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Parihar A, Vishwakarma P, Khan R. Miniaturized MXene-based electrochemical biosensors for virus detection. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 158:108700. [PMID: 38582009 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2024.108700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The timely control of infectious diseases can prevent the spread of infections and mitigate the significant socio-economic damage witnessed during recent pandemics. Diagnostic methods play a significant role in detecting highly contagious agents, such as viruses, to prevent further transmission. The emergence of advanced point-of-care techniques offers several advantages over conventional approaches for detecting infectious agents. These techniques are highly sensitive, rapid, can be miniaturized, and are cost-effective. Recently, MXene-based 2D nanocomposites have proven beneficial for fabricating electrochemical biosensors due to their suitable electrical, optical, and mechanical properties. This article covers electrochemical biosensors based on MXene nanocomposite for the detection of viruses, along with the associated challenges and future possibilities. Additionally, we highlight various conventional techniques for the detection of infectious agents, discussing their pros and cons. We delve into the challenges faced during the fabrication of MXene-based biosensors and explore future endeavors. It is anticipated that the information presented in this work will pave the way for the development of Point-of-Care (POC) devices capable of sensitive and selective virus detection, enhancing preparedness for ongoing and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal- 462026, MP, India
| | - Preeti Vishwakarma
- Department of Microbiology, Barkatullah University, Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal- 462026, MP, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal- 462026, MP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad- 201002, India.
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2
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Kumar Shukla M, Parihar A, Karthikeyan C, Kumar D, Khan R. Multifunctional GQDs for receptor targeting, drug delivery, and bioimaging in pancreatic cancer. Nanoscale 2023; 15:14698-14716. [PMID: 37655476 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03161f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with a low survival rate and limited treatment options. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have recently become popular as a promising platform for cancer diagnosis and treatment due to their exceptional physicochemical properties, such as biocompatibility, stability, and fluorescence. This review discusses the potential of multifunctional GQDs as a platform for receptor targeting, drug delivery, and bioimaging in pancreatic cancer. The current studies emphasized the ability of GQDs to selectively target pancreatic cancer cells by overexpressing binding receptors on the cell surface. Additionally, this review discussed the uses of GQDs as drug delivery vehicles for the controlled and targeted release of therapeutics for pancreatic cancer cells. Finally, the potential of GQDs as imaging agents for pancreatic cancer detection and monitoring has been discussed. Overall, multifunctional GQDs showed great promise as a versatile platform for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Further investigation of multifunctional GQDs in terms of their potential and optimization in the context of pancreatic cancer therapy is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monu Kumar Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| | - Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | | | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Parihar A, Sharma P, Choudhary NK, Khan R, Gupta A, Sen RK, Prasad HC, Ashiq M. Green Synthesis of CdS and CdS/rGO Nanocomposites: Evaluation of Electrochemical, Antimicrobial, and Photocatalytic Properties. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2023; 6:3706-3716. [PMID: 37674302 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The green approach has been employed for the synthesis of various types of nanomaterials including metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, and carbon-based nanomaterials. These processes involve natural sources that contain bioactive compounds that act as reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents for the formation and stabilization of nanomaterials. This study reports the green synthesis of CdS and CdS/rGO nanocomposites using Lactobacillus bacteria. The UV-visible spectrophotometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra confirm the synthesis of the nanocomposite. The electrochemical characterization using cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry, and EIS revealed that the CdS/rGO nanocomposites showed a higher electron transfer rate compared with CdS nanoparticles, indicating the potential of the nanocomposites for biosensing applications. The zone of inhibition revealed significant antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus for both CdS nanoparticles and CdS/rGO nanocomposites. Additionally, CdS/rGO nanoparticles exhibited high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue dye. Overall, this study demonstrates that the synthesized CdS and CdS/rGO nanocomposites have good electrochemical properties, photocatalytic, and antimicrobial activity and, therefore, can be employed for various applications such as biosensing, photocatalysis, and antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Palak Sharma
- NIMS Institute of Allied Medical Sciences and Technology, NIMS University, Jaipur 303121, Rajasthan, India
| | - Nishant Kumar Choudhary
- NIMS Institute of Allied Medical Sciences and Technology, NIMS University, Jaipur 303121, Rajasthan, India
| | - Raju Khan
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ayush Gupta
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal 462020, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Raj Kumar Sen
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Harish Chandra Prasad
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Mohammad Ashiq
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Parihar A, Malviya S, Khan R, Kaushik A, Mostafavi E. COVID-19 associated thyroid dysfunction and other comorbidities and its management using phytochemical-based therapeutics: a natural way. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:BSR20230293. [PMID: 37212057 PMCID: PMC10372472 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20230293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The present severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) mediated Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) and post-COVID-19 complications affect human life drastically. Patients who have been cured of COVID-19 infection are now experiencing post-COVID-19 associated comorbidities, which have increased mortality rates. The SARS-CoV-2 infection distresses the lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and various endocrine glands, including the thyroid. The emergence of variants which includes Omicron (B.1.1.529) and its lineages threaten the world severely. Among different therapeutic approaches, phytochemical-based therapeutics are not only cost-effective but also have lesser side effects. Recently a plethora of studies have shown the therapeutic efficacy of various phytochemicals for the treatment of COVID-19. Besides this, various phytochemicals have been found efficacious in treating several inflammatory diseases, including thyroid-related anomalies. The method of the phytochemical formulation is quick and facile and the raw materials for such herbal preparations are approved worldwide for human use against certain disease conditions. Owing to the advantages of phytochemicals, this review primarily discusses the COVID-19-related thyroid dysfunction and the role of key phytochemicals to deal with thyroid anomaly and post-COVID-19 complications. Further, this review shed light on the mechanism via which COVID-19 and its related complication affect organ function of the body, along with the mechanistic insight into the way by which phytochemicals could help to cure post-COVID-19 complications in thyroid patients. Considering the advantages offered by phytochemicals as a safer and cost-effective medication they can be potentially used to combat COVID-19-associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, MP, India
| | - Shivani Malviya
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Habib Ganj, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, MP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, U.S.A
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, U.S.A
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Parihar A, Kumar A, Panda U, Khan R, Parihar DS, Khan R. Cryopreservation: A Comprehensive Overview, Challenges, and Future Perspectives. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200285. [PMID: 36755194 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation is the most prevalent method of long-term cell preservation. Effective cell cryopreservation depends on freezing, adequate storage, and correct thawing techniques. Recent advances in cryopreservation techniques minimize the cellular damage which occurs while processing samples. This article focuses on the fundamentals of cryopreservation techniques and how they can be implemented in a variety of clinical settings. The article presents a brief description of each of the standard cryopreservation procedures, such as slow freezing and vitrification. Alongside that, the membrane permeating and nonpermeating cryoprotectants are briefly discussed, along with current advancements in the field of cryopreservation and variables influencing the cryopreservation process. The diminution of cryoinjury incurred by the cell via the resuscitation process will also be highlighted. In the end application of cryopreservation techniques in many fields, with a special emphasis on stem cell preservation techniques and current advancements presented. Furthermore, the challenges while implementing cryopreservation and the futuristic scope of the fields are illustrated herein. The content of this review sheds light on various ways to enhance the output of the cell preservation process and minimize cryoinjury while improving cell revival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462026, India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing (IIITD&M), Kancheepuram, 600127, India
| | - Udwesh Panda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing (IIITD&M), Kancheepuram, 600127, India
| | - Rukhsar Khan
- Department of Biosciences, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462026, India
| | | | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462026, India
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6
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Mehta PP, Fröhlich E, Khan R, Parihar A, Kumar CMS. Editorial: Advances in orally inhaled and nasal drug products (OINDPs). Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1185609. [PMID: 37063274 PMCID: PMC10102658 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1185609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Pradeep Mehta
- Cipla R&D Center (Vikhroli), Mumbai, India
- *Correspondence: Piyush Pradeep Mehta,
| | - Eleonore Fröhlich
- Center for Medical Research, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Raju Khan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal, India
| | - Arpana Parihar
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal, India
| | - C. M. Santosh Kumar
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Parihar A, Yadav S, Sadique MA, Ranjan P, Kumar N, Singhal A, Khare V, Khan R, Natarajan S, Srivastava AK. Internet‐of‐medical‐things integrated point‐of‐care biosensing devices for infectious diseases: Toward better preparedness for futuristic pandemics. Bioeng Transl Med 2023; 8:e10481. [DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR‐Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Shalu Yadav
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR‐Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Mohd Abubakar Sadique
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR‐Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Pushpesh Ranjan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR‐Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR‐Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Ayushi Singhal
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR‐Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Vedika Khare
- School of Nanotechnology, UTD, RGPV Campus Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR‐Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Sathish Natarajan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR‐Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
| | - Avanish K. Srivastava
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR‐Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI) Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad India
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Parihar A, Choudhary NK, Sharma P, Khan R. MXene-based aptasensor for the detection of aflatoxin in food and agricultural products. Environ Pollut 2023; 316:120695. [PMID: 36423887 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The detection of toxins that contaminate food needs highly sensitive and selective techniques to prevent substantial monitory loss. In this regard, various nanostructured material-enabled biosensors, have recently been developed to improve the detection of food toxins among them aflatoxin is the prevalent one. The biosensor-based detection of aflatoxin is quick, cheaper, and needs less skilled personnel, therefore overcoming the shortcomings of conventional techniques such as LC/MS-MS, HPLC, and ELISA assays. 2D MXenes manifest as an efficient material for biosensing due to their desirable biocompatibility, magnificent mechanical strength, easiness of surface functionalization, and tuneable optical and electronic features. Contrary to this, aptamers as biorecognition elements (BREs) possess high selectivity, sensitivity, and ease of synthesis when compared to conventional BREs. In this review, we explored the most cutting-edge aptamer-based MXene-enabled biosensing technologies for the detection of the most poisonous mycotoxins (i.e., Aflatoxins) in food and environmental matrices. The discussion begins with the synthesis processes and surface functionalization/modification of MXenes. Computational approaches for designing aptasensors and advanced data analysis based on artificial intelligence and machine learning with special emphasis over Internet-of-Thing integrated biosensing devices has been presented. Besides, the advantages of aptasensors over conventional methods along with their limitations have been briefed. Their benefits, drawbacks, and future potential are discussed concerning their analytical performance, utility, and on-site adaptability. Additionally, next-generation MXene-enabled biosensing technologies that provide end users with simple handling and improved sensitivity and selectivity have been emphasized. Owing to massive applicability, economic/commercial potential of MXene in current and future perspective have been highlighted. Finally, the existing difficulties are scrutinized and a roadmap for developing sophisticated biosensing technologies to detect toxins in various samples in the future is projected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, MP, India.
| | - Nishant Kumar Choudhary
- NIMS Institute of Allied Medical Science and Technology, NIMS University, Jaipur, 303121, Rajasthan, India
| | - Palak Sharma
- NIMS Institute of Allied Medical Science and Technology, NIMS University, Jaipur, 303121, Rajasthan, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, MP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Pal M, Muinao T, Parihar A, Roy DK, Boruah HPD, Mahindroo N, Khan R. Biosensors based detection of novel biomarkers associated with COVID-19: Current progress and future promise. Biosens Bioelectron X 2022; 12:100281. [PMID: 36405494 PMCID: PMC9661549 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosx.2022.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The pandemic situation of COVID-19 has caused global alarm in health care, devastating loss of lives, strangled economy, and paralysis of normal livelihood. The high inter-individual transmission rate created havoc in the global community. Although tremendous efforts are pitching in from across the globe to understand this disease, the clinical features seemed to have a wide range including fever, cough, and fatigue are the prominent features. Congestion, rhinorrhea, sore throat, and diarrhea are other less common features observed. The challenge of this disease lies in the difficulty in maneuvering the clinical course causing severe complications. One of the major causative factors for multi-organ failure in patients with severe COVID-19 complications is systemic vasculitis and cytokine-mediated coagulation disorders. Hence, effective markers trailing the disease severity and disease prognosis are urgently required for prompt medical treatment. In this review article, we have emphasized currently identified inflammatory, hematological, immunological, and biochemical biomarkers of COVID-19. We also discussed currently available biosensors for the detection of COVID-19-associated biomarkers & risk factors and the detection methods as well as their performances. These could be effective tools for rapid and more promising diagnoses in the current pandemic situation. Effective biomarkers and their rapid, scalable, & sensitive detection might be beneficial for the prevention of serious complications and the clinical management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mintu Pal
- Biotechnology Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Thingreila Muinao
- Biotechnology Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
| | - Arpana Parihar
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, MP, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Roy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, Kolkata, 700109, India
| | - Hari Prasanna Deka Boruah
- Biotechnology Group, Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NEIST Campus, Jorhat, Assam, 785006, India
- Government Model College, Kaziranga, Golaghat, Assam, 785609, India
| | - Neeraj Mahindroo
- School of Pharmacy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411038, India
| | - Raju Khan
- CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, MP, India
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Parihar A, Ahmed SS, Sharma P, Choudhary NK, Akter F, Ali MA, Sonia ZF, Khan R. Plant-based bioactive molecules for targeting of endoribonuclease using steered molecular dynamic simulation approach: a highly conserved therapeutic target against variants of SARS-CoV-2. Molecular Simulation 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2022.2113811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal, India
| | - Sayeda Samina Ahmed
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Palak Sharma
- NIMS Institute of Allied Medical Science and Technology, NIMS University, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Farjana Akter
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ackas Ali
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Zannatul Ferdous Sonia
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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11
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Parihar A, Pandita V, Khan R. 3D printed human organoids: High throughput system for drug screening and testing in current COVID-19 pandemic. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:2669-2688. [PMID: 35765706 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In the current pandemic, scenario the world is facing a huge shortage of effective drugs and other prophylactic medicine to treat patients which created havoc in several countries with poor resources. With limited demand and supply of effective drugs, researchers rushed to repurpose the existing approved drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. The process of drug screening and testing is very costly and requires several steps for validation and treatment efficacy evaluation ranging from in-vitro to in-vivo setups. After these steps, a clinical trial is mandatory for the evaluation of treatment efficacy and side effects in humans. These processes enhance the overall cost and sometimes the lead molecule show adverse effects in humans and the trial ends up in the final stages. Recently with the advent of 3D organoid culture which mimics the human tissue exactly the process of drug screening and testing can be done in a faster and cost-effective manner. Further 3D organoids prepared from stems cells taken from individuals can be beneficial for personalized drug therapy which could save millions of lives. This review discussed approaches and techniques for the synthesis of 3D-printed human organoids for drug screening. The key findings of the usage of organoids for personalized medicine for the treatment of COVID-19 have been discussed. In the end, the key challenges for the wide applicability of human organoids for drug screening with prospects of future orientation have been included. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, MP, India
| | - Vasundhara Pandita
- Department of Biosciences, Barkatullah University, Habib Ganj, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462026, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, MP, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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12
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Parihar A, Dube A. Structural alterations in cell organelles induced by photodynamic treatment with chlorin p 6 -histamine conjugate in human oral carcinoma cells probed by 3D fluorescence microscopy. LUMINESCENCE 2022. [PMID: 35698308 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the intracellular cell organelle's structural alterations after photodynamic treatment with chlorin p6 -histamine conjugate (Cp6 -his) in human oral cancer cells. Herein, the cells were treated with Cp6 -his (10 μm) and counterstained with organelle-specific fluorescence probes to find the site of intracellular localization using confocal microscopy. For photodynamic therapy (PDT), the cells were exposed to ~30 kJ/m2 red light (660 ± 20 nm) to induce ~90% cytotoxicity. We used the three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction approach to analyze the photodynamic damage to cell organelles. The result showed that Cp6 -his localized mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosomes but not in mitochondria and Golgi apparatus (GA). The 3D model revealed that in necrotic cells, PDT led to extensive fragmentation of ER and fragmentation and swelling of GA as well. Results suggest that the indirect damage to GA occurred due to loss of connection between ER and GA. Moreover, in damaged cells with no sign of necrosis, the perinuclear ER appeared condensed and surrounded by several small clumps at the peripheral region of the cell, and the GA was observed to form a single condensed structure. Since these structural changes were associated with apoptotic cell death, it is suggested that the necrotic and apoptotic death induced by PDT with Cp6 -his is determined by the severity of damage to ER and indirect damage to GA. The results suggest that the indirect damage to cell organelle apart from the sites of photosensitizer localization and the severity of damage at the organelle level contribute significantly to the mode of cell death in PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Bhopal, India
| | - Alok Dube
- Laser Biomedical Applications Division, Raja Ramanna Center for Advanced Technology Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Parihar A, Sonia ZF, Akter F, Ali MA, Hakim FT, Hossain MS. Phytochemicals-based targeting RdRp and main protease of SARS-CoV-2 using docking and steered molecular dynamic simulation: A promising therapeutic approach for Tackling COVID-19. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105468. [PMID: 35390745 PMCID: PMC8964014 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of people worldwide and caused substantial socio-economic losses. Few successful vaccine candidates have been approved against SARS-CoV-2; however, their therapeutic efficacy against the mutated strains of the virus remains questionable. Furthermore, the limited supply of vaccines and promising antiviral drugs have created havoc in the present scenario. Plant-based phytochemicals (bioactive molecules) are promising because of their low side effects and high therapeutic value. In this study, we aimed to screen for suitable phytochemicals with higher therapeutic value using the two most crucial proteins of SARS-CoV-2, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and main protease (Mpro). We used computational tools such as molecular docking and steered molecular dynamics simulations to gain insights into the different types of interactions and estimated the relative binding forces between the phytochemicals and their respective targets. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that not only involves a search for a therapeutic bioactive molecule but also sheds light on the mechanisms underlying target inhibition in terms of calculations of force and work needed to extractthe ligand from the pocket of its target. The complexes showing higher binding forces were subjected to 200 ns molecular dynamic simulations to check the stability of the ligand inside the binding pocket. Our results suggested that isoskimmiwallin and terflavin A are potential inhibitors of RdRp, whereas isoquercitrin and isoorientin are the lead molecules against Mpro. Collectively, our findings could potentially aid in the development of novel therapeutics against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, MP, India,Corresponding author
| | - Zannatul Ferdous Sonia
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Farjana Akter
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ackas Ali
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Fuad Taufiqul Hakim
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
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Kumar A, Parihar A, Panda U, Parihar DS. Microfluidics-Based Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) Devices in Dealing with Waves of COVID-19 Pandemic: The Emerging Solution. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022; 5:2046-2068. [PMID: 35473316 PMCID: PMC9063993 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in microfluidics-based point-of-care testing (POCT) technology such as paper, array, and beads have shown promising results for diagnosing various infectious diseases. The fast and timely detection of viral infection has proven to be a critical step for deciding the therapeutic outcome in the current COVID-19 pandemic, which in turn not only enhances the patient survival rate but also reduces the disease-associated comorbidities. In the present scenario, rapid, noninvasive detection of the virus using low cost and high throughput microfluidics-based POCT devices embraces the advantages over existing diagnostic technologies, for which a centralized lab facility, expensive instruments, sample pretreatment, and skilled personnel are required. Microfluidic-based multiplexed POCT devices can be a boon for clinical diagnosis in developing countries that lacks a centralized health care system and resources. The microfluidic devices can be used for disease diagnosis and exploited for the development and testing of drug efficacy for disease treatment in model systems. The havoc created by the second wave of COVID-19 led several countries' governments to the back front. The lack of diagnostic kits, medical devices, and human resources created a huge demand for a technology that can be remotely operated with single touch and data that can be analyzed on a phone. Recent advancements in information technology and the use of smartphones led to a paradigm shift in the development of diagnostic devices, which can be explored to deal with the current pandemic situation. This review sheds light on various approaches for the development of cost-effective microfluidics POCT devices. The successfully used microfluidic devices for COVID-19 detection under clinical settings along with their pros and cons have been discussed here. Further, the integration of microfluidic devices with smartphones and wireless network systems using the Internet-of-things will enable readers for manufacturing advanced POCT devices for remote disease management in low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Information Technology Design & Manufacturing
Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, India
| | - Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials,
CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute
(AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026,
India
| | - Udwesh Panda
- Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Indian Institute of Information Technology Design & Manufacturing
Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, India
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Munjal A, Khandia R, Paladhi S, Pandey M, Parihar A, Pathe C, Rajukumar K, Bin Emran T, Alqahtani T, Alqahtani AM, Alamri AH, Chidambara K, Dhama K. Evaluating the Effects of Hypotensive Drug Valsartan on Angiogenesis and Associated Breast Ductal Carcinoma Cell Metastasis. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.817.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Parihar A, Singhal A, Kumar N, Khan R, Khan MA, Srivastava AK. Next-Generation Intelligent MXene-Based Electrochemical Aptasensors for Point-of-Care Cancer Diagnostics. Nanomicro Lett 2022; 14:100. [PMID: 35403935 PMCID: PMC8995416 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-022-00845-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Delayed diagnosis of cancer using conventional diagnostic modalities needs to be addressed to reduce the mortality rate of cancer. Recently, 2D nanomaterial-enabled advanced biosensors have shown potential towards the early diagnosis of cancer. The high surface area, surface functional groups availability, and excellent electrical conductivity of MXene make it the 2D material of choice for the fabrication of advanced electrochemical biosensors for disease diagnostics. MXene-enabled electrochemical aptasensors have shown great promise for the detection of cancer biomarkers with a femtomolar limit of detection. Additionally, the stability, ease of synthesis, good reproducibility, and high specificity offered by MXene-enabled aptasensors hold promise to be the mainstream diagnostic approach. In this review, the design and fabrication of MXene-based electrochemical aptasensors for the detection of cancer biomarkers have been discussed. Besides, various synthetic processes and useful properties of MXenes which can be tuned and optimized easily and efficiently to fabricate sensitive biosensors have been elucidated. Further, futuristic sensing applications along with challenges will be deliberated herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India
| | - Ayushi Singhal
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Raju Khan
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
| | - Mohd. Akram Khan
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India
| | - Avanish K. Srivastava
- grid.465028.d0000 0000 9013 9057Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026 MP India ,grid.469887.c0000 0004 7744 2771Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002 India
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Malviya S, Parihar A, Parihar DS, Khan R. Natural products as a therapy to combat against SARS-CoV-2 virus infection. Computational Approaches for Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Designing to Mitigate SARS-CoV-2 Infection 2022. [PMCID: PMC9300459 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-91172-6.00017-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) first reported in December 2019, has become serious global life-threatening disease that has created huge health care crises. Despite huge number of clinical trials for drug and vaccine, only few successful candidates are in market, which led to problem of demand and supply. The low- and middle-income countries faces major health crisis due to financial issues. Studies to search plant originated natural bioactive molecules for prophylactic and therapeutic of COVID-19 infection has gained considerable attention, due to their low-cost, easy availability and lesser side effects. Natural products and herbal medicine have long been known for their role in treating respiratory infections and many of them have been approved/under trial as drugs or over-the-counter food additives to lessen the symptoms. It is undisputable fact that herbal/natural molecules’ medicine is still a promising resource and used as precursor for drug discovery to search prospective prophylactic candidate against COVID-19. These bioactive compounds bind with potential therapeutic target of SARS-COV-2 such as ACE II, Spike protein, TMPRESS, RdRp, Main proteases and endoribonuclease and may prevent or at least slow down the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, several numbers of clinical trials have registered to investigate the potentials of natural product to halt disease progression. The main aim of present chapter is to discuss the potential role of natural molecules which can be used as therapeutic drugs for treatment of COVID-19 and thus helpful to curb down the mortality rate.
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Parihar A, Pandita V, Kumar A, Parihar DS, Puranik N, Bajpai T, Khan R. 3D Printing: Advancement in Biogenerative Engineering to Combat Shortage of Organs and Bioapplicable Materials. Regen Eng Transl Med 2022; 8:173-199. [PMID: 34230892 PMCID: PMC8252697 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Organ or cell transplantation is medically evaluated for end-stage failure saving or extending the lives of thousands of patients who are suffering from organ failure disorders. The unavailability of adequate organs for transplantation to meet the existing demand is a major challenge in the medical field. This led to day-day-increase in the number of patients on transplant waiting lists as well as in the number of patients dying while on the queue. Recently, technological advancements in the field of biogenerative engineering have the potential to regenerate tissues and, in some cases, create new tissues and organs. In this context, major advances and innovations are being made in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine which have a huge impact on the scientific community is three-dimensional bioprinting (3D bioprinting) of tissues and organs. Besides this, the decellularization of organs and using this as a scaffold for generating new organs through the recellularization process shows promising results. This review discussed about current approaches for tissue and organ engineering including methods of scaffold designing, recent advances in 3D bioprinting, organs regenerated successfully using 3D printing, and extended application of 3D bioprinting technique in the field of medicine. Besides this, information about commercially available 3D printers has also been included in this article. Lay Summary Today's need for organs for the transplantation process in order to save a patient's life or to enhance the survival rate of diseased one is the prime concern among the scientific community. Recent, advances in the field of biogenerative engineering have the potential to regenerate tissues and create organs compatible with the patient's body. In this context, major advances and innovations are being made in the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine which have a huge impact on the scientific community is three-dimensional bioprinting (3D bioprinting) of tissues and organs. Besides this, the decellularization of organs and using this as a scaffold for generating new organs through the recellularization process shows promising results. This review dealt with the current approaches for tissue and organ engineering including methods of scaffold designing, recent advances in 3D bioprinting, organs regenerated successfully using 3D printing, and extended application of 3D bioprinting technique in the field of medicine. Furthermore, information about commercially available 3D printers has also been included in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026 India
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road Bhopal, 462026 India
| | - Vasundhara Pandita
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026 India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Design & Manufacturing (IIITD&M), Kancheepuram, 600127 India
| | - Dipesh Singh Parihar
- Engineering College Tuwa , At. & Post. Tuwa, Taluka Godhra, Dist. Panchmahal, Godhra, Gujarat 388713 India
| | - Nidhi Puranik
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462026 India
| | - Tapas Bajpai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, 302017 India
| | - Raju Khan
- Microfluidics & MEMS Centre, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road Bhopal, 462026 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-AMPRI, Bhopal, 462026 India
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Singhal A, Parihar A, Kumar N, Khan R. High throughput molecularly imprinted polymers based electrochemical nanosensors for point-of-care diagnostics of COVID-19. Mater Lett 2022; 306:130898. [PMID: 34566219 PMCID: PMC8450140 DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2021.130898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The importance of early diagnosis of infectious disease has been revealed well by the COVID-19 pandemic. The current methods for testing SARS-CoV-2 mainly utilize biorecognition elements. The process of production of these biorecognition elements is not only tedious, time-consuming but also costly. The molecularly imprinted polymers recently have gained considerable attention as they are stable and also offer high selectivity and specificity than conventional labels. The present review discussed the MIPs-based electrochemical nano-sensors diagnostic of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayushi Singhal
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal-462026, MP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal-462026, MP, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal-462026, MP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal-462026, MP, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Khan MT, Islam MJ, Parihar A, Islam R, Jerin TJ, Dhote R, Ali MA, Laura FK, Halim MA. Immunoinformatics and molecular modeling approach to design universal multi-epitope vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. Inform Med Unlocked 2021; 24:100578. [PMID: 33898733 PMCID: PMC8057924 DOI: 10.1016/j.imu.2021.100578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmittable and pathogenic human coronavirus that caused a pandemic situation of acute respiratory syndrome, called COVID-19, which has posed a significant threat to global health security. The aim of the present study is to computationally design an effective peptide-based multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) against SARS-CoV-2. The overall model quality of the vaccine candidate, immunogenicity, allergenicity, and physiochemical analysis have been conducted and validated. Molecular dynamics studies confirmed the stability of the candidate vaccine. The docked complexes during the simulation revealed a strong and stable binding interactions of MEV with human and mice toll-like receptors (TLR), TLR3 and TLR4. Finally, candidate vaccine codons have been optimized for their in silico cloning in E. coli expression system, to confirm increased expression. The proposed MEV can be a potential candidate against SARS-CoV-2, but experimental validation is needed to ensure its safety and immunogenicity status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tahsin Khan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jahirul Islam
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Arpana Parihar
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462026, India
| | - Rahatul Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Tarhima Jahan Jerin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Rupali Dhote
- Department of Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462026, India
| | - Md Ackas Ali
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Fariha Khan Laura
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A Halim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, 16 Tejkunipara, Tejgaon, Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
- Department of Physical Sciences, University of Arkansas-Fort Smith, Fort Smith, AR, USA
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21
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Parihar A, Shrivastava R, Dube A. Interaction of Cp6-his and Cp6 with bovine serum albumin and liver microsomes: Spectroscopic and molecular docking studies. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpap.2020.100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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22
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Ranjan P, Parihar A, Jain S, Kumar N, Dhand C, Murali S, Mishra D, Sanghi SK, Chaurasia JP, Srivastava AK, Khan R. Biosensor-based diagnostic approaches for various cellular biomarkers of breast cancer: A comprehensive review. Anal Biochem 2020; 610:113996. [PMID: 33080213 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pushpesh Ranjan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-AMPRI, Bhopal, 462026, India
| | - Arpana Parihar
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462026, India
| | - Surbhi Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462026, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-AMPRI, Bhopal, 462026, India
| | - Chetna Dhand
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, India
| | - S Murali
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, India
| | - Deepti Mishra
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, India
| | - Sunil K Sanghi
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, India
| | - J P Chaurasia
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, India
| | - Avanish K Srivastava
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, India.
| | - Raju Khan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal, 462026, India.
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Parihar A, Ranjan P, Sanghi SK, Srivastava AK, Khan R. Point-of-Care Biosensor-Based Diagnosis of COVID-19 Holds Promise to Combat Current and Future Pandemics. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2020; 3:7326-7343. [PMID: 35019474 PMCID: PMC7571308 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and rapid detection of viruses plays an extremely important role in disease prevention, diagnosis, and environmental monitoring. Early screening of viral infection among the population has the potential to combat the spread of infection. However, the traditional methods of virus detection being used currently, such as plate culturing and quantitative RT-PCR, give promising results, but they are time-consuming and require expert analysis and costly equipment and reagents; therefore, they are not affordable by people in low socio-economic groups in developing countries. Further, mass or bulk testing chosen by many governments to tackle the pandemic situation has led to severe shortages of testing kits and reagents and hence are affecting the demand and supply chain drastically. We tried to include all the reported current scenario-based biosensors such as electrochemical, optical, and microfluidics, which have the potential to replace mainstream diagnostic methods and therefore could pave the way to combat COVID-19. Apart from this, we have also provided information on commercially available biosensors for detection of SARS-CoV-2 along with the challenges in development of better diagnostic approaches. It is therefore expected that the content of this review will help researchers to design and develop more sensitive advanced commercial biosensor devices for early diagnosis of viral infection, which can open up avenues for better and more specific therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Department of Genetics,
Barkatullah University, Bhopal,
Madhya Pradesh - 462026, India
| | - Pushpesh Ranjan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and
Processes Research Institute, CSIR-AMPRI,
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh - 462026, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative
Research (AcSIR), CSIR-AMPRI, Bhopal,
Madhya Pradesh - 462026, India
| | - Sunil K. Sanghi
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and
Processes Research Institute, CSIR-AMPRI,
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh - 462026, India
| | - Avanish K. Srivastava
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and
Processes Research Institute, CSIR-AMPRI,
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh - 462026, India
| | - Raju Khan
- CSIR - Advanced Materials and
Processes Research Institute, CSIR-AMPRI,
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh - 462026, India
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Rathore R, Parihar A, Dwivedi DK, Dwivedi AK, Kohli N, Garg RK, Chandra A. Predictive Models in Differentiating Vertebral Lesions Using Multiparametric MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2017; 38:2391-2398. [PMID: 29025721 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Conventional MR imaging has high sensitivity but limited specificity in differentiating various vertebral lesions. We aimed to assess the ability of multiparametric MR imaging in differentiating spinal vertebral lesions and to develop statistical models for predicting the probability of malignant vertebral lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred twenty-six consecutive patients underwent multiparametric MRI (conventional MR imaging, diffusion-weighted MR imaging, and in-phase/opposed-phase imaging) for vertebral lesions. Vertebral lesions were divided into 3 subgroups: infectious, noninfectious benign, and malignant. The cutoffs for apparent diffusion coefficient (expressed as 10-3 mm2/s) and signal intensity ratio values were calculated, and 3 predictive models were established for differentiating these subgroups. RESULTS Of the lesions of the 126 patients, 62 were infectious, 22 were noninfectious benign, and 42 were malignant. The mean ADC was 1.23 ± 0.16 for infectious, 1.41 ± 0.31 for noninfectious benign, and 1.01 ± 0.22 mm2/s for malignant lesions. The mean signal intensity ratio was 0.80 ± 0.13 for infectious, 0.75 ± 0.19 for noninfectious benign, and 0.98 ± 0.11 for the malignant group. The combination of ADC and signal intensity ratio showed strong discriminatory ability to differentiate lesion type. We found an area under the curve of 0.92 for the predictive model in differentiating infectious from malignant lesions and an area under the curve of 0.91 for the predictive model in differentiating noninfectious benign from malignant lesions. On the basis of the mean ADC and signal intensity ratio, we established automated statistical models that would be helpful in differentiating vertebral lesions. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that multiparametric MRI differentiates various vertebral lesions, and we established prediction models for the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rathore
- From the Departments of Radiodiagnosis (R.R., A.P., D.K.D., N.K.)
| | - A Parihar
- From the Departments of Radiodiagnosis (R.R., A.P., D.K.D., N.K.)
| | - D K Dwivedi
- From the Departments of Radiodiagnosis (R.R., A.P., D.K.D., N.K.)
| | - A K Dwivedi
- Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology (A.K.D.), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, Texas
| | - N Kohli
- From the Departments of Radiodiagnosis (R.R., A.P., D.K.D., N.K.)
| | | | - A Chandra
- Neurosurgery (A.C.), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Singh S, Murillo G, Chen D, Singh A, Singh S, Singh A, Mehta R, Parihar A. Abstract P6-12-13: Single domain antibody (SBT-100) inhibits growth of human HER2+ and triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) in xenografts by binding STAT3 and P-STAT3. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p6-12-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
SBT-100 is a single domain antibody (sdAb), developed by Singh Biotechnology, that binds unphosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and phosphorylated STAT3 (P-STAT3). SBT-100 is approximately 13 kD or less than 1/10th the size of a human IgG molecule, and is able to cross the cell membrane to bind intracellular STAT3 and P-STAT3. This in turn inhibits its effects on genes that promote malignant behavior of cancer cells. SBT-100 has a short serum half-life but a long biological half-life. Since certain types of human breast cancers express P-STAT3, we wanted to determine if SBT-100 could inhibit the growth of human breast cancers in vitro and in vivo by studying its effects on MCF-7 (ER+/PR+), BT474 (HER2+), and MDA-MB-231 (TNBC) cells.
BACKGROUND: Many different types of human cancers (solid tumors, leukemias, and lymphomas) are dependent on constitutive expression of (P-STAT3) for their malignant phenotype. Growth factors, tyrosine kinase receptors, cytokines (IL-6, IL-11, IL-12, IL-23), BCR-ABL, and Src are some ways that STAT3 can be activated. In turn P-STAT3 turns on genes such as Cyclin D1 & D3, MMPs, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, survivin, VEGF, and HIF-1 alpha. Constitutive expression of P-STAT3 has been shown to promote cancer cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, immune suppression, and metastasis. Additionally there is increasing evidence suggesting that unphosphorylated STAT3 contributes to malignant phenotype of cancers. STAT3 is also important for the survival of cancer stem cells as well as for some human breast cancers.
METHODS: Immunoprecipitation and Western blot analyses were carried out to test whether SBT-100 binds cytoplasmic STAT3 and P-STAT3 in various malignant cell lines (e.g., MDA-MB-231, PANC-1, DU145, and HeLa). MTT assays were done to determine if SBT-100 could suppress the growth of different types of human breast cancers in vitro. Xenograft cancer models using ER+/PR+ (MCF-7), HER2+ (BT474), and TNBC (MDA-MB-231) cancer cells were used to evaluate treatment with SBT-100 1mg/kg/BID (IV and/or IP route).
RESULTS: Immunoprecipitation and Western blot studies demonstrated that SBT-100 binds to both STAT3 and P-STAT3 in human cancers cells (MDA-MB-231, PANC-1, DU145, and HeLa). In a three day MTT assay, at least 90% growth suppression was achieved for all three subtypes of human breast cancer, which is highly significant. In the xenograft cancer models, SBT-100 (1mg/kg/BID) treatment for 28 days, yield growth suppression as follows: MDA-MB-231 44.8% (p<0.05) versus its control group and BT474 52% (p<0.07). While the MCF-7 xenograft cancer model showed no suppression.
CONCLUSION: Singh Biotechnology's novel sdAb, SBT-100 suppresses growth of TNBC and HER2+ human breast cancers in vivo and suppresses growth of ER+/PR+, HER2+, and TNBC cells in vitro. The most significant anti-cancer effects of SBT-100 is observed against human TNBC.
Citation Format: Singh S, Murillo G, Chen D, Singh A, Singh S, Singh A, Mehta R, Parihar A. Single domain antibody (SBT-100) inhibits growth of human HER2+ and triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) in xenografts by binding STAT3 and P-STAT3 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2016 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-12-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Singh
- Singh Biotechnology, Tampa, FL; IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL; Creative Biolabs, Shirley, NY
| | - G Murillo
- Singh Biotechnology, Tampa, FL; IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL; Creative Biolabs, Shirley, NY
| | - D Chen
- Singh Biotechnology, Tampa, FL; IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL; Creative Biolabs, Shirley, NY
| | - A Singh
- Singh Biotechnology, Tampa, FL; IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL; Creative Biolabs, Shirley, NY
| | - S Singh
- Singh Biotechnology, Tampa, FL; IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL; Creative Biolabs, Shirley, NY
| | - A Singh
- Singh Biotechnology, Tampa, FL; IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL; Creative Biolabs, Shirley, NY
| | - R Mehta
- Singh Biotechnology, Tampa, FL; IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL; Creative Biolabs, Shirley, NY
| | - A Parihar
- Singh Biotechnology, Tampa, FL; IIT Research Institute, Chicago, IL; Creative Biolabs, Shirley, NY
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Jain R, Manik P, Chopra J, Sharma P, Parihar A, Srivastava A. The evaluation of effect of hydration status on renal dimensions by ultrasonography in normal young adults. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Junewar V, Verma R, Sankhwar PL, Garg RK, Singh MK, Malhotra HS, Sharma PK, Parihar A. Neuroimaging features and predictors of outcome in eclamptic encephalopathy: a prospective observational study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 35:1728-34. [PMID: 24722310 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is associated with eclampsia. We assessed the distribution and nature of typical and atypical cranial MR imaging findings in these patients and their correlation with clinical and laboratory data and predictors of outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five clinically confirmed cases of eclampsia were included in this prospective observational study. Subjects with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome (n = 9) and pre-existing neurologic conditions (1 with cerebral solitary cysticercus granuloma) were excluded. Patients underwent blood investigations and cranial MR imaging. RESULTS Twenty-seven patients had abnormal while 8 had normal MR imaging findings. Involvement of brain regions was as follows: frontal, 88.89%; temporal, 44.44%; parietal, 100%; occipital, 100%; deep gray matter, 29.63%; cerebellum, 22.22%; brain stem, 14.81%. Cytotoxic edema was present in 33.33% of cases; 66.67% of patients had mild posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; 25.92% had moderate posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; and 7.41% had severe posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Abnormal neuroimaging findings were significantly associated with altered sensorium; visual disturbances; status epilepticus; and elevated serum creatinine, uric acid, and lactate dehydrogenase (P=.006, P=.018, P=.015, P=.019, P=.003, and P=.001, respectively). Serum creatinine, uric acid, and lactate dehydrogenase values and the presence of moderate or severe posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome were significantly associated with mortality (P<.001, P<.001, P=.009, and P=.027, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Neuroimaging in eclampsia demonstrates a higher incidence of atypical distributions and cytotoxic edema than previously thought. Altered sensorium; visual disturbances; status epilepticus; and elevated serum uric acid, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine are associated with abnormal neuroimaging findings. Higher serum creatinine, uric acid, and lactate dehydrogenase levels and moderate and severe forms of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome are possible predictors of poor outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Junewar
- From the Departments of Neurology (V.J., R.V., R.K.G., M.K.S., H.S.M., P.K.S.)
| | - R Verma
- From the Departments of Neurology (V.J., R.V., R.K.G., M.K.S., H.S.M., P.K.S.)
| | | | - R K Garg
- From the Departments of Neurology (V.J., R.V., R.K.G., M.K.S., H.S.M., P.K.S.)
| | - M K Singh
- From the Departments of Neurology (V.J., R.V., R.K.G., M.K.S., H.S.M., P.K.S.)
| | - H S Malhotra
- From the Departments of Neurology (V.J., R.V., R.K.G., M.K.S., H.S.M., P.K.S.)
| | - P K Sharma
- From the Departments of Neurology (V.J., R.V., R.K.G., M.K.S., H.S.M., P.K.S.)
| | - A Parihar
- Radiodiagnosis (A.P.), King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Chaudhary SC, Sawlani KK, Atam V, Parihar A, Modi A, Singh K. Heart in the brain. J Assoc Physicians India 2014; 62:46-47. [PMID: 25327092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Parihar A, Dube A, Gupta PK. Photodynamic treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma in hamster cheek pouch model using chlorin p6-histamine conjugate. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:79-86. [PMID: 23465376 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2012.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Singh N, Singh DK, Parihar A, Singh R. Disseminated cysticercosis: rare manifestation of a common disease. Case Reports 2012; 2012:bcr-2012-007876. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-007876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
Statins are widely used cholesterol-lowering agents that exert cholesterol-independent effects including antioxidative. The present study delineates the effects of statins, atorvastatin, and simvastatin on oxidative stress and functions of mitochondria that are the primary cellular sources of oxidative stress. In isolated rat liver mitochondria, both the statins prevented calcium-induced cytochrome c release, lipid peroxidation, and opening of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MPT). Both the statins decreased the activity of mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase (mtNOS), lowered the intramitochondrial ionized calcium, and increased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Our findings suggest that statins lower intramitochondrial ionized calcium that decreases mtNOS activity, lowers oxidative stress, prevents MPT opening, and prevents the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria. These results provide a novel framework for understanding the antioxidative properties of statins and their effects on mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Parihar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Girls Degree College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - MS Parihar
- School of Studies in Biotechnology and Zoology, Vikram University, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - WJ Zenebe
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - P Ghafourifar
- Tri-State Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Huntington, WV, USA
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Singh SK, Sinha M, Singh VK, Parihar A, Srivastava C, Ojha BK, Chandra A. A randomized study of twist drill versus burr hole craniostomy for treatment of chronic subdural hematomas in 100 patients. The Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-0508(11)80005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
A 23 year old female presented with dyspnea on exertion and absent pulses in the left upper limb. She had prior history of two first trimester abortions and pre-eclampsia with premature delivery. A Doppler examination had revealed left subclavian and axillary artery thrombosis for which she had been given warfarin six months previously. She was admitted and investigated. Patient had low positive aCL IgG antibody, positive antibeta2gp1 antibody, negative lupus anticoagulant and negative ANA. Patient had cardiomegaly and her echocardiography showed severe aortic regurgitation, moderate mitral regurgitation and moderate pulmonary artery hypertension with poor ejection fraction with normal aortic root. A diagnosis of primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome with valvular involvement with dilated cardiomyopathy was entertained. A CT angiogram of the aorta revealed narrowing and irregularity of the aorta and its multiple branches suggestive of type III Takayasu's arteritis. Temporal relationship suggests development of aorto-arteritis secondary to APS but simultaneous presence of both these disorders in this patient cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dhaon
- Department of Rheumatology, CSMMU, Lucknow, UP, India
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Parihar A, Dube A, Gupta P. Tumor selectivity and photodynamic treatment efficacy of chlorin p6-histamine conjugate in Hamster cheek pouch tumor model. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2011.03.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Parihar A, Tomar S, Phadke RV. Direct sac puncture and glue embolization of intraosseous AVM of the maxilla. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011; 40:749-52. [PMID: 21257292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Revised: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The authors report an intraosseous maxillary arteriovenous malformation (AVM) treated with direct sac injection of n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate and transarterial embolization. The case is presented because of its rarity and the efficacy of direct puncture glue embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Parihar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, India.
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Parihar A, Dube A, Gupta PK. Conjugation of chlorin p(6) to histamine enhances its cellular uptake and phototoxicity in oral cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2010; 68:359-69. [PMID: 20978762 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-010-1492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our previous studies in hamster cheek pouch model have shown that chlorin p (6) (Cp (6)), a chlorophyll derivative is a suitable photosensitizer for photodynamic treatment (PDT) of small tumors (<5 mm). However, for bigger tumors, the accumulation of Cp (6) was inadequate, which compromised the effectiveness of PDT. The purpose of present study was to investigate the possibility of improving the cellular uptake of Cp (6) by conjugating it to histamine, a biogenic amine that is known to modulate tumor growth and development via cell surface receptors. METHODS The conjugate of Cp (6) and histamine (Cp (6)-his) was prepared by carbodiimide coupling reaction. Cellular uptake, intracellular localization and cytotoxicity of both Cp (6) and its conjugate were investigated in two human oral cancer cell lines (4451 and NT8e). The percentage of necrotic and apoptotic cells after PDT were also estimated using Hoechst 33342-propidium iodide staining. RESULTS In both the cell line, the cellular uptake of Cp (6)-his was found to be ~10 times higher when compared to Cp (6). Histamine led to a slight increase in intracellular uptake of Cp (6)-his, whereas ranitidine, a histamine H2 receptor antagonist, and incubation at lower temperature (~15°C) led to its inhibition, suggesting that uptake of Cp (6)-his is receptor mediated. Results on western blot confirmed the presence of H2 receptor in both the cell line. Observations on intracellular localization revealed that unlike Cp (6), which localized on multiple sites, Cp (6)-his showed localization on the cell membrane and around the perinuclear region. Moreover, the phototoxicity induced by Cp (6)-his was ~4 times higher when compared to Cp (6) in both the cell lines. There was, however, no significant difference in the mode of cell death. CONCLUSION Results suggest that conjugating Cp (6) with histamine can help improve the effectiveness of PDT in oral cancer cells by enhancing its intracellular delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Parihar
- Laser Biomedical Applications and Instrumentation Division, Raja Ramanna Center for Advanced Technology, Indore, India
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Bhattacharyya A, Mittal S, Yadav RR, Jain K, Gupta B, Parihar A, Handique A, Jain K, Phadke RV. Endovascular management of infective intracranial aneurysms with acrylic glue. A report of two cases. Interv Neuroradiol 2009; 15:443-7. [PMID: 20465872 DOI: 10.1177/159101990901500412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Cerebral mycotic aneurysms (MAs) also called infective aneurysms, are uncommon and are usually encountered in patients with infective endocarditis. These aneurysms often present with intracranial hemorrhage. MAs may resolve on treatment with antibiotics alone. However prognosis with medical management alone is unpredictable. Good prognosis with surgery has been reported for single accessible ruptured MAs. However surgery is associated with significant morbidity. Endovascular treatment of MAs along with appropriate antibiotics is emerging as an acceptable option for these patients. We describe two cases of infective endocarditis complicated by ruptured MA treated successfully by liquid embolic glue material.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bhattacharyya
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Neurosurgery, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow, India -
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Vaijapurkar SG, Senwar KR, Hooda JS, Parihar A. The performance evaluation of gamma- and neutron-sensitive superheated emulsion (bubble) detectors. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2008; 130:285-290. [PMID: 18474517 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncn058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The superheated emulsion (bubble) detectors have been developed at Defence Laboratory, Jodhpur (DLJ), India, for measurement of gamma doses. The developed detectors have been tested at Radiation Safety and System Division (RSSD), Bhabha Atomic Research Center (BARC), Mumbai (India) and DLJ having ISO-17025 accredited facility for testing and calibration of Radiation Monitors. A series of experiments were conducted to determine the gamma and neutron sensitivity of these detectors, i.e. batch homogeneity, reproducibility, dose equivalent rate effect, gamma/neutron dose equivalent response, gamma/neutron energy response and change in gamma sensitivity as a function of temperature. All the results were within +/- 20% of themselves. It is observed that the response of the detector is dependent upon temperature. The recommended ideal working temperature range of the detector is 20-28 degrees C, but a temperature correction is required beyond approximately 30 masculineC. The temperature compensation may be possible up to 45 degrees C in improved version using specially prepared reversible thermo-sensitive polymer gel. The detector may have applications in radio-diagnosis, R&D laboratories, and health physics as well as an indicator of gamma radiation for dirty bomb to be useful for first responder in any radiological emergency.
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Parihar MS, Parihar A, Fujita M, Hashimoto M, Ghafourifar P. Mitochondrial association of alpha-synuclein causes oxidative stress. Cell Mol Life Sci 2008; 65:1272-84. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-008-7589-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Theodoropoulou K, Lethaby DR, Bradpiece HA, Lo TL, Parihar A. Direct trocar insertion technique: an alternative for creation of pneumoperitoneum. JSLS 2008; 12:156-8. [PMID: 18435888 PMCID: PMC3016192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The direct trocar insertion technique (DTI) for the creation of pneumoperitoneum has been described as an alternative to open and Veress needle (VN) techniques. This study assesses the safety and feasibility of direct trocar insertion without a pre-existing pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic procedures. METHODS From November 2001 to February 2006, we retrospectively studied 196 (146 women and 50 men) consecutive patients. A single consultant laparoscopic surgeon performed all operations. The mean patient age was 57 years (range, 22 to 81). The procedures included 186 laparoscopic cholecystectomies, 3 laparoscopic appendectomies, 1 laparoscopic Nissen, 5 laparoscopic groin hernia repairs, and 1 conversion to open surgery. RESULTS Creation of pneumoperitoneum with DTI was feasible in 99.5% of patients. No major complications were associated with the technique. Immediate minor postoperative complications included 1 (0.5%) wound infection and 3 (1.5%) hematomas. At mean follow-up of 23 months, 4 (2%) umbilical wound stitch granulomas and 1 (0.5%) incisional hernia from the umbilical port site were observed. CONCLUSION This study shows that that when performed by an experienced laparoscopic surgeon the direct trocar insertion technique is a safe and effective alternative for creation of pneumoperitoneum.
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Luthra G, Parihar A, Nath K, Jaiswal S, Prasad KN, Husain N, Husain M, Singh S, Behari S, Gupta RK. Comparative evaluation of fungal, tubercular, and pyogenic brain abscesses with conventional and diffusion MR imaging and proton MR spectroscopy. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 28:1332-8. [PMID: 17698537 PMCID: PMC7977670 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE It is difficult to differentiate the cause of brain abscesses with the use of CT and MR imaging. We did a comparative evaluation of pyogenic, tubercular, and fungal brain abscesses by using conventional, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and proton MR spectroscopy (PMRS) with an aim to define the unique features that may differentiate among the pyogenic, tubercular, and fungal brain abscesses. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis on 110 patients with surgically proved brain abscesses. Imaging studies included T2, T1, postcontrast T1, DWI, and PMRS. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the wall and cavity of the abscesses were quantified. The morphologic, physiologic, and metabolite features of pyogenic (n=91), tubercular (n=11), and fungal (n=8) abscesses were compared. RESULTS The pyogenic abscesses had smooth (55/91) and lobulated (36/91) walls, whereas the tubercular abscesses had smooth (4/11), lobulated (6/11), or crenated walls (1/11) with no intracavitary projections. The fungal abscesses showed irregular walls (lobulated 4/8, crenated 4/8) with intracavitary projections (8/8). The wall as well as the cavity showed low ADC in the pyogenic and tubercular abscesses. In the fungal abscesses, the wall and projections showed low ADC (8/8); however, the cavity itself showed high ADC (8/8). PMRS showed cytosolic amino acids (89/91), acetate (25/91), and succinate (18/91) in the pyogenic abscesses, whereas lipid/lactate (11/11) was seen in the tubercular abscesses. The fungal abscesses showed lipid (4/8), lactate (7/8), amino acids (4/8), and multiple peaks between 3.6 and 3.8 ppm assigned to trehalose (5/8). CONCLUSION Based on the morphologic, ADC, and metabolite information, it may be possible to differentiate among the pyogenic, tubercular, and fungal brain abscesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Luthra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Shieh CC, Turner SC, Zhang XF, Milicic I, Parihar A, Jinkerson T, Wilkins J, Buckner SA, Gopalakrishnan M. A-272651, a nonpeptidic blocker of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels, modulates bladder smooth muscle contractility and neuronal action potentials. Br J Pharmacol 2007; 151:798-806. [PMID: 17519951 PMCID: PMC2014127 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0707278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channel (BK(Ca), K(Ca)1.1) links membrane excitability with intracellular Ca(2+) signaling and plays important roles in smooth muscle contraction, neuronal firing, and neuroendocrine secretion. This study reports the characterization of a novel BK(Ca) channel blocker, 2,4-dimethoxy-N-naphthalen-2-yl-benzamide (A-272651). EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH (86)Rb(+) efflux in HEK-293 cells expressing BK(Ca) was measured. Effects of A-272651 on BK(Ca) alpha- and BK(Ca) alphabeta1-mediated currents were evaluated by patch-clamp. Effects on contractility were assessed using low-frequency electrical field stimulated pig detrusor and spontaneously contracting guinea pig detrusor. Effects of A-272651 on neuronal activity were determined in rat small diameter dorsal root ganglia (DRG). KEY RESULTS A-272651 (10 microM) inhibited (86)Rb(+) efflux evoked by NS-1608 in HEK-293 cells expressing BK(Ca) currents. A-272651 concentration-dependently inhibited BK(Ca) currents with IC(50) values of 4.59 microM (Hill coefficient 1.04, measured at +40 mV), and 2.82 microM (Hill coefficient 0.89), respectively, for BK(Ca) alpha and BK(Ca) alphabeta1-mediated currents. Like iberiotoxin, A-272651 enhanced field stimulated twitch responses in pig detrusor and spontaneous contractions in guinea pig detrusor with EC(50) values of 4.05+/-0.05 and 37.95+/-0.12 microM, respectively. In capsaicin-sensitive DRG neurons, application of A-272651 increased action potential firing and prolonged action potential duration. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data demonstrate that A-272651 modulates smooth muscle contractility and neuronal firing properties. Unlike previously reported peptide BK(Ca) blockers, A-272651 represents one of the first small molecule BK(Ca) channel blockers that could serve as a useful tool for further characterization of BK(Ca) channels in physiological and pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C Shieh
- Neuroscience Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
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Phadke RV, Diwakar H, Mohan S, Parihar A, Singh T. Direct sac puncture and N-butyl cyanoacrylate embolization of medial canthal arteriovenous malformation supplied by the external carotid artery and the internal carotid artery branches. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 50:389-91. [PMID: 16884431 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1673.2006.01608.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report a periorbital arteriovenous fistula that was treated with direct sac puncture N-butyl cyanoacrylate embolization under controlled inflow and outflow. The efficacy of this technique in a periorbital lesion is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Phadke
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Phadke RV, Parihar A, Behari S, Sharma K. Localized congestive venous encephalopathy associated with cavernous dural arteriovenous malformation. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2006; 27:1315-7. [PMID: 16775288 PMCID: PMC8133905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
An unusual case of venous congestive encephalopathy associated with cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous malformation is reported. The parenchymal changes consisted of a well-demarcated area of hyperintensity on T2-weighted MR images involving the cortex and underlying white matter in the ipsilateral temporal and posterior frontal region. It showed mass effect and persisted for 2 years before evolving into a venous infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Phadke
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Gupta V, Koppula A, Singh S, Parihar A, Parihar B, Shinde M, Kutty B. OPCAB in EUROSCORE high risk septuagenarians. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1007/s12055-006-0614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mashankar
- Mandakini Imaging Centre, 90 Feet Road, Ghatkopar, Mumbai-77, India
| | - K Khopkar
- Mandakini Imaging Centre, 90 Feet Road, Ghatkopar, Mumbai-77, India
| | - A Parihar
- Mandakini Imaging Centre, 90 Feet Road, Ghatkopar, Mumbai-77, India
| | - P Salkade
- Mandakini Imaging Centre, 90 Feet Road, Ghatkopar, Mumbai-77, India
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Vasagar K, Golden D, Bhatt N, Viksman A, Parihar S, Parihar A, Fiorentino I, Saini S. Basophil activation marker expression in subjects undergoing sting challenges: Novel biomarkers of anaphylaxis? J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2004.12.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Vaijapurkar S, Paturkar R, Parihar A, Ram Senwar K, Meena J, Bhatnagar P. Evaluation of superheated liquid neutron sensor (SLNS-3) using microprocessor based bubble reader. RADIAT MEAS 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4487(03)00027-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Gupta I, Parihar A, Malhotra P, Gupta S, Lüdtke R, Safayhi H, Ammon HP. Effects of gum resin of Boswellia serrata in patients with chronic colitis. Planta Med 2001; 67:391-395. [PMID: 11488449 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-15802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Patients studied here suffered from chronic colitis characterized by vague lower abdominal pain, bleeding per rectum with diarrhoea and palpable tender descending and sigmoid colon. The inflammatory process in colitis is associated with increased formation of leukotrienes causing chemotaxis, chemokinesis, synthesis of superoxide radicals and release of lysosomal enzymes by phagocytes. The key enzyme for leukotriene biosynthesis is 5-lipoxygenase. Boswellic acids were found to be non-redox, non-competitive specific inhibitors of the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase. We studied the gum resin of Boswellia serrata for the treatment of this disease. Thirty patients, 17 males and 13 females in the age range of 18 to 48 years with chronic colitis were included in this study. Twenty patients were given a preparation of the gum resin of Boswellia serrata (900 mg daily divided in three doses for 6 weeks) and ten patients were given sulfasalazine (3 gm daily divided in three doses for 6 weeks) and served as controls. Out of 20 patients treated with Boswellia gum resin 18 patients showed an improvement in one or more of the parameters: including stool properties, histopathology as well as scanning electron microscopy, besides haemoglobin, serum iron, calcium, phosphorus, proteins, total leukocytes and eosinophils. In the control group 6 out of 10 patients showed similar results with the same parameters. Out of 20 patients treated with Boswellia gum resin 14 went into remission while in case of sulfasalazine remission rate was 4 out of 10. In conclusion, this study shows that a gum resin preparation from Boswellia serrata could be effective in the treatment of chronic colitis with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Medical College Jammu, J&K, India
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