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Liénard MA, Baez-Nieto D, Tsai CC, Valencia-Montoya WA, Werin B, Johanson U, Lassance JM, Pan JQ, Yu N, Pierce NE. TRPA5 encodes a thermosensitive ankyrin ion channel receptor in a triatomine insect. iScience 2024; 27:109541. [PMID: 38577108 PMCID: PMC10993193 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
As ectotherms, insects need heat-sensitive receptors to monitor environmental temperatures and facilitate thermoregulation. We show that TRPA5, a class of ankyrin transient receptor potential (TRP) channels absent in dipteran genomes, may function as insect heat receptors. In the triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus (order: Hemiptera), a vector of Chagas disease, the channel RpTRPA5B displays a uniquely high thermosensitivity, with biophysical determinants including a large channel activation enthalpy change (72 kcal/mol), a high temperature coefficient (Q10 = 25), and in vitro temperature-induced currents from 53°C to 68°C (T0.5 = 58.6°C), similar to noxious TRPV receptors in mammals. Monomeric and tetrameric ion channel structure predictions show reliable parallels with fruit fly dTRPA1, with structural uniqueness in ankyrin repeat domains, the channel selectivity filter, and potential TRP functional modulator regions. Overall, the finding of a member of TRPA5 as a temperature-activated receptor illustrates the diversity of insect molecular heat detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjorie A. Liénard
- Department of Biology, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David Baez-Nieto
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Wendy A. Valencia-Montoya
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Balder Werin
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Urban Johanson
- Division of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jean-Marc Lassance
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Neuroethology, GIGA Institute, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jen Q. Pan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Naomi E. Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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Huang H, Overvig AC, Xu Y, Malek SC, Tsai CC, Alù A, Yu N. Leaky-wave metasurfaces for integrated photonics. Nat Nanotechnol 2023:10.1038/s41565-023-01360-z. [PMID: 37157023 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces have been rapidly advancing our command over the many degrees of freedom of light; however, so far, they have been mostly limited to manipulating light in free space. Metasurfaces integrated on top of guided-wave photonic systems have been explored to control the scattering of light off-chip with enhanced functionalities-namely, the point-by-point manipulation of amplitude, phase or polarization. However, these efforts have so far been limited to controlling one or two optical degrees of freedom at best, as well as device configurations much more complex compared with conventional grating couplers. Here we introduce leaky-wave metasurfaces, which are based on symmetry-broken photonic crystal slabs that support quasi-bound states in the continuum. This platform has a compact form factor equivalent to the one of grating couplers, but it provides full command over the amplitude, phase and polarization (four optical degrees of freedom) across large apertures. We present devices for phase and amplitude control at a fixed polarization state, and devices controlling all the four optical degrees of freedom for operation at a wavelength of 1.55 μm. Merging the fields of guided and free-space optics through the hybrid nature of quasi-bound states in the continuum, our leaky-wave metasurfaces may find applications in imaging, communications, augmented reality, quantum optics, LIDAR and integrated photonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqing Huang
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam C Overvig
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie C Malek
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andrea Alù
- Photonics Initiative, Advanced Science Research Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
- Physics Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Childers RAR, Bernard GD, Huang H, Tsai CC, Stoddard MC, Hogan BG, Greenwood JSF, Soucy ER, Cornwall M, Lim MLM, Liénard MA, Yu N, Pierce NE. A hypothesis for robust polarization vision: An example from the Australian Imperial Blue butterfly, Jalmenus evagoras. J Exp Biol 2023; 226:297475. [PMID: 36967715 PMCID: PMC10120070 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.244515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
The Australian lycaenid butterfly, Jalmenus evagoras, has iridescent wings that are sexually dimorphic, spectrally and in their degree of polarization, suggesting that these properties are likely to be important in mate recognition. We first describe the results of a field experiment showing that free-flying individuals of J. evagoras discriminate between visual stimuli that vary in polarization content in blue wavelengths but not in others. We then present detailed reflectance spectrophotometry measurements of the polarization content of male and female wings, showing that female wings exhibit blue-shifted reflectance, with a lower degree of polarization relative to male wings. Finally, we describe a novel method for measuring alignment of ommatidial arrays: By measuring variation of depolarized eyeshine intensity from patches of ommatidia as a function of eye rotation, we show that a) individual rhabdoms contain mutually perpendicular microvilli; b) many rhabdoms in the array have their microvilli misaligned with respect to neighboring rhabdoms by as much as 45°; c) the misaligned ommatidia are useful for robust polarization detection. By mapping the distribution of the ommatidial misalignments in eye patches of J. evagoras, we show that males and females exhibit differences in the extent to which ommatidia are aligned. Both the number of misaligned ommatidia suitable for robust polarization-detection, and the number of aligned ommatidia suitable for edge-detection, vary with respect to both sex and eye-patch elevation. Thus, J. evagoras exhibits finely-tuned ommatidial arrays suitable for perception of polarized signals, likely to match sex-specific life history differences in the utility of polarized signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A. Rabideau Childers
- Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Authors for correspondence (; ; )
| | - Gary D. Bernard
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Authors for correspondence (; ; )
| | - Heqing Huang
- Department of Applied Physics & Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Applied Physics & Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Mary Caswell Stoddard
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Benedict G. Hogan
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Joel S. F. Greenwood
- Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, 52 Oxford St - room 331, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Neurotechnology Core, Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Edward R. Soucy
- Center for Brain Science, Harvard University, 52 Oxford St - room 331, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Mark Cornwall
- Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Matthew Lek Min Lim
- Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 16 Science Drive 4, Singapore117558
| | - Marjorie A. Liénard
- Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Department of Biology, Lund University, 22362 Lund, Sweden
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics & Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Naomi E. Pierce
- Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Authors for correspondence (; ; )
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Yang CC, Wang MH, Soung HS, Tseng HC, Lin FH, Chang KC, Tsai CC. Through Its Powerful Antioxidative Properties, L-Theanine Ameliorates Vincristine-Induced Neuropathy in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040803. [PMID: 37107178 PMCID: PMC10135327 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
L-theanine (LT), which is a major amino acid found in green tea, was shown to alleviate Vincristine (VCR)-induced peripheral neuropathy and associated neuronal functional changes in rats. To induce peripheral neuropathy, rats were administered VCR at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally on days 1–5 and 8–12, while control rats received LT at doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally for 21 days or saline solution. Electrophysiological measurements were taken to evaluate the nerve functional loss and recovery through motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities. The sciatic nerve was examined for several biomarkers, including nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total calcium, IL-6, IL-10, MPO, and caspase-3. The results showed that VCR caused significant hyperalgesia and allodynia in rats; decreased nerve conduction velocity; increased NO and MDA levels; and decreased GSH, SOD, CAT, and IL-10 levels. LT was found to significantly reduce VCR-induced nociceptive pain thresholds, decrease oxidative stress levels (NO, MDA), increase antioxidative strength (GSH, SOD, CAT), and reduce neuroinflammatory activity and apoptosis markers (caspase-3). LT’s antioxidant, calcium homeostasis, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective properties make it a potential adjuvant to conventional treatment in VCR-induced neuropathy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei 11260, Taiwan
| | - Mao-Hsien Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, En Chu Kon Hospital, Sanshia District, New Taipei City 23702, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sheng Soung
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuan-Shan Br. of Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Yilan County 26604, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chien Tseng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chi Chang
- Institute of Taiwan Instrument Research, National Applied Research Laboratories, Hsinchu 300092, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-928260400
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Chan WP, Rabideau Childers R, Ashe S, Tsai CC, Elson C, Keleher KJ, Sipe RLH, Maier CA, Sourakov A, Gall LF, Bernard GD, Soucy ER, Yu N, Pierce NE. A high-throughput multispectral imaging system for museum specimens. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1318. [PMID: 36456867 PMCID: PMC9715708 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an economical imaging system with integrated hardware and software to capture multispectral images of Lepidoptera with high efficiency. This method facilitates the comparison of colors and shapes among species at fine and broad taxonomic scales and may be adapted for other insect orders with greater three-dimensionality. Our system can image both the dorsal and ventral sides of pinned specimens. Together with our processing pipeline, the descriptive data can be used to systematically investigate multispectral colors and shapes based on full-wing reconstruction and a universally applicable ground plan that objectively quantifies wing patterns for species with different wing shapes (including tails) and venation systems. Basic morphological measurements, such as body length, thorax width, and antenna size are automatically generated. This system can increase exponentially the amount and quality of trait data extracted from museum specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ping Chan
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Richard Rabideau Childers
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Sorcha Ashe
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Caroline Elson
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Kirsten J. Keleher
- grid.40803.3f0000 0001 2173 6074Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | - Rachel L. Hawkins Sipe
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Crystal A. Maier
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Andrei Sourakov
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Lawrence F. Gall
- grid.47100.320000000419368710Computer Systems Office & Division of Entomology, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Gary D. Bernard
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Edward R. Soucy
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XCenter for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Nanfang Yu
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Naomi E. Pierce
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XDepartment of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XMuseum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
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Lin JF, Liu YS, Huang YC, Chi CW, Tsai CC, Tsai TH, Chen YJ. Borneol and Tetrandrine Modulate the Blood-Brain Barrier and Blood-Tumor Barrier to Improve the Therapeutic Efficacy of 5-Fluorouracil in Brain Metastasis. Integr Cancer Ther 2022; 21:15347354221077682. [PMID: 35168384 PMCID: PMC8855435 DOI: 10.1177/15347354221077682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs for the treatment of brain metastasis may
be compromised by the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and blood–tumor barrier (BTB).
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is a multidrug resistance protein that potentially limits
the penetration of chemotherapeutics through the BBB and BTB. 5-Fluorouracil
(5-FU) is widely used to treat cancer. Bioactive constituents of medicinal
herbs, such as borneol and tetrandrine, potentially improve drug penetration
through the BBB and BTB. We hypothesized that borneol and tetrandrine might
modulate the BBB and BTB to enhance 5-FU penetration into the brain. To
investigate this, in vitro and in vivo models were developed to explore the
modulatory effects of borneol and tetrandrine on 5-FU penetration through the
BBB and BTB. In the in vitro models, barrier integrity, cell viability, barrier
penetration, P-gp activity, and NF-κB expression were assessed. In the in vivo
brain metastasis models, cancer cells were injected into the internal carotid
artery to evaluate tumor growth. The experimental results demonstrated that
borneol and borneol + tetrandrine reduced BBB integrity. The efflux pump
function of P-gp was partially inhibited by tetrandrine and
borneol + tetrandrine. In the in vivo experiment, borneol + tetrandrine
effectively prolonged survival without compromising body weight. In conclusion,
BBB and BTB integrity was modulated by borneol and borneol + tetrandrine. The
combination of borneol and tetrandrine could be used to improve the
chemotherapeutic control of brain metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Feng Lin
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Shuo Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chuen Huang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Chi
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen SM, Wang MH, Soung HS, Tseng HC, Fang CH, Lin YW, Yang CC, Tsai CC. Neuroprotective effect of l-theanine in a rat model of chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve-induced neuropathic pain. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 121:802-814. [PMID: 34531102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE We investigated the protective efficacy of l-theanine (LT), the major amino acid components of green tea, on chronic constriction injury (CCI) of sciatic nerve-induced neuropathic pain (NP) development and neuronal functional changes in rats. METHODS Rats with NP induced by CCI of the left sciatic nerve and sham-operated rats received LT or saline solution, with pain sensitive tests of thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia. Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities were measured after surgery. Subsequently, the rats were sacrificed; the sciatic nerve was excised, homogenized, prepared and subjected for estimation of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and caspase-3. RESULTS CCI produced a significant increase in hyperalgesia and allodynia, an increase in SFI, a decrease in nerve conduction velocity, increases in NO, MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MPO, and caspase-3 levels, as well as reduction of GSH, SOD, and CAT in the rat sciatic nerve. LT treatment significantly and dose-dependently alleviated CCI-induced nociceptive pain thresholds and ameliorated abnormal nerve conduction and functional loss in rats with CCI. Moreover, LT treatment reduced NO and MDA levels, increased antioxidative strength, and markedly suppressed the levels of neuroinflammatory and apoptotic markers in injured sciatic nerves. CONCLUSION This is the first report on the ameliorative effect of LT in CCI-induced NP in rats. This effect might be attributed to its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective, thus making it potentially useful as an adjuvant to conventional treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mao-Hsien Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, En Chu Kon Hospital, Sanshia District, New Taipei City, 23702, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Sheng Soung
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuan-Shan Br. of Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Yilan County, 26604, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiang-Chien Tseng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 11101, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Hsiang Fang
- China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 404332, Taiwan, ROC; Trauma and Emergency Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 404018, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Chuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nursing, Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, 11260, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan, ROC.
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Lin HY, Lin TY, Chien SC, Chu CL, Jhuang JY, Tsai CC. Spontaneous spinal epidural hemorrhage due to polycythemia vera. Formos J Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/fjs.fjs_92_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Liu YT, Chen GT, Huang YC, Ho JT, Lee CC, Tsai CC, Chang CN. Effectiveness of dose-escalated topiramate monotherapy and add-on therapy in neurosurgery-related epilepsy: A prospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23771. [PMID: 33350762 PMCID: PMC7769361 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lesional and symptomatic causes of epilepsy are the most common neurological disorders of the brain. Topiramate effectively controls newly diagnosed epilepsy and refractory focal seizures, but high-dose topiramate does not improve seizure control. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of dose-escalated topiramate as first-line monotherapy and add-on therapy in patients with neurosurgery-related epilepsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 55 neurosurgical patients with epilepsy were divided into monotherapy and add-on therapy groups and both groups received topiramate via the dose-escalation method. The primary efficacy outcomes were seizure-free rate and seizure response rate. Adverse events and seizure frequency were recorded. RESULTS The seizure response rate in the first month of monotherapy was significantly better than that of add-on therapy (89% vs 65%, P < .05), but no significant differences were found in seizure response rates between the 2 groups after 2 months of treatment. Both monotherapy and add-on therapy were effective in controlling seizures, with mean seizure frequency of 0.725 vs 0.536 and seizure-free rate of 88% vs 78.6%. Both treatments showed good improvement of seizure frequency in patients without tumor. The efficacy of monotherapy was better than that of add-on therapy (80% vs 29.2%) in patients with body mass index (BMI) ≤24. However, add-on therapy was better than monotherapy (76.7% vs 21.4%) in patients with BMI > 24. Dizziness (25.5%) and headache (16.4%) were the most common adverse events. No severe adverse event such as cognitive impairment was observed. CONCLUSIONS Dose-escalated topiramate monotherapy and add-on therapy demonstrate good efficacy and safety, with fewer adverse events in seizure control in neurosurgical patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tse Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and school of medicine
| | - Guo-Tai Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch and school of medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Cheng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and school of medicine
| | - Jih-Tsun Ho
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Branch and school of medicine
| | - Cheng-Chi Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch and school of medicine
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch and school of medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Nen Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi Branch and school of medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan
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10
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Yang CC, Chang KC, Wang MH, Tseng HC, Soung HS, Fang CH, Lin YW, Li KY, Tsai CC. l-Theanine improves functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury in rats. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 119:1405-1414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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11
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Chen Y, Mandal J, Li W, Smith-Washington A, Tsai CC, Huang W, Shrestha S, Yu N, Han RPS, Cao A, Yang Y. Colored and paintable bilayer coatings with high solar-infrared reflectance for efficient cooling. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaz5413. [PMID: 32426464 PMCID: PMC7182418 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz5413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Solar reflective and thermally emissive surfaces offer a sustainable way to cool objects under sunlight. However, white or silvery reflectance of these surfaces does not satisfy the need for color. Here, we present a paintable bilayer coating that simultaneously achieves color and radiative cooling. The bilayer comprises a thin, visible-absorptive layer atop a nonabsorptive, solar-scattering underlayer. The top layer absorbs appropriate visible wavelengths to show specific colors, while the underlayer maximizes the reflection of near-to-short wavelength infrared (NSWIR) light to reduce solar heating. Consequently, the bilayer attains higher NSWIR reflectance (by 0.1 to 0.51) compared with commercial paint monolayers of the same color and stays cooler by as much as 3.0° to 15.6°C under strong sunlight. High NSWIR reflectance of 0.89 is realized in the blue bilayer. The performances show that the bilayer paint design can achieve both color and efficient radiative cooling in a simple, inexpensive, and scalable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Chen
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jyotirmoy Mandal
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Wenxi Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ajani Smith-Washington
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, College of Arts and Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sajan Shrestha
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Corresponding author. (Y.Y.); (N.Y.)
| | - Ray P. S. Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Anyuan Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Corresponding author. (Y.Y.); (N.Y.)
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12
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Abstract
Epigastric hernia involving the falciform ligament is exceptionally rare. Most reported cases are incisional hernia secondary to prior abdominal surgery. We report a case of primary falciform ligament herniation into the epigastric region repaired by the laparoscopic preperitoneal approach. In this case, an accompanying vessel along the herniated falciform ligament was identified. This finding provides a basis for the hypothesis of a perforating vessel piercing the linea alba and thereby creating a weak point for hernia protrusion (Moschowitz theory). The patient had an uneventful recovery and was discharged home on the postoperative day two. A laparoscopic preperitoneal approach is feasible for the repair of primary falciform ligament herniation. The magnified endoscopic view enables surgeons to achieve definite repair without missing occult defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Liang
- Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K C Wang
- Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C C Tsai
- Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I S Chen
- Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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13
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Tsai CC, Childers RA, Nan Shi N, Ren C, Pelaez JN, Bernard GD, Pierce NE, Yu N. Physical and behavioral adaptations to prevent overheating of the living wings of butterflies. Nat Commun 2020; 11:551. [PMID: 31992708 PMCID: PMC6987309 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14408-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The wings of Lepidoptera contain a matrix of living cells whose function requires appropriate temperatures. However, given their small thermal capacity, wings can overheat rapidly in the sun. Here we analyze butterfly wings across a wide range of simulated environmental conditions, and find that regions containing living cells are maintained at cooler temperatures. Diverse scale nanostructures and non-uniform cuticle thicknesses create a heterogeneous distribution of radiative cooling that selectively reduces the temperature of structures such as wing veins and androconial organs. These tissues are supplied by circulatory, neural and tracheal systems throughout the adult lifetime, indicating that the insect wing is a dynamic, living structure. Behavioral assays show that butterflies use wings to sense visible and infrared radiation, responding with specialized behaviors to prevent overheating of their wings. Our work highlights the physiological importance of wing temperature and how it is exquisitely regulated by structural and behavioral adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Richard A Childers
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Norman Nan Shi
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- Western Digital, San Jose, CA, 95119, USA
| | - Crystal Ren
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Julianne N Pelaez
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Gary D Bernard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Naomi E Pierce
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
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14
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Li KY, Tsai CC, Lin TC, Wang YL, Lin FH, Lin CP. Fluorinated Montmorillonite and 3YSZ as the Inorganic Fillers in Fluoride-Releasing and Rechargeable Dental Composition Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010223. [PMID: 31963243 PMCID: PMC7023564 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries (tooth decay) is the most frequent oral disease in humans. Filling cavities with a dental restorative material is the most common treatment, and glass ionomer cements are the main fluoride ion release restorative materials. The goal of this study was to develop a restorative compound with superior fluoride ion release and recharge abilities. Previously developed fluorinated bentolite and hydrophobized 3YSZ were used as two different inorganic fillers mixed in a bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) matrix. XRD, FTIR, and TGA were used to determine the hydrophobic modification of these two inorganic fillers. In mechanical tests, including diameter tensile strength, flexural strength, and wear resistance, the developed composite resin was significantly superior to the commercial control. A WST-1 assay was used to confirm that the material displayed good biocompatibility. Furthermore, the simulation of the oral environment confirmed that the composite resin had good fluoride ion release and reloading abilities. Thus, the composite resin developed in this study may reduce secondary caries and provide a new choice for future clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Yuan Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.49, Fanglan Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (K.-Y.L.); (T.-C.L.)
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No.92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Zhongshan Dist., Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.49, Fanglan Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (K.-Y.L.); (T.-C.L.)
| | - Yin-Lin Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 1, Ren’ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10051, Taiwan;
- National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Changde St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10048, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.49, Fanglan Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (K.-Y.L.); (T.-C.L.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan Township, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (F.-H.L.); (C.-P.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2732-0443 (F.-H.L.); +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-P.L.)
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 1, Ren’ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10051, Taiwan;
- National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Changde St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10048, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (F.-H.L.); (C.-P.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2732-0443 (F.-H.L.); +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-P.L.)
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15
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Kuo FY, Cheng KC, Li Y, Cheng JT, Tsai CC. Promotion of Adropin Expression by Hyperglycemia Is Associated with STAT3 Activation in Diabetic Rats. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2269-2277. [PMID: 32636661 PMCID: PMC7334037 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s243755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adropin is a secreted polypeptide that has been demonstrated to play an important role in energy homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) may promote the transcription of target genes including adropin. In the current study, we investigated the effect of adropin on glucose metabolism in diabetic rats and the mechanism that governs this effect was subsequently assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats received a single injection of streptozotocin to induce type 1 diabetes. The diabetic rats were treated with insulin or phloridzin, another antidiabetic agent through inhibition of glucose reabsorption, for 7 days. Plasma glucose levels and adropin levels were measured. The interaction between STAT3 and adropin was evaluated using the human hepatoma HepG2 cell line. HepG2 cells were pretreated with the specific antagonist Stattic or with STAT3-specific siRNAs to knockout STAT3. Changes in energy homeostasis-associated gene expression were measured using real-time PCR. The protein expression levels of pSTAT3 and STAT3 were measured using Western blotting. RESULTS In diabetic rats, the serum concentrations of adropin were increased in the vehicle-treated group and decreased in the insulin- or phloridzin-treated group. In liver tissues, the Enho expression level and the activity of STAT3 also showed similar tendencies. After HepG2 cells were treated with medium containing high glucose, the ratio of p-STAT3 to STAT3, Enho mRNA levels and reactive oxygen species expression levels in HepG2 cells were significantly increased in conjunction with increased glucose levels. The effect was inhibited after pretreatment with Stattic or knockdown with STAT3-specific siRNAs. CONCLUSION STAT3 is involved in the genetic regulation of adropin, increasing the levels of circulating adropin and promoting Enho expression in the livers of diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yu Kuo
- Cardiovascular Centre, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung Citty, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chun Cheng
- Pharmacological Department of Herbal Medicine and Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima Unuversity, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yingxiao Li
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien97005, Taiwan
| | - Juei-Tang Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Juei-Tang Cheng Department of Medical Research,Chi-Mei Medical Center, No. 901, Zhonghua Road Yongkang District, Tainan71004, TaiwanTel +886-6-2517864 Email
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Cheng-Chia Tsai Department of Surgery,Mackay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec.2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei City10449, TaiwanTel +886-2-25433535 Email
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16
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Tseng HC, Wang MH, Chang KC, Soung HS, Fang CH, Lin YW, Li KY, Yang CC, Tsai CC. Protective Effect of (-)Epigallocatechin-3-gallate on Rotenone-Induced Parkinsonism-like Symptoms in Rats. Neurotox Res 2019; 37:669-682. [PMID: 31811588 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone (ROT)-induced neurotoxicity has been used for decades as an animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD) in humans. This model exhibits pathophysiological features similar to those reported in patients with PD, namely, striatal nitrosative and oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neural cytoarchitecture alteration. (-)Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant and potent green tea catechin, has notable anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. The objective of the present study was to investigate the potential protective effects of EGCG on ROT-induced motor and neurochemical dysfunctions in rats. Furthermore, we also aimed to study the neuroprotective mechanisms underlying these effects. ROT treatment (0.5 mg/kg s.c., 21 days) reduced body weight and induced significant motor impairments as assessed using an open-field test, rotarod test, grip strength measurement, and beam-crossing task. EGCG treatment (100 or 300 mg/kg i.p., 60 min prior to ROT administration, 21 days) prevented most of the ROT-induced motor impairments. Moreover, EGCG treatment reduced ROT-induced nitric oxide (NO) level and lipid peroxidation (LPO) production; increased the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), ATPase, and ETC enzymes and the levels of catecholamines in the striatum; and reduced the levels of neuroinflammatory and apoptotic markers. These results demonstrate the possible neuroprotective effects of EGCG against ROT-induced motor impairments, including anti-oxidatory effect, prevention of mitochondrial dysfunction, prevention of neurochemical deficiency, anti-neuroinflammatory effect, and anti-apoptotic effect. This is the first report about the neuroprotective effect of EGCG against ROT-induced motor impairments, and the above evidence provides a potential clinically relevant role for EGCG in delaying or treating human PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Chien Tseng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 11101, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mao-Hsien Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, En Chu Kon Hospital, Sanshia District, New Taipei City, 23702, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuo-Chi Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hung-Sheng Soung
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuan-Shan Br. of Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Yilan County, 26604, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Hsiang Fang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Keng-Yuan Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Chuan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 10449, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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17
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Lin HY, Lee YJ, Lin KC, Tsai CC. Clipping of spinal arteriovenous fistula of the filum terminale under intraoperative angiography guidance. Formos J Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/fjs.fjs_36_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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18
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Tseng HC, Tsai CC, Wang MH, Chang KC, Soung HS, Yang CC. Possible nitric oxide mechanism involved in the protective effect of L-theanine on haloperidol-induced orofacial dyskinesia. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2019; 62:17-26. [DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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19
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Tsai CC, Wan D, Lin HY, Lin KC. Simultaneous or staged operation? Timing of cranioplasty and ventriculoperitoneal shunt after decompressive craniectomy. Formos J Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/fjs.fjs_18_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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20
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Tsai CC, Wu HH, Chang CP, Lin CH, Yang HH. Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside reduces myocardial injury in heat stroke rats. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118:730-738. [PMID: 30245143 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside (CG), a calycosin derivative compound derived from Astragali Radix, has protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion injury as well as bacterial endotoxin-induced vascular cell injury. In the present study, we ascertained whether CG could reduce myocardial injury in heatstroke rats. METHODS Heat stroke was induced by exposing anaesthetized rats to heat stress (43 °C for 70 min). Rats were given an i.p. dose of CG (26.8 mg/ml/kg) or vehicle solution (ml/kg) 15 min before the start of heat stress and immediately after termination of heat stress. Left ventricular performance, myocardial injury markers in the blood, and myocardial damage scores were assessed in heat stroke rats treated with or without CG. Additionally, cardiac levels of oxidative stress and inflammatory status were estimated simultaneously. RESULTS At the time point of heat stroke onset, compared with normothermic controls, group rats with vehicle solution had significantly decreased survival rate, increased hyperthermia, decreased left ventricular stress markers, and increased cardiac damage scores. Compared with group rats with vehicle solution, group rats with CG had significantly improved survival rate, decreased hyperthermia, decreased cardiac ischemic, inflammatory, and oxidative damage. CONCLUSION We thus conclude that myocardial injury can be a pressing need for the design of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for heat stroke. In particular, our data indicate that CG protects against heat stroke in rats by mitigating myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Hsien Wu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tainan Municipal Hospital (Managed by Show Chwan Medical Care Corporation), Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsien Lin
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Hsi-Hsing Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
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22
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Cheng KC, Li Y, Chang WT, Chen ZC, Cheng JT, Tsai CC. Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3a (UBE3A) as a new biomarker of cardiac hypertrophy in cell models. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 27:355-364. [PMID: 30648591 PMCID: PMC9298619 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is widely diagnosed in clinical cardiac disorders. The pathophysiology of hypertrophy is complex and multifactorial, a series of molecular and cellular changes are participated, such as activation of different signaling pathways, a switch of fetal gene program in the myocardium, and apoptosis. Some biomarkers have been applied to assess cardiac hypertrophy including atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP), brain/B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP), and α- or β- Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) in addition to others. Recently, ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A (UBE3A) has been observed to increase in cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, UBE3A as a new biomarker seems valuable in the clinic. The cardiac hypertrophy is induced in rat-derived heart cell line H9c2 cells by potassium bromate (KBrO3), high glucose (HG), or isoproterenol (Iso), respectively. As an oxidizing agent, KBrO3 increased cell size at concentrations less than 250 μM. Similarly, HG and Iso also induced cardiac hypertrophy in H9c2 cells. Interestingly, each kind of the cell models promoted the gene expression of the well-known biomarkers of cardiac hypertrophy including atrial natri-uretic peptides (ANP) and brain/B-type natriuretic peptides (BNP). Additionally, UBE3A is also raised with the signals involved in cardiac hypertrophy such as calcineurin and nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) determined using Western blots. KBrO3 increased the protein levels of these signals and the specific inhibitor, such as cyclosporine A and tacrolimus, attenuated the signaling in H9c2 cells at concentrations sufficient to inhibit calcineurin in addition to the reduction of mRNA levels of UBE3A, similar to ANP or BNP. Moreover, HG or Iso also significantly increased protein levels of UBE3A in H9c2 cells. Taken together, we provided a new view that UBE3A is markedly raised in cardiac hypertrophy using various cell models, mainly through the activation of the calcineurin/
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890, Japan
| | - Yingxiao Li
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, 890, Japan; Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, 71003, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, 71003, Taiwan
| | - Zhih-Cherng Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, 71003, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy & Science, Jean-Tae City, Tainan County, 71701, Taiwan
| | - Juei-Tang Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, 71003, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Gueiren, Tainan City, 71101, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Mackay Medical University, Taipei City, 25245, Taiwan.
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Shi NN, Tsai CC, Carter MJ, Mandal J, Overvig AC, Sfeir MY, Lu M, Craig CL, Bernard GD, Yang Y, Yu N. Nanostructured fibers as a versatile photonic platform: radiative cooling and waveguiding through transverse Anderson localization. Light Sci Appl 2018; 7:37. [PMID: 30839604 PMCID: PMC6107007 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-018-0033-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Broadband high reflectance in nature is often the result of randomly, three-dimensionally structured materials. This study explores unique optical properties associated with one-dimensional nanostructures discovered in silk cocoon fibers of the comet moth, Argema mittrei. The fibers are populated with a high density of air voids randomly distributed across the fiber cross-section but are invariant along the fiber. These filamentary air voids strongly scatter light in the solar spectrum. A single silk fiber measuring ~50 μm thick can reflect 66% of incoming solar radiation, and this, together with the fibers' high emissivity of 0.88 in the mid-infrared range, allows the cocoon to act as an efficient radiative-cooling device. Drawing inspiration from these natural radiative-cooling fibers, biomimetic nanostructured fibers based on both regenerated silk fibroin and polyvinylidene difluoride are fabricated through wet spinning. Optical characterization shows that these fibers exhibit exceptional optical properties for radiative-cooling applications: nanostructured regenerated silk fibers provide a solar reflectivity of 0.73 and a thermal emissivity of 0.90, and nanostructured polyvinylidene difluoride fibers provide a solar reflectivity of 0.93 and a thermal emissivity of 0.91. The filamentary air voids lead to highly directional scattering, giving the fibers a highly reflective sheen, but more interestingly, they enable guided optical modes to propagate along the fibers through transverse Anderson localization. This discovery opens up the possibility of using wild silkmoth fibers as a biocompatible and bioresorbable material for optical signal and image transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Nan Shi
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Michael J. Carter
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Jyotirmoy Mandal
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Adam C. Overvig
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Matthew Y. Sfeir
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - Ming Lu
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973 USA
| | - Catherine L. Craig
- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Gary D. Bernard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 USA
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24
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Fan CC, Chiu YC, Liu C, Lai WW, Cheng CH, Lin DL, Li GR, Lo YH, Chang CW, Tsai CC, Chang CY. The Impact of the Shallow-Trench Isolation Effect on Flicker Noise of Source Follower MOSFETs in a CMOS Image Sensor. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2018; 18:4217-4221. [PMID: 29442765 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2018.15239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The flicker noise of source follower transistors is the dominant noise source in image sensors. This paper reports a systematic study of the shallow trench isolation effect in transistors with different sizes under high temperature conditions that correspond to the quantity of empty defect sites. The effects of shallow trench isolation sidewall defects on flicker noise characteristics are investigated. In addition, the low-frequency noise and subthreshold swing degrade simultaneously in accordance to the device gate width scaling. Both serious subthreshold leakage and considerable noise can be attributed to the high trap density near the STI edge. Consequently, we propose a coincidental relationship between the noise level and the subthreshold characteristic; its trend is identical to the experiments and simulation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Fan
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan
| | - Y C Chiu
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan
| | - C Liu
- Department of Electro-Physics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan
| | - W W Lai
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan
| | - C H Cheng
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - D L Lin
- Himax Technologies, Inc., Tainan City 74148, Taiwan
| | - G R Li
- Himax Technologies, Inc., Tainan City 74148, Taiwan
| | - Y H Lo
- Himax Technologies, Inc., Tainan City 74148, Taiwan
| | - C W Chang
- Himax Technologies, Inc., Tainan City 74148, Taiwan
| | - C C Tsai
- Himax Technologies, Inc., Tainan City 74148, Taiwan
| | - C Y Chang
- Department of Electronics Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City 30010, Taiwan
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25
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Hu CK, Chen SJ, Lin JF, Wu CY, Tsai CC. Midline Lumbar Fusion Using Cortical Bone Trajectory Screws for Elderly Patients. INT J GERONTOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijge.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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26
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Chu TP, Tsai CC, Chan WC, Tzen CY, Chang YC. Solitary pituitary metastasis from breast cancer that presented as visual field defect. Journal of Cancer Research and Practice 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrpr.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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27
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Hsu CP, Chang CK, Chiang MF, Tsai CC, Chen SJ. Endoscopic endonasal trans-sphenoidal approach for pituitary fossa tumor: Outcome analysis of 39 consecutive procedures. Journal of Cancer Research and Practice 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrpr.2015.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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28
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Chen CN, Chang KC, Lin RF, Wang MH, Shih RL, Tseng HC, Soung HS, Tsai CC. Nitric oxide pathway activity modulation alters the protective effects of (-)Epigallocatechin-3-gallate on reserpine-induced impairment in rats. Behav Brain Res 2016; 305:198-211. [PMID: 26944334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reserpine (RES) has been reported to increase the brain's neural oxidative stress and cause cognitive dysfunction. Having powerful antioxidative properties, green tea catechins, especially (-)epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), are able to protect against many oxidative injuries. In this study, we examined the protecting properties of EGCG on RES-induced impairment of short-term memory in three-month-old male Wistar rats. RES (1mg/kg i.p.) induced memory impairment (p<0.001) as evaluated by the social recognition task. EGCG treatment (100mg/kg i.p. for 7days, starting 6days before RES injection) was able to improve the impaired memory caused by RES. RES treatment increased the nitric oxide (NO) level and lipid peroxidation (LPO) production, and decreased the antioxidation power in hippocampi. EGCG treatment was able to counteract the RES-induced NO level and LPO production, as well as enhanced the hippocampal antioxidation power in RES-treated rats. In order to examine the implication of NO pathway activity in RES treatment, either NO precursor (L-arginine; L-A) or NO synthase inhibitor (L-NAME; L-N) was co-pretreated with EGCG; NO precursor treatment eliminated the protective effect of EGCG, in contrast to that NO synthase inhibitor treatment significantly increased the EGCG effects on cognitive and biochemical protection in RES-treated rats. These results suggested that the NO pathway was implicated, at least in part, in the RES-induced impairment, as well as in the protective effect of EGCG in treating RES-induced impairment of memory. The above evidence provides a clinically relevant value for EGCG in preventing RES-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Neng Chen
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taitung br. of Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taitung 95054, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Chi Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rui-Feng Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mao-Hsien Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, En Chu Kon Hospital, Sanshia District, New Taipei City 23702, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Optometry, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 30015, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ruoh-Lan Shih
- Department of Anesthesia, En Chu Kon Hospital, Sanshia District, New Taipei City 23702, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiang-Chien Tseng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Sheng Soung
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuan-Shan br. of Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Yilan County 26604, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC.
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29
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Tsai CC, Hsieh CF, Hung CC, Chao CM, Lai CC. Sister Mary Joseph nodule. QJM 2015. [PMID: 26221042 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcv135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C C Tsai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C F Hsieh
- Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C C Hung
- Department of Nursing, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - C M Chao
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - C C Lai
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan.
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30
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Lin YS, Kuan CS, Weng IS, Tsai CC. Cultivar identification and genetic relationship of pineapple (Ananas comosus) cultivars using SSR markers. Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:15035-43. [PMID: 26634465 DOI: 10.4238/2015.november.24.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The genetic relationships among 27 pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.] cultivars and lines were examined using 16 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The number of alleles per locus of the SSR markers ranged from 2 to 6 (average 3.19), for a total of 51 alleles. Similarity coefficients were calculated on the basis of 51 amplified bands. A dendrogram was created according to the 16 SSR markers by the unweighted pair-group method. The banding patterns obtained from the SSR primers allowed most of the cultivars and lines to be distinguished, with the exception of vegetative clones. According to the dendrogram, the 27 pineapple cultivars and lines were clustered into three main clusters and four individual clusters. As expected, the dendrogram showed that derived cultivars and lines are closely related to their parental cultivars; the genetic relationships between pineapple cultivars agree with the genealogy of their breeding history. In addition, the analysis showed that there is no obvious correlation between SSR markers and morphological characters. In conclusion, SSR analysis is an efficient method for pineapple cultivar identification and can offer valuable informative characters to identify pineapple cultivars in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Lin
- Crops Improvement Division, Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - C S Kuan
- Department of Horticulture, Chiayi Agricultural Experimental Station, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - I S Weng
- Crops Improvement Division, Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - C C Tsai
- Crops Improvement Division, Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
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31
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Shapovalyants SG, Michalev AI, Timofeev ME, Polushkin VG, Volkov VV, Oettinger AP, Lorenz R, Koch A, Köckerling F, Burcharth J, Andresen K, Pommergaard HC, Bisgaard T, Rosenberg J, Friis-Andersen H, Li JW, Le F, Zheng MH, Roscio F, Combi F, Frattini P, Clerici F, Scandroglio I, Zhao X, Nie Y, Liu J, Wang M, Kuo L, Tsai CC, Mok KT, Liu SI, Chen IS, Chou NH, Wang BW, Chen YC, Chang BM, Liang TJ, Kang CH, Tsai CY, Dudai M, Zeng YJ, Liu TL, Shi CM, Sun L, Shu R, Kawaguchi M, Takahashi Y, Tochimoto M, Horiguchi Y, Kato H, Tawaraya K, Hosokawa O, Huang C, Sorge A, Masoni L, Maglio R, Di Marzo F, Mosconi C, Gallinella Muzi M, Kato J, Iuamoto L, Meyer A, Almehdi R, Alazri Y, Sahoo B, Ahmed R, Nasser M, Inaba T, Fukuhsima R, Yaguchi Y, Horikawa M, Ogawa E, Kumata Y, Pokorny H, Fischer I, Resinger C, Lorenz V, Podar S, Längue F, Etherson K, Atkinson K, Khan S, Pradeep R, Viswanath Y, Munipalle PC, Chung J, Schuricht A, Magalhães C, Marcos M, Flores A, Sekmen U, Paksoy M, Ceriani F, Cutaia S, Canziani M, Caravati F. Inguinal Hernia: Recurrences, Tailored Surgery & Pubic Inguinal Pain Syndrome (Sportsman Hernia). Hernia 2015; 19 Suppl 1:S167-75. [PMID: 26518795 DOI: 10.1007/bf03355345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S G Shapovalyants
- Department of Hospital Surgery 2, Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Michalev
- Department of Hospital Surgery 2, Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M E Timofeev
- Department of Hospital Surgery 2, Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V G Polushkin
- Department of Hospital Surgery 2, Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Volkov
- Department of Hospital Surgery 2, Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A P Oettinger
- Institution of Applied Medical Sciences, Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - R Lorenz
- Hernia Center 3 Chirurgen, Berlin, Germany
| | - A Koch
- Surgical Practise, Cottbus, Germany
| | - F Köckerling
- Klinik für Allgemein, Viszeral und Gefäβchirurgie, Vivantes Klinikum Spandau, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Burcharth
- Center for Perioperative Optimization, Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - K Andresen
- Center for Perioperative Optimization, Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H-C Pommergaard
- Center for Perioperative Optimization, Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - T Bisgaard
- Department of Surgery, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark.,The Danish Hernia Database, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Rosenberg
- Center for Perioperative Optimization, Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.,The Danish Hernia Database, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - J W Li
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - F Roscio
- Department of Surgery - Division of General Surgery, Galmarini Hospital, Tradate, Italy
| | - F Combi
- Department of Surgery - Division of General Surgery, Galmarini Hospital, Tradate, Italy
| | - P Frattini
- Department of Surgery - Division of General Surgery, Galmarini Hospital, Tradate, Italy
| | - F Clerici
- Department of Surgery - Division of General Surgery, Galmarini Hospital, Tradate, Italy
| | - I Scandroglio
- Department of Surgery - Division of General Surgery, Galmarini Hospital, Tradate, Italy
| | - X Zhao
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | - L Kuo
- Department of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M Dudai
- Hernia Excellence, Ramat Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Y J Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hernia, The first affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - T L Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hernia, The first affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - C M Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hernia, The first affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hernia, The first affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - R Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hernia, The first affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - M Kawaguchi
- Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Takahashi
- Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - M Tochimoto
- Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Y Horiguchi
- Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - H Kato
- Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - K Tawaraya
- Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - O Hosokawa
- Yokohama Sakae Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - C Huang
- Cathay medical center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taipei medical university, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A Sorge
- Ospedale S. Giovanni Bosco, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - R Maglio
- Ospedale Israelitico, Roma, Italy
| | - F Di Marzo
- Ospedale S. Giovanni Bosco, Napoli, Italy
| | - C Mosconi
- Policlinico Universitario Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | | | - J Kato
- University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L Iuamoto
- University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A Meyer
- Abdominal Wall Repair Center, Samaritano Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - T Inaba
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - R Fukuhsima
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Yaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Horikawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - E Ogawa
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Kumata
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Pokorny
- LK Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - K Etherson
- Department of Surgery, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - K Atkinson
- Department of Surgery, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - S Khan
- Department of Surgery, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - R Pradeep
- Department of Surgery, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Y Viswanath
- Department of Surgery, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, UK
| | | | - J Chung
- University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, USA
| | - A Schuricht
- University of Pennsylvania Health System, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - M Marcos
- Centro Hospitalar Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute Cuf, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Flores
- Centro Hospitalar Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute Cuf, Porto, Portugal
| | - U Sekmen
- Acibadem Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Paksoy
- Dept. of Gen. Surg., Istanbul Uni. Cerrahpasa Med. School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - F Ceriani
- Multimedica Santa Maria, Castellanza, Va, Italy
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32
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Lai JM, Tsai CC, Yen CR, Ko YZ, Chen SR, Weng IS, Lin YS, Chiang YC. Molecular characterization of twenty polymorphic microsatellite markers in the polyploid fruit tree species Syzygium samarangense (Myrtaceae). Genet Mol Res 2015; 14:13013-21. [PMID: 26505454 DOI: 10.4238/2015.october.21.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. & Perry (wax apple) is an important commercial fruit tree in Southeast Asia. Here, microsatellite markers were developed to evaluate genetic diversity and distinguish cultivars in this species. In total, 161 microsatellite loci with sufficient flanking sequences to design primer sets were isolated from wax apple using a magnetic bead-enrichment method. Fifty-eight primer sets were designed based on the flanking sequences of each single sequence repeat (SSR) locus and were tested using 14 wax apple cultivars/lines. Twenty SSR loci were found to be polymorphic and transferable across the 14 wax apple cultivars/lines. The number of alleles and effective number of alleles detected per locus ranged from 4 to 12 and from 1.697 to 9.800, respectively. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.150 to 0.595 (mean = 0.414). Polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.502 to 0.866 (mean = 0.763). These new microsatellite loci will be of value for characterization of genetic diversity in wax apples and for the identification of cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Lai
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - C C Tsai
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - C R Yen
- National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Y Z Ko
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S R Chen
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - I S Weng
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Y S Lin
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Y C Chiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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33
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Liu CC, Lee YC, Tsai VFS, Cheng KH, Wu WJ, Bao BY, Huang CN, Yeh HC, Tsai CC, Wang CJ, Huang SP. The interaction of serum testosterone levels and androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism on the risk of erectile dysfunction in aging Taiwanese men. Andrology 2015. [PMID: 26216079 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone has been found to play important roles in men's sexual function. However, the effects of testosterone can be modulated by androgen receptor (AR) CAG repeat polymorphism. It could also contribute to the risk of erectile dysfunction (ED). The aim of this study is to evaluate the interaction of serum testosterone levels and AR CAG repeat polymorphism on the risk of ED in aging Taiwanese men. This cross-sectional data of Taiwanese men older than 40 years were collected from a free health screening held between August 2010 and August 2011 in Kaohsiung city, Taiwan. All participants completed a health questionnaires included five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) and the International Prostate Symptoms Score, received a detailed physical examination and provided 20 cm3 whole blood samples for biochemical and genetic evaluation. The IIEF-5 was used to evaluate ED. Serum albumin, total testosterone (TT), and sex hormone-binding globulin levels were measured. Free testosterone level was calculated. AR gene CAG repeat polymorphism was determined by direct sequencing. Finally, 478 men with the mean age of 55.7 ± 4.8 years were included. When TT levels were above 330 ng/dL, the effect of testosterone level on erectile function seemed to reach a plateau and a significantly negative correlation between AR CAG repeat length and the score of IIEF-5 was found (r = -0.119, p = 0.034). After adjusting for other covariates, the longer AR CAG repeat length was still an independent risk factor for ED in subjects with TT above 330 ng/dL (p = 0.006), but not in TT of 330 ng/dL or below. In conclusion, both serum testosterone levels and AR CAG repeat polymorphism can influence erectile function concomitantly. In subjects with normal TT concentration, those with longer AR CAG repeat lengths have a higher risk of developing ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Liu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Depratment of Urology, Pingtung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Executive Yuan, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Y C Lee
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - V F S Tsai
- Department of Urology, Ten-Chan General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - K H Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - W J Wu
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - B Y Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - C N Huang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - H C Yeh
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C C Tsai
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C J Wang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - S P Huang
- Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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34
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Shi NN, Tsai CC, Camino F, Bernard GD, Yu N, Wehner R. Keeping cool: Enhanced optical reflection and radiative heat dissipation in Saharan silver ants. Science 2015; 349:298-301. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aab3564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Saharan silver ants, Cataglyphis bombycina, forage under extreme temperature conditions in the African desert. We show that the ants’ conspicuous silvery appearance is created by a dense array of triangular hairs with two thermoregulatory effects. They enhance not only the reflectivity of the ant’s body surface in the visible and near-infrared range of the spectrum, where solar radiation culminates, but also the emissivity of the ant in the mid-infrared. The latter effect enables the animals to efficiently dissipate heat back to the surroundings via blackbody radiation under full daylight conditions. This biological solution for a thermoregulatory problem may lead to the development of biomimetic coatings for passive radiative cooling of objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Nan Shi
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fernando Camino
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Gary D. Bernard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nanfang Yu
- Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rüdiger Wehner
- Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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35
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Tsai CC, Chuang TW, Chen LJ, Niu HS, Chung KM, Cheng JT, Lin KC. Increase in apoptosis by combination of metformin with silibinin in human colorectal cancer cells. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:4169-4177. [PMID: 25892866 PMCID: PMC4394077 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i14.4169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of metformin on silibinin-induced apoptosis in human colorectal cancer (COLO 205) cells.
METHODS: MTT assays were performed to quantify cell viability. Western blot assays were applied to identify the expression of signaling proteins.
RESULTS: The combined treatment of COLO 205 cells with metformin and silibinin decreased cell survival at a dose insufficient to influence the non-malignant cells [Human colonic epithelial cells (HCoEpiC)]. Silibinin and metformin increased phosphatase and tensin homolog and 5’-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase expression in COLO 205 cells and inhibited the phosphorylation of mammol/Lalian target of rapamycin. This combined treatment resulted in an increase in the expression of activated caspase 3 and apoptosis inducing factor, indicating apoptosis.
CONCLUSION: The combined treatment of human colorectal cancer cells with silibinin and metformin may induce apoptosis at a dose that does not affect HCoEpiC. This finding reveals a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Wang MH, Lin RF, Tseng HC, Soung HS, Chang KC, Tsai CC. (-) Epigallocatechin-3-gallate attenuates reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia and oxidative stress in rat striatum. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 131:71-6. [PMID: 25668129 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Reserpine-induced orofacial dyskinesia (OD) has been used for decades as an animal model for human tardive dyskinesia (TD) because both of them have pathophysiology strongly associated with striatal oxidative stress. Green tea catechins, especially (-) epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), have potent antioxidative effects and are able to protect against various oxidative injuries. In this study, we examined the potential protective effects of EGCG on reserpine-induced behavioral and neurochemical dysfunction in rats. Reserpine treatment (1mg/kgs.c. one injection every other day, three injections total) induced significant increases (p<0.001) in the frequency of vacuous chewing movement (VCM) and tongue protrusion (TP) as well as the duration of facial twitching (FT). EGCG treatment (100mg/kgi.p. for 11days, starting 7days before the reserpine injections) was able to prevent most of the reserpine-induced OD. Also, EGCG treatment was able to reduce the reserpine-induced lipid peroxidation (LPO) production, and enhances the antioxidation power in the striatum of reserpine-treated rats. The above results indicate that EGCG has a protective role against reserpine-induced OD, probably via its powerful antioxidative properties. Thus, EGCG may possible have a clinically relevant therapeutic effect in preventing, delaying or even treating TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Hsien Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, En Chu Kon Hospital, Sanshia District, New Taipei City 23702, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Optometry, Yuanpei University, Hsinchu 30015, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rui-Feng Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiang-Chien Tseng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan, ROC; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hung-Sheng Soung
- Department of Psychiatry, Yuan-Shan br. of Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Yilan County 26604, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuo-Chi Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan, ROC; Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan, ROC.
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Shyong YJ, Tsai CC, Lin RF, Soung HS, Hsieh HC, Hsueh YS, Chang KC, Lin FH. Insulin-loaded hydroxyapatite combined with macrophage activity to deliver insulin for diabetes mellitus. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:2331-2340. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01639d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
InsHAP is engulfed by macrophages and the lysosome/endosome hybrid is broken down by osmosis, which facilitates delivery of insulin into the bloodstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Jye Shyong
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Mackay Memorial Hospital
- Taipei City 10449
- Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control
| | - Rui-Feng Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Mackay Memorial Hospital
- Taipei City 10449
- Taiwan
| | - Hung-Sheng Soung
- Department of Psychiatry
- Yuan-Shan br. of Taipei Veteran General Hospital
- Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hui-Chen Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Hsueh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chi Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Division of Medical Engineering
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Tsai CC, Chen LJ, Niu HS, Chung KM, Cheng JT, Lin KC. Allantoin activates imidazoline I-3 receptors to enhance insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2014. [DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-11-41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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Cheng SY, Chang CK, Chen SJ, Lin JF, Tsai CC. Chronic Subdural Hematoma in Elderly Taiwan Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of 342 Surgical Cases. INT J GERONTOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijge.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Abstract
Sinapic acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid contained in plants. In an attempt to know the hyperglycemic effect of sinapic acid, this study applied streptozotocin (STZ) to induce type 1-like diabetic rats and fed fructose-rich chow to induce type 2-like diabetic rats. Sinapic acid dose-dependently reduced the hyperglycemia of STZ-diabetic rats (9.8 ± 1.8%, 11.6 ± 0.7%, and 19.4 ± 3.2% at 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 25 mg/kg, respectively). Also, sinapic acid attenuated the postprandial plasma glucose without changing plasma insulin in rats. Repeated treatment of sinapic acid increased the gene expression of GLUT4 in soleus muscle of STZ-diabetic rats. Moreover, sinapic acid enhanced glucose uptake into isolated soleus muscle and L6 cells (337.0 ± 29.6%). Inhibition of phospholipase C (PLC) using U73122 (1.00 ± 0.02 μg/mg protein) or protein kinase C (PKC) using chelerythrine (0.97 ± 0.02 μg/mg protein) attenuated the sinapic acid-stimulated glucose uptake (1.63 ± 0.02 μg/mg protein) in L6 cells. Otherwise, the reduced glucose infusion rate (GIR) in fructose-rich chow-fed rats was also raised by sinapic acid. Our results suggest that sinapic acid ameliorates hyperglycemia through PLC-PKC signals to enhance the glucose utilization in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yih-Giun Cherng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital , and Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , New Taipei City 10361, Taiwan
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Lin JF, Tsai CC. Surgical Role of Interspinous Distraction Devices (Coflex, DIAM) for the Treatment of Neurologic Pain and Intermittent Claudication Due to Lumbar Spinal Stenosis. INT J GERONTOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijge.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Gan X, Clevenson H, Tsai CC, Li L, Englund D. Nanophotonic filters and integrated networks in flexible 2D polymer photonic crystals. Sci Rep 2013; 3:2145. [PMID: 23828320 PMCID: PMC3701891 DOI: 10.1038/srep02145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymers have appealing optical, biochemical, and mechanical qualities, including broadband transparency, ease of functionalization, and biocompatibility. However, their low refractive indices have precluded wavelength-scale optical confinement and nanophotonic applications in polymers. Here, we introduce a suspended polymer photonic crystal (SPPC) architecture that enables the implementation of nanophotonic structures typically limited to high-index materials. Using the SPPC platform, we demonstrate nanophotonic band-edge filters, waveguides, and nanocavities featuring quality (Q) factors exceeding 2, 300 and mode volumes (V(mode)) below 1.7(λ/n)(3). The unprecedentedly high Q/V(mode) ratio results in a spectrally selective enhancement of radiative transitions of embedded emitters via the cavity Purcell effect with an enhancement factor exceeding 100. Moreover, the SPPC architecture allows straightforward integration of nanophotonic networks, shown here by a waveguide-coupled cavity drop filter with sub-nanometer spectral resolution. The nanoscale optical confinement in polymer promises new applications ranging from optical communications to organic opto-electronics, and nanophotonic polymer sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuetao Gan
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
- School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China
| | - Hannah Clevenson
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - Luozhou Li
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - Dirk Englund
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
- Dept. of Applied Physics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
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Lin HS, Tsai CC, Chang CK, Chen SJ. Giant intracranial mesenchymal chondrosarcoma with uncal herniation. Formosan Journal of Surgery 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fjs.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Abstract
We present a general approach for coupling a specific mode in a planar photonic crystal (PC) waveguide to a desired free-space mode. We apply this approach to a W1 PC waveguide by introducing small index perturbations to selectively couple a particular transverse mode to an approximately Gaussian, slowly diverging free space mode. This "perturbative photonic crystal waveguide coupler" (PPCWC) enables efficient interconversion between selectable propagating photonic crystal and free space modes with minimal design perturbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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Abstract
This study investigated the feasibility of reusing wastewater sludge ash in construction materials to replace partial materials. Wastewater sludge sampled from thermal power plant was burned into sludge ash at 800°C in the laboratory. The sludge incineration ash has low heavy metal including Pb, Cd, Cr and Cu, so it belongs to general enterprise waste. The chemical composition of sludge incineration ash was summed up in SiO₂, CaO, Fe₂O₃ and MgO. Then the wastewater sludge ash is also found to be a porous material with irregular surface. When the sludge ash was used to replace mortar or concrete cement, its water-adsorption capability will result in the reduction of mortar workability and compressive strength. Cement is being substituted for sludge ash, and 10 percent of sludge ash is more appropriate. Sludge ash is reused to take the place of construction materials and satisfies the requests of standard specification except for higher water absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Chang
- The Instrument Center of NCKU, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City 701, Chinese Taiwan.
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Wang Y, Huang WC, Wang CY, Tsai CC, Chen CL, Chang YT, Kai JI, Lin CF. Inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3 reduces endotoxaemic acute renal failure by down-regulating inflammation and renal cell apoptosis. Br J Pharmacol 2009; 157:1004-13. [PMID: 19508392 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00284.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Excessive inflammation and apoptosis are pathological features of endotoxaemic acute renal failure. Activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is involved in inflammation and apoptosis. We investigated the effects of inhibiting GSK-3 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute renal failure, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), inflammation and apoptosis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The effects of inhibiting GSK-3 with inhibitors, including lithium chloride (LiCl) and 6-bromo-indirubin-3'-oxime (BIO), on LPS-treated (15 mg x kg(-1)) C3H/HeN mice (LiCl, 40 mg x kg(-1) and BIO, 2 mg x kg(-1)) and LPS-treated (1 microg x mL(-1)) renal epithelial cells (LiCl, 20 mM and BIO, 5 microM) were studied. Mouse survival was monitored and renal function was analysed by histological and serological examination. Cytokine and chemokine production, and cell apoptosis were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labelling staining, respectively. Activation of NF-kappaB and GSK-3 was determined by immunostaining and Western blotting, respectively. KEY RESULTS Mice treated with GSK-3 inhibitors showed decreased mortality, renal tubular dilatation, vacuolization and sloughing, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and renal cell apoptosis in response to endotoxaemia. Inhibiting GSK-3 reduced LPS-induced tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and CCL5/RANTES (released upon activation of normal T-cells) in vivo in mice and in vitro in murine kidney cortical collecting duct epithelial M1 cells. Inhibiting GSK-3 did not block TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity in rat kidney proximal tubular epithelial NRK52E or in M1 cells. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These results suggest that GSK-3 inhibition protects against endotoxaemic acute renal failure mainly by down-regulating pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha and RANTES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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Tsai CC, Choi J, Cho S, Lee SJ, Sarma BK, Thompson C, Chernyashevskyy O, Nevirkovets I, Ketterson JB. Microwave absorption measurements using a broad-band meanderline approach. Rev Sci Instrum 2009; 80:023904. [PMID: 19256659 DOI: 10.1063/1.3070471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We describe a technique that permits broad-band, field-dependent ferromagnetic and electron paramagnetic resonance absorption measurements that is applicable to thin films and patterned micro-/nanostructured arrays and is based on a wire-wound meanderline approach. Techniques to prepare meanderlines and perform microwave measurements are described along with some demonstrations involving an electron paramagnetic resonance calibration/test material, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl, and a ferromagnetic cobalt thin film.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Tsai
- Department of Engineering and Management of Advanced Technology, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan
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Lin HS, Lin JF, Chang CK, Tsai CC, Chen SJ. Cerebral sinus thrombosis with intracerebral hemorrhage in pregnancy: a case report. Acta Neurol Taiwan 2008; 17:189-193. [PMID: 18975526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A 29-year-old woman who was pregnant for 12 weeks presented with headache for one week and drowsiness for two days. Computed tomography of the brain revealed multifocal hematomas with mass effect. Decompressive craniectomy was done to relieve the increased intracranial pressure. Magnetic resonance angiography and cerebral angiography were subsequently performed, both demonstrating thrombosis of the left transverse sinus. Treatment of sinus thrombosis generally includes correction of increased intracranial pressure and administration of anticoagulants, such as heparin. However, in this case heparin was contraindicated for the presence of intracranial bleeding, a clinical dilemma that requires careful considerations to balance treatment risks and benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Shih Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Mackey Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tsai JH, Liu JY, Wu TT, Ho PC, Huang CY, Shyu JC, Hsieh YS, Tsai CC, Liu YC. Effects of silymarin on the resolution of liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. J Viral Hepat 2008; 15:508-14. [PMID: 18397225 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2008.00971.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Silymarin, a standardized extract of the milk thistle (Silybum marianum), has a long tradition as a herbal remedy, and was introduced as a hepatoprotective agent a few years ago. However, the therapeutic effects of silymarin remain undefined. Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a xenobiotic used extensively to induce oxidative stress and is one of the most widely used hepatic toxins for experimental induction of liver fibrosis in the laboratory. In this study, we investigated the restoration of the CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis by high dose of silymarin in rats. After treatment with oil (as normal group; n = 6) or CCl4 [as model (n = 7) and therapeutic (n = 7) groups] by intragastric delivery for 8 weeks for the induction of liver fibrosis, the rats in the normal and model group were administered orally normal saline four times a week for 3 weeks whilst the therapeutic group received silymarin (200 mg/kg). The histopathological changes were observed with Masson staining. The results showed that the restoration of the CCl4-induced damage of liver fibrosis in the therapeutic group was significantly increased as compared to that in the model group. Moreover, silymarin significantly decreased the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in serum, and also reversed the altered expressions of alpha-smooth muscle actin in liver tissue. Therefore, these findings indicated that silymarin may have the potential to increase the resolution of the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Tsai
- Basic Medical Science Education Center, College of Medicine and Health, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Emau P, Tian B, O'keefe BR, Mori T, McMahon JB, Palmer KE, Jiang Y, Bekele G, Tsai CC. Griffithsin, a potent HIV entry inhibitor, is an excellent candidate for anti-HIV microbicide. J Med Primatol 2007; 36:244-53. [PMID: 17669213 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.2007.00242.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The predominant mode of HIV-1 transmission is by heterosexual contact. The cervical/vaginal mucosa is the main port of HIV entry in women. A safe and effective topical microbicide against HIV is urgently needed to prevent sexual transmission. Hence, we evaluated griffithsin (GRFT), a 12.7 kDa carbohydrate-binding protein, both native and recombinant GRFT, potently inhibited both CXCR4-and CCR5-tropic HIV infection and transmission in vitro. METHODS The antiviral efficacy of native and recombinant GRFT against CXCR4-and CCR5-tropic HIV and SHIV strains and SIVmac251 was evaluated by in vitro assays. We also evaluated the time course of antiviral activity and stability of GRFT in cervical/vaginal lavage as a function of pH 4-8. RESULTS Griffithsin blocked CXCR4-and CCR5-tropic viruses at less than 1 nm concentrations and exhibited a high potency. GRFT was stable in cervical/vaginal lavage fluid and maintained a similar potency of anti-HIV activity. GRFT is not only a highly potent HIV entry inhibitor, but also prevents cell fusion and cell-to-cell transmission of HIV. CONCLUSIONS The in vitro efficacy of GRFT revealed low cytotoxicity, high potency, rapid onset of antiviral activity and long-term stability in cervical/vaginal lavage. GRFT is an excellent candidate for anti-HIV microbicide development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Emau
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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