1
|
Khamsing D, Lebrun S, Fanget I, Larochette N, Tourain C, de Sars V, Brunstein M, Oheim M, Carrel D, Darchen F, Desnos C. A role for BDNF- and NMDAR-induced lysosomal recruitment of mTORC1 in the regulation of neuronal mTORC1 activity. Mol Brain 2021; 14:112. [PMID: 34247625 PMCID: PMC8273036 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-021-00820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory and long term potentiation require de novo protein synthesis. A key regulator of this process is mTORC1, a complex comprising the mTOR kinase. Growth factors activate mTORC1 via a pathway involving PI3-kinase, Akt, the TSC complex and the GTPase Rheb. In non-neuronal cells, translocation of mTORC1 to late endocytic compartments (LEs), where Rheb is enriched, is triggered by amino acids. However, the regulation of mTORC1 in neurons remains unclear. In mouse hippocampal neurons, we observed that BDNF and treatments activating NMDA receptors trigger a robust increase in mTORC1 activity. NMDA receptors activation induced a significant recruitment of mTOR onto lysosomes even in the absence of external amino acids, whereas mTORC1 was evenly distributed in neurons under resting conditions. NMDA receptor-induced mTOR translocation to LEs was partly dependent on the BDNF receptor TrkB, suggesting that BDNF contributes to the effect of NMDA receptors on mTORC1 translocation. In addition, the combination of Rheb overexpression and artificial mTORC1 targeting to LEs by means of a modified component of mTORC1 fused with a LE-targeting motif strongly activated mTOR. To gain spatial and temporal control over mTOR localization, we designed an optogenetic module based on light-sensitive dimerizers able to recruit mTOR on LEs. In cells expressing this optogenetic tool, mTOR was translocated to LEs upon photoactivation. In the absence of growth factor, this was not sufficient to activate mTORC1. In contrast, mTORC1 was potently activated by a combination of BDNF and photoactivation. The data demonstrate that two important triggers of synaptic plasticity, BDNF and NMDA receptors, synergistically power the two arms of the mTORC1 activation mechanism, i.e., mTORC1 translocation to LEs and Rheb activation. Moreover, they unmask a functional link between NMDA receptors and mTORC1 that could underlie the changes in the synaptic proteome associated with long-lasting changes in synaptic strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dany Khamsing
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8003, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Solène Lebrun
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8003, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Fanget
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8003, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Nathanaël Larochette
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8003, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, INSERM, B3OA, Paris, France, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, B3OA, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Christophe Tourain
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Sorbonne Université, INSERM S968, CNRS UMR7210, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Vincent de Sars
- Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Sorbonne Université, INSERM S968, CNRS UMR7210, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Maia Brunstein
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8003, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Martin Oheim
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8003, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Damien Carrel
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8003, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France.
| | - François Darchen
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8003, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France.,Service de Psychiatrie Infanto-Juvénile, Centre Hospitalier de Gonesse, 2 Boulevard du 19 mars 1962, 95500, Gonesse, France
| | - Claire Desnos
- Saints-Pères Paris Institute for the Neurosciences, Université de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 8003, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bay P, Lebreton G, Mathian A, Pierre D, Cohen Aubart F, Bréchot N, Chommeloux J, Schmidt M, Nieszkowska A, Desnos C, Leprince P, Hekimian G, Luyt C, Amoura Z, Combes A, Pineton De Chambrun M. Outcomes of Severe Systemic Rheumatic Disease Patients Requiring Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Rev Med Interne 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2021.03.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
3
|
Desnos C, Iung B, Himbert D, Ducrocq G, Cormier B, Brochet E, Vahanian A, Bouleti C. Temporal trends on percutaneous mitral commissurotomy: 30 years of experience. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2019.02.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
4
|
Desnos C, Iung B, Himbert D, Ducrocq G, Cormier B, Brochet E, Vahanian A, Bouleti C. Temporal trends on percutaneous mitral commissurotomy: 30 years of experience. Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2018.10.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
5
|
Niedergang F, Gasman S, Vitale N, Desnos C, Lamaze C. Meeting after meeting: 20 years of discoveries by the members of the Exocytosis-Endocytosis Club. Biol Cell 2017; 109:339-353. [DOI: 10.1111/boc.201700026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florence Niedergang
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM); U1016 Institut Cochin Paris France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); UMR 8104 Paris France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris France
| | - Stéphane Gasman
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives; CNRS UPR3212; Université de Strasbourg; France
- INSERM; 75654 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Nicolas Vitale
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives; CNRS UPR3212; Université de Strasbourg; France
- INSERM; 75654 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - Claire Desnos
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris France
- CNRS; UMR 8250 Paris France
| | - Christophe Lamaze
- Institut Curie - Centre de Recherche; PSL Research University; Membrane Dynamics and Mechanics of Intracellular Signaling Laboratory; Paris France
- CNRS; UMR 3666 Paris France
- INSERM; U1143 Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Soltani A, Lebrun S, Carpentier G, Zunino G, Chantepie S, Maïza A, Bozzi Y, Desnos C, Darchen F, Stettler O. Increased signaling by the autism-related Engrailed-2 protein enhances dendritic branching and spine density, alters synaptic structural matching, and exaggerates protein synthesis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181350. [PMID: 28809922 PMCID: PMC5557355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Engrailed 1 (En1) and 2 (En2) code for closely related homeoproteins acting as transcription factors and as signaling molecules that contribute to midbrain and hindbrain patterning, to development and maintenance of monoaminergic pathways, and to retinotectal wiring. En2 has been suggested to be an autism susceptibility gene and individuals with autism display an overexpression of this homeogene but the mechanisms remain unclear. We addressed in the present study the effect of exogenously added En2 on the morphology of hippocampal cells that normally express only low levels of Engrailed proteins. By means of RT-qPCR, we confirmed that En1 and En2 were expressed at low levels in hippocampus and hippocampal neurons, and observed a pronounced decrease in En2 expression at birth and during the first postnatal week, a period characterized by intense synaptogenesis. To address a putative effect of Engrailed in dendritogenesis or synaptogenesis, we added recombinant En1 or En2 proteins to hippocampal cell cultures. Both En1 and En2 treatment increased the complexity of the dendritic tree of glutamatergic neurons, but only En2 increased that of GABAergic cells. En1 increased the density of dendritic spines both in vitro and in vivo. En2 had similar but less pronounced effect on spine density. The number of mature synapses remained unchanged upon En1 treatment but was reduced by En2 treatment, as well as the area of post-synaptic densities. Finally, both En1 and En2 elevated mTORC1 activity and protein synthesis in hippocampal cells, suggesting that some effects of Engrailed proteins may require mRNA translation. Our results indicate that Engrailed proteins can play, even at low concentrations, an active role in the morphogenesis of hippocampal cells. Further, they emphasize the over-regulation of GABA cell morphology and the vulnerability of excitatory synapses in a pathological context of En2 overexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Soltani
- UMR 8250, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Solène Lebrun
- UMR 8250, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Gilles Carpentier
- Laboratoire Croissance, Réparation et Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), EA 4397 / ERL 9215, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Giulia Zunino
- Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Sandrine Chantepie
- Laboratoire Croissance, Réparation et Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), EA 4397 / ERL 9215, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Auriane Maïza
- Laboratoire Croissance, Réparation et Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), EA 4397 / ERL 9215, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Yuri Bozzi
- Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Claire Desnos
- UMR 8250, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Darchen
- UMR 8250, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Stettler
- UMR 8250, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Laboratoire Croissance, Réparation et Régénération Tissulaires (CRRET), EA 4397 / ERL 9215, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Paris Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lauterbach MA, Guillon M, Desnos C, Khamsing D, Jaffal Z, Darchen F, Emiliani V. Superresolving dendritic spine morphology with STED microscopy under holographic photostimulation. Neurophotonics 2016; 3:041806. [PMID: 27413766 PMCID: PMC4916265 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.3.4.041806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Emerging all-optical methods provide unique possibilities for noninvasive studies of physiological processes at the cellular and subcellular scale. On the one hand, superresolution microscopy enables observation of living samples with nanometer resolution. On the other hand, light can be used to stimulate cells due to the advent of optogenetics and photolyzable neurotransmitters. To exploit the full potential of optical stimulation, light must be delivered to specific cells or even parts of cells such as dendritic spines. This can be achieved with computer generated holography (CGH), which shapes light to arbitrary patterns by phase-only modulation. We demonstrate here in detail how CGH can be incorporated into a stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscope for photostimulation of neurons and monitoring of nanoscale morphological changes. We implement an original optical system to allow simultaneous holographic photostimulation and superresolution STED imaging. We present how synapses can be clearly visualized in live cells using membrane stains either with lipophilic organic dyes or with fluorescent proteins. We demonstrate the capabilities of this microscope to precisely monitor morphological changes of dendritic spines after stimulation. These all-optical methods for cell stimulation and monitoring are expected to spread to various fields of biological research in neuroscience and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Andreas Lauterbach
- University Paris Descartes, Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR8250, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45, rue des Saints Pères, Paris 75006, France
| | - Marc Guillon
- University Paris Descartes, Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR8250, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45, rue des Saints Pères, Paris 75006, France
| | - Claire Desnos
- University Paris Descartes, Synapic Trafficking Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR8250, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45, rue des Saints Pères, Paris 75006, France
| | - Dany Khamsing
- University Paris Descartes, Synapic Trafficking Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR8250, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45, rue des Saints Pères, Paris 75006, France
| | - Zahra Jaffal
- University Paris Descartes, Synapic Trafficking Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR8250, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45, rue des Saints Pères, Paris 75006, France
| | - François Darchen
- University Paris Descartes, Synapic Trafficking Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR8250, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45, rue des Saints Pères, Paris 75006, France
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- University Paris Descartes, Wavefront-Engineering Microscopy Group, Neurophotonics Laboratory, CNRS UMR8250, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 45, rue des Saints Pères, Paris 75006, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Reversat A, Yuseff MI, Lankar D, Malbec O, Obino D, Maurin M, Penmatcha NVG, Amoroso A, Sengmanivong L, Gundersen GG, Mellman I, Darchen F, Desnos C, Pierobon P, Lennon-Duménil AM. Polarity protein Par3 controls B-cell receptor dynamics and antigen extraction at the immune synapse. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:1273-85. [PMID: 25631815 PMCID: PMC4454175 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-09-1373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell receptor (BCR) engagement with surface-tethered antigens leads to the formation of an immune synapse, which facilitates antigen uptake for presentation to T-lymphocytes. Antigen internalization and processing rely on the early dynein-dependent transport of BCR-antigen microclusters to the synapse center, as well as on the later polarization of the microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). MTOC repositioning allows the release of proteases and the delivery of MHC class II molecules at the synapse. Whether and how these events are coordinated have not been addressed. Here we show that the ancestral polarity protein Par3 promotes BCR-antigen microcluster gathering, as well as MTOC polarization and lysosome exocytosis, at the synapse by facilitating local dynein recruitment. Par3 is also required for antigen presentation to T-lymphocytes. Par3 therefore emerges as a key molecule in the coupling of the early and late events needed for efficient extraction and processing of immobilized antigen by B-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Reversat
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Maria-Isabel Yuseff
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75005 Paris, France Departamento de Biologia Celular y Molecular, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, 6513677 Santiago, Chile
| | - Danielle Lankar
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Odile Malbec
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Dorian Obino
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Maurin
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Alejandro Amoroso
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75005 Paris, France Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, 7510157 Santiago, Chile
| | - Lucie Sengmanivong
- Cell and Tissue Imaging Core Facility (PICT-IBiSA) and Nikon Imaging Centre, Institut Curie, UMR144, Centre de Recherche, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Gregg G Gundersen
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | | | - François Darchen
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Claire Desnos
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, CNRS UMR8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Paolo Pierobon
- INSERM U932, Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, 75005 Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bretou M, Jouannot O, Fanget I, Pierobon P, Larochette N, Gestraud P, Guillon M, Emiliani V, Gasman S, Desnos C, Lennon-Duménil AM, Darchen F. Cdc42 controls the dilation of the exocytotic fusion pore by regulating membrane tension. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:3195-209. [PMID: 25143404 PMCID: PMC4196869 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-07-1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
On exocytosis, membrane fusion starts with the formation of a narrow fusion pore that must expand to allow the release of secretory compounds. The GTPase Cdc42 promotes fusion pore dilation in neuroendocrine cells by controlling membrane tension. Membrane fusion underlies multiple processes, including exocytosis of hormones and neurotransmitters. Membrane fusion starts with the formation of a narrow fusion pore. Radial expansion of this pore completes the process and allows fast release of secretory compounds, but this step remains poorly understood. Here we show that inhibiting the expression of the small GTPase Cdc42 or preventing its activation with a dominant negative Cdc42 construct in human neuroendocrine cells impaired the release process by compromising fusion pore enlargement. Consequently the mode of vesicle exocytosis was shifted from full-collapse fusion to kiss-and-run. Remarkably, Cdc42-knockdown cells showed reduced membrane tension, and the artificial increase of membrane tension restored fusion pore enlargement. Moreover, inhibiting the motor protein myosin II by blebbistatin decreased membrane tension, as well as fusion pore dilation. We conclude that membrane tension is the driving force for fusion pore dilation and that Cdc42 is a key regulator of this force.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Bretou
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U932, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ouardane Jouannot
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Isabelle Fanget
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Paolo Pierobon
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U932, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Nathanaël Larochette
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Pierre Gestraud
- Institut Curie, Paris 75248, France Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U900, Paris 75248, France Ecole des Mines ParisTech, Fontainebleau, 77300 France
| | - Marc Guillon
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Valentina Emiliani
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Stéphane Gasman
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/UPR3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Université Strasbourg, 67084 Strasbourg, France
| | - Claire Desnos
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| | - Ana-Maria Lennon-Duménil
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U932, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - François Darchen
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 8250, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Monteiro P, Rossé C, Castro-Castro A, Irondelle M, Lagoutte E, Paul-Gilloteaux P, Desnos C, Formstecher E, Darchen F, Perrais D, Gautreau A, Hertzog M, Chavrier P. Endosomal WASH and exocyst complexes control exocytosis of MT1-MMP at invadopodia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 203:1063-79. [PMID: 24344185 PMCID: PMC3871436 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201306162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
WASH and exocyst promote pericellular matrix degradation and tumor cell invasion by enabling localized exocytosis of MT1-MMP from late endosomes. Remodeling of the extracellular matrix by carcinoma cells during metastatic dissemination requires formation of actin-based protrusions of the plasma membrane called invadopodia, where the trans-membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) accumulates. Here, we describe an interaction between the exocyst complex and the endosomal Arp2/3 activator Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and Scar homolog (WASH) on MT1-MMP–containing late endosomes in invasive breast carcinoma cells. We found that WASH and exocyst are required for matrix degradation by an exocytic mechanism that involves tubular connections between MT1-MMP–positive late endosomes and the plasma membrane in contact with the matrix. This ensures focal delivery of MT1-MMP and supports pericellular matrix degradation and tumor cell invasion into different pathologically relevant matrix environments. Our data suggest a general mechanism used by tumor cells to breach the basement membrane and for invasive migration through fibrous collagen-enriched tissues surrounding the tumor.
Collapse
|
11
|
Desnos C, Huet S, Fanget I, Chapuis C, Böttiger C, Racine V, Sibarita JB, Henry JP, Darchen F. Myosin va mediates docking of secretory granules at the plasma membrane. J Neurosci 2007; 27:10636-45. [PMID: 17898234 PMCID: PMC6673143 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1228-07.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Myosin Va (MyoVa) is a prime candidate for controlling actin-based organelle motion in neurons and neuroendocrine cells. Its function in secretory granule (SG) trafficking was investigated in enterochromaffin cells by wide-field and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. The distribution of endogenous MyoVa partially overlapped with SGs and microtubules. Impairing MyoVa function by means of a truncated construct (MyoVa tail) or RNA interference prevented the formation of SG-rich regions at the cell periphery and reduced SG density in the subplasmalemmal region. Individual SG trajectories were tracked to analyze SG mobility. A wide distribution of their diffusion coefficient, D(xy), was observed. Almost immobile SGs (D(xy) < 5 x 10(-4) microm2 x s(-1)) were considered as docked at the plasma membrane based on two properties: (1) SGs that undergo exocytosis have a D(xy) below this threshold value for at least 2 s before fusion; (2) a negative autocorrelation of the vertical motion was found in subtrajectories with a D(xy) below the threshold. Using this criterion of docking, we found that the main effect of MyoVa inhibition was to reduce the number of docked granules, leading to reduced secretory responses. Surprisingly, this reduction was not attributable to a decreased transport of SGs toward release sites. In contrast, MyoVa silencing reduced the occurrence of long-lasting, but not short-lasting, docking periods. We thus propose that, despite its known motor activity, MyoVa directly mediates stable attachment of SGs at the plasma membrane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Desnos
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 1929, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 75005 Paris, France, and
| | - Sébastien Huet
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 1929, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 75005 Paris, France, and
| | - Isabelle Fanget
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 1929, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 75005 Paris, France, and
| | - Catherine Chapuis
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 1929, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 75005 Paris, France, and
| | - Caroline Böttiger
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 1929, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 75005 Paris, France, and
| | - Victor Racine
- Institut Curie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 144, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Sibarita
- Institut Curie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 144, 75248 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Henry
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 1929, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 75005 Paris, France, and
| | - François Darchen
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 1929, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, 75005 Paris, France, and
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Actin- and microtubule-based motors can propel different cargos along filaments. Within cells, they control the distribution of membrane-bound compartments by performing complementary tasks. Organelles make long journeys along microtubules, with class V myosins ensuring their capture and their dispersal in actin-rich regions. Myosin Va is recruited on to diverse organelles, such as melanosomes and secretory vesicles, by a mechanism involving Rab GTPases. The role of myosin Va in the recruitment of secretory vesicles at the plasma membrane reveals that the cortical actin network cannot merely be seen as a physical barrier hindering vesicle access to release sites. In neurons, myosin Va controls the targeting of IP(3) (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate)-sensitive Ca(2+) stores to dendritic spines and the transport of mRNAs. These defects probably account for the severe neurological symptoms observed in Griscelli syndrome due to mutations in the MYO5A gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Desnos
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 1929, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tran VS, Marion-Audibert AM, Karatekin E, Huet S, Cribier S, Guillaumie K, Chapuis C, Desnos C, Darchen F, Henry JP. Serotonin Secretion by Human Carcinoid BON Cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004; 1014:179-88. [PMID: 15153433 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1294.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BON cells are human carcinoid cells that secrete serotonin (5-HT) and various peptides. Secretion of [(3)H]5-HT by cell cultures was investigated. Acetylcholine (Ach) stimulated secretion through a somatostatin-sensitive muscarinic pathway, whereas isoproterenol was inefficient. [(3)H]5-HT secretion also was induced by Ca(2+) in the presence of the ionophore A-23187 or after digitonin permeabilization. These two processes were insensitive to stomatostatin. Ba(2+) induced an efficient somatostatin-sensitive [(3)H]5-HT secretory response. Secretion also was analyzed at the single-cell level, using carbon fiber amperometry and evanescent-field fluorescence microscopy, after labeling the secretory vesicles by transfection of the cells with a NPY-GFP construct. Both techniques revealed slow kinetics of secretory responses, suggesting that ready-to-fuse vesicles do not accumulate in these cells. Single secretory vesicles were imaged either in resting conditions or after addition of Ca(2+) ions to digitonin-permeabilized cells. The three-dimensional movements of the vesicles before exocytosis were analyzed. The mean velocity of vesicles that released their content was lower than that of silent ones. Even in the case of mobile vesicles, exocytosis often was preceded by a period of arrest lasting at least 15 seconds, consistent with a docking/priming step.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viet Samuel Tran
- Biologie moléculaire et cellulaire de la secretion, CNRS UPR 1929, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Desnos C, Schonn JS, Huet S, Tran VS, El-Amraoui A, Raposo G, Fanget I, Chapuis C, Ménasché G, de Saint Basile G, Petit C, Cribier S, Henry JP, Darchen F. Rab27A and its effector MyRIP link secretory granules to F-actin and control their motion towards release sites. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 163:559-70. [PMID: 14610058 PMCID: PMC2173641 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200302157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The GTPase Rab27A interacts with myosin-VIIa and myosin-Va via MyRIP or melanophilin and mediates melanosome binding to actin. Here we show that Rab27A and MyRIP are associated with secretory granules (SGs) in adrenal chromaffin cells and PC12 cells. Overexpression of Rab27A, GTPase-deficient Rab27A-Q78L, or MyRIP reduced secretory responses of PC12 cells. Amperometric recordings of single adrenal chromaffin cells revealed that Rab27A-Q78L and MyRIP reduced the sustained component of release. Moreover, these effects on secretion were partly suppressed by the actin-depolymerizing drug latrunculin but strengthened by jasplakinolide, which stabilizes the actin cortex. Finally, MyRIP and Rab27A-Q78L restricted the motion of SGs in the subplasmalemmal region of PC12 cells, as measured by evanescent-wave fluorescence microscopy. In contrast, the Rab27A-binding domain of MyRIP and a MyRIP construct that interacts with myosin-Va but not with actin increased the mobility of SGs. We propose that Rab27A and MyRIP link SGs to F-actin and control their motion toward release sites through the actin cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Desnos
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) UPR 1929, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Transmitter uptake and exocytosis of secretory vesicles are two essential aspects of neurotransmission. Here we show that transient overexpression of plasma membrane monoamine transporters in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells induced an approximate 20-fold enhancement of cellular uptake of monoamines. Intravesicular amine concentration was greatly increased, as demonstrated directly by carbon fibre amperometry. However, the amount of stored monoamines diminished over a 5-h period, unless monoamine oxidase was inhibited, indicating that monoamines leak out from secretory vesicles. This efflux of monoamines accounts for the reported dependence of vesicular monoamine content (the quantal size) on the kinetics of vesicular monoamine uptake. Measuring radiolabelled monoamines release from the cell population provided accurate determination of the secretory activity of the subpopulation (10-20%) of cells transfected with monoamine transporters, since they contained about 95% of the radiolabel. Accordingly, significant modification of the secretory responses was observed, at the cell population level, upon transient expression of the serotonin transporter and of proteins known to interfere with exocytosis, such as botulinum neurotoxin C1, GTPase-deficient Rab3 proteins, truncated Rabphilin constructs or Rim. The co-transfection assay described here, based on transient expression of monoamine transporters, should prove useful in functional studies of the secretory machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Sébastien Schonn
- CNRS UPR 1929, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Sébastien Schonn
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 1929, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
El-Amraoui A, Schonn JS, Küssel-Andermann P, Blanchard S, Desnos C, Henry JP, Wolfrum U, Darchen F, Petit C. MyRIP, a novel Rab effector, enables myosin VIIa recruitment to retinal melanosomes. EMBO Rep 2002; 3:463-70. [PMID: 11964381 PMCID: PMC1084103 DOI: 10.1093/embo-reports/kvf090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects of the myosin VIIa motor protein cause deafness and retinal anomalies in humans and mice. We report on the identification of a novel myosin-VIIa-interacting protein that we have named MyRIP (myosin-VIIa- and Rab-interacting protein), since it also binds to Rab27A in a GTP-dependent manner. In the retinal pigment epithelium cells, MyRIP, myosin VIIa and Rab27A are associated with melanosomes. In transfected PC12 cells, overexpression of MyRIP was shown to interfere with the myosin VIIa tail localization. We propose that a molecular complex composed of Rab27A, MyRIP and myosin VIIa bridges retinal melanosomes to the actin cytoskeleton and thereby mediates the local trafficking of these organelles. The defect of this molecular complex is likely to account for the perinuclear mislocalization of the melanosomes observed in the retinal pigment epithelium cells of myosinVIIa-defective mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz El-Amraoui
- Unité de Génétique des Déficits Sensoriels, CNRS URA 1968, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, F-5724 Paris cedex 15, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Neuroendocrine PC12 cells contain small microvesicles that closely resemble synaptic vesicles in their physical and chemical properties. Two defining characteristics of synaptic vesicles are their homogeneous size and their unique protein composition. Since synaptic vesicles arise by endocytosis from the plasma membrane, nerve terminals and PC12 cells must contain the molecular machinery to sort synaptic vesicles from other membrane proteins and pinch off vesicles of the correct diameter from a precursor compartment. A cell-free reconstitution system was developed that generates vesicles from PC12 membrane precursors in the presence of ATP and brain cytosol and is temperature dependent. At 15 degrees C, surface-labeled synaptic vesicle proteins accumulate in a donor compartment, while labeled synaptic vesicles cannot be detected. The block of synaptic vesicle formation at 15 degrees C enables the use of the monoclonal antibody, KT3, a specific marker for the epitope-tagged synaptic vesicle protein, VAMP-TAg, to label precursors in the synaptic vesicle biogenesis pathway. From membranes labeled in vivo at 15 degrees C, vesicles generated in vitro at 37 degreesC had the sedimentation characteristics of neuroendocrine synaptic vesicles on glycerol velocity gradients, and excluded the transferrin receptor. Therefore, vesiculation and sorting can be studied in this cell-free system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Clift-O'Grady
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Hormone Research Institute, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California, 94143-0534, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lichtenstein Y, Desnos C, Faúndez V, Kelly RB, Clift-O'Grady L. Vesiculation and sorting from PC12-derived endosomes in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1998; 95:11223-8. [PMID: 9736717 PMCID: PMC21623 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.95.19.11223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/1998] [Accepted: 07/24/1998] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of small vesicles resembling synaptic vesicles can be reconstituted in vitro by incubating labeled homogenates of PC12 cells with ATP and two cytoplasmic proteins, AP3 and ARF1 [Faúndez, V., Horng, J.-T. & Kelly, R. B. (1998) Cell 93, 423-432]. To determine whether AP3 was mediating budding from plasma membranes or endosomes the organelle that generated the synaptic vesicles was characterized. The budding activity was enriched in organelles that labeled at 15 degrees C, but not at 4 degrees C, that excluded a marker of plasma membranes and that contained internalized transferrin, indicating that the precursor was an endosome. Vesicles formed from the endosomal precursor in vitro excluded transferrin. We conclude that ARF-mediated vesiculation into synaptic vesicle-sized organelles uses an endosomal precursor and occurs simultaneously in vitro with sorting of synaptic vesicle proteins from other membrane protein constituents of the endosome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lichtenstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Hormone Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0534, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Synaptic vesicles are synthesized at a rapid rate in nerve terminals to compensate for their rapid loss during neurotransmitter release. Their biogenesis involves endocytosis of synaptic vesicle membrane proteins from the plasma membrane and requires two steps, the segregation of synaptic vesicle membrane proteins from other cellular proteins, and the packaging of those unique proteins into vesicles of the correct size. By labeling an epitope-tagged variant of a synaptic vesicle protein, VAMP (synaptobrevin), at the cell surface of the neuroendocrine cell line PC12, synaptic vesicle biogenesis could be followed with considerable precision, quantitatively and kinetically. Epitope-tagged VAMP was recovered in synaptic vesicles within a few minutes of leaving the cell surface. More efficient targeting was obtained by using the VAMP mutant, del 61-70. Synaptic vesicles did not form at 15 degrees C although endocytosis still occurred. Synaptic vesicles could be generated in vitro from a homogenate of cells labeled at 15 degrees C. The newly formed vesicles are identical to those formed in vivo in their sedimentation characteristics, the presence of the synaptic vesicle protein synaptophysin, and the absence of detectable transferrin receptor. Brain, but not fibroblast cytosol, allows vesicles of the correct size to form. Vesicle formation is time and temperature-dependent, requires ATP, is calcium independent, and is inhibited by GTP-gamma S. Thus, two key steps in synaptic vesicle biogenesis have been reconstituted in vitro, allowing direct analysis of the proteins involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Desnos
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0534, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Desnos C, Laran MP, Langley K, Aunis D, Henry JP. Long term stimulation changes the vesicular monoamine transporter content of chromaffin granules. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:16030-8. [PMID: 7608164 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.27.16030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine chromaffin cells cultured for 5 days in the presence of depolarizing concentrations of K+ ions show a decreased number of secretory (chromaffin) granules per cell. These cells were still capable of exocytosis. Their contents in catecholamine and chromogranin A, components of the granule matrix, and cytochrome b561, a major protein of the granule membrane, were decreased to 35, 30, and 50% of control cells, respectively. However, in the same cells, the number of [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding sites, a specific ligand of the vesicular monoamine transporter, was increased to 180% of controls. In situ uptake of noradrenaline in permeabilized cells indicated that [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding sites were associated with a functional vesicular monoamine transporter. When analyzed by isopycnic centrifugation, these sites cosedimented with catecholamine, chromogranin A, and cytochrome b561, in a peak with a density lighter than that from controls. The composition of this peak suggests that it contains incompletely matured secretory granules, with a 3-5-fold increase in the vesicular monoamine transporter content of this membrane. This increase might indicate that an adaptative process occurs which allows a faster filling of the granules in continuously secreting cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Desnos
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Associée 1112, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kaneda Y, Grote E, Bonzelius F, Desnos C, Herman G, Clift-O'Grady L, Kelly RB. Recycling of synaptic vesicle membrane components. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 1995; 60:379-87. [PMID: 8824411 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1995.060.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Kaneda
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Hormone Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 94143-0534, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Henry JP, Botton D, Sagne C, Isambert MF, Desnos C, Blanchard V, Raisman-Vozari R, Krejci E, Massoulie J, Gasnier B. Biochemistry and molecular biology of the vesicular monoamine transporter from chromaffin granules. J Exp Biol 1994; 196:251-62. [PMID: 7823026 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.196.1.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Prior to secretion, monoamines (catecholamines, serotonin, histamine) are concentrated from the cytoplasm into vesicles by vesicular monoamine transporters (VMAT). These transporters also carry non-physiological compounds, e.g. the neurotoxin methyl-4-phenylpyridinium. VMAT acts as an electrogenic antiporter (exchanger) of protons and monoamines, using a proton electrochemical gradient. Vesicular transport is inhibited by specific ligands, including tetrabenazine, ketanserin and reserpine. The mechanism of transport and the biochemistry of VMAT have been analyzed with the help of these tools, using mainly the chromaffin granules from bovine adrenal glands as a source of transporter. Although biochemical studies did not suggest a multiplicity of VMATs, two homologous but distinct VMAT genes have recently been cloned from rat, bovine and human adrenal glands. The VMAT proteins are predicted to possess 12 transmembrane segments, with both extremities lying on the cytoplasmic side. They possess N-glycosylation sites in a putative luminal loop and phosphorylation sites in cytoplasmic domains. In rat, VMAT1 is expressed in the adrenal gland whereas VMAT2 is expressed in the brain. In contrast, we found that the bovine adrenal gland expressed both VMAT1 and VMAT2. VMAT2 corresponds to the major transporter of chromaffin granules, as shown by partial peptidic sequences of the purified protein and by a pharmacological analysis of the transport obtained in transfected COS cells (COS cells are monkey kidney cells possessing the ability to replicate SV-40-origin-containing plasmids). We discuss the possibility that VMAT1 may be specifically addressed to large secretory granules vesicles, whereas VMAT2 may also be addressed to small synaptic vesicles; species differences would then reflect the distinct physiological roles of the small synaptic vesicles in the adrenal gland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Henry
- CNRS URA 1112, Neurobiologie Physico-Chimique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Affiliation(s)
- J P Henry
- Service de Neurobiologie Physico-Chimique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Desnos C, Laran MP, Scherman D. Regulation of the chromaffin granule catecholamine transporter in cultured bovine adrenal medullary cells: stimulus-biosynthesis coupling. J Neurochem 1992; 59:2105-12. [PMID: 1279122 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The transsynaptic induction of the monoamine transporter present on the membrane of chromaffin granules was studied in primary cultures of dissociated bovine adrenomedullary cells submitted to a chronic secretory stimulation. The amount of the vesicular monoamine transporter was assayed by binding of the specific ligand [3H]-dihydrotetrabenazine. After several days of incubation in the presence of high potassium, the concentration of [3H]-dihydrotetrabenazine binding sites was increased by a 1.5-2.5 factor. This increase was smaller in the presence of the cholinergic agonist carbachol. The long-term inductions of the vesicular monoamine transporter, of tyrosine hydroxylase, and of acetylcholinesterase were of similar magnitude. Under the same conditions, we found no variation in either the activities of other catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes (dopamine beta-hydroxylase and DOPA decarboxylase), or in metabolic enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase, and a decrease in the cellular content of chromogranin A and cytochrome b-561. The induction of the vesicular monoamine transporter was inhibited by the calcium channel antagonists, fluspirilene and nifedipine, and was increased by the agonist Bay K 8644. It was abolished by cycloheximide and actinomycin D. These results indicate that calcium entry into chromaffin cells increases the synthesis of the vesicular monoamine transporter, presumably by transcriptional activation. Elevation of intracellular cyclic AMP concentration or activation of protein kinase C also induced an increase in the expression of the vesicular monoamine transporter. Our results confirm that components of storage vesicle membranes are differentially regulated in response to secretory stimulation, as are several cytosolic or intravesicular soluble proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Desnos
- Service de Neurobiologie Physico-Chimique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Associée 1112, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gasnier B, Isambert M, Sagmé C, Desnos C, Scherman D, Henry J. The monoamine transporter of chromaffin granules: Purification and regulation. Neurochem Int 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0197-0186(92)91851-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
27
|
Schmidle T, Weiler R, Desnos C, Scherman D, Fischer-Colbrie R, Floor E, Winkler H. Synaptin/synaptophysin, p65 and SV2: their presence in adrenal chromaffin granules and sympathetic large dense core vesicles. Biochim Biophys Acta 1991; 1060:251-6. [PMID: 1751512 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80314-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The subcellular distribution of three proteins of synaptic vesicles (synaptin/synaptophysin, p65 and SV2) was determined in bovine adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerve axons. In adrenals most p65 and SV2 is confined to chromaffin granules. Part of synaptin/synaptophysin is apparently also present in these organelles, but a considerable portion is found in a light vesicle which does not contain significant concentrations of typical markers of chromaffin granules (cytochrome b-561, dopamine beta-hydroxylase or the amine carrier). An analogous finding was obtained for sympathetic axons. The large dense core vesicles contain most p65 and also SV2 but only a smaller portion of synaptin/synaptophysin. A lighter vesicle containing this latter antigen and some SV2 has also been found. These results establish that in adrenal medulla and sympathetic axons three typical antigens of synaptic vesicles are not restricted to light vesicles. Apparently, a varying part of these antigens is found in chromaffin granules and large dense core vesicles. On the other hand, the light vesicles do not contain significant concentrations of functional antigens of chromaffin granules. Thus, the biogenesis of small presynaptic vesicles which contain all three antigens as well as functional components like the amine carrier is likely to involve considerable membrane sorting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Schmidle
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Desnos C, Raynaud B, Vidal S, Weber MJ, Scherman D. Induction of the vesicular monoamine transporter by elevated potassium concentration in cultures of rat sympathetic neurons. Brain Res Dev Brain Res 1990; 52:161-6. [PMID: 2331784 DOI: 10.1016/0165-3806(90)90231-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The expression of the vesicular monoamine transporter was studied in newborn rat sympathetic neurons and compared to that of the catecholamine biosynthesis enzymes tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. The vesicular monoamine transporter was assayed using the specific ligand [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine. In cultures grown for 10 days in the presence of 35 mM K+, tyrosine hydroxylase activity and the density of [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding sites were increased by a similar 2-3-fold factor, while dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity and protein level were unchanged. Under these conditions, choline acetyltransferase activity was depressed by 90%. The induction of the vesicular monoamine transporter by high K+ was dependent upon Ca2+ entry through slow calcium channels since it was inhibited by the diphenylbutylpiperidine antagonist fluspirilene and by 20 mM Mg2+, and was enhanced by the dihydropyridine agonist, Bay K8644. The induction of the vesicular monoamine transporter by neuronal depolarization indicates the existence of a Ca2(+)-dependent mechanism of coregulation for this intrinsic component of monoaminergic synaptic vesicles and tyrosine hydroxylase. On the other hand, the apparent absence of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase induction is probably due to the continuous secretion of this intravesicular enzyme by the depolarized sympathetic neurons, an effect already observed in trans-synaptically stimulated adult sympathetic ganglion and adrenal medulla.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Desnos
- U.A. C.N.R.S. de Neurobiologie Physico-Chimique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
The striatal dopaminergic innervation was investigated postmortem in 49 control and 57 parkinsonian brains by assessing the binding of tritiated alpha-dihydrotetrabenazine ([3H]TBZOH), a specific ligand of the vesicular monoamine transporter. The density of [3H]TBZOH binding sites in the caudate nucleus of control subjects decreased significantly with age, suggesting an age-dependent reduction in striatal dopamine innervation. In contrast, an increase with the age at time of death was observed in patients with Parkinson's disease, although the density of [3H]TBZOH binding sites was subnormal. Mean values represented 26.5% and 12.7% of control values in the caudate nucleus and in the putamen, respectively. The binding of [3H]TBZOH in the caudate nucleus decreased exponentially with the duration of Parkinson's disease. The rate of [3H]TBZOH binding decrease, an index of the rate of striatal dopaminergic denervation, was about twice as high in parkinsonian patients as in controls and was not related to the age at onset of the disease. The data suggest that (1) parkinsonian symptoms appear above a threshold degeneration state corresponding to 50% of the normal innervation at the age of 60, and (2) aging does not play a major role in the process of nigrostriatal neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Scherman
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Darchen F, Scherman D, Desnos C, Henry JP. Characteristics of the transport of the quaternary ammonium 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium by chromaffin granules. Biochem Pharmacol 1988; 37:4381-7. [PMID: 3264161 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(88)90621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), an active metabolite of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine which induces Parkinson's disease in man, is a substrate of the monoamine uptake system of chromaffin granules. It is accumulated without chemical modification by bovine chromaffin granule membrane vesicles in the presence of ATP. The transport is saturable and is characterized by a Km value of 0.8 microM at pH 8.0, similar to that of serotonin (5-HT). Transport occurs through the monoamine transporter since it is competitively inhibited by 5-HT and since MPP+ competitively inhibits [3H]5-HT uptake. Moreover, [3H]MPP+ uptake is blocked by the monoamine transporter inhibitors tetrabenazine and reserpine. Finally, MPP+ efficiently displaces [3H]reserpine and [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine from their binding sites on the transporter. In the pH range 6-8, the Km for [3H]MPP+ uptake and the EC50 of MPP+ for the displacement of [3H]dihydrotetrabenazine decrease logarithmically with the pH. MPP+ is the first quaternary ammonium salt shown to be a substrate of the monoamine transporter and it has the same pH-dependency as monoamines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Darchen
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, C.N.R.S. UA 1112, Paris, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pierot L, Desnos C, Blin J, Raisman R, Scherman D, Javoy-Agid F, Ruberg M, Agid Y. D1 and D2-type dopamine receptors in patients with Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. J Neurol Sci 1988; 86:291-306. [PMID: 2975699 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(88)90106-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The densities of D1- and D2-type dopamine receptors were measured with [3H]SCH23390 and [3H]spiperone, in the caudate nucleus and putamen of a large series of patients with Parkinson's disease or progressive supranuclear palsy, in relation to markers of dopaminergic and cholinergic innervation of the striatum ([3H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding and choline acetyltransferase activity). Correlations were sought between these parameters and clinical characteristics of the patients (abnormal involuntary movements, dementia, confusional syndrome or treatment). In Parkinson's disease, the densities of both types of receptors were unchanged, whereas in PSP, the density of D2, but not D1-type dopamine receptors, was decreased in the caudate nucleus and the putamen. No correlations between the biochemical and clinical data were found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Pierot
- INSERM U. 289, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Scherman D, Darchen F, Desnos C, Henry JP. 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium is a substrate of the vesicular monoamine uptake system of chromaffin granules. Eur J Pharmacol 1988; 146:359-60. [PMID: 3259507 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(88)90317-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Scherman
- Institut de Biologie Physico-chimique, Paris, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|