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Esmail N, McPherson JM, Abulu L, Amend T, Amit R, Bhatia S, Bikaba D, Brichieri-Colombi TA, Brown J, Buschman V, Fabinyi M, Farhadinia M, Ghayoumi R, Hay-Edie T, Horigue V, Jungblut V, Jupiter S, Keane A, Macdonald DW, Mahajan SL, McVey A, Moehrenschlager A, Nelson F, Noshirwani M, Ntiamoa-Baidu Y, Postigo JL, Rakotondrazafy V, Rao M, Roe D, Sierra Huelsz JA, Stolton S, Tawake A, Wintle B. What's on the horizon for community-based conservation? Emerging threats and opportunities. Trends Ecol Evol 2023:S0169-5347(23)00037-X. [PMID: 36935248 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2023.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Community-based conservation can support livelihoods and biodiversity, while reinforcing local and Indigenous values, cultures, and institutions. Its delivery can help address cross-cutting global challenges, such as climate change, conservation, poverty, and food security. Therefore, understanding trends in community-based conservation is pertinent to setting and implementing global goals. We undertook a horizon scan to prioritize 15 emerging threats and opportunities expected to impact the future effectiveness of community-based conservation. Topics relate to global biodiversity policy; human rights; shifting human geography; inclusion, diversity, equity, and access; conservation finance and income; and economic reforms. Our findings offer guidance on strengthening community-based conservation to achieve global environmental and development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafeesa Esmail
- Wilder Institute/Calgary Zoo, 1300 Zoo Road NE, Calgary, AB, T2E 7V6, Canada.
| | - Jana M McPherson
- Wilder Institute/Calgary Zoo, 1300 Zoo Road NE, Calgary, AB, T2E 7V6, Canada.
| | - Latoya Abulu
- Mongabay, 1259 El Camino Real #150, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Thora Amend
- Conservation & Development, Bahnhofstr.9, 79725 Laufenburg, Germany
| | - Ronit Amit
- School of Biology and Biodiversity and Tropical Ecology Research Center (CIBET), University of Costa Rica, 11501-2060, Montes de Oca, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | - Saloni Bhatia
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur, Bangalore, India
| | - Dominique Bikaba
- Strong Roots Congo, 84 Avenue du Gouverneur, Bukavu, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Jessica Brown
- New England Biolabs Foundation, 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA
| | - Victoria Buschman
- International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2160 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA; Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, Kivioq 2, Nuuk 3900, Greenland
| | - Michael Fabinyi
- Climate, Society and Environment Research Centre, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Mohammad Farhadinia
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK; Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, UK
| | - Razieh Ghayoumi
- Research Group of Biodiversity and Biosafety, Research Center for Environment and Sustainable Development, Department of Environment, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Terence Hay-Edie
- UNDP/GEF Small Grants Programme, 304 East 45th Street, 9th Floor, New York, NY 10017, USA
| | - Vera Horigue
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, 6 Wally's Walk, NSW 2109, Australia; Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association, Mizingani Street, House No. 734, Zanzibar, Tanzania
| | - Vainuupo Jungblut
- Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), Avele Road, Apia, Samoa
| | - Stacy Jupiter
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Melanesia Program, 11 Ma'afu Street, Suva, Fiji Islands
| | - Aidan Keane
- School of GeoSciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
| | - David W Macdonald
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit (WildCRU), Department of Biology, University of Oxford, The Recanati Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Tubney, OX13 5QL, UK
| | - Shauna L Mahajan
- Global Science, World Wildlife Fund, 1250 24th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Andrew McVey
- World Wildlife Fund - Kenya, Mvuli Road, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Axel Moehrenschlager
- IUCN Species Survival Commission Conservation Translocation Specialist Group, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Fred Nelson
- Maliasili, 4 Carmichael St Suite 111-193, Essex, Junction, VT 05452, USA
| | - Meher Noshirwani
- Trust for Conservation of Coastal Resources (TCCR), 1 Bath Island Road, Clifton, Karachi 75530, Pakistan; IUCN Commission on Environmental, Economic, and Social Policy (CEESP), Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland
| | - Yaa Ntiamoa-Baidu
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation Research, University of Ghana, PO Box LG67, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jose Luis Postigo
- Department of Animal Biology, Universidad de Málaga. Boulevard Louis Pasteur 31, 29010 Málaga. Spain
| | - Vatosoa Rakotondrazafy
- MIHARI Network, Lot VC 2 B Ambanidia Villa Tsiriry, Madagascar; BEOLOBE, VA 26 NA Villa Mélodie Tsiadana, Madagascar
| | - Madhu Rao
- IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA), Rue Mauverney 28, 1196 Gland, Switzerland; Wildlife Conservation Society, 2 Science Park Drive 01 03 Ascent, 118222, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Block S3 #05-01 16 Science Drive 4, 117558, Singapore
| | - Dilys Roe
- IUCN Sustainable Use and Livelihoods Specialist Group (SULi), 235 High Holborn, London, WC1V 7LE, UK; International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED), 235 High Holborn, Holborn, London, WC1V 7DN, UK
| | - José Antonio Sierra Huelsz
- Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, 91000 Veracruz, Mexico; People and Plants International, Bristol, VT 05443, USA
| | - Sue Stolton
- Equilibrium Research, 47 The Quays, Cumberland Road, Spike Island, Bristol, BS1 6UQ, UK
| | - Alifereti Tawake
- Locally Managed Marine Area (LMMA) Network International Trust, 41 Mukta Ben Road, Vatuwaqa, Suva, Fiji Islands
| | - Bonnie Wintle
- School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
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Burgman M, Chiaravalloti R, Fidler F, Huan Y, McBride M, Marcoci A, Norman J, Vercammen A, Wintle B, Yu Y. A toolkit for open and pluralistic conservation science. Conserv Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/conl.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Burgman
- Centre for Environmental Policy Imperial College London UK
| | | | - Fiona Fidler
- School of Biosciences University of Melbourne Parkville Australia
| | - Yizhong Huan
- School of Public Policy and Management Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | | | - Alexandru Marcoci
- Centre for Argument Technology School of Science & Engineering (Computing) University of Dundee, Nethergate Dundee UK
| | - Juliet Norman
- Centre for Environmental Policy Imperial College London UK
| | - Ans Vercammen
- School of Communication and Arts The University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Bonnie Wintle
- School of Biosciences University of Melbourne Parkville Australia
| | - Yurong Yu
- Centre for Environmental Policy Imperial College London UK
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Garnett ST, Butchart SHM, Baker GB, Bayraktarov E, Buchanan KL, Burbidge AA, Chauvenet ALM, Christidis L, Ehmke G, Grace M, Hoccom DG, Legge SM, Leiper I, Lindenmayer DB, Loyn RH, Maron M, McDonald P, Menkhorst P, Possingham HP, Radford J, Reside AE, Watson DM, Watson JEM, Wintle B, Woinarski JCZ, Geyle HM. Metrics of progress in the understanding and management of threats to Australian birds. Conserv Biol 2019; 33:456-468. [PMID: 30465331 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although evidence-based approaches have become commonplace for determining the success of conservation measures for the management of threatened taxa, there are no standard metrics for assessing progress in research or management. We developed 5 metrics to meet this need for threatened taxa and to quantify the need for further action and effective alleviation of threats. These metrics (research need, research achievement, management need, management achievement, and percent threat reduction) can be aggregated to examine trends for an individual taxon or for threats across multiple taxa. We tested the utility of these metrics by applying them to Australian threatened birds, which appears to be the first time that progress in research and management of threats has been assessed for all threatened taxa in a faunal group at a continental scale. Some research has been conducted on nearly three-quarters of known threats to taxa, and there is a clear understanding of how to alleviate nearly half of the threats with the highest impact. Some management has been attempted on nearly half the threats. Management outcomes ranged from successful trials to complete mitigation of the threat, including for one-third of high-impact threats. Progress in both research and management tended to be greater for taxa that were monitored or occurred on oceanic islands. Predation by cats had the highest potential threat score. However, there has been some success reducing the impact of cat predation, so climate change (particularly drought), now poses the greatest threat to Australian threatened birds. Our results demonstrate the potential for the proposed metrics to encapsulate the major trends in research and management of both threats and threatened taxa and provide a basis for international comparisons of evidence-based conservation science.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Garnett
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Northern Territory, 0909, Australia
| | - S H M Butchart
- BirdLife International, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
- Department of Zoology, The University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, U.K
| | - G B Baker
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, The University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7005, Australia
| | - E Bayraktarov
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - K L Buchanan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Geelong, Victoria, 3216, Australia
| | - A A Burbidge
- 87 Rosedale Street, Floreat, Western Australia, 6014, Australia
| | - A L M Chauvenet
- School of Environment and Science & Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - L Christidis
- National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, 2480, Australia
| | - G Ehmke
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
- BirdLife Australia, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - M Grace
- Department of Zoology, The University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, U.K
| | - D G Hoccom
- Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, Bedfordshire, SG 19 2DL, U.K
| | - S M Legge
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - I Leiper
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Northern Territory, 0909, Australia
| | - D B Lindenmayer
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
| | - R H Loyn
- The Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Wodonga, Victoria, 3690, Australia
- Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, New South Wales, 2640, Australia
- Eco Insights, Beechworth, Victoria, 3747, Australia
| | - M Maron
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
| | - P McDonald
- Zoology, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, 2351, Australia
| | - P Menkhorst
- Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Heidelberg, Victoria, 3084, Australia
| | - H P Possingham
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
- The Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA, 22203-1606, U.S.A
| | - J Radford
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
- Research Centre for Future Landscapes, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
| | - A E Reside
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - D M Watson
- Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Albury, New South Wales, 2640, Australia
| | - J E M Watson
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, 4072, Australia
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, NY, 10460-1068, U.S.A
| | - B Wintle
- School of Bioscience, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - J C Z Woinarski
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Northern Territory, 0909, Australia
| | - H M Geyle
- Threatened Species Recovery Hub, National Environmental Science Program, Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Northern Territory, 0909, Australia
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Jucker T, Wintle B, Shackelford G, Bocquillon P, Geffert JL, Kasoar T, Kovacs E, Mumby HS, Orland C, Schleicher J, Tew ER, Zabala A, Amano T, Bell A, Bongalov B, Chambers JM, Corrigan C, Durán AP, Duvic-Paoli LA, Emilson C, Emilson EJS, da Silva JF, Garnett EE, Green EJ, Guth MK, Hacket-Pain A, Hinsley A, Igea J, Kunz M, Luke SH, Lynam W, Martin PA, Nunes MH, Ockendon N, Pavitt A, Payne CLR, Plutshack V, Rademacher TT, Robertson RJ, Rose DC, Serban A, Simmons BI, Tayleur C, Wordley CFR, Mukherjee N. Ten-year assessment of the 100 priority questions for global biodiversity conservation. Conserv Biol 2018; 32:1457-1463. [PMID: 29923638 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In 2008, a group of conservation scientists compiled a list of 100 priority questions for the conservation of the world's biodiversity. However, now almost a decade later, no one has yet published a study gauging how much progress has been made in addressing these 100 high-priority questions in the peer-reviewed literature. We took a first step toward reexamining the 100 questions to identify key knowledge gaps that remain. Through a combination of a questionnaire and a literature review, we evaluated each question on the basis of 2 criteria: relevance and effort. We defined highly relevant questions as those that - if answered - would have the greatest impact on global biodiversity conservation and quantified effort based on the number of review publications addressing a particular question, which we used as a proxy for research effort. Using this approach, we identified a set of questions that, despite being perceived as highly relevant, have been the focus of relatively few review publications over the past 10 years. These questions covered a broad range of topics but predominantly tackled 3 major themes: conservation and management of freshwater ecosystems, role of societal structures in shaping interactions between people and the environment, and impacts of conservation interventions. We believe these questions represent important knowledge gaps that have received insufficient attention and may need to be prioritized in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Jucker
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, U.K
- CSIRO Land & Water, 147 Underwood Avenue, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia
| | - Bonnie Wintle
- Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, Cambridge, U.K
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Gorm Shackelford
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Pierre Bocquillon
- School of Politics, Philosophy, Language and Communication Studies, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, U.K
- Department of Land Economy, Cambridge Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance, University of Cambridge, 16-21 Silver Street, Cambridge, CB3 9EP, U.K
| | - Jan Laurens Geffert
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, 20 Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 1QB, U.K
- UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, U.K
| | - Tim Kasoar
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Eszter Kovacs
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, 20 Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 1QB, U.K
- Corvinus University of Budapest, Fővám tér 8, Budapest, 1093, Hungary
| | - Hannah S Mumby
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
- Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Wallotstraße 19, 14193 Berlin, Germany
| | - Chloé Orland
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, U.K
| | - Judith Schleicher
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, 20 Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 1QB, U.K
- UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, U.K
| | - Eleanor R Tew
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Aiora Zabala
- Department of Land Economy, Cambridge Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance, University of Cambridge, 16-21 Silver Street, Cambridge, CB3 9EP, U.K
| | - Tatsuya Amano
- Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, Cambridge, U.K
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Alexandra Bell
- Ministerium für Umwelt, Energie, Ernährung und Forsten, Rheinland Pfalz, Kaiser-Friedrich-Straße 1, 55116 Mainz, Germany
| | - Boris Bongalov
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, U.K
| | - Josephine M Chambers
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, 20 Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 1QB, U.K
| | - Colleen Corrigan
- UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, U.K
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - América P Durán
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
- UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, U.K
- Luc Hoffmann Institute, c/o WWF International, Avenue du Mont Blanc, 1196 Gland, Switzerland
| | - Leslie-Anne Duvic-Paoli
- Department of Land Economy, Cambridge Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance, University of Cambridge, 16-21 Silver Street, Cambridge, CB3 9EP, U.K
| | - Caroline Emilson
- Natural Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | - Erik J S Emilson
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, U.K
- Natural Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | | | - Emma E Garnett
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Elizabeth J Green
- UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, U.K
| | - Miriam K Guth
- UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, U.K
| | - Andrew Hacket-Pain
- Department of Geography and Planning, School of Environmental Science, University of Liverpool, 4 Brownlow Street, Liverpool Merseyside, L69 3GP, U.K
| | - Amy Hinsley
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Conservation Science, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, 11a Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, U.K
| | - Javier Igea
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, U.K
| | - Martina Kunz
- Department of Land Economy, Cambridge Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance, University of Cambridge, 16-21 Silver Street, Cambridge, CB3 9EP, U.K
| | - Sarah H Luke
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, The University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, CT2 7NR, U.K
| | - William Lynam
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, U.K
| | - Philip A Martin
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Matheus H Nunes
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, U.K
| | - Nancy Ockendon
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Aly Pavitt
- UN Environment World Conservation Monitoring Centre, 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 0DL, U.K
| | - Charlotte L R Payne
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Victoria Plutshack
- Department of Land Economy, Cambridge Centre for Environment, Energy and Natural Resource Governance, University of Cambridge, 16-21 Silver Street, Cambridge, CB3 9EP, U.K
| | - Tim T Rademacher
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, 20 Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 1QB, U.K
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A
- School of Informatics and Cyber Security and Centre for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, 1295 Knoles Drive, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, U.S.A
| | - Rebecca J Robertson
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - David C Rose
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Anca Serban
- Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, 20 Downing Place, Cambridge, CB2 1QB, U.K
| | - Benno I Simmons
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Catherine Tayleur
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, The Lodge, Potton Road, Sandy, Bedfordshire, SG19 2DL, U.K
| | - Claire F R Wordley
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
| | - Nibedita Mukherjee
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ, U.K
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Treliever Road, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, U.K
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Burgman MA, McBride M, Ashton R, Speirs-Bridge A, Flander L, Wintle B, Fidler F, Rumpff L, Twardy C. Expert status and performance. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22998. [PMID: 21829574 PMCID: PMC3146531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Expert judgements are essential when time and resources are stretched or we face novel dilemmas requiring fast solutions. Good advice can save lives and large sums of money. Typically, experts are defined by their qualifications, track record and experience. The social expectation hypothesis argues that more highly regarded and more experienced experts will give better advice. We asked experts to predict how they will perform, and how their peers will perform, on sets of questions. The results indicate that the way experts regard each other is consistent, but unfortunately, ranks are a poor guide to actual performance. Expert advice will be more accurate if technical decisions routinely use broadly-defined expert groups, structured question protocols and feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Burgman
- Australian Centre of Excellence for Risk Analysis, School of Botany, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
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