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2008] [Revised: 06/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are frequently immunodepressed making them more vulnerable to infections. Preventive vaccination is therefore warranted but has often been withheld owing to fears of a link between infection and autoimmunity, and the possibility of inducing or exacerbating lupus after vaccination. The data published in the literature suggest that vaccination of lupus patient is safe, except for live vaccines. Their efficacy is lower than in healthy subjects but protection seems to be sufficient. But further large-scale studies are required to confirm these statements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Millet
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHU RENNES, France.
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Palais G, Nguyen Dinh Cat A, Friedman H, Panek-Huet N, Millet A, Tronche F, Gellen B, Mercadier JJ, Peterson A, Jaisser F. Targeted transgenesis at the HPRT locus: an efficient strategy to achieve tightly controlled in vivo conditional expression with the tet system. Physiol Genomics 2009; 37:140-6. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.90328.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tet-inducible system has been widely used to achieve conditional gene expression in genetically modified mice. To alleviate the frequent difficulties associated with recovery of relevant transgenic founders, we tested whether a controlled strategy of transgenesis would support reliable cell-specific, doxycycline (Dox)-controlled transgene expression in vivo. Taking advantage of the potent hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine selection strategy and an embryonic stem (ES) cell line supporting efficient germ-line transmission, we used hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase ( HPRT) targeting to insert a single copy tet-inducible construct designed to allow both glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and β-galactosidase (β-Gal) expression. Conditional, Dox-dependent GR and β-Gal expression was evidenced in targeted ES cells. Breeding ES-derived single copy transgenic mice with mice bearing appropriate tet transactivators resulted in β-Gal expression both qualitatively and quantitatively similar to that observed in mice with random integration of the same construct. Interestingly, GR expression in mice was dependent on transgene orientation in the HPRT locus while embryonic stem cell expression was not. Thus, a conditional construct inserted in single copy and in predetermined orientation at the HPRT locus demonstrated a Dox-dependent gene expression phenotype in adult mice suggesting that controlled insertion of tet-inducible constructs at the HPRT locus can provide an efficient alternative strategy to reproducibly generate animal models with tetracycline-induced transgene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Palais
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U772
- Collège de France
- l'Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A. Nguyen Dinh Cat
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U772
- Collège de France
- l'Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - H. Friedman
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, H-5, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - N. Panek-Huet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U772
- Collège de France
- l'Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - A. Millet
- Collège de France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7148
| | - F. Tronche
- Collège de France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7148
| | - B. Gellen
- INSERM, U698
- l'Université Paris 7, Paris, France
| | | | - A. Peterson
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, H-5, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - F. Jaisser
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U772
- Collège de France
- l'Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Millet A, Morel H, Heautot JF, Corre R, Curran Y. [False aneurysm of the pulmonary artery secondary to a cancer recurrence]. Presse Med 2008; 37:1817-9. [PMID: 18774678 DOI: 10.1016/j.lpm.2007.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2007] [Revised: 09/23/2007] [Accepted: 10/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Millet
- Service de pneumologie, centre hospitalier Broussais, F-35400 Saint-Malo, France.
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Millet A, Morandi X, Hamidou M, Jego P. Intracranial meningioma mimicking a carcinoid tumor. Am J Med 2008; 121:e1-2. [PMID: 18456011 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2007] [Revised: 12/30/2007] [Accepted: 01/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Millet A, Morel H, Sanchez O, Meyer G, Le Roy Ladurie F, Dartevelle P, Dulmet E, Goarant E, Curran Y. [Invasion of the pulmonary artery by an undifferentiated carcinoma]. Rev Mal Respir 2008; 25:63-7. [PMID: 18288053 DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(08)70468-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The diagnosis of chronic obstruction of the pulmonary artery is difficult. We present the case of a woman with an invasive, undifferentiated carcinoma of the pulmonary artery. CASE REPORT A 61 year old woman complained of increasing dyspnoea. This was evaluated by computed tomography which showed a defect in the main pulmonary artery. There was no clinical or radiological improvement following anticoagulant treatment for two months. A repeat CT scan showed a persisting intravascular defect and the diagnoses considered included post-embolic pulmonary arterial hypertension and angiosarcoma. A surgical biopsy was performed and pericardial and aortic tumour nodules were found during the operation. The pathological examination revealed undifferentiated carcinoma. Further investigations failed to reveal the primary site. CONCLUSION Invasion of the pulmonary artery by angiosarcoma or other tumour is part of the differential diagnosis of chronic thromboembolic disease. The diagnosis rests on histology obtained by an intravascular or surgical procedure. Complete surgical excision may be possible in angiosarcoma but it was impossible in our patient. The patient died despite two courses of chemotherapy and targeted therapy with erlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Millet
- Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Broussais, Saint-Malo, France
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Nicoli S, Padula C, Aversa V, Vietti B, Wertz P, Millet A, Falson F, Govoni P, Santi P. Characterization of Rabbit Ear Skin as a Skin Model for in vitro Transdermal Permeation Experiments: Histology, Lipid Composition and Permeability. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2008; 21:218-26. [DOI: 10.1159/000135638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Millet A, Decaux O, Bareau B, Guillet B, Cazalets C, Perlat A, Jego P, Grosbois B. Efficacité du rituximab dans les hémophilies acquises: à propos de deux cas et revue de la littérature. Rev Med Interne 2007; 28:862-5. [PMID: 17707554 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2007.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acquired hemophilia due to an inhibitor of factor VIII is a rare clinical situation. EXEGESIS Rituximab is now used in the treatment of acquired hemophilia. We report two cases of acquired hemophilia treated by rituximab with efficiency. CONCLUSION Rituximab appears to be a first line immunosuppressive therapy in acquired hemophilia, especially in post-partum hemophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Millet
- Service de médecine interne, département de médecine de l'adulte, hôpital Sud, 16, boulevard de Bulgarie, 35203 Rennes cedex 02, France
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Calaf J, López E, Millet A, Alcañiz J, Fortuny A, Vidal O, Callejo J, Escobar-Jiménez F, Torres E, Espinós JJ. Long-term efficacy and tolerability of flutamide combined with oral contraception in moderate to severe hirsutism: a 12-month, double-blind, parallel clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007; 92:3446-52. [PMID: 17566093 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2006-2798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to test the efficacy and tolerability of three doses of flutamide (125, 250, and 375 mg) combined with a triphasic oral contraceptive (ethynylestradiol/levonorgestrel) during 12 months to treat moderate to severe hirsutism in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome or idiopathic hirsutism. DESIGN We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel clinical trial. PATIENTS A total of 131 premenopausal women, suffering from moderate to severe hirsutism, were randomized to placebo or 125, 250, or 375 mg flutamide daily associated with a triphasic oral contraceptive pill. Hirsutism (Ferriman-Gallwey), acne and seborrhea (Cremoncini), and hormone serum levels were monitored at baseline and at 3 (except hormone serum levels), 6, and 12 months. Side effects and biochemical, hematological, and hepatic parameters were assessed. METHODS We used three-way ANOVA (subject, dose, and visit) with Scheffé adjustment for multiple comparisons or nonparametrical Friedman test and least-squares mean (paired data) and Kruskall-Wallis test for unpaired data analyses. We used chi(2) or Fisher's test for categorical data. RESULTS A total of 119 patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. All flutamide doses induced a significant decrease in hirsutism, acne, and seborrhea scores after 12 months compared with placebo without differences among dose levels. Similar related side effects were observed with placebo and 125 mg flutamide (12.5%), and slightly higher with 250 mg (17.3%) and 375 mg (21.2%). No statistically significant differences were observed either among doses or compared with placebo. CONCLUSIONS Flutamide at 125 mg daily during 12 months was the minimum effective dose to diminish hirsutism in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome or with idiopathic hirsutism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Calaf
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Avenida Sant Antoni M Claret, 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
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Millet A, Fuster CA, Lluch A, Dirbas F. Axillary surgery in breast cancer patients. Clin Transl Oncol 2007; 9:513-20. [PMID: 17720654 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-007-0095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Surgeons have routinely removed ipsilateral axillary lymph nodes from women with breast cancer for over 100 years. The procedure provides important staging information, enhances regional control of the malignancy and may improve survival. As screening of breast cancer has increased, the mean size of newly diagnosed primary invasive breast cancers has steadily decreased and so has the number of women with lymph node metastases. Recognising that the therapeutic benefit of removing normal nodes may be low, alternatives to the routine level I/II axillary lymph node dissection have been sought. A decade ago sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was introduced. Because of its high accuracy and relatively low morbidity, this technique is now widely used to identify women with histologically involved nodes prior to the formal axillary node dissection. Specifically, SLNB has allowed surgeons to avoid a formal axillary lymph node biopsy in women with histologically uninvolved sentinel nodes, while identifying women with involved sentinel nodes who derive the most benefit from a completion axillary node dissection. Despite the increasing use of SLNB for initial management of the axilla in women with breast cancer, important questions remain regarding patient selection criteria and optimal surgical methods for performing the biopsy. This article discusses the evolution of axillary node surgery for women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Millet
- Division of Breast Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Valencia School of Medicine, and Department of General Surgery, Valencia General Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
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Schwarzenberger PO, Fariss A, Linaris L, Millet A, Zakris E, Murillo R, Theodossiou CG, Nedzi L. Combination of weekly chest radiotherapy and oral vinorelbine for the palliation of advanced non small cell lung cancer: A phase I/II study. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.7284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. O. Schwarzenberger
- Cancer Ctr MB-CCOP, Mobile, AL; New Orleans Cancer Institute, New Orleans, LA; Tulane Cancer Ctr, Tulane University, LA; Ochsner Cancer Institute, Ochsner Health Care System of New Orleans, LA
| | - A. Fariss
- Cancer Ctr MB-CCOP, Mobile, AL; New Orleans Cancer Institute, New Orleans, LA; Tulane Cancer Ctr, Tulane University, LA; Ochsner Cancer Institute, Ochsner Health Care System of New Orleans, LA
| | - L. Linaris
- Cancer Ctr MB-CCOP, Mobile, AL; New Orleans Cancer Institute, New Orleans, LA; Tulane Cancer Ctr, Tulane University, LA; Ochsner Cancer Institute, Ochsner Health Care System of New Orleans, LA
| | - A. Millet
- Cancer Ctr MB-CCOP, Mobile, AL; New Orleans Cancer Institute, New Orleans, LA; Tulane Cancer Ctr, Tulane University, LA; Ochsner Cancer Institute, Ochsner Health Care System of New Orleans, LA
| | - E. Zakris
- Cancer Ctr MB-CCOP, Mobile, AL; New Orleans Cancer Institute, New Orleans, LA; Tulane Cancer Ctr, Tulane University, LA; Ochsner Cancer Institute, Ochsner Health Care System of New Orleans, LA
| | - R. Murillo
- Cancer Ctr MB-CCOP, Mobile, AL; New Orleans Cancer Institute, New Orleans, LA; Tulane Cancer Ctr, Tulane University, LA; Ochsner Cancer Institute, Ochsner Health Care System of New Orleans, LA
| | - C. G. Theodossiou
- Cancer Ctr MB-CCOP, Mobile, AL; New Orleans Cancer Institute, New Orleans, LA; Tulane Cancer Ctr, Tulane University, LA; Ochsner Cancer Institute, Ochsner Health Care System of New Orleans, LA
| | - L. Nedzi
- Cancer Ctr MB-CCOP, Mobile, AL; New Orleans Cancer Institute, New Orleans, LA; Tulane Cancer Ctr, Tulane University, LA; Ochsner Cancer Institute, Ochsner Health Care System of New Orleans, LA
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