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Rowland B, Rocca C, Ralph L. Certainty and Intention in Pregnancy Decision-making: an exploratory study. Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rowland B, Jonkman H, Williams J, Kremer P, Toumbourou JW. Community variation in adolescent cannabis use in Australia and the Netherlands. Addict Behav 2019; 90:204-209. [PMID: 30423532 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While controversial, cannabis use is common, and often begins in adolescence. In Australia and the Netherlands, cannabis use is understood and legislated within a harm-minimisation framework. In Australia it is illegal to purchase or consume cannabis. Cannabis use in the Netherlands is illegal, except in licensed coffee shops where the sale and consumption of small amounts (5 g) are permitted. METHODS Secondary school aged children in Victoria, Australia and the Netherlands were surveyed using the same culturally adapted questionnaire, designed to measure community rates of substance use and risk factors. Youth cannabis use and predictors of use were compared between the two countries. RESULTS Similar levels of cannabis use in the last month were reported in Australia and the Netherlands (4.5%), with slightly lower use amongst girls, compared to boys. Common predictors of use were found in both the Australian and Netherlands sample. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that interventions that effectively target similar risk factors to reduce or prevent cannabis use may have applications cross-nationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rowland
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Geelong 3216, Australia.
| | - H Jonkman
- Youth, Education and Upbringing, Verwey-Jonker Institute, Kromme Nieuwegracht 6, Utrecht 3512 HG, the Netherlands; Clinical Psychology, Vrije University, Boechorststraat 1, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Williams
- Deakin University, Centre for Population Health Research, School of Health and Social Development, Geelong 3216, Australia
| | - P Kremer
- Deakin University, Centre for Sport Research, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Geelong 3216, Australia
| | - J W Toumbourou
- Deakin University, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Geelong 3216, Australia
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Rowland B, Abraham C, Carter R, Abimanyi-Ochom J, Kelly AB, Kremer P, Williams JW, Smith R, Hall JK, Wagner D, Renner H, Hosseini T, Osborn A, Mohebbi M, Toumbourou JW. Trial protocol: a clustered, randomised, longitudinal, type 2 translational trial of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm among adolescents in Australia. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:559. [PMID: 29703187 PMCID: PMC5921968 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This cluster randomised control trial is designed to evaluate whether the Communities That Care intervention (CTC) is effective in reducing the proportion of secondary school age adolescents who use alcohol before the Australian legal purchasing age of 18 years. Secondary outcomes are other substance use and antisocial behaviours. Long term economic benefits of reduced alcohol use by adolescents for the community will also be assessed. Methods Fourteen communities and 14 other non-contiguous communities will be matched on socioeconomic status (SES), location, and size. One of each pair will be randomly allocated to the intervention in three Australian states (Victoria, Queensland and Western Australia). A longitudinal survey will recruit grade 8 and 10 students (M = 15 years old, N = 3500) in 2017 and conduct follow-up surveys in 2019 and 2021 (M = 19 years old). Municipal youth populations will also be monitored for trends in alcohol-harms using hospital and police administrative data. Discussion Community-led interventions that systematically and strategically implement evidence-based programs have been shown to be effective in producing population-level behaviour change, including reduced alcohol and drug use. We expect that the study will be associated with significant effects on alcohol use amongst adolescents because interventions adopted within communities will be based on evidence-based practices and target specific problems identified from surveys conducted within each community. Trial registration The trial was retrospectively registered in September, 2017 (ACTRN12616001276448), as communities were selected prior to trial registration; however, participants were recruited after registration. Findings will be disseminated in peer-review journals and community fora.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rowland
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. .,School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia.
| | - C Abraham
- Institute of Health Research, University of Exeter Medical School St Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK
| | - R Carter
- Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.,School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - J Abimanyi-Ochom
- Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.,School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - A B Kelly
- Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - P Kremer
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - J W Williams
- Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.,School of Health and Social Development, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - R Smith
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - J K Hall
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - D Wagner
- Murdoch Children Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Road Parkville Victoria, Flemington, Australia
| | - H Renner
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - T Hosseini
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - A Osborn
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - M Mohebbi
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,Biostatistics unit, Faculty of Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - J W Toumbourou
- Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.,School of Psychology, Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health, Geelong, Australia
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Kimport K, Rowland B. Taking Insurance in Abortion Care: Policy, Practices, and the Role of Poverty. Research in the Sociology of Health Care 2017. [DOI: 10.1108/s0275-495920170000035003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Sisson G, Rowland B. "I was close to death!": abortion and medical risk on American television, 2005-2016. Contraception 2017; 96:25-29. [PMID: 28365166 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the portrayal of complications and long-term health consequences associated with abortion on television, recognizing the impact that fictional stories can have on public beliefs about abortion's safety. STUDY DESIGN Using a systematic online search, we identified all instances of abortion on US television from 2005 to 2016. We qualitatively coded these plotlines to identify any occurrences of complications, interventions or long-term health consequences associated with abortion care, with 95% intercoder reliability. We calculated the frequencies and rates of these occurrences in Microsoft Excel. RESULTS Our search identified 80 abortion plot lines. A percentage of 37.5 of characters who obtained an abortion experienced complications, interventions and/or negative health consequences. This rate contrasts with the 2.1% of real patients who experience complications or require intervention as a result of their abortions. Most onscreen complications were major events (e.g., hemorrhage), as opposed to real women, whose complications are mostly minor. Major medical interventions (e.g., hysterectomy) were similarly overportrayed, while the most commonly used interventions for real patients (e.g., medication) were not depicted at all. Finally, 22.5% of characters faced a long-term adverse health consequence, including mental illness, infertility or death. The onscreen abortion mortality rate was 5%, about 7000 times the actual mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS Overall, television dramatically exaggerates the risk associated with abortion procedures, overportraying medical complications - particularly major and life-threatening complications - and long-term adverse health consequences. This pattern of misrepresentation may be partially attributable to the occurrence of stories about illegal abortions or abortions taking place outside of modern medical contexts. IMPLICATIONS Onscreen abortion portrayals may contribute to inaccurate beliefs about abortion's risk that are common among the public, broadly, and abortion patients, specifically. Abortion advocates and providers will be more equipped to respond misinformation if they understand how and to what extent our popular culture portrays abortion as unsafe.
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Zhou Y, Zhou M, Liao H, Rowland B, Arvold N, Reardon D, Wen P, Lin A, Huang RY. OS04.7 Diagnostic Accuracy of 2-Hydroxyglutarate Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Newly Diagnosed Brain Mass and Suspected Recurrent Glioma. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Small T, Kingsland M, Wolfenden L, Tindall J, Rowland B, Sherker S, McLaren N, Gillham K, Wiggers J. Sustaining alcohol management practices in community sports clubs: A 3 year follow-up. Eur J Public Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw172.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Small T, Kingsland M, Wiggers J, Wolfenden L, Tindall J, Sherker S, McLaren N, Gillham K, Rowland B, Yoong S. Feasibility of a web-based intervention for sustaining alcohol management practices in sports clubs. Eur J Public Health 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw174.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Wolfenden L, Kingsland M, Rowland B, Dodds P, Sidey M, Sherker S, Wiggers J. The impact of alcohol management practices on sports club membership and revenue. Health Promot J Austr 2016; 27:159-161. [PMID: 27072080 DOI: 10.1071/he15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Issue addressed: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of an alcohol management intervention on community sporting club revenue (total annual income) and membership (number of club players, teams and spectators).Methods: The study employed a cluster randomised controlled trial design that allocated clubs either an alcohol accreditation intervention or a control condition. Club representatives completed a scripted telephone survey at baseline and again ~3 years following. Demographic information about clubs was collected along with information about club income.Results: Number of players and senior teams were not significantly different between treatment groups following the intervention. The intervention group, however, showed a significantly higher mean number of spectators. Estimates of annual club income between groups at follow-up showed no significant difference in revenue.Conclusions: This study found no evidence to suggest that efforts to reduce alcohol-related harm in community sporting clubs will compromise club revenue and membership.So what?: These findings suggest that implementation of an intervention to improve alcohol management of sporting clubs may not have the unintended consequence of harming club viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wolfenden
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - M Kingsland
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - B Rowland
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Vic. 3125, Australia
| | - P Dodds
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - M Sidey
- Australian Drug Foundation, PO Box 818, North Melbourne, Vic. 3051, Australia
| | - S Sherker
- Australian Drug Foundation, PO Box 818, North Melbourne, Vic. 3051, Australia
| | - J Wiggers
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prospectively assess women's risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and of experiencing post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) over 4 ears after seeking an abortion, and to assess whether symptoms are attributed to the pregnancy, abortion or birth, or other events in women's lives. DESIGN Prospective longitudinal cohort study which followed women from approximately 1 week after receiving or being denied an abortion (baseline), then every 6 months for 4 years (9 interview waves). SETTING 30 abortion facilities located throughout the USA. PARTICIPANTS Among 956 women presenting for abortion care, some of whom received an abortion and some of whom were denied due to advanced gestational age; 863 women are included in the longitudinal analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES PTSS and PTSD risk were measured using the Primary Care PTSD Screen (PC-PTSD). Index pregnancy-related PTSS was measured by coding the event(s) described by women as the cause of their symptoms. ANALYSES We used unadjusted and adjusted logistic mixed-effects regression analyses to assess whether PTSS, PTSD risk and pregnancy-related PTSS trajectories of women obtaining abortions differed from those who were denied one. RESULTS At baseline, 39% of participants reported any PTSS and 16% reported three or more symptoms. Among women with symptoms 1-week post-abortion seeking (n=338), 30% said their symptoms were due to experiences of sexual, physical or emotional abuse or violence; 20% attributed their symptoms to non-violent relationship issues; and 19% said they were due to the index pregnancy. Baseline levels of PTSS, PTSD risk and pregnancy-related PTSS outcomes did not differ significantly between women who received and women who were denied an abortion. PTSS, PTSD risk and pregnancy-related PTSS declined over time for all study groups. CONCLUSIONS Women who received an abortion were at no higher risk of PTSD than women denied an abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Antonia Biggs
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health, A Program of the University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Brenly Rowland
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health, A Program of the University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Charles E McCulloch
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Diana G Foster
- Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health, A Program of the University of California, San Francisco, Oakland, California, USA
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Rowland B, Evans-Whipp T, Hemphill S, Leung R, Livingston M, Toumbourou J. The density of alcohol outlets and adolescent alcohol consumption: An Australian longitudinal analysis. Health Place 2016; 37:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Biggs M, Rowland B, Foster D. Does abortion increase women's risk for posttraumatic stress disorder? Contraception 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2015.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rowland B, Laruelo A, Lin A, Ken S. PO-0809: MRS Choline/NAA enhancement is a predictor of post-RT disease-free survival time in glioblastoma multiforme. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Timlin C, Warren DR, Rowland B, Madkhali A, Loken J, Partridge M, Jones B, Kruse J, Miller R. 3D calculation of radiation-induced second cancer risk including dose and tissue response heterogeneities. Med Phys 2015; 42:866-76. [PMID: 25652499 DOI: 10.1118/1.4905158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/11/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Tools for comparing relative induced second cancer risk, to inform choice of radiotherapy treatment plan, are becoming increasingly necessary as the availability of new treatment modalities expands. Uncertainties, in both radiobiological models and model parameters, limit the confidence of such calculations. The aim of this study was to develop and demonstrate a software tool to produce a malignant induction probability (MIP) calculation which incorporates patient-specific dose and allows for the varying responses of different tissue types to radiation. METHODS The tool has been used to calculate relative MIPs for four different treatment plans targeting a subtotally resected meningioma: 3D conformal radiotherapy (3DCFRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), intensity-modulated x-ray therapy (IMRT), and scanned protons. RESULTS Two plausible MIP models, with considerably different dose-response relationships, were considered. A fractionated linear-quadratic induction and cell-kill model gave a mean relative cancer risk (normalized to 3DCFRT) of 113% for VMAT, 16% for protons, and 52% for IMRT. For a linear no-threshold model, these figures were 105%, 42%, and 78%, respectively. The relative MIP between plans was shown to be significantly more robust to radiobiological parameter uncertainties compared to absolute MIP. Both models resulted in the same ranking of modalities, in terms of MIP, for this clinical case. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that relative MIP is a useful metric with which treatment plans can be ranked, regardless of parameter- and model-based uncertainties. With further validation, this metric could be used to discriminate between plans that are equivalent with respect to other planning priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Timlin
- Particle Therapy Cancer Research Institute, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom and Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - D R Warren
- Particle Therapy Cancer Research Institute, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom and Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - B Rowland
- Particle Therapy Cancer Research Institute, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom and Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - A Madkhali
- Particle Therapy Cancer Research Institute, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom and Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - J Loken
- Particle Therapy Cancer Research Institute, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom and Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxfordshire OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - M Partridge
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - B Jones
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - J Kruse
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
| | - R Miller
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905
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Rowland B, Toumbourou JW, Satyen L, Livingston M, Williams J. The relationship between the density of alcohol outlets and parental supply of alcohol to adolescents. Addict Behav 2014; 39:1898-903. [PMID: 25150657 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether the number of alcohol outlets per 10,000 population in a given area (density) influenced parental supply of alcohol to adolescents; differences in Australian born and acculturating parents were also examined. A state-representative student survey in Victoria identified that the majority of adolescents (55%) reported that they had used alcohol in the past 12months; 34 % of those who had consumed alcohol reported that it had been supplied by their parents. Multilevel modelling identified that there were no overall effects of density, however there were different effects based on parent country of birth and type of license. Specifically, each unit increase in the density of takeaway liquor stores increased the likelihood by 2.03 that children with both Australian-born parents would be supplied alcohol. Adolescents with both migrant parents on the other hand, had a 1.36 increased risk of being supplied alcohol as the density of outlets requiring at-venue consumption increased. The findings of this study suggest that in Australia, alcohol outlet density is associated with parental supply of alcohol to children, with this effect moderated by the cultural background of the parent and type of outlet density. Future research should investigate the association between the density of alcohol outlets and public approval of parents supplying alcohol to adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rowland
- Department of Prevention Sciences, Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia.
| | - J W Toumbourou
- Department of Prevention Sciences, Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - L Satyen
- Department of Prevention Sciences, Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Livingston
- Drug Policy Modelling Program, National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, Turning Point Alcohol and Drug Centre, 54-62 Gertrude Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | - J Williams
- Department of Prevention Sciences, Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research and School of Psychology, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Laruelo A, Fecher T, Chaari L, Ken S, Rowland B, Batatia H, Ferrand R, Simon L, Tourneret J, Laprie A. Towards Accurate and Robust MRSI Quantification to Improve the Radiation Therapy Treatment of GBM. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Rowland B, Miller R, Stein B. The development of multisensory integration is specific to a neuron's experience. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Miller R, Stein B, Rowland B. Predicting linear and nonlinear interactions in the temporal profile of the multisensory response. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Rowland B, Toumbourou J, Satyen L, Tooley G, Hall J, Livingston M, Williams J. Associations between alcohol outlet densities and adolescent alcohol consumption: a study in Australian students. Addict Behav 2014; 39:282-8. [PMID: 24183302 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess whether the density of alcohol sales outlets in specific geographic communities is associated with adolescent alcohol consumption. METHOD A cross-sectional representative sample of secondary school students from Victoria, Australia (N=10,143), aged between 12 and 17 years, self-reported on alcohol use in the last 30 days in 2009. The density of alcohol outlets per local community area was merged with this information. RESULTS After controlling for risk factors, multilevel modelling (MLM) revealed a statistical interaction between age and density on alcohol consumption. While older adolescents had higher alcohol consumption, increases in the density of alcohol outlets were only significantly associated with increased risk of alcohol consumption for adolescents between the ages of 12 and 14. CONCLUSION Increased alcohol availability was associated with an increased risk of alcohol consumption specifically for early adolescents (12 and 14 years). Potential mechanisms as to how density is associated with direct and indirect alcohol availability, such as through parents or older siblings, need to be explored in future research.
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Cuppini C, Magosso E, Rowland B, Stein B, Ursino M. Hebbian mechanisms help explain development of multisensory integration in the superior colliculus: a neural network model. Biol Cybern 2012; 106:691-713. [PMID: 23011260 PMCID: PMC3552306 DOI: 10.1007/s00422-012-0511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The superior colliculus (SC) integrates relevant sensory information (visual, auditory, somatosensory) from several cortical and subcortical structures, to program orientation responses to external events. However, this capacity is not present at birth, and it is acquired only through interactions with cross-modal events during maturation. Mathematical models provide a quantitative framework, valuable in helping to clarify the specific neural mechanisms underlying the maturation of the multisensory integration in the SC. We extended a neural network model of the adult SC (Cuppini et al., Front Integr Neurosci 4:1-15, 2010) to describe the development of this phenomenon starting from an immature state, based on known or suspected anatomy and physiology, in which: (1) AES afferents are present but weak, (2) Responses are driven from non-AES afferents, and (3) The visual inputs have a marginal spatial tuning. Sensory experience was modeled by repeatedly presenting modality-specific and cross-modal stimuli. Synapses in the network were modified by simple Hebbian learning rules. As a consequence of this exposure, (1) Receptive fields shrink and come into spatial register, and (2) SC neurons gained the adult characteristic integrative properties: enhancement, depression, and inverse effectiveness. Importantly, the unique architecture of the model guided the development so that integration became dependent on the relationship between the cortical input and the SC. Manipulations of the statistics of the experience during the development changed the integrative profiles of the neurons, and results matched well with the results of physiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Cuppini
- Department of Electronics, Computer Science and Systems, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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Wiggers J, Kingsland M, Wolfenden L, Rowland B, Gillham K, Kennedy V, Ramsden R, Colbran R. Alcohol and community football clubs: club-based characteristics and practices associated with risky consumption. Inj Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590g.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Timlin C, Warren D, Jones B, Miller R, Kruse J, Loken J, Rowland B. 223 A FRAMEWORK FOR CALCULATING AND COMPARING RADIOBIOLOGICAL METRICS FOR X-RAY AND CHARGED PARTICLE RADIOTHERAPY PLANS. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)70192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Caruso D, Arguelles L, Rowland B, Meyer K, Oest A, Birne J, Schwarz K, Schanta J, Kumar R, Pongracic J, Wang X. Predictive Ability of Egg Specific IgE Classes for Egg Specific Prick Skin Test and Clinical Reactivity. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Schroeder A, Arguelles L, Kumar R, Gupta R, Caruso D, Meyer K, Rowland B, Frankis E, Costello J, Pongracic J. Associations between Early-life Infections, Antibiotic Use, and Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rowland B. Chaucer's idea of the pardoner. Chaucer Rev 2001; 14:138-154. [PMID: 11616805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Rowland B. Exhuming Trotula, sapiens matrona of Salerno. Florilegium 2001; 1:42-57. [PMID: 11616980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Spender LC, Cornish GH, Rowland B, Kempkes B, Farrell PJ. Direct and indirect regulation of cytokine and cell cycle proteins by EBNA-2 during Epstein-Barr virus infection. J Virol 2001; 75:3537-46. [PMID: 11264343 PMCID: PMC114845 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.75.8.3537-3546.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2000] [Accepted: 01/19/2001] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We have studied the pathways of regulation of cytokine and cell cycle control proteins during infection of human B lymphocytes by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Among 30 cytokine RNAs analyzed by the RNase protection assay, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, lymphotoxin (LT), and LTbeta were found to be regulated within 20 h of EBV infection of primary B cells. Similar results were obtained using the estrogen-regulated EBNA-2 cell line EREB2.5, in which RNAs for LT and TNF-alpha were induced within 6 h of activation of EBNA-2. Expression of Notch also caused an induction of TNF-alpha RNA. The induction of TNF-alpha RNA by EBNA-2 was indirect, and constitutive expression of either LMP-1 or c-myc proteins did not substitute for EBNA-2 in induction of TNF-alpha RNA. Cyclin D2 is also an indirect target of EBNA-2-mediated transactivation. EBNA-2 was found to activate the cyclin D2 promoter in a transient-transfection assay. A mutant of EBNA-2 that does not bind RBP-Jkappa retained some activity in this assay, and activation did not depend on the presence of B-cell-specific factors. Deletion analysis of the cyclin D2 promoter revealed that removal of sequences containing E-box c-myc consensus DNA binding sequences did not reduce EBNA-2-mediated activation of the cyclin D2 promoter in the transient-transfection assay. The results indicate that cytokines are an early target of EBNA-2 and that EBNA-2 can regulate cyclin D2 transcription in EBV-infected cells by mechanisms additional to the c-myc pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Anisomycin/pharmacology
- B-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- B-Lymphocytes/virology
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Cyclin D2
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27
- Cyclins/genetics
- Cyclins/metabolism
- Cycloheximide/pharmacology
- Cytokines/genetics
- Cytoskeletal Proteins
- Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens/genetics
- Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens/metabolism
- Estrogens/pharmacology
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/genetics
- Herpesvirus 4, Human/physiology
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- LIM Domain Proteins
- Lymphotoxin-alpha/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Microtubule-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Mutation/genetics
- Nuclease Protection Assays
- Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch
- Transcription, Genetic/drug effects
- Transcription, Genetic/genetics
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins
- Viral Proteins
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Spender
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Imperial College School of Medicine, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom
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Rowland B, Purkayastha A, Monserrat C, Casart Y, Takiff H, McDonough KA. Fluorescence-based detection of lacZ reporter gene expression in intact and viable bacteria including Mycobacterium species. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1999; 179:317-25. [PMID: 10518732 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08744.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of fluorescein di-beta-D-galactopyranoside (FDG)-based substrates were evaluated for measuring beta-galactosidase expression in bacteria. One substrate, 5-acetylamino-FDG (C2FDG), performed well in all bacteria tested, including the slow growing mycobacterium, Mycobacterium bovis BCG. The sensitivity of C2FDG in intact, viable BCG was similar to that of o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside in cell lysates when used to measure lacZ reporter gene activity. C2FDG was approximately 70-fold more sensitive than green fluorescent protein (GFP) in BCG when assayed in a fluorescence plate reader, and comparable to GFP when measured by flow cytometry. These assays provide an important new alternative for the rapid measurement of reporter gene expression in viable bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rowland
- David Axelrod Institute, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, P.O. Box 22002, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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Uziel-Miller ND, Lyons JS, Rowland B, Conrad KJ. A Safe Haven: an innovative approach to residential treatment of substance abuse. Am J Public Health 1999; 89:1430-1. [PMID: 10474566 PMCID: PMC1508776 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.89.9.1430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N D Uziel-Miller
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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Abstract
Menaquinone (MK) is a non-protein component of the Bacillus subtilis (Bs) electron transport chain synthesized from chorismate through a series of MK-specific reactions. The genes encoding biosynthesis of the naphthoquinone ring of MK are clustered at 273 degrees on the Bs chromosome. A 3.9-kb region capable of rescuing men mutants blocked in the early stages of MK biosynthesis was sequenced and found to contain three major open reading frames (ORFs). The first ORF (menF) has a predicted size of 51.8 kDa and 34% amino-acid identity with the isochorismate synthases of Escherichia coli (EntC) and Aeromonas hydrophila (AmoA), ORF2 (menD) a predicted size of 60.2 kDa and 21% identity with MenD of E. coli. ORF3 has a predicted size of 21.4 kDa and 29% identity to triacylglycerol lipase of Psychrobacter immobilis. No sequence corresponding to menC was identified. Plasmid integrational studies of the men gene cluster had suggested the presence of promoters secondary to the previously identified p1 men promoter. Sequence analysis revealed a putative promoter region upstream from ORF3.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rowland
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Albany Medical College, NY 12208, USA
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Rowland B, Kadagathur NS, Devlin JP, Buch V, Feldman T, Wojcik MJ. Infrared spectra of ice surfaces and assignment of surface‐localized modes from simulated spectra of cubic ice. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Rowland B, Kadagathur NS, Devlin JP. Infrared spectra of CF4 adsorbed on ice: Probing adsorbate dilution and phase separation with the ν3 transverse‐longitudinal splitting. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.469384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Rowland B, Jennings M. Medieval multiple birth. Neuphilol Mitt 1980; 81:169-173. [PMID: 11615002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Rowland B, Schneiderman LJ. Women in alternative health care. Their influence on traditional medicine. JAMA 1979; 241:719-12. [PMID: 762830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Male domination of the traditional health care systems is well recognized. In contrast, it appears that women are a more important force in the alternative health care system, which is made up of neighborhood clinics and community health centers. A study of 17 such alternative health care centers in the San Diego area discloses that women account for almost half of the directors, all seven of the assistant directors, more than three-fourths of the clinic coordinators, and almost half (40%) of the membership of the boards of directors. Since many of the recent innovations in traditional health care derive from the alternative health care movement, the influence of women on the traditional systems may be more substantial than heretofore recognized.
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Rowland B. Bishop Bradwardine on the artificial memory. J Warburg Courtauld Inst 1978; 41:307-312. [PMID: 11617523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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