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Clément F, Nougarède A, Combe S, Kermarrec F, Dey AK, Obeid P, Millet A, Navarro FP, Marche PN, Sulpice E, Gidrol X. Therapeutic siRNAs Targeting the JAK/STAT Signalling Pathway in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 16:286-300. [PMID: 34286840 PMCID: PMC8864631 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel diseases are highly debilitating conditions that require constant monitoring and life-long medication. Current treatments are focused on systemic administration of immunomodulatory drugs, but they have a broad range of undesirable side-effects. RNA interference is a highly specific endogenous mechanism that regulates the expression of the gene at the transcript level, which can be repurposed using exogenous short interfering RNA [siRNA] to repress expression of the target gene. While siRNA therapeutics can offer an alternative to existing therapies, with a high specificity critical for chronically administrated drugs, evidence of their potency compared to chemical kinase inhibitors used in clinics is still lacking in alleviating an adverse inflammatory response. METHODS We provide a framework to select highly specific siRNA, with a focus on two kinases strongly involved in pro-inflammatory diseases, namely JAK1 and JAK3. Using western-blot, real-time quantitative PCR and large-scale analysis, we assessed the specificity profile of these siRNA drugs and compared their efficacy to the most recent and promising kinase inhibitors for Janus kinases [Jakinibs], tofacitinib and filgotinib. RESULTS siRNA drugs can reach higher efficiency and selectivity at lower doses [5 pM vs 1 µM] than Jakinibs. Moreover, JAK silencing lasted up to 11 days, even with 6 h pulse transfection. CONCLUSIONS The siRNA-based drugs developed hold the potential to develop more potent therapeutics for chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Clément
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, IAB, La Tronche, France
| | - Adrien Nougarède
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Leti, Division for Biology and Healthcare Technologies, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphanie Combe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Arindam K Dey
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, IAB, La Tronche, France
| | - Patricia Obeid
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Millet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Team Mechanobiology, immunity and Cancer, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, La Tronche, France
| | - Fabrice P Navarro
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Leti, Division for Biology and Healthcare Technologies, Microfluidic Systems and Bioengineering Lab, Grenoble, France
| | - Patrice N Marche
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR5309, IAB, La Tronche, France
| | - Eric Sulpice
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, Grenoble, France,Corresponding author: Xavier Gidrol, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, IRIG, Biomics, F-38000, Grenoble, France. Tel: +(33)4 38 78 22 36; Fax: +(33)4 38 78 59 17;
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Laperrousaz B, Porte S, Gerbaud S, Härmä V, Kermarrec F, Hourtane V, Bottausci F, Gidrol X, Picollet-D'hahan N. Direct transfection of clonal organoids in Matrigel microbeads: a promising approach toward organoid-based genetic screens. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:e70. [PMID: 29394376 PMCID: PMC6158603 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Organoid cultures in 3D matrices are relevant models to mimic the complex in vivo environment that supports cell physiological and pathological behaviors. For instance, 3D epithelial organoids recapitulate numerous features of glandular tissues including the development of fully differentiated acini that maintain apico-basal polarity with hollow lumen. Effective genetic engineering in organoids would bring new insights in organogenesis and carcinogenesis. However, direct 3D transfection on already formed organoids remains challenging. One limitation is that organoids are embedded in extracellular matrix and grow into compact structures that hinder transfection using traditional techniques. To address this issue, we developed an innovative approach for transgene expression in 3D organoids by combining single-cell encapsulation in Matrigel microbeads using a microfluidic device and electroporation. We demonstrate that direct electroporation of encapsulated organoids reaches up to 80% of transfection efficiency. Using this technique and a morphological read-out that recapitulate the different stages of tumor development, we further validate the role of p63 and PTEN as key genes in acinar development in breast and prostate tissues. We believe that the combination of controlled organoid generation and efficient 3D transfection developed here opens new perspectives for flow-based high-throughput genetic screening and functional genomic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Porte
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, BIG-BGE, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sophie Gerbaud
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, BIG-BGE, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Ville Härmä
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, BIG-BGE, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Xavier Gidrol
- University of Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INSERM, BIG-BGE, 38000 Grenoble, France
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3
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Vaillier C, Honegger T, Kermarrec F, Gidrol X, Peyrade D. Label-Free Electric Monitoring of Human Cancer Cells as a Potential Diagnostic Tool. Anal Chem 2016; 88:9022-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Vaillier
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LTM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thibault Honegger
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LTM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Frédérique Kermarrec
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, iRTSV,
Biologie
à Grande Echelle, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA, iRTSV,
Biologie
à Grande Echelle, F-38054 Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, F-38054 Grenoble, France
| | - David Peyrade
- Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CNRS, LTM, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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Vaillier C, Honegger T, Kermarrec F, Gidrol X, Peyrade D. Involvement of membrane proteins and ion channels on the self-rotation of human cells in a non-rotating AC electric field. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:1123-9. [PMID: 25808576 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Dielectrophoresis is a force that has been exploited in microsystems for label-free characterization and separation of cells, when their electrical signature is known. However, the polarization effect of cells at the transmembrane protein level is not well established. In this work, we have use the self-rotation effect of cells in a non-rotating field, known as the "Quincke effect," in order to measure the maximum rotation frequency (frotmax ) of different cell populations when modifying the composition of their membrane. We investigated the influence of active ionic transportation of membrane protein concentration on frotmax of HEK cells. Our results show that ionic transportation is responsible for the reduction of conductivity within the cytoplasm, which results in higher frotmax . However, the influence of the concentration of proteins in the membrane, achieved by silencing gene expression in cancer cells, changes significantly frotmax , which is not explained by the changes of ionic conductivity within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Vaillier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTM, Grenoble, France.,LTM, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Thibault Honegger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTM, Grenoble, France.,LTM, CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Frédérique Kermarrec
- CEA, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- CEA, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Grenoble, France
| | - David Peyrade
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTM, Grenoble, France.,LTM, CNRS, Grenoble, France
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Abeille F, Mittler F, Obeid P, Huet M, Kermarrec F, Dolega ME, Navarro F, Pouteau P, Icard B, Gidrol X, Agache V, Picollet-D'hahan N. Continuous microcarrier-based cell culture in a benchtop microfluidic bioreactor. Lab Chip 2014; 14:3510-8. [PMID: 25012393 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00570h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic bioreactors are expected to impact cell therapy and biopharmaceutical production due to their ability to control cellular microenvironments. This work presents a novel approach for continuous cell culture in a microfluidic system. Microcarriers (i.e., microbeads) are used as growth support for anchorage-dependent mammalian cells. This approach eases the manipulation of cells within the system and enables harmless extraction of cells. Moreover, the microbioreactor uses a perfusion function based on the biocompatible integration of a porous membrane to continuously feed the cells. The perfusion rate is optimized through simulations to provide a stable biochemical environment. Thermal management is also addressed to ensure a homogeneous bioreactor temperature. Eventually, incubator-free cell cultures of Drosophila S2 and PC3 cells are achieved over the course of a week using this bioreactor. In future applications, a more efficient alternative to harvesting cells from microcarriers is also anticipated as suggested by our positive results from the microcarrier digestion experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Abeille
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
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6
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Vaillier C, Honegger T, Kermarrec F, Gidrol X, Peyrade D. Comprehensive analysis of human cells motion under an irrotational AC electric field in an electro-microfluidic chip. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95231. [PMID: 24736275 PMCID: PMC3988152 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
AC electrokinetics is a versatile tool for contact-less manipulation or characterization of cells and has been widely used for separation based on genotype translation to electrical phenotypes. Cells responses to an AC electric field result in a complex combination of electrokinetic phenomena, mainly dielectrophoresis and electrohydrodynamic forces. Human cells behaviors to AC electrokinetics remain unclear over a large frequency spectrum as illustrated by the self-rotation effect observed recently. We here report and analyze human cells behaviors in different conditions of medium conductivity, electric field frequency and magnitude. We also observe the self-rotation of human cells, in the absence of a rotational electric field. Based on an analytical competitive model of electrokinetic forces, we propose an explanation of the cell self-rotation. These experimental results, coupled with our model, lead to the exploitation of the cell behaviors to measure the intrinsic dielectric properties of JURKAT, HEK and PC3 human cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Vaillier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTM, Grenoble, France; CNRS, LTM, Grenoble, France
| | - Thibault Honegger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTM, Grenoble, France; CNRS, LTM, Grenoble, France; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of Amercia
| | - Frédérique Kermarrec
- CEA, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- CEA, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Grenoble, France
| | - David Peyrade
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LTM, Grenoble, France; CNRS, LTM, Grenoble, France
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7
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Wu N, Sulpice E, Obeid P, Benzina S, Kermarrec F, Combe S, Gidrol X. The miR-17 family links p63 protein to MAPK signaling to promote the onset of human keratinocyte differentiation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45761. [PMID: 23029228 PMCID: PMC3454365 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The p63 protein plays a key role in regulating human keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Although some p63-regulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in the control of epidermal homeostasis, little is known about miRNAs acting downstream of p63. In this paper, we characterized multiple p63-regulated miRNAs (miR-17, miR-20b, miR-30a, miR-106a, miR-143 and miR-455-3p) and elucidated their roles in the onset of keratinocyte differentiation. We identified RB, p21 and multiple MAPKs as targets of these p63-controlled miRNAs. Upon inhibition of most of these miRNAs, we observed defects in commitment to differentiation that could be reversed by siRNA-mediated silencing of their targets. Furthermore, knockdown of MAPK8 and MAPK9 efficiently restored expression of the early differentiation markers keratin 1 and keratin 10 in p63-silenced primary human keratinocytes. These results highlight new mechanistic roles of multiple miRNAs, particularly the miR-17 family (miR-17, miR-20b and miR-106a), as regulatory intermediates for coordinating p63 with MAPK signaling in the commitment of human mature keratinocytes to early differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wu
- CEA, Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Sulpice
- CEA, Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Patricia Obeid
- CEA, Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Sami Benzina
- CEA, Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Frédérique Kermarrec
- CEA, Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphanie Combe
- CEA, Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Gidrol
- CEA, Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle, Grenoble, France
- INSERM, U1038, Grenoble, France
- Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
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Boussaoud A, Fonteille I, Collier G, Kermarrec F, Vermont F, Tresallet E, De Waard M, Arnoult C, Picollet-D'hahan N. A miniaturized planar patch-clamp system for transportable use. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 32:96-103. [PMID: 22208956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2011.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the last decade, planar patch-clamp (PPC) has emerged as an innovative technology allowing parallel recordings of cellular electrophysiological activity on planar substrates. If PPC is widely adopted by the pharmaceutical sector, it remains poorly extended to other areas (i.e. environment and safety organizations) probably because of the large, expensive and non-easily transportable format of those commercial equipments. The present work describes for the first time a new compact and transportable planar patch-clamp system (named Toxint'patch or TIP, for Toxin detection with integrated patch-clamp) focusing on environmental matters and meant to be used in coastal laboratories, for direct on-site monitoring of the seawater and shellfish quality. The TIP system incorporates silicon chips tailored to monitor cellular ionic currents from cultured cells stably expressing a phycotoxin molecular target. The functionality of this novel briefcase-sized PPC system is described in terms of fluidic control, electronic performances with amplifying and filtering boards and of user interface for data acquisition and control implemented on a computer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Boussaoud
- CEA, DSV iRTSV, Biologie à Grande Echelle, F-38054 Grenoble, France
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Sordel T, Kermarrec F, Sinquin Y, Fonteille I, Labeau M, Sauter-Starace F, Pudda C, de Crécy F, Chatelain F, De Waard M, Arnoult C, Picollet-D’hahan N. The development of high quality seals for silicon patch-clamp chips. Biomaterials 2010; 31:7398-410. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Varnier A, Kermarrec F, Blesneac I, Moreau C, Liguori L, Lenormand JL, Picollet-D’hahan N. A Simple Method for the Reconstitution of Membrane Proteins into Giant Unilamellar Vesicles. J Membr Biol 2010; 233:85-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-010-9227-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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