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Lamidi S, Williams KM, Hind D, Peckham-Cooper A, Miller AS, Smith AM, Saha A, Macutkiewicz C, Griffiths EA, Catena F, Coccolini F, Toogood G, Tierney GM, Boyd-Carson H, Sartelli M, Blencowe NS, Lockwood S, Coe PO, Lee MJ, Barreto SG, Drake T, Gachabayov M, Hill J, Ioannidis O, Lostoridis E, Mehraj A, Negoi I, Pata F, Steenkamp C, Ahmed S, Alin V, Al-Rashedy M, Atici SD, Bains L, Bandyopadhyay SK, Baraket O, Bates T, Beral D, Brown L, Buonomo L, Burke D, Caravaglios G, Ceresoli M, Chapman SJ, Cillara N, Clarke R, Colak E, Daniels S, Demetrashvili Z, Di Carlo I, Duff S, Dziakova J, Elliott JA, El Zalabany T, Engledow A, Ewnte B, Fraga GP, George R, Giuffrida M, Glasbey J, Isik A, Kechagias A, Kenington C, Kessel B, Khokha V, Kong V, Laloë P, Litvin A, Lostoridis E, Marinis A, Martínez-Pérez A, Menzies D, Mills R, Monzon BI, Morgan R, Neri V, Nita GE, Perra T, Perrone G, Porcu A, Poskus T, Premnath S, Sall I, Sarma DR, Slavchev M, Spence G, Tarasconi A, Tolonen M, Toro A, Venn ML, Vimalachandran D, Wheldon L, Zakaria AD. Defining core patient descriptors for perforated peptic ulcer research: international Delphi. Br J Surg 2022; 109:603-609. [PMID: 35467718 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perforated peptic ulcer (PPU) remains a common condition globally with significant morbidity and mortality. Previous work has demonstrated variation in reporting of patient characteristics in PPU studies, making comparison of studies and outcomes difficult. The aim of this study was to standardize the reporting of patient characteristics, by creating a core descriptor set (CDS) of important descriptors that should be consistently reported in PPU research. METHODS Candidate descriptors were identified through systematic review and stakeholder proposals. An international Delphi exercise involving three survey rounds was undertaken to obtain consensus on key patient characteristics for future research. Participants rated items on a scale of 1-9 with respect to their importance. Items meeting a predetermined threshold (rated 7-9 by over 70 per cent of stakeholders) were included in the final set and ratified at a consensus meeting. Feedback was provided between rounds to allow refinement of ratings. RESULTS Some 116 clinicians were recruited from 29 countries. A total of 63 descriptors were longlisted from the literature, and 27 were proposed by stakeholders. After three survey rounds and a consensus meeting, 27 descriptors were included in the CDS. These covered demographic variables and co-morbidities, risk factors for PPU, presentation and pathway factors, need for organ support, biochemical parameters, prognostic tools, perforation details, and surgical history. CONCLUSION This study defines the core descriptive items for PPU research, which will allow more robust synthesis of studies.
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Lipinski LJ, Abad AP, Fenstermaker RA, Fabiano AJ, Edenfield WJ, Kanos C, Redjal N, Rodriguez A, Mansouri A, Zacharia B, Butowski NA, Liu JJX, Han SJ, Ziu M, Cohen AL, Smith AM, DesRochers T, Vibat CRT. Clinical application of a functional 3D ex vivo test to predict therapeutic response in patients with HGG: A progression-free survival analysis. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.2031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2031 Background: High grade gliomas (HGG) including glioblastoma (GBM) are among the most aggressive brain cancers, with patients exhibiting highly variable treatment responses in both newly diagnosed (ND) and recurrent disease. Temozolomide (TMZ) + radiation therapy is the guideline directed standard of care (SOC) in the ND setting; it has remained relatively unchanged for > 15 years, despite variable patient responses. Current available biomarkers do not inform personalized therapy. Functional drug response testing using patient specific tumor cells may have the potential to inform effective therapy selection, thus advancing functional precision oncology. Progression free survival (PFS) is a meaningful surrogate to overall survival (OS) in GBM and therefore, represents a measure of clinical benefit. Methods: The 3D-PREDICT clinical study (NCT03561207) allows enrollment of HGG patients with ECOG ≤ 3, perhaps representing a more accurate real-world population compared to most clinical studies in the same patient cohort. Tumor tissue was prospectively collected during SOC biopsy/resection and analyzed in an ex vivo cell culture test using a panel of agents prescribed as HGG therapeutics. Results: Data pertain to 56 3D-PREDICT patients who had > 6 months of follow up as of December 31, 2021 or experienced progression/death < 6 months post tissue collection. There were 42 3D-PREDICT patients who had IDH wild type ND GBM and received SOC. PFS analysis of these patients showed 3D ex vivo testing was able to prospectively predict TMZ clinical responders vs. non-responders (Kaplan-Meier, p = 0.039; HR 0.516, 95% CI 0.234,1.137). Test predicted TMZ responders had a relative PFS advantage of 3.7 months. Of the 42 patients, 38 had known MGMT methylation status with 23 patients (60%) being unmethylated. Test predicted responders (9) included unmethylated patients; test predicted non-responders (33) included methylated patients. The data suggest ex vivo testing of patient specific tumor tissue may identify ND HGG patients a priori who respond to TMZ, irrespective of MGMT methylation status. Beyond TMZ response prediction, the test assesses tissue response to 11 additional known HGG therapies and therefore may provide a tool to inform potential alternative treatments to TMZ for ND patients. Also evaluated were 14 3D-PREDICT recurrent HGG patients who received test directed salvage therapy; mean PFS after tissue collection from re-resection was 9.0 months (range 2.3 – 24.7 mo) for 9 patients at first recurrence, and 5.7 months (range 1.8 – 11.4 mo) for 5 patients with 2 to 6 recurrences. These examples demonstrate initial test utilization informing salvage therapy selection, correlated with PFS improvements in recurrent HGG. Conclusions: This functional 3D ex vivo cell culture platform provided survival benefit in analyzed ND and recurrent cohorts. Clinical trial information: NCT03561207.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Andrew J. Fabiano
- Neuro-Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | | | - Charles Kanos
- Prisma Health Southeastern Neurosurgical and Spine Institute, Greenville, SC
| | - Navid Redjal
- Capital Health Medical Center - Hopewell Campus, Pennington, NJ
| | - Analiz Rodriguez
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mateo Ziu
- INOVA Medical Group, Falls Church, VA
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Smith AM, Dykeman CA, King BL, Yin VP. Retraction Notice to: Modulation of TNFα Activity by the microRNA Let-7 Coordinates Zebrafish Heart Regeneration. iScience 2022; 25:104363. [PMID: 35774531 PMCID: PMC9236889 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Smith AM, Dykeman CA, King BL, Yin VP. Retraction Notice to: Modulation of TNFa Activity by the microRNA Let-7 Coordinates Zebrafish Heart Regeneration. iScience 2022; 25:104362. [PMID: 35774532 PMCID: PMC9236885 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Reed MR, Lyle AG, De Loose A, Maddukuri L, Learned K, Beale HC, Kephart ET, Cheney A, van den Bout A, Lee MP, Hundley KN, Smith AM, DesRochers TM, Vibat CRT, Gokden M, Salama S, Wardell CP, Eoff RL, Vaske OM, Rodriguez A. A Functional Precision Medicine Pipeline Combines Comparative Transcriptomics and Tumor Organoid Modeling to Identify Bespoke Treatment Strategies for Glioblastoma. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123400. [PMID: 34943910 PMCID: PMC8699481 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Li Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline mutations in TP53. TP53 is the most common mutated gene in human cancer, occurring in 30-50% of glioblastomas (GBM). Here, we highlight a precision medicine platform to identify potential targets for a GBM patient with LFS. We used a comparative transcriptomics approach to identify genes that are uniquely overexpressed in the LFS GBM patient relative to a cancer compendium of 12,747 tumor RNA sequencing data sets, including 200 GBMs. STAT1 and STAT2 were identified as being significantly overexpressed in the LFS patient, indicating ruxolitinib, a Janus kinase 1 and 2 inhibitors, as a potential therapy. The LFS patient had the highest level of STAT1 and STAT2 expression in an institutional high-grade glioma cohort of 45 patients, further supporting the cancer compendium results. To empirically validate the comparative transcriptomics pipeline, we used a combination of adherent and organoid cell culture techniques, including ex vivo patient-derived organoids (PDOs) from four patient-derived cell lines, including the LFS patient. STAT1 and STAT2 expression levels in the four patient-derived cells correlated with levels identified in the respective parent tumors. In both adherent and organoid cultures, cells from the LFS patient were among the most sensitive to ruxolitinib compared to patient-derived cells with lower STAT1 and STAT2 expression levels. A spheroid-based drug screening assay (3D-PREDICT) was performed and used to identify further therapeutic targets. Two targeted therapies were selected for the patient of interest and resulted in radiographic disease stability. This manuscript supports the use of comparative transcriptomics to identify personalized therapeutic targets in a functional precision medicine platform for malignant brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R. Reed
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (M.R.R.); (L.M.); (R.L.E.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (A.D.L.); (M.P.L.); (K.N.H.)
| | - A. Geoffrey Lyle
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (A.G.L.); (H.C.B.); (A.C.); (A.v.d.B.); (S.S.); (O.M.V.)
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (K.L.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Annick De Loose
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (A.D.L.); (M.P.L.); (K.N.H.)
| | - Leena Maddukuri
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (M.R.R.); (L.M.); (R.L.E.)
| | - Katrina Learned
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (K.L.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Holly C. Beale
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (A.G.L.); (H.C.B.); (A.C.); (A.v.d.B.); (S.S.); (O.M.V.)
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (K.L.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Ellen T. Kephart
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (K.L.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Allison Cheney
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (A.G.L.); (H.C.B.); (A.C.); (A.v.d.B.); (S.S.); (O.M.V.)
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (K.L.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Anouk van den Bout
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (A.G.L.); (H.C.B.); (A.C.); (A.v.d.B.); (S.S.); (O.M.V.)
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (K.L.); (E.T.K.)
| | - Madison P. Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (A.D.L.); (M.P.L.); (K.N.H.)
| | - Kelsey N. Hundley
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (A.D.L.); (M.P.L.); (K.N.H.)
| | - Ashley M. Smith
- KIYATEC Inc., Greenville, SC 29605, USA; (A.M.S.); (T.M.D.); (C.R.T.V.)
| | | | | | - Murat Gokden
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Sofie Salama
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (A.G.L.); (H.C.B.); (A.C.); (A.v.d.B.); (S.S.); (O.M.V.)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Christopher P. Wardell
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA;
| | - Robert L. Eoff
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (M.R.R.); (L.M.); (R.L.E.)
| | - Olena M. Vaske
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (A.G.L.); (H.C.B.); (A.C.); (A.v.d.B.); (S.S.); (O.M.V.)
| | - Analiz Rodriguez
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA; (A.D.L.); (M.P.L.); (K.N.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-501-686-8078; Fax: +1-501-686-8767
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Lipinski LJ, Abad A, Fenstermaker RA, Fabiano AJ, Prasad D, Smith AM, Gevaert M, DesRochers TM, Vibat CRT. INNV-14. PREDICTIVE UTILITY OF TEMOZOLOMIDE RESPONSE AS DETERMINED BY 3D EX-VIVO CELL CULTURE ASSAYS IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA: A SINGLE INSTITUTION CASE SERIES EVALUATING PROGRESSION FREE SURVIVAL. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab196.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma is an aggressive tumor that is clinically and pathologically heterogeneous, and as such, remains challenging to treat. Response to initial standard treatment is widely variable and patient specific. We describe a cohort of 11 newly diagnosed patients enrolled in the 3D-PREDICT study at a single institution who underwent maximal safe surgical resection with tumor tissue collected prospectively for ex vivo cell culture assays against a panel of commonly used agents, including temozolomide. Nine of eleven patients received concurrent radiation + temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide as per current standard of care. Two patients progressed immediately following concurrent chemoradiation; pseudoprogression was ruled out with short interval repeat imaging and clinical deterioration with pathology confirming recurrent tumor on re-resection in one patient. Median follow-up was 10 months (range 2-18). Outcomes were assessed retrospectively using Kaplan-Meier time-to-event curves, separating into two groups the temozolomide responders (n=4) and temozolomide nonresponders (n=7), as defined by the previously validated assay. The event was reached when radiographic tumor recurrence/progression occurred. Due to limited sample size, statistical significance was not reached, but a trend toward longer time to recurrence was noted among the temozolomide responder group. Continued experience with this tool may help clinicians predict which patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma will respond well to initial treatment with temozolomide and those that may be more appropriate for clinical trial enrollment, independent of MGMT promoter methylation status. Longer term studies with a larger number of patients will help to determine the true significance of this drug response prediction assay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajay Abad
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Pankey CL, Odhiambo JF, Smith AM, Ford SP. Effects of maternal obesity in an ovine model on metabolic outcomes in F2 adults and F3 neonates. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2021; 76:106628. [PMID: 33895699 PMCID: PMC8169583 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that indications of metabolic syndrome can be inherited through the germline as a result of maternal obesity. We hypothesized that diet-induced maternal obesity during gestation would program metabolic consequences for multiple generations of offspring, even when first, second, and third generation offspring (F1, F2, F3, respectively) were fed only to requirements. Control (CON) and obese (OB) ewes (generation 0; F0) were bred to a single ram to produce the first generation of offspring (F1). From 60 d prior to conception through term, CONF0 ate 100% National Research Council recommendations (NRC), while OBF0 ewes ate 150% NRC. All F1, F2, and F3 ate 100% NRC after weaning. All mature F1 ewes were bred to a single ram to generate CONF2 (n = 6) and OBF2 (n = 10). All mature F2 ewes were bred to a single ram to produce CONF3 (n = 6) and OBF3 (n = 10). OBF2 ewes exhibited greater (P < 0.0001) plasma cortisol than CONF2 throughout gestation. A glucose tolerance test at 90% gestation revealed OBF2 ewes had higher (P < 0.05) insulin response with similar glucose, resulting in greater (P < 0.05) insulin resistance. OBF3 neonates had similar weight, lean mass, and body fat mass to CONF3 neonates. These data suggest that multigenerational programming of adverse metabolic phenotypes occur in association with F0 maternal obesity, yet adiposity may return to CON levels in F3 neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Pankey
- Department of Biomedical Science, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, WV, USA; Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
| | - J F Odhiambo
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA; College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - A M Smith
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - S P Ford
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
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Smith AM, Huynh P, Griffin S, Baughn M, Monka P. Strong, non-specific adhesion using C-lectin heterotrimers in a molluscan defensive secretion. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:1440-1449. [PMID: 34048555 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The defensive mucus produced by the slug Arion subfuscus is tough and remarkably sticky. It spreads rapidly and adheres strongly to a wide range of surfaces. The adhesion is equally strong on wettable (glass) and non-wettable (plastic) surfaces. The adhesion appears to depend on a group of proteins that adsorb equally well to a wide range of different natural and artificial surfaces. Prominent among these proteins were those that distinguish the adhesive secretion from the non-adhesive mucus. The adhesive proteins were not washed off by non-ionic detergent, nor was the adhesion of the glue as a whole affected by this treatment. In contrast, high salt concentrations washed the most abundant adhesive proteins off the surfaces, and correspondingly weakened the glue's attachment. The most abundant of the adhesive proteins were C-lectins, which appear to form heterotrimers. These and other lectin-like proteins in slug glue have a high proportion of aromatic amino acids at conserved locations, and are relatively small and often basic. The aromatic and cationic side chains may provide a powerful combination promoting and maintaining surface adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Smith
- Ithaca College, Department of Biology, Ithaca, NY
| | - P Huynh
- Ithaca College, Department of Biology, Ithaca, NY
| | - S Griffin
- Ithaca College, Department of Biology, Ithaca, NY
| | - M Baughn
- Ithaca College, Department of Biology, Ithaca, NY
| | - P Monka
- Ithaca College, Department of Biology, Ithaca, NY
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Shuford S, Lipinski L, Abad A, Smith AM, Rayner M, O'Donnell L, Stuart J, Mechtler LL, Fabiano AJ, Edenfield J, Kanos C, Gardner S, Hodge P, Lynn M, Butowski NA, Han SJ, Redjal N, Crosswell HE, Vibat CRT, Holmes L, Gevaert M, Fenstermaker RA, DesRochers TM. Prospective prediction of clinical drug response in high-grade gliomas using an ex vivo 3D cell culture assay. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab065. [PMID: 34142085 PMCID: PMC8207705 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical outcomes in high-grade glioma (HGG) have remained relatively unchanged over the last 3 decades with only modest increases in overall survival. Despite the validation of biomarkers to classify treatment response, most newly diagnosed (ND) patients receive the same treatment regimen. This study aimed to determine whether a prospective functional assay that provides a direct, live tumor cell-based drug response prediction specific for each patient could accurately predict clinical drug response prior to treatment. Methods A modified 3D cell culture assay was validated to establish baseline parameters including drug concentrations, timing, and reproducibility. Live tumor tissue from HGG patients were tested in the assay to establish response parameters. Clinical correlation was determined between prospective ex vivo response and clinical response in ND HGG patients enrolled in 3D-PREDICT (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03561207). Clinical case studies were examined for relapsed HGG patients enrolled on 3D-PREDICT, prospectively assayed for ex vivo drug response, and monitored for follow-up. Results Absent biomarker stratification, the test accurately predicted clinical response/nonresponse to temozolomide in 17/20 (85%, P = .007) ND patients within 7 days of their surgery, prior to treatment initiation. Test-predicted responders had a median overall survival post-surgery of 11.6 months compared to 5.9 months for test-predicted nonresponders (P = .0376). Case studies provided examples of the clinical utility of the assay predictions and their impact upon treatment decisions resulting in positive clinical outcomes. Conclusion This study both validates the developed assay analytically and clinically and provides case studies of its implementation in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsay Lipinski
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ajay Abad
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Laszlo L Mechtler
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Andrew J Fabiano
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Jeff Edenfield
- Department of Medicine, Prisma Health Cancer Institute, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Charles Kanos
- Deparment of Surgery, Prisma Health Southeastern Neurosurgical and Spine Institute, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Stephen Gardner
- Deparment of Surgery, Prisma Health Southeastern Neurosurgical and Spine Institute, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Philip Hodge
- Deparment of Surgery, Prisma Health Southeastern Neurosurgical and Spine Institute, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Michael Lynn
- Deparment of Surgery, Prisma Health Southeastern Neurosurgical and Spine Institute, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Nicholas A Butowski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Seunggu J Han
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Navid Redjal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Capital Health Institute for Neurosciences, Pennington, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Robert A Fenstermaker
- Department of Neuro-oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York, USA
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Abstract
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations face a range of health disparities that all health care systems must address. In response to known health disparities, the LGBT Health Program of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) developed policies supporting the provision of affirming care to LGBT veterans. To support policy implementation, the program launched the LGBT Veteran Care Coordinator (LGBT VCC) Program in 2016, requiring every VHA facility to appoint at least one clinical staff member to serve as an LGBT VCC. This quality improvement project reports on LGBT VCCs' perspectives on the state of affirming care at their facilities in the first year of the program. LGBT VCCs (n = 79) completed a brief online survey, including qualitative questions on barriers and facilitators to implementation, and general recommendations for the program. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) guided directed content analysis of reported facilitators and barriers. The highest proportion of facilitators and barriers reported by the LGBT VCCs were coded under leadership engagement, available resources, other personal attributes, organizational culture, and networking and communications. LGBT VCCs requested additional support in securing adequate designated administrative time, engaging with facility leadership, improving networking and communication, tailoring programing, and providing professional advancement opportunities. Organizing findings using the CFIR enabled the LGBT Health Program to effectively promote facilitators and address barriers experienced during the startup year of the LGBT VCC Program. The VHA's efforts to reduce LGBT veteran health disparities may serve as a model for other health care systems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Armstrong G, Toogood G, Jayne DG, Smith AM. P11: NEAR INFRARED FLUORESCENT CHOLANGIOGRAPHY IN LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY: A SINGLE CENTRE FEASIBILITY STUDY. THE OPTIMUM DOSING REGIME, LIMITATIONS AND WHERE NEXT? Br J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znab117.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
This study explored near-infrared fluorescent cholangiography (NIRFC) with Indocyanine Green (ICG) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) surgery in a tertiary referral hepatobiliary unit. ICG binds to albumin and is excreted in bile. NIRFC utilises the fluorescent and excretory properties of ICG to provide dynamic extrahepatic bile duct mapping during LC.
Method
Non-randomised single centre feasibility study. Twenty-two participants were sequentially allocated to four dosing subgroups prior to NIRFC assisted LC. Each received a single intravenous dose of ICG prior to LC with the Stryker Novadaq NIR laparoscope. The biliary anatomy was assessed with NIRFC at three time-points, detection was compared to radiological cholangiogram where available and surgeon satisfaction was assessed.
Result
Eight participants received 2.5mg ICG 20-40min before surgery, four 0.25mg/kg 20-40min, five 90min – 180min and five 12 – 36 hour pre-operatively. Average age 50 years (S.D±15), BMI 27.5m2 (S.D±3.6), 6/22 were acute LC procedures. The prolonged dosing interval produced increased extrahepatic biliary structure identification (p = 0.016), reduced noise to signal ratio and was consistently preferred by the operating surgeon. NIRFC was inferior to radiological cholangiogram (n = 10) (p = 0.014) for bile duct mapping. We observed iatrogenic bile spillage saturating the field and obscuring structure differentiation and peri-hilar inflammation impeding fluorescent detection in acute LC.
Conclusion
The dosing regimen 0.25mg/kg ICG 12 to 36 hours prior to surgery provides optimum NIRFC structure visualisation. Fluorescent tissue penetrance is limited in acute peri-hilar inflammation. More research in to the efficiency of NIRFC in emergency LC is required.
Take-home message
An intravenous dose of 0.25mg/kg of Indocyanine Green 12 to 36 hours before surgery is the optimum dosing regimen for increased extra-hepatic bile duct structures with near infrared fluorescent cholangiography. The role of NIRFC in acute laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery remains ill-defined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Toogood
- University of Leeds, Leeds UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - DG Jayne
- University of Leeds, Leeds UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - AM Smith
- University of Leeds, Leeds UK
- Leeds Teaching Hospital Trust, Leeds, UK
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Orr RJS, Di Martino E, Gordon DP, Ramsfjell MH, Mello HL, Smith AM, Liow LH. A broadly resolved molecular phylogeny of New Zealand cheilostome bryozoans as a framework for hypotheses of morphological evolution. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 161:107172. [PMID: 33813020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Larger molecular phylogenies based on ever more genes are becoming commonplace with the advent of cheaper and more streamlined sequencing and bioinformatics pipelines. However, many groups of inconspicuous but no less evolutionarily or ecologically important marine invertebrates are still neglected in the quest for understanding species- and higher-level phylogenetic relationships. Here, we alleviate this issue by presenting the molecular sequences of 165 cheilostome bryozoan species from New Zealand waters. New Zealand is our geographic region of choice as its cheilostome fauna is taxonomically, functionally and ecologically diverse, and better characterized than many other such faunas in the world. Using this most taxonomically broadly-sampled and statistically-supported cheilostome phylogeny comprising 214 species, when including previously published sequences, and 17 genes (2 nuclear and 15 mitochondrial) we tested several existing systematic hypotheses based solely on morphological observations. We find that lower taxonomic level hypotheses (species and genera) are robust while our inferred trees did not reflect current higher-level systematics (family and above), illustrating a general need for the rethinking of current hypotheses. To illustrate the utility of our new phylogeny, we reconstruct the evolutionary history of frontal shields (i.e., a calcified body-wall layer in ascus-bearing cheilostomes) and ask if its presence has any bearing on the diversification rates of cheilostomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J S Orr
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - E Di Martino
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - D P Gordon
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - M H Ramsfjell
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - H L Mello
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A M Smith
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - L H Liow
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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13
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Lumry WR, Weller K, Magerl M, Banerji A, Longhurst HJ, Riedl MA, Lewis HB, Lu P, Devercelli G, Jain G, Maurer M, Hébert J, Ritchie B, Sussman G, Yang WH, Martinez‐Saguer I, Staubach P, Cicardi M, Shennak M, Zaragoza‐Urdaz RH, Anderson J, Baptist AP, Bernstein JA, Boggs PB, Busse PJ, Craig T, Davis‐Lorton M, Gierer S, Gower RG, Harris D, Hong DI, Jacobs J, Johnston DT, Li HH, Lockey RF, Lugar P, Manning ME, McNeil DL, Melamed I, Mostofi T, Nickel T, Otto WR, Petrov AA, Radojicic C, Rehman SM, Schwartz LB, Shapiro R, Sher E, Smith AM, Soteres D, Tachdjian R, Wedner HJ, Weinstein ME, Zafra H. Impact of lanadelumab on health-related quality of life in patients with hereditary angioedema in the HELP study. Allergy 2021; 76:1188-1198. [PMID: 33258114 PMCID: PMC8247292 DOI: 10.1111/all.14680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background An objective of the phase 3 HELP Study was to investigate the effect of lanadelumab on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with hereditary angioedema (HAE). Methods Patients with HAE‐1/2 received either lanadelumab 150 mg every 4 weeks (q4wks; n = 28), 300 mg q4wks (n = 29), 300 mg every 2 weeks (q2wks; n = 27), or placebo (n = 41) for 26 weeks (days 0–182). The Angioedema Quality of Life Questionnaire (AE‐QoL) was administered monthly, consisting of four domain (functioning, fatigue/mood, fears/shame, nutrition) and total scores. The generic EQ‐5D‐5L questionnaire was administered on days 0, 98, and 182. Comparisons were made between placebo and (a) all lanadelumab‐treated patients and (b) individual lanadelumab groups for changes in scores (day 0–182) and proportions achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID, −6) in AE‐QoL total score. Results Compared with the placebo group, the lanadelumab total group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in AE‐QoL total and domain scores (mean change, −13.0 to −29.3; p < 0.05 for all); the largest improvement was in functioning. A significantly greater proportion of the lanadelumab total group achieved the MCID (70% vs 37%; p = 0.001). The lanadelumab 300 mg q2wks group had the highest proportion (81%; p = 0.001) and was 7.2 times more likely to achieve the MCID than the placebo group. Mean EQ‐5D‐5L scores at day 0 were high in all groups, indicating low impairment, with no significant changes at day 182. Conclusion Patients with HAE‐1/2 experienced significant and clinically meaningful improvements in HRQoL measured by AE‐QoL following lanadelumab treatment in the HELP Study.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Lumry
- Allergy Asthma Research Associates Research Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Karsten Weller
- Dermatological Allergology Allergie‐Centrum‐Charité Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Markus Magerl
- Dermatological Allergology Allergie‐Centrum‐Charité Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Aleena Banerji
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Hilary J. Longhurst
- Addenbrooke’s Hospital Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustCambridge, and University College London Hospitals London UK
| | - Marc A. Riedl
- Division of Rheumatology Allergy & Immunology University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA
| | | | - Peng Lu
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Lexington MA USA
| | | | - Gagan Jain
- Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Lexington MA USA
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Dermatological Allergology Allergie‐Centrum‐Charité Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
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14
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Ganguli A, Mostafa A, Saavedra C, Kim Y, Le P, Faramarzi V, Feathers RW, Berger J, Ramos-Cruz KP, Adeniba O, Diaz GJP, Drnevich J, Wright CL, Hernandez AG, Lin W, Smith AM, Kosari F, Vasmatzis G, Anastasiadis PZ, Bashir R. Three-dimensional microscale hanging drop arrays with geometric control for drug screening and live tissue imaging. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/17/eabc1323. [PMID: 33893093 PMCID: PMC8064630 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Existing three-dimensional (3D) culture techniques are limited by trade-offs between throughput, capacity for high-resolution imaging in living state, and geometric control. Here, we introduce a modular microscale hanging drop culture where simple design elements allow high replicates for drug screening, direct on-chip real-time or high-resolution confocal microscopy, and geometric control in 3D. Thousands of spheroids can be formed on our microchip in a single step and without any selective pressure from specific matrices. Microchip cultures from human LN229 glioblastoma and patient-derived mouse xenograft cells retained genomic alterations of originating tumors based on mate pair sequencing. We measured response to drugs over time with real-time microscopy on-chip. Last, by engineering droplets to form predetermined geometric shapes, we were able to manipulate the geometry of cultured cell masses. These outcomes can enable broad applications in advancing personalized medicine for cancer and drug discovery, tissue engineering, and stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganguli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - A Mostafa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - C Saavedra
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Y Kim
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - P Le
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - V Faramarzi
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - R W Feathers
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - J Berger
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - K P Ramos-Cruz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - O Adeniba
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - G J Pagan Diaz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - J Drnevich
- High-Performance Biological Computing, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - C L Wright
- DNA Services Lab, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - A G Hernandez
- DNA Services Lab, Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - W Lin
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - A M Smith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - F Kosari
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - G Vasmatzis
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - P Z Anastasiadis
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - R Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
- Mayo-Illinois Alliance for Technology-Based Healthcare, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL 61820, USA
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15
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Serafim TL, Cunha-Oliveira T, Deus CM, Sardão VA, Cardoso IM, Yang S, Odhiambo JF, Ghnenis AB, Smith AM, Li J, Nathanielsz PW, Ford SP, Oliveira PJ. Maternal obesity in sheep impairs foetal hepatic mitochondrial respiratory chain capacity. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13375. [PMID: 32780417 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in the nutritional environment in utero induced by maternal obesity (MO) lead to foetal metabolic dysfunction predisposing offspring to later-life metabolic diseases. Since mitochondria play a crucial role in hepatic metabolism and function, we hypothesized that MO prior to conception and throughout pregnancy programmes foetal sheep liver mitochondrial phenotype. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ewes ate an obesogenic diet (150% requirements; MO), or 100% requirements (CTR), from 60 days prior to conception. Foetal livers were removed at 0.9 gestation. We measured foetal liver mitochondrial DNA copy number, activity of superoxide dismutase, cathepsins B and D and selected protein content, total phospholipids and cardiolipin and activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. RESULTS A significant decrease in activities of mitochondrial complexes I, II-III and IV, but not aconitase, was observed in MO. In the antioxidant machinery, there was a significant increase in activity of total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and SOD2 in MO. However, no differences were found regarding autophagy-related protein content (p62, beclin-I, LC3-I, LC3-II and Lamp2A) and cathepsin B and D activities. A 21.5% decrease in total mitochondrial phospholipid was observed in MO. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate that MO impairs foetal hepatic mitochondrial oxidative capacity and affects total mitochondrial phospholipid content. In addition, MO affects the regulation of foetal liver redox pathways, indicating metabolic adaptations to the higher foetal lipid environment. Consequences of in utero programming of foetal hepatic metabolism may persist and compromise mitochondrial bioenergetics in later life, and increase susceptibility to metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L Serafim
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Claudia M Deus
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Ines M Cardoso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - John F Odhiambo
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Adel B Ghnenis
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Junfei Li
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Stephen P Ford
- Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
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16
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Smith AM, Stewart K, Baul T, Valentine SE. Peer delivery of a brief cognitive-behavioral treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder: A hybrid effectiveness-implementation pilot study. J Clin Psychol 2020; 76:2133-2154. [PMID: 32632945 PMCID: PMC7665989 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment delivery by peer specialist providers could increase access to and engagement with PTSD treatment in low resource settings. The current pilot study tested the feasibility, acceptability, and initial effectiveness of a peer-delivered, brief cognitive-behavioral therapy for PTSD. METHOD Four certified peer specialists delivered the intervention to 18 participants with probable PTSD. We assessed PTSD symptoms weekly and administered surveys and interviews at baseline and posttreatment. RESULTS Our mixed-methods approach suggests that the intervention was feasible and acceptable, demonstrating high client satisfaction. We also found significant improvements in PTSD, depressive, anxiety, and general stress symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Peer-delivered interventions may be a good fit for addressing posttraumatic stress symptoms for people accessing care in low resource settings. Future research should evaluate peer-delivered PTSD treatment as a strategy for both reducing symptoms and improving access and engagement in professional care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M. Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, 720 Harrison Avenue, Suite 1150, Boston, MA, 02118, U.S
| | - Kaylee Stewart
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, 720 Harrison Avenue, Suite 1150, Boston, MA, 02118, U.S
| | - Tithi Baul
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, 720 Harrison Avenue, Suite 1150, Boston, MA, 02118, U.S
| | - Sarah E. Valentine
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Medical Center, 720 Harrison Avenue, Suite 1150, Boston, MA, 02118, U.S
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 720 Harrison Avenue, Suite 1150, Boston, MA, 02118, U.S
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17
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Peña SM, Oak ASW, Smith AM, Mayo TT, Elewski BE. Topical crisaborole is an efficacious steroid-sparing agent for treating mild-to-moderate seborrhoeic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e809-e812. [PMID: 32452557 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M Peña
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - A S W Oak
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - A M Smith
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - T T Mayo
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - B E Elewski
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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18
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Riedl MA, Maurer M, Bernstein JA, Banerji A, Longhurst HJ, Li HH, Lu P, Hao J, Juethner S, Lumry WR, Hébert J, Ritchie B, Sussman G, Yang WH, Escuriola Ettingshausen C, Magerl M, Martinez‐Saguer I, Maurer M, Staubach P, Zimmer S, Cicardi M, Perego F, Wu MA, Zanichelli A, Al‐Ghazawi A, Shennak M, Zaragoza‐Urdaz RH, Ghurye R, Longhurst HJ, Zinser E, Anderson J, Banerji A, Baptist AP, Bernstein JA, Boggs PB, Busse PJ, Christiansen S, Craig T, Davis‐Lorton M, Gierer S, Gower RG, Harris D, Hong DI, Jacobs J, Johnston DT, Levitch ES, Li HH, Lockey RF, Lugar P, Lumry WR, Manning ME, McNeil DL, Melamed I, Mostofi T, Nickel T, Otto WR, Petrov AA, Poarch K, Radojicic C, Rehman SM, Riedl MA, Schwartz LB, Shapiro R, Sher E, Smith AM, Smith TD, Soteres D, Tachdjian R, Wedner HJ, Weinstein ME, Zafra H, Zuraw BL. Lanadelumab demonstrates rapid and sustained prevention of hereditary angioedema attacks. Allergy 2020; 75:2879-2887. [PMID: 32452549 PMCID: PMC7689768 DOI: 10.1111/all.14416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Lanadelumab demonstrated efficacy in preventing hereditary angioedema (HAE) attacks in the phase 3 HELP Study. Objective To assess time to onset of effect and long‐term efficacy of lanadelumab, based on exploratory findings from the HELP Study. Methods Eligible patients with HAE type I/II received lanadelumab 150 mg every 4 weeks (q4wks), 300 mg q4wks, 300 mg q2wks, or placebo. Ad hoc analyses evaluated day 0‐69 findings using a Poisson regression model accounting for overdispersion. Least‐squares mean monthly HAE attack rate for lanadelumab was compared with placebo. Intrapatient comparisons for days 0‐69 versus steady state (days 70‐182) used a paired t test for continuous endpoints or Kappa statistics for categorical endpoints. Results One hundred twenty‐five patients were randomized and treated. During days 0‐69, mean monthly attack rate was significantly lower with lanadelumab (0.41‐0.76) vs placebo (2.04), including attacks requiring acute treatment (0.33‐0.61 vs 1.66) and moderate/severe attacks (0.31‐0.48 vs 1.33, all P ≤ .001). More patients receiving lanadelumab vs placebo were attack free (37.9%‐48.1% vs 7.3%) and responders (85.7%‐100% vs 26.8%). During steady state, the efficacy of lanadelumab vs placebo was similar or improved vs days 0‐69. Intrapatient differences were significant with lanadelumab 300 mg q4wks for select outcomes. Lanadelumab efficacy was durable—HAE attack rate was consistently lower vs placebo, from the first 2 weeks of treatment through study end. Treatment emergent adverse events were comparable during days 0‐69 and 70‐182. Conclusion Protection with lanadelumab started from the first dose and continued throughout the entire study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A. Riedl
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology University of California, San Diego San Diego CA USA
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Dermatological Allergology Allergie‐Centrum‐Charité Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Jonathan A. Bernstein
- Division of Immunology/Allergy Section Department of Internal Medicine University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH USA
- Bernstein Clinical Research Center Cincinnati OH USA
| | - Aleena Banerji
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology Department of Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Hilary J. Longhurst
- Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge and University College London Hospitals London UK
| | - H. Henry Li
- Institute for Asthma and Allergy, P.C. Chevy Chase MD USA
| | - Peng Lu
- Shire, a Takeda company Lexington MA USA
| | - James Hao
- Shire, a Takeda company Lexington MA USA
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19
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Smith AM, Leeming A, Fang Z, Hatchard T, Mioduszewski O, Schneider MA, Ferdossifard A, Shergill Y, Khoo EL, Poulin P. Mindfulness-based stress reduction alters brain activity for breast cancer survivors with chronic neuropathic pain: preliminary evidence from resting-state fMRI. J Cancer Surviv 2020; 15:518-525. [PMID: 33000446 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-020-00945-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer continues to be the most commonly diagnosed cancer among Canadian women, with as many as 25-60% of women suffering from chronic neuropathic pain (CNP) as a pervasive consequence of treatment. While pharmacological interventions have shown limited efficacy for the management of CNP to date, psychological interventions, such as mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), may be a promising alterative for improving pain-related problems. The purpose of this study was to use brain imaging methods to investigate this potential. METHODS Resting-state fMRI was used in female breast cancer survivors with CNP before and after an 8-week MBSR course (n = 13) and compared with a waitlist control group (n = 10). RESULTS Focusing on the default mode network, the most significant results show greater posterior cingulate connectivity with medial prefrontal regions post-MBSR intervention. Moreover, this change in connectivity correlated with reduced pain severity for the MBSR group. CONCLUSIONS These results provide empirical evidence of a change in the brain following MBSR intervention associated with changes in the subjective experience of pain. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS This study gives hope for a non-invasive method of easing the struggle of CNP in women following breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Smith
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier Room 2079, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - A Leeming
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier Room 2079, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Z Fang
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier Room 2079, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - T Hatchard
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - O Mioduszewski
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier Room 2079, Ottawa, Ontario, K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - M A Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - A Ferdossifard
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Y Shergill
- The Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - E-L Khoo
- The Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - P Poulin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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20
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Senjoti FG, Timmins P, Conway BR, Smith AM. Optimizing ophthalmic delivery of a poorly water soluble drug from an aqueous in situ gelling system. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 154:1-7. [PMID: 32599271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Poorly soluble drugs are often unsuitable to incorporate in ocular in situ gelling systems due to the aqueous based gelling formulations and low volumes administered. For such formulations to be successful, the administered drug must have sufficient solubility to diffuse from the formulation to the eye and should not affect the gelation of the in situ gelling material. Drug salt forms can improve the solubility of poorly soluble drugs, however, as in situ gel forming formulations are often designed to be crosslinked by salts (present the lacrimal fluid) it can make salt forms difficult to formulate. The aim of this study was to develop an in situ gel forming ophthalmic formulation of a poorly soluble drug flurbiprofen (FBP) through cyclodextrin complex formation and to analyse the impact on gelation, release and permeation through the cornea. Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HβCD) was used as a complexing agent and low acyl gellan gum was added to the FBP- HβCD complex as a water soluble in situ gelling polymer. Measurements were performed using rheo-dissolution, which utilises a rheometer with a modified lower plate that has the unique ability to allow rheological measurement and analysis of drug release simultaneously. An ex-vivo permeation study was also performed using porcine cornea. Rheological measurements in terms of elastic (G') and viscous (G″) modulus showed rapid gelation of the formulation upon contact with simulated lacrimal fluid (SLF). Approximately, 97% FBP was released when 10% HβCD was used and release was decreased to 79% when the amount of HβCD was increased to 20%. The percentage of drug permeation through the cornea was 55% in 300 min whereas the marketed non gelling eye drop formulation containing FBP sodium showed only 37% permeation. The data presented here, revealed that not only could a poorly soluble drug be complexed with cyclodextrin and loaded into an in situ gelling system without interfering with the gelation, but also permeability the of the drug improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- F G Senjoti
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - P Timmins
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - B R Conway
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - A M Smith
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
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21
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Thacoor A, Pathak S, Macutkiewicz C, Smith AM. AUTHORS' RESPONSE to Views on the use of intraoperative cholangiography. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2020; 102:1. [PMID: 32594752 PMCID: PMC7388947 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Thacoor
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
- Pan-Thames London Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Rotation, London, UK
| | - S Pathak
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - AM Smith
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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22
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Johnson AH, Bashore L, Hines A, Aufricht J, Smith AM, Pearson H. 0045 Biobehavioral Markers for Sleep/Wake Disturbance and Fatigue in Young Childhood Brain Tumor Survivors. Sleep 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Survivors of childhood and adolescent brain tumors and subsequent treatment may experience many neurological processes involving the forebrain, brainstem, and hypothalamus as well as the symptom cluster of stress, sleep, and fatigue. As a result, the impact of brain tumor treatment (chemotherapy/biotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery) may have lasting biobehavioral effects. Description of symptoms during early survivorship is not always evident in the literature.
Methods
Convenience sampling and the following inclusion criteria were utilized: brain tumor survivors ages 8–17 years; ≥6 months, <6 years from completion of treatment; disease free or stable disease. Participants completed polysomnography (PSG) followed by a multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), and subjective measures of sleep, fatigue, stress, and pubertal status. Collection of salivary biomarkers for stress (cortisol) and sleep (melatonin) was completed the evening of and morning after the PSG.
Results
Analysis of the first 12 participants (5 males; 3 Hispanic/Latino; average age 14 years; 9–72 months post treatment) revealed mean (minutes) total sleep time (TST) 442, sleep latency (SL) 42 and waking (WASO) 88; sleep efficiency (SE) mean 83%, There were large magnitude correlations between several variables of interest, notably PM Cortisol with fatigue, TST (r= .472; -.453); AM Cortisol with SL (r=.479); AM Melatonin with SE, SL, WASO (r= -.459; .692; .458). Average AM melatonin level (26.6 pg/dl) was higher than PM (6.66 pg/dl). Seven participants were diagnosed with clinical sleep disorders, including one with narcolepsy and two with hypersomnia.
Conclusion
During early survivorship after pediatric brain tumor treatment, survivors may be at high risk for sleep/wake disturbance (SWD). Morning melatonin and biomarker correlations with sleep and fatigue in this sample warrant further exploration and may be related to first night effect versus circadian rhythm differences or clinical sleep disorder. Recommendations for future practice include developmentally matched protocols and routine screening of biobehavioral markers to assess risk for stress, SWD, and fatigue.
Support
1. Center for Oncology Education and Research Harris College of Nursing & Health Sciences Texas Christian University 2. Neuro-Oncology Program Hematology/Oncology Center Cook Children’s Health Care System 3. Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice James A. “Buddy” Davidson Endowed Fund
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Bashore
- Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX
- Cook Children’s Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - A Hines
- Cook Children’s Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - J Aufricht
- Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX
| | - A M Smith
- Sam Houston State University, The Woodlands, TX
| | - H Pearson
- Cook Children’s Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX
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23
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Dyonisius MN, Petrenko VV, Smith AM, Hua Q, Yang B, Schmitt J, Beck J, Seth B, Bock M, Hmiel B, Vimont I, Menking JA, Shackleton SA, Baggenstos D, Bauska TK, Rhodes RH, Sperlich P, Beaudette R, Harth C, Kalk M, Brook EJ, Fischer H, Severinghaus JP, Weiss RF. Old carbon reservoirs were not important in the deglacial methane budget. Science 2020; 367:907-910. [PMID: 32079770 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Permafrost and methane hydrates are large, climate-sensitive old carbon reservoirs that have the potential to emit large quantities of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, as the Earth continues to warm. We present ice core isotopic measurements of methane (Δ14C, δ13C, and δD) from the last deglaciation, which is a partial analog for modern warming. Our results show that methane emissions from old carbon reservoirs in response to deglacial warming were small (<19 teragrams of methane per year, 95% confidence interval) and argue against similar methane emissions in response to future warming. Our results also indicate that methane emissions from biomass burning in the pre-Industrial Holocene were 22 to 56 teragrams of methane per year (95% confidence interval), which is comparable to today.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Dyonisius
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA.
| | - V V Petrenko
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - A M Smith
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Q Hua
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - B Yang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - J Schmitt
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J Beck
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Seth
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - M Bock
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Hmiel
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - I Vimont
- Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - J A Menking
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - S A Shackleton
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - D Baggenstos
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.,Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - T K Bauska
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.,British Antarctic Survey High Cross, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
| | - R H Rhodes
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.,Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, UK
| | - P Sperlich
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), 6021 Wellington, New Zealand
| | - R Beaudette
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - C Harth
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - M Kalk
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - E J Brook
- College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - H Fischer
- Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - J P Severinghaus
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - R F Weiss
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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24
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FitzSimons M, Beauchemin M, Smith AM, Stroh EG, Kelpsch DJ, Lamb MC, Tootle TL, Yin VP. Cardiac injury modulates critical components of prostaglandin E 2 signaling during zebrafish heart regeneration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3095. [PMID: 32080283 PMCID: PMC7033201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The inability to effectively stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation remains a principle barrier to regeneration in the adult human heart. A tightly regulated, acute inflammatory response mediated by a range of cell types is required to initiate regenerative processes. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a potent lipid signaling molecule induced by inflammation, has been shown to promote regeneration and cell proliferation; however, the dynamics of PGE2 signaling in the context of heart regeneration remain underexplored. Here, we employ the regeneration-competent zebrafish to characterize components of the PGE2 signaling circuit following cardiac injury. In the regenerating adult heart, we documented an increase in PGE2 levels, concurrent with upregulation of cox2a and ptges, two genes critical for PGE2 synthesis. Furthermore, we identified the epicardium as the most prominent site for cox2a expression, thereby suggesting a role for this tissue as an inflammatory mediator. Injury also drove the opposing expression of PGE2 receptors, upregulating pro-restorative ptger2a and downregulating the opposing receptor ptger3. Importantly, treatment with pharmacological inhibitors of Cox2 activity suppressed both production of PGE2, and the proliferation of cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that injury-induced PGE2 signaling is key to stimulating cardiomyocyte proliferation during regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- MaryLynn FitzSimons
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, US.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, US
| | - Megan Beauchemin
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, US.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, US.,The University of New England, Biddeford, ME, 04005, US
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, US
| | - Erika G Stroh
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, US
| | - Daniel J Kelpsch
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, US.,Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Baltimore, MD, 21218, US
| | - Maureen C Lamb
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, US
| | - Tina L Tootle
- Anatomy and Cell Biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, US
| | - Viravuth P Yin
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, 04609, US. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, 04469, US.
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25
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Nep EI, Kaur N, Shaboun S, Adebisi AO, Smith AM, Conway BR, Asare-Addo K. Mechanical and release behaviour of theophylline from matrix tablets containing psyllium powder in combination with grewia polysaccharides. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 188:110809. [PMID: 31972440 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the effect of grewia polysaccharides on the mechanical and release properties of tablet matrices containing binary mixtures of the polysaccharide with psyllium. Two grades of grewia polysaccharides (GG and GDS) were extracted and binary mixtures of the polysaccharides with psyllium were formulated into tablet matrices containing theophylline as the model drug. The true, bulk and tapped densities, Carr's compressibility index of the powders and binary composites were determined before tablet compression. Tablet properties (hardness, porosity, and drug release from the matrices) were investigated. The dissolution test was carried out in 0.1 M HCl (pH 1.2) and phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). The results show that GG and GDS produced tablets with good mechanical strength (108.33 N and 95.70 N, respectively) while psyllium produced softer tablets (7.13 N). The combination of psyllium and grewia polysaccharides in the matrices resulted in a significant increase in the mechanical strength of the matrices when compared to matrices containing psyllium alone as the matrix former. The results also showed that GG and GDS reduced the dissolution rate and effectively eliminated the burst release of theophylline from the psyllium matrices at both pHs. The matrices of GG or GDS and the binary mixtures conform to non-Fickian anomalous diffusion with n > 0.45. When overcoming the burst release of drug from matrices such as psyllium, grewia polysaccharides may provide an effective reduction and a more sustained drug release from such matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Nep
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1, 3DH, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Jos, PMB 2084, Jos, 930001, Nigeria
| | - N Kaur
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1, 3DH, UK
| | - S Shaboun
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1, 3DH, UK; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benghazi, Libya
| | - A O Adebisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1, 3DH, UK
| | - A M Smith
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1, 3DH, UK
| | - B R Conway
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1, 3DH, UK
| | - K Asare-Addo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield, HD1, 3DH, UK.
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26
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Scifo A, Kuitems M, Neocleous A, Pope BJS, Miles D, Jansma E, Doeve P, Smith AM, Miyake F, Dee MW. Radiocarbon Production Events and their Potential Relationship with the Schwabe Cycle. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17056. [PMID: 31745128 PMCID: PMC6863917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53296-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Extreme cosmic radiation events occurred in the years 774/5 and 993/4 CE, as revealed by anomalies in the concentration of radiocarbon in known-age tree-rings. Most hypotheses point towards intense solar storms as the cause for these events, although little direct experimental support for this claim has thus far come to light. In this study, we perform very high-precision accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurements on dendrochronological tree-rings spanning the years of the events of interest, as well as the Carrington Event of 1859 CE, which is recognized as an extreme solar storm even though it did not generate an anomalous radiocarbon signature. Our data, comprising 169 new and previously published measurements, appear to delineate the modulation of radiocarbon production due to the Schwabe (11-year) solar cycle. Moreover, they suggest that all three events occurred around the maximum of the solar cycle, adding experimental support for a common solar origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scifo
- University of Groningen, Centre for Isotope Research, Nijenborgh 6, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - M Kuitems
- University of Groningen, Centre for Isotope Research, Nijenborgh 6, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - A Neocleous
- University of Cyprus, Department of Computer Science, 1 University Avenue, 2109, Aglantzia, Cyprus
| | - B J S Pope
- NASA Sagan Fellow, Center for Cosmology and Particle Physics and Center for Data Science, New York, NY, USA
| | - D Miles
- Oxford University, Oxford Dendrochronology Laboratory, Mill Farm, Mapledurham, Oxfordshire, RG4 7TX, United Kingdom
| | - E Jansma
- Cultural Heritage Agency of The Netherlands, Smallepad 5, 3811 MG, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - P Doeve
- Cultural Heritage Agency of The Netherlands, Smallepad 5, 3811 MG, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - A M Smith
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), New Illawarra Rd, Lucas Heights, NSW, 2234, Australia
| | - F Miyake
- Nagoya University, Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
| | - M W Dee
- University of Groningen, Centre for Isotope Research, Nijenborgh 6, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
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27
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Jensen-Doss A, Smith AM, Walsh LM, Mora Ringle V, Casline E, Patel Z, Shaw AM, Maxwell C, Hanson R, Webster R. Preaching to the Choir? Predictors of Engagement in a Community-Based Learning Collaborative. Adm Policy Ment Health 2019; 47:10.1007/s10488-019-00985-4. [PMID: 31617139 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-019-00985-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study examined predictors of engagement among 283 professionals from 34 agencies participating in three community-based learning collaboratives (CBLCs) on trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (TF-CBT). Only 50.2% of participants completed the CBLC, primarily due to not attending consultation calls or completing training cases. While higher engagement was associated with being trauma-informed and using more of the TF-CBT components prior to the CBLC, most predictors were not significant, perhaps due to ceiling effects. Positive attitudes and high organizational support were not sufficient to ensure engagement. Future research using longitudinal measurement of a wider range of predictors is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Jensen-Doss
- University of Miami, Coral Gables, USA.
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA.
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28
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Fung TM, Gallego Lazo C, Smith AM. Elasticity and energy dissipation in the double network hydrogel adhesive of the slug Arion subfuscus. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 374:20190201. [PMID: 31495311 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The slug Arion subfuscus produces a mucus-based defensive secretion that is remarkably tough. This glue appears to be a double network hydrogel, gaining its toughness through the synergistic actions of two networks of polymers, a relatively stiff network and a relatively deformable network. The double network mechanism has great potential to guide the development of synthetic adhesives. Mechanical tests were performed to analyse key predictions of the mechanism. Stress relaxation tests and tensile tests support the presence of stable cross-links. Cyclic stress-strain tests demonstrate that the glue dissipates a great deal of energy through the failure of these cross-links as sacrificial bonds. Energy dissipation by failure of sacrificial bonds rather than viscous processes is supported by the minimal effect of the time course of the experiments on the measured properties. These sacrificial bonds appear able to reform within minutes after failure. Finally, the glue's stiffness decreases at pH values below 5.5, whereas magnesium and calcium rapidly dissociate from the glue at all pH values tested. Thus, these ions may not be the primary cross-linkers generating the glue's stiffness. This article is part of the theme issue 'Transdisciplinary approaches to the study of adhesion and adhesives in biological systems'.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-M Fung
- Department of Biology, Ithaca College, 953 Danby Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - C Gallego Lazo
- Department of Biology, Ithaca College, 953 Danby Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - A M Smith
- Department of Biology, Ithaca College, 953 Danby Road, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
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29
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Mora Ringle VA, Walsh LM, Maxwell CA, Smith AM, Grossman RA, Becker SJ, Jensen-Doss A. Understanding of evidence-based mental health care and the perceived importance of scientific information in a sample of U.S. adults. J Clin Psychol 2019; 76:161-175. [PMID: 31491053 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This online survey sought to qualitatively ascertain the extent to which a sample of U.S. adults understood the concept of evidence-based mental health care (EBMHC). Additional goals included assessing the perceived importance of scientific information in EBMHC, and examining whether understanding EBMHC and science values varied as a function of participant factors. METHOD Participants (N = 221) defined EBMHC and rated the importance of scientific information. Open-ended EBMHC definitions were content-coded, and binomial logistic and linear regressions examined predictors of accurately defining EBMHC and of the perceived importance of scientific information. RESULTS Participants endorsed seven definitions of EBMHC, and only 20% defined it accurately. Having greater knowledge about mental health conditions was associated with understanding EBMHC and with the higher perceived importance of scientific information. Greater help-seeking efficacy also predicted higher perceived importance of scientific information. CONCLUSIONS Results support customized strategies to promote basic EBMHC education among U.S. adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia M Walsh
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida
| | - Colleen A Maxwell
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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30
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Shuford S, Wilhelm C, Rayner M, Elrod A, Millard M, Mattingly C, Lotstein A, Smith AM, Guo QJ, O'Donnell L, Elder J, Puls L, Weroha SJ, Hou X, Zanfagnin V, Nick A, Stany MP, Maxwell GL, Conrads T, Sood AK, Orr D, Holmes LM, Gevaert M, Crosswell HE, DesRochers TM. Prospective Validation of an Ex Vivo, Patient-Derived 3D Spheroid Model for Response Predictions in Newly Diagnosed Ovarian Cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11153. [PMID: 31371750 PMCID: PMC6671958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47578-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although 70–80% of newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients respond to first-line therapy, almost all relapse and five-year survival remains below 50%. One strategy to increase five-year survival is prolonging time to relapse by improving first-line therapy response. However, no biomarker today can accurately predict individual response to therapy. In this study, we present analytical and prospective clinical validation of a new test that utilizes primary patient tissue in 3D cell culture to make patient-specific response predictions prior to initiation of treatment in the clinic. Test results were generated within seven days of tissue receipt from newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients obtained at standard surgical debulking or laparoscopic biopsy. Patients were followed for clinical response to chemotherapy. In a study population of 44, the 32 test-predicted Responders had a clinical response rate of 100% across both adjuvant and neoadjuvant treated populations with an overall prediction accuracy of 89% (39 of 44, p < 0.0001). The test also functioned as a prognostic readout with test-predicted Responders having a significantly increased progression-free survival compared to test-predicted Non-Responders, p = 0.01. This correlative accuracy establishes the test’s potential to benefit ovarian cancer patients through accurate prediction of patient-specific response before treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Christina Mattingly
- KIYATEC, Inc., Greenville, South Carolina, USA.,USC School of Medicine, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Alina Lotstein
- KIYATEC, Inc., Greenville, South Carolina, USA.,ECPI University, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Qi Jin Guo
- KIYATEC, Inc., Greenville, South Carolina, USA.,MUSC College of Medicine, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Lauren O'Donnell
- KIYATEC, Inc., Greenville, South Carolina, USA.,SYNNEX Corporation, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Larry Puls
- Prisma Health, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
| | - S John Weroha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Xiaonan Hou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Alpa Nick
- Saint Thomas Health/Ascension, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - G Larry Maxwell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Thomas Conrads
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Departments of Gynecologic Oncology and Cancer Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David Orr
- KIYATEC, Inc., Greenville, South Carolina, USA.,MacuLogix, Inc, Middletown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Howland E Crosswell
- KIYATEC, Inc., Greenville, South Carolina, USA.,Bon Secours St. Francis, Greenville, South Carolina, USA
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Smith AM, Holmes L, Dobrolecki LE, Kanos C, Gardner S, Hodge P, Lynn M, Edenfield J, Lewis MT, Crosswell HE, DesRochers TM. Abstract 53: Ex vivo models of glioblastoma: a comparison of 3D tissues and patient-derived xenografts to clinical response. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Standard first-line treatment of newly diagnosed Glioblastoma (GBM) is primarily radiotherapy and Temozolomide (TMZ) with a strong NCCN recommendation of enrollment in clinical trials. The only biomarker that can currently provide a stratification of strong and poor responders to standard of care is methylation of MGMT which indicates a median PFS of 10.3 months for methylated patients and 5.3 months for unmethylated patients. Development of patient-specific in vitro models of GBM for rapid testing of therapeutic options may yield more efficacious therapies and faster, more accurate assignation of therapies to each patient. To that end, we have developed a multi-faceted, patient-based 3D GBM model with modularity that facilitates increasing levels of model complexity such as the inclusion of immune cell components. Stable populations of glioma stem cells (GSC) from 24 of 41 patient samples have been successfully established, verified for stemness through limited dilution in in vitro and in vivo studies, and cultured long-term with minimal molecular changes, as determined from genetic analyses including RT-PCR arrays and MGMT methylation status, flow cytometry, and IHC. These cell populations have been used to establish and validate our 3D model system as well as generate comparable patient-derived xenografts (PDX). KIYATEC’s 3D microtumor in our 3DKUBE™ perfusion system provides a moderate throughput, dynamic system that is easily controlled to establish complex microtumors. GSC cell populations were cultured in monoculture only, co-cultured with human brain endothelial cells (HBEC), and tri-cultured with HBEC and CD14+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Three microtumors were characterized by drug response to TMZ and axitinib, IHC, and molecular profiling including RNA expression and MGMT methylation status. Interestingly, increasing the complexity of the microtumor was capable of reestablishing the primary tumor MGMT methylation status if it were lost during culturing. We also generated PDX models from the same 3 patient tumor tissues as the above 3D models. PDX are a low throughput, time consuming, and expensive model that are still utilized for many systemic drug response studies and therefore a good comparator to the 3D tissue models we established. In vitro drug response in the 3D tissue models has been compared to both the matched PDX in vivo drug response and the patient’s clinical response to TMZ and MGMT methylation. Our data supports that KIYATEC’s complex patient-derived GBM model can be successfully used to identify, screen, and characterize novel treatments of GBM.
Citation Format: Ashley M. Smith, Lillia Holmes, Lacey E. Dobrolecki, Charles Kanos, Stephen Gardner, Philip Hodge, Michael Lynn, Jeff Edenfield, Michael T. Lewis, Howland E. Crosswell, Teresa M. DesRochers. Ex vivo models of glioblastoma: a comparison of 3D tissues and patient-derived xenografts to clinical response [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 53.
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Smith AM, Dykeman CA, King BL, Yin VP. RETRACTED: Modulation of TNFα Activity by the microRNA Let-7 Coordinates Zebrafish Heart Regeneration. iScience 2019; 17:225-229. [PMID: 31307002 PMCID: PMC6629608 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Shuford S, Wilhelm C, Smith AM, Rayner M, Stuart J, Holmes L, Gevaert M, Crosswell HE, DesRochers TM. Abstract 2240: Redefining personalized medicine by drug response profiling of patient-derived spheroids. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-2240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Personalized medicine in cancer typically refers to the use of genetics and/or biomarkers to direct the use of targeted therapy or predict overall prognosis based on statistical probability. Therapy selection and predictions are not based on any physical interaction between a patient’s tumor cells to clinically relevant therapies based on their disease indication. We have developed an assay using 3D cell culture that exposes a patient’s tumor cells to standard of care chemotherapies for the purpose of predicting their clinical response to potential treatment options prior to treatment. We have analytically validated this assay enabling its performance under CLIA regulations as a Laboratory Developed Test (LDT) and prospectively validated it against clinical patient outcome in ovarian cancer. The test utilizes excess fresh patient tissue acquired during standard of care surgical debulking or biopsy and returns results within 7 business days of tissue receipt, typically well before the start of chemotherapy. Previously, we have shown in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer, the test has an accuracy of 87% with a specificity of 100% and a sensitivity of 84% in the prediction of standard first-line carboplatin/taxol combination therapy using the biomarker CA-125 and CT imaging as clinical readouts. We have similar results for the prediction of response to neoadjuvant therapy following laparoscopic biopsy using RECIST criteria. We have now analytically validated the assay in glioblastoma (GBM) and rare tumors. Preliminary clinical validation in GBM has shown the ability of the test to accurately predict response to standard first-line temozolomide using RANO criteria as the clinical readout. Rare tumor validation has included a panel of 12 drugs covering those used as standard of care for most rare tumors. Aspects of validation have included examining inter- and intra-assay variability and drug panel response in a defined number of rare tumors including sarcomas, neuroendocrine, and other tumors such as Sertoli-Leydig. In breast cancer, we have validated the assay for the use of a single diagnostic biopsy core as the tissue source and established preliminary clinical validation against standard of care such as doxorubicin and paclitaxel with pathologic complete response (pCR) as the clinical readout. We are further validating the predictive ability of the test in newly diagnosed and relapsed ovarian cancer and GBM patients (clinical trial NCT03561207). With demonstrated accurate prediction of patient specific response, the transition to cancer therapy selection based on physical evidence vs statistical probability would significantly improve patient outcomes and benefit economic stakeholders.
Citation Format: Stephen Shuford, Christine Wilhelm, Ashley M. Smith, Melissa Rayner, Jeremy Stuart, Lillia Holmes, Matt Gevaert, Howland E. Crosswell, Teresa M. DesRochers. Redefining personalized medicine by drug response profiling of patient-derived spheroids [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2240.
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Thacoor A, Pike TW, Pathak S, Dixon J, Macutkiewicz C, Smith AM. The role of intraoperative cholangiography in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute gallstone pancreatitis: is magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography needed? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2019; 101:428-431. [PMID: 31155897 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2019.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intraoperative cholangiography is sporadically used in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy to delineate common bile duct anatomy and exclude retained stones. In patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis, intraoperative cholangiography may reduce the need for preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective review of a prospectively collected patient database was undertaken over a 15-year period. The primary objective was to evaluate intraoperative assessment of the common bile duct with intraoperative cholangiography in patients with acute gallstone pancreatitis. RESULTS A total of 2215 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy between October 1998 and December 2013; 113 patients (of whom 77 were women) with a mean age of 54 years (range 16-88 years) were diagnosed with acute gallstone pancreatitis. Of these, 102 patients (90%) underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with intraoperative cholangiography, which was normal in 89 cases. Thirteen patients had choledocholithiasis on intraoperative cholangiography, 11 of whom were managed with concomitant trans-cystic duct exploration and clearance. Two patients required postoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. CONCLUSIONS In patients diagnosed with acute gallstone pancreatitis, it is reasonable to proceed directly to surgery using intraoperative cholangiography on the same admission as the definitive assessment of the common bile duct. This negates the need for magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography and can translate into cost savings and reduced length of stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Thacoor
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Leeds , UK
| | - T W Pike
- Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Leeds , UK
| | - S Pathak
- Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Leeds , UK
| | - J Dixon
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds , Leeds , UK
| | - C Macutkiewicz
- Department of HPB Surgery, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Oxford Road , Manchester , UK
| | - A M Smith
- Department of HPB and Transplant Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust , Leeds , UK
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Jensen-Doss A, Smith AM, Becker-Haimes EM, Mora Ringle V, Walsh LM, Nanda M, Walsh SL, Maxwell CA, Lyon AR. Individualized Progress Measures Are More Acceptable to Clinicians Than Standardized Measures: Results of a National Survey. Adm Policy Ment Health 2019; 45:392-403. [PMID: 29143173 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-017-0833-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite research supporting measurement-based care grounded in standardized progress measures, such measures are underutilized by clinicians. Individualized measures of client-specific targets present an alternative, but little is known about their acceptability or use. We compared attitudes toward and use of standardized and individualized progress measures in a national sample of 504 clinicians. Clinicians reported neutral to positive attitudes toward both types of measures, but strongly preferred and were more likely to use individualized measures. Clinician attitudes, theoretical orientation, and work setting predicted assessment preferences and practices. Implications for dissemination and implementation of measurement-based care are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Jensen-Doss
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA.
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA.,University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | | | - Vanesa Mora Ringle
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA
| | - Lucia M Walsh
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA
| | - Monica Nanda
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA
| | | | - Colleen A Maxwell
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA
| | - Aaron R Lyon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Smith AM, Dykeman CA, King BL, Yin VP. Modulation of TNFα Activity by the microRNA Let-7 Coordinates Zebrafish Heart Regeneration. iScience 2019; 15:1-15. [PMID: 31026665 PMCID: PMC6482333 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult zebrafish is capable of regenerating heart muscle, resolving collagen tissue, and fully restoring heart function throughout its life. In this study, we show that the highly upregulated, epicardium-enriched microRNA let-7i functions in wound closure and cardiomyocyte proliferation. RNA sequencing experiments identified upregulated expression of members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway in the absence of let-7. Importantly, co-suppression of TNF and let-7 activity rescued epicardium migration and cardiomyocyte proliferation defects induced by depletion of let-7 alone. Sensitizing animals to low levels of TNF activity before injury culminated in repressed cardiomyocyte proliferation and wound closure defects, suggesting that levels of inflammation at the onset of injury are critical for heart regeneration. Our studies indicate that injury-induced reduction in TNF signaling by let-7 in the epicardium creates a pro-regenerative environment for cardiomyocyte proliferation during adult heart regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Smith
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Christina A Dykeman
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA
| | - Benjamin L King
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA; Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - Viravuth P Yin
- Kathryn W. Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, MDI Biological Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA.
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Smith AM, Pankey CL, Odhiambo JF, Ghnenis AB, Nathanielsz PW, Ford SP. Rapid Communication: Reduced maternal nutrition during early- to mid-gestation elevates newborn lamb plasma cortisol concentrations and eliminates the neonatal leptin surge. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:2640-2645. [PMID: 29982763 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human epidemiological and animal studies show that maternal nutrient reduction (MNR) and maternal overnutrition/obesity (MO) alter fetal growth and development, predisposing offspring (F1) to endocrine and appetite dysregulation. Compared to F1 of control-fed ewes, F1 of MO ewes display hypercortisolemia at birth and fail to exhibit the neonatal leptin surge implicated in lifelong appetite regulation. Here, we determined if MNR also elevates newborn lamb plasma cortisol and eliminates the neonatal leptin surge. Starting 30 d prior to conception, nulliparous control (CON, n = 6) ewes ate 100% NRC recommendations through parturition. Nutrient-reduced (NR, n = 6) ewes ate a CON diet through day 27 of gestation. From gestational days 28 to 78, NR ewes ate 50% of the CON diet before realimentation to 100% NRC recommendations. Jugular blood was collected daily from lambs from birth (day 0) through postnatal day 10, to determine plasma cortisol and leptin. Newborn NR plasma cortisol concentrations were increased (P < 0.0001) vs. CON and were similar to concentrations in MO lambs. Plasma leptin concentrations were similar between groups through postnatal day 7. The leptin surge, seen in CON lambs on postnatal days 8 to 10 was not present in NR lambs. These data show that, similar to MO lambs, early pregnancy MNR elevates newborn lamb plasma cortisol and eliminates the neonatal leptin surge. In the light of the similar elevation of neonatal cortisol in MNR and MO lambs, we conclude that cortisol plays a central role in regulating the neonatal lamb leptin surge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Smith
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY
| | - Chris L Pankey
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY
| | - John F Odhiambo
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY
| | - Adel B Ghnenis
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY
| | - Peter W Nathanielsz
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY
| | - Stephen P Ford
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY
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Smith AM, Millard M, Holmes L, Lewis MT, Dobrolecki LE, Kanos C, Gardner S, Hodge P, Nelson F, Lynn M, Edenfield J, Corless C, Schammel D, Crosswell HE, DesRochers TM. Abstract 1121: Profiling patient-specific glioblastoma drug response in vitro using complex 3D microtumors. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) has a median survival of less than 2 years due to intra-tumoral heterogeneity, diffuse infiltrations of adjacent brain tissue, and a lack of effective therapies. Development of more efficacious therapies will require better GBM models for the testing and identification of novel agents. Towards this end, we have successfully developed a GBM 3D tissue model that can provide in vitro, patient-specific compound screening. Stable populations of glioma stem cells (GSC) from 24 of 41 patient samples have been successfully established and cultured long-term with minimal changes. To confirm stemness of the GSC population, we have successfully established a limiting-dilution series within SCID/Bg mice and characterized the resultant tumors. 4 of these lines have been used to establish patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models in mice. The original, primary patient tissue established GSC populations, and the resultant PDX tissues have been characterized by flow cytometry, IHC, RNA expression, NGS, and MGMT methylation status. With the goal of better modeling the patient tumor tissue in vitro, our GSC populations have also been used to establish complex microtumors within the KIYATEC 3DKUBE™ perfusion system, consisting of monoculture GSCs, GSCs co-cultured with human brain endothelial cells (HBECs), and GSCs co-cultured with HBECs and CD14+ peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Our monoculture microtumors consisting of only GSCs show a maintenance of GSC markers Nestin and Sox2 by both IHC and mRNA. Interestingly, when these cells are used to produce PDX, they up-regulate GFAP as a marker of differentiation that is not observed in the neurosphere or monoculture microtumor cultures. We have shown these 3D models to be viable for more than 1 month in perfusion and to be effective models for drug compound screening by dosing the microtumors on a weekly basis with temozolomide (TMZ). We have correlated TMZ response to MGMT methylation as reported both clinically and measured in vitro. Finally, In vitro drug response has been compared to both matched PDX in vivo drug response and the patient's clinical response to TMZ and MGMT methylation. Our data supports that this complex, 3D, patient-derived GBM model can be used to effectively screen, identify and characterize novel treatments of GBM.
Citation Format: Ashley M. Smith, Melissa Millard, Lillia Holmes, Michael T. Lewis, Lacey E. Dobrolecki, Charles Kanos, Stephen Gardner, Philip Hodge, Fred Nelson, Michael Lynn, Jeff Edenfield, Christopher Corless, David Schammel, Howland E. Crosswell, Teresa M. DesRochers. Profiling patient-specific glioblastoma drug response in vitro using complex 3D microtumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1121.
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King BL, Rosenstein MC, Smith AM, Dykeman CA, Smith GA, Yin VP. RegenDbase: a comparative database of noncoding RNA regulation of tissue regeneration circuits across multiple taxa. NPJ Regen Med 2018; 3:10. [PMID: 29872545 PMCID: PMC5973935 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-018-0049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration is an endogenous process of tissue repair that culminates in complete restoration of tissue and organ function. While regenerative capacity in mammals is limited to select tissues, lower vertebrates like zebrafish and salamanders are endowed with the capacity to regenerate entire limbs and most adult tissues, including heart muscle. Numerous profiling studies have been conducted using these research models in an effort to identify the genetic circuits that accompany tissue regeneration. Most of these studies, however, are confined to an individual injury model and/or research organism and focused primarily on protein encoding transcripts. Here we describe RegenDbase, a new database with the functionality to compare and contrast gene regulatory pathways within and across tissues and research models. RegenDbase combines pipelines that integrate analysis of noncoding RNAs in combination with protein encoding transcripts. We created RegenDbase with a newly generated comprehensive dataset for adult zebrafish heart regeneration combined with existing microarray and RNA-sequencing studies on multiple injured tissues. In this current release, we detail microRNA-mRNA regulatory circuits and the biological processes these interactions control during the early stages of heart regeneration. Moreover, we identify known and putative novel lncRNAs and identify their potential target genes based on proximity searches. We postulate that these candidate factors underscore robust regenerative capacity in lower vertebrates. RegenDbase provides a systems-level analysis of tissue regeneration genetic circuits across injury and animal models and addresses the growing need to understand how noncoding RNAs influence these changes in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L. King
- Kathryn Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, ME 04672 USA
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA
| | - Michael C. Rosenstein
- Kathryn Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, ME 04672 USA
- Present Address: RockStep Solutions, Portland, ME 04101 USA
| | - Ashley M. Smith
- Kathryn Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, ME 04672 USA
| | - Christina A. Dykeman
- Kathryn Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, ME 04672 USA
| | - Grace A. Smith
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA
- University of Maine Honors College, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA
| | - Viravuth P. Yin
- Kathryn Davis Center for Regenerative Biology and Medicine, Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory, Salisbury Cove, ME 04672 USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA
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Pradhan S, Smith AM, Garson CJ, Hassani I, Seeto WJ, Pant K, Arnold RD, Prabhakarpandian B, Lipke EA. A Microvascularized Tumor-mimetic Platform for Assessing Anti-cancer Drug Efficacy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3171. [PMID: 29453454 PMCID: PMC5816595 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessment of anti-cancer drug efficacy in in vitro three-dimensional (3D) bioengineered cancer models provides important contextual and relevant information towards pre-clinical translation of potential drug candidates. However, currently established models fail to sufficiently recapitulate complex tumor heterogeneity. Here we present a chip-based tumor-mimetic platform incorporating a 3D in vitro breast cancer model with a tumor-mimetic microvascular network, replicating the pathophysiological architecture of native vascularized breast tumors. The microfluidic platform facilitated formation of mature, lumenized and flow-aligned endothelium under physiological flow recapitulating both high and low perfused tumor regions. Metastatic and non-metastatic breast cancer cells were maintained in long-term 3D co-culture with stromal fibroblasts in a poly(ethylene glycol)-fibrinogen hydrogel matrix within adjoining tissue chambers. The interstitial space between the chambers and endothelium contained pores to mimic the “leaky” vasculature found in vivo and facilitate cancer cell-endothelial cell communication. Microvascular pattern-dependent flow variations induced concentration gradients within the 3D tumor mass, leading to morphological tumor heterogeneity. Anti-cancer drugs displayed cell type- and flow pattern-dependent effects on cancer cell viability, viable tumor area and associated endothelial cytotoxicity. Overall, the developed microfluidic tumor-mimetic platform facilitates investigation of cancer-stromal-endothelial interactions and highlights the role of a fluidic, tumor-mimetic vascular network on anti-cancer drug delivery and efficacy for improved translation towards pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shantanu Pradhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Biomedical Technology, CFD Research Corporation, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Charles J Garson
- Biomedical Technology, CFD Research Corporation, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Iman Hassani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Wen J Seeto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Kapil Pant
- Biomedical Technology, CFD Research Corporation, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth A Lipke
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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Straney PJ, Diemler NA, Smith AM, Eddinger ZE, Gilliam MS, Millstone JE. Ligand-Mediated Deposition of Noble Metals at Nanoparticle Plasmonic Hotspots. Langmuir 2018; 34:1084-1091. [PMID: 29148778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of gold nanoparticle surface chemistry as a tool for site-selective noble metal deposition onto colloidal gold nanoparticle substrates. Specifically, we demonstrate that partial passivation of the gold nanoparticle surface using thiolated ligands can induce a transition from linear palladium island deposition to growth of palladium selectively at plasmonic hotspots on the edges or vertices of the underlying particle substrate. Further, we demonstrate the broader applicability of this approach with respect to substrate morphology (e.g., prismatic and rod-shaped nanoparticles), secondary metal (e.g., palladium, gold, and platinum), and surface ligand (e.g., surfactant molecules and n-alkanethiols). Taken together, these results demonstrate the important role of metal-ligand surface chemistry and ligand packing density on the resulting modes of multimetallic nanoparticle growth, and in particular, the ability to direct that growth to particle regions of impact such as plasmonic hotspots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Straney
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Nathan A Diemler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Zachary E Eddinger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Matthew S Gilliam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jill E Millstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh , 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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Jensen-Doss A, Haimes EMB, Smith AM, Lyon AR, Lewis CC, Stanick CF, Hawley KM. Monitoring Treatment Progress and Providing Feedback is Viewed Favorably but Rarely Used in Practice. Adm Policy Ment Health 2018; 45:48-61. [PMID: 27631610 PMCID: PMC5495625 DOI: 10.1007/s10488-016-0763-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Numerous trials demonstrate that monitoring client progress and using feedback for clinical decision-making enhances treatment outcomes, but available data suggest these practices are rare in clinical settings and no psychometrically validated measures exist for assessing attitudinal barriers to these practices. This national survey of 504 clinicians collected data on attitudes toward and use of monitoring and feedback. Two new measures were developed and subjected to factor analysis: The monitoring and feedback attitudes scale (MFA), measuring general attitudes toward monitoring and feedback, and the attitudes toward standardized assessment scales-monitoring and feedback (ASA-MF), measuring attitudes toward standardized progress tools. Both measures showed good fit to their final factor solutions, with excellent internal consistency for all subscales. Scores on the MFA subscales (Benefit, Harm) indicated that clinicians hold generally positive attitudes toward monitoring and feedback, but scores on the ASA-MF subscales (Clinical Utility, Treatment Planning, Practicality) were relatively neutral. Providers with cognitive-behavioral theoretical orientations held more positive attitudes. Only 13.9 % of clinicians reported using standardized progress measures at least monthly and 61.5 % never used them. Providers with more positive attitudes reported higher use, providing initial support for the predictive validity of the ASA-MF and MFA. Thus, while clinicians report generally positive attitudes toward monitoring and feedback, routine collection of standardized progress measures remains uncommon. Implications for the dissemination and implementation of monitoring and feedback systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Jensen-Doss
- Child Division, Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA.
| | - Emily M Becker Haimes
- Child Division, Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Child Division, Department of Psychology, University of Miami, P.O. Box 248185, Coral Gables, FL, 33124-0751, USA
| | | | - Cara C Lewis
- University of Washington, Seattle, USA
- Indiana University, Bloomington, USA
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Crawford SE, Andolina CM, Kaseman DC, Ryoo BH, Smith AM, Johnston KA, Millstone JE. Efficient Energy Transfer from Near-Infrared Emitting Gold Nanoparticles to Pendant Ytterbium(III). J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17767-17770. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott E. Crawford
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Christopher M. Andolina
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Derrick C. Kaseman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Bo Hyung Ryoo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ashley M. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Kathryn A. Johnston
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Jill E. Millstone
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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45
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Vernon Z, Menotti M, Tison CC, Steidle JA, Fanto ML, Thomas PM, Preble SF, Smith AM, Alsing PM, Liscidini M, Sipe JE. Truly unentangled photon pairs without spectral filtering. Opt Lett 2017; 42:3638-3641. [PMID: 28914921 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.003638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that an integrated silicon microring resonator is capable of efficiently producing photon pairs that are completely unentangled; such pairs are a key component of heralded single-photon sources. A dual-channel interferometric coupling scheme can be used to independently tune the quality factors associated with the pump and signal and idler modes, yielding a biphoton wavefunction with a Schmidt number arbitrarily close to unity. This will permit the generation of heralded single-photon states with unit purity.
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46
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Nep EI, Mahdi MH, Adebisi AO, Dawson C, Walton K, Bills PJ, Conway BR, Smith AM, Asare-Addo K. The influence of hydroalcoholic media on the performance of Grewia polysaccharide in sustained release tablets. Int J Pharm 2017; 532:352-364. [PMID: 28903068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Co-administration of drugs with alcohol can affect the plasma concentration of drugs in patients. It is also known that the excipients used in the formulation of drugs may not always be resistant to alcohol. This study evaluates effect of varying alcohol concentrations on theophylline release from two grades of Grewia mollis polysaccharides. X-ray microtomography showed that native polysaccharide formulation compacts were not homogenous after the mixing process resulting in its failure in swelling studies. Removal of starch from the native polysaccharide resulted in homogenous formulation compacts resistant to damage in high alcoholic media in pH 6.8 (40%v/v absolute ethanol). Destarched polymer compacts had a significantly higher hardness (375N) than that of the native polysaccharide (82N) and HPMC K4M (146N). Dissolution studies showed similarity at all levels of alcohol tested (f2=57-91) in simulated gastric media (pH 1.2). The dissolution profiles in the simulated intestinal fluids were also similar (f2=60-94), with the exception of the native polysaccharide in pH 6.8 (40%v/v absolute ethanol) (f2=43). This work highlights the properties of Grewia polysaccharide as a matrix former that can resist high alcoholic effects therefore; it may be suitable as an alternative to some of the commercially available matrix formers with wider applications for drug delivery as a cheaper alternative in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Nep
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Jos, PMB 2084, Jos 930001, Nigeria.
| | - M H Mahdi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - A O Adebisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - C Dawson
- EPSRC Future Metrology Hub, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - K Walton
- EPSRC Future Metrology Hub, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - P J Bills
- EPSRC Future Metrology Hub, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - B R Conway
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - A M Smith
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - K Asare-Addo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
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Beurmann S, Ushijima B, Svoboda CM, Videau P, Smith AM, Donachie SP, Aeby GS, Callahan SM. Pseudoalteromonas piratica sp. nov., a budding, prosthecate bacterium from diseased Montipora capitata, and emended description of the genus Pseudoalteromonas. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:2683-2688. [PMID: 28792373 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterium designated OCN003T was cultivated from mucus taken from a diseased colony of the coral Montipora capitata in Kāne'ohe Bay, O'ahu, Hawai'i. Colonies of OCN003T were pale yellow, 1-3 mm in diameter, convex, smooth and entire. The strain was heterotrophic, strictly aerobic and strictly halophilic. Cells of OCN003T produced buds on peritrichous prosthecae. Growth occurred within the pH range of 5.5 to 10, and the temperature range of 14 to 39 °C. Major fatty acids were 16 : 1ω7c, 16 : 0, 18 : 1ω7c, 17 : 1ω8c, 12 : 0 3-OH and 17 : 0. Phylogenetic analysis of 1399 nucleotides of the 16S rRNA gene nucleotide sequence and a multi-locus sequence analysis of three genes placed OCN003T in the genus Pseudoalteromonas and indicated that the nearest relatives described are Pseudoalteromonas spongiae, P. luteoviolacea, P. ruthenica and P. phenolica(97-99 % sequence identity). The DNA G+C content of the strain's genome was 40.0 mol%. Based on in silico DNA-DNA hybridization and phenotypic differences from related type strains, we propose that OCN003T represents the type strain of a novel species in the genus Pseudoalteromonas, proposed as Pseudoalteromonas piratica sp. nov. OCN003T (=CCOS1042T=CIP 111189T). An emended description of the genus Pseudoalteromonas is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Beurmann
- Present address: Institute for GenomeSciences, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI 96744, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Snyder Hall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Blake Ushijima
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, 105 Magruder Hall, 700 SW 30th Street, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Christina M Svoboda
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Patrick Videau
- Biology Department, Dakota State University, College of Arts and Sciences, Science Center, 820 N Washington Ave, Madison, SD 57042, USA
| | - Ashley M Smith
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Snyder Hall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.,Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Stuart P Donachie
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Snyder Hall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Greta S Aeby
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI 96744, USA
| | - Sean M Callahan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Snyder Hall, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.,Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI 96744, USA
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Tuersunjiang N, Odhiambo JF, Shasa DR, Smith AM, Nathanielsz PW, Ford SP. Maternal obesity programs reduced leptin signaling in the pituitary and altered GH/IGF1 axis function leading to increased adiposity in adult sheep offspring. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181795. [PMID: 28771488 PMCID: PMC5542597 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in rodents highlight a role for leptin in stimulation of pituitary growth hormone (GH) secretion, with an impact on body composition regulation. We have reported that maternal obesity (MO) during ovine pregnancy results in hyperphagia, glucose-insulin dysregulation, increased adiposity, hypercortisolemia and hyperleptinemia in mature offspring subjected to a bout of ad libitum feeding. We hypothesized that MO reduces leptin signaling in the pituitary and down regulates the GH/IGF1 axis and increases circulating cortisol leading to increased adiposity in their adult offspring. Male lambs born to MO (n = 6) or control (CON, n = 6) ewes were fed only to requirements until placed on a 12 week ad libitum feeding trial at maturity. The pituitary, hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, and liver were collected at necropsy and mRNA and protein expression determined. Plasma cortisol concentrations were increased (P<0.05) in MO vs. CON offspring at the end of the feeding trial. Further, serum concentrations of IGF1 decreased (P<0.01) and GH tended to decrease (P<0.08) in MO vs. CON offspring. Pituitary mRNA and leptin receptor protein expression were decreased in MO vs. CON offspring in association with decreased GH mRNA expression, and decreased IGF1 mRNA and protein expression in liver. Liver 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11βHSD1) expression was increased (P<0.01) and its cofactor hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase tended to increase (P<0.06) in MO vs. CON offspring. 11βHSD2 expression remained unchanged. These data indicate that MO induced an increase in liver conversion of cortisone to cortisol in adult offspring and support a role for leptin signaling in the pituitary in mediating offspring adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuermaimaiti Tuersunjiang
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - John F. Odhiambo
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Desiree R. Shasa
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Ashley M. Smith
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Peter W. Nathanielsz
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Stephen P. Ford
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
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49
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Pankey CL, Walton MW, Odhiambo JF, Smith AM, Ghnenis AB, Nathanielsz PW, Ford SP. Intergenerational impact of maternal overnutrition and obesity throughout pregnancy in sheep on metabolic syndrome in grandsons and granddaughters. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2017; 60:67-74. [PMID: 28527530 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that maternal overnutrition and obesity (MO) throughout pregnancy and lactation in sheep (MOF0) decreases term fetal pancreatic β-cell numbers and increases perirenal adiposity producing hyperphagia, increased adiposity and insulin resistance in adult female offspring (MOF1) fed ad libitum. Pregnant female MOF1 exhibited increased blood glucose from mid to late gestation vs control F1 (CTRF1) though both groups ate only to NRC recommendations. MOF1 ewes delivered female offspring (F2) who like their MOF1 mothers exhibited increased abdominal adiposity and absent neonatal leptin surge. In the current work, we determined if adult MOF2 exhibited metabolic syndrome components when fed ad libitum. After weaning, MOF2 males (n = 5), MOF2 females (n = 6), CTRF2 males (n = 5), and CTRF2 females (n = 6) were fed to NRC requirements until 19 mo followed by 12-wk ad libitum feeding. Body weight and % fat increased (P < 0.01) in all F2 during this feeding trial. MOF2 males were heavier (P < 0.01) than CTRF2 males and females, and MOF2 females throughout the trial. By wk 8, baseline blood glucose concentrations increased (P < 0.001) in MOF2 females, but not other groups, remaining elevated throughout the trial. Baseline insulin was similar through wk 6, increasing (P < 0.05) at wk 8 in MOF2 females only. MOF2 female insulin returned to CTRF2 female levels during wk 10 and 12. The progressive increase of plasma glucose on wk 8 in association with increased insulin in MOF2 females but not other groups demonstrated a diet-induced increase (P < 0.001) in MOF2 female insulin resistance. The subsequent decline in insulin during wk 10 and 12 despite elevated glucose in MOF2 females is consistent with a decrease in glucose-stimulated pancreatic β-cell function. These data indicate that ad libitum feeding exceeds the pancreatic secretory response predisposing MOF2 females to hyperglycemia. Furthermore, there was a sex difference where MOF2 males increased body mass and MOF2 females displayed insulin/glucose dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Pankey
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - M W Walton
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - J F Odhiambo
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - A M Smith
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - A B Ghnenis
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - P W Nathanielsz
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - S P Ford
- Center for the Study of Fetal Programming, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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50
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Baker KS, Campos J, Pichel M, Della Gaspera A, Duarte-Martínez F, Campos-Chacón E, Bolaños-Acuña HM, Guzmán-Verri C, Mather AE, Diaz Velasco S, Zamudio Rojas ML, Forbester JL, Connor TR, Keddy KH, Smith AM, López de Delgado EA, Angiolillo G, Cuaical N, Fernández J, Aguayo C, Morales Aguilar M, Valenzuela C, Morales Medrano AJ, Sirok A, Weiler Gustafson N, Diaz Guevara PL, Montaño LA, Perez E, Thomson NR. Whole genome sequencing of Shigella sonnei through PulseNet Latin America and Caribbean: advancing global surveillance of foodborne illnesses. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017; 23:845-853. [PMID: 28389276 PMCID: PMC5667938 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Shigella sonnei is a globally important diarrhoeal pathogen tracked through the surveillance network PulseNet Latin America and Caribbean (PNLA&C), which participates in PulseNet International. PNLA&C laboratories use common molecular techniques to track pathogens causing foodborne illness. We aimed to demonstrate the possibility and advantages of transitioning to whole genome sequencing (WGS) for surveillance within existing networks across a continent where S. sonnei is endemic. Methods We applied WGS to representative archive isolates of S. sonnei (n = 323) from laboratories in nine PNLA&C countries to generate a regional phylogenomic reference for S. sonnei and put this in the global context. We used this reference to contextualise 16 S. sonnei from three Argentinian outbreaks, using locally generated sequence data. Assembled genome sequences were used to predict antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes and identify AMR determinants. Results S. sonnei isolates clustered in five Latin American sublineages in the global phylogeny, with many (46%, 149 of 323) belonging to previously undescribed sublineages. Predicted multidrug resistance was common (77%, 249 of 323), and clinically relevant differences in AMR were found among sublineages. The regional overview showed that Argentinian outbreak isolates belonged to distinct sublineages and had different epidemiologic origins. Conclusions Latin America contains novel genetic diversity of S. sonnei that is relevant on a global scale and commonly exhibits multidrug resistance. Retrospective passive surveillance with WGS has utility for informing treatment, identifying regionally epidemic sublineages and providing a framework for interpretation of prospective, locally sequenced outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Baker
- University of Liverpool, Department of Functional and Comparative Genomics, Liverpool, England, United Kingdom; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Pathogen Variation Programme, Hinxton, England, United Kingdom.
| | - J Campos
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Pichel
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Della Gaspera
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas, ANLIS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Duarte-Martínez
- Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (Inciensa), Costa Rica
| | - E Campos-Chacón
- Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (Inciensa), Costa Rica
| | - H M Bolaños-Acuña
- Instituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud (Inciensa), Costa Rica
| | - C Guzmán-Verri
- Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica; Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - A E Mather
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Pathogen Variation Programme, Hinxton, England, United Kingdom; University of Cambridge, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge, England, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - J L Forbester
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Pathogen Variation Programme, Hinxton, England, United Kingdom
| | - T R Connor
- Organisms and Environment Division, Cardiff University School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans Building, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - K H Keddy
- Centre for Enteric Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A M Smith
- Centre for Enteric Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - E A López de Delgado
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene 'Rafael Rangel', Ciudad University, Los Chaguaramos, Venezuela
| | - G Angiolillo
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene 'Rafael Rangel', Ciudad University, Los Chaguaramos, Venezuela
| | - N Cuaical
- Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Hygiene 'Rafael Rangel', Ciudad University, Los Chaguaramos, Venezuela
| | - J Fernández
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Public Health of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Aguayo
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Public Health of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Morales Aguilar
- Department of Foodborne Diseases, National Health Laboratory of Guatemala, Laboratorio Nacional de Salud, Barcenas, Guatemala
| | - C Valenzuela
- Department of Foodborne Diseases, National Health Laboratory of Guatemala, Laboratorio Nacional de Salud, Barcenas, Guatemala
| | - A J Morales Medrano
- Department of Foodborne Diseases, National Health Laboratory of Guatemala, Laboratorio Nacional de Salud, Barcenas, Guatemala
| | - A Sirok
- Bacteriology Laboratory, Departamento de Laboratorios de Salud Pública (DLSP), Ministerio de Salud Pública (MSP), Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - N Weiler Gustafson
- Department of Bacteriology, Laboratorio Central de Salud Pública, Asuncion, Paraguay
| | - P L Diaz Guevara
- Grupo de Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - L A Montaño
- Grupo de Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - E Perez
- Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization, Department of Health Emergencies, Washington, DC, United States
| | - N R Thomson
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Pathogen Variation Programme, Hinxton, England, United Kingdom; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England, United Kingdom.
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