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Roth E, Benoit S, Quentin B, Lam B, Will S, Ma M, Heeley N, Darwish T, Shrestha Y, Gribble F, Reimann F, Pshenichnaya I, Yeo G, Baker DJ, Trevaskis JL, Blouet C. Behavioural and neurochemical mechanisms underpinning the feeding-suppressive effect of GLP-1/CCK combinatorial therapy. Mol Metab 2021; 43:101118. [PMID: 33221554 PMCID: PMC7720077 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2020.101118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Combinatorial therapies are under intense investigation to develop more efficient anti-obesity drugs; however, little is known about how they act in the brain to produce enhanced anorexia and weight loss. The goal of this study was to identify the brain sites and neuronal populations engaged during the co-administration of GLP-1R and CCK1R agonists, an efficient combination therapy in obese rodents. METHODS We measured acute and long-term feeding and body weight responses and neuronal activation patterns throughout the neuraxis and in specific neuronal subsets in response to GLP-1R and CCK1R agonists administered alone or in combination in lean and high-fat diet fed mice. We used PhosphoTRAP to obtain unbiased molecular markers for neuronal populations selectively activated by the combination of the two agonists. RESULTS The initial anorectic response to GLP-1R and CCK1R co-agonism was mediated by a reduction in meal size, but over a few hours, a reduction in meal number accounted for the sustained feeding suppressive effects. The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) is one of the few brain sites where GLP-1R and CCK1R signalling interact to produce enhanced neuronal activation. None of the previously categorised NTS neuronal subpopulations relevant to feeding behaviour were implicated in this increased activation. However, we identified NTS/AP Calcrl+ neurons as treatment targets. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these studies indicated that circuit-level integration of GLP-1R and CCK1R co-agonism in discrete brain nuclei including the NTS produces enhanced rapid and sustained appetite suppression and weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Roth
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Simon Benoit
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Baptiste Quentin
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Brian Lam
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Sarah Will
- Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolic Diseases, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Marcella Ma
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Nick Heeley
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Tamana Darwish
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Yashaswi Shrestha
- Early Oncology, Translational Medicine, MedImmune LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - Fiona Gribble
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - Frank Reimann
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | | | - Giles Yeo
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK
| | - David J Baker
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases, MedImmune Ltd., Cambridge, UK
| | - James L Trevaskis
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Diseases, MedImmune Ltd., Cambridge, UK
| | - Clemence Blouet
- MRC Metabolic Diseases Unit, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories, WT-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 OQQ, UK.
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Boyer A, Penven G, Quentin B, Silva S, Thiery G. Procédure Maastricht 3 : restons attentifs à ses enjeux éthiques ! Méd Intensive Réa 2020. [DOI: 10.37051/mir-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Peu d’analyses des premiers résultats ont été publiées sur la procédure de don d’organes dite Maastricht 3 (M3), mise en place en 2014 en France. Pourtant, cette procédure est soumise à un conflit d’intérêt intérieur pour le médecin qui devra éclaircir son désir d’être utile aux autres par le biais de la promotion du don d’organes sans que cela n’influence sa décision d’arrêt des traitements de l’éventuel patient donneur. Ceci, alors même que les moyens d’établir un pronostic sont souvent limités. Toute modification des pratiques liées à la fin de vie au cours de l’instauration de la procédure M3 – telles la politique d’admission des patients en réanimation, l’administration de la sédation ou encore la procédure de séparation du ventilateur – peut témoigner d’une volonté de maximisation de l’utilité à court terme de cette procédure. Le consentement des proches peut lui aussi se retrouver biaisé par une forte désirabilité sociale ou par un sentiment de culpabilité, et une évaluation sereine ne sera pas réalisée du fait de la rapidité de la procédure. L’éclairage des tensions philosophiques entre les pensées conséquentialistes et déontologiques, l’importance d’un débat dans chaque structure, une indication très restrictive aux patients anoxiques les plus graves, un contrôle a posteriori indépendant, font partie des solutions proposées dans cet article pour réduire ces problèmes. Alors que la « pénurie » actuelle liée au don d’organes pourrait être résolue par un meilleur taux d’acceptabilité de prélèvements de patients en état de mort encéphalique, se pose finalement la question d’un dépassement irrémédiable des limites éthiques qui garantissent le sens premier de l’engagement des professionnels auprès de leurs patients.
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Leneveu-Jenvrin C, Quentin B, Assemat S, Hoarau M, Meile JC, Remize F. Changes of Quality of Minimally-Processed Pineapple ( Ananas comosus, var. 'Queen Victoria') during Cold Storage: Fungi in the Leading Role. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8020185. [PMID: 32012867 PMCID: PMC7074791 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Minimally-processed pineapple stored under refrigerated conditions is highly perishable. We aimed to characterize the evolution of physicochemical, sensory and microbiological quality during cold storage. Pineapple batches were sampled from several locations in Reunion Island and then minimally processed. In the processing step, the variability of firmness and counts of yeasts and molds were observed. Moreover, correlations between the sampling season and pH and b* color component, as well as between fungal population and b* parameter were observed. During storage, the visual aspect of pineapple cuts changed to brown and shiny, whereas olfactive descriptors shifted from fruity descriptors and fresh to fermented, alcoholic and milky. The values for pH, TA and TSS did not significantly vary according to storage time. A decrease in firmness and C* color parameter was observed. Yeast and mold counts were significantly higher after 7 days of storage. The diversity in yeasts and molds was mainly dependent on the considered batches observed from PCR-DGGE profiles. Fungal species were isolated from spoiled pineapple cuts. The implication of Penicilllium citrtrinum, Talaromyces amestolkiae, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Meyerozyma caribbica in the spoilage of minimally-processed pineapple cuts was further demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Leneveu-Jenvrin
- QualiSud, Univ de La Réunion, CIRAD, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, 2 rue J. Wetzell, F-97490 Sainte Clotilde, France; (B.Q.); (F.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Baptiste Quentin
- QualiSud, Univ de La Réunion, CIRAD, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, 2 rue J. Wetzell, F-97490 Sainte Clotilde, France; (B.Q.); (F.R.)
| | - Sophie Assemat
- CIRAD, UMR QualiSud, F-97410 Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France; (S.A.); (M.H.); jean-christophe. (J.-C.M.)
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, F-34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Mathilde Hoarau
- CIRAD, UMR QualiSud, F-97410 Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France; (S.A.); (M.H.); jean-christophe. (J.-C.M.)
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, F-34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Meile
- CIRAD, UMR QualiSud, F-97410 Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France; (S.A.); (M.H.); jean-christophe. (J.-C.M.)
- QualiSud, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, Univ de La Réunion, F-34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Fabienne Remize
- QualiSud, Univ de La Réunion, CIRAD, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ d’Avignon, 2 rue J. Wetzell, F-97490 Sainte Clotilde, France; (B.Q.); (F.R.)
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Noizet-Yverneau O, Bordet F, Pillot J, Eon B, Gonzalez F, Dray S, Boyer A, Blondiaux I, Quentin B, Rolando S, Jars-Guincestre MC, Laurent A, Quenot JP, Boulain T, Soufir L, Série M, Penven G, De Saint-Blanquat L, VanderLinden T, Rigaud JP, Reignier J. Intégration de la démarche palliative à la médecine intensive-réanimation : de la théorie à la pratique. Méd Intensive Réa 2019. [DOI: 10.3166/rea-2019-0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Quentin B, Grim O, Moine H, Bui NH, Eon B, Noizet O, Pillot J, Boyer A, Daubin C, Robert R. Amputations multiples après purpura fulminans : jusqu’où peut-on accepter le handicap ? Aspects anthropologiques et philosophiques. Méd Intensive Réa 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13546-017-1266-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Boyer A, Eon B, Quentin B, Blondiaux I, Bordet F, Dray S, Jars-Guincestre MC, Noizet O, Gonzalez F, Pillot J, Rigaud JP, Rolando S, Vanderlinden T, Reignier J. Que change la Loi Claeys-Leonetti pour les réanimateurs ? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13546-016-1202-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Cellarier GR, Bordes J, Karkowski L, Gagnon N, Billhot M, Cournac JM, Rousseau C, De Greslan T, Mac Nab C, Dubrous P, Duron S, Moroge S, Quentin B. Safety, feasibility, and interest of transthoracic echocardiography in a deployed French military Ebola virus disease treatment center in Guinea. Intensive Care Med 2015; 41:1491-2. [PMID: 25952824 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-015-3821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G R Cellarier
- Ebola Treatment Center for Healthcare Workers, French Military Health Service, Conakry, Guinea,
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Hesse S, Welz A, Werner C, Quentin B, Wissel J. Comparison of an intermittent high-intensity vs continuous low-intensity physiotherapy service over 12 months in community-dwelling people with stroke: a randomized trial. Clin Rehabil 2010; 25:146-56. [DOI: 10.1177/0269215510382148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study compared two modes of physiotherapy service over 12 months in community-dwelling people with stroke, either following a train—wait train paradigm by providing bouts of intense physiotherapy, or a continuous less intense programme. Design: Randomized trial. Setting: Community-dwelling people with stroke. Interventions: Fifty patients, first-time stroke, discharged home, following inpatient rehabilitation, allocated to two groups, A and B. Over 12 months, Group A (n = 25) received three two-month blocks of therapy at home, each block contained four 30 to 45 minute sessions per week, totalling 96 sessions. Group B (n = 25) continuously received two 30 to 45 minute sessions per week, totalling 104 sessions. Main outcome measures: Primary Rivermead Mobility Index (0—15), secondary upper- and lower-limb motor functions, Activities of Daily Living competence, tone and number of falls. Results: Both groups were comparable at onset, the mean age in Group A (B) was 62.4 (61.9) years. A and B patients equally improved functions over time, between group differences did not occur. The initial (terminal) Rivermead Mobility Index was 9.4 ± 2.8 (12.2 ± 2.1) in Group A, and 8.5 ± 3.5 (11.2 ± 2.7) in Group B. More Group B patients fell seriously (7 versus 1). Conclusions: The intermittent high-intensity and continuous low-intensity therapy protocols were equally effective, the sheer intensity seems more important than the time-mode of application. The relatively young patients functionally improved in the first year after stroke, the reduced risk of serious falls in the intermittent high-intensity group should be validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Hesse
- Medical Park Berlin, Department Neurological Rehabilitation,
Charité - University Medicine Berlin,
| | - A. Welz
- Medical Park Berlin, Department Neurological Rehabilitation,
Charité - University Medicine Berlin
| | - C. Werner
- Medical Park Berlin, Department Neurological Rehabilitation,
Charité - University Medicine Berlin
| | - B. Quentin
- Neurologische Rehabilitation, Klinik Beelitz Heilstätten,
Germany
| | - J. Wissel
- Neurologische Rehabilitation, Klinik Beelitz Heilstätten,
Germany
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Hesse S, Werner C, Bardeleben A, Quentin B. Laufbandtherapie mit Gewichtsentlastung: Einfluss der Trainingsparameter Gewichtsentlastung, Geschwindigkeit und Steigung auf das Gehen hemiparetischer Patienten. physioscience 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-926989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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