1
|
Park CJ, Oh JE, Feng J, Cho YM, Qiao H, Ko C. Lifetime changes of the oocyte pool: Contributing factors with a focus on ovulatory inflammation. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2022; 49:16-25. [PMID: 35255655 PMCID: PMC8923630 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2021.04917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammalian species, females are born with a number of oocytes exceeding what they release via ovulation. In humans, an average girl is born with over a thousand times more oocytes than she will ovulate in her lifetime. The reason for having such an excessive number of oocytes in a neonatal female ovary is currently unknown. However, it is well established that the oocyte number decreases throughout the entire lifetime until the ovary loses them all. In this review, data published in the past 80 years were used to assess the current knowledge regarding the changing number of oocytes in humans and mice, as well as the reported factors that contribute to the decline of oocyte numbers. Briefly, a collective estimation indicates that an average girl is born with approximately 600,000 oocytes, which is 2,000 times more than the number of oocytes that she will ovulate in her lifetime. The oocyte number begins to decrease immediately after birth and is reduced to half of the initial number by puberty and almost zero by age 50 years. Multiple factors that are either intrinsic or extrinsic to the ovary contribute to the decline of the oocyte number. The inflammation caused by the ovulatory luteinizing hormone surge is discussed as a potential contributing factor to the decline of the oocyte pool during the reproductive lifespan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Jin Park
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL ,USA.,Epivara Inc., Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Ji-Eun Oh
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL ,USA
| | - Jianan Feng
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL ,USA
| | - Yoon Min Cho
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL ,USA
| | - Huanyu Qiao
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL ,USA
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL ,USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ko C, Cho YM, Ham E, Cacioppo JA, Park CJ. Endothelin 2, a key player in ovulation and fertility. Reproduction 2022; 163:R71-R80. [PMID: 35167488 DOI: 10.1530/rep-21-0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Ovulation is the fundamental biological process during which an oocyte is expelled from the ovary, and it is an essential step toward establishing pregnancy. Understanding regulatory mechanisms governing the ovulation process is essential for diagnosing and treating causes of infertility, identifying contraceptive targets, and developing novel contraception methods. EDN2 is a 21-amino acid long peptide that is transiently synthesized by granulosa cells of the ovulatory follicle prior to ovulation and plays an essential role in ovulation via promoting contraction in the myofibroblast cells of the theca layer of the follicle. This review describes the organization of the endothelin system, summarizes recent findings on the expression and synthesis of the endothelin system in the ovary, illustrates the roles that EDN2 plays in regulating ovulation, and discusses EDN2 as a potential target of contraception.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- CheMyong Ko
- C Ko, Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Yoon Min Cho
- Y Cho, Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Eugene Ham
- E Ham, Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| | - Joseph A Cacioppo
- J Cacioppo, Emergency Medicine, Summit Veterinary Referral Center, Tacoma, United States
| | - Chan Jin Park
- C Park, Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Secchi C, Belli M, Harrison TNH, Swift J, Ko C, Duleba AJ, Stupack D, Chang RJ, Shimasaki S. Effect of the spatial-temporal specific theca cell Cyp17 overexpression on the reproductive phenotype of the novel TC17 mouse. J Transl Med 2021; 19:428. [PMID: 34654452 PMCID: PMC8520195 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03103-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the ovarian follicle, the Theca Cells (TCs) have two main functions: preserving morphological integrity and, importantly, secreting steroid androgen hormones. TCs express the essential enzyme 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-desmolase (CYP17), which permits the conversion of pregnenolone and progesterone into androgens. Dysregulation of CYP17 enzyme activity due to an intrinsic ovarian defect is hypothesized to be a cause of hyperandrogenism in women. Androgen excess is observed in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) resulting from excess endogenous androgen production, and in transgender males undergoing exogenous testosterone therapy after female sex assignment at birth. However, the molecular and morphological effects of Cyp17 overexpression and androgen excess on folliculogenesis is unknown. Methods In this work, seeking a comprehensive profiling of the local outcomes of the androgen excess in the ovary, we generated a transgenic mouse model (TC17) with doxycycline (Dox)-induced Cyp17 overexpression in a local and temporal manner. TC17 mice were obtained by a combination of the Tet-dependent expression system and the Cre/LoxP gene control system. Results Ovaries of Dox-treated TC17 mice overexpressed Cyp17 specifically in TCs, inducing high testosterone levels. Surprisingly, TC17 ovarian morphology resembled the human ovarian features of testosterone-treated transgender men (partially impaired folliculogenesis, hypertrophic or luteinized stromal cells, atretic follicles, and collapsed clusters). We additionally assessed TC17 fertility denoting a perturbation of the normal reproductive functions (e.g., low pregnancy rate and numbers of pups per litter). Finally, RNAseq analysis permitted us to identify dysregulated genes (Lhcgr, Fshr, Runx1) and pathways (Extra Cellular Matrix and Steroid Synthesis). Conclusions Our novel mouse model is a versatile tool to provide innovative insights into study the effects of Cyp17 overexpression and hyperandrogenism in the ovary. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03103-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Secchi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Martina Belli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tracy N H Harrison
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Swift
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Antoni J Duleba
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Dwayne Stupack
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - R Jeffrey Chang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shunichi Shimasaki
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hiremath DS, Priviero FBM, Webb RC, Ko C, Narayan P. Constitutive LH receptor activity impairs NO-mediated penile smooth muscle relaxation. Reproduction 2021; 161:31-41. [PMID: 33112284 DOI: 10.1530/rep-20-0447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Timely activation of the luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) is critical for fertility. Activating mutations in LHCGR cause familial male-limited precocious puberty (FMPP) due to premature synthesis of testosterone. A mouse model of FMPP (KiLHRD582G), expressing a constitutively activating mutation in LHCGR, was previously developed in our laboratory. KiLHRD582G mice became progressively infertile due to sexual dysfunction and exhibited smooth muscle loss and chondrocyte accumulation in the penis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that KiLHRD582G mice had erectile dysfunction due to impaired smooth muscle function. Apomorphine-induced erection studies determined that KiLHRD582G mice had erectile dysfunction. Penile smooth muscle and endothelial function were assessed using penile cavernosal strips. Penile endothelial cell content was not changed in KiLHRD582G mice. The maximal relaxation response to acetylcholine and the nitric oxide donor, sodium nitroprusside, was significantly reduced in KiLHRD582G mice indicating an impairment in the nitric oxide (NO)-mediated signaling. Cyclic GMP (cGMP) levels were significantly reduced in KiLHRD582G mice in response to acetylcholine, sodium nitroprusside and the soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, BAY 41-2272. Expression of NOS1, NOS3 and PKRG1 were unchanged. The Rho-kinase signaling pathway for smooth muscle contraction was not altered. Together, these data indicate that KiLHRD582G mice have erectile dysfunction due to impaired NO-mediated activation of soluble guanylate cyclase resulting in decreased levels of cGMP and penile smooth muscle relaxation. These studies in the KiLHRD582G mice demonstrate that activating mutations in the mouse LHCGR cause erectile dysfunction due to impairment of the NO-mediated signaling pathway in the penile smooth muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak S Hiremath
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Fernanda B M Priviero
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center and Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - R Clinton Webb
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center and Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Prema Narayan
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheon YP, Ko C, Lee KH. Assessment of Adipocyte Differentiation and Maturation-related Gene Expression in the Epididymal Fat of Estrogen Receptor α Knockout (ERαKO) Mouse during Postnatal Development Period. Dev Reprod 2020; 24:287-296. [PMID: 33537515 PMCID: PMC7837422 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2020.24.4.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The absence of functional estrogen receptor α (Esr1) results in an
overgrowth of the epididymal fat, as observed in estrogen receptor α
knockout (ERαKO) mouse. The present research was aimed to evaluate
expression of various molecules associated with adipocyte differentiation and
maturation in the epididymal fat of ERαKO mouse at several postnatal ages
by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The highest
transcript levels of all molecules were detected at 12 months of postnatal age,
except leptin which the mRNA level was increased at 5 months of age and was
unchanged until 12 months of age. The expression levels of CCAAT enhancer
binding protein (Cebp) alpha, androgen receptor, and lipoprotein lipase were
decreased at 5 months of age but increased at about 8 months of age. The mRNA
levels of Cebp gamma and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor
1 remained steady until 8 months of age. Continuous increases of transcript
levels during postnatal period were found in Cebp beta, estrogen receptor (ER)
beta, fatty acid binding protein 4, and delta like non-canonical Notch ligand 1.
The increases of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and
adiponectin mRNA levels were detected as early as 8 months of age. The levels of
fatty acid synthase and resistin transcript at 5 and 8 months of age were lower
than that at 2 months of age. These findings show the aberrant expression
patterns of genes related to adipocyte differentiation and maturation in the
postnatal epididymal fat pad by the disruption of ER alpha function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Pil Cheon
- Division of Development and Physiology, Department of Biotechnology, CDPR, Institute for Basic Science, Sungshin Women University, Seoul, 02844 Korea
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Dept. of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | - Ki-Ho Lee
- Dep. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 34824, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Joachim E, Barakat R, Lew B, Kim KK, Ko C, Choi H. Single intranasal administration of 17β-estradiol loaded gelatin nanoparticles confers neuroprotection in the post-ischemic brain. Nanomedicine 2020; 29:102246. [PMID: 32590106 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Globally, ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and adult disability. Previous efforts to repair damaged brain tissue following ischemic events have been hindered by the relative isolation of the central nervous system. We have developed a gelatin nanoparticle-mediated intranasal drug delivery system as an efficient, non-invasive method for delivering 17β-estradiol (E2) specifically to the brain, enhancing neuroprotection, and limiting systemic side effects. Young adult male C57BL/6 J mice subjected to 30 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were administered intranasal preparations of E2-GNPs, water soluble E2, or saline as control 1 h after reperfusion. Following intranasal administration of 500 ng E2-GNPs, brain E2 content rose by 5.24 fold (P<0.0001) after 30 min and remained elevated by 2.5 fold at 2 h (P<0.05). The 100 ng dose of E2-GNPs reduced mean infarct volume by 54.3% (P<0.05, n=4) in comparison to saline treated controls, demonstrating our intranasal delivery system's efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Joachim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Radwa Barakat
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia, Egypt
| | - Benjamin Lew
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kyekyoon Kevin Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Hyungsoo Choi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kim DH, Park HJ, Park HS, Lee JU, Ko C, Gye MC, Choi JM. Estrogen receptor α in T cells suppresses follicular helper T cell responses and prevents autoimmunity. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-9. [PMID: 30988419 PMCID: PMC6465332 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a sex hormone nuclear receptor that regulates various physiological events, including the immune response. Although there have been some recent studies on ERα regarding subsets of T cells, such as Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg cells, its role in follicular helper T (TFH) cells has not yet been elucidated. To determine whether ERα controls TFH response and antibody production, we generated T cell-specific ERα knockout (KO) mice by utilizing the CD4-Cre/ERα flox system (CD4-ERα KO) and then analyzed their phenotype. At approximately 1 year of age, CD4-ERα KO mice spontaneously showed mild autoimmunity with increased autoantibody production and CD4+CD44+CXCR5+Bcl-6+ TFH cells in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen. We next immunized 6-8-week-old CD4-ERα KO mice with sheep red blood cells (SRBCs), which resulted in an increased proportion of TFH cells and germinal center (GC) responses. In addition, 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment decreased TFH responses in wild-type mice and suppressed the mRNA expression of Bcl-6 and IL-21. Finally, we confirmed that the production of high-affinity antigen-specific antibodies and isotype class switching induced by NP-conjugated ovalbumin immunization were elevated in CD4-ERα KO mice under sufficient estrogen conditions. These results collectively demonstrate that the female sex hormone receptor ERα inhibits the TFH cell response and GC reaction to control autoantibody production, which was related to estrogen signaling and autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Do-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Jai Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Hyeon-Soo Park
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ung Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Myung Chan Gye
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Min Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
The midcycle surge of LH sets in motion interconnected networks of signaling cascades to bring about rupture of the follicle and release of the oocyte during ovulation. Many mediators of these LH-induced signaling cascades are associated with inflammation, leading to the postulate that ovulation is similar to an inflammatory response. First responders to the LH surge are granulosa and theca cells, which produce steroids, prostaglandins, chemokines, and cytokines, which are also mediators of inflammatory processes. These mediators, in turn, activate both nonimmune ovarian cells as well as resident immune cells within the ovary; additional immune cells are also attracted to the ovary. Collectively, these cells regulate proteolytic pathways to reorganize the follicular stroma, disrupt the granulosa cell basal lamina, and facilitate invasion of vascular endothelial cells. LH-induced mediators initiate cumulus expansion and cumulus oocyte complex detachment, whereas the follicular apex undergoes extensive extracellular matrix remodeling and a loss of the surface epithelium. The remainder of the follicle undergoes rapid angiogenesis and functional differentiation of granulosa and theca cells. Ultimately, these functional and structural changes culminate in follicular rupture and oocyte release. Throughout the ovulatory process, the importance of inflammatory responses is highlighted by the commonalities and similarities between many of these events associated with ovulation and inflammation. However, ovulation includes processes that are distinct from inflammation, such as regulation of steroid action, oocyte maturation, and the eventual release of the oocyte. This review focuses on the commonalities between inflammatory responses and the process of ovulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diane M Duffy
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Misung Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Mats Brannstrom
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Stockholm IVF, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas E Curry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Barakat R, Lin PC, Park CJ, Best-Popescu C, Bakry HH, Abosalem ME, Abdelaleem NM, Flaws JA, Ko C. Prenatal Exposure to DEHP Induces Neuronal Degeneration and Neurobehavioral Abnormalities in Adult Male Mice. Toxicol Sci 2018; 164:439-452. [PMID: 29688563 PMCID: PMC6061835 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are a family of synthetic chemicals that are used in producing a variety of consumer products. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is an widely used phthalate and poses a public health concern. Prenatal exposure to DEHP has been shown to induce premature reproductive senescence in animal studies. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that prenatal exposure to DEHP impairs neurobehavior and recognition memory in her male offspring and we investigated one possible mechanism-oxidative damage in the hippocampus. Pregnant CD-1 female mice were orally administered 200 μg, 500 mg, or 750 mg/kg/day DEHP or vehicle from gestational day 11 until birth. The neurobehavioral impact of the prenatal DEHP exposure was assessed at the ages of 16-22 months. Elevated plus maze and open field tests were used to measure anxiety levels. Y-maze and novel object recognition tests were employed to measure memory function. The oxidative damage in the hippocampus was measured by the levels of oxidative DNA damage and by Spatial light interference microscopic counting of hippocampal neurons. Adult male mice that were prenatally exposed to DEHP exhibited anxious behaviors and impaired spatial and short-term recognition memory. The number of hippocampal pyramidal neurons was significantly decreased in the DEHP mice. Furthermore, DEHP mice expressed remarkably high levels of cyclooxygenase-2, 8-hydroxyguanine, and thymidine glycol in their hippocampal neurons. DEHP mice also had lower circulating testosterone concentrations and displayed a weaker immunoreactivity than the control mice to androgen receptor expression in the brain. This study found that prenatal exposure to DEHP caused elevated anxiety behavior and impaired recognition memory. These behavioral changes may originate from neurodegeneration caused by oxidative damage and inflammation in the hippocampus. Decreased circulating testosterone concentrations and decreased expression of androgen receptor in the brain also may be factors contributing to the impaired neurobehavior in the DEHP mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Barakat
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61802
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia 13518, Egypt
| | - Po-Ching Lin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61802
| | - Chan Jin Park
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61802
| | - Catherine Best-Popescu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61801
| | - Hatem H Bakry
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia 13518, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abosalem
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia 13518, Egypt
| | - Nabila M Abdelaleem
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia 13518, Egypt
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61802
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois 61802
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Barakat R, Lin PC, Park CJ, Best-Popescu C, Bakry HH, Abosalem ME, Abdelaleem NM, Flaws JA, Ko C. Corrigendum to "Prenatal Exposure to DEHP Induces Neuronal Degeneration and Neurobehavioral Abnormalities in Adult Male Mice". Toxicol Sci 2018; 164:645. [PMID: 30060034 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
11
|
Lee-Thacker S, Choi Y, Taniuchi I, Takarada T, Yoneda Y, Ko C, Jo M. Core Binding Factor β Expression in Ovarian Granulosa Cells Is Essential for Female Fertility. Endocrinology 2018; 159:2094-2109. [PMID: 29554271 PMCID: PMC5905395 DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Core binding factor β (CBFβ) is a non-DNA-binding partner of all RUNX proteins and critical for transcription activity of CBF transcription factors (RUNXs/CBFβ). In the ovary, the expression of Runx1 and Runx2 is highly induced by the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in ovulatory follicles, whereas Cbfb is constitutively expressed. To investigate the physiological significance of CBFs in the ovary, the current study generated two different conditional mutant mouse models in which granulosa cell expression of Cbfb and Runx2 was reduced by Cre recombinase driven by an Esr2 promoter. Cbfbgc-/- and Cbfbgc-/- × Runx2gc+/- mice exhibited severe subfertility and infertility, respectively. In the ovaries of both mutant mice, follicles develop normally, but the majority of preovulatory follicles failed to ovulate either in response to human chorionic gonadotropin administration in pregnant mare serum gonadotropin-primed immature animals or after the LH surge at 5 months of age. Morphological and physiological changes in the corpus luteum of these mutant mice revealed the reduced size, progesterone production, and vascularization, as well as excessive lipid accumulation. In granulosa cells of periovulatory follicles and corpora lutea of these mice, the expression of Edn2, Ptgs1, Lhcgr, Sfrp4, Wnt4, Ccrl2, Lipg, Saa3, and Ptgfr was also drastically reduced. In conclusion, the current study provided in vivo evidence that CBFβ plays an essential role in female fertility by acting as a critical cofactor of CBF transcription factor complexes, which regulate the expression of specific key ovulatory and luteal genes, thus coordinating the ovulatory process and luteal development/function in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somang Lee-Thacker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chandler Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Yohan Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chandler Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Ichiro Taniuchi
- Laboratory for Transcriptional Regulation, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takarada
- Department of Regenerative Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yukio Yoneda
- Section of Prophylactic Pharmacology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinoisa
| | - Misung Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chandler Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
- Correspondence: Misung Jo, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street, Room MS 335, Lexington, Kentucky 40536. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Heitkemper MM, Cain KC, Shulman RJ, Burr RL, Ko C, Hollister EB, Callen N, Zia J, Han CJ, Jarrett ME. Stool and urine trefoil factor 3 levels: associations with symptoms, intestinal permeability, and microbial diversity in irritable bowel syndrome. Benef Microbes 2018; 9:345-355. [PMID: 29633639 DOI: 10.3920/bm2017.0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Previously we showed that urine trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) levels were higher in females with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) compared to non-IBS females. To assess if TFF3 is associated with symptoms and/or reflect alterations in gastrointestinal permeability and gut microbiota in an IBS population, we correlated stool and urine TFF3 levels with IBS symptoms, intestinal permeability, stool microbial diversity and relative abundance of predominant bacterial families and genera. We also tested the relationship of stool TFF3 to urine TFF3, and compared results based on hormone contraception use. Samples were obtained from 93 females meeting Rome III IBS criteria and completing 4-week symptom diaries. TFF3 levels were measured by ELISA. Permeability was assessed with the urine lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio. Stool microbiota was assessed using 16S rRNA. Stool TFF3, but not urine TFF3, was associated positively with diarrhoea and loose stool consistency. Higher stool TFF3 was also associated with lower L/M ratio and microbial diversity. Of the 20 most abundant bacterial families Mogibacteriaceae and Christensenellaceae were inversely related to stool TFF3, with only Christensenellaceae remaining significant after multiple comparison adjustment. There were no significant relationships between stool or urine TFF3 levels and other symptoms, nor between stool and urine levels. In premenopausal females, urine TFF3 levels were higher in those reporting hormone contraception. Collectively these results suggest that higher stool TFF3 levels are associated with IBS symptoms (loose/diarrhoeal stools), lower gut permeability, and altered stool bacteria composition (decreased diversity and decreased Christensenellaceae), which further suggests that TFF3 may be an important marker of host-bacteria interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M M Heitkemper
- 1 Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-7266, USA
| | - K C Cain
- 2 Department of Biostatistics and Office of Nursing Research, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - R J Shulman
- 3 Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - R L Burr
- 1 Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-7266, USA
| | - C Ko
- 4 University of Washington Medical Center, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - E B Hollister
- 5 Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin Street, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - N Callen
- 6 Department of Family and Child Nursing, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - J Zia
- 4 University of Washington Medical Center, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - C J Han
- 1 Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-7266, USA
| | - M E Jarrett
- 1 Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195-7266, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Barakat R, Lin PCP, Rattan S, Brehm E, Canisso IF, Abosalum ME, Flaws JA, Hess R, Ko C. Prenatal Exposure to DEHP Induces Premature Reproductive Senescence in Male Mice. Toxicol Sci 2018; 156:96-108. [PMID: 28082598 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is the most commonly used phthalate, and it is an endocrine-disrupting chemical. This study tested a hypothesis that prenatal exposure to DEHP lays the foundation for premature gonadal dysfunction and subsequent reproductive senescence in male mice. Pregnant female CD-1 mice were orally dosed with vehicle control (tocopherol-stripped corn oil) or with 20 μg/kg/day, 200 μg/kg/day, 500 mg/kg/day, or 750 mg/kg/day of DEHP from gestational day 11 to birth. Overall, the prenatal DEHP exposure did not cause any overt physical health problems in male offspring, as no significant differences in their body nor gonadal weight were seen up to the age of 23 months. However, an age- and dose-dependent gonadal dysfunction was observed. As early as 7 months of age, the 750 mg/kg/day group of mice exhibited significantly reduced fertility. At 19 months of age, 86% of the 750 mg/kg/day mice became infertile, whereas only 25% of the control mice were infertile. At this age, all of the DEHP-exposed mice had lower serum testosterone levels, higher serum estradiol levels, and higher LH levels compared with control mice. Histological evaluations showed that mice prenatally exposed to DEHP displayed a wide array of gonadal and epididymal abnormalities such as increased germ cell apoptosis, degenerative seminiferous tubules, oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and teratozoospermia in comparison to age-matching control mice. In summary, this study shows that prenatal exposure to DEHP induces premature reproductive senescence in male mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Barakat
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61802.,Department of Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia, 13518, Egypt
| | - Po-Ching Patrick Lin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61802
| | - Saniya Rattan
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61802
| | - Emily Brehm
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61802
| | - Igor F Canisso
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61802
| | - Mohamed E Abosalum
- Department of Toxicology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Qalyubia, 13518, Egypt
| | - Jodi A Flaws
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61802
| | - Rex Hess
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61802
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61802
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Han KA, Shin WH, Jung S, Seol W, Seo H, Ko C, Chung KC. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 exacerbates neuronal cytotoxicity through phosphorylation of histone deacetylase 3 and histone deacetylation. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:1-18. [PMID: 27798112 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by slow, progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The cause of neuronal death in PD is largely unknown, but several genetic loci, including leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), have been identified. LRRK2 has guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) and kinase activities, and mutations in LRRK2 are the major cause of autosomal-dominant familial PD. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) remove acetyl groups from lysine residues on histone tails, promoting transcriptional repression via condensation of chromatin. Here, we demonstrate that LRRK2 binds to and directly phosphorylates HDAC3 at Ser-424, thereby stimulating HDAC activity. Specifically, LRRK2 promoted the deacetylation of Lys-5 and Lys-12 on histone H4, causing repression of gene transcription. Moreover, LRRK2 stimulated nuclear translocation of HDAC3 via the phoshorylation of karyopherin subunit α2 and α6. HDAC3 phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation were increased in response to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) treatment. LRRK2 also inhibited myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2D activity, which is required for neuronal survival. LRRK2 ultimately promoted 6-OHDA-induced cell death via positive modulation of HDAC3. These findings suggest that LRRK2 affects epigenetic histone modification and neuronal survival by facilitating HDAC3 activity and regulating its localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Ah Han
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Hyun Shin
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyeon Jung
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wongi Seol
- InAm Neuroscience Research Center, Sanbon Medical Center, College of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Gunpo-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemyung Seo
- Department of Molecular and Life Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kwang Chul Chung
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Parekh J, Ko C, Lappin J, Greenstein S, Hirose R. A Transplant-Specific Quality Initiative-Introducing TransQIP: A Joint Effort of the ASTS and ACS. Am J Transplant 2017; 17:1719-1722. [PMID: 28421672 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.14315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In an attempt to improve surgical quality in the field of transplantation, the American College of Surgeons (ACS) and American Society of Transplant Surgeons have initiated a national quality improvement program in transplantation. This transplant-specific quality improvement program, called TransQIP, has been built from the ground up by transplant surgeons and captures detailed information on donor and recipient factors as well as transplant-specific outcomes. It is built upon the existing ACS/National Surgical Quality Improvement Program infrastructure and is designed to capture 100% of liver and kidney transplants performed at participating sites. TransQIP has completed its alpha pilot and will embark upon its beta phase at approximately 30 centers in the spring of 2017. Going forward, we anticipate TransQIP will help satisfy Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services requirements for a quality improvement program, surgeon requirements for maintenance of certification, and qualify as a clinical practice improvement activity under the Merit-Based Incentive Payment System. Most importantly, we believe TransQIP will provide insight into surgical outcomes in transplantation that will allow the field to provide better care to our patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Parekh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - C Ko
- Department of Surgery, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center and Director National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, Los Angeles, CA
| | - J Lappin
- Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX
| | - S Greenstein
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY
| | - R Hirose
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Baumgarten SC, Armouti M, Ko C, Stocco C. IGF1R Expression in Ovarian Granulosa Cells Is Essential for Steroidogenesis, Follicle Survival, and Fertility in Female Mice. Endocrinology 2017; 158:2309-2318. [PMID: 28407051 PMCID: PMC5505221 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Folliculogenesis is a lengthy process that requires the proliferation and differentiation of granulosa cells (GCs) for preovulatory follicle formation. The most crucial endocrine factor involved in this process is follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Interestingly, previous in vitro studies indicated that FSH does not stimulate GC proliferation in the absence of the insulinlike growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R). To determine the role of the IGF1R in vivo, female mice with a conditional knockdown of the IGF1R in the GCs were produced and had undetectable levels of IGF1R mRNA and protein in the GCs. These animals were sterile, and their ovaries were smaller than those of control animals and contained no antral follicles even after gonadotropin stimulation. The lack of antral follicles correlated with a 90% decrease in serum estradiol levels. In addition, under a superovulation protocol no oocytes were found in the oviducts of these animals. Accordingly, the GCs of the mutant females expressed significantly lower levels of preovulatory markers including aromatase, luteinizing hormone receptor, and inhibin α. In contrast, no alterations in FSH receptor expression were observed in GCs lacking IGF1R. Immunohistochemistry studies demonstrated that ovaries lacking IGF1R had higher levels of apoptosis in follicles from the primary to the large secondary stages. Finally, molecular studies determined that protein kinase B activation was significantly impaired in mutant females when compared with controls. These in vivo findings demonstrate that IGF1R has a crucial role in GC function and, consequently, in female fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C. Baumgarten
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - Marah Armouti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaigne, Illinois 60812
| | - Carlos Stocco
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Estrogens have historically been associated with female reproduction, but work over the last two decades established that estrogens and their main nuclear receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) also regulate male reproductive and nonreproductive organs. 17β-Estradiol (E2) is measureable in blood of men and males of other species, but in rete testis fluids, E2 reaches concentrations normally found only in females and in some species nanomolar concentrations of estrone sulfate are found in semen. Aromatase, which converts androgens to estrogens, is expressed in Leydig cells, seminiferous epithelium, and other male organs. Early studies showed E2 binding in numerous male tissues, and ESR1 and ESR2 each show unique distributions and actions in males. Exogenous estrogen treatment produced male reproductive pathologies in laboratory animals and men, especially during development, and studies with transgenic mice with compromised estrogen signaling demonstrated an E2 role in normal male physiology. Efferent ductules and epididymal functions are dependent on estrogen signaling through ESR1, whose loss impaired ion transport and water reabsorption, resulting in abnormal sperm. Loss of ESR1 or aromatase also produces effects on nonreproductive targets such as brain, adipose, skeletal muscle, bone, cardiovascular, and immune tissues. Expression of GPER is extensive in male tracts, suggesting a possible role for E2 signaling through this receptor in male reproduction. Recent evidence also indicates that membrane ESR1 has critical roles in male reproduction. Thus estrogens are important physiological regulators in males, and future studies may reveal additional roles for estrogen signaling in various target tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Cooke
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Manjunatha K Nanjappa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gail S Prins
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rex A Hess
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lo W, Chuang J, Ko C, Chou S, Chen R, Chang K, Hung J, Su W, Chang W, Hsu T. P05.06 Upregulation of CYP17A1 by Sp1-mediated DNA demethylation confers temozolomide resistance through DHEA-mediated protection in glioma. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
19
|
Cacioppo JA, Lin PCP, Hannon PR, McDougle DR, Gal A, Ko C. Granulosa cell endothelin-2 expression is fundamental for ovulatory follicle rupture. Sci Rep 2017; 7:817. [PMID: 28400616 PMCID: PMC5429765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovulation is dependent upon numerous factors mediating follicular growth, vascularization, and ultimately oocyte release via follicle rupture. Endothelin-2 (EDN2) is a potent vasoconstrictor that is transiently produced prior to follicle rupture by granulosa cells of periovulatory follicles and induces ovarian contraction. To determine the role of Edn2 expression, surgical transplant and novel conditional knockout mice were super-ovulated and analyzed. Conditional knockout mice utilized a new iCre driven by the Esr2 promoter to selectively remove Edn2. Follicle rupture and fertility were significantly impaired in the absence of ovarian Edn2 expression. When ovaries of Edn2KO mice were transplanted in wild type recipients, significantly more corpora lutea containing un-ovulated oocytes were present after hormonal stimulation (1.0 vs. 5.4, p = 0.010). Following selective ablation of Edn2 in granulosa cells, Esr2-Edn2KO dams had reduced oocytes ovulated (3.8 vs. 16.4 oocytes/ovary) and smaller litters (4.29 ± l.02 vs. 8.50 pups/dam). However, the number of pregnancies per pairing was not different and the reproductive axis remained intact. Esr2-Edn2KO ovaries had a higher percentage of antral follicles and fewer corpora lutea; follicles progressed to the antral stage but many were unable to rupture. Conditional loss of endothelin receptor A in granulosa cells also decreased ovulation but did not affect fecundity. These data demonstrate that EDN2-induced intraovarian contraction is a critical trigger of normal ovulation and subsequent fecundity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Cacioppo
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Po-Ching Patrick Lin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Patrick R Hannon
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Daniel R McDougle
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA
| | - Arnon Gal
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.,Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61802, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lan ZJ, Krause MS, Redding SD, Li X, Wu GZ, Zhou HX, Bohler HC, Ko C, Cooney AJ, Zhou J, Lei ZM. Selective deletion of Pten in theca-interstitial cells leads to androgen excess and ovarian dysfunction in mice. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 444:26-37. [PMID: 28137614 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Theca cell-selective Pten mutation (tPtenMT) in mice resulted in increases in PDK1 and Akt phosphorylation, indicating an over-activation of PI3K signaling in the ovaries. These mice displayed elevated androgen levels, ovary enlargement, antral follicle accumulation, early fertility loss and increased expression of Lhcgr and genes that are crucial to androgenesis. These abnormalities were partially reversed by treatments of PI3K or Akt inhibitor. LH actions in Pten deficient theca cells were potentiated. The phosphorylation of Foxo1 was increased, while the binding of Foxo1 to forkhead response elements in the Lhcgr promoter was reduced in tPtenMT theca cells, implying a mechanism by which PI3K/Akt-induced upregulation of Lhcgr in theca cells might be mediated by reducing the inhibitory effect of Foxo1 on the Lhcgr promoter. The phenotype of tPtenMT females is reminiscent of human PCOS and suggests that dysregulated PI3K cascade in theca cells may be involved in certain types of PCOS pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jian Lan
- Division of Life Sciences and Center for Animal Nutrigenomics & Applied Animal Nutrition, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA
| | - M S Krause
- Department of OB/GYN & Women's Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - S D Redding
- Department of OB/GYN & Women's Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - X Li
- Department of OB/GYN & Women's Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - G Z Wu
- Department of OB/GYN & Women's Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - H X Zhou
- Birth Defects Center, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Craniofacial Biology, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - H C Bohler
- Department of OB/GYN & Women's Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - C Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - A J Cooney
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Junmei Zhou
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Z M Lei
- Department of OB/GYN & Women's Health, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ma Y, Andrisse S, Chen Y, Childress S, Xue P, Wang Z, Jones D, Ko C, Divall S, Wu S. Androgen Receptor in the Ovary Theca Cells Plays a Critical Role in Androgen-Induced Reproductive Dysfunction. Endocrinology 2017; 158:98-108. [PMID: 27841936 PMCID: PMC5412974 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Androgen and its receptor (AR) play a critical role in reproductive function under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Female AR global knockout mice are subfertile due to both neuroendocrine and ovarian defects. Female offspring from prenatally androgenized heterozygous AR pregnant mice showed rescued estrous cyclicity and fertility. Ar is expressed in granulosa cells, theca interstitial cells, and oocytes in the ovary. We created mice with theca-specific deletion of Ar (ThARKO) by crossing Cyp17-iCre mice that express Cre recombinase under cytochrome P450 17A1 (Cyp17) promoter with Arfl/fl mice. ThARKO mice exhibited no significant differences in pubertal onset or fertility compared with control littermates, and neither estrogen or testosterone levels were different between these groups. Therefore, Ar expression in theca cells likely does not influence fertility nor androgen levels in female mice. We then tested the role of AR in theca cells under hyperandrogenemic condition. After treatment with a pathophysiological level of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), control mice (control-DHT) showed acyclicity and infertility. However, estrous cycles and fertility were altered to a significantly less degree in ThARKO-DHT mice than in control-DHT mice. Messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of Lhcgr (luteinizing hormone receptor) and Timp1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, and inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase) were significantly lower in control-DHT ovary compared with control-no DHT ovaries, whereas mRNA levels of Fshr (follicle-stimulating hormone receptor) were significantly higher. Timp1 gene expression was comparable in the ThARKO-DHT and the control-no DHT ovary. We speculate that the preserved level of Timp1 in ThARKO-DHT mice contributes to retained reproductive function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Ma
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Stanley Andrisse
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Yi Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Shameka Childress
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Ping Xue
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Dustin Jones
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and
| | - Sara Divall
- Seattle Children’s Hospital, Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Seattle, Washington 98105
| | - Sheng Wu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, and
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Oakley OR, Kim KJ, Lin PC, Barakat R, Cacioppo JA, Li Z, Whitaker A, Chung KC, Mei W, Ko C. Estradiol Synthesis in Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue: Leukocyte Regulation by a Sexually Monomorphic System. Endocrinology 2016; 157:4579-4587. [PMID: 27779914 PMCID: PMC5133356 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
17β-estradiol is a potent sex hormone synthesized primarily by gonads in females and males that regulates development and function of the reproductive system. Recent studies show that 17β-estradiol is locally synthesized in nonreproductive tissues and regulates a myriad of events, including local inflammatory responses. In this study, we report that mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) and Peyer's patches (Pps) are novel sites of de novo synthesis of 17β-estradiol. These secondary lymphoid organs are located within or close to the gastrointestinal tract, contain leukocytes, and function at the forefront of immune surveillance. 17β-estradiol synthesis was initially identified using a transgenic mouse with red fluorescent protein coexpressed in cells that express aromatase, the enzyme responsible for 17β-estradiol synthesis. Subsequent immunohistochemistry and tissue culture experiments revealed that aromatase expression was localized to high endothelial venules of these lymphoid organs, and these high endothelial venule cells synthesized 17β-estradiol when isolated and cultured in vitro. Both mLNs and Pps contained 17β-estradiol with concentrations that were significantly higher than those of peripheral blood. Furthermore, the total amount of 17β-estradiol in these organs exceeded that of the gonads. Mice lacking either aromatase or estrogen receptor-β had hypertrophic Pps and mLNs with more leukocytes than their wild-type littermates, demonstrating a role for 17β-estradiol in leukocyte regulation. Importantly, we did not observe any sex-dependent differences in aromatase expression, 17β-estradiol content, or steroidogenic capacity in these lymphoid organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver R Oakley
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Jun Kim
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Po-Ching Lin
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Radwa Barakat
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Joseph A Cacioppo
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Alexandra Whitaker
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Chul Chung
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenyan Mei
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Biology (O.R.O., A.W.), Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky 40475; Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center (K.J.K., Z.L.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Comparative Biosciences (P.-C.L., R.B., J.A.C., W.M., C.K.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (R.B.), Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt; and Department of Systems Biology (C.C.), Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gal A, Lin PC, Cacioppo JA, Hannon PR, Mahoney MM, Wolfe A, Fernandez-Valdivia R, Lydon JP, Elias CF, Ko C. Loss of Fertility in the Absence of Progesterone Receptor Expression in Kisspeptin Neurons of Female Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159534. [PMID: 27441639 PMCID: PMC4956300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian steroids, estradiol and progesterone, play central roles in regulating female reproduction by acting as both positive and negative regulators of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion in the hypothalamus. Recent studies have identified kisspeptin neurons of the hypothalamus as the target of estrogenic regulation of GnRH secretion. In this study, we aimed to determine the significance of progesterone receptor (PGR) expression in the kisspeptin neurons. To this end, the Pgr gene was selectively ablated in mouse kisspeptin neurons and the reproductive consequence assessed. The hypothalamus of the Pgr deficient female mouse expressed kisspeptin, the pituitary released LH in response to GnRH stimulation, and the ovary ovulated when stimulated with gonadotropins. However, the mutant mouse gradually lost cyclicity, was unable to generate a LH surge in response to rising estradiol, and eventually became infertile. Taken together, these results indicate that the loss of PGR impairs kisspeptin secretory machinery and therefore that PGR plays a critical role in regulating kisspeptin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnon Gal
- Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Po-Ching Lin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Joseph A. Cacioppo
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Patrick R. Hannon
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Megan M. Mahoney
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
| | - Andrew Wolfe
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Rodrigo Fernandez-Valdivia
- Department of Pathology and Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States of America; Tumor Biology Microenvironment Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - John P. Lydon
- Center of Reproductive Medicine and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Carol F. Elias
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ko C, Su YJ. AB0065 Galectin-3 Is A Major Determinant of Femoral Neck Bone Mineral Density in A Partial Regression Model: A Preliminary Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
25
|
Mereness AL, Murphy ZC, Forrestel AC, Butler S, Ko C, Richards JS, Sellix MT. Conditional Deletion of Bmal1 in Ovarian Theca Cells Disrupts Ovulation in Female Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:913-27. [PMID: 26671182 PMCID: PMC5393362 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Rhythmic events in female reproductive physiology, including ovulation, are tightly controlled by the circadian timing system. The molecular clock, a feedback loop oscillator of clock gene transcription factors, dictates rhythms of gene expression in the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis. Circadian disruption due to environmental factors (eg, shift work) or genetic manipulation of the clock has negative impacts on fertility. Although the central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus classically regulates the timing of ovulation, we have shown that this rhythm also depends on phasic sensitivity to LH. We hypothesized that this rhythm relies on clock function in a specific cellular compartment of the ovarian follicle. To test this hypothesis we generated mice with deletion of the Bmal1 locus in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) (Granulosa Cell Bmal1 KO; GCKO) or theca cells (TCs) (Theca Cell Bmal1 KO; TCKO). Reproductive cycles, preovulatory LH secretion, ovarian morphology and behavior were not grossly altered in GCKO or TCKO mice. We detected phasic sensitivity to LH in wild-type littermate control (LC) and GCKO mice but not TCKO mice. This decline in sensitivity to LH is coincident with impaired fertility and altered patterns of LH receptor (Lhcgr) mRNA abundance in the ovary of TCKO mice. These data suggest that the TC is a pacemaker that contributes to the timing and amplitude of ovulation by modulating phasic sensitivity to LH. The TC clock may play a critical role in circadian disruption-mediated reproductive pathology and could be a target for chronobiotic management of infertility due to environmental circadian disruption and/or hormone-dependent reprogramming in women.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ARNTL Transcription Factors/genetics
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal
- CLOCK Proteins/genetics
- CLOCK Proteins/metabolism
- Circadian Rhythm/genetics
- Cryptochromes/genetics
- Cryptochromes/metabolism
- Female
- Fertility/genetics
- Gene Expression
- Granulosa Cells/metabolism
- Infertility/genetics
- Luteinizing Hormone/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group D, Member 1/metabolism
- Ovarian Follicle/metabolism
- Ovary/anatomy & histology
- Ovulation/genetics
- Ovulation Induction
- Period Circadian Proteins/genetics
- Period Circadian Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, FSH/genetics
- Receptors, FSH/metabolism
- Receptors, LH/genetics
- Theca Cells/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Mereness
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Zachary C Murphy
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Andrew C Forrestel
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Susan Butler
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - JoAnne S Richards
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Michael T Sellix
- Department of Medicine (A.L.M., Z.C.M., A.C.F., S.B., M.T.S.), Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642; Department of Comparative Biosciences (C.K.), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; and Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology (J.S.R.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cerny KL, Ribeiro RAC, Jeoung M, Ko C, Bridges PJ. Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ESR1)-Dependent Regulation of the Mouse Oviductal Transcriptome. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147685. [PMID: 26808832 PMCID: PMC4725743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) is an important transcriptional regulator in the mammalian oviduct, however ESR1-dependent regulation of the transcriptome of this organ is not well defined, especially at the genomic level. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate estradiol- and ESR1-dependent regulation of the transcriptome of the oviduct using transgenic mice, both with (ESR1KO) and without (wild-type, WT) a global deletion of ESR1. Oviducts were collected from ESR1KO and WT littermates at 23 days of age, or ESR1KO and WT mice were treated with 5 IU PMSG to stimulate follicular development and the production of ovarian estradiol, and the oviducts collected 48 h later. RNA extracted from whole oviducts was hybridized to Affymetrix Genechip Mouse Genome 430–2.0 arrays (n = 3 arrays per genotype and treatment) or reverse transcribed to cDNA for analysis of the expression of selected mRNAs by real-time PCR. Following microarray analysis, a statistical two-way ANOVA and pairwise comparison (LSD test) revealed 2428 differentially expressed transcripts (DEG’s, P < 0.01). Genotype affected the expression of 2215 genes, treatment (PMSG) affected the expression of 465 genes, and genotype x treatment affected the expression of 438 genes. With the goal of determining estradiol/ESR1-regulated function, gene ontology (GO) and bioinformatic pathway analyses were performed on DEG’s in the oviducts of PMSG-treated ESR1KO versus PMSG-treated WT mice. Significantly enriched GO molecular function categories included binding and catalytic activity. Significantly enriched GO cellular component categories indicated the extracellular region. Significantly enriched GO biological process categories involved a single organism, modulation of a measurable attribute and developmental processes. Bioinformatic analysis revealed ESR1-regulation of the immune response within the oviduct as the primary canonical pathway. In summary, a transcriptomal profile of estradiol- and ESR1-regulated gene expression and related bioinformatic analysis is presented to increase our understanding of how estradiol/ESR1 affects function of the oviduct, and to identify genes that may be proven as important regulators of fertility in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katheryn L. Cerny
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States of America
| | - Rosanne A. C. Ribeiro
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States of America
| | - Myoungkun Jeoung
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, United States of America
| | - Phillip J. Bridges
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States of America
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Cacioppo JA, Koo Y, Lin PCP, Osmulski SA, Ko CD, Ko C. Generation of an estrogen receptor beta-iCre knock-in mouse. Genesis 2016; 54:38-52. [PMID: 26663382 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel knock-in mouse that expresses codon-improved Cre recombinase (iCre) under regulation of the estrogen receptor beta (Esr2) promoter was developed for conditional deletion of genes and for the spatial and/or temporal localization of Esr2 expression. ESR2 is one of two classical nuclear estrogen receptors and displays a spatiotemporal expression pattern and functions that are different from the other estrogen receptor, ESR1. A cassette was constructed that contained iCre, a polyadenylation sequence, and a neomycin selection marker. This construct was used to insert iCre in front of the endogenous start codon of the Esr2 gene of a C57BL/6J embryonic stem cell line via homologous recombination. Resulting Esr2-iCre mice were bred with ROSA26-lacZ and Ai9-RFP reporter mice to visualize cells of functional iCre expression. Strong expression was observed in the ovary, the pituitary, the interstitium of the testes, the head and tail but not body of the epididymis, skeletal muscle, the coagulation gland (anterior prostate), the lung, and the preputial gland. Additional diffuse or patchy expression was observed in the cerebrum, the hypothalamus, the heart, the adrenal gland, the colon, the bladder, and the pads of the paws. Overall, Esr2-iCre mice will serve as a novel line for conditionally ablating genes in Esr2-expressing tissues, identifying novel Esr2-expressing cells, and differentiating the functions of ESR2 and ESR1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Cacioppo
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, 61802
| | - Yongbum Koo
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, 61802.,School of Biological Sciences, Inje University, Gimhae, South Korea
| | - Po-Ching Patrick Lin
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, 61802
| | - Sarah A Osmulski
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, 61802
| | - Chunjoo D Ko
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, 61802
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, 61802
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhao Y, Gong P, Chen Y, Nwachukwu JC, Srinivasan S, Ko C, Bagchi MK, Taylor RN, Korach KS, Nettles KW, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS. Dual suppression of estrogenic and inflammatory activities for targeting of endometriosis. Sci Transl Med 2015; 7:271ra9. [PMID: 25609169 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3010626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Estrogenic and inflammatory components play key roles in a broad range of diseases including endometriosis, a common estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder in which endometrial tissue creates inflammatory lesions at extrauterine sites, causing pelvic pain and reduced fertility. Current medical therapies focus primarily on reducing systemic levels of estrogens, but these are of limited effectiveness and have considerable side effects. We developed estrogen receptor (ER) ligands, chloroindazole (CLI) and oxabicycloheptene sulfonate (OBHS), which showed strong ER-dependent anti-inflammatory activity in a preclinical model of endometriosis that recapitulates the estrogen dependence and inflammatory responses of the disease in immunocompetent mice and in primary human endometriotic stromal cells in culture. Estrogen-dependent phenomena, including cell proliferation, cyst formation, vascularization, and lesion growth, were all arrested by CLI or OBHS, which prevented lesion expansion and also elicited regression of established lesions, suppressed inflammation, angiogenesis, and neurogenesis in the lesions, and interrupted crosstalk between lesion cells and infiltrating macrophages. Studies in ERα or ERβ knockout mice indicated that ERα is the major mediator of OBHS effectiveness and ERβ is dominant in CLI actions, implying involvement of both ERs in endometriosis. Neither ligand altered estrous cycling or fertility at doses that were effective for suppression of endometriosis. Hence, CLI and OBHS are able to restrain endometriosis by dual suppression of the estrogen-inflammatory axis. Our findings suggest that these compounds have the desired characteristics of preventive and therapeutic agents for clinical endometriosis and possibly other estrogen-driven and inflammation-promoted disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuechao Zhao
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Ping Gong
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Yiru Chen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jerome C Nwachukwu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Sathish Srinivasan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Milan K Bagchi
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Robert N Taylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Kenneth S Korach
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Kendall W Nettles
- Department of Cancer Biology, Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | | | - Benita S Katzenellenbogen
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Cacioppo JA, Koo Y, Lin PCP, Gal A, Ko C. Generation and characterization of an endothelin-2 iCre mouse. Genesis 2015; 53:245-56. [PMID: 25604013 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel transgenic mouse line that expresses codon-improved Cre recombinase (iCre) under regulation of the Endothelin-2 gene (edn2) promoter was developed for the conditional deletion of genes in Endothelin-2 lineage cells and for the spatial and temporal localization of Endothelin-2 expression. Endothelin-2 (EDN2, ET-2, previously VIC) is a transcriptionally regulated 21 amino acid peptide implicated in vascular homeostasis, and more recently in female reproduction, gastrointestinal function, immunology, and cancer pathogenesis that acts through membrane receptors and G-protein signaling. A cassette (edn2-iCre) was constructed that contained iCre, a polyadenylation sequence, and a neomycin selection marker in front of the endogenous start codon of the edn2 gene in a mouse genome BAC clone. The cassette was introduced into the C57BL/6 genome by pronuclear injection, and two lines of edn2-iCre positive mice were produced. The edn2-iCre mice were bred with ROSA26-lacZ and Ai9 reporter mice to visualize areas of functional iCre expression. Strong expression was seen in the periovulatory ovary, stomach and small intestine, and colon. Uniquely, we report punctate expression in the corneal epithelium, the liver, the lung, the pituitary, the uterus, and the heart. In the embryo, expression is localized in developing hair follicles and the dermis. Therefore, edn2-iCre mice will serve as a novel line for conditional gene deletion in these tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Cacioppo
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Campaign, Illinois
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lee Y, Liu ZQ, Heron JT, Clarkson JD, Hong J, Ko C, Biegalski MD, Aschauer U, Hsu SL, Nowakowski ME, Wu J, Christen HM, Salahuddin S, Bokor JB, Spaldin NA, Schlom DG, Ramesh R. Large resistivity modulation in mixed-phase metallic systems. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5959. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
|
31
|
Redding S, Li X, Wu G, Ko C, Cooney A, Bohler H, Lan ZJ, Lei Z. Transforming growth factor-B1 (TGF-B1) and fibroblast growth factor-7 (FGF-7) elevated in ovaries of selective theca cell phosphatase and tensin homolog mutant (tPtenMT) mice with PCOS-like phenotype. Fertil Steril 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
32
|
Rajaram R, Ju M, Ko C, Bilimoria K, Decamp M. O-032 * PREDICTORS AND REASONS FOR READMISSION AFTER PULMONARY RESECTION. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivu167.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
33
|
Cacioppo JA, Oh SW, Kim HY, Cho J, Lin PCP, Yanagisawa M, Ko C. Loss of function of endothelin-2 leads to reduced ovulation and CL formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96115. [PMID: 24763822 PMCID: PMC3999112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-2 (EDN2), a potent vasoconstrictive peptide, is transiently produced by periovulatory follicles at the time of ovulation when corpus luteum (CL) formation begins. EDN2 induces contraction of ovarian smooth muscles ex vivo via an endothelin receptor A-mediated pathway. In this study, we aimed to determine if EDN2 is required for normal ovulation and subsequent CL formation in?vivo. In the ovaries of a mouse model that globally lacks the Edn2 gene (Edn2 knockout mouse; Edn2KO), histology showed that post-pubertal Edn2KO mice possess follicles of all developmental stages, but no corpora lutea. When exogenous gonadotropins were injected to induce super-ovulation, Edn2KO mice exhibited significantly impaired ovulation and CL formation compared to control littermates. Edn2KO ovaries that did ovulate in response to gonadotropins did not contain histologically and functionally identifiable CL. Intra-ovarian injection of EDN2 peptide results suggest partial induction of ovulation in Edn2KO mice. Endothelin receptor antagonism in wild type mice similarly disrupted ovulation, CL formation, and progesterone secretion. Overall, this study suggests that EDN2 is necessary for normal ovulation and CL formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Cacioppo
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sang Wook Oh
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Biology Education, Institute of Fusion Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hey-young Kim
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jongki Cho
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejon, South Korea
| | - Po-Ching Patrick Lin
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gal A, Lin PC, Barger AM, MacNeill AL, Ko C. Vaginal fold histology reduces the variability introduced by vaginal exfoliative cytology in the classification of mouse estrous cycle stages. Toxicol Pathol 2014; 42:1212-20. [PMID: 24705880 DOI: 10.1177/0192623314526321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vaginal exfoliative cytology is commonly used in biomedical and toxicological research to classify the stages of the rodent estrous cycle. However, mouse vaginal exfoliative cytology is commonly used as a stand-alone tool and has not been evaluated in reference to vaginal histology and serum sex hormone levels. In this study, the direct and Giemsa-stained methods of vaginal exfoliative cytology were compared in reference to vaginal fold histology and serum sex hormone levels. Both methods predicted the estrous stages similarly with mean discordance rates of 55%, 77%, 46%, and 31%, for diestrus, proestrus, estrus, and metestrus, respectively. From these results, we conclude that vaginal exfoliative cytology may be used as a general guide to determine the desired estrous stage end point and that a definitive confirmation of the estrous stage should be obtained from evaluation of vaginal fold histology. Confirmation of the stage of the estrous cycle by vaginal fold histology will decrease the variability otherwise introduced by misclassification of estrous cycle stages with vaginal exfoliative cytology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnon Gal
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Po-Ching Lin
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Anne M Barger
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Amy L MacNeill
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wu S, Divall S, Nwaopara A, Radovick S, Wondisford F, Ko C, Wolfe A. Obesity-induced infertility and hyperandrogenism are corrected by deletion of the insulin receptor in the ovarian theca cell. Diabetes 2014; 63:1270-82. [PMID: 24379345 PMCID: PMC3964497 DOI: 10.2337/db13-1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) exhibit elevated androgen levels, oligoanovulation, infertility, and insulin resistance in metabolic tissues. The aims of these studies were to determine the role of insulin signaling in the development and function of ovarian theca cells and the pathophysiologic effects of hyperinsulinism on ovarian function in obesity. We disrupted the insulin receptor (IR) gene specifically in the theca-interstitial (TI) cells of the ovaries (Cyp17IRKO). No changes in reproductive development or function were observed in lean Cyp17IRKO female mice, suggesting that insulin signaling in TI cell is not essential for reproduction. However, when females were fed a high-fat diet, diet-induced obesity (DIO) wild-type (DIO-WT) mice were infertile and experienced increased circulating testosterone levels, whereas DIO-Cyp17IRKO mice exhibited improved fertility and testosterone levels comparable to those found in lean mice. The levels of phosphorylated IRS1 and CYP17 protein were higher in the ovary of DIO-WT compared with DIO-Cyp17IRKO or lean mice. Ex vivo studies using a whole ovary culture model demonstrated that insulin acts independently or additively with human chorionic gonadotropin to enhance androstenedione secretion. These studies reveal the causal pathway linking hyperinsulinism with ovarian hyperandrogenism and the infertility of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wu
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Corresponding author: Sheng Wu,
| | - Sara Divall
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Amanda Nwaopara
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sally Radovick
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Fredric Wondisford
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL
| | - Andrew Wolfe
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cacioppo J, Lin P, Oh S, Koo Y, Ko C. Changes in ovarian constriction by endothelin-2/receptor system in the feline ovary. Life Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
37
|
Cacioppo J, Lin P, Gal A, Koo Y, Ko C. Generation of Edn2-iCre transgenic mice. Life Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.12.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
38
|
Clarke K, Tong D, Pan Y, Easley KA, Norrick B, Ko C, Wang A, Razavi B, Stein J. Reduction in catheter-associated urinary tract infections by bundling interventions. Int J Qual Health Care 2012; 25:43-9. [DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzs077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
39
|
Lee SY, Park E, Kim SC, Ahn RS, Ko C, Lee K. ERα/E2 signaling suppresses the expression of steroidogenic enzyme genes via cross-talk with orphan nuclear receptor Nur77 in the testes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 362:91-103. [PMID: 22683664 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2012.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 05/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) has been reported to affect steroidogenesis in testicular Leydig cells, but its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Here, we investigate the effect of estrogen and ERα on Nur77, a major transcription factor that regulates the expression of steroidogenic enzyme genes. In MA-10 Leydig cells, estradiol (E2) treatment, and interestingly ERα overexpression, suppressed the cAMP-induced and Nur77-activated promoter activity of steroidogenic enzyme genes via the suppression of Nur77 transactivation. ERα physically interacted with Nur77 and inhibited its DNA binding activity. In addition, ERα/E2 signaling decreased Nur77 protein levels. Consistent with the above results, the testicular testosterone level was higher in Leydig cell-specific ERα knock-out mice (ERα(flox/flox)Cyp17iCre) than in wild-type mice (ERα(flox/flox)). Taken together, these results suggest that ERα/E2 signaling controls the Nur77-mediated expression of steroidogenic enzyme genes in Leydig cells. These findings may provide a mechanistic explanation for the local regulation of testicular steroidogenesis by estrogenic compounds and ERα.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Yon Lee
- Hormone Research Center, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Lei Z, Lin J, Zhu J, Li X, Ko C, Lan Z. Expression of Genomic Functional Estrogen Receptor 1 (Esr1) in Mouse Sertoli Cells. Biol Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/87.s1.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
42
|
Sánchez-Criado JE, Trudgen K, Millán Y, Blanco A, Monterde J, Garrido-Gracia JC, Gordon A, Aguilar R, Martín de las Mulas J, Ko C. Estrogen receptor (ESR) 2 partially offsets the absence of ESR1 in gonadotropes of pituitary-specific Esr1 knockout female mice. Reproduction 2012; 143:549-58. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-11-0214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor 1 and 2 (ESR1 and 2) mediate estrogen (E) action on gonadotrope function. While much is known about the effects of ESR1 on the gonadotrope, there is still some controversy regarding the effects of ESR2. To investigate the role of ESR2 in the gonadotrope, 45-day-old female mice of two different genotypes were used: wild type (WT) and pituitary (gonadotropes and thyrotropes)-specific Esr1 knockout (KO). All mice were ovariectomized (OVX) and 15 days later injected over 3 days with 2.5 μg 17β-estradiol (E2), 0.2 mg of the selective ESR1 or 2 agonists, propylpyrazole triol and diarylpropionitrile, respectively, or 0.1 ml oil. The day after treatment, anterior pituitary glands were dissected out for evaluation of gonadotrope ultrastructural morphology and pituitary immunohistochemical expression of progesterone receptor (Pgr (Pr)). Blood was collected and serum LH levels were assessed. Activation of ESR1 in WT mice resulted in the following: i) uterine ballooning and vaginal cornification, ii) negative feedback on LH secretion, iii) increased number of homogeneous (functional) gonadotropes, and iv) pituitary Pgr expression (35.9±2.0% of pituitary cells). Activation of ESR1 in KO mice induced normal uterine, vaginal, and LH secretion responses, but failed to increase the number of functional gonadotropes, and induced significantly lower Pgr expression (21.0±3.0% of pituitary cells) than in WT mice. Whilst activation of ESR2 had no significant effects in WT mice, it doubled the number of functional gonadotropes exhibited by KO mice injected with oil. It is concluded that E2 exerted its action in KO mouse gonadotropes via ESR2.
Collapse
|
43
|
Cho J, Kim H, Kang DW, Yanagisawa M, Ko C. Endothelin B receptor is not required but necessary for finite regulation of ovulation. Life Sci 2012; 91:613-7. [PMID: 22406076 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In the ovary, endothelins regulate a variety of ovarian functions that include but not limited to folliculogenesis, steroidogenesis, oocyte maturation, ovulation and corpus luteum (CL) function. Two cognate receptors, EDNRA and EDNRB are constitutively expressed in the ovary, and mediate the regulatory endothelin actions. However, the physiological significance of the presence of the two receptors that often elicit opposite responses upon activation by an endothelin is yet to be determined. This study was proposed to test the hypothesis that both receptors are present in the ovary to lend an endothelin a finite regulation of ovulation. MAIN METHODS A rescued EDNRB knockout (rEDNRB-KO) mouse that is deficient of EDNRB expression in all cells but adrenergic cell lineage was used to test the impact of the loss of function of EDNRB on ovulation. The EDNRB gene deletion and its confirmation at mRNA level were assessed by molecular biology techniques, and the number and size of corpus lutea was determined by ovarian histology. KEY FINDINGS Female rEDNRB-KO mice had larger litter sizes (numbers of pups per birth) and their ovaries contained more corpora lutea than wild type littermates. SIGNIFICANCE This result shows that without EDNRB excessive ovulation occurs, suggesting a role of EDNRB in having the extent of ovulation confined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jongki Cho
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Girotti M, Ko C, Dimick J. Ranking Hospitals on Vascular Surgery Morbidity: Does the Type of Complication Matter? J Surg Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.11.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
45
|
Kenny C, Adhya S, Dworakowski R, Brickham B, Maccarthy P, Monaghan M, Guzzo A, Innocenti F, Vicidomini S, Lazzeretti D, Squarciotta S, De Villa E, Donnini C, Bulletti F, Guerrini E, Pini R, Bendjelid K, Viale J, Duperret S, Piriou V, Jacques D, Shahgaldi K, Silva C, Pedro F, Deister L, Brodin LA, Sahlen A, Manouras A, Winter R, Berjeb N, Cimadevilla C, Dreyfus J, Cueff C, Malanca M, Chiampan A, Vahanian A, Messika-Zeitoun D, Muraru D, Peluso D, Dal Bianco L, Beraldo M, Solda' E, Tuveri M, Cucchini U, Al Mamary A, Badano L, Iliceto S, Almuntaser I, King G, Norris S, Daly C, Ellis E, Murphy R, Erdei T, Denes M, Kardos A, Foldesi C, Temesvari A, Lengyel M, Bouzas Mosquera A, Broullon F, Alvarez-Garcia N, Peteiro J, Barge-Caballero G, Lopez-Perez M, Lopez-Sainz A, Castro-Beiras A, Luotolahti M, Luotolahti H, Kantola I, Viikari J, Andersen M, Ersboell M, Bro-Jeppesen J, Gustafsson F, Koeber L, Hassager C, Moller J, Coisne D, Diakov C, Vallet F, Lequeux B, Blouin P, Christiaens L, Esposito R, Santoro A, Schiano Lomoriello V, Raia R, Santoro C, De Simone G, Galderisi M, Sahlen A, Abdula G, Winter R, Kosmala W, Szczepanik-Osadnik H, Przewlocka-Kosmala M, Mysiak A, O' Moore-Sullivan T, Marwick T, Tan YT, Wenzelburger F, Leyva F, Sanderson J, Pichler P, Syeda B, Hoefer P, Zuckermann A, Binder T, Fijalkowski M, Koprowski A, Galaska R, Blaut K, Sworczak K, Rynkiewicz A, Lee S, Kim W, Jung L, Yun H, Song M, Ko J, Khalifa EA, Szymanski P, Lipczynska M, Klisieiwcz A, Hoffman P, Jorge C, Silva Marques J, Robalo Martins S, Calisto C, Mieiro M, Vieira S, Correia M, Carvalho De Sousa J, Almeida A, Nunes Diogo A, Park C, March K, Tillin T, Mayet J, Chaturvedi N, Hughes A, Di Bello V, Giannini C, Delle Donne M, De Sanctis F, Spontoni P, Cucco C, Corciu A, Grigoratos C, Bogazzi F, Balbarini A, Enescu O, Suran B, Florescu M, Cinteza M, Vinereanu D, Higuchi Y, Iwakura K, Okamura A, Date M, Fujii K, Jorge C, Cortez-Dias N, Silva D, Carrilho-Ferreira P, Silva Marques J, Magalhaes A, Ribeiro S, Goncalves S, Fiuza M, Pinto F, Jorge C, Cortez-Dias N, Silva D, Silva Marques J, Carrilho-Ferreira P, Placido R, Bordalo A, Goncalves S, Fiuza M, Pinto F, Grzywocz P, Mizia-Stec K, Chudek J, Gasior Z, Maceira Gonzalez AM, Cosin Sales J, Dalli E, Igual B, Diago J, Aguilar J, Ruvira J, Cimino S, Pedrizzetti G, Tonti G, Canali E, Petronilli V, Boccalini F, Mattatelli A, Hiramoto Y, Iacoboni C, Agati L, Trifunovic D, Ostojic M, Vujisic-Tesic B, Petrovic M, Nedeljkovic I, Banovic M, Boricic-Kostic M, Draganic G, Tesic M, Petrovic M, Gavina C, Lopes R, Lourenco A, Almeida J, Rodrigues J, Pinho P, Zamorano J, Leite-Moreira A, Rocha-Goncalves F, Clavel MA, Capoulade R, Dumesnil J, Mathieu P, Despres JP, Pibarot P, Bull S, Pitcher A, Augustine D, D'arcy J, Karamitsos T, Rai A, Prendergast B, Becher H, Neubauer S, Myerson S, Magne J, Donal E, Davin L, O'connor K, Pirlet C, Rosca M, Szymanski C, Cosyns B, Pierard L, Lancellotti P, Calin A, Rosca M, Popescu B, Beladan C, Enache R, Lupascu L, Sandu C, Lancellotti P, Pierard L, Ginghina C, Kamperidis V, Hadjimiltiadis S, Sianos G, Anastasiadis K, Grosomanidis V, Efthimiadis G, Karvounis H, Parharidis G, Styliadis I, Gonzalez Canovas C, Munoz-Esparza C, Bonaque Gonzalez J, Fernandez A, Salar Alcaraz M, Saura Espin D, Pinar Bermudez E, Oliva-Sandoval M, De La Morena Valenzuela G, Valdes Chavarri M, Dreyfus J, Brochet E, Lepage L, Attias D, Cueff C, Detaint D, Himbert D, Iung B, Vahanian A, Messika-Zeitoun D, Pirat B, Little S, Chang S, Tiller L, Kumar R, Zoghbi W, Lee APW, Hsiung M, Wan S, Wong R, Luo F, Fang F, Xie J, Underwood M, Sun J, Yu C, Jansen R, Tietge W, Sijbrandij K, Cramer M, De Heer L, Kluin J, Chamuleau SAJ, Oliveras Vila T, Ferrer Sistach E, Delgado Ramis L, Lopez Ayerbe J, Vallejo Camazon N, Gual Capllonch F, Garcia Alonso C, Teis Soley A, Ruyra Baliarda X, Bayes Genis A, Negrea S, Alexandrescu C, Bourlon F, Civaia F, Dreyfus G, Paetzold S, Luha O, Hoedl R, Stoschitzky G, Pfeiffer K, Zweiker D, Pieske B, Maier R, Sevilla T, Revilla A, Lopez J, Vilacosta I, Arnold R, Gomez I, San Roman J, Nikcevic G, Djordjevic Dikic A, Djordjevic S, Raspopovic S, Jovanovic V, Kircanski B, Pavlovic S, Milasinovic G, Ruiz-Zamora I, Cabrera Bueno F, Molina M, Fernandez-Pastor J, Pena J, Linde A, Barrera A, Alzueta J, Bremont C, Bensaid A, Alonso H, Zaghden O, Nahum J, Dubois-Rande J, Gueret P, Lim P, Lee SP, Park K, Kim HR, Lee JH, Ahn HS, Kim JH, Kim HK, Kim YJ, Sohn DW, Niemann M, Herrmann S, Hu K, Liu D, Beer M, Ertl G, Wanner C, Takenaka T, Tei C, Weidemann F, Silva D, Madeira H, Mendes Pedro M, Nunes Diogo A, Brito D, Schiano Lomoriello V, Ippolito R, Santoro A, Esposito R, Raia R, De Palma D, Galderisi M, Gati S, Oxborough D, Reed M, Zaidi A, Ghani S, Sheikh N, Papadakis M, Sharma S, Chow V, Ng A, Pasqualon T, Zhao W, Hanzek D, Chung T, Yeoh T, Kritharides L, Florescu M, Magda L, Enescu O, Mihalcea D, Suran B, Jinga D, Mincu R, Cinteza M, Vinereanu D, Ferrazzi E, Segato G, Folino F, Famoso G, Senzolo M, Bellu R, Corbetti F, Iliceto S, Tona F, Azevedo O, Quelhas I, Guardado J, Fernandes M, Pereira V, Medeiros R, Lourenco A, Sousa P, Santos W, Pereira S, Marques N, Mimoso J, Marques V, Jesus I, Rustad L, Nytroen K, Gullestad L, Amundsen B, Aakhus S, Linhartova K, Sterbakova G, Necas J, Kovalova S, Cerbak R, Nelassov N, Korotkijan N, Shishkina A, Gagieva B, Nagaplev M, Eroshenko O, Morgunov M, Parmon S, Velthuis S, Van Gent M, Post M, Westermann C, Mager J, Snijder R, Koyalakonda SP, Anderson M, Burgess M, Bergenzaun L, Chew M, Ohlin H, Gjerdalen GF, Hisdal J, Solberg E, Andersen T, Radunovic Z, Steine K, Rutz T, Kuehn A, Petzuch K, Pekala M, Elmenhorst J, Fratz S, Mueller J, Hager A, Hess J, Vogt M, Van Der Linde D, Van De Laar I, Wessels M, Bekkers J, Moelker A, Tanghe H, Van Kooten F, Oldenburg R, Bertoli-Avella A, Roos-Hesselink J, Cresti A, Fontani L, Calabria P, Capati E, Severi S, Lynch M, Saraf S, Sandler B, Yoon S, Kim S, Ko C, Ryu S, Byun Y, Seo H, Ciampi Q, Rigo F, Pratali L, Gherardi S, Villari B, Picano E, Sicari R, Celutkiene J, Zakarkaite D, Skorniakov V, Zvironaite V, Grabauskiene V, Sinicyna J, Gruodyte G, Janonyte K, Laucevicius A, O'driscoll J, Schmid K, Marciniak A, Saha A, Gupta S, Smith R, Sharma R, Bouzas Mosquera A, Alvarez Garcia N, Peteiro J, Broullon F, Prada O, Rodriguez Vilela A, Barge Caballero G, Lopez Perez M, Lopez Sainz A, Castro Beiras A, Kochanowski J, Scislo P, Piatkowski R, Grabowski M, Marchel M, Roik M, Kosior D, Opolski G, Van De Heyning CM, Magne J, O'connor K, Mahjoub H, Pibarot P, Pirlet C, Pierard L, Lancellotti P, Clausen H, Basaggianis C, Newton J, Del Pasqua A, Carotti A, Di Carlo D, Cetrano E, Toscano A, Iacobelli R, Esposito C, Chinali M, Pongiglione G, Rinelli G, Larsson M, Larsson M, Bjallmark A, Winter R, Caidahl K, Brodin L, Velthuis S, Van Gent M, Mager J, Westermann C, Snijder R, Post M, Gao H, Coisne D, Lugiez M, Guivier C, Rieu R, D'hooge J, Lugiez M, Hang G, D'hooge J, Guerin C, Christiaens L, Menard M, Voigt JU, Coisne D, Dungu J, Campos G, Jaffarulla R, Gomes-Pereira S, Sutaria N, Baker C, Nihoyannopoulos P, Bellamy M, Adhya S, Harries D, Walker N, Pearson P, Reiken J, Batteson J, Kamdar R, Murgatroyd F, Monaghan M, D'andrea A, Riegler L, Scarafile R, Pezzullo E, Salerno G, Bossone E, Limongelli G, Russo M, Pacileo G, Calabro' R, Kang Y, Cui J, Chen H, Pan C, Shu X, Kiotsekoglou A, Saha S, Toole R, Govind S, Gopal A, Crispi F, Bijnens B, Sepulveda-Swatson E, Rojas-Benavente J, Dominguez J, Illa M, Eixarch E, Sitges M, Gratacos E, Prinz C, Faludi R, Walker A, Amzulescu M, Gao H, Uejima T, Fraser A, Voigt J, Esmaeilzadeh M, Maleki M, Amin A, Vakilian F, Noohi F, Ojaghi Haghighi Z, Nakhostin Davari P, Bakhshandeh Abkenar H, Rimbas R, Dulgheru R, Margulescu A, Florescu M, Vinereanu D, Toscano A, Chinali M, D' Asaro M, Iacobelli R, Del Pasqua A, Esposito C, Mizzon C, Parisi F, Pongiglione G, Rinelli G, Jung BC, Lee BY, Kang HJ, Kim S, Kim M, Kim Y, Cho D, Park S, Hong S, Lim D, Shim W, Bellsham-Revell H, Tibby S, Bell AJ, Miller OI, Greil G, Simpson JM, Providencia RA, Trigo J, Botelho A, Gomes P, Seca L, Barra S, Faustino A, Costa G, Quintal N, Leitao-Marques A, Nestaas E, Stoylen A, Fugelseth D, Mornos C, Ionac A, Petrescu L, Cozma D, Dragulescu D, Mornos A, Pescariu S, Fontana A, Abbate M, Cazzaniga M, Giannattasio C, Trocino G, Laser K, Faber L, Fischer M, Koerperich H, Kececioglu D, Elnoamany MF, Dawood A, Elhabashy M, Khalil Y, Fontana A, Abbate M, Cazzaniga M, Giannattasio C, Trocino G, Piriou N, Warin-Fresse K, Caza M, Fau G, Crochet D, Xhabija N, Allajbeu I, Petrela E, Heba M, Barreiro Perez M, Martin Fernandez M, Renilla Gonzalez A, Florez Munoz J, Fernandez Cimadevilla O, Alvarez Pichel I, Velasco Alonso E, Leon Duran D, Benito Martin E, Secades Gonzalez S, Gargani L, Pang P, Davis E, Schumacher A, Sicari R, Picano E, Silva Ferreira A, Bettencourt N, Matos P, Oliveira L, Almeida A, Maceira Gonzalez AM, Cosin-Sales J, Igual B, Lopez Lereu M, Monmeneu J, Estornell J, Tsverava M, Tsverava D, Varela A, Salagianni M, Galani I, Andreakos E, Davos C, Ikonomidis I, Lekakis J, Tritakis V, Kadoglou N, Papadakis J, Trivilou P, Tzortzis S, Koukoulis C, Paraskevaidis I, Anastasiou-Nana M, Kim G, Youn H, Park C, Ibrahimi P, Bajraktari G, Jashari F, Ahmeti A, Poniku A, Haliti E, Henein M, Pezo Nikolic B, Jurin H, Lovric D, Baricevic Z, Ivanac Vranesic I, Lovric Bencic M, Ernst A, Separovic Hanzevacki J. Poster Session 3: Friday 9 December 2011, 08:30-12:30 * Location: Poster Area. European Journal of Echocardiography 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
46
|
Behera MK, Sharma A, Dutta S, Sharma S, Julka PK, Rath GK, Kil WJ, Ko C, Kaushal A, Warran K, Ning H, Camphausen K, Smart D, Vern-Gross TZ, McMullen KP, Case LD, Bourland JD, Ellis TL, Lawrence JA, Tatter SB, Shaw EG, Urbanic JJ, Chan MD, Jensen RL, Shrieve DC, Mohindra P, Robins HI, Tome WA, Howard SP, Chen C, Damek D, Gaspar LE, Ney D, Waziri A, Lillehei K, Kavanagh BD, Wang CC, Floyd S, Chang CH, Warnke P, Chio CC, Kasper E, Mahadevan A, Wong E, Jeyapalan S, Chen C, Mahajan A, Grosshans D, McAleer MF, Brown PD, Chintagumpala M, Vats T, Puduvalli V, Yock T, Schulder M, Herschmann Y, Ghaly M, Knisely J, Ghaly M, Kapur A, Schulder M, Knisely J, Goetz P, Lwu S, Ebinu J, Arayee M, Monsalves E, Laperriere N, Menard C, Bernstein M, Zadeh G, Loganathan AG, Chan MD, Alphonse N, Peiffer AM, Johnson A, McMullen KP, Urbanic JJ, Saconn PA, Bourland JD, Munley MT, Shaw EG, Tatter SB, Ellis TL, Lwu S, Goetz P, Aryaee M, Monsalves E, Laperriere N, Menard C, Bernstein M, Zadeh G, Mahajan A, Lowe C, McAleer MF, Grosshans D, DeGroot J, Mark G, Vats T, Brown PD, Ruda R, Trevisan E, Magliola U, Bertero L, Bosa C, Ricardi U, Soffietti R, Rajappa P, Margetis K, Wernicke AG, Sherr DL, Lavi E, Fine RL, Schwartz T, Pannullo SC, Laack N, Blanchard M, Buckner J, Glass J, Andrews DW, Werner-Wasik M, Evans J, Lawrence YR, Shi W, Strauss I, Corn BW, Matceyevsky D, Alani S, Gez E, Shtraus N, Kanner AA, Spasic M, Choy W, Nagasawa D, Yang I, Noel M, Woolf E, Smith R, Castillo-Rojas P, Sorenson S, Smith K, Scheck AC, Han SJ, Oh MC, Sughrue ME, Rutkowski MJ, Aranda D, Barani IJ, Parsa AT, Redmond KJ, Horska A, Ishaq O, Ford E, McNutt T, Batra S, Kleinberg L, Wharam M, Mahone M, Terezakis S, Ryu S, Rock J, Movsas B, Mikkelsen T, Rosenblum M, Sabsevitz D, Bovi JA, Leo P, LaViolette P, Rand S, Mueller W, Phillips A, Venkatramani R, Olch A, Grimm J, Davidson T, Brown R, Dhall G, Finlay J, Wong K. RADIATION THERAPY. Neuro Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nor160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
47
|
Abstract
Leukocytes are rapidly recruited to the preovulatory ovary and play a crucial role as facilitators of ovulation and luteal formation. In this article, recent findings on leukocyte trafficking to the ovary, as well as the physiological role of leukocytes in the ovary, will be summarized and discussed. We then explore the novel hypothesis that the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovary (HPO) axis might include the spleen as a reservoir of leukocytes by summarizing recent reports on this topic, both in the fields of immunology and reproductive biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver R Oakley
- Division of Clinical and Reproductive Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kim HJ, Gieske MC, Trudgen KL, Hudgins-Spivey S, Kim BG, Krust A, Chambon P, Jeong JW, Blalock E, Ko C. Identification of estradiol/ERα-regulated genes in the mouse pituitary. J Endocrinol 2011; 210:309-21. [PMID: 21700660 DOI: 10.1530/joe-11-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen acts to prime the pituitary prior to the GnRH-induced LH surge by undiscovered mechanisms. This study aimed to identify the key components that mediate estrogen action in priming the pituitary. RNA extracted from the pituitaries of metestrous (low estrogen) and proestrus (high estrogen) stage mice, as well as from ovariectomized wild-type and estrogen receptor α (ERα) knockout mice treated with 17β-estradiol (E(2)) or vehicle, was used for gene expression microarray. Microarray data were then aggregated, built into a functional electronic database, and used for further characterization of E(2)/ERα-regulated genes. These data were used to compile a list of genes representing diverse biological pathways that are regulated by E(2) via an ERα-mediated pathway in the pituitary. This approach substantiates ERα regulation of membrane potential regulators and intracellular vesicle transporters, among others, but not the basic components of secretory machinery. Subsequent characterization of six selected genes (Cacna1a, Cacna1g, Cited1, Abep1, Opn3, and Kcne2) confirmed not only ERα dependency for their pituitary expression but also the significance of their expression in regulating GnRH-induced LH secretion. In conclusion, findings from this study suggest that estrogen primes the pituitary via ERα by equipping pituitary cells with critical cellular components that potentiate LH release on subsequent GnRH stimulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joon Kim
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Cho J, Kim H, Kang DW, Yanagisawa M, Ko C. Endothelin B Receptor (EDNRB) in Ovulation and Luteolysis. Biol Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/85.s1.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
50
|
Jeoung MJ, Shim S, Sapsford L, Trudgen K, Ko C, Gye MC, Bridges PJ. Hematopoietic Prostaglandin D Synthase: An ESR1-Dependent Synthase Required for Oviductal Epithelial Cell Viability. Biol Reprod 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/biolreprod/85.s1.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|