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Hossain MA, Lim S, Bhilare KD, Alam MJ, Chen B, Vijayakumar A, Yoon H, Kang CW, Kim JH. Bone marrow stem cells incubated with ellipticine regenerate articular cartilage by attenuating inflammation and cartilage degradation in rabbit model. J Vet Sci 2023; 24:e83. [PMID: 38031520 PMCID: PMC10694374 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ellipticine (Ellip.) was recently reported to have beneficial effects on the differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into mature chondrocyte-like cells. On the other hand, no practical results have been derived from the transplantation of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) in a rabbit osteoarthritis (OA) model. OBJECTIVES This study examined whether autologous BMSCs incubated with ellipticine (Ellip.+BMSCs) could regenerate articular cartilage in rabbit OA, a model similar to degenerative arthritis in human beings. METHODS A portion of rabbit articular cartilage was surgically removed, and Ellip.+BMSCs were transplanted into the lesion area. After two and four weeks of treatment, the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, i.e., tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), were analyzed, while macroscopic and micro-computed tomography (CT) evaluations were conducted to determine the intensity of cartilage degeneration. Furthermore, immuno-blotting was performed to evaluate the mitogen-activated protein kinases, PI3K/Akt, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling in rabbit OA models. Histological staining was used to confirm the change in the pattern of collagen and proteoglycan in the articular cartilage matrix. RESULTS The transplantation of Ellip.+BMSCs elicited a chondroprotective effect by reducing the inflammatory factors (TNF-α, PGE2) in a time-dependent manner. Macroscopic observations, micro-CT, and histological staining revealed articular cartilage regeneration with the downregulation of matrix-metallo proteinases (MMPs), preventing articular cartilage degradation. Furthermore, histological observations confirmed a significant boost in the production of chondrocytes, collagen, and proteoglycan compared to the control group. Western blotting data revealed the downregulation of the p38, PI3K-Akt, and NF-κB inflammatory pathways to attenuate inflammation. CONCLUSIONS The transplantation of Ellip.+BMSCs normalized the OA condition by boosting the recovery of degenerated articular cartilage and inhibiting the catabolic signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung 25601, Korea
| | - Kiran D Bhilare
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Baicheng Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Ajay Vijayakumar
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Hakyoung Yoon
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Biosafety Research Institute, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea.
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Shao A, Xu Q, Kang CW, Cain CF, Lee AC, Tang CHA, Del Valle JR, Hu CCA. IRE-1-Targeting Caged Prodrug with Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Inducing and XBP-1S-Inhibiting Activities for Cancer Therapy. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1059-1067. [PMID: 35253431 PMCID: PMC9296017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Activation
of the IRE-1/XBP-1s pathway supports tumor progression.
Here, we report a novel prodrug, TC-D-F07, in which a thiol-reactive
dinitrobenzenesulfonyl (Dns) cage was installed onto the C8 hydroxyl
of the covalent IRE-1 inhibitor D-F07. The electron-withdrawing Dns
group in TC-D-F07 stabilizes the neighboring 1,3-dioxane acetal, allowing
for stimulus-mediated control of its inhibitory activity. TC-D-F07
exhibits high sensitivity to intracellular thiols. Because tumor cells
exhibit higher concentrations of glutathione and cysteine, treatment
with TC-D-F07 results in more sustained levels of D-F07 in transformed
versus normal cells. In addition, we show that a dinitrophenyl cysteine
adduct resulting from cleavage of the Dns group induces endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) stress, causing tumor cells to increase the expression
of XBP-1s. The accumulated levels of D-F07 and its gradual decomposition
into the active IRE-1 inhibitor eventually deprive tumor cells of
XBP-1s, leading to more severe apoptosis than those treated with its
uncaged analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andong Shao
- Center for Translational Research in Hematologic Malignancies, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Qin Xu
- Center for Translational Research in Hematologic Malignancies, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Christopher F. Cain
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Avery C. Lee
- Center for Translational Research in Hematologic Malignancies, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Chih-Hang Anthony Tang
- Center for Translational Research in Hematologic Malignancies, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Juan R. Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Chih-Chi Andrew Hu
- Center for Translational Research in Hematologic Malignancies, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
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Shao A, Xu Q, Spalek WT, Cain CF, Kang CW, Tang CHA, Del Valle JR, Hu CCA. Development of Tumor-Targeting IRE-1 Inhibitors for B-cell Cancer Therapy. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:2432-2444. [PMID: 33051362 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The IRE-1 kinase/RNase splices the mRNA of the XBP-1 gene, resulting in the spliced XBP-1 (XBP-1s) mRNA that encodes the functional XBP-1s transcription factor that is critically important for the growth and survival of B-cell leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma (MM). Several inhibitors targeting the expression of XBP-1s have been reported; however, the cytotoxicity exerted by each inhibitor against cancer cells is highly variable. To design better therapeutic strategies for B-cell cancer, we systematically compared the ability of these compounds to inhibit the RNase activity of IRE-1 in vitro and to suppress the expression of XBP-1s in mouse and human MM cell lines. Tricyclic chromenone-based inhibitors B-I09 and D-F07, prodrugs harboring an aldehyde-masking group, emerged as the most reliable inhibitors for potent suppression of XBP-1s expression in MM cells. The cytotoxicity of B-I09 and D-F07 against MM as well as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma could be further enhanced by combination with inhibitors of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Because chemical modifications of the salicylaldehyde hydroxy group could be used to tune 1,3-dioxane prodrug stability, we installed reactive oxygen species-sensitive structural cage groups onto these inhibitors to achieve stimuli-responsive activities and improve tumor-targeting efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andong Shao
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Qin Xu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Christopher F Cain
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
| | | | - Juan R Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana.
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4
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Zheng L, Cho SH, Kang CW, Lee KW, Kim KE, An BK. Effects of β-mannanase on Egg Production Performance, Egg Quality, Intestinal Microbiota, Viscosity, and Ammonia Concentration in Laying Hens. Braz J Poult Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Zheng
- Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - SH Cho
- Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - CW Kang
- Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - KW Lee
- Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
| | - KE Kim
- Nonghyup Feed, Republic of Korea
| | - BK An
- Konkuk University, Republic of Korea
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5
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Li HY, Osman H, Kang CW, Ba T, Lou J. Numerical and experimental studies of water disinfection in UV reactors. Water Sci Technol 2019; 80:1456-1465. [PMID: 31961808 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Performance of UV reactors for water disinfection is investigated in this paper. Both experimental and numerical studies are performed on base reactor LP24. Enterobacteria phage MS2 is chosen as the challenge microorganism in the experiments. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the effect of different parameters, i.e. flow rate and UV transmission, on the reactor performance. Simulation is carried out based on the commercial software ANSYS FLUENT with user defined functions (UDFs) implemented. The UDF is programmed to calculate UV dose absorbed by different microorganisms along their flow trajectories. The effect with boundary layer mesh and without boundary layer mesh for LP24 is studied. The results show that the inclusion of boundary layer mesh does not have much effect on the reactor performance in terms of reduction equivalent dose (RED). The numerical results agree well with the experimental measurements, hence validating the numerical model. With this achieved, the numerical model is applied to study other scaled reactors: LP12, LP40, LP60 and LP80. Comparisons show that LP40 has the highest RED and log inactivation among all the reactors while LP80 has the lowest RED and log inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Li
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, 16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore E-mail:
| | - H Osman
- Research & Development, Sembcorp Marine Ltd, 80 Tuas South Boulevard, Singapore 637051, Singapore
| | - C W Kang
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, 16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore E-mail:
| | - T Ba
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, 16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore E-mail:
| | - J Lou
- Institute of High Performance Computing (IHPC), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Fusionopolis Way, 16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore E-mail:
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6
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Shao A, Kang CW, Tang CHA, Cain CF, Xu Q, Phoumyvong CM, Del Valle JR, Hu CCA. Structural Tailoring of a Novel Fluorescent IRE-1 RNase Inhibitor to Precisely Control Its Activity. J Med Chem 2019; 62:5404-5413. [PMID: 31083990 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the IRE-1/XBP-1 pathway has been linked to many human diseases. We report a novel fluorescent tricyclic chromenone inhibitor, D-F07, in which we incorporated a 9-methoxy group onto the chromenone core to enhance its potency and masked the aldehyde to achieve long-term efficacy. Protection of the aldehyde as a 1,3-dioxane acetal led to strong fluorescence emitted by the coumarin chromophore, enabling D-F07 to be tracked inside the cell. We installed a photolabile structural cage on the hydroxy group of D-F07 to generate PC-D-F07. Such a modification significantly stabilized the 1,3-dioxane acetal protecting group, allowing for specific stimulus-mediated control of inhibitory activity. Upon photoactivation, the re-exposed hydroxy group on D-F07 triggered the aldehyde-protecting 1,3-dioxane acetal to slowly decompose, leading to the inhibition of the RNase activity of IRE-1. Our novel findings will also allow for spatiotemporal control of the inhibitory effect of other salicylaldehyde-based compounds currently in development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andong Shao
- The Wistar Institute , 3601 Spruce Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Chih-Hang Anthony Tang
- The Wistar Institute , 3601 Spruce Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Christopher F Cain
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Qin Xu
- The Wistar Institute , 3601 Spruce Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Claire M Phoumyvong
- The Wistar Institute , 3601 Spruce Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Juan R Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry , University of South Florida , Tampa , Florida 33620 , United States
| | - Chih-Chi Andrew Hu
- The Wistar Institute , 3601 Spruce Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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7
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Betts BC, Locke FL, Sagatys EM, Pidala J, Walton K, Menges M, Reff J, Saha A, Djeu JY, Kiluk JV, Lee MC, Kim J, Kang CW, Tang CH, Frieling J, Lynch CC, List A, Rodriguez PC, Blazar BR, Conejo-Garcia JR, Del Valle JR, Hu CC, Anasetti C. Inhibition of Human Dendritic Cell ER Stress Response Reduces T Cell Alloreactivity Yet Spares Donor Anti-tumor Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2887. [PMID: 30574153 PMCID: PMC6291501 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute graft- vs. -host disease (GVHD) is an important cause of morbidity and death after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). We identify a new approach to prevent GVHD that impairs monocyte-derived dendritic cell (moDC) alloactivation of T cells, yet preserves graft- vs.-leukemia (GVL). Exceeding endoplasmic reticulum (ER) capacity results in a spliced form of X-box binding protein-1 (XBP-1s). XBP-1s mediates ER stress and inflammatory responses. We demonstrate that siRNA targeting XBP-1 in moDCs abrogates their stimulation of allogeneic T cells. B-I09, an inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) inhibitor that prevents XBP-1 splicing, reduces human moDC migration, allo-stimulatory potency, and curtails moDC IL-1β, TGFβ, and p40 cytokines, suppressing Th1 and Th17 cell priming. B-I09-treated moDCs reduce responder T cell activation via calcium flux without interfering with regulatory T cell (Treg) function or GVL effects by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and NK cells. In a human T cell mediated xenogeneic GVHD model, B-I09 inhibition of XBP-1s reduced target-organ damage and pathogenic Th1 and Th17 cells without impacting donor Tregs or anti-tumor CTL. DC XBP-1s inhibition provides an innovative strategy to prevent GVHD and retain GVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Betts
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Immunotherapy, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States.,Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Frederick L Locke
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Immunotherapy, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Elizabeth M Sagatys
- Department of Hematopathology and Laboratory Medicine, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Joseph Pidala
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Immunotherapy, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Kelly Walton
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States.,Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Meghan Menges
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jordan Reff
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Asim Saha
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,The Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Julie Y Djeu
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - John V Kiluk
- Comprehensive Breast Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Marie C Lee
- Comprehensive Breast Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jongphil Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Chih-Hang Tang
- Department of Translational Tumor Immunology, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jeremy Frieling
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Conor C Lynch
- Department of Tumor Biology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Alan List
- Department of Malignant Hematology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Paulo C Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,The Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | - Juan R Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Chih-Chi Hu
- Department of Translational Tumor Immunology, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Claudio Anasetti
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Immunotherapy, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Immunology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
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8
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Tang CH, Chang S, Hashimoto A, Chen YJ, Kang CW, Mato A, Valle JD, Gabrilovich D, Hu CCA. Abstract 4756: Secretory IgM exacerbates tumor progression by inducing accumulations of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-4756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To explore the role of B cell receptor (BCR) in promoting malignant progression of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) in mice, we generate MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice, whose B cells harbor a monoclonal BCR against hen egg lysozyme (HEL) and secrete IgM against HEL. MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice survive significantly shorter than Eμ-TCL1 mice. While precancerous B cells in young MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice recognize HEL, CLL cells developed in older MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice fail to recognize HEL. Nevertheless, MD4/Eμ-TCL1 CLL cells can be activated by goat F(ab')2 anti-mouse IgM and respond by phosphorylation of Igα, Syk and ERK1/2, indicating reactivation of a parental Ig gene allele. MD4/Eμ-TCL1 CLL cells also produce large quantities of secretory IgM (sIgM), which does not react with HEL. Compared with age-matched Eμ-TCL1 mice, MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice also generate a significantly increased population of CD11b+/Ly6G+ granulocytic cells in the peripheral blood, spleens and bone marrow. CD11b+/Ly6G+ granulocytic cells purified from spleens of MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice can suppress CD3/CD28-mediated proliferation of CD8+ T cells and gp100-loaded class I MHC-mediated proliferation of CD8+ T cells from PMEL-1 mice, qualifying these cells as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Increased MDSCs may account for significantly decreased T cells and poor prognosis in CLL-bearing MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice. Because MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mouse CLL cells and human CLL cells can produce sIgM, we hypothesize that sIgM may account for the accumulation of MDSCs. To test this hypothesis, we cross μS-/- mice, which cannot produce sIgM, with Eμ-TCL1 mice. The μS-/-/Eμ-TCL1 mice indeed develop significantly lower numbers of MDSCs, and survive significantly longer than Eμ-TCL1 mice. We decide to target the synthesis of sIgM by deleting the function of XBP-1, because the synthesis of sIgM is tightly regulated by a mechanism called regulated IRE-1-dependent decay (RIDD), which is hyperactivated in B cells as a response to XBP-1 deficiency. We cross B cell-specific XBP-1KO mice with MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice, and the resultant XBP-1KO/MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice indeed produce significantly reduced amounts of sIgM and decreased numbers of MDSCs. In addition, μS-/- mice grafted with Lewis lung carcinoma exhibit reduced functions of MDSCs in suppressing T cells, resulting in significantly slower tumor growth. These results clearly demonstrate that sIgM produced by B cells can upregulate the immunosuppressive functions of MDSCs in tumor-bearing mice to aggravate cancer progression.
Citation Format: Chih-Hang Tang, Shiun Chang, Ayumi Hashimoto, Yi-Ju Chen, Chang Won Kang, Anthony Mato, Juan Del Valle, Dmitry Gabrilovich, Chih-Chi Andrew Hu. Secretory IgM exacerbates tumor progression by inducing accumulations of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in mice [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4756.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassin M. Elbatrawi
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Juan R. Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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10
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Tang CH, Chang S, Hashimoto A, Chen YJ, Kang CW, Mato AR, Del Valle JR, Gabrilovich DI, Hu CC. Secretory IgM Exacerbates Tumor Progression by Inducing Accumulations of MDSCs in Mice. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 6:696-710. [PMID: 29650518 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells can secrete immunoglobulin M. However, it is not clear whether secretory IgM (sIgM) plays a role in disease progression. We crossed the Eμ-TCL1 mouse model of CLL, in which the expression of human TCL1 oncogene was driven by the V(H) promoter-Ig(H)-Eμ enhancer, with MD4 mice whose B cells produced B-cell receptor (membrane-bound IgM) and sIgM with specificity for hen egg lysozyme (HEL). CLL cells that developed in these MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice reactivated a parental Ig gene allele and secreted IgM, and did not recognize HEL. The MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice had reduced survival, increased myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), and decreased numbers of T cells. We tested whether sIgM could contribute to the accumulation of MDSCs by crossing μS-/- mice, which could not produce sIgM, with Eμ-TCL1 mice. The μS-/-/Eμ-TCL1 mice survived longer than Eμ-TCL1 mice and developed decreased numbers of MDSCs which were less able to suppress proliferation of T cells. We targeted the synthesis of sIgM by deleting the function of XBP-1s and showed that targeting XBP-1s genetically or pharmacologically could lead to decreased sIgM, accompanied by decreased numbers and reduced functions of MDSCs in MD4/Eμ-TCL1 mice. Additionally, MDSCs from μS-/- mice grafted with Lewis lung carcinoma were inefficient suppressors of T cells, resulting in slower tumor growth. These results demonstrate that sIgM produced by B cells can upregulate the functions of MDSCs in tumor-bearing mice to aggravate cancer progression. In a mouse model of CLL, production of secretory IgM led to more MDSCs, fewer T cells, and shorter survival times for the mice. Thus, secretory IgM may aggravate the progression of this cancer. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(6); 696-710. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shiun Chang
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Yi-Ju Chen
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Anthony R Mato
- Center for CLL, Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Juan R Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | | | - Chih-Chi Hu
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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11
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Betts BC, Locke FL, Sagatys EM, Pidala JA, Walton K, Menges M, Reff J, Djeu JY, Kiluk JV, Lee MC, Kang CW, List AF, Del Valle JR, Hu CCA, Anasetti C. Inhibition of Human Dendritic Cell ER Stress Reduces Gvhd Without Impairing Tregs, NK Cells, or Anti-Tumor Ctl. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2017.12.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Matthew P. Sarnowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Yassin M. Elbatrawi
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Juan R. Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Sarnowski
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Yassin M. Elbatrawi
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Juan R. Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
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Sarnowski MP, Kang CW, Elbatrawi YM, Wojtas L, Del Valle JR. Peptide N-Amination Supports β-Sheet Conformations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2083-2086. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201609395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P. Sarnowski
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Yassin M. Elbatrawi
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Juan R. Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry; University of South Florida; 4202 E. Fowler Avenue Tampa FL 33620 USA
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15
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An BK, Jung JH, Oh ST, Kang CW, Lee KW, Lee SR. Effects of Diets with Graded Levels of Canola Meal on the Growth Performance, Meat Qualities, Relative Organ Weights, and Blood Characteristics of Broiler Chickens. Rev Bras Cienc Avic 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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16
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Kang CW, Sarnowski MP, Ranatunga S, Wojtas L, Metcalf RS, Guida WC, Del Valle JR. β-Strand mimics based on tetrahydropyridazinedione (tpd) peptide stitching. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:16259-62. [PMID: 26400240 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07189e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Short peptides featuring a tetrahydropyridazinedione (tpd) backbone tether exhibit reduced conformational flexibility external to the heterocyclic constraint. Analysis by NMR, molecular modeling and X-ray crystallography suggests both covalent and non-covalent stabilization of extended peptide conformations. An efficient solid-phase protocol was developed for the synthesis of a new class of β-strand mimics based on oligomeric tpd subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | | | - Sujeewa Ranatunga
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Rainer S Metcalf
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Wayne C Guida
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| | - Juan R Del Valle
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Do
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Joon Hyung Cho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
| | - Scott R. Gilbertson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, United States
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18
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An BK, Kim JY, Oh ST, Kang CW, Cho S, Kim SK. Effects of onion extracts on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood profiles of white mini broilers. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:247-51. [PMID: 25557821 PMCID: PMC4283170 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was carried out to investigate effects of onion extract on growth performance, meat quality and blood profiles of White mini broilers. Total of 600 one-d-old male White mini broiler chicks were divided into four groups and fed control diets (non-medicated commercial diet or antibiotics medicated) or experimental diets (non-medicated diets containing 0.3% or 0.5% onion extract) for 5 wks. The final body weight (BW) and weight gain of the group fed non-medicated control diet were lower than those of medicated control group (p<0.01). The chicks fed diet with 0.3% or 0.5% onion extract showed a similar BW to that of medicated control group. The relative weight of various organs, such as liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, abdominal fat, and the activities of serum enzymes were not affected by dietary treatments. There were no significant differences in meat color among groups. Whereas, groups fed diets containing onion extract had slightly lower cooking loss and higher shear force value, but not significantly. The concentrations of serum free cholesterol and triacylglycerol in groups fed diet containing onion extract were significantly decreased compared with those of controls (p<0.01). In conclusion, the onion extracts exerted a growth-promoting effect when added in White mini broiler diets, reflecting potential alternative substances to replace antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K An
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - J Y Kim
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - S T Oh
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - S Cho
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
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19
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Oh ST, Zheng L, Kwon HJ, Choo YK, Lee KW, Kang CW, An BK. Effects of Dietary Fermented Chlorella vulgaris (CBT(®)) on Growth Performance, Relative Organ Weights, Cecal Microflora, Tibia Bone Characteristics, and Meat Qualities in Pekin Ducks. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 28:95-101. [PMID: 25557680 PMCID: PMC4283193 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.14.0473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fermented Chlorella vulgaris was examined for its effects on growth performance, cecal microflora, tibia bone strength, and meat qualities in commercial Pekin ducks. A total of three hundred, day-old male Pekin ducks were divided into three groups with five replicates (n = 20 ducklings per replicate) and offered diets supplemented with commercial fermented C. vulgaris (CBT(®)) at the level of 0, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg, respectively for 6 wks. The final body weight was linearly (p = 0.001) increased as the addition of fermented C. vulgaris into diets increased. Similarly, dietary C. vulgaris linearly increased body weight gain (p = 0.001) and feed intake (p = 0.001) especially at the later days of the feeding trial. However, there was no C. vulgaris effect on feed efficiency. Relative weights of liver were significantly lowered by dietary fermented C. vulgaris (linear effect at p = 0.044). Dietary fermented C. vulgaris did not affect total microbes, lactic acid bacteria, and coliforms in cecal contents. Finally, meat quality parameters such as meat color (i.e., yellowness), shear force, pH, or water holding capacity were altered by adding fermented C. vulgaris into the diet. In our knowledge, this is the first report to show that dietary fermented C. vulgaris enhanced meat qualities of duck meats. In conclusion, our study indicates that dietary fermented C. vulgaris exerted benefits on productivity and can be employed as a novel, nutrition-based strategy to produce value-added duck meats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Oh
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - L Zheng
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - Y K Choo
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - K W Lee
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
| | - B K An
- Dan Biotech Inc., Cheonan 330-834, Korea
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20
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Lee KW, Choi YI, Moon EJ, Oh ST, Lee HH, Kang CW, An BK. Evaluation of dietary multiple enzyme preparation (natuzyme) in laying hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:1749-54. [PMID: 25358369 PMCID: PMC4213687 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2014.14294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The current experiment was designed to evaluate the efficacy of adding the multi-enzyme mixture (Natuzyme) into layers' diets with different levels of energy and available phosphorus in relation to laying performance, egg qualities, blood cholesterol level, microflora and intestinal viscosity. Two hundred and fifty 43-wk-old Hy-Line commercial layers were divided into five groups with five replicates per group (10 birds per replicate) and fed one of five experimental diets. A corn and soybean meal-based control diet was formulated and used as a control diet. Two experimental control diets were formulated to reduce energy and crude protein contents (rE) or energy, crude protein and phosphorus contents (rEP). In addition, Natuzyme was added into either rE (rE-Natu500) or rEP (rEP-Natu500) diet to reach a concentration of 500 mg per kg of diet. The experiment lasted 8 weeks. There were no significant differences in feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg qualities such as eggshell color or Haugh unit, total cholesterol, relative organ weights and cecal microflora profiles between any dietary treatments. Natu500 supplementation into the rE diet, but not rEP diet significantly increased egg mass and eggshell qualities such as strength and thickness, but it decreased cecal ammonia concentration and intestinal viscosity in laying hens. In conclusion, the present study shows that adding multiple enzyme preparation could improve performance of laying hens fed energy and protein restricted diets.
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Abstract
![]()
The
design and solid-phase synthesis of tetrahydropyridazine-3,6-dione
(Tpd) peptidomimetics derived from backbone-aminated peptides is reported.
The described protocol features the synthesis of chiral α-hydrazino
acids suitable for chemoselective incorporation into growing peptide
chains. Acid-catalyzed cyclization to form the Tpd ring during cleavage
affords the target peptidomimetics in good yield and purity. The scope
of Tpd incorporation is demonstrated through the synthesis of constrained
peptides featuring nucleophilic/electrophilic side chains and sterically
encumbered α-substituted hydrazino acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Won Kang
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
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22
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Kim YB, Kang CW, Ranatunga S, Yang H, Sebti SM, Del Valle JR. Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-based peptidomimetics as inhibitors of Akt. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4650-4653. [PMID: 25205195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of imidazopyridine-based peptidomimetics based on the substrate consensus sequence of Akt, an AGC family serine/threonine kinase hyperactivated in over 50% of human tumors. Our ligand-based approach led to the identification of novel substrate mimetic inhibitors of Akt1 featuring an unnatural extended dipeptide surrogate. Compound 11 inhibits Akt isoforms in the sub-micromolar range and exhibits improved proteolytic stability relative to a parent pentapeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young B Kim
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Chang Won Kang
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Sujeewa Ranatunga
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Hua Yang
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Said M Sebti
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Juan R Del Valle
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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23
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Choo YK, Kwon HJ, Oh ST, Kang CW, Kim HK, Hong EC, Heo KN, Lee SK, An BK. Growth performance and carcass characteristics of korean native ducks fed diets with varying levels of limiting amino acids. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:518-23. [PMID: 25049982 PMCID: PMC4093530 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
There are multiple experiments conducted with male Korean native ducks (KND) to evaluate the optimal levels of limiting amino acids (AA). In Exp. 1, a total of 450 one-d-old male KNDs were divided into five groups with six replicates and fed experimental diets with varying levels of lysine, total sulfur amino acids (TSAA) and threonine (T1, 0.90/0.74/0.70%; T2, 1.00/0.82/0.77%; T3, 1.10/0.90/0.85%; T4, 1.20/0.98/0.93%; T5, 1.30/1.07/1.01%) to 21 d of age. In Exp. 2, one-d-old male KND were received and fed commercial starter diet from hatching to 21 d of age, and then divided into five groups with six replicates and fed one of five diets varying levels of lysine, TSAA, and threonine (T1, 0.73/0.62/0.54%; T2, 0.80/0.68/0.60%; T3, 0.87/0.74/0.65%; T4, 0.94/0.80/0.70%; T5, 1.01/0.86/0.75%) during 22 to 56 d of age, respectively. The BW gain was linearly increased as dietary limiting AA levels increased to 1.20% lysine, 0.98% TSAA and 0.93% threonine. There were no significant differences in feed intake, gain:feed and uniformity among groups. In Exp. 2, the BW gain and gain:feed were not affected by dietary limiting AA levels. There were no significant differences in carcass characteristics and meat quality among groups. The growth performance and carcass characteristics did not show the significant response to increasing dietary limiting AA levels in KND during 22 to 56 d of age. In conclusion, the levels of lysine, TSAA and threonine necessary to maximize growth for starter phase were at least 1.20%, 0.98%, and 0.93%, respectively. On the other hands, KND require relatively low levels of limiting AA for late growth and carcass yield. The dietary levels of 0.73% lysine, 0.62% TSAA and 0.54% threonine appear to be adequate during growing phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Choo
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - S T Oh
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - H K Kim
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - E C Hong
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - K N Heo
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
| | - S K Lee
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - B K An
- Poultry Science Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Seonghwan 330-801, Korea
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Choi YI, Ahn HJ, Lee BK, Oh ST, An BK, Kang CW. Nutritional and Hormonal Induction of Fatty Liver Syndrome and Effects of Dietary Lipotropic Factors in Egg-type Male Chicks. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 25:1145-52. [PMID: 25049674 PMCID: PMC4092996 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 05/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted with male chicks to investigate the influence of hormones and nutrients on the development of fatty liver syndrome (FLS) as well as the effects of dietary lipotropic factors on hepatic fat accumulation and lipogenic enzyme gene expression. A total of two-hundred sixteen 4-wk-old Hy-Line male chicks were divided into six groups and fed an experimental diet (T1, low-energy diet with low levels of lipotropic factors; T2, high-energy diet with low levels of lipotropic factors; T3 and T5, low-energy diet with high levels of lipotropic factors; T4 and T6, high-energy diet with high levels of lipotropic factors) for six weeks. The chicks in T5 and T6 groups were treated with intramuscular injections of estradiol benzoate for three days prior to biopsy and clinical analysis of FLS. Chicks treated with estrogen had significantly greater liver weights than untreated chicks. The abdominal fat contents were increased in chicks consuming high-energy diets as compared to those consuming low-energy diets. Treatment with estrogen significantly increased the concentrations of serum cholesterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipid (p<0.05). The hepatic triacylglycerol levels were tenfold higher in the estrogen treated chicks than in the untreated chicks. There were no significant differences in malondialdehyde levels between the treatment groups. Estrogen treatment dramatically increased the levels of fatty acid synthetase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and ApoB mRNA. The results indicated that treatment with exogenous estrogen in growing male chicks induced hepatic fat accumulation, which might be partially due to increased lipogenic enzyme gene expression.
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25
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Choo YK, Kwon HJ, Oh ST, Um JS, Kim BG, Kang CW, Lee SK, An BK. Comparison of growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of korean local chickens and silky fowl. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2014; 27:398-405. [PMID: 25049967 PMCID: PMC4093260 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of 4 breeds of local chicken. A total of 480 1-d-old chicks were distributed to 16 pens, with 4 treatments of breed, 4 replicates and 30 chicks per pen. Three Korean local breeds of white-mini broiler, Hanhyup-3-ho, and Woorimatdag, and a breed of silky fowl were raised under identical rearing and feeding conditions for 31-d, 37-d, 36-d, and 59-d, respectively. The BW and feed consumption on a pen basis were weekly measured for all pens, and ADFI, ADG and gain:feed were calculated for each pen. The ADFI and ADG of 3 breeds of Korean local chicken were greater than those of silky fowl (p<0.05). Within the Korean local breeds, ADFI of white-mini broiler was the highest (p<0.05), and ADG of Hanhyup-3-ho and white-mini broiler was the highest (p<0.05). Gain:feed of silky fowl was less than that of the 3 breeds of Korean local chicken. The carcass and breast yield of white-mini broiler were the greater than those of other breeds (p<0.05). The breast meat color (CIE L*, a*, and b*) of 3 breeds of Korean local chicken were higher than that of silky fowl (p<0.05). The breast meat of Hanhyup-3-ho had greater cooking loss (p<0.05), whereas water holding capacity and pH were less than those of other breeds (p<0.05). The color score of 3 breeds of Korean local chicken was higher than that of silky fowl (p<0.05). Woorimatdag had a higher score on tenderness (p<0.05), whereas flavor score was less than that of other breeds (p<0.05). In conclusion, 4 local breeds of chicken have some unique features and seem to have more advantages, and this information can help consumers who prefer healthy and premium chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Choo
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - H J Kwon
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - S T Oh
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - J S Um
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - B G Kim
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
| | - S K Lee
- Department of Animal Products and Food Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - B K An
- Nonghyup Feed Inc., Seoul 134-763, Korea
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Ranatunga S, Tang CHA, Kang CW, Kriss CL, Kloppenburg BJ, Hu CCA, Del Valle JR. Synthesis of novel tricyclic chromenone-based inhibitors of IRE-1 RNase activity. J Med Chem 2014; 57:4289-301. [PMID: 24749861 PMCID: PMC4032190 DOI: 10.1021/jm5002452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1)
is a kinase/RNase ER stress
sensor that is activated in response to excessive accumulation of
unfolded proteins, hypoxic conditions, calcium imbalance, and other
stress stimuli. Activation of IRE-1 RNase function exerts a cytoprotective
effect and has been implicated in the progression of cancer via increased
expression of the transcription factor XBP-1s. Here, we describe the
synthesis and biological evaluation of novel chromenone-based covalent
inhibitors of IRE-1. Preparation of a family of 8-formyltetrahydrochromeno[3,4-c]pyridines was achieved via a Duff formylation that
is attended by an unusual cyclization reaction. Biological evaluation
in vitro and in whole cells led to the identification of 30 as a potent inhibitor of IRE-1 RNase activity and XBP-1s expression
in wild type B cells and human mantle cell lymphoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeewa Ranatunga
- Drug Discovery Department and ‡Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute , 12902 Magnolia Drive MRC3E, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
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27
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Wecker L, Engberg ME, Philpot RM, Lambert CS, Kang CW, Antilla JC, Bickford PC, Hudson CE, Zesiewicz TA, Rowell PP. Neuronal nicotinic receptor agonists improve gait and balance in olivocerebellar ataxia. Neuropharmacology 2013; 73:75-86. [PMID: 23711550 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies have reported that the nicotinic receptor agonist varenicline improves balance and coordination in patients with several types of ataxia, but confirmation in an animal model has not been demonstrated. This study investigated whether varenicline and nicotine could attenuate the ataxia induced in rats following destruction of the olivocerebellar pathway by the neurotoxin 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP). The administration of 3-AP (70 mg/kg followed by 300 mg niacinamide/kg; i.p.) led to an 85% loss of inferior olivary neurons within one week without evidence of recovery, and was accompanied by a 72% decrease in rotorod activity, a 3-fold increase in the time to traverse a stationary beam, a 19% decrease in velocity and 31% decrease in distance moved in the open field, and alterations in gait parameters, with a 19% increase in hindpaw stride width. The daily administration of nicotine (0.33 mg free base/kg) for one week improved rotorod performance by 50% and normalized the increased hindpaw stride width, effects that were prevented by the daily preadministration of the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine (0.8 mg free base/kg). Varenicline (1 and 3 mg free base/kg daily) also improved rotorod performance by approximately 50% following one week of administration, and although it did not alter the time to traverse the beam, it did improve the ability to maintain balance on the beam. Neither varenicline nor nicotine, at doses that improved balance, affected impaired locomotor activity in the open field. Results provide evidence that nicotinic agonists are of benefit for alleviating some of the behavioral deficits in olivocerebellar ataxia and warrant further studies to elucidate the specific mechanism(s) involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wecker
- Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33613-4706, USA.
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Muhlisin M, Kim DS, Song YR, Kim HR, Kwon HJ, An BK, Kang CW, Kim HK, Lee SK. Comparison of Meat Characteristics between Korean Native Duck and Imported Commercial Duck Raised under Identical Rearing and Feeding Condition. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2013. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2013.33.1.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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29
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Oh ST, Zheng L, Shin YK, An BK, Kang CW. Effects of dietary persimmon peel and its ethanol extract on the production performance and liver lipids in the late stage of egg production in laying hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2013; 26:260-5. [PMID: 25049785 PMCID: PMC4093163 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary effects of persimmon peel (PP) and PP ethanol extract (PPE) on egg production, egg quality, and liver lipids in the late stage of egg production in laying hens. One hundred and twenty 50-wk-old Hy-Line Brown layers (n = 120) were fed different diets. Four replicate groups of 6 hens each were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments. The 5 dietary treatments were as follows: i) CON, basal diet; ii) PP 0.15, CON+0.15% PP (0.035% tannin); iii) PP 0.5, CON +0.5% PP (0.117% tannin); iv) PPE 0.075, CON+0.075% PPE (0.03% tannin); and v) PPE 0.25, CON+0.25% PPE (0.11% tannin). The total tannin concentration of PPE was higher (p<0.05) than that of PP. Egg production in the PP 0.5 group was higher than in the other groups. Egg production and mass of hens in the PPE 0.25 group showed a greater decrease than that in the other groups (p<0.05). Eggshell color in the PP 0.15, PP 0.5, and PPE 0.075 groups was lighter than that of the control group (p<0.05). The Haugh unit for the groups that were fed PP and PPE were significantly higher than that in the other groups after 7 d of storage (p<0.05). Therefore, PP seems an effective feed additive for improving the production performance and egg quality in late stage laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Oh
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - L Zheng
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Y K Shin
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - B K An
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
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Muhlisin M, Kang SM, Choi WH, Kim CJ, An BK, Kang CW, Lee SK. New Approach to Chuncheon Dakgalbi Processing by Various Chicken Materials, Seasoning and Cooking Methods. Korean J Food Sci Anim Resour 2012. [DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2012.32.6.740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Abstract
New conformationally extended dipeptide surrogates based on an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine scaffold are described. Efficient synthesis and incorporation into host peptides affords structures with native side-chain functionality and hydrogen bonding elements on one face of the backbone. Structural analysis by NMR suggests that model peptidomimetics adopt a β-strand-like conformation in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Won Kang
- Drug Discovery Department, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
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Zheng L, Oh ST, Jeon JY, Moon BH, Kwon HS, Lim SU, An BK, Kang CW. The Dietary Effects of Fermented Chlorella vulgaris (CBT(®)) on Production Performance, Liver Lipids and Intestinal Microflora in Laying Hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2012; 25:261-6. [PMID: 25049560 PMCID: PMC4093139 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fermented Chlorella vulgaris CBT® was evaluated for its effects on egg production, egg quality, liver lipids and intestinal microflora in laying hens. One hundred and eight Hy-line Brown layers (n = 108), 80 wk of age, were fed a basal diet supplemented with CBT® at the level of 0, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg, respectively for 42 d. Egg production was measured daily and egg quality was measured every two weeks. Five eggs from each replicate were collected randomly to determine egg quality. Egg production increased linearly with increasing levels of CBT® supplementation (p<0.05), although there was no significant effect of treatment on feed intake. Egg yolk color (p<0.001) and Haugh unit (p<0.01) improved linearly with increasing dietary CBT®. Hepatic triacylglycerol level was linearly decreased with increasing dietary CBT® (p<0.05). The supplemental CBT® resulted in linear (p<0.001) and quadratic (p<0.01) response in population of cecal lactic acid bacteria. In conclusion, fermented Chlorella vulgaris supplemented to laying hen diets improved egg production, egg yolk color, Haugh unit and positively affected the contents of hepatic triacylglycerol and the profiles of cecal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zheng
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
| | - S T Oh
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
| | - J Y Jeon
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
| | - B H Moon
- Celltech, Co., Ltd, Eumseong-gun, Chung buk, 369-841, Korea
| | - H S Kwon
- Ace M&F, Co., Ltd, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-805, Korea
| | - S U Lim
- Ace M&F, Co., Ltd, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-805, Korea
| | - B K An
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- Daesang Corp., Ichon-city, Kyoungki-do, 467-813, Korea
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Lee SY, Kim JS, Kim JM, An BK, Kang CW. Effects of Multiple Enzyme (ROVABIO® Max) Containing Carbohydrolases and Phytase on Growth Performance and Intestinal Viscosity in Broiler Chicks Fed Corn-Wheat-Soybean Meal Based Diets. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2010.90592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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An BK, Kwon HS, Lee BK, Kim JY, You SJ, Kim JM, Kang CW. Effects of Dietary Skullcap (Scutellaria baicalensis) Extract on Laying Performance and Lipid Oxidation of Chicken Eggs. Asian Australas J Anim Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2010.90517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Han HJ, Kang CW, Park SH. TISSUE-SPECIFIC REGULATION OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTORS AND INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEINS IN MALE DIABETIC RATS IN VIVO AND IN VITRO. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2006; 33:1172-9. [PMID: 17184497 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04495.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are associated with the development of diabetes mellitus. The liver, kidney and heart have been implicated as important organs in the onset of diabetes mellitus. However, the effect of diabetes on the IGF system in these organs has not been fully described. Thus, we investigated changes in IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in male steptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, as well as in a high glucose-induced in vitro model. 2. Serum levels of IGF-I were decreased, but the levels of IGF-II were increased, in diabetic rats compared with controls. The expression of IGFBP-3 in the serum was markedly decreased; in contrast, the expression of IGFBP-1 and -2 was increased in diabetic rats. The expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-4 in the liver of the diabetic group was similar to that in the serum of diabetic rats. 3. In heart tissue of the diabetic group, IGF-I levels were decreased, but IGF-II levels were increased. In addition, the expression of IGFBP-3, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 was decreased in diabetic rats. 4. In the kidney of the diabetic group, IGF-I and IGF-II levels were increased. There was only slight expression of IGFBP-3 in the kidney and this was not altered in diabetic rats. Levels of IGFBP-1 and -2 were markedly increased in the kidney of diabetic rats. 5. Insulin treatment recovered the changes in expression of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBPs in the serum, liver, heart and kidney. In the liver, heart and kidney, the expression of the insulin receptor was increased in male diabetic rats. 6. In conclusion, diabetes tissue-specifically alters the IGF system in the liver, heart and kidney in rats; this effect can be recovered by insulin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Jae Han
- Bio-Therapy Human Resources Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
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Abstract
1. Chronic alcohol treatment has been reported to be associated with liver and kidney damage. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) is the major growth factor related to alcohol consumption. However, the effect of alcohol on the IGF system in the liver and kidney has not been fully elucidated. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate this issue. 2. Alcohol reduced the level of IGF-I in a dose-dependent manner in the serum, liver and kidney. Alcohol also decreased the level of IGF-II in the liver. In contrast, alcohol increased the level of IGF-II in the serum and kidney. These observations were correlated with IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA expression in the liver and kidney. 3. To examine the effect of alcohol on IGF receptors in the liver and kidney, IGF-I receptor mRNA was measured. Alcohol decreased IGF-I receptor mRNA in the liver and kidney. 4. In experiments performed to examine the regulation of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP), alcohol increased serum levels of IGFBP-1. However, alcohol had no effect on serum levels of IGFBP-2, -3 and -4. These effects were also observed in the liver and kidney. 5. In conclusion, alcohol alters the IGF system in rat liver and kidney in a tissue-specific manner, which may contribute to the metabolic dysfunction following chronic alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Park
- Biosafety Institute Research Center, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
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Abstract
Imidazoline receptors are divided into I1 and I2 subtypes. I1-imidazoline receptors are distributed in the heart and are upregulated during hypertension or heart failure. The aim of this study was to define the possible role of I1-imidazoline receptors in the regulation of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) release in hypertrophied atria. Experiments were performed on isolated, perfused, hypertrophied atria from remnant-kidney hypertensive rats. The relatively selective I1-imidazoline receptor agonist moxonidine caused a decrease in pulse pressure. Moxonidine (3, 10, and 30 μmol/l) also caused dose-dependent increases in ANP secretion, but clonidine (an α2-adrenoceptor agonist) did not. Pretreatment with efaroxan (a selective I1-imidazoline receptor antagonist) or rauwolscine (a selective α2-adrenoceptor antagonist) inhibited the moxonidine-induced increases in ANP secretion and interstitial ANP concentration and decrease in pulse pressure. However, the antagonistic effect of efaroxan on moxonidine-induced ANP secretion was greater than that of rauwolscine. Neither efaroxan nor rauwolscine alone has any significant effects on ANP secretion and pulse pressure. In hypertrophied atria, the moxonidine-induced increase in ANP secretion and decrease in pulse pressure were markedly augmented compared with nonhypertrophied atria, and the relative change in ANP secretion by moxonidine was positively correlated to atrial hypertrophy. The accentuation by moxonidine of ANP secretion was attenuated by efaroxan but not by rauwolscine. These results show that moxonidine increases ANP release through (preferentially) the activation of atrial I1-imidazoline receptors and also via different mechanisms from clonidine, and this effect is augmented in hypertrophied atria. Therefore, we suggest that cardiac I1-imidazoline receptors play an important role in the regulation of blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Cao
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 561-180, Korea
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Abstract
The synthesis of the terpyridine derivative 1 tethered to a DNA oligonucleotide and its use for the preparation of two-way branched metal-organic modules capable of self-assembling into DNA triangles are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Seok Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
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Yi HK, Hwang PH, Yang DH, Kang CW, Lee DY. Expression of the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and the IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) in human gastric cancer cells. Eur J Cancer 2001; 37:2257-63. [PMID: 11677116 DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(01)00269-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and -II are potent mitogens and postulated to exert autocrine, and paracrine effects on growth regulation in human gastric cancer. Their mitogenic effects are tightly regulated by the IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). In this study, we evaluated the mRNA expression of IGF-I, IGF-II and the IGFBPs in a panel of human gastric cancer cell lines, and normal and tumour tissue specimens from patients with gastric cancer by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and competitive PCR. Conditioned media (CM) of the gastric cancer cell lines were studied for the secretion of the IGFBPs by western ligand blot (WLB) and western immunoblot (WIB). IGF-I and IGF-II were expressed in all of the gastric cancer cell lines, and the normal and tumour tissue specimens. Overexpression of the IGFs, in particular, IGF-II, was observed in the tumour tissues. The expression pattern of IGFBPs was heterogeneous among the gastric cancer cell lines. IGFBP-2 was expressed in all of the gastric cancer cell lines, whereas IGFBP-1 was not detected in any cell lines. IGFBP-4 was expressed in the most of cell lines. IGFBP-3, IGFBP-5 and IGFBP-6 were expressed in approximately 50% of cell lines. In addition, exogenous IGF-I and IGF-II stimulated the proliferation of gastric cancer cells, suggesting the existence of a functional IGF system in gastric cancer. Taken together, our data-suggest that the IGF-IGFBP system may play an important role in the initiation, progression and metastasis of gastric cancer. Further studies are needed to understand the exact role of IGFs and IGFBPs in gastric neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Yi
- Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University, Chonju 561-712, South Korea
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Heo YR, Kang CW, Cha YS. L-Carnitine changes the levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding proteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2001; 47:329-34. [PMID: 11814147 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.47.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of L-carnitine on insulin-like growth factor-I/II (IGF-I/II) and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Each rat in the three L-carnitine-treated groups was injected subcutaneously with L-carnitine, 50 (D50), 100 (D100), or 200 (D200) mg/kg body weight every other day for four weeks, and animals in normal (N) and diabetic (DM) groups received saline by the same method. Diabetic rats had significantly lower carnitine concentrations in serum and liver compared with normal rats. Total carnitine concentrations were increased dose-dependently by carnitine treatment. Total IGF-I in serum from diabetic rats was increased dose-dependently by carnitine treatment, but was statistically significant only in the D200 group. The expression of liver IGF-I mRNA was lower in diabetic rats than in normal rats and increased by L-carnitine treatment. L-Carnitine treatment of diabetic rats had no effect on the levels of IGF-II in serum, liver, and kidney. Although the levels of IGF-II in serum and kidney of diabetic rats were increased in comparison with normal rats, IGF-II mRNA was not expressed in liver. Diabetic rats had markedly lower IGFBP-3 than normal rats did, and IGFBP-3 was increased by L-carnitine treatment. These results demonstrate that L-carnitine treatment of diabetic rats modulates the IGFs/IGFBPs axis. Especially note-worthy is that L-carnitine at a dose of 200 mg/kg/48 h for four weeks was able to restore serum total IGF-I in STZ-induced diabetic rats to nearly normal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y R Heo
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition and Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Chonbuk National University, Chonju, Korea
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41
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Ryu H, Lee MS, Jeong SM, Lee JH, Kang CW, Lee DY, Chung HT. Modulation of neuroendocrinological function by psychosomatic training: acute effect of ChunDoSunBup Qi-training on growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 in men. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2000; 25:439-51. [PMID: 10818279 DOI: 10.1016/s0306-4530(99)00069-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The neuroendocrine system is regarded as the major link between the psychological state and the immune system in man. The present study was undertaken to examine the acute effect of ChunDoSunBup Qi-training, a traditional psychosomatic training, on the plasma level of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and insulin like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 in young men. To characterize the plasma level of hormones and the pattern of IGFBP-3 at pre- (-10 min), mid-time (40 min), and immediately after (post-time, +10 min) Qi-training, radioimmunoassay (RIA) and western ligand blot (WLB) analysis were used. The plasma level of GH at the mid-time was significantly increased (P<0.05) compared to the level at pre-time of Qi-training. The plasma level of IGF-I was also increased at mid-time (P<0.05) and immediately after Qi-training. There was a significant correlation between the levels of GH and IGF-I immediately after Qi-training (r=0.69, P<0.01). In this study, the change of IGFBP-3 among the several IGFBPs was determined. There was a relative shift in IGFBP-3 for the 43-kDa fraction during mid-time of Qi-training (P<0.05). These results suggest that Qi-training influences the growth hormone, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 status via brain-target organ axis in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Ryu
- Department of Immunology and Qi (Bioenergy) Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Chonbuk, South Korea.
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Brown SA, Brown CA, Crowell WA, Barsanti JA, Kang CW, Allen T, Cowell C, Finco DR. Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in early renal insufficiency in dogs. J Lab Clin Med 2000; 135:275-86. [PMID: 10711867 DOI: 10.1067/mlc.2000.105178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) alters the course of experimental kidney disease in dogs. In particular, supplementation with omega-6 PUFAs hastens the decline of kidney function, and omega-3 PUFAs are renoprotective. We investigated the early stages of renal insufficiency to determine whether PUFA supplementation altered the magnitude of hypercholesterolemia or glomerular hemodynamics. Two months after 11/12 nephrectomy, dogs were randomly divided into three groups of 6 animals each. Each group of dogs was then fed a low-fat basal diet supplemented with one of three sources of lipid to achieve a final concentration of 15% added fat. Fat sources were rich in omega-3 PUFAs (menhaden fish oil, group FO), omega-6 PUFAs (safflower oil, group SO), or saturated fatty acids (beef tallow, group C). Early in renal insufficiency, before significant kidney damage, group FO had a lower (P<.05) serum cholesterol concentration and tended to have a lower urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane A2 (TxA2) excretion than group C. In contrast, group SO had a higher mean glomerular capillary pressure (P<.05) and more glomerular enlargement (P<.05) and tended to have higher eicosanoid excretion rates than group C. These differences in lipid metabolism, glomerular hypertension and hypertrophy, and urinary eicosanoid metabolism could explain, in part, the beneficial effects of omega-3 PUFAs and the detrimental effects of omega-6 PUFAs when administered on a long-term basis in this model of renal insufficiency.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cholesterol/blood
- Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/administration & dosage
- Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/toxicity
- Dinoprostone/urine
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dogs
- Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage
- Fatty Acids, Omega-6
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/administration & dosage
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/toxicity
- Female
- Hypercholesterolemia/diet therapy
- Hypercholesterolemia/etiology
- Kidney/pathology
- Kidney/physiopathology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/diet therapy
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/etiology
- Kidney Failure, Chronic/physiopathology
- Male
- Renal Circulation
- Thromboxane A2/urine
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Brown
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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Lee MS, Kang CW, Ryu H, Kim JD, Chung HT. Effects of ChunDoSunBup Qi-training on growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, and testosterone in young and elderly subjects. Am J Chin Med 1999; 27:167-75. [PMID: 10467451 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x99000215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We observed the response of plasma growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and testosterone (T) to an acute period of ChunDoSunBup (CDSB) Qi-training. Although the basal level of GH was not different between the two groups, after the portion of the training in which the subjects were physically active (the mid-training point), plasma GH levels increased by 7.26 fold (p < 0.05) in the elderly trainees and by 1.66 fold (p < 0.05) in the young. In response to CDSB Qi-training, IGF-I levels in the young increased significantly at mid-training point, but there were no increase in the elderly. Significant correlations existed between GH and IGF-I levels in the young subjects, but not in the elderly. The T level at the mid-training point increased significantly in elderly subjects but not in the young. These results suggest that CDSB Qi-training is a potential method for modulating of the secretion of growth factor in the young and the elderly, but that the elderly IGF-I response does not equal that of the young. In addition, our study suggests CDSB Qi-training may be one mode of therapy applicable to growth factor related disorders such as GH deficiency in children and osteoporosis in the elderly, especially women.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Lee
- Department of Qi-Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
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Lee MS, Kang CW, Shin YS, Huh HJ, Ryu H, Park JH, Chung HT. Acute effects of chundosunbup qi-training on blood concentrations of TSH, calcitonin, PTH and thyroid hormones in elderly subjects. Am J Chin Med 1998; 26:275-81. [PMID: 9862015 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x98000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated how the systemic treatment of a programmed exercise, ChunDoSunBup (CDSB) Qi-training, affects the secretion of thyroid and parathyroid hormones in elderly subjects (10 male and 5 female). Plasma concentrations of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), parathyroid hormone (PTH), ionized calcium, and calcitonin were determined. CDSB Qi-training induces a slight increase in TSH. Both T4 and T3 were increased at the mid-time of CDSB Qi-training (p < 0.05). There were significant correlations only between T3 and T4 at mid-training. This shows that increase in the plasma level of T3 was associated with the secretion of T4. The plasma concentrations of calcitonin and PTH were increased at mid-time and post-time of CDSB Qi-training. But ionized calcium was decreased slightly by CDSB Qi-training. These results suggest that Qi-training modulates the secretion of thyroid hormones, calcium metabolism, and parathyroid hormones in the elderly. However, whether the long-term practice of CDSB Qi-training might change bone metabolism and have longitudinal effects on the thyroid hormone of the elderly need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Lee
- Department of Qi-Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
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45
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Lee DY, Yang DH, Kang CW, Kim SJ, Joo CU, Cho SC, Kim JS. Serum insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 in patients with gastric cancer: IGFBP-3 protease activity induced by surgery. J Korean Med Sci 1997; 12:32-9. [PMID: 9142657 PMCID: PMC3054268 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.1997.12.1.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent findings have indicated that insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) may play a role in neoplasia. Alteration of serum IGFs or IGF Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) have been reported in some tumors. In this study, we measured serum IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBPs profile in gastric cancer by radioimmunoassay and Western ligand blots. The serum IGF-I level in gastric cancer was significantly lower than in control subjects (65.2 +/- 26.5 vs 148.4 +/- 55.2 ng/ml, p < 0.01) and was further decreased to 45.5 +/- 20.9 ng/ml after surgery. The serum IGF-II level was slightly higher than that in control subjects (826.3 +/- 360.2 vs 735.7 +/- 154.6 ng/ml) but it was significantly decreased after surgery (525.7 +/- 220.1 ng/ml, p < 0.05). The serum IGFBP-3 level was not significantly different from those in control subjects. However, we observed a decreased level of serum IGFBP-3 after surgery, and incubation of postoperative serum with control serum resulted in a significant reduction of IGFBP-3 level. The reduction of IGFBP-3 in postoperative serum was mainly due to surgery associated IGFBP-3 protease activity. This protease activity was totally inhibited by aprotinin, EDTA and PMSF but not by pepstatin and leupeptin. This inhibition pattern is consistant with cation dependent serine protease. We speculate that proteolysis of IGFBP-3 may contribute to increase the bioavailability of IGFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Lee
- Department of Pediatrics and General Surgery, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonju, Korea
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Abstract
Synthesis and secretion of atrial natriuretic peptides (ANPs) are not confined to the atrium, but are also present in other tissues. Recently, we have found synthesis of ANP in the eggs of several vertebrate animals. The present study was undertaken to determine whether immunoreactive ANP (irANP) is present in the egg of an invertebrate, the silkworm (Bombyx mori L.). The serial dilution curve of egg extracts of silkworm was parallel to the standard curve of atriopeptin III. Analysis of ANP immunoreactivity by gel filtration chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC showed that the major immunoreactivity corresponded to rat proANP. The semipurified irANP of egg extracts produced a dose-dependent relaxation on rat aortic strips, which was blocked by preincubation with anti-ANP antiserum. Therefore, we suggest that ANP is synthesized in the silkworm egg.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Physiology, Jeonbug National University Medical School, Republic of Korea
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Oh SH, Cho KW, Kim SH, Jeong GB, Kang CW, Hwang YH, Seul KH, Cho BH. Identification of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide in the gallbladder and bile juice of rabbit, pig and human. Regul Pept 1994; 49:217-23. [PMID: 8140275 DOI: 10.1016/0167-0115(94)90144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The presence of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (irANP) in rabbit, pig and human gallbladders was investigated using radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry. Serial dilution curves of gallbladder tissue and bile juice extracts were paralleled to the standard curve of atriopeptin III. Gel filtration profiles of gallbladder tissue extracts showed a major peak corresponding to rat pro-ANP. The amounts of irANP in rabbit, pig and human gallbladders were 30.0 +/- 12.3 pg/mg (n = 7), 7.0 +/- 2.0 fg/mg (n = 7) and 17.7 +/- 2.0 fg/mg wet tissue (n = 8), respectively. Bile juice was also shown to contain irANP but with small molecular mass. The amounts of irANP in the rabbit, pig and human bile juice were 25.0 +/- 2.0 (n = 7) and 0.50 +/- 0.02 (n = 7), and 1.3 +/- 0.1 pg/ml (n = 8), respectively. The immunohistochemical staining of the rabbit gallbladder tissue revealed the presence of irANP in the luminal epithelium and smooth muscle layer. The amount of irANP was higher in the luminal epithelium than in the rest of the gallbladder tissue from rabbits (0.30 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.01 +/- 0.01 pg/microgram protein, P < 0.01). These findings suggest that ANP may be synthesized and stored in the gallbladder, and may have a role in the regulation of fluid balance and cystic motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Oh
- Department of Physiology, Jeonbug National University Medical School, Keum-Am-Dong-San, South Korea
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48
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Jang YW, Ihm JK, Kang CS, Kim MO, Kim HK, Kang NW, Oh SW, Kang CW, Shim WB. A Case of Pacemaker Syndrome. Korean Circ J 1994. [DOI: 10.4070/kcj.1994.24.6.916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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49
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Nam SC, Kang CW. Transcription initiation site selection and abortive initiation cycling of phage SP6 RNA polymerase. J Biol Chem 1988; 263:18123-7. [PMID: 3192528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Effects of mutations around the phage SP6 transcription initiation site on SP6 RNA polymerase's selection of initiation site were studied. In the in vitro transcription reactions, the limiting concentration of a ribonucleotide causes the SP6 RNA polymerase to stall long enough only at the positions of the limited nucleotide and dissociate from the elongation complex. As a result, a series of RNA oligomers comprises a sequencing ladder, and abortive initiation cycling products up to 6-mer are made in high yield. Precise sizing of the product RNAs from the elongation pausings determined the initiation site of each mutant. When the wild-type +1 G is changed to C or A without change in the upstream sequence including TATA from -4 to -1, transcription still starts only at the +1 site. But, the mutant containing TATCC from -4 to +1 C. We propose that the phage SP6 RNA polymerase selects the initiation site precisely at a certain distance from a direct contact point in the upstream promoter sequence, regardless of the species of initiating nucleotide. It is also suggested that the sequence-dependent perturbations of DNA helical structure, for example D to B form, may shift the initiation site.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Nam
- Department of Biological Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul
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