1
|
Wang KL, Yeh TY, Hsu PC, Wong TH, Liu JR, Chern JW, Lin MH, Yu CW. Discovery of novel anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) dual inhibitors exhibiting antiproliferative activity against non-small cell lung cancer. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2024; 39:2318645. [PMID: 38465731 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2318645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of novel benzimidazole derivatives were designed and synthesised based on the structures of reported oral available ALK inhibitor and HDAC inhibitor, pracinostat. In enzymatic assays, compound 3b, containing a 2-acyliminobenzimidazole moiety and hydroxamic acid side chain, could inhibit both ALK and HDAC6 (IC50 = 16 nM and 1.03 µM, respectively). Compound 3b also inhibited various ALK mutants known to be involved in crizotinib resistance, including mutant L1196M (IC50, 4.9 nM). Moreover, 3b inhibited the proliferation of several cancer cell lines, including ALK-addicted H2228 cells. To evaluate its potential for treating cancers in vivo, 3b was used in a human A549 xenograft model with BALB/c nude mice. At 20 mg/kg, 3b inhibited tumour growth by 85% yet had a negligible effect on mean body weight. These results suggest a attracting route for the further research and optimisation of dual ALK/HDAC inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Li Wang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Yeh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Hsu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Wong
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Hsia Lin
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ye PC, Leu WJ, Yeh TY, Hsu YT, Lin YC, Wei ZY, Chen YC, Chiang YC, Hsu JL, Chan SH, Hsu LC, Chern JW, Yu CW, Guh JH. A novel HDAC6 inhibitor interferes microtubule dynamics and spindle assembly checkpoint and sensitizes cisplatin-induced apoptosis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate 2024; 84:605-619. [PMID: 38375594 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the most refractory prostate cancer, inevitably progresses and becomes unresponsive to hormone therapy, revealing a pressing unmet need for this disease. Novel agents targeting HDAC6 and microtubule dynamics can be a potential anti-CRPC strategy. METHODS Cell proliferation was examined in CRPC PC-3 and DU-145 cells using sulforhodamine B assay and anchorage-dependent colony formation assay. Flow cytometric analysis of propidium iodide staining was used to determine cell-cycle progression. Cell-based tubulin polymerization assay and confocal immunofluorescence microscopic examination determine microtubule assembly/disassembly status. Protein expressions were determined using Western blot analysis. RESULTS A total of 82 novel derivatives targeting HDAC6 were designed and synthesized, and Compound 25202 stood out, showing the highest efficacy in blocking HDAC6 (IC50, 3.5 nM in enzyme assay; IC50, 1.0 μM in antiproliferative assay in CRPC cells), superior to tubastatin A (IC50, 5.4 μM in antiproliferative assay). The selectivity and superiority of 25202 were validated by examining the acetylation of both α-tubulin and histone H3, detecting cell apoptosis and HDACs enzyme activity assessment. Notably, 25202 but not tubastatin A significantly decreased HDAC6 protein expression. 25202 prolonged mitotic arrest through the detection of cyclin B1 upregulation, Cdk1 activation, mitotic phosphoprotein levels, and Bcl-2 phosphorylation. Compound 25202 did not mimic docetaxel in inducing tubulin polymerization but disrupted microtubule organization. Compound 25202 also increased the phosphorylation of CDC20, BUB1, and BUBR1, indicating the activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). Moreover, 25202 profoundly sensitized cisplatin-induced cell death through impairment of cisplatin-evoked DNA damage response and DNA repair in both ATR-Chk1 and ATM-Chk2 pathways. CONCLUSION The data suggest that 25202 is a novel selective and potent HDAC6 inhibitor. Compound 25202 blocks HDAC6 activity and interferes microtubule dynamics, leading to SAC activation and mitotic arrest prolongation that eventually cause apoptosis of CRPC cells. Furthermore, 25202 sensitizes cisplatin-induced cell apoptosis through impeding DNA damage repair pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chen Ye
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wohn-Jenn Leu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Yeh
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tung Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Lin
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Yuan Wei
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chang Chiang
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ling Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Guishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - She-Hung Chan
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Providence University, Taiwan Boulevard, Shalu, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Ching Hsu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jih-Hwa Guh
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Zhongzheng, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pan Z, Shao M, Zhao C, Yang X, Li H, Cui G, Liang X, Yu CW, Ye Q, Gao C, Di L, Chern JW, Zhou H, Lee SMY. J24335 exerts neuroprotective effects against 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesions in PC12 cells and mice. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 194:106696. [PMID: 38199443 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disease and disrupts the lives of people aged >60 years. Meanwhile, single-target drugs becoming inapplicable as PD pathogenesis diversifies. Mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity have been shown to be relevant to the pathogenesis of PD. The novel synthetic compound J24335 (11-Hydroxy-1-(8-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-2-yl)undecan-1-one oxime), which has been researched similarly to J2326, has the potential to be a multi-targeted drug and alleviate these lesions. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism of action and potential neuroprotective function of J24335 against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity in mice, and in PC12 cell models. The key target of action of J24335 was also screened. MTT assay, LDH assay, flow cytometry, RT-PCR, LC-MS, OCR and ECAR detection, and Western Blot analysis were performed to characterize the neuroprotective effects of J24335 on PC12 cells and its potential mechanism. Behavioral tests and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate behavioral changes and brain lesions in mice. Moreover, bioinformatics was employed to assess the drug-likeness of J24335 and screen its potential targets. J24335 attenuated the degradation of mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced glucose metabolism and mitochondrial biosynthesis to ameliorate 6-OHDA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Animal behavioral tests demonstrated that J24335 markedly improved motor function and loss of TH-positive neurons and dopaminergic nerve fibers, and contributed to an increase in the levels of dopamine and its metabolites in brain tissue. The activation of both the CREB/PGC-1α/NRF-1/TFAM and PKA/Akt/GSK-3β pathways was a major contributor to the neuroprotective effects of J24335. Furthermore, bioinformatics predictions revealed that J24335 is a low toxicity and highly BBB permeable compound targeting 8 key genes (SRC, EGFR, ERBB2, SYK, MAPK14, LYN, NTRK1 and PTPN1). Molecular docking suggested a strong and stable binding between J24335 and the 8 core targets. Taken together, our results indicated that J24335, as a multi-targeted neuroprotective agent with promising therapeutic potential for PD, could protect against 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity via two potential pathways in mice and PC12 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Pan
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Min Shao
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Xuanjun Yang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Guozhen Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaonan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan, China
| | - Qingqing Ye
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan, China
| | - Cheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Lijun Di
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan, China
| | - Hefeng Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China.
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang J, Yu CW, Wang M, Wan KX, Yang J, Yuan ZJ, Liao ZH, Wang DJ. [Clinical phenotypic and genotypic analysis of 5 pediatric patients with β-ketothiolase deficiency]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2024; 62:66-70. [PMID: 38154980 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20230803-00071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the clinical and genetic characteristics of children with β-ketothiolase deficiency (BKTD). Methods: The clinical characteristics, biochemical, markers detected by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), as well as the variants in ACAT1 gene among 5 children with BKTD in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between October 2018 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The onset age of the disease in 5 patients (4 males and 1 female) ranged from 9.7 to 28.0 months. During the acute phase, severe metabolic acidosis was observed with a pH of 6.9-7.1, as well as hypoglycaemia (2.3-3.4 mmol/L) and positive urinary ketone bodies (+-++++). Blood levels of methylcrotonyl carnitine, methylmalonyl carnitine and malonyl carnitine were 0.03-0.42, 0.34-1.43 and 0.83-3.53 μmol/L respectively and were significantly elevated. Urinary 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid was 22-202 and 3-hydroxybutyric acid was 4-6 066, both were higher than the normal levels. Methylcrotonylglycine was mild elevated (0-29). The metabolites detected by MS/MS and GC/MS were significantly reduced after treatment. Analysis of ACAT1 gene mutation was performed in 5 children. Most variants were missense (8/9). Four previously unreported variants were identified: c.678G>T (p.Trp226Cys), c.302A>G (p.Gln101Arg), c.627_629dupTGA (p.Asn209_Glu210insAsp) and c.316C>T (p.Gln106Ter), the first 2 variants were predicted to be damaging by SIFT, PolyPhen-2 and Mutation Taster software. c.316C>T (p.Gln106Ter) is a nonsense variant. Conclusions: β-ketothiolase deficiency is relatively rare, lacks specific clinical manifestations, however severe metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, and ketosis during the acute onset were consistent findings. Missense mutations in the ACAT1 gene are common genetic causes of β-ketothiolase deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Center of Clinical Molecular Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - C W Yu
- Center of Clinical Molecular Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - M Wang
- Center of Clinical Molecular Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - K X Wan
- Center of Clinical Molecular Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - J Yang
- Center of Clinical Molecular Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Z J Yuan
- Center of Clinical Molecular Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Z H Liao
- Center of Clinical Molecular Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - D J Wang
- Center of Clinical Molecular Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of Ministry of Education, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pan Z, Yu CW, Zhao C, Shao M, Yang X, Liang X, Li H, Lu Y, Ye Q, Chern JW, Lu J, Zhou H, Lee SMY. Antagonizing pathological α-synuclein-mediated neurodegeneration by J24335 via the activation of immunoproteasome. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 480:116745. [PMID: 37931757 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of misfolded proteins, such as α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease (PD), occurs intracellularly or extracellularly in the majority of neurodegenerative diseases. The immunoproteasome has more potent chymotrypsin-like activity than normal proteasome. Thus, degradation of α-synuclein aggregation via immunoproteasome is an attractive approach for PD drug development. Herein, we aimed to determine if novel compound, 11-Hydroxy-1-(8-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-2-yl)undecan-1-one oxime (named as J24335), is a promising candidate for disease-modifying therapy to prevent the pathological progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as PD. The effects of J24335 on inducible PC12/A53T-α-syn cell viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated by MTT assay and LDH assay, respectively. Evaluation of various proteasome activities was done by measuring the luminescence of enzymatic activity after the addition of different amounts of aminoluciferin. Immunoblotting and real-time PCR were employed to detect the expression of various proteins and genes, respectively. We also used a transgenic mouse model for behavioral testing and immunochemical analysis, to assess the neuroprotective effects of J24335. J24335 inhibited wild-type and mutant α-synuclein aggregation without affecting the growth or death of neuronal cells. The inhibition of α-synuclein aggregation by J24335 was caused by activation of immunoproteasome, as mediated by upregulation of LMP7, and increased cellular chymotrypsin-like activity in 20S proteasome. J24335-enhanced immunoproteasome activity was mediated by PKA/Akt/mTOR pathway activation. Moreover, animal studies revealed that J24335 treatment markedly mitigated both the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive (TH-) neurons and impaired motor skill development. This is the first report to use J24335 as an immunoproteasome enhancing agent to antagonize pathological α-synuclein-mediated neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Pan
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Min Shao
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuanjun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Biology, South University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaonan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Yucong Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingqing Ye
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan, China
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan, China
| | - Jiahong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Hefeng Zhou
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu WC, Yeh TY, Ye CH, Chong PCT, Ho YH, So DK, Yap KY, Peng GR, Shao CH, Jagtap AD, Chern JW, Lin CS, Lin SP, Lin SL, Yu SH, Yu CW. Discovery of HDAC6, HDAC8, and 6/8 Inhibitors and Development of Cell-Based Drug Screening Models for the Treatment of TGF-β-Induced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Med Chem 2023; 66:10528-10557. [PMID: 37463500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is incurable, and its progression is difficult to control and thus can lead to pulmonary deterioration. Pan-histone deacetylase inhibitors such as SAHA have shown potential for modulating pulmonary fibrosis yet with off-target effects. Therefore, selective HDAC inhibitors would be beneficial for reducing side effects. Toward this goal, we designed and synthesized 24 novel HDAC6, HDAC8, or dual HDAC6/8 inhibitors and established a two-stage screening platform to rapidly screen for HDAC inhibitors that effectively mitigate TGF-β-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The first stage consisted of a mouse NIH-3T3 fibroblast prescreen and yielded five hits. In the second stage, human pulmonary fibroblasts (HPFs) were used, and four out of the five hits were tested for caco-2 permeability and liver microsome stability to give two potential leads: J27644 (15) and 20. This novel two-stage screen platform will accelerate the discovery and reduce the cost of developing HDAC inhibitors to mitigate TGF-β-induced pulmonary fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Yeh
- National Taiwan University, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Ye
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | | | - Yi-Hsun Ho
- National Taiwan University, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Dorothy Kazuno So
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Kah Yi Yap
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ru Peng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsuan Shao
- National Taiwan University, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ajit Dhananjay Jagtap
- National Taiwan University, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- National Taiwan University, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Si Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ping Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Center of Systems Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- The Research Center of Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shuei-Liong Lin
- Graduate Institute of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Integrated Diagnostics & Therapeutics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Han Yu
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- National Taiwan University, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang M, Wang DJ, Shu Y, Zhu D, Yu CW, He XY, Zou L. [ BCS1Neonatal growth retardation and lactic acidosis initiated by novel mutation sites in L gene]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 57:912-917. [PMID: 37357212 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20220610-00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the clinical characteristics and genetic variations of two cases with developmental delay and lactic acidosis in a family, and to explore the relationship between genetic variations and clinical features. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics of two siblings with developmental delay and lactic acidosis who were treated at the Neonatal Department of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in May 2019 and December 2021, respectively. Whole-exome sequencing was used to detect genetic variations in the affected children. Homology modeling of the BCS1L protein was performed to analyze the structural and functional changes of the protein. The correlation between genetic variations and clinical phenotypes was analyzed. The results showed that the main clinical features of the two affected children in this family were manifestations of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ⅲ deficiency, including prematurity, developmental delay, respiratory failure, lactic acidosis, cholestasis, liver dysfunction, renal tubular lesions, coagulation dysfunction, anemia, hypoglycemia, hypotonia, and early death. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a novel deletion mutation c.486_488delGGA (p.E163del) and a novel missense mutation c.992C>T (p.T331I) in the BCS1L gene. Structural analysis of the homology modeling showed that the compound heterozygous mutation had a significant impact on protein function. In conclusion, the novel mutation site c.992C>T (p.T331I) in the BCS1L gene is a "likely pathogenic" mutation, and the compound heterozygous mutation is closely related to the phenotype of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex Ⅲ deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Wang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - D J Wang
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Y Shu
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - D Zhu
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - C W Yu
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - X Y He
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - L Zou
- Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine of Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China Clinical Research Unit of Children's Hospital in Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity, and Critical Care Medicine,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim JH, Franchin L, Hong SJ, Cha JJ, Lim S, Joo HJ, Park JH, Yu CW, Ahn TH, Lim DS, Dascenzo F. The long-term cardiac events after coronary bifurcation stenting with second-generation drug-eluting stents in elderly patients are comparable to those of younger patients. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) generally have a high risk of adverse clinical outcomes. We investigated the long-term clinical impact of PCI on coronary bifurcation disease in elderly patients in Korea and Italy.
Methods
From the BIFURCAT (comBined Insights from the Unified RAIN and COBIS bifurcAtion regisTries) data, we evaluated 5,537 patients who underwent PCI for coronary bifurcation disease. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), defined as the composite of target vessel myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularisation, and stent thrombosis. Kaplan–Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare elderly patients (aged ≥75 years) and younger patients (aged <75 years).
Results
A total of 1,415 patients (26%) were aged ≥75 years. Elderly patients were more frequently female, had higher rates of hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD), and presented more frequently with left main (LM) disease. After a median follow-up of 2.1 years, MACEs were comparable between elderly and younger patients. In multivariable analysis, old age was not an independent predictor of MACEs (p=0.977). In elderly patients, CKD and LM disease were independent predictors of MACEs, whereas in younger patients, hypertension, diabetes, CKD, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, LM disease, and two-stent strategy usage were independent predictors.
Conclusions
Elderly patients who underwent coronary bifurcation PCI with second-generation drug-eluting stents demonstrated similar clinical outcomes to those of younger patients. Both CKD and LM disease were independent predictors of MACEs, regardless of age after coronary bifurcation PCI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - L Franchin
- University of Turin, Cardiovascular and Thoracic , Turin , Italy
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J J Cha
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Joo
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T H Ahn
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - F Dascenzo
- University of Turin, Cardiovascular and Thoracic , Turin , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lim S, Yu CW, Kim JH, Cha JJ, Kook HD, Joo HJ, Park JH, Choi CU, Hong SJ, Lim DS. The differential effects of antihypertensive drugs on central blood pressure: nebivolol versus telmisartan (ATD-CBP). Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.2207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Central blood pressure and central pulse pressure have a better correlation with the risk of cardiovascular disease compared to those of peripheral measurement. In a previous study, a second-generation beta-blocker showed poor CBP-lowering effects. However, the effect on CBP by third-generation beta-blockers is not fully elucidated. Thus, this randomised study investigated whether nebivolol-based hypertension treatment may confer advantages over telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor-blocker, in reducing CBP.
Methods
This was a prospective, randomised, multicentre, open-label, controlled trial that evaluated 98 hypertensive patients. Patients received either nebivolol- (N=49) or telmisartan-based (N=49) treatment for hypertension for 12 weeks with a target BP of ≤140/80. The primary outcome was the difference in change from baseline central systolic BP (cSBP) after 12 weeks.
Results
There were no significant differences between the two groups in baseline central and peripheral SBP. The mean change in cSBP from baseline (ΔcSBP) was −17.2±3 mmHg for nebivolol group (P<0.001) and −29.9±3 mmHg for telmisartan group (P<0.001). The difference in ΔcSBP between the two groups was significant (12.7mmHg, 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.13 to 21.2; P=0.004). Peripheral SBP (pSBP) decreased less in nebivolol group compared to telmisartan group (−18.0±3 in nebivolol group vs. −26.3±3 in telmisartan group, P=0.032). After adjusting for reduction in pSBP, reduction in cSBP was higher in telmisartan group compared to nebivolol group, as shown by the ratio of changes in cSBP and pSBP (ΔcSBP/ΔpSBP; 0.67 for nebivolol group vs. 1.11 for telmisartan group, P=0.080), albeit without statistical significance.
Conclusions
Nebivolol-based hypertension treatment may have less potent CBP-lowering effects compared to telmisartan. However, larger-scale studies are warranted to further elaborate our findings.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J J Cha
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H D Kook
- Hanyang university medical center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Joo
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C U Choi
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Choi SH, Park SD, Lee MJ, Ko YG, Yu CW, Chun WJ, Jang WJ, Kim HJ, Bae JW, Kwon SU, Kim JS, Lee WS, Jeong JO, Lim SH, Yang JH. Prognostic impact of plasma glucose on cardiogenic shock patients with or without diabetes ellitus: smart rescue trial. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Even though the presence of hyperglycemia has shown to affect the clinical outcome of cardiogenic shock patients, the extent of hyperglycemia and its association with prognosis have not been fully addressed in large population
Purpose
Investigate the clinical relationship between hyperglycemic status and in-hospital mortality in cardiogenic shock patients
Method
A total of 1,177 consecutive cardiogenic shock patients were enrolled from January 2014 to December of 2018 at 12 hospitals in South Korea. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Patients were divided into four groups according to their initial plasma glucose level in each of diabetes patients (n=752) and non-diabetes patients (n=425); group 1 (≤8 mmol/L), group 2 (8–12 mmol/L), group 3 (12–16 mmol/L) and group 4 (≥16 mmol/L).
Results
The groups with higher admission plasma glucose were associated with lower systolic blood pressure and higher lactic acid level in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients. In-hospital mortality increased in groups with higher admission plasma glucose level in non-diabetic patients (group-1:24.2%, group-2: 28.6%, group-3: 38.1%, group-4: 49.0%, p<0.01) whereas in diabetic patients, mortality and admission plasma glucose level showed no significant association (group-1: 45%, group-2: 35.4%, group-3: 33.3%, group-4: 43.1%, p=0.26). Even after Multivariate analysis, high plasma glucose was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in non-diabetic patients
Conclusion
In cardiogenic shock patients, plasma glucose obtained at admission was associated with in-hospital mortality in non-diabetic patients
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Private hospital(s). Main funding source(s): Inha University hospital
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S H Choi
- Inha University Hospital, Cardiology , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S D Park
- Inha University Hospital, Cardiology , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M J Lee
- Inha University Hospital, Cardiology , Incheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y G Ko
- Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - W J Chun
- Samsung Changwon Hospital, Cardiology , Changwon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - W J Jang
- Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Kim
- Konkuk University Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J W Bae
- Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cardiology , Cheongju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S U Kwon
- Inje University Ilsan Paik hospital, Cardiology , Goyang , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J S Kim
- Sejong General Hospital, Cardiology , Bucheon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - W S Lee
- Chung-Ang University Hospital, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J O Jeong
- Chungnam National University hospital , Daejeon , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S H Lim
- Dankook University, Cardiology , Cheonan-si , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Yang
- Samsung Medical Center, Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bae SA, Cha JJ, Kim SW, Lim S, Kim JH, Joo HJ, Park JH, Park SM, Hong SJ, Yu CW, Lim DS, Jeong MH, Ahn TH. Effect of an early invasive strategy based on time of symptom onset in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
A limitation of the current guidelines of the timing of invasive coronary angiography (ICA) for patients with non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE) acute coronary syndrome is based on randomization time. So far, no study has reported the clinical outcomes of invasive strategy timing based on the time of symptom onset. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effect of invasive strategy timing from the time of symptom onset on the 3-year clinical outcomes of patients with NSTE myocardial infarction (MI).
Methods and results
Among 13,104 patients from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry-National Institutes of Health, we evaluated 5,856 patients with NSTEMI. The patients were categorized according to symptom-to-catheter (StC) time (<48 h and ≥48 h). The primary outcome was 3-year all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was a 3-year composite of all-cause mortality, recurrent MI, and hospitalization for heart failure. Overall, 3,919 (66.9%) patients were classified into the StC time <48 h group. This group had lower all-cause mortality than the StC time ≥48 h group (7.3% vs. 13.4%, p<0.001). The continuous association of StC time and risk of primary and secondary endpoints showed shorter StC time (reference: 48 h), and lower adjusted hazard ratio reduction was observed. In multivariable analysis, independent predictors of delayed ICA were older age, non-specific symptoms, no use of emergency medical services, no ST-segment deviation, chronic kidney disease, and Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events score >140.
Conclusion
Early invasive strategy based on the StC time improves all-cause mortality in patients with NSTEMI.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Bae
- Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine , Yongin , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J J Cha
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S W Kim
- Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Gwangmyeong , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Kim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Joo
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S M Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - D S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - M H Jeong
- Chonnam National University Medical School, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine , Gwangju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T H Ahn
- Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Department of Cardiology , Gwangmyeong , Korea (Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kwon W, Yang JH, Lee SH, Choi KH, Park TK, Lee JM, Song YB, Hahn JY, Choi SH, Ahn CM, Ko YG, Yu CW, Jang WJ, Kim HJ, Kwon SU. Impact of obesity paradox between genders on in-hospital mortality in cardiogenic shock: a retrospective cohort study. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.1497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In a few studies, obesity was associated with better outcomes in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Although this phenomenon, the “obesity paradox”, reportedly manifests differently based on sex in other disease entities, it has not yet been investigated in CS patients.
Methods and results
1,227 patients with CS from The REtrospective and prospective observational Study to investigate Clinical oUtcomes and Efficacy of left ventricular assist device for Korean patients with cardiogenic shock (RESCUE) registry in Korea were analyzed. The study population was classified into obese and non-obese groups according to Asian-Pacific criteria (BMI >25.0 kg/m2 for obese). Clinical impact of obesity on in-hospital mortality according to sex was analyzed using logistic regression analysis and restricted cubic spline curves. In-hospital mortality rate was significantly lower in obese men than non-obese men (34.2% vs. 24.1%, p=0.004) while the difference was not significant in women (37.3% vs. 35.8%, p=0.884). As a continuous variable, higher BMI showed a protective effect in men conversely, BMI was not associated with clinical outcomes in women. Comparing to normal-weight patients, obesity was associated with a decreased risk of in-hospital death in men (multivariable-adjusted OR 0.63, CI 0.43–0.92, p=0.016), not in women (multivariable-adjusted OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.55–1.61, p=0.828). Interaction P value for the association between BMI and sex was 0.023.
Conclusions
Obesity paradox exists and apparently occurs in men among CS patients. The differential effect of BMI on in-hospital mortality was observed according to sex.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Kwon
- Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J H Yang
- Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S H Lee
- Chonnam National University Hospital , Gwangju , Korea (Republic of)
| | - K H Choi
- Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - T K Park
- Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J M Lee
- Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y B Song
- Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Y Hahn
- Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S H Choi
- Samsung Medical Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C M Ahn
- Yonsei Cardiovascular Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - Y G Ko
- Yonsei Cardiovascular Center , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - W J Jang
- Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - H J Kim
- Konkuk University Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| | - S U Kwon
- Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital , Seoul , Korea (Republic of)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu JR, Yu CW, Hung PY, Hsin LW, Chern JW. High-selective HDAC6 inhibitor promotes HDAC6 degradation following autophagy modulation and enhanced antitumor immunity in glioblastoma. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:458-471. [PMID: 30885763 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most fatal type of primary brain cancer, and current treatments for glioblastoma are insufficient. HDAC6 is overexpressed in glioblastoma, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of HDAC6 inhibits glioma cell proliferation. Herein, we report a high-selective HDAC6 inhibitor, J22352, which has PROTAC (proteolysis-targeting chimeras)-like property resulted in both p62 accumulation and proteasomal degradation, leading to proteolysis of aberrantly overexpressed HDAC6 in glioblastoma. The consequences of decreased HDAC6 expression in response to J22352 decreased cell migration, increased autophagic cancer cell death and significant tumor growth inhibition. Notably, J22352 reduced the immunosuppressive activity of PD-L1, leading to the restoration of host anti-tumor activity. These results demonstrate that J22352 promotes HDAC6 degradation and induces anticancer effects by inhibiting autophagy and eliciting the antitumor immune response in glioblastoma. Therefore, this highly selective HDAC6 inhibitor can be considered a potential therapeutic for the treatment of glioblastoma and other cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; AnnJi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. No. 18, Siyuan St., Taipei 10087, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Yun Hung
- AnnJi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. No. 18, Siyuan St., Taipei 10087, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ling-Wei Hsin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC; Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery, National Taiwan University, No. 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yu CW, Hung PY, Yang HT, Ho YH, Lai HY, Cheng YS, Chern JW. Quinazolin-2,4-dione-Based Hydroxamic Acids as Selective Histone Deacetylase-6 Inhibitors for Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Med Chem 2018; 62:857-874. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wu Yu
- AnnJi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 18, Siyuan Street, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yun Hung
- AnnJi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 18, Siyuan Street, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ting Yang
- AnnJi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 18, Siyuan Street, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsun Ho
- AnnJi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 18, Siyuan Street, Taipei 10087, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Yi Lai
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Plant Biology, and Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sheng Cheng
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Plant Biology, and Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Siriboon C, Li TS, Yu CW, Chern JW, Ju JC. Novel histone deacetylase inhibitors and embryo aggregation enhance cloned embryo development and ES cell derivation in pigs. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204588. [PMID: 30261020 PMCID: PMC6160101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) has been investigated for treating cancers and many other diseases as well as enhancing the reprogramming efficiency in cloned embryos for decades. In the present study, we investigated the effects of two novel HDAC inhibitors, i.e., HDACi-14 and -79, at the concentrations of 0, 1, 2, or 4 μM on the development of embryos cloned by the oocyte bisection cloning technique (OBCT). Blastocyst rates for the reconstructed embryos reached 60% in the 2 μM HDACi-14-treated groups, which was higher (P < 0.05) compared to the untreated group (36.9%). Similarly, HDACi-79 treatment at 2 and 4 μM also conferred higher (P < 0.05) blastocyst rates than that of the untreated group (79.4, 74.2, and 50.0%, respectively). Both HDACi-14 and -79 treatments had no beneficial effect on total cell numbers and apoptotic indices of cloned embryos (P > 0.05). Histone acetylation profile by both HDACi-14 (2 μM) and -79 (2 μM) treatments demonstrated a drastic increase (P < 0.05) mainly in two-cell stage embryos when compared to the control group. After seeding on the feeder cells, the aggregated cloned blastocysts produced by the HDACi-79 treatment showed a significant increase of primary outgrowths compared to the control group (60.0% vs. 42.9%; P < 0.05). Finally, the cloned embryo-derived ES cell lines from aggregated cloned embryos produced from the HDACi-79-treated, HDACi-14-treated and control groups were established (5, 3, and 2 lines, respectively). In conclusion, the novel histone deacetylation inhibitors improve blastocyst formation and potentially increase the derivation efficiency of ES cell lines from the cloned porcine embryos produced in vitro. Depending on the purposes, some fine-tuning may be required to maximize its beneficial effects of these newly synthesized chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chawalit Siriboon
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Tzai-Shiuan Li
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cherng Ju
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kook H, Yu CW, Jeong HS, Jang DH, Lee SH, Joo HJ, Park JH, Hong SJ, Lim DS, Shim WJ, Kim JS, Lee HJ, Kang WC. P1668Comparison of clinical outcomes between left atrial appendage occlusion with dual antiplatelet therapy versus conventional antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy565.p1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Kook
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H S Jeong
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - D H Jang
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S H Lee
- Sejong General Hospital, Cardiology, Bucheon, Korea Republic of
| | - H J Joo
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - D S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - W J Shim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J S Kim
- Severance Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H J Lee
- Sejong General Hospital, Cardiology, Bucheon, Korea Republic of
| | - W C Kang
- Gil Hospital, Cardiology, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Song PS, Jeon KH, Lee HJ, Yu CW. P4575Utility of post-procedural anticoagulation after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI: cardiac magnetic resonance and 2D-echocardiographic findings. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P S Song
- Mediplex Sejong General Hospital, Incheon, Division of Cardiology, Heart Stroke Vascular Center, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| | - K H Jeon
- Mediplex Sejong General Hospital, Incheon, Division of Cardiology, Heart Stroke Vascular Center, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| | - H J Lee
- Sejong General Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon, Korea Republic of
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee SH, Jang DH, Jung HS, Kook HD, Joo HJ, Park JH, Hong SJ, Lim DS, Shim WJ, Yu CW. P6387A comparison of procedural and short-term clinical outcomes of left atrial appendage occlusion between amplatzer cardiac plug and watchman device in the early learning periods. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p6387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S H Lee
- Mediplex Sejong Hospital, Cardiology, Incheon, Korea Republic of
| | - D H Jang
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H S Jung
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H D Kook
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - H J Joo
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - J H Park
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - S J Hong
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - D S Lim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - W J Shim
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| | - C W Yu
- Korea University Anam Hospital, Cardiology, Seoul, Korea Republic of
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hui LL, Lee SL, Kwok MK, Yu CW, Schooling CM. Formula-feeding and the risk of type-2 diabetes mellitus among Hong Kong adolescents. Hong Kong Med J 2018; 24 Suppl 4:20-23. [PMID: 30135270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L L Hui
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - S L Lee
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - M K Kwok
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - C W Yu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong
| | - C M Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
- CUNY School of Public Health and Hunter College, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ho YH, Wang KJ, Hung PY, Cheng YS, Liu JR, Fung ST, Liang PH, Chern JW, Yu CW. A highly HDAC6-selective inhibitor acts as a fluorescent probe. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:7820-7832. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00966j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
HDAC6 receives great attention because of its therapeutic potential for the treatment of various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsun Ho
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Kuang-Jui Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | | | - Yi-Sheng Cheng
- Institute of Plant Biology
- College of Life Science
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 106
- Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rong Liu
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Sheang-Tze Fung
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Pi-Hui Liang
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| | - Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy
- College of Medicine
- and Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 100
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chan CW, Yu CW, Lin CC, Lee CH. Hepatic Portal Venous Gas in a Patient with Penetrating Injuries. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791302000608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) refers to the branching area of low attenuation extending to within 2 cm of the liver capsule in computed tomography scan. The most common causes of HPVG are mesenteric ischaemia in adults and necrotising enterocolitis in infants. HPVG in trauma patients is mostly reported in cases of blunt abdominal trauma. We present a deceased patient who had chest and abdominal wall penetrating injuries with concomitant hypovolemic shock. A computed tomography scan revealed HPVG and pulmonary artery air emboli. The mechanism of the presentation of HPVG in this patient and the possible cause of death would be discussed. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2013;20:382-384)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- CW Chan
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - CW Yu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - CC Lin
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - CH Lee
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine, Keelung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chang PT, Talekar RS, Kung FL, Chern TR, Huang CW, Ye QQ, Yang MY, Yu CW, Lai SY, Deore RR, Lin JH, Chen CS, Chen GS, Chern JW. A newly designed molecule J2326 for Alzheimer's disease disaggregates amyloid fibrils and induces neurite outgrowth. Neuropharmacology 2015; 92:146-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
23
|
Yu CW, Chang PT, Hsin LW, Chern JW. Quinazolin-4-one derivatives as selective histone deacetylase-6 inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Med Chem 2013; 56:6775-91. [PMID: 23905680 DOI: 10.1021/jm400564j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Novel quinazolin-4-one derivatives containing a hydroxamic acid moiety were designed and synthesized. All compounds were subjected to histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymatic assays to identify selective HDAC6 inhibitors with nanomolar IC50 values. (E)-3-(2-Ethyl-7-fluoro-4-oxo-3-phenethyl-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-6-yl)-N-hydroxyacrylamide, 4b, is the most potent HDAC6 inhibitor (IC50, 8 nM). In vitro, these compounds induced neurite outgrowth accompanied by growth-associated protein 43 expression, and they enhanced the synaptic activities of PC12 and SH-SY5Y neuronal cells without producing toxic or mitogenic effects. Several of the compounds dramatically increased nonhistone protein acetylation, specifically of α-tubulin. Some of the more potent HDAC6 inhibitors decreased zinc-mediated β-amyloid aggregation in vitro. N-Hydroxy-3-(2-methyl-4-oxo-3-phenethyl-3,4-dihydro-quinazolin-7-yl)-acrylamide, 3f, the most promising drug candidate, selectively inhibits HDAC6 (IC50, 29 nM), practically does not affect human ether-a-go-go-related membrane channel activity (IC50 >10 μM) or cytochrome P450 activity (IC50 >6.5 μM) in vitro, and significantly improves learning-based performances of mice with β-amyloid-induced hippocampal lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, ‡Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, and §Center for Innovative Therapeutics Discovery, National Taiwan University , 33, LinSen South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yu CW, Chen GS, Huang CW, Chern JW. Efficient Microwave-Assisted Pd-Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Aryl Chlorides in the Presence of Carbonate. Org Lett 2012; 14:3688-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol301523q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wu Yu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China, Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China, and Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Grace S. Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China, Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China, and Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chen-Wei Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China, Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China, and Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ji-Wang Chern
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China, Department of Applied Chemistry, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan, Republic of China, and Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen BB, Shih TTF, Hsu CY, Yu CW, Wei SY, Chen CY, Wu CH, Chen CY. Thigh muscle volume predicted by anthropometric measurements and correlated with physical function in the older adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2011; 15:433-8. [PMID: 21623463 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-010-0281-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) to correlate thigh muscle volume measured by magnetic resonance image (MRI) with anthropometric measurements and physical function in elderly subjects; (2) to predict MRI-measured thigh muscle volume using anthropometric measurements and physical functional status in elderly subjects. DESIGN Cross-sectional, nonrandomized study. SETTING Outpatient clinic in Taiwan. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-nine elderly subjects (33 men and 36 women) aged 65 and older. MEASURMENTS The anthropometric data (including body height, body weight, waist size, and thigh circumference), physical activity and function (including grip strength, bilateral quadriceps muscle power, the up and go test, chair rise, and five meters walk time) and bioelectrical impedance analysis data (including total body fat mass, fat-free mass, and predictive muscle size) were measured. MRI-measured muscle volume of both thighs was used as the reference standard. RESULTS The MRI-measured thigh volume was positively correlated with all anthropometric data, quadriceps muscle power and the up and go test as well as fat-free mass and predictive muscle mass, whereas it was negatively associated with age and walk time. In predicting thigh muscle volume, the variables of age, gender, body weight, and thigh circumference were significant predictors in the linear regression model: Muscle volume (cm3) =4226.3-42.5 × Age (year)-955.7 × gender (male=1, female=2) + 45.9 × body weight(kg) + 60.0 × thigh circumference (cm) (r2 = 0.745, P < 0.001; standard error of the estimate = 581.6 cm3). CONCLUSION The current work provides evidence of a strong relationship between thigh muscle volume and physical function in the elderly. We also developed a prediction equation model using anthropometric measurements. This model is a simple and noninvasive method for everyday clinical practice and follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B B Chen
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of medicine, Yun-Lin Branch
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hsu CY, Yu CW, Wu MZ, Chen BB, Huang KM, Shih TTF. Unusual manifestations of vertebral osteomyelitis: intraosseous lesions mimicking metastases. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 29:1104-10. [PMID: 18356469 PMCID: PMC8118844 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/28/2007] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Vertebral osteomyelitis can have different imaging manifestations. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the unusual MR imaging patterns of vertebral osteomyelitis with intraosseous lesions mimicking metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS From September 2000 to August 2007, 7 patients were selected from our data base of 214 patients with confirmed vertebral osteomyelitis and MR images. All of those having misinterpreted MR imaging reports and unusual imaging patterns were analyzed. The presence of a peripheral curvilinear area of low signal intensity in an osseous lesion (the rim sign) and a peripheral rim of high signal intensity on T2-weighted images around an osseous lesion (the halo sign) was evaluated. Follow-up MR imaging studies were performed in all patients. RESULTS The patients were 5 men and 2 women, with an age range of 42-80 years. MR imaging findings of those with vertebral osteomyelitis showed a solitary lesion in 2 and multiple lesions in 5 patients. The intraosseous lesions revealed low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, mixed or high signal intensity on T2-weighted images, high signal intensity on short tau inversion recovery images, and global or marginal enhancement. The rim sign was found in 6 (86%) patients; halo sign, in 7 (100%); preserved intervertebral disks, in 7 (100%); and limited paraspinal or epidural inflammation, in 6 (86%). Images of all patients demonstrated healing or almost healed changes on the follow-up MR imaging studies. CONCLUSION Vertebral osteomyelitis can have MR imaging patterns mimicking osseous metastases. Recognition of these unusual imaging manifestations, together with clinical and histopathologic analysis, may aid in reaching the correct diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Hsu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Marsh HW, Hau KT, Sung RYT, Yu CW. Childhood obesity, gender, actual-ideal body image discrepancies, and physical self-concept in Hong Kong children: cultural differences in the value of moderation. Dev Psychol 2007; 43:647-662. [PMID: 17484577 DOI: 10.1037/0012-1649.43.3.647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is increasingly prevalent in Western and non-Western societies. The authors related multiple dimensions of physical self-concept to body composition for 763 Chinese children aged 8 to 15 and compared the results with Western research. Compared with Western research, gender differences favoring boys were generally much smaller for physical self-concept and body image. Objective and subjective indexes of body fat were negatively related to many components of physical self-concept, but--in contrast to Western research--were unrelated to global self-esteem and slightly positively related to health self-concept. In support of discrepancy theory, actual-ideal discrepancies in body image were related to physical self-concept. However, consistent with the Chinese cultural value of moderation, and in contrast to Western results, being too thin relative to personal ideals was almost as detrimental as being too fat. The results reflect stronger Chinese cultural values of moderation and acceptance of obesity than in Western culture and have implications for social and educational policy in China.
Collapse
|
28
|
Chang YT, Chou CT, Yu CW, Lin MW, Shiao YM, Chen CC, Huang CH, Lee DD, Liu HN, Wang WJ, Tsai SF. Cytokine gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with psoriasis. Br J Dermatol 2007; 156:899-905. [PMID: 17388919 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07820.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that cytokine gene polymorphisms may confer susceptibility to psoriasis. OBJECTIVES To determine whether genetic polymorphisms of the cytokine genes might influence the development of psoriasis in Chinese patients in Taiwan. METHODS DNA samples were obtained from 170 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (PV), 102 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and 210 control subjects. Using direct sequencing and microsatellite genotyping, we examined 28 polymorphisms in 11 cytokine genes including the interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12B, IL-13, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, TNF-beta and interferon-gamma genes. Genotypes of HLA-Cw*0602, killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A (MICA) were also determined in patients with PsA. RESULTS The patients with PV were more likely to carry the +4496G allele of the IL-12B gene (59.4% vs. 49.3%, P = 0.0067, P(c) = 0.033). However, no significantly different allelic and genotypic distributions of the other analysed genes including IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, TNF-beta, KIR genes and MICA were found between the PV/PsA patients and controls. Moreover, no association was observed with disease onset, gender, peripheral arthritis or joint erosion. With regards to HLA-Cw*0602, its allele frequency was significantly increased in patients with early-onset PV (25.3% vs. 4.8%, P < 10(-7)), but not in patients with PsA. CONCLUSIONS The IL-12B gene polymorphism conferred a risk for PV in our Chinese population, although the effect was more minor than that of HLA-Cw*0602. Cw*0602, KIR2DS1/S2 and MICA-A9 were unlikely to be risk alleles in our patients with PsA. The other analysed genetic polymorphisms of cytokine genes do not appear to be associated with susceptibility to PV and PsA in Chinese patients in Taiwan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chang
- Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chang YT, Chou CT, Shiao YM, Lin MW, Yu CW, Chen CC, Huang CH, Lee DD, Liu HN, Wang WJ, Tsai SF. Psoriasis vulgaris in Chinese individuals is associated withPSORS1C3andCDSNgenes. Br J Dermatol 2006; 155:663-9. [PMID: 16965413 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Besides the HLA-Cw*0602 allele, the psoriasis susceptibility 1 candidate 3 (PSORS1C3) and corneodesmosin (CDSN) genes are two probable psoriasis susceptibility genes in the PSORS1 locus. The -79C, -26C and +246A alleles of the PSORS1C3 gene, the CDSN*971T allele, CDSN*TTC (619T-1236T-1243C) and CDSN*5 (619T-1240G-1243C) are strongly associated with psoriasis in the caucasian population. Until now, no haplotype study of the PSORS1C3 and CDSN genes has been documented in Chinese patients with psoriasis vulgaris. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine whether genetic polymorphisms of the PSORS1C3 and CDSN genes were associated with an increased risk of psoriasis vulgaris in Chinese patients in Taiwan. METHODS We investigated the PSORS1C3 and CDSN genes for disease association by direct sequencing in 178 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 203 control subjects. Genotyping for HLA-Cw*0602, alpha-helix coiled-coil rod homologue (HCR) gene and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) n.9 was also carried out using a sequence-based typing method. RESULTS The PSORS1C3*582A allele, an SNP in the 3'-untranslated region of the PSORS1C3 gene, was a major psoriasis vulgaris susceptibility allele in the Chinese population, and the association was much stronger in patients with early-onset psoriasis vulgaris (22.3% vs. 6.9%, odds ratio = 3.87, P(c) =0.0000072). The frequencies of CDSN*TTC and CDSN*971T were also significantly increased in patients with early-onset psoriasis vulgaris. Moreover, PSORS1C3*582A, SNP n.9*C, Cw*0602 and HCR*WWCC were in near complete linkage disequilibrium (LD) with each other; in contrast, the LD with the CDSN gene was not so strong. SNP n.9*C-Cw*0602-PSORS1C3*582A-HCR*WWCC was a major susceptibility haplotype in patients with early-onset psoriasis vulgaris (P < 10(-7)) and this risk haplotype also carried CDSN*TTC and CDSN*971T. CONCLUSIONS The PSORS1C3 and CDSN genes are important psoriasis susceptibility genes in Chinese patients with psoriasis vulgaris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chang
- Department of Dermatology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chang YT, Lee WR, Yu CW, Liu HN, Lin MW, Huang CH, Chen CC, Lee DD, Wang WJ, Hu CH, Tsai SF. No association of cytokine gene polymorphisms in Chinese patients with atopic dermatitis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2006; 31:419-23. [PMID: 16681592 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02124.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronically relapsing skin disease associated with the activation of T-helper 2 cells. Recent studies have shown that polymorphisms in the genes for interleukin (IL)-4, the IL-4 receptor, IL-13, and signal transducer and activator 6 (STAT6) may contribute to susceptibility of AD. To date, no cytokine gene polymorphism study has been conducted on Chinese patients with AD. AIMS To determine whether genetic polymorphisms of the cytokine genes might influence the development of AD. METHODS DNA samples were obtained from 94 patients and 186 control subjects. Using direct sequencing and microsatellite genotyping, we examined 22 polymorphisms in eight cytokine genes including the genes for IL-4, -10, -12B and -13, the IL-4 receptor, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, STAT6, and interferon (IFN)-gamma. RESULTS No significantly different allelic and genotypic distributions of the cytokine gene polymorphisms could be found between patients and controls. Moreover, no association was observed with disease onset, gender, the presence of elevated serum total IgE level or blood eosinophilia. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that the analysed genetic polymorphisms of cytokine genes do not appear to be associated with AD susceptibility in our Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Tapei Veterans General Hospital, Tapei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chang YT, Liu HN, Yu CW, Lin MW, Huang CH, Chen CC, Liu MT, Lee DD, Wang WJ, Tsai SF. Cytokine gene polymorphisms in bullous pemphigoid in a Chinese population. Br J Dermatol 2005; 154:79-84. [PMID: 16403098 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06938.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune bullous disease mostly associated with autoantibodies to the hemidesmosomal BP autoantigens BP180 and BP230. High levels of interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma have been detected in skin lesions or sera of patients with BP. Cytokine gene polymorphisms may affect cytokine production and contribute to susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Until now, no cytokine gene polymorphism study has been conducted on patients with BP. OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine whether the genetic polymorphisms of the cytokine genes might influence the development of BP. METHODS DNA samples were obtained from 96 BP patients and 174 control subjects. Using direct sequencing and microsatellite genotyping, we examined 23 polymorphisms in 11 cytokine genes including the IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IL-4 receptor, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma genes. RESULTS Although the BP patients were more likely to carry the -511T and -31C alleles of the IL-1beta gene (P = 0.04), the significance disappeared after correction for multiple testing (Pc). There was complete linkage disequilibrium between the -511T and -31C alleles of the IL-1beta gene. In female patients with BP, the associations with IL-1beta (-511T) and (-31C) alleles were much stronger (68% vs. 40.6%, odds ratio = 3.11, Pc = 0.006). No significantly different allelic and genotypic distributions of other cytokine gene polymorphisms could be found between the patients with BP and controls. Moreover, no association with the extent of disease involvement (localized or generalized) was observed. CONCLUSIONS The IL-1beta (-511) and (-31) polymorphisms were significantly associated with BP in women. The other genetic polymorphisms of cytokine genes that we analysed do not appear to be associated with BP susceptibility in our Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Shih-Pai, Taipei 11217, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Woo KS, Chook P, Yu CW, Sung RYT, Qiao M, Leung SSF, Lam CWK, Metreweli C, Celermajer DS. Overweight in children is associated with arterial endothelial dysfunction and intima-media thickening. Int J Obes (Lond) 2004; 28:852-7. [PMID: 15170465 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to study arterial endothelial function and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), both early markers of atherosclerosis, in overweight compared to normal children. DESIGN Case-control comparison. SUBJECTS A total of 36 asymptomatic overweight children (body mass index (BMI)>23; mean 25+/-3) aged 9-12 y and 36 age- and gender-matched nonobese healthy children (BMI<21) from a school community. MEASUREMENTS The key parameters were: BMI, arterial endothelial function (ultrasound-derived endothelium-dependent dilation) and carotid artery IMT. The secondary parameters measured included body fat content, waist-hip ratio (WHR), blood pressures, blood lipids, insulin and glucose. RESULTS The two groups were well matched for blood pressures, cholesterol and glucose levels, but BMI (P<0.0001), body fat (P=0.001), WHR (P<0.05), fasting blood insulin (P=0.001) and triglyceride levels (P<0.05) were higher in obese children. Overweight was associated with impaired arterial endothelial function (6.6+/-2.3 vs 9.7+/-3.0%, P<0.0001) and increased carotid IMT (0.49+/-0.04 mm vs 0.45+/-0.04 mm, P=0.006). The degree of endothelial dysfunction correlated with BMI (P<0.003) on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Obesity, even of mild-to-moderate degree, is independently associated with abnormal arterial function and structure in otherwise healthy young children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K S Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare self-perceptions of physical competences in overweight and in normal weight preadolescent Chinese children. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Three primary schools and a university hospital in Hong Kong. SUBJECTS A total of 634 children, comprising 558 (462 normal weight, 96 overweight) aged 8-12 y randomly sampled from three primary schools, and 76 similar age overweight children recruited from the community for a diet and exercise intervention programme. MEASUREMENTS Height, weight and percentage body fat were measured. Self-perceptions of physical competences were determined by Physical Self-Descriptive Questionnaire (PSDQ). Corresponding actual physical competences were measured by physical fitness tests. RESULTS Overweight children perceived themselves to have significantly more body fat than normal weight children, with poorer appearance, sports competence, endurance, coordination, flexibility, overall physical self-concept and self-esteem, but to be no less healthy, no less physically active and no less strong. Overweight children performed less well than normal weight children in measures of endurance, coordination and flexibility but better in strength. Poor self-perception of physical competences appeared only partly related to deficiencies in actual physical competences. CONCLUSION Overweight children have poorer self-perception of their physical competences but do not perceive themselves to be less strong, healthy or physically active than normal weight children. Exercise programmes for overweight children could be more effective if designed with the knowledge of these self-perceptions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Y T Sung
- Department of Pediatrics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Lau PWC, Lee A, Ransdell L, Yu CW, Sung RYT. The association between global self-esteem, physical self-concept and actual vs ideal body size rating in Chinese primary school children. Int J Obes (Lond) 2004; 28:314-9. [PMID: 14610527 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the discrepancy between actual and ideal body size rating is related to Chinese children's global self-esteem and global physical self-concept. DESIGN A cross-sectional study of school children who completed questionnaires related to global self-esteem, global physical self-concept, and actual vs ideal body size. SUBJECTS A total of 386 Chinese children (44% girls and 56% boys) aged 7-13 y from a primary school in Hong Kong, China. MEASUREMENTS Global self-esteem and physical self-concept were measured using the physical self-descriptive questionnaire. Actual vs ideal body size discrepancy was established using the silhouette matching task. RESULTS No significant relationship was found between global self-esteem and actual-ideal body size discrepancy of children. Global physical self-concept had a moderate negative correlation (r=-0.12) with the body size discrepancy score and the discrepancy score explained very limited variance (R(2)=0.015; F(1, 296)=4.51; P<0.05) in global physical self-concept. Three body size discrepancy groups (none, positive, and negative) were examined to see if there were any significant differences in global self-esteem, global physical self-concept, and specific dimensions of physical self-concept. A significant overall difference was found between groups for global physical self-concept (F=3.73, P<0.05) and the physical self-concept subscales of physical activity (F=3.25, P<0.05), body fat (F=61.26, P<0.001), and strength (F=5.26, P<0.01). Boys scored significantly higher than girls on global physical self-concept-especially in the sport competence, strength, and endurance subscales. CONCLUSION This study revealed that the actual-ideal body size discrepancy rating of Chinese children was not predictive of global physical self-concept and global self-esteem. These findings are contrary to those reported in Western children, which may mean that culture plays a role in the formation of body attitude.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P W C Lau
- Department of Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yu CW, Lee WJ, Tsai YH, Liu KL, Chen SJ. Demonstration of extensive mesenteric venous thrombosis and intestinal infarction with multidetector row CT: value of curved planar reformations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 28:775-7. [PMID: 14753589 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-003-0053-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe a case of extensive mesenteric venous thrombosis with small bowel infarction. Multidetector row computed tomography with curved planar reformation clearly demonstrated the full extents of the mesenteric venous thrombus and the infarcted bowel loops. The length of infarcted segment could be estimated from the curved planar reformatted image and correlated well with operative findings. To our knowledge, this is the first presentation and measurement of infarcted bowel loops on curved planar reformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C W Yu
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7, Chung-Shan S. Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chan JHM, Tsui EYK, Kwong KL, Poon WL, Yuen MK, Leung JOY, Lai WT, Yu CW, Wong KPC. 3D time of flight MR angiography: acquisition with small field of view and low phase encodes. Comput Med Imaging Graph 2003; 27:283-7. [PMID: 12631512 DOI: 10.1016/s0895-6111(02)00092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the image quality of the 3D TOF MRA acquired with a small FOV and low phase encodes with those MR angiographic images acquired with standard pulse sequence parameters. Twenty patients who were referred to our institution for MR imaging of the brain and strictly satisfied the selection criteria were included in this study. Apart from the routine protocol for MR imaging of the brain, 3D TOF MRA of the circle of Willis with a small FOV and a standard FOV were performed. The image quality of all MRA was evaluated by two independent observers who were blind to the pulse sequence parameters. From the standard FOV MRA, 22.5, 12.5, and 5% of the patients were graded as mild, moderate, and severe stenosis of the internal carotid artery, respectively. On the contrary, no apparent stenosis was observed from the small FOV MRA with low phase encodes. Regarding the reduction in MR artifacts and acquisition time achieved with the small FOV 3D TOF MRA with low phase encodes, this might be a useful MR angiographic technique to be used in routine clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J H M Chan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tsing Chung Koon Road, Tuen Mun, NT, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yu CW, Sung RYT, So R, Lam K, Nelson EAS, Li AMC, Yuan Y, Lam PKW. Energy expenditure and physical activity of obese children: cross-sectional study. Hong Kong Med J 2002; 8:313-7. [PMID: 12376706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the total daily energy expenditure and physical activity pattern of a group of obese and non-obese Hong Kong children. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTINGS University teaching hospital, Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS Eighteen obese children aged 6 to 17 years and 18 age- and sex-matched non-obese children in the local Hong Kong community. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Total daily energy expenditure and physical activity pattern were estimated for 3 days using heart rate monitoring. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS In obese children, both total fat mass and fat-free mass were greater than in non-obese children. Total daily energy expenditure and its sleep and sedentary components were higher in absolute terms (by 42%, 43%, and 126%, respectively) for obese children. When normalised for body weight, the basal metabolic rate was no different between obese and non-obese children, while the total daily energy expenditure of the obese children was significantly lower (by 22%) than that of non-obese children. When normalised for fat-free mass, the basal metabolic rate and the sedentary component of total daily energy expenditure were significantly higher for obese children. Obese children spent 12% less time asleep, but 51% more time in sedentary activity and 30% less time physically active: a ratio of active-to-sedentary waking time of 0.6 for obese children and 1.9 for non-obese children. CONCLUSIONS Although the basal metabolic rate may be influenced by body composition, the finding of a normal basal metabolic rate when normalised for body weight suggests that an intrinsic difference of metabolic rate is not a major contributory cause of obesity. The study pointed particularly to the potential benefit of increasing physical exercise time relative to sedentary activities to reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity. Obese and non-obese children had similar basal metabolic rates when adjusted by fat-free mass and fat mass. Obese children spent more time in sedentary activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C W Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate effects of a low energy diet, with or without strength training, on blood lipid profile in obese children. METHODS Eighty two obese children were enrolled into a six week dietary programme, and were randomly allocated to a training group or a non-training group. The training group underwent regular exercise sessions with emphasis on strength training. RESULTS Height increased significantly, with a non-significant reduction in body mass index. Fat free mass increased significantly in the training group. Serum total cholesterol was significantly reduced in both groups. The LDL:HDL ratio significantly decreased in the training group. CONCLUSION Results support the potentially beneficial effects of both diet and physical training. Further and longer term evaluation of such programmes is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Y T Sung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wong MK, Yu CW, Yuen WH, Yang D. Synthesis of alpha-keto esters and amides via oxidative cleavage of cyanoketophosphoranes by dimethyldioxirane. J Org Chem 2002; 66:3606-9. [PMID: 11348154 DOI: 10.1021/jo0015974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M K Wong
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the dose distributions at the interface due to the presence of a metal implant; to show the dose distributions in combined fields in the presence of hip prostheses; and to demonstrate the capabilities and limitations of a conventional system. METHODS AND MATERIALS Perturbations in the dose distribution caused by a hip prosthesis can result in unacceptable dose inhomogeneities within the target volume and in regions where tissues interface with implant. The Monte Carlo technique and a conventional treatment planning system are used to calculate the dose distributions. RESULTS Dose increases of 15% in tissue are seen at the interface between metal implant and tissue. Dose reductions of 5-25% or 10-45% are observed in the shadow of the hip prosthesis made of 0.5-3-cm-thick titanium or steel alloy respectively. We compared predicted dose distribution between the Monte Carlo simulation and a commercial treatment planning system (CADPLAN). We found that CADPLAN underestimated the attenuation of hip prostheses. This has led to overestimation of the target dose by 14% for a typical four-field box technique. CONCLUSIONS An acceptable dose distribution can be achieved with a proper lateral beam weighting and compensation using an eight-field technique. The beam compensation may be applied to achieve an adequate target dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G X Ding
- Department of Medical Physics, Fraser Valley Cancer Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Surrey, BC, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
AIMS (1) To validate a leg to leg bioimpedance analysis (BIA) device in the measurement of body composition in children by assessment of its agreement with dual energy x ray absorptiometry (DXA) and its repeatability. (2) To establish a reference range of percentage body fat in Hong Kong Chinese children. METHODS Sequential BIA and DXA methods were used to determine body composition in 49 children aged 7-18 years; agreement between the two methods was calculated. Repeatability for the BIA method was established from duplicate measurements. Body composition was then determined by BIA in 1139 girls and 1243 boys aged 7-16 years, who were randomly sampled in eight local primary and secondary schools to establish reference ranges. RESULTS The 95% limits of agreement between BIA and DXA methods were considered acceptable (-3.3 kg to -0.5 kg fat mass and -3.9 to 0.6% body fat). The percentage body fat increased with increasing age. Compared to the 1993 Hong Kong growth survey, these children had higher body mass index. Mean (SD) percentage body fat at 7 years of age was 17.2% (4.4%) and 14.0% (3.4%) respectively for boys and girls, which increased to 19.3% (4.8%) and 27.8% (6.3%) at age 16. CONCLUSION Leg to leg BIA is a valid alternative method to DXA for the measurement of body fat. Provisional reference ranges for percentage body fat for Hong Kong Chinese children aged 7-16 years are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Y Sung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 6/F Clinical Science Building, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
Previous studies of head-up tilt test have shown that testing at high degrees lacks specificity in children. We suspected that the high false positive rate might be related to the intravascular catheter and other maneuvers incorporated in the test and therefore studied the sensitivity and specificity of standing and HUT at 80 degrees without any invasive procedure and other maneuvers in children and adolescents. Twenty three patients (11.8+/-2.7 years) with recurrent typical neurally mediated syncope and 35 normal control children (11.6+/-3.0 years) underwent motionless standing for 15 min and tilting to 80 degrees for 30 min. Continuous finger arterial pressure monitoring and ECG were performed during the test. Eight (35%) of the 23 patients developed symptoms of near syncope during motionless standing. Thirteen (57%) of them had positive results at 80 degrees tilting for 30 min. The symptoms of syncope were not always corresponding to excessive haemodynamic changes. None of the controls developed any symptoms or excessive hemodynamic changes. Without intravascular instrumentation and other autonomic maneuvers, active motionless standing or HUT at 80 degrees for 30 min is highly specific but of limited sensitivity for the investigation of vasovagal syncope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Y Sung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Lin CH, Chen BS, Yu CW, Chiang SW. A water-based triphenyltetrazolium chloride method for the evaluation of green plant tissue viability. Phytochem Anal 2001; 12:211-213. [PMID: 11705029 DOI: 10.1002/pca.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A water-based 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) partitioning method using n-hexane for the evaluation of green plant tissue viability has been developed. Conventionally, the reduction of TTC to insoluble red-coloured triphenylformazan (TPF) has been used to detect seed, bud, leaf and cultured cell viability. However, the 95% ethanol used to extract TPF also extracts various pigments, such as chlorophyll, from plant tissues which interfere with the absorption of TPF at 485 nm. This new water-based method improves upon the current method by eliminating the interfering pigments in the hexane layer, and by minimising the non-enzymatic oxidation of the sample. When used to evaluate the tissue viability of chillstressed waxapple (Syzygium samarangense) plants, the refined method had a greater sensitivity than the electrolyte leakage method and thus provided a more precise assessment for the physiological state of various plant tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Lin
- Department of Botany, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
According to the new AAPM TG-51 dosimetry protocol, reference dosimetry for electron beams is performed at depth of d(ref)=0.6R50-0.1 (cm) instead of d(max) recommended in TG-21. In clinical practice most electron beams are normalized at d(max). Therefore it becomes more important to get an accurate percentage-depth-dose (%dd) curve particularly for higher-energy electron beams in which the depth d(ref) is away from d(max). When ionization chambers are used in determining %dd curves the water-to-air stopping-power ratios and the fluence correction factors are required. The TG-51 recommends that the stopping-power ratios for realistic electron beams be used instead of the monoenergetic stopping-power ratios used in TG-21. This investigation aims to study the effects of those correction factors on the determination of %dd curves. We observed 1% deviations in the value of %dd at d(ref) for 15 and 18 MeV beams between a plane-parallel NACP and a cylindrical IC-10 chamber without considering the fluence correction factors P(fl). We explored a method to derive the fluence correction factors at any depth by using the existing fluence correction data at d(max) and tested its feasibility. We compared %dd curves measured by a diode detector and a NACP chamber with stopping-power ratios recommended by TG-51 and those recommended by TG-21. We found that for 15 and 18 MeV beams the difference in the values of %dd at d(ref) between using those two different stopping-power ratios is about 0.5%. Excellent agreement is found between %dd curves measured by the diode and by the NACP chamber when the stopping-power ratios recommended by TG-51 are used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G X Ding
- Medical Physics, Fraser Valley Cancer Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Surrey, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vasovagal syncope is usually associated with a sudden drop of blood pressure and/or heart rate. However, occasionally the symptoms of syncope induced by orthostatic stress testing are not associated with obvious haemodynamic changes. The mechanisms of syncope in these patients are not clear. AIM To evaluate changes in cerebral blood flow velocities during orthostatic stress testing in children and adolescents with vasovagal syncope. METHODS Electrocardiogram, instantaneous arterial blood pressure, and right middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity were recorded at rest, during active standing, and 80 degrees head up tilt. 32 children and adolescents aged between 7 and 18 years with a history of repeated vasovagal syncope and 23 healthy control subjects were studied. RESULTS Presyncope occurred in 10 patients during standing, and 13 patients during head up tilt. None of the controls had symptoms during the test. The transcranial Doppler study showed that the symptoms were associated with significant decreases of diastolic cerebral blood flow velocity and an increase of pulsatility. There was no significant change of the systolic cerebral blood flow velocity. The changes of cerebral blood flow velocities occurred in all episodes of presyncope, including those not associated with severe drop of blood pressure or heart rate. CONCLUSIONS Diastolic cerebral blood flow velocity decreased significantly during episodes of presyncope induced by orthostatic stress. Impairment of autoregulation of cerebral blood flow might play an important role in the pathophysiology of syncope.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Y Sung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, The People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Li CK, Sung RY, Kwok KL, Leung TF, Shing MM, Chik KW, Yu CW, Yam MC, Yuen PM. A longitudinal study of cardiac function in children with cancer over 40 months. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2000; 17:77-83. [PMID: 10689717 DOI: 10.1080/088800100276686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A previous study demonstrated impaired systolic function in 29% of patients treated with anthracycline as part of their therapy for malignant disease. A follow-up echocardiographic study was performed to determine whether there had been further deterioration of cardiac function. At least 40 months after the first study, those patients in whom abnormal systolic function had been detected and who had not received further anthracycline were studied by echocardiography using the same protocol as the initial study (group A). A second group of pediatric oncology patients who had not been given anthracycline but who had previously had cardiac assessment was selected as a control group (group N). The age and sex distributions of the two groups were comparable. Group A comprised 29 patients assessed on 2 occasions at mean times of 46 months and 89 months from the last dose of anthracycline. The mean dose of anthracycline received was 233 mg/m2 (range 20-400). Nine of 16 patients and 4 of 5 patients who had abnormal ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) at first assessment had normal EF and FS at the second assessment. There were no significant changes in EF, FS, and left ventricular wall stress (LVWS) between the two examinations. In group N, 20 patients were assessed after a mean interval of 43 months. There were no significant changes in EF, FS, or LVWS between the two examinations. At the first but not the second examination there were significant differences in the left ventricular internal diameters, EF, FS, and LVWS between group A and group N. Mildly abnormal cardiac indices detected in children after cessation of treatment with anthracycline did not deteriorate in 3 to 4 years follow-up. A longer cardiac follow-up study is indicated to assess the late outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C K Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Ing PS, Van Dyke DL, Caudill SP, Reidy JA, Bice G, Bieber FR, Buchanan PD, Carroll AJ, Cheung SW, DeWald G, Donahue RP, Gardner HA, Higgins J, Hsu LY, Jamehdor M, Keitges EA, Laundon CH, Luthardt FW, Mascarello J, May KM, Meck JM, Morton C, Patil S, Peakman D, Pettenati MJ, Rao N, Sanger WG, Saxe DF, Schwartz S, Sekhon GS, Vance GH, Wyandt HE, Yu CW, Zenger-Hain J, Chen AT. Detection of mosaicism in amniotic fluid cultures: a CYTO2000 collaborative study. Genet Med 1999; 1:94-7. [PMID: 11336459 DOI: 10.1097/00125817-199903000-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the assumptions on which the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) Standards and Guidelines for detecting mosaicism in amniotic fluid cultures are based. METHODS Data from 653 cases of amniotic fluid mosaicism were collected from 26 laboratories. A chi-square goodness-of-fit test was used to compare the observed number of mosaic cases with the expected number based on binomial distribution theory. RESULTS Comparison of observed data from the in situ colony cases with the expected distribution of cases detected based on the binomial distribution did not reveal a significant difference (P = 0.525). CONCLUSIONS The empirical data fit the binomial distribution. Therefore, binomial theory can be used as an initial discussion point for determining whether ACMG Standards and Guidelines are adequate for detecting mosaicism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Ing
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND The escalating rates of gonococcal resistance to quinolone in Hong Kong have prompted a search for an alternative first-line antimicrobial agent for use in treating uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis. Ceftibuten is an orally active third-generation cephalosporin with potent in vitro activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Its pharmacokinetic properties allow single-dose administration. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ceftibuten in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea in men. STUDY DESIGN Ceftibuten was evaluated in an open-label, noncomparative, multicenter study. Eligible men with uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis were treated with a single 400-mg oral dose of ceftibuten and reassessed 1 week and 3 weeks after treatment. The main outcome measures were the isolation of N. gonorrhoeae, patient-reported side effects, and other safety parameters (e.g., blood counts and renal and hepatic function tests). RESULTS One hundred twenty-five men were enrolled in the study. The overall cure rate was 98.2% (110 of 112 evaluable patients). Adverse events, which occurred in 4.5% of patients, were all mild, well tolerated, and of short duration. No significant changes in laboratory test results were noted. Of the 125 isolates, 4.8% were -lactamase positive. Susceptibility to ofloxacin was found to be low in 59.2% of isolates (MIC 0.1 to < 1g/mL) and 25.6% of isolates were resistant (MIC1g/mL) to ofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS A single 400-mg oral dose of ceftibuten is highly effective and well tolerated in the treatment of uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Y Chong
- Social Hygiene Service, Department of Health, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the acute effects of red blood cell transfusion on haemodynamics in preterm babies. SETTING A neonatal unit in a University Hospital. PATIENTS Preterm babies whose postnatal age was less than four weeks and who required red blood cell transfusion. MEASUREMENT Cardiac output and left ventricular systolic function was determined using Doppler echocardiography before, one hour and 24 h after red blood cell transfusion. Blood pressure and haematocrit were also recorded at the same time. Mixed-effects regression model was used to analyse the effect of blood transfusion on left ventricular function and cardiac output. RESULTS 57 preterm babies were recruited. Univariate analysis showed that cardiac index decreased significantly 24 h after transfusion (P<0.05). Systemic red cell transport increased by an average of 11.1% 24 h after transfusion (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the cardiac index was negatively associated with haematocrit and the index was higher in male babies. CONCLUSION There was a significant drop in cardiac index and an increase in systemic red cell transport 24 h after transfusion in premature babies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C W Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hosptial, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
A fetus with 68,XX karyotype was ascertained by an elevated midtrimester MSHCG. By antenatal ultrasound, the only unusual finding was in relation to the placenta. Preterm delivery was mandated by the development of severe preeclampsia. Postmortem examination of the stillborn fetus demonstrated no abnormal physical findings other than bilateral syndactyly of fingers and toes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E L Ross
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson 39216-4505, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|