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Mbalinda SN, Kaddumukasa M, Najjuma J, Birungi D, Kaddumukasa M, Levin J, Still C, Burant C, Modi A, Katabira ET, Sajatovic M. Self-management Intervention for Reducing Epilepsy Burden Among Adult Ugandans With Epilepsy (Smart-u), Randomised Clinical Trial Protocol. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-3667486. [PMID: 38077080 PMCID: PMC10705707 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3667486/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Epilepsy is a common chronic brain disorder globally affecting people of all ages, with the majority living in developing countries. The introduction of epilepsy self-management approaches to help people with epilepsy is urgently needed to influence epilepsy-related outcomes. This 2-site randomised controlled trial building on promising preliminary data is intended to explore this further. Methods A total of 188 adult people with epilepsy (PWE) attending the neurology clinics at Mulago and Mbarara hospitals and consent to participate in the study. They will be randomised into intervention versus enhanced treatment control (eTAU) study groups. The intervention group will receive 12-week "intensive" educational sessions and a 12-week remotely accessed telephone follow-up stage. The controls will continue in their usual care supplemented by written materials on epilepsy in their preferred language and tailored to the reading level of most patients at the clinic. SMART-U consists of 2 main components: a 12-week "intensive" group format stage and a 12-week remotely accessed telephone follow-up stage. SMART-U will be assessed for acceptability, fidelity, and efficacy compared to eTAU. The primary study outcome is the mean change in cumulative past 24-week seizure frequency (24 weeks prior to the study baseline compared to the 24-week follow-up). Seizure frequency will be via self-report with corroboration by family/support system informants whenever possible. Participants will self-report their seizure frequency (numeric count) that they experienced between baseline and 13 weeks and again between 13 and 24 weeks and the mean change from baseline to 24 weeks in QOL. Discussion The curriculum-guided Self-Management intervention for Reducing The epilepsy burden among Ugandans (SMART-U) program is anticipated to reduce the epilepsy burden seizure frequency and improve other health outcomes, including depression, functional status and health resource use. Trial Registration Number TRN NCT06139198. Date of registration 14th November 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer Levin
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center & Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
| | | | | | - Avani Modi
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
| | | | - Martha Sajatovic
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center & Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
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Jones LM, Moss KO, Mitchell J, Still C, Hawkins J, Tang E, Wright KD. Challenges to dietary hypertension self-management as described by a sample of African American older adults. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2022; 19:64-72. [PMID: 35064763 PMCID: PMC9701083 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension rates are disproportionately higher among Black or African Americans (Black/African American) compared to other racial and ethnic groups in the United States. However, research on self-management strategies to control hypertension through healthy eating such as the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and ketogenic diets has underexplored the use of dietary strategies among older Black/African American adults. In reporting contemporary challenges with implementing dietary strategies targeting blood pressure control among Black/African American older adults living with hypertension, this study addresses a clear need. AIMS Prior research has only partially addressed the challenges older Black/African Americans face in implementing and maintaining dietary strategies to control hypertension, therefore the current study aimed to address this gap by reporting contemporary challenges, as reported by a sample of Black/African American older adults living with hypertension. METHODS Nineteen Black/African American older adults living with hypertension participated in a focus group. An interview guide with open-ended questions on dietary approaches to self-management hypertension was used to guide data collection. Responses were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and interpreted using qualitative thematic analysis. RESULTS Study participants were 71.6 years (SD = 8.3), 87.1% were women, and all were self-identified as Black/African American. Overall, participants shared that they were interested in improving their hypertension self-management skills. They expressed uncertainty about dietary strategies related in part to a lack of knowledge about incorporating or excluding certain foods and adhering to complex dietary recommendations. Participants also related financial concerns about accessing the recommended foods to control hypertension and expressed confusion about how to manage hypertension alongside other comorbidities. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION This study highlights several barriers that Black/African American older adults face (lack of dietary knowledge, lack of financial resources, and unique barriers to managing multiple comorbid health conditions), which often pose simultaneous and intersecting barriers to managing hypertension using existing evidence-based dietary strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenette M Jones
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Karen O Moss
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing Center for Healthy Aging, Self-Management and Complex Care, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Jamie Mitchell
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Carolyn Still
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jaclynn Hawkins
- School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Emily Tang
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kathy D Wright
- The Ohio State University College of Nursing Center for Healthy Aging, Self-Management and Complex Care, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Still C, Dang P, Sattar A. Using Technology to Support Self-Managing Hypertension in African Americans. Innov Aging 2020. [PMCID: PMC7741394 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a community and technology-based intervention to support self-managing hypertension in African American (AA). Sixty AA with hypertension were randomly assigned to Coachman (a technology-based intervention) or Enhanced Usual Care. COACHMAN is comprised of blood pressure (BP) monitoring with study issued monitor, six-weeks of web-based education, training to use a medication management application, and nurse counseling. Data were collected on contextual factors (demographics, perceived social support), process factors (hypertension knowledge, self-efficacy, technology use/adoption), and proximal health behaviors (medication adherence, diet, exercise) at baseline, and 8 and 12 weeks. While mean difference in BP reduction was not statistically significant, we found that half of the subjects randomized to the intervention group had an average systolic BP reduction of 13.5 mmHg that we would regard as clinically significant. Interventions that incorporate mHealth can support self-managing hypertension in AA, and improve BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Still
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
| | - Phuong Dang
- Case Western Reserve University, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Richmond Heights, Ohio, United States
| | - Abdus Sattar
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States
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Pajewski NM, Berlowitz DR, Bress AP, Callahan KE, Cheung AK, Fine LJ, Gaussoin SA, Johnson KC, King J, Kitzman DW, Kostis JB, Lerner AJ, Lewis CE, Oparil S, Rahman M, Reboussin DM, Rocco MV, Snyder JK, Still C, Supiano MA, Wadley VG, Whelton PK, Wright JT, Williamson JD. Intensive vs Standard Blood Pressure Control in Adults 80 Years or Older: A Secondary Analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial. J Am Geriatr Soc 2020; 68:496-504. [PMID: 31840813 PMCID: PMC7056569 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) control in older adults with hypertension, considering cognitive and physical function. DESIGN Secondary analysis. SETTING Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) PARTICIPANTS: Adults 80 years or older. INTERVENTION Participants with hypertension but without diabetes (N = 1167) were randomized to an SBP target below 120 mm Hg (intensive treatment) vs a target below 140 mm Hg (standard treatment). MEASUREMENTS We measured the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), mortality, changes in renal function, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), probable dementia, and serious adverse events. Gait speed was assessed via a 4-m walk test, and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) was used to quantify baseline cognitive function. RESULTS Intensive treatment led to significant reductions in cardiovascular events (hazard ratio [HR] = .66; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .49-.90), mortality (HR = .67; 95% CI = .48-.93), and MCI (HR = .70; 95% CI = .51-.96). There was a significant interaction (P < .001) whereby participants with higher baseline scores on the MoCA derived strong benefit from intensive treatment for a composite of CVD and mortality (HR = .40; 95% CI = .28-.57), with no appreciable benefit in participants with lower scores on the MoCA (HR = 1.33 = 95% CI = .87-2.03). There was no evidence of heterogeneity of treatment effects with respect to gait speed. Rates of acute kidney injury and declines of at least 30% in estimated glomerular filtration rate were increased in the intensive treatment group with no between-group differences in the rate of injurious falls. CONCLUSION In adults aged 80 years or older, intensive SBP control lowers the risk of major cardiovascular events, MCI, and death, with increased risk of changes to kidney function. The cardiovascular and mortality benefits of intensive SBP control may not extend to older adults with lower baseline cognitive function. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01206062. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:496-504, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M. Pajewski
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Dan R. Berlowitz
- Bedford Veterans Affairs Hospital, Bedford, Massachusetts;,Department of Public Health, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts
| | - Adam P. Bress
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kathryn E. Callahan
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Alfred K. Cheung
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Larry J. Fine
- Clinical Applications and Prevention Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sarah A. Gaussoin
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Karen C. Johnson
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jordan King
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah;,Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Dalane W. Kitzman
- Section on Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - John B. Kostis
- Cardiovascular Institute, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Alan J. Lerner
- Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Cora E. Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Suzanne Oparil
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Mahboob Rahman
- Department of Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - David M. Reboussin
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Michael V. Rocco
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Joni K. Snyder
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carolyn Still
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Mark A. Supiano
- Division of Geriatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah;,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Virginia G. Wadley
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Paul K. Whelton
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Jackson T. Wright
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Jeff D. Williamson
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Gary FA, Yarandi H, Hassan M, Killion C, Ncube M, Still C, Hopps J. A Power Conundrum: Black Women and Their Sexual Partners in the Midwest. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2019; 40:431-436. [PMID: 30917081 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2018.1547804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to determine the extent to which women of African ancestry manifested power in their relationships regarding sexual activities and to examine the influence that specific variables had on their sexual partnerships. A sample (N = 200) of midlife women aged 40-65, who lived in the Midwest participated in this research. The Sexual Relationship Power Scale was used to examine these relationships. Face-to-face interviews occurred in community settings. Multiple regression equations were used to examine the potential impact of specific variables on sexual functioning. Results of the analysis revealed that variables such as mental quality of life, decision-making, and health promotion were positively associated with sexual relationships. Conversely, depression and life stress scores were negatively linked to sexual relationships. Knowledge gained from this research could be used to explore the phenomena of power as expressed in the daily lives of women of African descent. The research can also be discussed from the perspective of a "Black tax," that has burdened Black women for centuries and is manifested through years of discrimination, bias, and the lack of equity in most domains of American institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye A Gary
- a Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , USA
| | - Hossein Yarandi
- b Center for Health Research , Wayne State University , Detroit , USA
| | - Mona Hassan
- c College of Nursing , Prairie View A&M University , Prairie View , Houston , USA
| | - Cheryl Killion
- d Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , USA
| | - Mothusi Ncube
- e University of Botswana School of Nursing , Gaborone , Botswana
| | - Carolyn Still
- d Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing , Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , USA
| | - June Hopps
- f School of Social Work , University of Georgia , Athens , USA
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Gary FA, Yarandi H, Evans E, Still C, Mickels P, Hassan M, Campbell D, Conic R. Beck Depression Inventory-II: Factor Analyses with Three Groups of Midlife Women of African Descent in the Midwest, the South, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2018; 39:233-243. [PMID: 29193995 PMCID: PMC5889520 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2017.1373175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This research encompasses a factor analysis of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), which involves three groups of midlife women of African descent who reside in the Midwest, the South, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The purpose of the study was to determine the factor structure of the BDI-II when administered to a sample of women aged 40-65 of African descent who reside in the three distinct geographical regions of the United States. A correlational, descriptive design was used, and 536 women of African descent were invited to participate in face-to-face interviews that transpired in community settings. Results of the factor analysis revealed a two-factor explanation. Factor one included symptoms such as punishment feelings and pessimism (cognitive), and the second factor included symptoms such as tiredness and loss of energy (somatic-affective). The application of the Beck Depression Inventory-II among the three groups of women generated specific information about each group and common findings across the groups. Knowledge gained from the research could help to guide specific intervention programs for the three groups of women, and explicate the common approaches that could be used for the three groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye A Gary
- a Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , USA
| | - Hossein Yarandi
- b Center for Health Research, Wayne State University , Detroit , USA
| | - Edris Evans
- c Nursing, University of the Virgin Islands School of Nursing , Saint Thomas , Virgin Islands , USA
| | - Carolyn Still
- d University Hospital of Cleveland , Cleveland , USA
| | - Prince Mickels
- e University of Florida Health Center , Gainesville , USA
| | - Mona Hassan
- f Case Western Reserve University, Nursing , Cleveland , USA
| | - Doris Campbell
- c Nursing, University of the Virgin Islands School of Nursing , Saint Thomas , Virgin Islands , USA
| | - Ruzica Conic
- g Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, University Heights , USA
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Pajewski NM, Williamson JD, Applegate WB, Berlowitz DR, Bolin LP, Chertow GM, Krousel-Wood MA, Lopez-Barrera N, Powell JR, Roumie CL, Still C, Sink KM, Tang R, Wright CB, Supiano MA. Characterizing Frailty Status in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2016; 71:649-55. [PMID: 26755682 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glv228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) is testing whether a lower systolic blood pressure (BP) target of 120 mm Hg leads to a reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among hypertensive, nondiabetic adults. Because there may be detrimental effects of intensive BP control, particularly in older, frail adults, we sought to characterize frailty within SPRINT to address ongoing questions about the ability of large-scale trials to enroll representative samples of noninstitutionalized, community-dwelling, older adults. METHODS We constructed a 36-item frailty index (FI) in 9,306 SPRINT participants, classifying participants as fit (FI ≤ 0.10), less fit (0.10 < FI ≤ 0.21), or frail (FI > 0.21). Recurrent event models were used to evaluate the association of the FI with the incidence of self-reported falls, injurious falls, and all-cause hospitalizations. RESULTS The distribution of the FI was comparable with what has been observed in population studies, with 2,570 (27.6%) participants classified as frail. The median FI was 0.18 (interquartile range = 0.14 to 0.24) in participants aged 80 years and older (N = 1,159), similar to the median FI of 0.17 reported for participants in the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial. In multivariable analyses, a 1% increase in the FI was associated with increased risk for self-reported falls (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.030), injurious falls (HR = 1.035), and all-cause hospitalizations (HR = 1.038) (all p values < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Large clinical trials assessing treatments to reduce cardiovascular disease risk, such as SPRINT, can enroll heterogeneous populations of older adults, including the frail elderly, comparable with general population cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas M Pajewski
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Division of Public Health Sciences and
| | - Jeff D Williamson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - William B Applegate
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Dan R Berlowitz
- Bedford Veterans Affairs Hospital, Massachusetts. School of Public Health, Boston University, Massachusetts
| | - Linda P Bolin
- College of Nursing, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Glenn M Chertow
- Department of Nephrology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Marie A Krousel-Wood
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana. Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana. Research Division, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | | | - James R Powell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Christianne L Roumie
- Veterans Health Administration-Tennessee Valley Healthcare System Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center (GRECC), HSR&D Center, Nashville. Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Carolyn Still
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio. Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kaycee M Sink
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Rocky Tang
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York
| | - Clinton B Wright
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Departments of Neurology and Public Health Sciences, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Mark A Supiano
- Division of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City. Veterans Affairs Salt Lake City, Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Utah
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Still C, Mullis R, Davis M, Christiana R. Action Pack Families: A Child as Change Agent Nutrition and Physical Activity Intervention. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.06.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ford DW, Jensen GL, Still C, Wood C, Mitchell DC, Erickson P, Bailey R, Smiciklas-Wright H, Coffman DL, Hartman TJ. The associations between diet quality, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Health and Activity Limitation Index (HALex) in the Geisinger Rural Aging Study (GRAS). J Nutr Health Aging 2014; 18:167-70. [PMID: 24522469 PMCID: PMC4550808 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the associations between diet quality, body mass index (BMI), and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) as assessed by the health and activity limitation index (HALex) in older adults. DESIGN Multivariate linear regression models were used to analyze associations between Dietary Screening Tool (DST) scores, BMI and HALex score, after controlling for gender, age, education, living situation, smoking, disease burden and self-vs. proxy reporting. SETTING Geisinger Rural Aging Study, Pennsylvania. PARTICIPANTS 5,993 GRAS participants were mailed HRQOL and DST questionnaires with 4,009 (1,722 male, 2,287 female; mean age 81.5 ± 4.4) providing complete data. RESULTS HALex scores were significantly lower for participants with dietary intakes categorized as unhealthy (<60) (0.70, 95% CI 0.69, 0.72, p<0.05) or borderline (60-75) (0.71, 95% CI 0.70, 0.73, p<0.05) compared to those scoring in the healthy range (>75) (0.75, 95% CI 0.73, 0.77) based on DST scores. HALex scores were significantly lower for underweight (0.67, 95% CI 0.63, 0.72, p<0.05), obese class II (0.68, 95% CI 0.66, 0.71, p<0.05) and class III participants (0.62 95% CI 0.57, 0.67, p<0.05) compared to those with BMI 18.5-24.9. CONCLUSIONS Poor diet quality, as assessed by the DST, is associated with lower HRQOL in adults ≥ 74 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Ford
- Dara W. Ford, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA,
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Hsiao PY, Mitchell DC, Coffman DL, Craig Wood G, Hartman TJ, Still C, Jensen GL. Dietary patterns and relationship to obesity-related health outcomes and mortality in adults 75 years of age or greater. J Nutr Health Aging 2013; 17:566-72. [PMID: 23732554 PMCID: PMC4558554 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-013-0014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity-related adverse health outcomes is increasing among older adults. Because it is thought that nutrition plays an important role in successful aging, there has been considerable interest in the association between dietary patterns of older adults and obesity-related health outcomes. OBJECTIVE This study examined the association between dietary patterns and mortality and prevalence of obesity-related health outcomes, namely cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome (MetSyn), over a 5-year follow-up period in adults aged 75 years or greater. DESIGN A longitudinal observational study with cross-sectional dietary assessment. SETTING Rural Central Pennsylvania. PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling older adults (N = 449; 76.5 years old; 57% female). MEASUREMENTS Multiple, unannounced, 24-hour dietary recalls were used to collect dietary intake. Cluster analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. Prevalence of CVD, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and MetSyn was extracted from outpatient electronic medical records. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations between dietary patterns and health outcomes and mortality. RESULTS 'Sweets and Dairy', 'Health-Conscious' and 'Western' dietary patterns were identified. Compared to the 'Health-Conscious' pattern, those in the 'Sweets and Dairy' pattern had increased odds of hypertension over the follow-up period; adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) was 2.18 (1.11-4.30). No significant associations were found for CVD, diabetes mellitus, MetSyn or mortality with dietary patterns. CONCLUSIONS These findings support the potential value of healthy dietary patterns in the management of hypertension in older adults. We did not observe any other strong associations between dietary patterns and health outcomes or mortality in persons ≥ 75 years of age; thus failing to support the use of overly restrictive diet prescriptions for older persons, especially where food intake may be inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Y Hsiao
- The Pennsylvania State University, 110 Chandlee Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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Hsiao P, Mitchell D, Wood G, Coffman D, Wheeler D, Hartman T, Still C, Jensen G. Association between Dietary Patterns in Older Adults and Obesity-Related Health Outcomes. J Acad Nutr Diet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2012.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Bucaloiu I, Kirchner H, Still C, Norfolk E, Perkins R. 44 Accuracy of a Single, Untimed Morning Urine Sample for Estimation of Proteinuria in Morbidly Obese Patients. Am J Kidney Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Carnero G, Bucaloiu D, Wood C, Norfolk E, Still C, Perkins R. 50 Renal Function in Morbidy Obese Patients at the Time of Referral to a Weight Management Clinic. Am J Kidney Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2011.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Aziz N, Kondragunta V, Prabhakar P, Shaver K, Kornman K, Wood C, Gerhard G, Still C. Perilipin, IL-1, ADRB and McR-4 gene variants identify bariatric surgery patients who are predisposed to dyslipidemia. Can J Diabetes 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1499-2671(09)33149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Miller SD, Blake M, Miliotis M, Still C, Taubin A, Koornhof HJ. Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and pseudomembranous colitis caused by Clostridium difficile. A review of 40 cases. S Afr Med J 1983; 63:936-9. [PMID: 6857419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We found antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD) and pseudomembranous colitis caused by Clostridium difficile in 19% of patients with diarrhoea related to antibiotic therapy or with diarrhoea for which no other cause could be found. Ampicillin, cephalosporins and co-trimoxazole appear to be the agents most commonly associated with this complication. The clinical presentation of AAD falls into two categories: (i) an early-onset type characterized by severe diarrhoea with watery stools which may contain mucus; and (ii) a late-onset variety characterized by chronic, persistent diarrhoea with bulky stools. A definitive diagnosis was made in all cases by the detection of the cytotoxin of Cl. difficile in patients' stools using tissue culture assay. Discontinuation of the implicated agent when possible together with a 14-day course of oral vancomycin effected a cure in 90% of patients. The remaining 10% were successfully treated with a similar course of oral bacitracin.
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