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Barua S, Conte S, Cherrett C, Robson D, Bragg C, MacDonald P, Muthiah K, Hayward C. Major Adverse Kidney Events is a Predictor of Reduced Survival in Patients Supported with Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Barua S, Yang T, Conte S, Bragg C, Macdonald P, Muthiah K, Hayward C. Value of Renal Histology for Predicting Cardiorenal Outcomes in Patients Listed for Cardiac Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Conte S, Barua S, Cherrett C, Adji A, Engelman J, Robson D, Bragg C, Kearney K, Jain P, Macdonald P, Muthiah K, Hayward C. Flow Pulsatility and Outcomes in Continuous-Flow Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Conte S, Scheuer S, Emmanuel S, Bragg C, Hayward C, Granger E, Macdonald P, Jansz P. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Primary Graft Failure Following Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Barua S, Conte S, Cherrett C, Adji A, Engelman J, Robson D, Kearney K, Bragg C, Jain P, Schnegg B, Macdonald P, Muthiah K, Hayward C. Predictors of Worsening Renal Function in Patients Supported with Ventricular Assist Devices. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Leslie J, Macia MG, Luli S, Worrell JC, Reilly WJ, Paish HL, Knox A, Barksby BS, Gee LM, Zaki MYW, Collins AL, Burgoyne RA, Cameron R, Bragg C, Xu X, Chung GW, Brown CDA, Blanchard AD, Nanthakumar CB, Karsdal M, Robinson SM, Manas DM, Sen G, French J, White SA, Murphy S, Trost M, Zakrzewski JL, Klein U, Schwabe RF, Mederacke I, Nixon C, Bird T, Teuwen LA, Schoonjans L, Carmeliet P, Mann J, Fisher AJ, Sheerin NS, Borthwick LA, Mann DA, Oakley F. Author Correction: c-Rel orchestrates energy-dependent epithelial and macrophage reprogramming in fibrosis. Nat Metab 2021; 3:118-119. [PMID: 33303984 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00326-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Marina García Macia
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julie C Worrell
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - William J Reilly
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hannah L Paish
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amber Knox
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ben S Barksby
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lucy M Gee
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marco Y W Zaki
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Amy L Collins
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rachel A Burgoyne
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rainie Cameron
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Charlotte Bragg
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Xin Xu
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Git W Chung
- Newcells Biotech, The Biosphere, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Colin D A Brown
- Newcells Biotech, The Biosphere, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew D Blanchard
- Fibrosis Discovery Performance Unit, Respiratory Therapy Area, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - Carmel B Nanthakumar
- Fibrosis Discovery Performance Unit, Respiratory Therapy Area, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - Morten Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stuart M Robinson
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek M Manas
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gourab Sen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jeremy French
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Steven A White
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sandra Murphy
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Matthias Trost
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Johannes L Zakrzewski
- Center for Discovery and Innovation and John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Ulf Klein
- Division of Haematology & Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Ingmar Mederacke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tom Bird
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laure-Anne Teuwen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jelena Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew J Fisher
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Neil S Sheerin
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lee A Borthwick
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Leslie J, Macia MG, Luli S, Worrell JC, Reilly WJ, Paish HL, Knox A, Barksby BS, Gee LM, Zaki MYW, Collins AL, Burgoyne RA, Cameron R, Bragg C, Xu X, Chung GW, Brown CDA, Blanchard AD, Nanthakumar CB, Karsdal M, Robinson SM, Manas DM, Sen G, French J, White SA, Murphy S, Trost M, Zakrzewski JL, Klein U, Schwabe RF, Mederacke I, Nixon C, Bird T, Teuwen LA, Schoonjans L, Carmeliet P, Mann J, Fisher AJ, Sheerin NS, Borthwick LA, Mann DA, Oakley F. c-Rel orchestrates energy-dependent epithelial and macrophage reprogramming in fibrosis. Nat Metab 2020; 2:1350-1367. [PMID: 33168981 PMCID: PMC7116435 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00306-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathological feature of chronic disease. Deletion of the NF-κB subunit c-Rel limits fibrosis in multiple organs, although the mechanistic nature of this protection is unresolved. Using cell-specific gene-targeting manipulations in mice undergoing liver damage, we elucidate a critical role for c-Rel in controlling metabolic changes required for inflammatory and fibrogenic activities of hepatocytes and macrophages and identify Pfkfb3 as the key downstream metabolic mediator of this response. Independent deletions of Rel in hepatocytes or macrophages suppressed liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride, while combined deletion had an additive anti-fibrogenic effect. In transforming growth factor-β1-induced hepatocytes, c-Rel regulates expression of a pro-fibrogenic secretome comprising inflammatory molecules and connective tissue growth factor, the latter promoting collagen secretion from HMs. Macrophages lacking c-Rel fail to polarize to M1 or M2 states, explaining reduced fibrosis in RelΔLysM mice. Pharmacological inhibition of c-Rel attenuated multi-organ fibrosis in both murine and human fibrosis. In conclusion, activation of c-Rel/Pfkfb3 in damaged tissue instigates a paracrine signalling network among epithelial, myeloid and mesenchymal cells to stimulate fibrogenesis. Targeting the c-Rel-Pfkfb3 axis has potential for therapeutic applications in fibrotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Marina García Macia
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Julie C Worrell
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - William J Reilly
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hannah L Paish
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amber Knox
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ben S Barksby
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lucy M Gee
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Marco Y W Zaki
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Amy L Collins
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rachel A Burgoyne
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rainie Cameron
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Charlotte Bragg
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Xin Xu
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Git W Chung
- Newcells Biotech, The Biosphere, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Colin D A Brown
- Newcells Biotech, The Biosphere, Newcastle Helix, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew D Blanchard
- Fibrosis Discovery Performance Unit, Respiratory Therapy Area, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - Carmel B Nanthakumar
- Fibrosis Discovery Performance Unit, Respiratory Therapy Area, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, UK
| | - Morten Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Biomarkers & Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Stuart M Robinson
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek M Manas
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Gourab Sen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Jeremy French
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Steven A White
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sandra Murphy
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Matthias Trost
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Johannes L Zakrzewski
- Center for Discovery and Innovation and John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Ulf Klein
- Division of Haematology & Immunology, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Ingmar Mederacke
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Colin Nixon
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tom Bird
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Garscube Estate, Glasgow, UK
- MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Laure-Anne Teuwen
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luc Schoonjans
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jelena Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew J Fisher
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Institute of Transplantation, The Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Neil S Sheerin
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Lee A Borthwick
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Derek A Mann
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Fibrofind, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Bragg C, Desbrow B, Hall S, Irwin C. Effect of meal glycaemic load and caffeine consumption on prolonged monotonous driving performance. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2017.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Humphries GRW, Bragg C, Overton J, Lyver POB, Moller H. Pattern recognition in long‐term Sooty Shearwater data: applying machine learning to create a harvest index. Ecol Appl 2014; 24:2107-2121. [PMID: 29188684 DOI: 10.1890/13-2023.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rakiura Māori (New Zealand's southernmost group of indigenous peoples) have harvested the chicks of burrow-nesting Sooty Shearwaters (Tītī; Puffinus griseus) for generations. As part of the harvest process, some families have maintained annual harvest diaries, some dating back to the 1950s. We used generalized boosted regression models, a machine-learning algorithm, to calculate a harvest index that takes into account factors that could impact the numbers of birds taken on any given hunt. For predicted vs. observed values, r2 was between 0.59 and 0.90 for the nanao (first half of the season, when chicks are harvested from burrows during the day) and 0.67 and 0.88 for the rama (second half of the season, during which chicks are harvested from the surface at night). Exploration of the controlling factors of the models revealed that “day of season” plays an important role in predicting daily harvest during the second half of the season (the rama). The nightly tally in the rama peaked approximately halfway through (10–15 days in), which is probably related to the timing of birds emerging from burrows to fledge. The models also suggested that data from the rama (when chicks are 100–120 days old) may be the most suitable for long-term monitoring of populations of Sooty Shearwaters due to consistencies in calculated harvest indices between diaries. Nanao harvest indices, although less consistent, showed patterns similar to those of the rama. When comparing these data to the harvest indices calculated by general linear models by Clucas and colleagues, we found that the agreement between both indices was r2 = 0.31 and r2 = 0.59 for the nanao and rama, respectively. The use of machine learning to correct for extraneous factors (e.g., hunting effort, skill level, or weather) and to create standardized measures could be applied to other systems such as fisheries or terrestrial resource management.
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Clucas R, Moller H, Bragg C, Fletcher D, Lyver PO, Newman J. Rakiura Māori muttonbirding diaries: monitoring trends in tītī (Puffinus griseus) abundance in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/03014223.2011.621438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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West DS, Gorin AA, Subak LL, Foster G, Bragg C, Hecht J, Schembri M, Wing RR. A motivation-focused weight loss maintenance program is an effective alternative to a skill-based approach. Int J Obes (Lond) 2010; 35:259-69. [PMID: 20680012 PMCID: PMC2974962 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2010.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective Maintaining weight loss is a major challenge in obesity treatment. Individuals often indicate that waning motivation prompts cessation of effective weight management behaviors. Therefore, a novel weight loss maintenance program that specifically targets motivational factors was evaluated. Design Overweight women (N=338; 19% African American) with urinary incontinence were randomized to lifestyle obesity treatment or control and followed for 18 months. All participants in lifestyle (N=226) received the same initial six-month group behavioral obesity treatment and were then randomized to 1) a novel motivation-focused maintenance program (N=113) or 2) a standard skill-based maintenance approach (N=113). Main Outcome Measure Weight assessed at baseline, 6, and 18 months. Results Both treatment groups (motivation-focused and skill-based) achieved comparable 18-month weight losses (−5.48% for motivation-focused vs −5.55% in skill-based, p=0.98), and both groups lost significantly more than controls (−1.51%; p=.0012 in motivation-focused and .0021 in skill-based). Conclusions A motivation-focused maintenance program offers an alternative, effective approach to weight maintenance expanding available evidence-based interventions beyond traditional skill-based programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S West
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 7205, USA.
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Moller H, Fletcher D, Johnson PN, Bell BD, Flack D, Bragg C, Scott D, Newman J, McKechnie S, Lyver PO. Changes in sooty shearwater (Puffinus griseus) abundance and harvesting on the Rakiura Titi Islands. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/03014220909510158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Henry H, Rodabough R, Bragg C, Brewer A, Freed T, Kinzel L, Pedersen M, Soule CO, Vosburg S. Additional self-monitoring tools in the dietary modification component of the women’s health initiative. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 104:76-85. [PMID: 14702588 DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2003.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Self-monitoring promotes behavior changes by promoting awareness of eating habits and creates self-efficacy. It is an important component of the Women's Health Initiative dietary intervention. During the first year of intervention, 74% of the total sample of 19,542 dietary intervention participants self-monitored. As the study progressed the self-monitoring rate declined to 59% by spring 2000. Participants were challenged by inability to accurately estimate fat content of restaurant foods and the inconvenience of carrying bulky self-monitoring tools. In 1996, a Self-Monitoring Working Group was organized to develop additional self-monitoring options that were responsive to participant needs. This article describes the original and additional self-monitoring tools and trends in tool use over time. Original tools were the Food Diary and Fat Scan. Additional tools include the Keeping Track of Goals, Quick Scan, Picture Tracker, and Eating Pattern Changes instruments. The additional tools were used by the majority of participants (5,353 of 10,260 or 52% of participants who were self-monitoring) by spring 2000. Developing self-monitoring tools that are responsive to participant needs increases the likelihood that self-monitoring can enhance dietary reporting adherence, especially in long-term clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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Stevens VJ, Obarzanek E, Cook NR, Lee IM, Appel LJ, Smith West D, Milas NC, Mattfeldt-Beman M, Belden L, Bragg C, Millstone M, Raczynski J, Brewer A, Singh B, Cohen J. Long-term weight loss and changes in blood pressure: results of the Trials of Hypertension Prevention, phase II. Ann Intern Med 2001; 134:1-11. [PMID: 11187414 DOI: 10.7326/0003-4819-134-1-200101020-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 556] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Weight loss appears to be an effective method for primary prevention of hypertension. However, the long-term effects of weight loss on blood pressure have not been extensively studied. OBJECTIVE To present detailed results from the weight loss arm of Trials of Hypertension Prevention (TOHP) II. DESIGN Multicenter, randomized dinical trial testing the efficacy of lifestyle interventions for reducing blood pressure over 3 to 4 years. Participants in TOHP II were randomly assigned to one of four groups. This report focuses only on participants assigned to the weight loss (n = 595) and usual care control (n = 596) groups. PATIENTS Men and women 30 to 54 years of age who had nonmedicated diastolic blood pressure of 83 to 89 mm Hg and systolic blood pressure less than 140 mm Hg and were 110% to 165% of their ideal body weight at baseline. INTERVENTION The weight loss intervention included a 3-year program of group meetings and individual counseling focused on dietary change, physical activity, and social support MEASUREMENTS Weight and blood pressure data were collected every 6 months by staff who were blinded to treatment assignment RESULTS Mean weight change from baseline in the intervention group was -4.4 kg at 6 months, -2.0 kg at 18 months, and -0.2 kg at 36 months. Mean weight change in the control group at the same time points was 0.1, 0.7, and 1.8 kg. Blood pressure was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group at 6, 18, and 36 months. The risk ratio for hypertension in the intervention group was 0.58 (95% CI, 0.36 to 0.94) at 6 months, 0.78 (CI, 0.62 to 1.00) at 18 months, and 0.81 (CI, 0.70 to 0.95) at 36 months. In subgroup analyses, intervention participants who lost at least 4.5 kg at 6 months and maintained this weight reduction for the next 30 months had the greatest reduction in blood pressure and a relative risk for hypertension of 0.35 (CI, 0.20 to 0.59). CONCLUSIONS Clinically significant long-term reductions in blood pressure and reduced risk for hypertension can be achieved with even modest weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- V J Stevens
- Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon 97227, USA.
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Lewcock P, Bragg C. Importance of vaccination. Vet Rec 1998; 143:668. [PMID: 9885141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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16
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Reynolds KD, Raczynski JM, Binkley D, Franklin FA, Duvall RC, Devane-Hart K, Harrington KF, Caldwell E, Jester P, Bragg C, Fouad M. Design of "High 5": a school-based study to promote fruit and vegetable consumption for reduction of cancer risk. J Cancer Educ 1998; 13:169-177. [PMID: 10898562 DOI: 10.1080/08858199809528539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper describes the methods used in "High 5," a school-based study to increase fruit and vegetable consumption for cancer risk reduction. METHODS Twenty-eight elementary schools were matched and randomized to intervention or control conditions. All students were assessed based on diet and psychosocial variables at baseline and one and two years post-baseline. The intervention included classroom, parent, and environmental components. RESULTS The study recruited 1,698 families and retained 85%. The two conditions were equivalent at baseline; 50% female students, 81% to 84% European-American students, and 2.9 servings of fruit and vegetables per day. Good completion was achieved across the intervention components (e.g., 90% of lessons taught, 72% of parent materials read, 3.6 servings of fruit and vegetables offered in cafeterias). CONCLUSIONS The use of school-based programs, with strong evaluation designs, will enhance knowledge about the modification of nutrition behavior and cancer risk in children. Lessons learned from the study are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- K D Reynolds
- Department of Health Behavior, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294, USA.
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Lewis CE, Caan B, Funkhouser E, Hilner JE, Bragg C, Dyer A, Raczynski JM, Savage PJ, Armstrong MA, Friedman GD. Inconsistent associations of caffeine-containing beverages with blood pressure and with lipoproteins. The CARDIA Study. Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults. Am J Epidemiol 1993; 138:502-7. [PMID: 8213754 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The authors examined associations of caffeine and caffeinated beverage intakes with blood pressure and with lipoproteins in 5,115 black and white men and women aged 18-30 years during 1985-1986. Caffeine and beverage intakes were not consistently associated with blood pressure in analyses controlling for race, sex, Keys score, sucrose intake, physical activity, oral contraceptive use, body mass index, alcohol use, age, and smoking. Associations of caffeine and beverage intakes with cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein2 cholesterol were also inconsistent. There is little or no association of caffeine with lipoproteins or with blood pressure in this cohort of healthy young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Lewis
- Division of General and Preventive Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham
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Hilner JE, McDonald A, Van Horn L, Bragg C, Caan B, Slattery ML, Birch R, Smoak CG, Wittes J. Quality control of dietary data collection in the CARDIA study. Control Clin Trials 1992; 13:156-69. [PMID: 1316830 DOI: 10.1016/0197-2456(92)90021-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults (CARDIA) Study developed and implemented quality control (QC) measures to minimize misclassification associated with dietary data. Manual and automated data inspection were used to monitor quality. Of the 5111 participants who completed a dietary history, 717 (14%) had dietary forms reviewed and 153 (3%) had the interview audiotaped. Results show that for the 717 forms reviewed, the overall form completion error rate was 0.22% and the "critical" error rate (i.e., those errors impacting on nutrient computations) was 0.12%. The proportion of forms free of any type of error increased over time (p less than 0.0001). The discrepancy rate in recording and interviewing methods as estimated from the 153 audiotaped interviews was 0.7%. Inter-interviewer differences were small as indicated by the audiotaped interviews and the proportion of error-free forms completed by interviewers. The results indicate that the dietary data collected in CARDIA were completely and accurately recorded for use in analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Hilner
- CARDIA Coordinating Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35205
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Slattery ML, Jacobs DR, Hilner JE, Caan BJ, Van Horn L, Bragg C, Manolio TA, Kushi LH, Liu KA. Meat consumption and its associations with other diet and health factors in young adults: the CARDIA study. Am J Clin Nutr 1991; 54:930-5. [PMID: 1951168 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/54.5.930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Using cross-sectional data from the longitudinal Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, we assessed associations between meat consumption and other dietary- and health-status indicators. Less than one percent of this sample (n = 32) ate no red meat or poultry, and another 1% (n = 47) ate red meat or poultry less than once per week. Individuals who ate red meat and poultry less than once per week were less likely to drink alcohol (P = 0.003); reported more physical activity (P less than or equal to 0.001); had lower [corrected] Keys scores (P less than or equal to 0.001); consumed diets higher in carbohydrates, starch, fiber, vitamins A and C, and calcium and lower in energy, fat, and protein (P less than or equal to 0.001); had smaller body sizes as indicated by the body mass index [calculated as wt(kg)/ht(m2)] (P = 0.01); and had lower concentrations of total serum cholesterol (P = 0.001), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.001), and triglycerides (P = 0.015) compared with individuals who consumed meat more frequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Slattery
- University of Utah Medical School, Salt Lake City 84132
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McDonald A, Horn LV, Slattery M, Hilner J, Bragg C, Caan B, Jacobs D, Liu K, Hubert H, Gernhofer N, Betz E, Havlik D. The CARDIA dietary history: Development, implementation, and evaluation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-8223(21)01299-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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McDonald A, Van Horn L, Slattery M, Hilner J, Bragg C, Caan B, Jacobs D, Liu K, Hubert H, Gernhofer N, Betz E, Havlik D. The CARDIA dietary history: development, implementation, and evaluation. J Am Diet Assoc 1991; 91:1104-12. [PMID: 1918764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
To meet the objectives for dietary assessment in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) prospective study, we developed a dietary history to provide accurate and reliable quantitative data on habitual individual nutrient intakes at baseline. The CARDIA dietary history was an interviewer-administered method that included a short questionnaire regarding general dietary practices followed by a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire about typical intake of foods using the previous month as a reference for recall. For each broad category of foods, participants were questioned in detail about specific foods only if they indicated that they consumed foods from that category. Follow-up questions for selected foods concerned serving size, frequency of consumption, and common additions to these foods. Provision was made for reporting foods not found in the food frequency list. The interview took approximately 45 minutes. Cue cards prompted responses and plastic food models assisted in estimating usual amounts consumed. A precoded format standardized coding for reported items and established the detail needed for recall during the interview. Baseline nutrient analyses from the CARDIA dietary history provided estimates that agreed reasonably well with expected caloric intake for body mass index according to the age- and sex-specific Recommended Dietary Allowances, but were higher than those reported from 24-hour recalls for comparable age, sex, and race groups in the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The CARDIA dietary history is a comprehensive assessment tool that can provide a dietitian with detailed information regarding habitual eating patterns and nutrient intakes among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- A McDonald
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611
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Van Horn LV, Ballew C, Liu K, Ruth K, McDonald A, Hilner JE, Burke GL, Savage PJ, Bragg C, Caan B, Slattery M, Sidney S. Diet, body size, and plasma lipids-lipoproteins in young adults: differences by race and sex. The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Am J Epidemiol 1991; 133:9-23. [PMID: 1983903 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study completed baseline dietary assessment, measurement of body mass index, and lipid and lipoprotein analyses on 5,111 participants. CARDIA includes black and white men and women between 18 and 30 years of age at baseline (1985-1986), recruited in Birmingham, Alabama, Chicago, Illinois, Minneapolis, Minnesota, and Oakland, California. Diet was assessed by a detailed interviewer-administered diet history that measured the usual eating pattern over the past month. Possible sex, race, age, and educational differences in diet, body size, and lipids-lipoproteins were explored. Nutrient analyses indicate that the Keys score, a measure of dietary fat composition, is significantly correlated with plasma cholesterol in older (aged 25-30 years) white men (r = 0.12, p less than 0.01) and older white women (r = 0.12, p less than 0.001). In multiple linear regression analyses, body mass index was positively and significantly associated with total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol and inversely associated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol across all race-sex groups. The Keys score was significantly associated with total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in white men and women. Education was associated with high density lipoprotein cholesterol in black and white women and white men. In these young adults, dietary fat intake and body mass index were related to blood lipids in certain subgroups. In black and white men and black women, blood cholesterol increased with age across race-sex groups independently of these covariates. In view of the many factors affecting plasma cholesterol and the limitations of the dietary history method, these cross-sectional data are useful in characterizing diet and lipid differences. There appears to be general disparity between recommended dietary intake of total fat, saturated fat, and other nutrients and actual dietary intake in young adults, regardless of age and educational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Van Horn
- Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, IL 60611-4402
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Bragg C. Tendering makes a clean sweep. Health Serv J 1988; 98:336-7. [PMID: 10286421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Hataway J, Bragg C. Cancer: what is prevention? Fam Community Health 1984; 7:59-71. [PMID: 10265756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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