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Odintsov I, Lui A, Delasos L, Khodos I, Chang Q, Mattar M, Vojnic M, Lu Y, Kunte S, Bonifacio A, Giuliano C, de Stanchina E, Lovati E, Ladanyi M, Somwar R. MA13.05 TA0953/HM06, a Novel RET-specific Inhibitor Effective in Extracranial and CNS Disease Models of NSCLC with RETfusions. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bassi G, Giuliano C, Perinelli A, Forti S, Gabrielli S, Mancinelli E, Salcuni S. Motibot: the Virtual Coach for healthy coping intervention in diabetes. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9563331 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Virtual coaches (VCs) can support people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) by motivating them to better manage their health. Few VCs were aimed at providing psychosocial support. In this regard, motivation is a pivotal construct in diabetes self-management as it allows adults with DM to adhere to the clinical recommendations. Objectives The present study aimed to develop a VC able to motivate adults with DM to adopt and acquire healthier coping strategies, to decrease symptoms of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and diabetes-related emotional distress, while also improving their well-being. Methods A total of 12 adults with DM (M=27.91 years; SD=9.82) interacted with a VC, called Motibot using Telegram for an overall duration of 12 sessions. Participants completed a battery of instruments at pre-, post-intervention and follow-up. Results highlighted a decrease in anxiety, and depression symptoms between pre-, post-intervention and follow-up, as also showed by the results that emerged through the text mining. Motibot was perceived as motivating and encouraging in the adoption of appropriate coping strategies, such as mindfulness practices. Motibot was also perceived as trustworthy, reflective, and stimulating in its dialogical interaction. Indeed, adults felt involved in the interaction with Motibot, thereby showing an overall perception of a better quality of life, in the absence of diabetes distress. Conclusions This study sheds light on the importance of VCs in health care for people with DM for psychosocial support. This is the first experimental study on the matter, and thus, further iterations of the intervention are needed using a larger sample size. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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O'Bryan SJ, Giuliano C, Woessner MN, Vogrin S, Smith C, Duque G, Levinger I. Progressive Resistance Training for Concomitant Increases in Muscle Strength and Bone Mineral Density in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2022; 52:1939-1960. [PMID: 35608815 PMCID: PMC9325860 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01675-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Older adults experience considerable muscle and bone loss that are closely interconnected. The efficacy of progressive resistance training programs to concurrently reverse/slow the age-related decline in muscle strength and bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults remains unclear. Objectives We aimed to quantify concomitant changes in lower-body muscle strength and BMD in older adults following a progressive resistance training program and to determine how these changes are influenced by mode (resistance only vs. combined resistance and weight-bearing exercises), frequency, volume, load, and program length. Methods MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase databases were searched for articles published in English before 1 June, 2021. Randomized controlled trials reporting changes in leg press or knee extension one repetition maximum and femur/hip or lumbar spine BMD following progressive resistance training in men and/or women ≥ 65 years of age were included. A random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression determined the effects of resistance training and the individual training characteristics on the percent change (∆%) in muscle strength (standardized mean difference) and BMD (mean difference). The quality of the evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (version 2.0) and Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Results Seven hundred and eighty studies were identified and 14 were included. Progressive resistance training increased muscle strength (∆ standardized mean difference = 1.1%; 95% confidence interval 0.73, 1.47; p ≤ 0.001) and femur/hip BMD (∆ mean difference = 2.77%; 95% confidence interval 0.44, 5.10; p = 0.02), but not BMD of the lumbar spine (∆ mean difference = 1.60%; 95% confidence interval − 1.44, 4.63; p = 0.30). The certainty for improvement was greater for muscle strength compared with BMD, evidenced by less heterogeneity (I2 = 78.1% vs 98.6%) and a higher overall quality of evidence. No training characteristic significantly affected both outcomes (p > 0.05), although concomitant increases in strength and BMD were favored by higher training frequencies, increases in strength were favored by resistance only and higher volumes, and increases in BMD were favored by combined resistance plus weight-bearing exercises, lower volumes, and higher loads. Conclusions Progressive resistance training programs concomitantly increase lower-limb muscle strength and femur/hip bone mineral density in older adults, with greater certainty for strength improvement. Thus, to maximize the efficacy of progressive resistance training programs to concurrently prevent muscle and bone loss in older adults, it is recommended to incorporate training characteristics more likely to improve BMD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-022-01675-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J O'Bryan
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia.
| | - Catherine Giuliano
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia
| | - Mary N Woessner
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia
| | - Sara Vogrin
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Cassandra Smith
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Footscray Park Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3134, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Giuliano C, Vicendese D, Vogrin S, Lane R, Driscoll A, Dinh D, Palmer K, Levinger I, Neil C. Predictors of Referral to Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients following Hospitalisation with Heart Failure: A Multivariate Regression Analysis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11051232. [PMID: 35268323 PMCID: PMC8910897 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11051232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This exploratory observational case−control study investigated the rate of referral to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) among patients hospitalised with heart failure (HF) and identified factors associated with referral. Methods: Patients hospitalised with HF as identified by the Victorian Cardiac Outcomes Registry HF study were included. Factors found to be univariately associated with referral were selected for multivariate logistic regression. Results: Among 1281 patients (mean age: 76.9 years; 32.8% HFrEF and 33.9% HfpEF), 125 (9.8%) were referred to CR. Patients referred were younger (73.6 (2.7, 81.5) vs. 80.2 (71.1, 86.5) p < 0.001) and were more likely to be men (72%, p < 0.001). Factors associated with referral included inpatient percutaneous coronary intervention (OR, 3.31; 95% CI, 1.04−10.48; p = 0.04), an aetiology of ischaemic or rhythm-related cardiomyopathy, and anticoagulants prescribed on discharge. Factors that lowered the likelihood of referral included older age, female, receiving inpatient oxygen therapy, and the presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or anaemia. Conclusions: The rate of referral to CR following hospitalisation with HF is low. Shortfalls are particularly evident among females, older patients, and in those with COPD or anaemia. Future studies should focus on improving referral processes and translating proven strategies that increase referrals to CR into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Giuliano
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (R.L.); (I.L.); (C.N.)
- Department of Cardiology, Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Don Vicendese
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Sara Vogrin
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia;
| | - Rebecca Lane
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (R.L.); (I.L.); (C.N.)
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Andrea Driscoll
- Centre for Quality and Patient Safety, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia;
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC 3084, Australia
| | - Diem Dinh
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
| | - Katie Palmer
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash Health, Melbourne, VIC 3175, Australia;
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Frankston, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (R.L.); (I.L.); (C.N.)
- Department of Cardiology, Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia;
| | - Christopher Neil
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; (R.L.); (I.L.); (C.N.)
- Department of Cardiology, Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC 3021, Australia;
- Department of Medicine, Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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Giuliano C, Frizzarin S, Beuttel C, Powell K, Alonzi A, Stimamiglio V, Romero PO. 134 Percutaneous Absorption of Chlormethine Gel in Human Skin: In Vitro Permeation Testing. J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.08.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Giuliano C, Levinger I, Vogrin S, Neil CJ, Allen JD. PRIME-HF: Novel Exercise for Older Patients with Heart Failure. A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study. J Am Geriatr Soc 2020; 68:1954-1961. [PMID: 32293033 PMCID: PMC7540058 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test the hypothesis that (1) older patients with heart failure (HF) can tolerate COMBined moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance training (COMBO), and (2) 4 weeks of Peripheral Remodeling through Intermittent Muscular Exercise (PRIME) before 4 weeks of COMBO will improve aerobic capacity and muscle strength to a greater extent than 8 weeks of COMBO. DESIGN Prospective randomized parallel open-label blinded end point. SETTING Single-site Australian metropolitan hospital. PARTICIPANTS Nineteen adults (72.8 ± 8.4 years of age) with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). INTERVENTION Participants were randomized to 4 weeks of PRIME or COMBO (phase 1). All participants subsequently completed 4 weeks of COMBO (phase 2). Sessions were twice a week for 60 minutes. PRIME is a low-mass, high-repetition regime (40% one-repetition maximum [1RM], eight strength exercises, 5 minutes each). COMBO training involved combined aerobic (40%-60% of peak aerobic capacity [VO2peak ], up to 20 minutes) and resistance training (50-70% 1RM, eight exercises, two sets of 10 repetitions). MEASUREMENTS We measured VO2peak , VO2 at anaerobic threshold (AT), and muscle voluntary contraction (MVC). RESULTS The PRIME group significantly increased VO2peak after 8 weeks (2.4 mL/kg/min; 95% confidence interval [CI] = .7-4.1; P = .004), whereas the COMBO group showed minimal change (.2; 95% CI -1.5 to 1.8). This produced a large between-group effect size of 1.0. VO2 at AT increased in the PRIME group (1.6 mL/kg/min; 95% CI .0-3.2) but not in the COMBO group (-1.2; 95% CI -2.9 to .4), producing a large between-group effect size. Total MVC increased significantly in both groups in comparison with baseline; however, the change was larger in the COMBO group (effect size = .6). CONCLUSION Traditional exercise approaches (COMBO) and PRIME improved strength. Only PRIME training produced statistically and clinically significant improvements to aerobic capacity. Taken together, these findings support the hypothesis that PRIME may have potential advantages for older patients with HFrEF and could be a possible alternative exercise modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Giuliano
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES)Victoria UniversityMelbourneAustralia
- Department of CardiologyWestern Health, Sunshine HospitalMelbourneAustralia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES)Victoria UniversityMelbourneAustralia
- Department of CardiologyWestern Health, Sunshine HospitalMelbourneAustralia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)MelbourneAustralia
| | - Sara Vogrin
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)MelbourneAustralia
- Department of Medicine – Western HealthThe University of MelbourneAustralia
| | - Christopher James Neil
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHES)Victoria UniversityMelbourneAustralia
- Department of CardiologyWestern Health, Sunshine HospitalMelbourneAustralia
- Department of Medicine – Western HealthThe University of MelbourneAustralia
| | - Jason David Allen
- Department of Kinesiology, Curry School of Education & Division of Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginiaUSA
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Lopez C, Giuliano C, Gersztein A, Angulo A, Ruybal P. Chagas disease panniculitis in a patient with AIDS. Int J Infect Dis 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Giuliano C, Parmenter BJ, Baker MK, Mitchell BL, Williams AD, Lyndon K, Mair T, Maiorana A, Smart NA, Levinger I. Cardiac Rehabilitation for Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Practical Guide to Enhance Patient Outcomes Through Continuity of Care. Clin Med Insights Cardiol 2017. [PMID: 28638244 PMCID: PMC5470863 DOI: 10.1177/1179546817710028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of disease burden worldwide. Referral to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a class I recommendation for all patients with CAD based on findings that participation can reduce cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, as well as improve functional capacity and quality of life. However, programme uptake remains low, systematic progression through the traditional CR phases is often lacking, and communication between health care providers is frequently suboptimal, resulting in fragmented care. Only 30% to 50% of eligible patients are typically referred to outpatient CR and fewer still complete the programme. In contemporary models of CR, patients are no longer treated by a single practitioner, but rather by an array of health professionals, across multiples specialities and health care settings. The risk of fragmented care in CR may be great, and a concerted approach is required to achieve continuity and optimise patient outcomes. ‘Continuity of care’ has been described as the delivery of services in a coherent, logical, and timely fashion and which entails 3 specific domains: informational, management, and relational continuity. This is examined in the context of CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Giuliano
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Belinda J Parmenter
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael K Baker
- Australian Catholic University School of Exercise Science, Strathfield, NSW Australia
| | - Braden L Mitchell
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), Sansom Institute for Health Research, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Andrew D Williams
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Katie Lyndon
- Exercise & Sports Science Australia, Albion, QLD, Australia
| | - Tarryn Mair
- Division of Medicine, Exercise Physiology Department, ACT Health, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Andrew Maiorana
- School of Physiotherapy and Exercise, Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Allied Health Department and Advanced Heart Failure and Cardiac Transplant Service, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Neil A Smart
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University and Western Health, St. Albans, VIC, Australia
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Giuliano C, Samuel R, Falls R, Woessner M, Hopper I, Vogrin S, Neil C. Relative Effectiveness of Exercise Training, Versus Pharmacotherapies in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Meta-Analysis Focussing on Exercise Outcomes. Heart Lung Circ 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2017.06.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Giuliano C, Karahalios A, Neil C, Allen J, Levinger I. The effects of resistance training on muscle strength, quality of life and aerobic capacity in patients with chronic heart failure - A meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol 2016; 227:413-423. [PMID: 27843045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance training (RT) has been utilised to target muscle dysfunction associated with Chronic Heart Failure (CHF). However, there is limited meta-analysis evidence to support its use as a standalone therapy. This meta-analysis examined the effects of RT on muscle strength (one repetition maximum, 1RM and Peak Torque), aerobic capacity (VO2peak and 6min walk distance) and quality of life (QoL) in patients with CHF. METHODS We searched Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane and CINAHL for studies published up to July 2016, combining terms related to the population (eg, heart failure, CHF) with terms for the intervention (eg, resistance, strength training) and the outcomes (eg, QoL, VO2peak,strength, aerobic capacity). RESULTS Ten studies including 240 participants were included in our meta-analysis (aged 48-76years, Ejection Fraction 18-37%). Training duration ranged from 8 to 24weeks and intensity up to 80% of 1RM. RT increased 1RM (standardised change score=0.60; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.43, 0.77) but not strength measured via peak torque at 60°/s-1 and 180°/s-1. RT increased VO2peak (CSMD: 2.71ml/kg/min; 1.96, 3.45) and QoL (CSMD: -5.71; -9.85, -1.56). CONCLUSION RT as a single intervention can increase muscle strength, aerobic capacity and QoL in patients with CHF and may offer an alternative approach, particularly for those unable to participate in aerobic training. The effect of RT on muscle strength is mainly during slow controlled movements and not during rapid movements. Older adults and patients with advanced CHF are underrepresented in RT trials and future studies should seek to optimise their inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Giuliano
- Clinical Exercise Science Research Program, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Western Health, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Amalia Karahalios
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Christopher Neil
- Clinical Exercise Science Research Program, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Western Health, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Medicine-Western Precinct at the University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Jason Allen
- Clinical Exercise Science Research Program, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Western Health, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Itamar Levinger
- Clinical Exercise Science Research Program, Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; Western Health, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.
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Giuliano C, Cowie K, Saliba J, Scholes E, Fisher K, Cox N, Neil C. Barriers to exercise rehabilitation in the older adult with heart failure. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Karasawa H, Pietra C, Giuliano C, Garcia-Rubio S, Xu X, Yakabi S, Taché Y, Wang L. New ghrelin agonist, HM01 alleviates constipation and L-dopa-delayed gastric emptying in 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson's disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014; 26:1771-82. [PMID: 25327342 PMCID: PMC4457321 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constipation and L-dopa-induced gastric dysmotility are common gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). We investigated the novel ghrelin agonist, HM01 influence on GI motor dysfunctions in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rats. METHODS HM01 pharmacological profiles were determined in vitro and in vivo in rats. We assessed changes in fecal output and water content, and gastric emptying (GE) in 6-OHDA rats treated with orogastric (og) HM01 and L-dopa/carbidopa (LD/CD, 20/2 mg/kg). Fos immunoreactivity (ir) cells in specific brain and lumbosacral spinal cord were quantified. KEY RESULTS HM01 displayed a high binding affinity to ghrelin receptor (Ki: 1.42 ± 0.36 nM), 4.3 ± 1.0 h half-life and high brain/plasma ratio. 6-OHDA rats had reduced daily fecal output (22%) and water intake (23%) compared to controls. HM01 (3 and 10 mg/kg) similarly reversed the decreased 4-h fecal weight and water content in 6-OHDA rats. Basal GE was not modified in 6-OHDA rats, however, LD/CD (once or daily for 8 days) delayed GE in 6-OHDA and control rats that was prevented by HM01 (3 mg/kg acute or daily before LD/CD). HM01 increased Fos-ir cell number in the area postrema, arcuate nucleus, nucleus tractus solitarius, and lumbosacral intermediolateral column of 6-OHDA rats where 6-OHDA had a lowering effect compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES 6-OHDA rats display constipation- and adipsia-like features of PD and L-dopa-inhibited GE. The new orally active ghrelin agonist, HM01 crosses the blood-brain barrier and alleviates these alterations suggesting a potential benefit for PD with GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Karasawa
- Department of Medicine, CURE/Digestive Diseases Center, Digestive Diseases Division, University of California at Los Angeles, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Voisin D, Giuliano C, Baumann S. Bioequivalence and Absolute Bioavailability of a Single Oral Dose of Two Formulations of 0.75 Mg Palonosetron in Healthy Volunteers (HV). Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)34119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Giuliano C, Lovati E, Funk C, Potthast M, Pietra C. In Vitro Drug-Drug Interaction Studies with the Antiemetic Drug Netupitant and its Major Metabolites M1 and M2, Involving Several Human Cytochrome P450 Isoenzymes. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)34168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Giuliano C, Calcagnile S, Mair S, Stevens L, Nisbet I. Adme Study of [14c] Netupitant Administered as an oral 300 Mg Suspension to Healthy Male Subjects. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)34121-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Abstract
Noradrenergic transmission has been implicated in the affective component of relapse to tobacco smoking. Evidence in human and laboratory animals showed that smoking or nicotine administration may cause changes of the noradrenergic system resulting in hyperactivity in this system after cessation. It has been hypothesised that the anti-adrenergic beta-blocker propranolol may decrease affective activation and arousal observed during drug withdrawal or cue-induced relapse. The aim of the present work was to test the effects of propranolol pre-treatment in a rat model of nicotine cue-induced relapse to nicotine seeking. We also tested the effects of propranolol on food cue-induced reinstatement of food seeking in rats trained on food self-administration. Propranolol transiently inhibited nicotine cue-induced reinstatement. The inhibitory effect of propranolol reached a peak after 30 min from the beginning of the reinstatement session and then it declined until it was completely absent at the end of the 3-h session. This inhibitory effect of propranolol was not observed when the drug was tested versus reinstatement with food cues. The present study suggests a weak effect of propranolol to counteract nicotine cue-induced reinstatement of nicotine seeking. Therefore, these findings do not support a potential use of propranolol for prevention of smoking relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Chiamulera
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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Giuliano C, Fiore F, Di Marco A, Padron Velazquez J, Bishop A, Bonelli F, Gonzalez-Paz O, Marcucci I, Harper S, Narjes F, Pacini B, Monteagudo E, Migliaccio G, Rowley M, Laufer R. Preclinical pharmacokinetics and metabolism of a potent non-nucleoside inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus NS5B polymerase. Xenobiotica 2008; 35:1035-54. [PMID: 16393860 DOI: 10.1080/00498250500356548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The disposition of compound A, a potent inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase, was characterized in animals in support of its selection for further development. Compound A exhibited marked species differences in pharmacokinetics. Plasma clearance was 44 ml min-1 kg-1 in rats, 9 ml min-1 kg-1 in dogs and 16 ml min-1 kg-1 in rhesus monkeys. Oral bioavailability was low in rats (10%) but significantly higher in dogs (52%) and monkeys (26%). Compound A was eliminated primarily by metabolism in rats, with biliary excretion accounting for 30% of its clearance. Metabolism was mainly mediated by cyclohexyl hydroxylation, with N-deethylation and acyl glucuronide formation constituting minor metabolic pathways. Qualitatively, the same metabolites were identified using in vitro systems from all species studied, including humans. The low oral bioavailability of compound A in rats was mostly due to poor intestinal absorption. This conclusion was borne out by the findings that hepatic extraction in the rat was only 30%, intraperitoneal bioavailability was good, and compound A was poorly absorbed from the rat isolated intestinal loop, with no detectable intestinal metabolism. Compound A was not an inhibitor of major human cytochrome P450 enzymes, indicating minimal potential for clinical drug-drug interactions. The metabolic clearance of compound A in rat, dog and monkey hepatocytes correlated with the systemic clearance observed in these species. Since compound A was very stable in human hepatocytes, the results suggest that it will be a low clearance drug in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giuliano
- Department of Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche di Biologia Molecolare (IRBM) P. Angeletti, Merck Research Laboratories Rome, Pomezia, Italy
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Ponzi S, Giuliano C, Donghi M, Poma M, Matassa V, Stansfield I. Phenyldihydroxypyrimidines as HCV NS5B RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase Inhibitors. Part II: Sulfonamides. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2005. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180054771527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Torresin A, Cassola G, Penco G, Giuliano C, Campanella A, Piersatelli N. Cyotokines and surrogate markers in HIV-related opportunistic malignancies. Eur J Cancer 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(97)84585-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- L Eisenfeld
- Department of Pediatrics, Hartford Hospital, CT 06115
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Deschamps F, Giuliano C, Asther M, Huet MC, Roussos S. Cellulase production by trichoderma harzianumin static and mixed solid-state fermentation reactors under nonaseptic conditions. Biotechnol Bioeng 1985; 27:1385-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.260270917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
A newly isolated mesophilic anaerobe,
Bacteroides cellulosolvens
, has the ability to produce cellulase and to degrade cellulose to cellobiose and glucose. It does not utilize glucose, and it lacks β-glucosidase activity. This anaerobe appears to degrade cellulose to cellobiose by cellulase action, and the presence of cells appears necessary for the formation of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Giuliano
- Division of Biological Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6
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Giuliano C. [Influence of the method of manufacturing of Ca 45 on its non-protein-bound serum fraction]. Pathol Biol (Paris) 1972; 20:205-11. [PMID: 4553283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Mathieu H, Cuisinier-Gleizes P, Giuliano C, George A. [Bone resorption by phosphorus deprivation in rats]. C R Acad Hebd Seances Acad Sci D 1971; 272:3180-3. [PMID: 4997907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Cuisinier-Gleizes P, George A, Giuliano C, Mathieu H. Stimulation of bone resorption by phosphorus deprivation in the rat. Isr J Med Sci 1971; 7:355. [PMID: 5567472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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