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Jones CH, Dolsten M. Author Correction: Healthcare on the brink: navigating the challenges of an aging society in the United States. NPJ Aging 2024; 10:25. [PMID: 38730265 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-024-00153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Jones
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, New York, 10018, USA.
| | - Mikael Dolsten
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, New York, 10018, USA.
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Jones CH, Dolsten M. Healthcare on the brink: navigating the challenges of an aging society in the United States. NPJ Aging 2024; 10:22. [PMID: 38582901 PMCID: PMC10998868 DOI: 10.1038/s41514-024-00148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The US healthcare system is at a crossroads. With an aging population requiring more care and a strained system facing workforce shortages, capacity issues, and fragmentation, innovative solutions and policy reforms are needed. This paper aims to spark dialogue and collaboration among healthcare stakeholders and inspire action to meet the needs of the aging population. Through a comprehensive analysis of the impact of an aging society, this work highlights the urgency of addressing this issue and the importance of restructuring the healthcare system to be more efficient, equitable, and responsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Jones
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, New York, 10018, USA.
| | - Mikael Dolsten
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, New York, 10018, USA.
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Hill A, True JM, Jones CH. Transforming drug development with synthetic biology and AI. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00028-3. [PMID: 38383215 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has thrust RNA as a platform for drug development into the spotlight. However, identifying promising drug candidates is challenging. With advances in synthetic biology and artificial intelligence (AI) models, we can overcome this hurdle, transforming drug development and ushering in a new era in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Hill
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY 10001, USA
| | - Jane M True
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY 10001, USA
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Jones CH, Jenkins MP, Adam Williams B, Welch VL, True JM. Exploring the future adult vaccine landscape-crowded schedules and new dynamics. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:27. [PMID: 38336933 PMCID: PMC10858163 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00809-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Amidst the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccine innovation has garnered significant attention, but this field was already on the cusp of a groundbreaking renaissance. Propelling these advancements are scientific and technological breakthroughs, alongside a growing understanding of the societal and economic boons vaccines offer, particularly for non-pediatric populations like adults and the immunocompromised. In a departure from previous decades where vaccine launches could be seamlessly integrated into existing processes, we anticipate potentially than 100 novel, risk-adjusted product launches over the next 10 years in the adult vaccine market, primarily addressing new indications. However, this segment is infamous for its challenges: low uptake, funding shortfalls, and operational hurdles linked to delivery and administration. To unlock the societal benefits of this burgeoning expansion, we need to adopt a fresh perspective to steer through the dynamics sparked by the rapid growth of the global adult vaccine market. This article aims to provide that fresh perspective, offering a detailed analysis of the anticipated number of adult vaccine approvals by category and exploring how our understanding of barriers to adult vaccine uptake might evolve. We incorporated pertinent insights from external stakeholder interviews, spotlighting shifting preferences, perceptions, priorities, and decision-making criteria. Consequently, this article aspires to serve as a pivotal starting point for industry participants, equipping them with the knowledge to skillfully navigate the anticipated surge in both volume and complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Verna L Welch
- Pfizer Inc, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY, 10001, USA
| | - Jane M True
- Pfizer Inc, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY, 10001, USA.
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Jones CH, Androsavich JR, So N, Jenkins MP, MacCormack D, Prigodich A, Welch V, True JM, Dolsten M. Breaking the mold with RNA-a "RNAissance" of life science. NPJ Genom Med 2024; 9:2. [PMID: 38195675 PMCID: PMC10776758 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-023-00387-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, RNA therapeutics have gone from being a promising concept to one of the most exciting frontiers in healthcare and pharmaceuticals. The field is now entering what many call a renaissance or "RNAissance" which is being fueled by advances in genetic engineering and delivery systems to take on more ambitious development efforts. However, this renaissance is occurring at an unprecedented pace, which will require a different way of thinking if the field is to live up to its full potential. Recognizing this need, this article will provide a forward-looking perspective on the field of RNA medical products and the potential long-term innovations and policy shifts enabled by this revolutionary and game-changing technological platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nina So
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY, 10018, USA
| | | | | | | | - Verna Welch
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY, 10018, USA
| | - Jane M True
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY, 10018, USA.
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Williams BA, Jones CH, Welch V, True JM. Pandemic preparedness requires collaboration between governments, funders and pharma. Nat Med 2023; 29:2999-3001. [PMID: 38087114 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02664-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
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Pfeifer BA, Beitelshees M, Hill A, Bassett J, Jones CH. Harnessing synthetic biology for advancing RNA therapeutics and vaccine design. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:60. [PMID: 38036580 PMCID: PMC10689799 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00323-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent global events have drawn into focus the diversity of options for combatting disease across a spectrum of prophylactic and therapeutic approaches. The recent success of the mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines has paved the way for RNA-based treatments to revolutionize the pharmaceutical industry. However, historical treatment options are continuously updated and reimagined in the context of novel technical developments, such as those facilitated through the application of synthetic biology. When it comes to the development of genetic forms of therapies and vaccines, synthetic biology offers diverse tools and approaches to influence the content, dosage, and breadth of treatment with the prospect of economic advantage provided in time and cost benefits. This can be achieved by utilizing the broad tools within this discipline to enhance the functionality and efficacy of pharmaceutical agent sequences. This review will describe how synthetic biology principles can augment RNA-based treatments through optimizing not only the vaccine antigen, therapeutic construct, therapeutic activity, and delivery vector. The enhancement of RNA vaccine technology through implementing synthetic biology has the potential to shape the next generation of vaccines and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaine A Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Andrew Hill
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard, New York, NY, 10001, USA
| | - Justin Bassett
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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Williams BA, Jones CH, Welch V, True JM. Outlook of pandemic preparedness in a post-COVID-19 world. NPJ Vaccines 2023; 8:178. [PMID: 37985781 PMCID: PMC10662147 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-023-00773-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic was met with rapid, unprecedented global collaboration and action. Even still, the public health, societal, and economic impact may be felt for years to come. The risk of another pandemic occurring in the next few decades is ever-present and potentially increasing due to trends such as urbanization and climate change. While it is difficult to predict the next pandemic pathogen threat, making reasonable assumptions today and evaluating prior efforts to plan for and respond to disease outbreaks and pandemics may enable a more proactive, effective response in the future. Lessons from the COVID-19 response and pandemic influenza preparedness underscore the importance of strengthening surveillance systems, investing in early-stage research on pandemic pathogens and development of platform technologies, and diversifying response plans across a range of tactics to enable earlier access to safe and effective interventions in the next pandemic. Further, sustaining the robust vaccine manufacturing capacity built because of COVID-19 will keep it ready for rapid response in the future. These actions will not be successful without improved global coordination and collaboration. Everyone, including the biopharmaceutical industry, has a role to play in pandemic preparedness, and working together will ensure that the most lives are saved in the next pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Verna Welch
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard East, New York, NY, 10001, USA
| | - Jane M True
- Pfizer, 66 Hudson Boulevard East, New York, NY, 10001, USA.
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Beitelshees M, Hill A, Li Y, Chen M, Ahmadi MK, Smith RJ, Andreadis ST, Rostami P, Jones CH, Pfeifer BA. Antigen delivery format variation and formulation stability through use of a hybrid vector. Vaccine X 2019; 1:100012. [PMID: 31384734 PMCID: PMC6668244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2019.100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A hybrid biological-biomaterial antigen delivery vector comprised of a polymeric shell encapsulating an Escherichia coli core was previously developed for in situ antigen production and subsequent delivery. Due to the engineering capacity of the bacterial core, the hybrid vector provides unique opportunities for immunogenicity optimization through varying cellular localization (cytoplasm, periplasm, cellular surface) and type (protein or DNA) of antigen. In this work, three protein-based hybrid vector formats were compared in which the pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) was localized to the cytoplasm, surface, and periplasmic space of the bacterial core for vaccination against pneumococcal disease. Furthermore, we tested the hybrid vector's capacity as a DNA vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae by introducing a plasmid into the bacterial core to facilitate PspA expression in antigen presenting cells (APCs). Through testing these various formulations, we determined that cytoplasmic accumulation of PspA elicited the strongest immune response (antibody production and protection against bacterial challenge) and enabled complete protection at substantially lower doses when compared to vaccination with PspA + adjuvant. We also improved the storage stability of the hybrid vector to retain complete activity after 1 month at 4 °C using an approach in which hybrid vectors suspended in a microbial freeze drying buffer were desiccated. These results demonstrate the flexibility and robustness of the hybrid vector formulation, which has the potential to be a potent vaccine against S. pneumoniae.
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Key Words
- APCs, antigen presenting cells
- AS, aqueous storage
- CDM, chemically defined bacterial growth medium
- CFA, Complete Freund's Adjuvant
- CHV, cytoplasmic hybrid vector
- CPSs, capsular polysaccharides
- ClyA, cytolysin A
- DNA vaccine
- DS, desiccated storage
- EHV, empty hybrid vector
- IN, intranasal
- IP, intraperitoneal
- LBVs, live bacterial vectors
- LLO, listeriolysin O
- NVT, non-vaccine type
- PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- PCVs, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines
- PHV, periplasmic hybrid vector
- PcpA, pneumococcal choline-binding protein A
- PhtD, histidine triad protein D
- Pneumococcal disease
- Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA)
- PspA, pneumococcal surface protein A
- SC, subcutaneous
- SHV, surface hybrid vector
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Vaccine delivery
- pHV, plasmid hybrid vector
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Beitelshees
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Andrew Hill
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc., Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Mahmoud Kamal Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Randall J. Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Stelios T. Andreadis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
- Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Pooya Rostami
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc., Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | | | - Blaine A. Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
- Corresponding author at: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA.
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Abstract
We detail the development of a next-generation Streptococcus pneumoniae liposomal encapsulation of polysaccharides (LEPS) vaccine, with design characteristics geared toward best-in-class efficacy. The first generation LEPS vaccine, which contained 20 encapsulated pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) and two surface-displayed virulence-associated proteins (GlpO and PncO), enabling prophylactic potency against 70+ serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae (the causative agent of pneumococcal disease), was rationally redesigned for advanced clinical readiness and best-in-class coverage. In doing so, the virulent-specific GlpO protein antigen was removed from the final formulation due to off-target immunogenicity toward bacterial species within the human microbiome, while directed protection was maintained by increasing the dose of PncO from 17 to 68 μg. LEPS formulation parameters also readily facilitated an increase in CPS valency (to a total of 24) and systematic variation in protein-liposome attachment mechanisms in anticipation of clinical translation. An additional safety assessment study demonstrated that LEPS does not exhibit appreciable toxicological effects even when administered at ten times the effective dose. In summary, this new design offers the broadest, safest, and most-complete protection while maintaining desirable glycoconjugate-like features, positioning the LEPS vaccine platform for clinical success and a global health impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B. Hill
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc., 1576 Sweet Home Road, Amherst, New York 14228, United States,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Marie Beitelshees
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc., 1576 Sweet Home Road, Amherst, New York 14228, United States,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Roozbeh Nayerhoda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Blaine A. Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States,Corresponding Authors: .,
| | - Charles H. Jones
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc., 1576 Sweet Home Road, Amherst, New York 14228, United States,Corresponding Authors: .,
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Beitelshees M, Hill A, Rostami P, Jones CH, Pfeifer BA. A Transition to Targeted or ‘Smart’ Vaccines: How Understanding Commensal Colonization Can Lead to Selective Vaccination. Pharmaceut Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40290-018-0225-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Jones CH, Zhang G, Nayerhoda R, Beitelshees M, Hill A, Rostami P, Li Y, Davidson BA, Knight P, Pfeifer BA. Comprehensive vaccine design for commensal disease progression. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1701797. [PMID: 29057325 PMCID: PMC5647123 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1701797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Commensal organisms with the potential to cause disease pose a challenge in developing treatment options. Using the example featured in this study, pneumococcal disease begins with Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization, followed by triggering events that prompt the release of a virulent subpopulation of bacteria. Current vaccines focus on colonization prevention, which poses unintended consequences of serotype niche replacement. In this study, noncovalent colocalization of two classes of complementary antigens, one to prevent the colonization of the most aggressive S. pneumoniae serotypes and another to restrict virulence transition, provides complete vaccine effectiveness in animal subjects and the most comprehensive coverage of disease reported to date. As a result, the proposed vaccine formulation offers universal pneumococcal disease prevention with the prospect of effectively managing a disease that afflicts tens to hundreds of millions globally. The approach more generally puts forth a balanced prophylactic treatment strategy in response to complex commensal-host dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guojian Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Roozbeh Nayerhoda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Marie Beitelshees
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Andrew Hill
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc., Buffalo, NY 14228, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Pooya Rostami
- New York University Langone Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11229, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Bruce A. Davidson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Paul Knight
- Department of Anesthesiology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Blaine A. Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
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Jones CH, O'Neill S, McLean KA, Wigmore SJ, Harrison EM. Patient experience and overall satisfaction after emergency abdominal surgery. BMC Surg 2017; 17:76. [PMID: 28668089 PMCID: PMC5494126 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-017-0271-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a growing recognition of the importance of patient experience in healthcare, however little is known in the context of emergency abdominal surgery. This study sought to quantify the association between patient experience and overall satisfaction. Methods Patient demographics, operation details and 30-day clinical outcome data of consecutive patients undergoing emergency abdominal surgery were collected. Data was collected using validated Patient Reported Experience Measures (PREMs) questionnaires. Categorical data were tested using Mann Whitney U test. Multivariable regression was used to determine independent factors associated with satisfaction. Results In a well-fitting multivariable analysis (R2 = 0.71), variables significantly associated with a higher global satisfaction score were “sufficient information given about treatment” (β = 0.86, 95% CI 0.01–1.70, p = 0.047), "sufficient explanation of risks and benefits of surgery" (β = 1.26, 95% CI 0.18–2.34, p = 0.020), “absence of night-time noise” (β = 1.35, 95% CI 0.56–2.14, p = 0.001) and “confidence and trust in nurses” (β = 1.51, 95% CI 0.54–2.49, p = 0.003). Conclusions Overall patient satisfaction was strongly associated with perceptions of good communication and transfer of information. Confidence and trust in the clinical team is an important determinant of patient experience. Improving the ward environment by reducing noise at night may also improve the overall experience and satisfaction in emergency surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Jones
- Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S O'Neill
- Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - K A McLean
- Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - S J Wigmore
- Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK
| | - E M Harrison
- Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 51 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4SA, UK.
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Hill AB, Kilgore C, McGlynn M, Jones CH. Improving global vaccine accessibility. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 42:67-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Li Y, Beitelshees M, Fang L, Hill A, Ahmadi MK, Chen M, Davidson BA, Knight P, Smith RJ, Andreadis ST, Hakansson AP, Jones CH, Pfeifer BA. In situ pneumococcal vaccine production and delivery through a hybrid biological-biomaterial vector. Sci Adv 2016; 2:e1600264. [PMID: 27419235 PMCID: PMC4942325 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1600264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The type and potency of an immune response provoked during vaccination will determine ultimate success in disease prevention. The basis for this response will be the design and implementation of antigen presentation to the immune system. Whereas direct antigen administration will elicit some form of immunological response, a more sophisticated approach would couple the antigen of interest to a vector capable of broad delivery formats and designed for heightened response. New antigens associated with pneumococcal disease virulence were used to test the delivery and adjuvant capabilities of a hybrid biological-biomaterial vector consisting of a bacterial core electrostatically coated with a cationic polymer. The hybrid design provides (i) passive and active targeting of antigen-presenting cells, (ii) natural and multicomponent adjuvant properties, (iii) dual intracellular delivery mechanisms, and (iv) a simple formulation mechanism. In addition, the hybrid format enables device-specific, or in situ, antigen production and consolidation via localization within the bacterial component of the vector. This capability eliminates the need for dedicated antigen production and purification before vaccination efforts while leveraging the aforementioned features of the overall delivery device. We present the first disease-specific utilization of the vector toward pneumococcal disease highlighted by improved immune responses and protective capabilities when tested against traditional vaccine formulations and a range of clinically relevant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. More broadly, the results point to similar levels of success with other diseases that would benefit from the production, delivery, and efficacy capabilities offered by the hybrid vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
| | - Marie Beitelshees
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
| | - Lei Fang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
| | - Andrew Hill
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc., Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
| | - Mahmoud Kamal Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
| | - Bruce A. Davidson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
| | - Paul Knight
- Department of Anesthesiology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
| | - Randall J. Smith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
| | - Stelios T. Andreadis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
- Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Anders P. Hakansson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
- Division of Experimental Infection Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Malmö SE-20502, Sweden
| | - Charles H. Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc., Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
- Corresponding author. (C.H.J.); (B.A.P.)
| | - Blaine A. Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc., Buffalo, NY 14260–4200, USA
- Corresponding author. (C.H.J.); (B.A.P.)
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Li Y, Hill A, Beitelshees M, Shao S, Lovell JF, Davidson BA, Knight PR, Hakansson AP, Pfeifer BA, Jones CH. Directed vaccination against pneumococcal disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:6898-903. [PMID: 27274071 PMCID: PMC4922154 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1603007113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunization strategies against commensal bacterial pathogens have long focused on eradicating asymptomatic carriage as well as disease, resulting in changes in the colonizing microflora with unknown future consequences. Additionally, current vaccines are not easily adaptable to sequence diversity and immune evasion. Here, we present a "smart" vaccine that leverages our current understanding of disease transition from bacterial carriage to infection with the pneumococcus serving as a model organism. Using conserved surface proteins highly expressed during virulent transition, the vaccine mounts an immune response specifically against disease-causing bacterial populations without affecting carriage. Aided by a delivery technology capable of multivalent surface display, which can be adapted easily to a changing clinical picture, results include complete protection against the development of pneumonia and sepsis during animal challenge experiments with multiple, highly variable, and clinically relevant pneumococcal isolates. The approach thus offers a unique and dynamic treatment option readily adaptable to other commensal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | | | - Marie Beitelshees
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Shuai Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Bruce A Davidson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Paul R Knight
- Department of Anesthesiology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260
| | - Anders P Hakansson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260; Division of Experimental Infection Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 00 Malmo, Sweden
| | - Blaine A Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260; Abcombi Biosciences Inc., Buffalo, NY 14260;
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Hill AB, Chen M, Chen CK, Pfeifer BA, Jones CH. Overcoming Gene-Delivery Hurdles: Physiological Considerations for Nonviral Vectors. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:91-105. [PMID: 26727153 PMCID: PMC5800990 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
With the use of contemporary tools and techniques, it has become possible to more precisely tune the biochemical mechanisms associated with using nonviral vectors for gene delivery. Consequently, nonviral vectors can incorporate numerous vector compositions and types of genetic cargo to develop diverse genetic therapies. Despite these advantages, gene-delivery strategies using nonviral vectors have poorly translated into clinical success due to preclinical experimental design considerations that inadequately predict therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, the manufacturing and distribution processes are critical considerations for clinical application that should be considered when developing therapeutic platforms. In this review, we evaluate potential avenues towards improving the transition of gene-delivery technologies from in vitro assessment to human clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Hill
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc, Buffalo, NY, USA; McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, BY, USA
| | - Chih-Kuang Chen
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Blaine A Pfeifer
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, BY, USA.
| | - Charles H Jones
- Abcombi Biosciences Inc, Buffalo, NY, USA; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, BY, USA.
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18
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Jones CH, Hill A, Chen M, Pfeifer BA. Contemporary approaches for nonviral gene therapy. Discov Med 2015; 19:447-54. [PMID: 26175402 PMCID: PMC9892924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy is the manipulation of gene expression patterns in specific cells to treat genetic and pathological diseases. This manipulation is accomplished by the controlled introduction of exogenous nucleic acids into target cells. Given the size and negative charge of these biomacromolecules, the delivery process is driven by the carrier vector, of which the usage of viral vectors dominates. Taking into account the limitations of viral vectors, nonviral alternatives have gained significant attention due to their flexible design, low cytotoxicity and immunogenicity, and their gene delivery efficacy. That stated, the field of nonviral vectors has been dominated by research dedicated to overcoming barriers in gene transfer. Unfortunately, these traditional nonviral vectors have failed to completely overcome the barriers required for clinical translation and thus, have failed to match the delivery outcomes of viral vector. This has consequently encouraged the development of new, more radical approaches that have the potential for higher clinical translation. In this review, we discuss recent advances in vector technology and nucleic acid chemistry that have challenged the current understanding of nonviral systems. The diversity of these approaches highlights the numerous alternative avenues for overcoming innate and technical barriers associated with gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H. Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Andrew Hill
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Blaine A. Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA,Corresponding authors. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA, Phone: 716-645-1198, Fax: 716-645-3822.
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19
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Jones CH, Gollakota A, Chen M, Chung TC, Ravikrishnan A, Zhang G, Pfeifer BA. Influence of molecular weight upon mannosylated bio-synthetic hybrids for targeted antigen presenting cell gene delivery. Biomaterials 2015; 58:103-11. [PMID: 25941787 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Given the rise of antibiotic resistant microbes, genetic vaccination is a promising prophylactic strategy that enables rapid design and manufacture. Facilitating this process is the choice of vector, which is often situationally-specific and limited in engineering capacity. Furthermore, these shortcomings are usually tied to an incomplete understanding of the structure-function relationships driving vector-mediated gene delivery. Building upon our initial report of a hybrid bacterial-biomaterial gene delivery vector, a comprehensive structure-function assessment was completed using a class of mannosylated poly(beta-amino esters). Through a top-down screening methodology, an ideal polymer was selected on the basis of gene delivery efficacy and then used for the synthesis of a stratified molecular weight polymer library. By eliminating contributions of polymer chemical background, we were able to complete an in-depth assessment of gene delivery as a function of (1) polymer molecular weight, (2) relative mannose content, (3) polymer-membrane biophysical properties, (4) APC uptake specificity, and (5) serum inhibition. In summary, the flexibility and potential of the hybrid design featured in this work highlights the ability to systematically probe vector-associated properties for the development of translational gene delivery candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Akhila Gollakota
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Tai-Chun Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Anitha Ravikrishnan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Guojian Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Blaine A Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA.
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20
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Jones CH, Chen M, Gollakota A, Ravikrishnan A, Zhang G, Lin S, Tan M, Cheng C, Lin H, Pfeifer BA. Structure-Function Assessment of Mannosylated Poly(β-amino esters) upon Targeted Antigen Presenting Cell Gene Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:1534-41. [PMID: 25848953 PMCID: PMC9898688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Antigen presenting cell (APC) gene delivery is a promising avenue for modulating immunological outcomes toward a desired state. Recently, our group developed a delivery methodology to elicit targeted and elevated levels of APC-mediated gene delivery. During these initial studies, we observed APC-specific structure-function relationships with the vectors used during gene delivery that differ from current non-APC cell lines, thus, emphasizing a need to re-evaluate vector-associated parameters in the context of APC gene transfer. Thus, we describe the synthesis and characterization of a second-generation mannosylated poly(β-amino ester) library stratified by molecular weight. To better understand the APC-specific structure-function relationships governing polymeric gene delivery, the library was systematically characterized by (1) polymer molecular weight, (2) relative mannose content, (3) polyplex biophysical properties, and (4) gene delivery efficacy. In this library, polymers with the lowest molecular weight and highest relative mannose content possessed gene delivery transfection efficiencies as good as or better than commercial controls. Among this group, the most effective polymers formed the smallest polymer-plasmid DNA complexes (∼300 nm) with moderate charge densities (<10 mV). This convergence in polymer structure and polyplex biophysical properties suggests a unique mode of action and provides a framework within which future APC-targeting polymers can be designed.
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21
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Chung TC, Jones CH, Gollakota A, Ahmadi MK, Rane S, Zhang G, Pfeifer BA. Improved Escherichia coli Bactofection and Cytotoxicity by Heterologous Expression of Bacteriophage ΦX174 Lysis Gene E. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:1691-700. [PMID: 25849744 PMCID: PMC9896019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bactofection offers a gene delivery option particularly useful in the context of immune modulation. The bacterial host naturally attracts recognition and cellular uptake by antigen presenting cells (APCs) as the initial step in triggering an immune response. Moreover, depending on the bacterial vector, molecular biology tools are available to influence and/or overcome additional steps and barriers to effective antigen presentation. In this work, molecular engineering was applied using Escherichia coli as a bactofection vector. In particular, the bacteriophage ΦX174 lysis E (LyE) gene was designed for variable expression across strains containing different levels of lysteriolysin O (LLO). The objective was to generate a bacterial vector with improved attenuation and delivery characteristics. The resulting strains exhibited enhanced gene and protein release and inducible cellular death. In addition, the new vectors demonstrated improved gene delivery and cytotoxicity profiles to RAW264.7 macrophage APCs.
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22
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Jones CH, Chen CK, Chen M, Ravikrishnan A, Zhang H, Gollakota A, Chung T, Cheng C, Pfeifer BA. PEGylated cationic polylactides for hybrid biosynthetic gene delivery. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:846-56. [PMID: 25625426 PMCID: PMC9893229 DOI: 10.1021/mp500683c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Genetic vaccination is predicated on the underlying principle that diseases can be prevented by the controlled introduction of genetic material encoding antigenic proteins from pathogenic organisms to elicit the formation of protective immune responses. Driving this process is the choice of carrier that is responsible for navigating the obstacles associated with gene delivery. In this work, we expand upon a novel class of hybrid biosynthetic gene delivery vectors that are composed of a biomaterial outer coating and a bacterial (Escherichia coli) inner core. Specifically, a series of newly developed biodegradable cationic polylactides (CPLAs) and their PEGylated variants were selected to investigate the role of low polydispersity index (PDI), charge density, and PEGylation upon hybrid vector assembly and gene delivery efficacy. Upon assembly, hybrid vectors mediated increased gene delivery beyond that of the individual bacterial vector in isolation, including assays with increasing medium protein content to highlight shielding properties afforded by the PEG-functionalized CPLA component. Furthermore, after extensive characterization of surface deposition of the polymer, results prompted a new model for describing hybrid vector assembly that includes cellular coating and penetration of the CPLA component. In summary, these results provide new options and insight toward the assembly and application of next-generation hybrid biosynthetic gene delivery vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H. Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States
| | - Chih-Kuang Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States,Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States
| | - Anitha Ravikrishnan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States
| | - Hanguang Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States
| | - Akhila Gollakota
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States
| | - Taichun Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States
| | - Chong Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States
| | - Blaine A. Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, United States,Corresponding Author: Phone: 716-645-1198. Fax: 716-645-3822.
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23
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Pepper C, Buggins AGS, Jones CH, Walsby EJ, Forconi F, Pratt G, Devereux S, Stevenson FK, Fegan C. Phenotypic heterogeneity in IGHV-mutated CLL patients has prognostic impact and identifies a subset with increased sensitivity to BTK and PI3Kδ inhibition. Leukemia 2014; 29:744-7. [PMID: 25349153 PMCID: PMC4360209 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2014.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Pepper
- Cardiff CLL Research Group, Institute of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - A G S Buggins
- Department of Haematology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C H Jones
- Cardiff CLL Research Group, Institute of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - E J Walsby
- Cardiff CLL Research Group, Institute of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - F Forconi
- Cancer Sciences Unit, CRUK Clinical Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - G Pratt
- CRUK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Devereux
- Department of Haematology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F K Stevenson
- Cancer Sciences Unit, CRUK Clinical Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C Fegan
- Cardiff CLL Research Group, Institute of Cancer & Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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24
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Jones CH, Chen M, Ravikrishnan A, Reddinger R, Zhang G, Hakansson AP, Pfeifer BA. Mannosylated poly(beta-amino esters) for targeted antigen presenting cell immune modulation. Biomaterials 2014; 37:333-44. [PMID: 25453962 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Given the rise of antibiotic resistance and other difficult-to-treat diseases, genetic vaccination is a promising preventative approach that can be tailored and scaled according to the vector chosen for gene delivery. However, most vectors currently utilized rely on ubiquitous delivery mechanisms that ineffectively target important immune effectors such as antigen presenting cells (APCs). As such, APC targeting allows the option for tuning the direction (humoral vs cell-mediated) and strength of the resulting immune responses. In this work, we present the development and assessment of a library of mannosylated poly(beta-amino esters) (PBAEs) that represent a new class of easily synthesized APC-targeting cationic polymers. Polymeric characterization and assessment methodologies were designed to provide a more realistic physiochemical profile prior to in vivo evaluation. Gene delivery assessment in vitro showed significant improvement upon PBAE mannosylation and suggested that mannose-mediated uptake and processing influence the magnitude of gene delivery. Furthermore, mannosylated PBAEs demonstrated a strong, efficient, and safe in vivo humoral immune response without use of adjuvants when compared to genetic and protein control antigens. In summary, the gene delivery effectiveness provided by mannosylated PBAE vectors offers specificity and potency in directing APC activation and subsequent immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Mingfu Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Anitha Ravikrishnan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Ryan Reddinger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Guojian Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Anders P Hakansson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA; The Witebsky Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Blaine A Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA.
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25
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Jones CH, Hakansson AP, Pfeifer BA. Biomaterials at the interface of nano- and micro-scale vector-cellular interactions in genetic vaccine design. J Mater Chem B 2014; 46:8053-8068. [PMID: 29887986 PMCID: PMC5990286 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01058b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The development of safe and effective vaccines for the prevention of elusive infectious diseases remains a public health priority. Immunization, characterized by adaptive immune responses to specific antigens, can be raised by an array of delivery vectors. However, current commercial vaccination strategies are predicated on the retooling of archaic technology. This review will discuss current and emerging strategies designed to elicit immune responses in the context of genetic vaccination. Selected strategies at the biomaterial-biological interface will be emphasized to illustrate the potential of coupling both fields towards a common goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Anders P Hakansson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
- The Witebsky Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Blaine A Pfeifer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200, USA
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26
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Jones CH, Ravikrishnan A, Chen M, Reddinger R, Kamal Ahmadi M, Rane S, Hakansson AP, Pfeifer BA. Hybrid biosynthetic gene therapy vector development and dual engineering capacity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:12360-5. [PMID: 25114239 PMCID: PMC4151754 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1411355111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic vaccines offer a treatment opportunity based upon successful gene delivery to specific immune cell modulators. Driving the process is the vector chosen for gene cargo packaging and subsequent delivery to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) capable of triggering an immune cascade. As such, the delivery process must successfully navigate a series of requirements and obstacles associated with the chosen vector and target cell. In this work, we present the development and assessment of a hybrid gene delivery vector containing biological and biomaterial components. Each component was chosen to design and engineer gene delivery separately in a complimentary and fundamentally distinct fashion. A bacterial (Escherichia coli) inner core and a biomaterial [poly(beta-amino ester)]-coated outer surface allowed the simultaneous application of molecular biology and polymer chemistry to address barriers associated with APC gene delivery, which include cellular uptake and internalization, phagosomal escape, and intracellular cargo concentration. The approach combined and synergized normally disparate vector properties and tools, resulting in increased in vitro gene delivery beyond individual vector components or commercially available transfection agents. Furthermore, the hybrid device demonstrated a strong, efficient, and safe in vivo humoral immune response compared with traditional forms of antigen delivery. In summary, the flexibility, diversity, and potential of the hybrid design were developed and featured in this work as a platform for multivariate engineering at the vector and cellular scales for new applications in gene delivery immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mingfu Chen
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering and
| | | | | | - Snehal Rane
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering and
| | - Anders P Hakansson
- Microbiology and Immunology, and The Witebsky Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260-4200
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27
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Chen CK, Wang Q, Jones CH, Yu Y, Zhang H, Law WC, Lai CK, Zeng Q, Prasad PN, Pfeifer BA, Cheng C. Synthesis of pH-responsive chitosan nanocapsules for the controlled delivery of doxorubicin. Langmuir 2014; 30:4111-4119. [PMID: 24665861 DOI: 10.1021/la4040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined chitosan nanocapsules (CSNCs) with tunable sizes were synthesized through the interfacial cross-linking of N-maleoyl-functionalized chitosan (MCS) in miniemulsions, and their application in the delivery of doxorubicin (Dox) was investigated. MCS was prepared by the amidation reaction of CS with maleic anhydride in water/DMSO at 65 °C for 20 h. Subsequently, thiol-ene cross-linking was conducted in oil-in-water miniemulsions at room temperature under UV irradiation for 1 h, using MCS as both a surfactant and precursor polymer, 1,4-butanediol bis(3-mercapto-propionate) as a cross-linker, and D-α-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 succinate as a cosurfactant. With the increase in cosurfactant concentration in the reaction systems, the sizes of the resulting CSNCs decreased steadily. Dox-loaded CSNCs were readily prepared by in situ encapsulation of Dox during miniemulsion cross-linking. With acid-labile β-thiopropionate cross-linkages, the Dox-loaded CSNCs demonstrated a faster release rate under acidic conditions. Relative to free Dox, Dox-loaded CSNCs exhibited enhanced cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 breast cancer cells without any noticeable cytotoxicity from empty CSNCs. The effective delivery of Dox to MCF-7 breast cancer cells via Dox-loaded CSNCs was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kuang Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and ‡Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York , Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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Jones CH, Rane S, Patt E, Ravikrishnan A, Chen CK, Cheng C, Pfeifer BA. Polymyxin B treatment improves bactofection efficacy and reduces cytotoxicity. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:4301-8. [PMID: 24093973 DOI: 10.1021/mp4003927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Improvements to bacterial vectors have resulted in nonviral gene therapy vehicles that are easily prepared and can achieve high levels of transfection efficacy. However, these vectors are plagued by potential cytotoxicity and immunogenicity, prompting means of attenuation to reduce unwanted biological outcomes while maintaining transfection efficiency. In this study, listeriolysin O (LLO) producing Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) strains were pretreated with polymyxin B (PLB), a pore-forming antibiotic, and tested as a delivery vector for gene transfer to a murine RAW264.7 macrophage cell line using a 96-well high-throughput assay. PLB treatment resulted in statistically significant higher levels of gene delivery and lower cytotoxicity. The results suggest a fine balance between bacterial cellular damage, heightened gene and protein release, and increased mammalian cell gene delivery. Overall, the approach presented provides a simple and effective way to enhance bacterial gene delivery while simultaneously reducing unwanted outcomes as a function of using a biological vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York , Buffalo, New York, 14260-4200 United States
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29
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Abstract
A key end goal of gene delivery research is to develop clinically relevant vectors that can be used to combat elusive diseases such as AIDS. Despite promising engineering strategies, efficiency and ultimately gene modulation efficacy of nonviral vectors have been hindered by numerous in vitro and in vivo barriers that have resulted in subviral performance. In this perspective, we concentrate on the gene delivery barriers associated with the two most common classes of nonviral vectors, cationic-based lipids and polymers. We present the existing delivery barriers and summarize current vector-specific strategies to overcome said barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York , Buffalo, New York, 14260-4200, United States
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Chen CK, Jones CH, Mistriotis P, Yu Y, Ma X, Ravikrishnan A, Jiang M, Andreadis ST, Pfeifer BA, Cheng C. Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-cationic polylactide nanocomplexes of differing charge density for gene delivery. Biomaterials 2013; 34:9688-99. [PMID: 24034497 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Representing a new type of biodegradable cationic block copolymer, well-defined poly(ethylene glycol)-block-cationic polylactides (PEG-b-CPLAs) with tertiary amine-based cationic groups were synthesized by thiol-ene functionalization of an allyl-functionalized diblock precursor. Subsequently the application of PEG-b-CPLAs as biodegradable vectors for the delivery of plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) was investigated. Via the formation of PEG-b-CPLA:pDNA nanocomplexes by spontaneous electrostatic interaction, pDNAs encoding luciferase or enhanced green fluorescent protein were successfully delivered to four physiologically distinct cell lines (including macrophage, fibroblast, epithelial, and stem cell). Formulated nanocomplexes demonstrated high levels of transfection with low levels of cytotoxicity and hemolysis when compared to a positive control. Biophysical characterization of charge densities of nanocomplexes at various polymer:pDNA weight ratios revealed a positive correlation between surface charge and gene delivery. Nanocomplexes with high surface charge densities were utilized in an in vitro serum gene delivery inhibition assay, and effective gene delivery was observed despite high levels of serum. Overall, these results help to elucidate the influence of charge, size, and PEGylation of nanocomplexes upon the delivery of nucleic acids in physiologically relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kuang Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260, USA
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Jones CH, Chen CK, Jiang M, Fang L, Cheng C, Pfeifer BA. Synthesis of cationic polylactides with tunable charge densities as nanocarriers for effective gene delivery. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:1138-45. [PMID: 23339525 DOI: 10.1021/mp300666s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined cationic polylactides (CPLAs) with tertiary amine groups were synthesized by thiol-ene click functionalization of an allyl-functionalized polylactide to yield polymers with tunable charge densities. CPLAs have not previously been utilized in the context of DNA delivery. Thus, plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding luciferase was delivered to two physiologically distinct cell lines (macrophage and fibroblast) via formation of CPLA/pDNA polyplexes by electrostatic interaction. The formulated polyplexes demonstrated high levels of transfection with low levels of cytotoxicity when compared to a positive control. Biophysical characterization of charge densities at various CPLA/pDNA weight ratios revealed a positive correlation between surface charge and gene delivery. Overall, these results help to elucidate the influence of polyplex charge and size upon the delivery of nucleic acid and support future gene delivery applications using this next-generation biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H Jones
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-4200, USA
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Bradford PA, Petersen PJ, Tuckman M, Jones CH. In vitro activity of tigecycline and occurrence of tetracycline resistance determinants in isolates from patients enrolled in phase 3 clinical trials for community-acquired pneumonia. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14:882-6. [PMID: 18844692 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02063.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro activity of tigecycline was evaluated against baseline pathogens isolated from patients enrolled in phase 3 clinical trials for community-acquired pneumonia conducted in 29 countries worldwide. Tigecycline was active against the most prevalent pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC(90) 0.06 mg/L), Staphylococcus aureus (MIC(90) 0.25 mg/L), Haemophilus influenzae (MIC(90) 0.5 mg/L) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC(90) 1 mg/L). Twelve isolates of S. pneumoniae expressing tet(M) and two isolates of K. pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases isolated during the study were susceptible to tigecycline. The excellent in vitro activity of tigecycline against these clinical isolates confirmed its potential utility against pathogens associated with community-acquired pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Bradford
- Infectious Diseases Discovery Research, Wyeth Research, Pearl River, NY 10965, USA.
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Stoves J, Goode NP, Visvanathan R, Jones CH, Shires M, Will EJ, Davison AM. The bradykinin response and early hypotension at the introduction of continuous renal replacement therapy in the intensive care unit. Artif Organs 2001; 25:1009-13. [PMID: 11843770 DOI: 10.1046/j.1525-1594.2001.06703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the relationship of certain clinical variables (including bradykinin [BK] release and dialysis membrane) to initial mean arterial pressure (MAP) reduction in 47 patients requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in an intensive care unit. The pretreatment MAP was 84 +/- 14 mm Hg for the group as a whole. The initial MAP reduction was 11.5 (7-20) mm Hg, occurring 4 to 8 min after connection. MAP reduction was 9 (6-15) mm Hg with polyacryonitrile (PAN) membranes versus 14 (5-19) mm Hg with polysulfone (PS) (not significant). There were positive correlations between MAP reduction and BK concentration at 3 (BK3; r = 0.58, p < 0.01) and 6 (BK6; r = 0.67, p < 0.001) min with PAN but not with PS. A greater reduction in MAP was seen in patients who were not receiving inotropic support (Mann-Whitney test, p < 0.01). BK3 and BK6 values for the PAN and PS groups were not significantly different. However, BK concentrations greater than 1,000 pg/ml were only seen with PAN (6 patients, MAP reduction 27 [17-31] mm Hg). There were positive (albumin) and negative (age; acute physiology, age, and chronic health evaluation score; C-reactive protein [CRP]; calcium) correlations with BK3/BK6 in the PAN and PS groups, some of which (albumin, CRP) reached statistical significance. In summary, MAP reduction at the start of CRRT correlates with BK concentration. The similarity of response with PAN and PS suggests an importance for other clinical factors. In this study, hemodynamic instability was more likely in patients with evidence of a less severe inflammatory or septic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stoves
- Department of Renal Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Jones CH, Bolken TC, Jones KF, Zeller GO, Hruby DE. Conserved DegP protease in gram-positive bacteria is essential for thermal and oxidative tolerance and full virulence in Streptococcus pyogenes. Infect Immun 2001; 69:5538-45. [PMID: 11500427 PMCID: PMC98667 DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.9.5538-5545.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The DegP protease, a multifunctional chaperone and protease, has been shown to be essential for virulence in gram-negative pathogens such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Brucella abortus, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The function of DegP in pathogenesis appears to be the degradation of damaged proteins that accumulate as a result of the initial host response to infection, which includes the release of reactive oxygen intermediates. Additionally, the DegP protease plays a major role in monitoring and maintaining the Escherichia coli periplasm and influences E. coli pilus biogenesis. We report here the identification of highly homologous enzymes in Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. Moreover, the phenotype of an insertionally inactivated degP allele in S. pyogenes is similar to that reported for E. coli, with temperature sensitivity for growth and enhanced sensitivity to reactive oxygen intermediates. Virulence studies in a mouse model of streptococcal infection indicate that a functional DegP protease is required for full virulence. These results suggest DegP as an attractive broad-spectrum target for future anti-infective drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Jones
- SIGA Research Laboratories, SIGA Technologies, Inc., Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA.
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Jones CH. Serum albumin--a marker of fluid overload in dialysis patients? J Ren Nutr 2001; 11:59-61. [PMID: 11295024 DOI: 10.1016/s1051-2276(01)80543-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Bolken TC, Franke CA, Jones KF, Zeller GO, Jones CH, Dutton EK, Hruby DE. Inactivation of the srtA gene in Streptococcus gordonii inhibits cell wall anchoring of surface proteins and decreases in vitro and in vivo adhesion. Infect Immun 2001; 69:75-80. [PMID: 11119491 PMCID: PMC97857 DOI: 10.1128/iai.69.1.75-80.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2000] [Accepted: 09/27/2000] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The srtA gene product, SrtA, has been shown to be required for cell wall anchoring of protein A as well as virulence in the pathogenic bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. There are five major mechanisms for displaying proteins at the surface of gram-positive bacteria (P. Cossart and R. Jonquieres, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97:5013-5015, 2000). However, since many of the known surface proteins of gram-positive bacteria are believed to be exported and anchored via the sortase pathway, it was of interest to determine if srtA plays a similar role in other gram-positive bacteria. To that end, the srtA gene in the human oral commensal organism Streptococcus gordonii was insertionally inactivated. The srtA mutant S. gordonii exhibited a marked reduction in quantity of a specific anchored surface protein. Furthermore, the srtA mutant had reduced binding to immobilized human fibronectin and had a decreased ability to colonize the oral mucosa of mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the activity of SrtA plays an important role in the biology of nonpathogenic as well as pathogenic gram-positive cocci.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Bolken
- Siga Research Laboratories, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA
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Abstract
Pruritus is a distressing symptom affecting up to 90% of dialysis patients. Conventional treatment with antihistamines is often ineffective and may have unacceptable side effects. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 [5-HT(3)]) is known to enhance pain perception and pruritic symptoms through receptors on sensory nerve endings. Antagonism of 5-HT(3) receptors may be of use in treating uremic pruritus. We randomly assigned 16 hemodialysis patients with persistent pruritus to treatment with the 5-HT(3)-receptor antagonist, ondansetron (8 mg), or placebo three times daily for 2 weeks each in a prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study. Patients scored their intensity of pruritus daily on a 0-to-10 visual analogue scale (0 = no pruritus, 10 = maximal pruritus), and daily use of antihistamines as escape medication was recorded. The median daily pruritus score did not change significantly during active or placebo treatment (preondansetron, 5. 3; interquartile range [IQR], 3.4 to 6.3; during ondansetron, 3.9; IQR, 2.7 to 5.0; P = not significant; preplacebo, 3.7; IQR, 3.0 to 4. 6; during placebo, 3.6; IQR, 2.4 to 4.8; P = not significant). The median daily percentage of escape medication use decreased from 21% (IQR, 9 to 61) to 9% (IQR, 0 to 33) with ondansetron (P = not significant) and from 53% (IQR, 0 to 88) to 5% (IQR, 0 to 31) with placebo (P = not significant). There was no difference in predialysis biochemistry test results or dialysis efficacy during treatment phases. Ondansetron does not improve pruritus in hemodialysis patients. Use of antihistamines decreased with both ondansetron and placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Ashmore
- Departments of Pharmacy and Renal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Richardson D, Bartlett C, Goutcher E, Jones CH, Davison AM, Will EJ. Erythropoietin resistance due to dialysate chloramine: the two-way traffic of solutes in haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14:2625-7. [PMID: 10534502 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/14.11.2625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jones CH, Smith M, Henderson MJ, Will EJ, Davison AM, Newstead CG. Fasting plasma amino acids are not normalized by 12-month amino acid-based dialysate in CAPD patients. ARCH ESP UROL 1999; 19:174-7. [PMID: 10357192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C H Jones
- Department of Renal Medicine, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds, W. Yorkshire, United Kingdom
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Jones CH, Will EJ. Coexistent renal and heart failure: the importance of recognizing 'congestive cardio-renal failure'. Hosp Med 1999; 60:62-4. [PMID: 10197103 DOI: 10.12968/hosp.1999.60.1.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The coexistence of heart disease and renal failure is common in clinical practice (Packer et al, 1986). The pathophysiology of both conditions results in sodium and water retention. In accordance with Starling's law, cardiac function decreases once an optimum left ventricular end diastolic volume is exceeded, such that the dysfunctional heart will perform even less well when challenged by salt and water retention secondary to intrinsic renal disease. The differentiation between end stage heart disease and the failing heart that is exposed to salt and water overload in renal failure is important, both for determining clinical management and prognosis (Braunwald, 1991).
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Jones
- Department of Renal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds
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Davison AM, Jones CH. Acute interstitial nephritis in the elderly: a report from the UK MRC Glomerulonephritis Register and a review of the literature. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13 Suppl 7:12-6. [PMID: 9870431 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/13.suppl_7.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A M Davison
- Department of Renal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Soto GE, Dodson KW, Ogg D, Liu C, Heuser J, Knight S, Kihlberg J, Jones CH, Hultgren SJ. Periplasmic chaperone recognition motif of subunits mediates quaternary interactions in the pilus. EMBO J 1998; 17:6155-67. [PMID: 9799225 PMCID: PMC1170942 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/17.21.6155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The class of proteins collectively known as periplasmic immunoglobulin-like chaperones play an essential role in the assembly of a diverse set of adhesive organelles used by pathogenic strains of Gram-negative bacteria. Herein, we present a combination of genetic and structural data that sheds new light on chaperone-subunit and subunit-subunit interactions in the prototypical P pilus system, and provides new insights into how PapD controls pilus biogenesis. New crystallographic data of PapD with the C-terminal fragment of a subunit suggest a mechanism for how periplasmic chaperones mediate the extraction of pilus subunits from the inner membrane, a prerequisite step for subunit folding. In addition, the conserved N- and C-terminal regions of pilus subunits are shown to participate in the quaternary interactions of the mature pilus following their uncapping by the chaperone. By coupling the folding of subunit proteins to the capping of their nascent assembly surfaces, periplasmic chaperones are thereby able to protect pilus subunits from premature oligomerization until their delivery to the outer membrane assembly site.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Soto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Jones CH, Richardson D, Ayers S, Newstead CG, Will EJ, Davison AM. Percentage hypochromic red cells and the response to intravenous iron therapy in anaemic haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13:2873-6. [PMID: 9829493 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/13.11.2873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Iron deficiency is commonly encountered in haemodialysis (HD) patients and may be overcome by i.v. iron therapy. We have examined the percentage hypochromic red cells (%HRC) for predicting response to i.v. iron in subjects with a low serum ferritin. METHODS Prospective study of i.v. iron saccharate (trivalent iron 200 mg/week for 8 weeks) in anaemic (Hb < 10 g/dl) HD patients with serum ferritin < 100 microg/l despite oral iron therapy. Response to i.v. iron was assessed by comparing Hb at 0 and 8 weeks according to %HRC at baseline (0-3%, 4-9%, > or = 10%). Results are mean+/-1 SD. RESULTS For all subjects (n=82), Hb and ferritin increased between 0 and 8 weeks (8.9+/-1.0 to 10.1+/-1.4, P<0.0001; 55+/-24 to 288+/-126, P<0.0001). Patients were stratified into three groups according to %HRC at baseline (0-3%, 4-9%, > or = 10%). Hb increased significantly in all three groups. The mean increase in Hb was greater (0-3%, 0.6+/-1.2; 4-9%, 1.2+/-1.0; > or = 10%, 1.6+/-1.4; P=0.02) and the proportion of patients showing a > or = 1 g/dl increase in Hb was greater (0-3%, 27%; 4-9%, 57%; > or = 10%, 67%; P=0.02) in those with the largest %HRC pre-treatment. CONCLUSION Intravenous iron therapy is effective in improving Hb in anaemic HD patients with a low ferritin. However, the magnitude of this response and the proportion of patients responding is related to the percentage hypochromic red cells prior to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Jones
- Department of Renal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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Jones CH. The orthopaedic-nephrology interface. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998; 13:2685-6. [PMID: 9794591 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/13.10.2685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C H Jones
- Department of Renal Medicine, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
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