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Medeiros PB, Bailey C, Pollock D, Liley H, Gordon A, Andrews C, Flenady V. Neonatal near-miss audits: a systematic review and a call to action. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:573. [PMID: 37978460 PMCID: PMC10655277 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal near-miss (NNM) can be considered as an end of a spectrum that includes stillbirths and neonatal deaths. Clinical audits of NNM might reduce perinatal adverse outcomes. The aim of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of NNM audits for reducing perinatal mortality and morbidity and explore related contextual factors. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, LILACS and SciELO were searched in February/2023. Randomized and observational studies of NNM clinical audits were included without restrictions on setting, publication date or language. PRIMARY OUTCOMES perinatal mortality, morbidity and NNM. SECONDARY OUTCOMES factors contributing to NNM and measures of quality of care. Study characteristics, methodological quality and outcome were extracted and assessed by two independent reviewers. Narrative synthesis was performed. RESULTS Of 3081 titles and abstracts screened, 36 articles had full-text review. Two studies identified, rated, and classified contributing care factors and generated recommendations to improve the quality of care. No study reported the primary outcomes for the review (change in perinatal mortality, morbidity and NNM rates resulting from an audit process), thus precluding meta-analysis. Three studies were multidisciplinary NNM audits and were assessed for additional contextual factors. CONCLUSION There was little data available to determine the effectiveness of clinical audits of NNM. While trials randomised at patient level to test our research question would be difficult or unethical for both NNM and perinatal death audits, other strategies such as large, well-designed before-and-after studies within services or comparisons between services could contribute evidence. This review supports a Call to Action for NNM audits. Adoption of formal audit methodology, standardised NNM definitions, evaluation of parent's engagement and measurement of the effectiveness of quality improvement cycles for improving outcomes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Medeiros
- Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
- Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Sunshine Coast, QLD, Australia.
| | - C Bailey
- Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - D Pollock
- JBI, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - H Liley
- Mater Research, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - A Gordon
- Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C Andrews
- Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - V Flenady
- Centre of Research Excellence in Stillbirth, Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Uetsu Y, Houston D, Bailey C, Kilpatrick S. Association of the origin of contamination and species of microorganisms with short-term survival in dogs with septic peritonitis. Aust Vet J 2023; 101:83-89. [PMID: 36424833 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between anatomical location of contamination and mortality in dogs with gastrointestinal and biliary origin of septic peritonitis. METHODS Medical records at two private referral hospitals between 2003 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Cases were included if the origin of contamination was confirmed intraoperatively within the gastrointestinal or biliary tract. Cases were excluded if the dog died or was euthanized intraoperatively or where the data regarding the origin of contamination were not available. The association of anatomical origin with survival was assessed specifying the locations as stomach, small intestine, large intestine and biliary tract. The gastrointestinal tract origin was further subdivided into pylorus, nonpylorus, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon. RESULTS The overall survival rate was 75.9% (n = 44/58). There were no significant differences in survival among different anatomical origins of contaminations before or after subdivision (P = 0.349 and 0.832, respectively). Also, there was no association between isolated microorganism species in microbiological culture and the anatomical origin (P = 0.951) and the microorganism species was not associated with survival (P = 0.674). CONCLUSIONS There was no association between anatomical location of leakage, microorganism species and survival although further studies are warranted to analyse the relationships between anatomical leakage site and microorganism species as well as microorganism species and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Uetsu
- North Shore Veterinary, Specialist & Emergency Centre, Artarmon, New South Wales, Australia
| | - D Houston
- Small Animal Specialist Hospital, Prospect, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Bailey
- North Shore Veterinary, Specialist & Emergency Centre, Artarmon, New South Wales, Australia
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Crook B, Bailey C, Sykes A, Hoyle MC, Evans C, Poller B, Makison-Booth C, Pocock D, Tuudah C, Athan B, Hall S. Validation of personal protective equipment ensembles, incorporating powered air-purifying respirators protected from contamination, for the care of patients with high-consequence infectious diseases. J Hosp Infect 2023; 134:71-79. [PMID: 36716796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The UK High-Consequence Infectious Diseases (HCID) Network of high-level isolation units provides care for patients with contact- or airborne-transmissible highly infectious and highly dangerous diseases. In most HCID units, the healthcare workers (HCWs) wear personal protective equipment (PPE) ensembles incorporating a powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR) for head and respiratory protection. Some PAPRs have components worn outside/over other PPE, necessitating decontamination of re-usable elements. Two alternative PAPRs, with all re-usable elements worn under PPE, were trialled in this study. AIM To undertake scenario-based testing of PAPRs and PPE to determine usability, comfort and ability to remove contaminated PPE without personal cross-contamination. METHODS Trained healthcare volunteers (N=20) wearing PAPR/PPE ensembles were sprayed with ultraviolet fluorescent markers. They undertook exercises to mimic patient care, and subsequently, after doffing the contaminated PPE following an established protocol, any personal cross-contamination was visualized under ultraviolet light. Participants also completed a questionnaire to gauge how comfortable they found the PPE. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS The ensembles were tested under extreme 'worst case scenario' conditions, augmented by physical and manual dexterity tests. Participating volunteers considered the exercise to be beneficial in terms of training and PPE evaluation. Data obtained, including feedback from questionnaires and doffing buddy observations, supported evidence-based decisions on the PAPR/PPE ensemble to be adopted by the HCID Network. One cross-contamination event was recorded in the ensemble chosen; this could be attributed to doffing error, and could therefore be eliminated with further practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Crook
- Health Capability Group, Science and Research Centre, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK.
| | - C Bailey
- Health Capability Group, Science and Research Centre, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK
| | - A Sykes
- Infection Prevention and Control, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, UK
| | - M C Hoyle
- ID/HCID Unit, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Royal Liverpool and Broad Green University Hospitals NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - C Evans
- Department of Virology, Laboratory Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - B Poller
- Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK; Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, Edinburgh, UK
| | - C Makison-Booth
- Health Capability Group, Science and Research Centre, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK; World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - D Pocock
- Health Capability Group, Science and Research Centre, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK; Cabinet Office, Kings Court, Sheffield, UK
| | - C Tuudah
- Directorate of Infection, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - B Athan
- High-Level Isolation Unit, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S Hall
- Health Capability Group, Science and Research Centre, Health and Safety Executive, Buxton, UK
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Freitag F, Valverde A, Jensen M, Sanchez A, Gomez D, Bailey C. Comparison of rostral spread of lumbosacral epidural volume calculated by body weight or length of the vertebral column in dogs. Vet Anaesth Analg 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Gallastegui N, Steiner BUK, Aguero P, Bailey C, Kruse-Jarres R, Quon DV, Hanacek C, Volland LM, Barnes RFW, von Drygalski A. The role of point-of-Care Musculoskeletal Ultrasound for Routine Joint evaluation and management in the Hemophilia Clinic - A Real World Experience. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:1111. [PMID: 36539778 PMCID: PMC9768915 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-06042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) for point-of-care (POC) evaluation of hemophilic arthropathy is growing rapidly. However, the extent to which MSKUS influences clinical treatment decisions is unknown. METHODS We conducted a three-year, prospective, multi-center study at three hemophilia treatment centers in the United States to evaluate the utilization of POC-MSKUS for routine clinical decision-making in adult persons with hemophilic arthropathy. Bilateral elbows, knees and ankles were assessed clinically [Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS)] and with POC-MSKUS by the Joint TissueActivity and Damage Exam (JADE) protocol at baseline and approximately annually for two additional times. Treatment decisions, including physical therapy (PT) and "medical" (joint injections/aspirations, referrals to orthopedics, changes/adjustments of hemostatic plans, and use of oral anti-inflammatory medications) were recorded in relation to POC-MSKUS. RESULTS Forty-four persons [median age 37 years (IQR 29, 51)], mostly with severe Hemophilia A on clotting factor prophylaxis, completed 129 visits, yielding 792 joint exams by POC-MSKUS and HJHS [median at baseline 27 (IQR 18, 42)] over a median follow up of 584 days (range: 363 to 1072). Among 157 management decisions, 70% were related to PT plans (n = 110) and 30% were "medical". Point-of-care MSKUS influenced 47/110 (43%) PT plans, mostly informing treatment of specific arthropathic joints (45/47 plans) in patients with high HJHS. Physical therapy plans influenced by POC-MSKUS directed more manual therapy/therapeutic exercises, while plans based on physical exam were focused more on global exercises and wellness. Treatment decisions were mostly based on the identification of specific musculoskeletal abnormalities visualized by POC-MSKUS. Of note 20/47 (43%) POC-MSKUS plans included de-escalation strategies, thereby reducing exercise intensity, mostly for joint instability and subclinical hemarthroses. Point-of-care MSKUS also informed 68% (32/47) of "medical" decisions, surprisingly mostly for injections/aspirations and referrals to orthopedics, and not for adjustments of hemostatic treatment. Although not formally studied, ultrasound images were used frequently for patient education. CONCLUSION Routine joint evaluations with POC-MSKUS resulted in few changes regarding medical management decisions but had a profound effect on the formulation of PT plans. Based on these findings, new studies are essential to determine the benefit of MSKUS-informed management plans on joint health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Gallastegui
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Diego, CA San Diego, USA ,grid.261331.40000 0001 2285 7943Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, OH Columbus, USA
| | - BUK Steiner
- Washington Center for Bleeding Disorders, WA Seattle, USA
| | - P Aguero
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Diego, CA San Diego, USA
| | - C Bailey
- grid.489149.90000 0004 5900 1331The Orthopaedic Hemophilia Treatment Center, Orthopaedic Institute for Children, Los Angeles California, USA
| | - R Kruse-Jarres
- Washington Center for Bleeding Disorders, WA Seattle, USA
| | - DV Quon
- grid.489149.90000 0004 5900 1331The Orthopaedic Hemophilia Treatment Center, Orthopaedic Institute for Children, Los Angeles California, USA
| | - C Hanacek
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Diego, CA San Diego, USA ,Department of General Medical Education, KPC Health. Hemet, CA, USA 1810 Cannon Drive, Suite 1150E, OH Columbus, USA
| | - LM Volland
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Diego, CA San Diego, USA ,grid.422264.40000 0004 0542 3790National Hemophilia Foundation, NYC NY, USA
| | - RFW Barnes
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Diego, CA San Diego, USA
| | - A von Drygalski
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Diego, CA San Diego, USA
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Chen JC, Fang C, Zheng RH, Chen ML, Kim DH, Lee YH, Bailey C, Wang KJ, Lee JS, Bo J. Environmentally relevant concentrations of microplastics modulated the immune response and swimming activity, and impaired the development of marine medaka Oryzias melastigma larvae. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2022; 241:113843. [PMID: 36068765 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs), due to their impacts on the ecosystem and their integration into the food web either through trophic transfer or ingestion directly from the ambient environment, are an emerging class of environmental contaminants posing a great threat to marine organisms. Most reports on the toxic effects of MPs exclusively focus on bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, pathological damage, and metabolic disturbance in fish. However, the collected information on fish immunity in response to MPs is poorly defined. In particular, little is known regarding mucosal immunity and the role of mucins. In this study, marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) larvae were exposed to 6.0 µm beads of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) at three environmentally relevant concentrations (102 particles/L, 104 particles/L, and 106 particles/L) for 14 days. The experiment was carried out to explore the developmental and behavioural indices, the transcriptional profiles of mucins, pro-inflammatory, immune, metabolism and antioxidant responses related genes, as well as the accumulation of PS-MPs in larvae. The results revealed that PS-MPs were observed in the gastrointestinal tract, with a concentration- and exposure time-dependent manner. No significant difference in the larval mortality was found between the treatment groups and the control, whereas the body length of larvae demonstrated a significant reduction at 106 particles/L on 14 days post-hatching. The swimming behaviour of the larvae became hyperactive under exposure to 104 and 106 particles/L PS-MPs. In addition, PS-MP exposure significantly up-regulated the mucin gene transcriptional levels of muc7-like and muc13-like, however down-regulated the mucin gene expression levels of heg1, muc2, muc5AC-like and muc13. The immune- and inflammation and metabolism-relevant genes (jak, stat-3, il-6, il-1β, tnf-а, ccl-11, nf-κb, and sod) were significantly induced by PS-MPs at 104 and 106 particles/L compared to the control. Taken together, this study suggests that PS-MPs induced inflammation response and might obstruct the immune functions and retarded the growth of the marine medaka larvae even at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Can Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Rong-Hui Zheng
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Ming-Liang Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Young-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Christyn Bailey
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid 28130, Spain
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Sorensen A, Salas Atwell M, Koroukian S, Bailey C, Briggs F. A-44 Experiences of Adversity and Validity of Baseline Concussion Testing. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acac32.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: This study examined the relationship between individual-level experiences of social adversity and baseline computerized concussion testing validity (Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing; ImPACT). Methods: This study involved 6495 student-athletes born between 1995 and 2005 who completed a baseline ImPACT test between 10 and 18 years old and could be identified in the Child-Household Integrated Longitudinal Data (CHILD) System, a continuously updated integrated and comprehensive data system that captures detailed individual-level demographic, social service usage, and educational outcomes on every child born or living in Cuyahoga County, Ohio from 1989 to present. Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted with experiences of SNAP/TANF enrollment, substantiated abuse or neglect incidents, and extreme neighborhood deprivation occurring in the sensitive developmental periods of early childhood and adolescence as key predictors of baseline test validity. Results: Our findings suggest that social mobility may play an important role in baseline validity. Youth with upward social mobility (poverty or neighborhood deprivation in early childhood only) were not significantly different than youth without such experiences (OR = 0.91, p = 0.74). Youth with persistent adversity across childhood or downward social mobility (poverty or high neighborhood deprivation in adolescence only) had 50–72% lower odds of achieving a valid baseline test (persistent poverty: OR = 0.59, p = 0.05; adolescent poverty only: OR = 0.50, p = 0.004; adolescent neighborhood deprivation only: OR = 0.28, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: These findings suggest certain patterns of social adversity may predispose youth to invalid computerized concussion baseline testing scores, potentially increasing their risk of inaccurate injury management and poor outcomes.
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Rubin A, Bailey C, Strepparava N, Wahli T, Segner H, Rubin JF. Reliable Field Assessment of Proliferative Kidney Disease in Wild Brown Trout, Salmo trutta, Populations: When Is the Optimal Sampling Period? Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11060681. [PMID: 35745535 PMCID: PMC9230507 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD), caused by the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, is suspected to contribute to the decline of wild brown trout Salmo trutta populations. Different factors need to be taken into consideration for PKD outbreaks. Among them, water temperature appears as a main driver of the disease. To understand the epidemiology and impact of the disease on wild fish populations, reliable sampling approaches to detect the presence of T. bryosalmonae-infected fish are needed. This study aimed to characterize the seasonal variation of the prevalence of T. bryosalmonae-infected fish in brown trout populations in two small streams with differing temperature regimes between upstream and downstream sites. As water temperature is known to influence PKD manifestation in brown trout, we hypothesized that the number of T. bryosalmonae-positive fish, as well as their seasonal distribution, will vary between upper and downstream parts of the two streams. Since, in field studies, results can strongly vary across years, we extended the study over a 3-year-period. The number of infected fish and the intensity of infection were assessed by histology. The results confirmed the hypothesis of pronounced temporal- and site-related differences in the percentage of PKD-positive fish and the intensity of the infection. Comparison of water temperatures (total degree days as well as the number of days with a daily mean temperature ≥15 °C) with PKD data indicated that temperature was the driving factor for the temporal development and the intensity of the infection. A mean of 1500 degree days or 30 days with a daily mean temperature ≥15 °C was required before the infection could be detected histologically. From our findings, recommendations are derived for a water temperature-driven sampling strategy campaigns that enables the detection of PKD infection and prevalence in wild brown trout populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Rubin
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (C.B.); (N.S.); (T.W.); (H.S.)
- La Maison de la Rivière, 1131 Tolochenaz, Switzerland;
- Land, Nature, Environment Institute, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-215-462-060
| | - Christyn Bailey
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (C.B.); (N.S.); (T.W.); (H.S.)
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA), 28130 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicole Strepparava
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (C.B.); (N.S.); (T.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Thomas Wahli
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (C.B.); (N.S.); (T.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (C.B.); (N.S.); (T.W.); (H.S.)
| | - Jean-François Rubin
- La Maison de la Rivière, 1131 Tolochenaz, Switzerland;
- Land, Nature, Environment Institute, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 1202 Geneva, Switzerland
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Bailey C, Stumpf F, Raymond A, Richard H, Kim K, Fang A. Abstract No. 150 Retrospective comparative analysis of inferior vena cava filter retrieval in patients with and without filter strut arterial abutment/penetration. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Bell SF, Collis RE, Bailey C, James K, John M, Kelly K, Kitchen T, Scarr C, Macgillivray E, Collins PW. Corrigendum to "The incidence, aetiology, and coagulation management of massive postpartum haemorrhage: a two-year national prospective cohort study" [Int J Obstet Anesth 2021;47:102983]. Int J Obstet Anesth 2022; 51:103549. [PMID: 35623997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2022.103549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S F Bell
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.
| | - R E Collis
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - C Bailey
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Bodelwyddan, UK
| | - K James
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - M John
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Newport, UK
| | - K Kelly
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Bodelwyddan, UK
| | - T Kitchen
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - C Scarr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - P W Collins
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Martel J, Addo K, Kim Y, Hamdan F, Demo H, Bonavita G, Li J, Ahmad S, Shah S, Delurgio D, Bailey C, Shim J. Impact of mapping technology on procedural characteristics during radiofrequency or cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation for atrial fibrillation. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/Introduction: Cryoballoon ablation (CBA) is often associated with shorter procedure times along with tradeoffs such as increased fluoroscopy use compared to radiofrequency (RF) ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), however the impact of mapping technology on these characteristics is not fully understood.
Purpose
To assess the effect of mapping technology on trends in fluoroscopy use and procedure times in AF pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedures with an RF or CBA catheter.
Methods
Acute procedure data from 210 de novo AF cases using a 3D mapping system was prospectively collected from 48 centers in eight countries. Choice of technology was left to physician discretion; a PVI only ablation strategy was utilized in all cases. Procedure data such as total procedure and fluoroscopy times from cases using either an RF or CBA catheter with either a grid-style mapping catheter (HD Grid) or circular mapping catheter (CMC) were compared.
Results
Of the 210 cases, RF ablation was used in 103 (49%), and CBA used in 107 (51%). In RF cases, a relatively even split between CMC and HD Grid use was observed (n=46, 45% vs. n=57, 55%), while a CMC was used in 100% of CBA cases (Figure 1). Across all cases, fluoroscopy and procedure times were significantly shorter when HD Grid was used (7.4±26.7 minutes; 108.2±46.3 minutes) compared to a CMC (20.4±17.6 minutes; 133.7±62.7) (p<0.001; p=0.003). A similar trend was also observed in RF cases using HD Grid (7.4±26.7 minutes; 108.2±46.3 minutes) compared to a CMC (17.9±12.3 minutes; 175.1±50.5) (p=0.01; p<0.001). Fluoroscopy times in RF cases with HD Grid (7.4±26.7 minutes) were significantly shorter compared to CBA cases with a CMC (21.5±19.4 minutes) (p<0.001), while procedure times were similar (108.2±46.3 minutes; 116.0±59.2 minutes, p=0.20).
Conclusion(s)
Use of HD Grid resulted in significantly shorter procedure and fluoroscopy times compared to a CMC across all cases, including those using RF ablation. Fluoroscopy times were also significantly shorter in RF cases using HD Grid compared to CBA cases using a CMC, with similar procedure times. These observations suggest that use of HD Grid may better enable safer and more efficient PVI, specifically when employing RF ablation, in addition to safer and equally efficient RF PVI compared to CBA with a CMC. Further study in in a larger, randomized cohort may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martel
- South Miami Hospital, Miami, United States of America
| | - K Addo
- Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Y Kim
- Korea University, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - F Hamdan
- Aultman Hospital, Canton, United States of America
| | - H Demo
- Swedish Hospital, Chicago, United States of America
| | - G Bonavita
- Aultman Hospital, Canton, United States of America
| | - J Li
- ProMedica Toledo Hospital, Toledo, United States of America
| | - S Ahmad
- Kettering Medical Center, Dayton, United States of America
| | - S Shah
- Virginia Arrhythmia Consultants, Richmond, United States of America
| | - D Delurgio
- Emory Saint Joseph’s Hospital, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - C Bailey
- Abbott, St. Paul, United States of America
| | - J Shim
- Korea University, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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12
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Shah S, Shim J, Martel J, Addo K, Delurgio D, Demo H, Hamdan F, Bonavita G, Li J, Bailey C, Kim Y. Global preferences in mapping technology and its impact on fluoroscopy and procedure times during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/Introduction
Choice in mapping technology may play a critical role in reducing fluoroscopy and procedure times during atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation, however this relationship is not well studied.
Purpose
To assess the impact of mapping technology on trends in fluoroscopy use and procedure times in AF ablation procedures.
Methods
Acute procedure data from 525 AF cases was prospectively collected from 68 centers in nine countries. Choice of technology and ablation strategy, including PVI and substrate modification, were left to physician discretion. Procedure data such as total procedure and fluoroscopy times from cases using a grid-style mapping catheter (HD Grid) were compared to those using a circular mapping catheter (CMC).
Results
Of the 525 cases, HD Grid was used in 230 (44%), and CMC was used in 295 (56%). HD Grid was routinely used for both de novo and redo procedures while CMC was used predominantly for de novo procedures (Table 1). Similar procedure times were noted in redo PAF and redo PersAF procedures, while significantly shorter procedure times were observed for the HD Grid group in both de novo PAF and PersAF (113.9±48.8 vs. 125.9±56.3 minutes, p=0.04; and 142.8±53.2 vs. 169.8±52.2 minutes, p=0.001).
Overall fluoroscopy times were significantly shorter using HD Grid compared to a CMC (9.0±19.6 minutes vs. 19.8±16.4 minutes, p<0.001), including significantly shorter fluoroscopy times in de novo PAF, de novo PersAF, and redo PAF (Table 1). There were 155 cases completed without fluoroscopy use; zero fluoroscopy cases accounted for 50% (114/230) and 14% (41/295) of total cases completed with HD Grid and a CMC, respectively (p<0.001).
Conclusion(s)
Use of HD Grid was observed in a significantly higher portion of zero fluoroscopy cases and resulted in significantly shorter procedure and fluoroscopy times in both de novo PAF and de novo PersAF and significantly shorter fluoroscopy times in redo PAF. These observations suggest that use of HD Grid may better enable faster and safer procedures in these specific AF types compared to CMCs, although further analysis in a larger, randomized cohort may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shah
- Virginia Arrhythmia Consultants, Richmond, United States of America
| | - J Shim
- Korea University, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
| | - J Martel
- South Miami Hospital, Miami, United States of America
| | - K Addo
- Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, United States of America
| | - D Delurgio
- Emory Saint Joseph’s Hospital, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - H Demo
- Swedish Hospital, Chicago, United States of America
| | - F Hamdan
- Aultman Hospital, Canton, United States of America
| | - G Bonavita
- Aultman Hospital, Canton, United States of America
| | - J Li
- ProMedica Toledo Hospital, Toledo, United States of America
| | - C Bailey
- Abbott, St. Paul, United States of America
| | - Y Kim
- Korea University, Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
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Kottmaier M, Inaba O, Phillips K, Adsett M, Hayes J, Gkalapis C, Lengauer S, Clementy N, Bailey C, Kaneko S. Initial experience using a novel algorithm to calculate omnipolar electrograms using a high-density grid-style catheter. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background/Introduction
A novel mapping algorithm recently became available in Europe and select countries in the Asia Pacific region. EnSite Omnipolar Technology (OT) utilizes the Advisor HD Grid Mapping Catheter, Sensor Enabled (HD Grid) to calculate electrograms in 360 degrees from two bipolar and three unipolar electrograms acquired from a triangular set of three electrodes. This software also enables calculation of wavefront characteristics including maximum voltage, activation direction and wave speed. Procedural characteristics and clinical utilization of this novel software have not yet been reported.
Purpose
To examine the clinical utility and procedural characteristics associated with the use of this novel mapping algorithm among participating centers.
Methods
Acute procedural data were prospectively collected in 386 cases at 52 centers utilizing the newly approved mapping software in the initial phases of commercialization in Europe and the Asia Pacific region. Procedural characteristics recorded included indication for mapping/ablation, navigation mode, mapping reference, and maps and tools used to diagnose/locate ablation targets.
Results
A total of 14 indications for mapping and ablation were represented including AF, atypical flutter, and VT (Table 1). VoXel (magnetic primary) navigation mode was used in most cases (n=325, 84%). The CS catheter was used as the map reference in 280 cases (73%). A variety of workflows were used with OT to diagnose and locate ablation targets including voltage maps (n=275, 71%), LAT maps (n=226, 59%), OT activation vectors (n=124, 32%), propagation maps (n=94, 24%), and sparkle maps (n=69, 18%); note: total exceeds 100%, multiple workflows per case observed. EnSite LiveView Dynamic Display (LiveView) was used in 129 cases (33%) to diagnose and locate ablation targets, including 28 (22%) where OT activation vectors were used with LiveView. Several benefits of OT were reported including rapid identification of ablation target(s) (n=133, 35%), higher point density (n=82, 21%), better signals (n=69, 18%), and improved procedure efficiency (n=48, 12%).
Conclusion(s)
Initial experience with this novel mapping software in Europe and the Asia-Pacific region illustrated utility in a variety of arrhythmias to diagnose and locate ablation targets. The use of OT provided several benefits including rapid identification of ablation targets and higher point density, however further examination of its impact on procedural efficiencies and acute outcomes is likely warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kottmaier
- German Heart Center of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - O Inaba
- Japanese Red Cross Saitama Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - K Phillips
- Greenslopes Private Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - M Adsett
- St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - J Hayes
- St Andrews War Memorial Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - S Lengauer
- German Heart Center of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - N Clementy
- University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France
| | - C Bailey
- Abbott, St. Paul, United States of America
| | - S Kaneko
- Toyota Kosei Hospital, Toyota, Japan
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O’Sullivan G, Yu B, Bailey C, Velickovic Z, Rasko J. Regulatory Affairs, Quality Systems, Policy, and Ethics: HOW INSTITUTIONAL BIOSAFETY COMMITTEES CONTRIBUTE TO SAFETY, CAPACITY AND REGULATORY APPROVALS IN CELL AND GENE THERAPY TRIALS. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Segner H, Rehberger K, Bailey C, Bo J. Assessing Fish Immunotoxicity by Means of In Vitro Assays: Are We There Yet? Front Immunol 2022; 13:835767. [PMID: 35296072 PMCID: PMC8918558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.835767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing awareness that a range of environmental chemicals target the immune system of fish and may compromise the resistance towards infectious pathogens. Existing concepts to assess chemical hazards to fish, however, do not consider immunotoxicity. Over recent years, the application of in vitro assays for ecotoxicological hazard assessment has gained momentum, what leads to the question whether in vitro assays using piscine immune cells might be suitable to evaluate immunotoxic potentials of environmental chemicals to fish. In vitro systems using primary immune cells or immune cells lines have been established from a wide array of fish species and basically from all immune tissues, and in principal these assays should be able to detect chemical impacts on diverse immune functions. In fact, in vitro assays were found to be a valuable tool in investigating the mechanisms and modes of action through which environmental agents interfere with immune cell functions. However, at the current state of knowledge the usefulness of these assays for immunotoxicity screening in the context of chemical hazard assessment appears questionable. This is mainly due to a lack of assay standardization, and an insufficient knowledge of assay performance with respect to false positive or false negative signals for the different toxicant groups and different immune functions. Also the predictivity of the in vitro immunotoxicity assays for the in vivo immunotoxic response of fishes is uncertain. In conclusion, the currently available database is too limited to support the routine application of piscine in vitro assays as screening tool for assessing immunotoxic potentials of environmental chemicals to fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Pathobiology and Infectious Diseases, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Helmut Segner,
| | - Kristina Rehberger
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Pathobiology and Infectious Diseases, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen, China
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16
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Segner H, Bailey C, Tafalla C, Bo J. Immunotoxicity of Xenobiotics in Fish: A Role for the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR)? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179460. [PMID: 34502366 PMCID: PMC8430475 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of anthropogenic contaminants on the immune system of fishes is an issue of growing concern. An important xenobiotic receptor that mediates effects of chemicals, such as halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (HAHs) and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), is the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Fish toxicological research has focused on the role of this receptor in xenobiotic biotransformation as well as in causing developmental, cardiac, and reproductive toxicity. However, biomedical research has unraveled an important physiological role of the AhR in the immune system, what suggests that this receptor could be involved in immunotoxic effects of environmental contaminants. The aims of the present review are to critically discuss the available knowledge on (i) the expression and possible function of the AhR in the immune systems of teleost fishes; and (ii) the impact of AhR-activating xenobiotics on the immune systems of fish at the levels of immune gene expression, immune cell proliferation and immune cell function, immune pathology, and resistance to infectious disease. The existing information indicates that the AhR is expressed in the fish immune system, but currently, we have little understanding of its physiological role. Exposure to AhR-activating contaminants results in the modulation of numerous immune structural and functional parameters of fish. Despite the diversity of fish species studied and the experimental conditions investigated, the published findings rather uniformly point to immunosuppressive actions of xenobiotic AhR ligands in fish. These effects are often associated with increased disease susceptibility. The fact that fish populations from HAH- and PAH-contaminated environments suffer immune disturbances and elevated disease susceptibility highlights that the immunotoxic effects of AhR-activating xenobiotics bear environmental relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Pathobiology and Infectious Diseases, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Xiamen 361005, China
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17
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Bailey C, Hilser H, Siwi Y, Lawe Z, Waterman J, Loffeld TAC, Sampson H, Tasirin J, Melfi V, Bowkett AE. Trends in the bushmeat market trade in North Sulawesi and conservation implications. Anim Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Bailey
- Selamatkan Yaki Manado North Sulawesi Indonesia
| | - H. Hilser
- Selamatkan Yaki Manado North Sulawesi Indonesia
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UK
| | - Y. Siwi
- Selamatkan Yaki Manado North Sulawesi Indonesia
| | - Z. Lawe
- Selamatkan Yaki Manado North Sulawesi Indonesia
| | - J. Waterman
- School of Biological and Environmental Science Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool UK
| | - T. A. C. Loffeld
- Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE) University of Kent Canterbury UK
| | - H. Sampson
- Selamatkan Yaki Manado North Sulawesi Indonesia
| | - J. Tasirin
- Selamatkan Yaki Manado North Sulawesi Indonesia
- Faculty of Agriculture Sam Ratulangi University Manado North Sulawesi Indonesia
| | - V. Melfi
- Hartpury University Gloucestershire UK
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18
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Cushnie D, Fisher C, Hall H, Johnson M, Christie S, Bailey C, Phan P, Abraham E, Glennie A, Jacobs B, Paquet J, Thomas K. Mental health improvements after elective spine surgery: a Canadian Spine Outcome Research Network (CSORN) study. Spine J 2021; 21:1332-1339. [PMID: 33831545 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Spine patients have a higher rate of depression then the general population which may be caused in part by levels of pain and disability from their spinal disease. PURPOSE Determination whether improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) resulting from successful spine surgery leads to improvements in mental health. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING The Canadian Spine Outcome Research Network prospective surgical outcome registry. OUTCOME MEASURES Change between preoperative and postoperative SF12 Mental Component Score (MCS). Secondary outcomes include European Quality of Life (EuroQoL) Healthstate, SF-12 Physical Component Score (PCS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Patient Health Questionaire-9 (PHQ9), and pain scales. METHODS The Canadian Spine Outcome Research Network registry was queried for all patients receiving surgery for degenerative thoracolumbar spine disease. Exclusion criteria were trauma, tumor, infection, and previous spine surgery. SF12 Mental Component Scores (MCS) were compared between those with and without significant improvement in postoperative disability (ODI) and secondary measures. Multivariate analysis examined factors predictive of MCS improvement. RESULTS Eighteen hospitals contributed 3222 eligible patients. Worse ODI, EuroQoL, PCS, back pain and leg pain correlated with worse MCS at all time points. Overall, patients had an improvement in MCS that occurred within 3 months of surgery and was still present 24 months after surgery. Patients exceeding Minimally Clinically Important Differences in ODI had the greatest improvements in MCS. Major depression prevalence decreased up to 48% following surgery, depending on spine diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Large scale, real world, registry data suggests that successful surgery for degenerative lumbar disease is associated with reduction in the prevalence of major depression regardless of the specific underlaying diagnosis. Worse baseline MCS was associated with worse baseline HRQOL and improved postoperatively with coincident improvement in disability, emphasizing that mental wellness is not a static state but may improve with well-planned spine surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cushnie
- McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8S 4L8.
| | - C Fisher
- University of British Columbia, 6th floor, 818 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V5Z 1M9
| | - H Hall
- University of Toronto, 494851 Traverston Road, Markdale, Ontario, Canada, N0C 1H0
| | - M Johnson
- University of Manitoba, AD401 - 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3A 1R9
| | - S Christie
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - C Bailey
- Western University, 800 Commissioners Rd. E., E1-317London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5W9
| | - P Phan
- University of Ottawa, 1053 Carling Ave, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1Y 4E9
| | - E Abraham
- Dalhousie University, 555 Somerset St, Suite 200, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, E2K 4X2
| | - A Glennie
- Dalhousie University, Department of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - B Jacobs
- University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, 1403 - 29th Street NW Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 2T9
| | - J Paquet
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval, 1401 18e rue, Québec City, Quebec, Canada, G1J 1Z4
| | - K Thomas
- University of Calgary, Foothills Medical Centre, 1403 - 29th Street NW Calgary, AB, Canada T2N 2T9
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Bailey C, Strepparava N, Ros A, Wahli T, Schmidt-Posthaus H, Segner H, Tafalla C. It's a hard knock life for some: Heterogeneity in infection life history of salmonids influences parasite disease outcomes. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:2573-2593. [PMID: 34165799 PMCID: PMC8597015 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneity in immunity occurs across numerous disease systems with individuals from the same population having diverse disease outcomes. Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) caused by Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, is a persistent parasitic disease negatively impacting both wild and farmed salmonids. Little is known of how PKD is spread or maintained within wild susceptible populations. We investigated an aspect of fish disease that has been largely overlooked, that is, the role of the host phenotypic heterogeneity in disease outcome. We examined how host susceptibility to T. bryosalmonae infection, and the disease PKD, varied across different infection life-history stages and how it differs between naïve, re-infected and persistently infected hosts. We investigated the response to parasite exposure in host phenotypes with (a) different ages and (b) heterogeneous infection life histories. Among (a) the age phenotypes were young-of-the-year (YOY) fish and juvenile 1+ fish (fish older than one) and, for (b) juvenile 1+ infection survivors were either re-exposed or not re- exposed to the parasite and response phenotypes were assigned post-hoc dependant on infection status. In fish not re-exposed this included fish that cleared infection (CI) or had a persistent infection (PI). In fish re-exposed these included fish that were re-infected (RI), or re-exposed and uninfected (RCI). We assessed both parasite-centric (infection prevalence, parasite burden, malacospore transmission) and host-centric parameters (growth rates, disease severity, infection tolerance and the immune response). In (a), YOY fish, parasite success and disease severity were greater and differences in the immune response occurred, demonstrating an ontogenetic decline of susceptibility in older fish. In (b), in PI and RI fish, parasite success and disease severity were comparable. However, expression of several adaptive immunity markers was greater in RI fish, indicating concomitant immunity, as re-exposure did not intensify infection. We demonstrate the relevance of heterogeneity in infection life history on disease outcome and describe several distinctive features of immune ontogeny and protective immunity in this model not previously reported. The relevance of such themes on a population level requires greater research in many aquatic disease systems to generate clearer framework for understanding the spread and maintenance of aquatic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christyn Bailey
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicole Strepparava
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Albert Ros
- LAZBW, Fischereiforschungsstelle, Langenargen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wahli
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
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20
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Yuan F, Gong A, Farhan A, Gowda P, Bailey C, Latif M, Shafaat O, Fu Y, Mitchell S, Holly B, Weiss C. Abstract No. 197 Using intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring to prevent peripheral nerve injury during embolization of low-flow vascular malformations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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21
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Hafezi Nejad N, Bailey C, Lyons G, Liddell R. Abstract No. 464 Peripheral endovascular interventions: national burden, regional variations, disparities, direct and indirect costs in the United States. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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22
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Esfandiary T, Bailey C, Liddell R, Singh H, Lyons G. Abstract No. 193 Vascular sequelae of COVID-19: interventional radiology in the management of coronavirus-associated angiopathy. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8079608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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23
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Latif M, Motaghi M, Abou Areda M, Bailey C, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 66 Predictors of reperfusion in treated pulmonary arteriovenous malformation: a retrospective single-center study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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24
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Hafezi Nejad N, Gowda P, Bailey C, Weiss C. Abstract No. 47 Recurrent bleeding and post-procedural complications following bronchial artery embolization for hemoptysis: a meta-analysis of 2661 patients. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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25
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O’Sullivan G, Yu B, Bailey C, Velickovic Z, Rasko J. How institutional biosafety committees contribute to safety, capacity and regulatory approvals in cell and gene therapy trials. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s146532492100640x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Quick A, Martin B, Bailey C, Covington K, Cook R. 297 Risk stratification of patients with stage I cutaneous melanoma (CM) using 31-gene expression profiling (GEP). J Invest Dermatol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.02.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Yuan F, Latif M, Shafaat O, Fu Y, Gowda P, Gong A, Farhan A, Bailey C, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 598 Clinical manifestations of patients with novel mutations associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and related vascular anomalies. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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28
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Hafezi Nejad N, Abou Areda M, Bailey C, Solomon A, Weiss C. Abstract No. 463 Percutaneous vertebral augmentation in the oldest old: comparative evaluation of comorbidities, outcomes and disparities. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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29
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Bell SF, Collis RE, Bailey C, James K, John M, Kelly K, Kitchen T, Scarr C, Macgillivray E, Collins PW. The incidence, aetiology, and coagulation management of massive postpartum haemorrhage: a two-year national prospective cohort study. Int J Obstet Anesth 2021; 47:102983. [PMID: 33994274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2021.102983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Between 2017 and 2018 a national quality improvement initiative was introduced incorporating point-of-care viscoelastic haemostatic assays (VHA) to guide blood product transfusion. Laboratory coagulation profiles, use and results of VHA, and administration of blood products were investigated. METHODS A two-year prospective cohort study of maternal outcomes of women experiencing massive postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) >1000 mL in Wales. In this study, cases of massive PPH (≥2500 mL and/or ≥5 units red blood cell (RBC) transfusion) were identified. RESULTS Massive PPH occurred in 349 of 60 914 maternities (rate 5.7 per 1000). There were no deaths from PPH. Intensive care unit admission and/or hysterectomy occurred in 34/311 (10.9%) and 16/347 (4.6%), respectively. The leading cause of massive PPH was genital tract trauma (107/349, 30.6%). Two hundred and seventy-nine (80.6%) required RBC transfusion and 79/345 (22.9%) received at least one blood coagulation product. Results of VHA were recorded in 245/349 (70.2%), with 44/98 (44.9%) women tested in the first six months vs 63/77 (81.8%) in the final six months. Hypofibrinogenaemia (Clauss fibrinogen <2 g/L or FIBTEM A5 <12 mm) was observed in 56/328 (17.1%) of women, thrombocytopaenia (count <75 × 109/L) in 17/334 (5.1%) and either PT or aPTT >1.5×reference range in 10/293 (3.4%). CONCLUSION In Wales, the use of VHA in cases of massive PPH increased over time, enabling clinicians to adopt a targeted, patient-specific approach to blood product administration, with only 22.9% of women receiving blood coagulation products and 17.1% having a documented clotting abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Bell
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK.
| | - R E Collis
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - C Bailey
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Bodelwyddan, UK
| | - K James
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - M John
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, Newport, UK
| | - K Kelly
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Bodelwyddan, UK
| | - T Kitchen
- Department of Anaesthetics, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | - C Scarr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cardiff and Vale University Health Board, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - P W Collins
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Fang C, Zheng R, Hong F, Jiang Y, Chen J, Lin H, Lin L, Lei R, Bailey C, Bo J. Microplastics in three typical benthic species from the Arctic: Occurrence, characteristics, sources, and environmental implications. Environ Res 2021; 192:110326. [PMID: 33068580 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) in the Arctic have raised increasing concern, but knowledge on MP contamination in benthic organisms from Arctic shelf regions, e.g., the Chukchi Sea is still limited. Therefore, the present study investigated the occurrence, characteristics, sources, and environmental implications of MPs in the three most common benthic species, namely sea anemone (Actiniidae und.), deposit-feeding starfish (Ctenodiscus crispatus), and snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio), from the Chukchi Sea. The abundances of MPs in the three benthic species were significantly greater than those from the Bering Sea, but lower than those from other regions globally. The top three compositions of MPs in the three species were polyester, nylon, and polyethylene terephthalate. The detection limit for MP size in the present study was 0.03 mm and the mean size of MP in the three species was 0.89 ± 0.06 mm. The surfaces of MPs found in the starfish and crabs were covered with many attachments, cracks, and hollows, while the surfaces of MPs found in the sea anemones were smooth, which was likely a consequence of different feeding behaviors. There was a significantly positive correlation between the abundances of MPs and other anthropogenic substances. The mean MP abundances in the sea anemones ranged from 0.2 items/individual to 1.7 items/individual, which was significantly higher than that in the deposit-feeding starfish (0.1-1.4 items/individual) and snow crabs (0.0-0.6 items/individual). Sea anemones inhabiting lower latitudes ingested relatively higher levels of MPs than those inhabiting higher latitudes. The MP abundances in the sea anemones are significantly and positively correlated with the seasonal reduced ratio of sea ice coverage from August to September. Our findings indicate that sea anemones could function as a bioindicator of MP pollution, and that the MPs in the benthos from the Chukchi Sea might originate from the melting sea ice, fishery activities and ocean currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ronghui Zheng
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Fukun Hong
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yulu Jiang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Jincan Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361005, Xiamen, China
| | - Heshan Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Longshan Lin
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ruibo Lei
- Key Laboratory for Polar Science of the Ministry of Natural Resources, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai, 200136, China
| | - Christyn Bailey
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, 361005, China.
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Kernen L, Rieder J, Duus A, Holbech H, Segner H, Bailey C. Thymus development in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) from an ecoimmunology perspective. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2020; 333:805-819. [PMID: 33306886 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The thymus is present in all gnathostome vertebrates and is an essential organ for the adaptive immune system via the generation of functional mature T-cells. Over the life span of mammals, the thymus undergoes morphological and functional alterations, including an age-related involution, which in humans starts in early life. Life history tradeoffs have been suggested as possible reasons for thymus involution. While in teleost fish, only a few studies have investigated alterations of thymus structure and function over different life stages, resulting in a fragmented database. Here, we investigated the thymus growth of zebrafish (Danio rerio) from early life, throughout puberty and reproductive stage, up to 1-year-old. We assessed thymus growth by histological and morphometric analyses and thymocyte numbers. Thymus function was assessed by measuring the transcripts of the thymocyte marker genes, ikaros, tcrα, and tcrδ. Additionally, we analyzed gonad maturity and tail homogenate vitellogenin concentrations to align thymus status with the status of the reproductive system. Our results showed that the zebrafish thymus, in contrast to the human thymus, grew strongly during early life and puberty but started to undergo involution when the fish reached the reproductive age. The involution was characterized by reduced thymus area and thymocyte number, altered histoarchitecture, and decreasing thymocyte marker gene transcript levels. Our findings suggest that age-related changes of the zebrafish thymus do exist and could be partly explained in terms of resource tradeoffs, but also in terms of the ontogenetically late development of a functional adaptive immune system in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Kernen
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Rieder
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Annette Duus
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Holbech
- Department of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christyn Bailey
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
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Rehberger K, Wernicke von Siebenthal E, Bailey C, Bregy P, Fasel M, Herzog EL, Neumann S, Schmidt-Posthaus H, Segner H. Long-term exposure to low 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) concentrations disrupts both the reproductive and the immune system of juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Environ Int 2020; 142:105836. [PMID: 32563011 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Estrogenic endocrine disrupting compounds (EEDCs), such as ethinylestradiol (EE2), are well studied for their impact on the reproductive system of fish. EEDCs may also impact the immune system and, as a consequence, the disease susceptibility of fish. It is currently not yet known whether the low concentrations of EEDCs that are able to disrupt the reproductive system of trout are effective in disrupting the immune system and the fish host resistance towards pathogens, too, or whether such immunodisruptive effects would occur only at higher EEDC concentrations. Therefore, in the present study we compare the effect thresholds of low 17α-ethinylestradiol concentrations (1.5 and 5.5 EE2 ng/L) on the reproductive system, the immune system, the energy expenditures and the resistance of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) against the parasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae - the etiological agent of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) of salmonids. The parasite infection was conducted without injection and under low pathogen exposure concentrations. The disease development was followed over 130 days post infection - in the presence or absence of EE2 exposure. The results show that the long-term EE2 exposure affected, at both concentrations, reproductive parameters like the mRNA levels of hepatic vitellogenin and estrogen receptors. At the same concentrations, EE2 exposure modulated the immune parameters: mRNA levels of several immune genes were altered and the parasite intensity as well as the disease severity (histopathology) were significantly reduced in EE2-exposed fish compared to infected control fish. The combination of EE2 exposure and parasite infection was energetically costly, as indicated by the decreased values of the swim tunnel respirometry. Although further substantiation is needed, our findings suggest that EE2 exerts endocrine disruptive and immunomodulating activities at comparable effect thresholds, since reproductive and immune parameters were affected by the same, low EE2 concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Rehberger
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | - Christyn Bailey
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Bregy
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Melanie Fasel
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elio L Herzog
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Neumann
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Heike Schmidt-Posthaus
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Chen JC, Chen MY, Fang C, Zheng RH, Jiang YL, Zhang YS, Wang KJ, Bailey C, Segner H, Bo J. Microplastics negatively impact embryogenesis and modulate the immune response of the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. Mar Pollut Bull 2020; 158:111349. [PMID: 32573451 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution is an emerging contaminant in aquatic environments worldwide. Nonetheless, the developmental toxicity of MPs in the early life stages of fish and the mechanisms involved are not yet fully understood. The present study investigated the effects of different concentrations of polystyrene (PS) MPs on the early development of the marine model fish the medaka Oryzias melastigma. Our results showed that waterborne exposure to PS MPs significantly delayed the hatching time, altered the heartbeat and decreased the hatching rate of embryos. Furthermore, the genes involved in cardiac development, encoding for embryo-hatching enzymes, as well as inflammatory responses were significantly upregulated. The transcriptome results showed that mainly the pathways involved in metabolism, immune response, genetic information processing and diseases were significantly enriched. These results demonstrate that PS MPs negatively impact embryogenesis and the immune response of O. melastigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Can Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Meng-Yun Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Rong-Hui Zheng
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yu-Lu Jiang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361005 Xiamen, China
| | - Christyn Bailey
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Bailey C, Holland JW, Secombes CJ, Tafalla C. A portrait of the immune response to proliferative kidney disease (PKD) in rainbow trout. Parasite Immunol 2020; 42:e12730. [PMID: 32403171 PMCID: PMC7507176 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD), caused by the myxozoan Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, is one of the most serious parasitic diseases of salmonids in which outbreaks cause severe economic constraints for the aquaculture industry and declines of wild species throughout Europe and North America. Given that rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is one of the most widely farmed freshwater fish and an important model species for fish immunology, most of the knowledge on how the fish immune response is affected during PKD is from this organism. Once rainbow trout are infected, PKD pathogenesis results in a chronic kidney immunopathology mediated by decreasing myeloid cells and increasing lymphocytes. Transcriptional studies have revealed the regulation of essential genes related to T-helper (Th)-like functions and a dysregulated B-cell antibody type response. Recent reports have discovered unique details of teleost B-cell differentiation and functionality and characterized the differential immunoglobulin (Ig)-mediated response. These studies have solidified the rainbow trout T. bryosalmonae system as a sophisticated disease model capable of feeding key advances into mainstream immunology and have contributed essential information to design novel parasite disease prevention strategies. In our following perspective, we summarize these efforts to evaluate the immune mechanisms of rainbow trout during PKD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christyn Bailey
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA‐INIA)MadridSpain
| | - Jason W. Holland
- Aberdeen Oomycete LaboratoryInstitute of Medical SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Christopher J. Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research CentreInstitute of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA‐INIA)MadridSpain
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Bailey C, Meyer J, Tangen C, Deane R, Briskin S, Gunstad J, Fastenau P, Smith P, Solomon M, Kelly AW. A-03 SCAT5 Cognitive Screening Normative Data and Reliable Change Indices. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acaa036.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
This study provides normative data on the SCAT5 Cognitive Screening, establishes test-retest reliability, and creates clinically relevant cut points for low performance.
Method
The multisport baseline sample was composed of 727 uninjured college athletes (52% female) at a Division I university who were administered the SCAT5 before the 2017–2018 season. Descriptive statistics, including base rates of low performance, were calculated for SCAT5 indices. Repeat baseline testing was completed by 325 athletes (48% female) at 1 year (days M = 352.56;SD = 56.03) who were included in the test-retest reliability and practice effect analyses. Reliable change indices were calculated.
Results
Descriptive statistics for SCAT5 were computed for both baselines (Baseline 1: SAC total M = 35.15,SD = 4.93; immediate recall total M = 20.01,SD = 3.46; delayed recall total M = 6.43,SD = 1.75). A difference in descriptive statistics and practice effects by sex on the SCAT5 Cognitive Screening has been demonstrated (Bailey, Meyer, Tangen et al., under review). For female athletes, the 1st administration cutoff scores for abnormal performance (<10th%ile) included SAC total score = 33, immediate recall score = 18, and delayed recall score = 6. For male athletes, the 1st administration cutoff scores for abnormal performance (<10th%ile) included SAC total score = 30, immediate recall score = 17, and delayed recall score = 5. Test-retest reliability of the SAC was similar to previous versions but varied by sex. Reliable change indices (RCI) were created with cut points for significant change.
Conclusions
The present study provides clinically relevant normative data for the SCAT5 Cognitive Screening. Cut points for low performance on both reliable chance indices (RCIs) and normative performance reflected meaningful sex differences that could influence clinical interpretation.
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Bailey C, Segner H, Wahli T, Tafalla C. Back From the Brink: Alterations in B and T Cell Responses Modulate Recovery of Rainbow Trout From Chronic Immunopathological Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae Infection. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1093. [PMID: 32582181 PMCID: PMC7283781 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) caused by the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is one of the most serious infectious diseases negatively impacting farmed and wild salmonids throughout Europe and North America. PKD pathogenesis results in a massive B cell proliferation and dysregulation with aberrant immunoglobulin production and plasma cell differentiation along with a decrease in myeloid cells and inhibition of innate pathways. Despite the huge immunopathological reaction in the kidney during infection, under specific conditions, fish can survive and return to full fitness. Fish are unique in this ability to recover renal structure and functionality from extensive tissue damage in contrast to mammals. However, only limited knowledge exists regarding the host immune response coinciding with PKD recovery. Moreover, almost no studies of the immune response during disease recovery exist in fish. We utilized the rainbow trout-T. bryosalmonae system as an immunological model of disease recovery. Our results demonstrated that recovery is preceded by an intense immune response at the transcript level, decreasing parasite burden, and an increased degree of kidney inflammation. Later in the recovery phase, the immune response transpired with a significant decrease in lymphocytes and an increase in myeloid cells. These lymphocytes populations contained lower levels of B cells comparative to the control in the anterior and posterior kidney. Additionally, there was downregulation of several transcripts used as markers for plasma cells (blimp1, igt sec, igm sec, igd sec, and cd38) and T cell subsets (cd4, cd8α, cd8β, and tcrβ). The decrease in these T cell transcripts significantly correlated with decreasing parasite intensity. Alternatively, there was strong upregulation of pax-5 and igt mem. This suggests a change in B cell processes during the recovery phase relative to clinical PKD may be necessary for the host to re-establish homeostasis in terms of an arrest in the dominant antibody like response transitioning to a transcriptional profile associated with resting B cells. The knowledge generated here in combination with earlier studies illuminates the full power of analyzing the entire trajectory of disease from the normal healthy state to recovery enabling the measurement of an immune response to pinpoint a specific disease stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christyn Bailey
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Wahli
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Carolina Tafalla
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Group, Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
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Strepparava N, Ros A, Hartikainen H, Schmidt-Posthaus H, Wahli T, Segner H, Bailey C. Effects of parasite concentrations on infection dynamics and proliferative kidney disease pathogenesis in brown trout (Salmo trutta). Transbound Emerg Dis 2020; 67:2642-2652. [PMID: 32386103 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is an emerging disease of salmonids, which is exacerbating with increasing water temperature. Its causative agent, the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, exploits freshwater bryozoans as primary hosts and salmonids as intermediate hosts. Our experiments showed that the manipulation of exposure concentrations of infective malacospores had relatively minor impacts for the disease outcomes in the fish host. In this study, brown trout (Salmo trutta) were exposed to three different exposure concentrations of T. bryosalmonae malacospores: (a) a single low parasite concentration (LC), (b) a single high parasite concentration (HC) and (c) three times a low concentration (repeat exposure, RE). Parasite dynamics in the fish host and release of fish malacospores were quantified and fish kidney histopathology was evaluated to determine PKD pathogenesis. Infection prevalence was always lower in the LC group than in the other groups over the course of the study. While the parasite proliferation phase was slower in the LC group, the maximum parasite burden did not differ significantly amongst treatments. The onset of fish malacospore release (day 45 post-exposure), indicated by detection of T. bryosalmonae DNA in the tank water, occurred at the same time point for all groups. Reduced intensity of kidney pathological development was observed in the LC treatment indicating lower disease severity. While the LC treatment resulted in reduced outcomes across several infection parameters (infection prevalence, parasite proliferation, total fish malacospores released), the overall differences were small. The RE and HC treatment outcomes were for most parameters comparable. Our results suggest that repeated exposure, as is likely to occur in the wild during the summer months, might play a more important role in the dynamics of PKD as an emerging infectious disease than the actual concentration of spores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Strepparava
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Albert Ros
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,LAZBW, Fischereiforschungsstelle, Langenargen, Germany
| | - Hanna Hartikainen
- Institute for Integrative Biology, ETH and Eawag, Duebendorf, Switzerland.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Heike Schmidt-Posthaus
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Wahli
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Christyn Bailey
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Centre (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
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Bailey C, Shoura MJ, Mischel PS, Swanton C. Extrachromosomal DNA-relieving heredity constraints, accelerating tumour evolution. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:884-893. [PMID: 32275948 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.03.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogene amplification on extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) provides a mechanism by which cancer cells can rapidly adapt to changes in the tumour microenvironment. These circular structures contain oncogenes and their regulatory elements, and, lacking centromeres, they are subject to unequal segregation during mitosis. This non-Mendelian mechanism of inheritance results in increased tumour heterogeneity with daughter cells that can contain increasingly amplified oncogene copy number. These structures also contain favourable epigenetic modifications including transcriptionally active chromatin, further fuelling positive selection. ecDNA drives aggressive tumour behaviour, is related to poorer survival outcomes and provides mechanisms of drug resistance. Recent evidence suggests one in four solid tumours contain cells with ecDNA structures. The concept of tumour evolution is one in which cancer cells compete to survive in a diverse tumour microenvironment under the Darwinian principles of variation and fitness heritability. Unconstrained by conventional segregation constraints, ecDNA can accelerate intratumoral heterogeneity and cellular fitness. In this review, we highlight some of the recent discoveries underpinning this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bailey
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - M J Shoura
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - P S Mischel
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, USA; San Diego Moores Cancer Center, University of California, La Jolla, USA; Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - C Swanton
- Cancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
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Hafezi Nejad N, Bailey C, Weiss C. Abstract No. 580 Overweight, obesity, and unfavorable outcomes after percutaneous biliary interventions: a national study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Patel K, Maxwell A, Bailey C. 3:54 PM Abstract No. 361 Safety and efficacy of central venous line placement via internal jugular vein in patients with total artificial hearts. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Hafezi Nejad N, Bailey C, Weiss C. Abstract No. 581 Percutaneous biliary interventions: national trends, patient characteristics, clinical indications, and outcomes in the United States, 1993 to 2015. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Hafezi Nejad N, Bailey C, Weiss C. Abstract No. 621 Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty in the United States, 2004 to 2015: national trends, short-term outcomes, and regional disparities in cost of care. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Williams H, Tarallo C, Tran L, Griswold L, Bailey C, Patel K, Ghamande S, Rungruang B. Factors Influencing Survival and Survivorship Outcomes in Vulvar Cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.11.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bailey C, Nejad NH, Weiss C. Abstract No. 417 Arteriography of pulmonary arteries for pulmonary arteriovenous malformations in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia: national trends, patient characteristics, and outcomes. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Bo J, Yang Y, Zheng R, Fang C, Jiang Y, Liu J, Chen M, Hong F, Bailey C, Segner H, Wang K. Antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of multiple antimicrobial peptides isolated from rockfish Sebastiscus marmoratus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 93:1007-1017. [PMID: 31449978 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic disease is a major factor affecting the aquaculture of the rockfish Sebastiscus marmoratus, an important commercial species inhabiting the nearshore waters of the Western Pacific Ocean. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), as critical components of innate immunity, have been considered as promising antibiotic substitutes. The aims of this study were 1) to identify major AMPs in the rockfish, 2) to assess their antimicrobial activity and 3) to evaluate their potential therapeutic application. Six AMPs were identified, Hepcidin 1, liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2), Piscidin, Moronecidin, NK-lysin and β-defensin through analysis of the liver transcriptome of S. marmoratus. The transcriptional expression profiles of these AMPs were investigated by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). These AMPs showed tissue-specific distribution patterns, and S. marmoratus displays a time-, dose- and tissue-dependent expression of AMPs in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. While the synthetic peptides of LEAP-2 and Moronecidin exerted broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against important aquatic pathogens in vitro by directly disrupting microbial membrane, and no cytotoxicity against murine hepatic cells was observed at the effective concentrations from 5 μM to 40 μM. The existence of multiple AMPs and their distinct tissue distribution patterns and inducible expression patterns suggests a sophisticated, highly redundant, and multilevel network of antimicrobial defensive mechanisms of S. marmoratus. Therefore, S. marmoratus-derived AMPs appear to be potential therapeutic applications against pathogen infections in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ronghui Zheng
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Yulu Jiang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mengyun Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Fukun Hong
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen, China
| | - Christyn Bailey
- Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helmut Segner
- Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kejian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Meyer J, Briskin S, Tangen C, Hoffer S, Dundr J, Brennan B, Smith P, Lissemore F, Bailey C. B-48 Effects of Anxiety on Response to a Subsymptom Threshold Exercise Program for Treatment of Persistent Post-Concussive Symptoms: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acz034.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
There is a growing literature to support the use of subsymptom threshold exercise for treatment of both acute and chronic post-concussion symptoms. The present study aimed to explore the influence of anxiety on response to exercise intervention for patients with persistent post-concussive symptoms.
Methods
Sixteen adolescents (ages 14-18) with persistent (>1 month) concussion symptoms were randomized into a light, home exercise group and a subsymptom threshold exercise group performed by PT’s (modeled after Leddy et al.,2019). Participants underwent intervention for 6 weeks and completed evaluations at Baseline, Mid-Point, and Follow-up after treatment; evaluations included State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Post-Concussive Scale-Revised (PCS-R), as well as additional measures of emotional functioning, balance disturbance, and neuropsychological functioning.
Results
Average PCS-R endorsement improved by 21 points from Baseline to Follow-up across treatment groups (PCS-R Total Change M = -21.29,SD = 13.54). There were meaningful Baseline differences between intervention groups in STAI state anxiety (p < .05) and STAI trait anxiety (p = 0.51); STAI variables were used as covariates in an ANOVA comparing mean PCS-R Percent Change between treatment and control groups. After removing the influence of anxiety, the intervention groups significantly differed and showed large effect (F(3,13) = 6.94,p < .05,partial eta2 = .41), with the intervention group improving (PCS-R Percent Change M = -63.3,SD = 17.4) more than the control group (PCS-R Percent Change M = -56.8,SD = 27.8).
Conclusion
Exercise intervention appears to be more effective than standard-of-care light activity in the treatment of persistent symptoms in adolescents; however, anxiety may alter response to intervention. Complimentary mental health treatment may augment response to exercise intervention and optimize concussion recovery trajectory in patients with persisting symptoms.
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Rubin A, de Coulon P, Bailey C, Segner H, Wahli T, Rubin JF. Keeping an Eye on Wild Brown Trout ( Salmo trutta) Populations: Correlation Between Temperature, Environmental Parameters, and Proliferative Kidney Disease. Front Vet Sci 2019; 6:281. [PMID: 31508435 PMCID: PMC6714597 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is an emerging disease of salmonids caused by the myxozoan parasite Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, which plays a major role in the decrease of wild brown trout (Salmo trutta) populations in Switzerland. Strong evidence demonstrated that water temperature modulates parasite infection. However, less knowledge exists on how seasonal water temperature fluctuations influence PKD manifestation under field conditions, how further environmental factors such as water quality may modulate the disease, and whether these factors coalesce with temperatures role possibly giving rise to cumulative effects on PKD. The aims of this study were to (1) determine the correlation between seasonal course of water temperature and PKD prevalence and intensity in wild brown trout populations, (2) assess if other factors such as water quality or ecomorphology correlate with the infection, and (3) quantitatively predict the implication of these factors on PKD prevalence with a statistical model. Young-of-the-year brown trout were sampled in 45 sites through the Canton of Vaud (Switzerland). For each site, longitudinal time series of water temperature, water quality (macroinvertebrate community index, presence of wastewater treatment plant effluent) and ecomorphological data were collected and correlated with PKD prevalence and intensity. 251 T. bryosalmonae-infected trout of 1,118 were found (overall prevalence 22.5%) at 19 of 45 study sites (42.2%). Relation between PKD infection and seasonal water temperature underlined that the mean water temperature for June and the number of days with mean temperature ≥15°C were the most significantly correlated parameters with parasite prevalence and intensity. The presence of a wastewater treatment plant effluent was significantly correlated with the prevalence and infection intensity. In contrast, macroinvertebrate diversity and river ecomorphology were shown to have little impact on disease parameters. Linear and logistic regressions highlighted quantitatively the prediction of PKD prevalence depending on environmental parameters at a given site and its possible increase due to rising temperatures. The model developed within this study could serve as a useful tool for identifying and predicting disease hot spots. These results support the importance of temperature for PKD in salmonids and provides evidence for a modulating influence of additional environmental stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Rubin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,La Maison de la Rivière, Tolochenaz, Switzerland.,Land, Nature, Environment Institute, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pauline de Coulon
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christyn Bailey
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helmut Segner
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Wahli
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jean-François Rubin
- La Maison de la Rivière, Tolochenaz, Switzerland.,Land, Nature, Environment Institute, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
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Bailey C, von Siebenthal EW, Rehberger K, Segner H. Transcriptomic analysis of the impacts of ethinylestradiol (EE2) and its consequences for proliferative kidney disease outcome in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 222:31-48. [PMID: 31004835 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Freshwater fish are threatened by the cumulative impact of multiple stressors. The purpose of this study was to unravel the molecular and organism level reactions of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, to the combined impact of two such stressors that occur in the natural habitat of salmonids. Fish were infected with either the myxozoan parasite, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, which causes proliferative kidney disease (PKD), or exposed to ethinylestradiol (EE2) an estrogenic endocrine disrupting compound, or to a combination of both (PKD × EE2). PKD is a slow progressive chronic disease here we focused on a later time point (130-day post-infection (d.p.i.)) when parasite intensity in the fish kidney has already started to decrease. At 130 d.p.i., RNA-seq technology was applied to the posterior kidney, the main target organ for parasite development. This resulted with 280 (PKD), 14 (EE2) and 444 (PKD × EE2) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) observed in the experimental groups. In fish exposed to the combination of stressors (PKD × EE2), a number of pathways were regulated that were neither observed in the single stressor groups. Parasite infection, alone and in combination with EE2, only resulted in a low intensity immune response that negatively correlated with an upregulation of genes involved in a variety of metabolic and inflammation resolution processes. This could indicate a trade-off whereby the host increases investment in recovery/resolution processes over immune responses at a later stage of disease. When PKD infection took place under simultaneous exposure to EE2 (PKD × EE2), parasite intensity decreased and pathological alterations in the posterior kidney were reduced in comparison to the PKD only condition. These findings suggest that EE2 modulated these response profiles in PKD infected fish, attenuating the disease impact on the fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christyn Bailey
- University of Bern, Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland; Fish Immunology and Pathology Laboratory, Animal Health Research Center (CISA-INIA), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Elena Wernicke von Siebenthal
- University of Bern, Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Rehberger
- University of Bern, Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Helmut Segner
- University of Bern, Vetsuisse Faculty, Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Länggassstrasse 122, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
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Hafezi Nejad N, Bailey C, Weiss C. Abstract No. 492 Uterine artery embolization in the United States, 2012–2015: a population-based analysis of costs based on hospital characteristics. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.12.573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Hinerfeld D, Fuhrman K, Church S, Zollinger D, Reeves J, Bailey C, Warren S. Differential analysis of complex immune biology in MSI and MSS colorectal tumor microenvironments using high-plex spatial resolution. Eur J Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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