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Mendes E, Acetturi BG, Thomas AM, Martins FDS, Crisma AR, Murata G, Braga TT, Camâra NOS, Franco ALDS, Setubal JC, Ribeiro WR, Valduga CJ, Curi R, Dias-Neto E, Tavares-de-Lima W, Ferreira CM. Prophylactic Supplementation of Bifidobacterium longum 5 1A Protects Mice from Ovariectomy-Induced Exacerbated Allergic Airway Inflammation and Airway Hyperresponsiveness. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1732. [PMID: 28959241 PMCID: PMC5604069 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects more females than males after puberty, and its symptoms and severity in women change during menstruation and menopause. Recently, evidence has demonstrated that interactions among the microbiota, female sex hormones, and immunity are associated with the development of autoimmune diseases. However, no studies have investigated if therapeutic gut microbiota modulation strategies could affect asthma exacerbation during menstruation and menopause. Here we aimed to examine the preventive effects of a probiotic, Bifidobacterium longum 51A, on airway inflammation exacerbation in allergic ovariectomized mice. We first evaluated the gut microbiota composition and diversity in mice 10 days after ovariectomy. Next, we examined whether re-exposure of ovariectomized allergic mice to antigen (ovalbumin) would lead to exacerbation of lung inflammation. Finally, we evaluated the preventive and treatment effect of B. longum 51A on lung inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Our results showed that whereas ovariectomy caused no alterations in the gut microbiota composition and diversity in this animal model, 10 days after ovariectomy, preventive use administration of B. longum 51A, rather than its use after surgery was capable of attenuate the exacerbated lung inflammation and hyperresponsiveness in ovariectomized allergic mice. This prophylactic effect of B. longum 51A involves acetate production, which led to increased fecal acetate levels and, consequently, increased Treg cells in ovariectomized allergic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Mendes
- Department of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São PauloDiadema, Brazil
| | - Beatriz G Acetturi
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences I, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrew M Thomas
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, CIPE/A.C.Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil.,Bioinformatics Graduate Program, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Dos S Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Amanda R Crisma
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gilson Murata
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tárcio T Braga
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Niels O S Camâra
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana L Dos S Franco
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de JulhoSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - João C Setubal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Willian R Ribeiro
- Department of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São PauloDiadema, Brazil
| | - Claudete J Valduga
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Universidade de Anhanguera de São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Dias-Neto
- Medical Genomics Laboratory, CIPE/A.C.Camargo Cancer CenterSão Paulo, Brazil.,Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Institute of Psychiatry, Medical School University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wothan Tavares-de-Lima
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences I, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline M Ferreira
- Department of Pharmaceutics Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São PauloDiadema, Brazil
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Andrade-Oliveira V, Amano MT, Correa-Costa M, Castoldi A, Felizardo RJF, de Almeida DC, Bassi EJ, Moraes-Vieira PM, Hiyane MI, Rodas ACD, Peron JPS, Aguiar CF, Reis MA, Ribeiro WR, Valduga CJ, Curi R, Vinolo MAR, Ferreira CM, Câmara NOS. Gut Bacteria Products Prevent AKI Induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:1877-88. [PMID: 25589612 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014030288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are fermentation end products produced by the intestinal microbiota and have anti-inflammatory and histone deacetylase-inhibiting properties. Recently, a dual relationship between the intestine and kidneys has been unraveled. Therefore, we evaluated the role of SCFA in an AKI model in which the inflammatory process has a detrimental role. We observed that therapy with the three main SCFAs (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) improved renal dysfunction caused by injury. This protection was associated with low levels of local and systemic inflammation, oxidative cellular stress, cell infiltration/activation, and apoptosis. However, it was also associated with an increase in autophagy. Moreover, SCFAs inhibited histone deacetylase activity and modulated the expression levels of enzymes involved in chromatin modification. In vitro analyses showed that SCFAs modulated the inflammatory process, decreasing the maturation of dendritic cells and inhibiting the capacity of these cells to induce CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell proliferation. Furthermore, SCFAs ameliorated the effects of hypoxia in kidney epithelial cells by improving mitochondrial biogenesis. Notably, mice treated with acetate-producing bacteria also had better outcomes after AKI. Thus, we demonstrate that SCFAs improve organ function and viability after an injury through modulation of the inflammatory process, most likely via epigenetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariane T Amano
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus Correa-Costa
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Enio J Bassi
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Moraes-Vieira
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Meire I Hiyane
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea C D Rodas
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean P S Peron
- Neuroimmune Interactions Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristhiane F Aguiar
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlene A Reis
- Division of Pathology, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Willian R Ribeiro
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo UNIAN-SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudete J Valduga
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo UNIAN-SP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Marco Aurelio Ramirez Vinolo
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline M Ferreira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; and
| | - Niels Olsen Saraiva Câmara
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunobiology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences IV, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil;
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Moura JA, Valduga CJ, Tavares ER, Kretzer IF, Maria DA, Maranhão RC. Novel formulation of a methotrexate derivative with a lipid nanoemulsion. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:2285-95. [PMID: 22072866 PMCID: PMC3205125 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s18039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipid nanoemulsions that bind to low-density lipoprotein receptors can concentrate chemotherapeutic agents in tissues with low-density lipoprotein receptor overexpression and decrease the toxicity of the treatment. The aim of this study was to develop a new formulation using a lipophilic derivative of methotrexate, ie, didodecyl methotrexate (ddMTX), associated with a lipid nanoemulsion (ddMTX-LDE). Methods ddMTX was synthesized by an esterification reaction between methotrexate and dodecyl bromide. The lipid nanoemulsion was prepared by four hours of ultrasonication of a mixture of phosphatidylcholine, triolein, and cholesteryloleate. Association of ddMTX with the lipid nanoemulsion was performed by additional cosonication of ddMTX with the previously prepared lipid nanoemulsion. Formulation stability was evaluated, and cell uptake, cytotoxicity, and acute animal toxicity studies were performed. Results The yield of ddMTX incorporation was 98% and the particle size of LDE-ddMTX was 60 nm. After 48 hours of incubation with plasma, approximately 28% ddMTX was released from the lipid nanoemulsion. The formulation remained stable for at least 45 days at 4°C. Cytotoxicity of LDE-ddMTX against K562 and HL60 neoplastic cells was higher than for methotrexate (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] 1.6 versus 18.2 mM and 0.2 versus 26 mM, respectively), and cellular uptake of LDE-ddMTX was 90-fold higher than that of methotrexate in K562 cells and 75-fold in HL60 cells. Toxicity of LDE-ddMTX, administered at escalating doses, was higher than for methotrexate (LD50 115 mg/kg versus 470 mg/kg; maximum tolerated dose 47 mg/kg versus 94 mg/kg) in mice. However, the hematological toxicity of LDE-ddMTX was lower than for methotrexate. Conclusion LDE-ddMTX was stable, and uptake of the formulation by neoplastic cells was remarkably greater than of methotrexate, which resulted in markedly greater cytotoxicity. LDE-ddMTX is thus a promising formulation to be tested in future animal models of cancer or rheumatic disease, wherein methotrexate is widely used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana A Moura
- Heart Institute of the Medical School Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Valduga CJ, Leonardo GP, Maria DA, Santos RP, Santos RM, Santos MA, Quincoces JA. Abstract 2666: Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution in mice of sodium 4-[5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-penta-1,4-dienyl]-2-methoxy-phenolate, a curcumin derivative. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am10-2666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction and Objective: 1,5-diarylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one and derivatives as 1,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-penta-1,4-dien-3-one (1) are phenolic compounds with structure similar to curcumin, a natural substance with a large variety of biological effects. UNIBAN's Organic Synthesis Group has been working for some years with compound 1, which shows a good antitumor activity and a low toxicity as confirmed by the in vivo studies. Compound 1 was converted in its respective monosodium salt (2) in order to become water-soluble and to facilitate in vivo studies. Here we evaluated the pharmacokinetic profile of the water-soluble sodium salt, 2, and identified the main metabolites found in plasma and tissues of health mice.
Materials and Methods: Nine groups of four healthy mice were injected with a single dose of compound 1 (50mg/Kg) into the retro-orbital venous plexus. Blood samples were collected from 5 min. to 24h, centrifuged and mice were sacrificed. One group was taken as control. Compound 2 or 1 and/or its metabolites were extracted from plasma and organs (heart, liver, spleen, brain, lymph node, kidney and lung and intestine) with methanol and methanol/chloroform 1:2, respectively. Solvents were concentrated under nitrogen flow, reconstituted and analyzed in HPLC and LC-MS. The pharmacokinetic parameters of compound 1 were calculated using a multicompartimental model by means of a computer software.
Results: When plasma samples were analyzed we only found compound 1 and metabolites. Regarding pharmacokinetic, the sodium salt or its neutral form disappeared from plasma after thirteen minutes of injection, the half-life is very short although its neutral form show a half-life around of 6 hours, according to literature. T1/2β of compound 1 was 14.1±2.7 minutes, AUC 2425.9±113.6 μg.min/mL, CL 18.0±0.4 mL/min, Vdss 367.1±77.5 mL/kg. Due to the fact of 2 be water-soluble it is quickly metabolized mainly by cytochrome P450 enzymes. We identified mono- and bis-O-demethylated, double bond-reduced, both double bond- and carbonyl-reduced, bis-hydroxylated, sulphated and glucuronidated metabolites being excreted by gastrointestinal tract. Some of these metabolites were found in other analyzed tissues too.
Conclusion: The conversion of compound 1 in its respective water-soluble sodium salt, 2, has the great advantage of avoiding toxic organic solvents, but its half-life is drastically reduced compared to neutral form (1), due to its quick metabolization, producing molecules that suffer only phase I or phase II metabolism and as a last resort both phase I and II happened simultaneously on the same molecule. Probably due to the quick metabolization of the ionic form, the conversion of 1 in its respective sodium salt gave rise to a slight reduction on antitumoral activity when compared to its neutral form, as saw in previous studies.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2666.
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Valduga CJ, Fernandes DC, Lo Prete AC, Azevedo CHM, Rodrigues DG, Maranhão RC. Use of a cholesterol-rich microemulsion that binds to low-density lipoprotein receptors as vehicle for etoposide. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 55:1615-22. [PMID: 14738586 DOI: 10.1211/0022357022232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A cholesterol-rich microemulsion (LDE) that binds to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors is selectively taken up by malignant cells that overexpress those receptors and may be used as vehicle for antineoplastic agents. This study aimed to develop the association of etoposide with LDE. It was firstly observed that etoposide poorly associates with the microemulsion, therefore the experiments were performed with a lipophilic fatty acid derivative of the drug. The association of etoposide oleate with LDE was almost 100% and was tested for physical and chemical stability, as well as for cellular uptake, toxicity in mice and cytotoxic activity against a neoplastic cell line (NCI-H292). Uptake and cytotoxic activity of LDE-etoposide oleate by NCI-H292 cells was mediated by LDL receptors. The anti-proliferative activity of LDE-etoposide oleate against the neoplastic cells was smaller than that of etoposide oleate (IC50 (drug concentration required to inhibit 50% of the cell growth) = 0.48 and 0.19 mm, respectively). This difference, however, can be ascribed to the activity of the commercially used vehicle and not the drug itself because when this vehicle was added to the cultures with LDE-etoposide oleate, the IC50 decreased. On the other hand, the tolerability of LDE-etoposide oleate to mice was remarkable, such that its lethal dose (LD50) was about five-fold that of the commercial formulation (LD50=315 and 58 mg kg−1, respectively). In conclusion, LDE-etoposide oleate association is stable and the cytostatic activity of the drug is preserved while its toxicity to animals is small. By diminishing the side effects and directing etoposide to neoplastic tissues, LDE may be regarded as an advance in chemotherapy with this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudete J Valduga
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, the Heart Institute (InCor) of the Medical School Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
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Teixeira RS, Valduga CJ, Benvenutti LA, Schreier S, Maranhão RC. Delivery of daunorubicin to cancer cells with decreased toxicity by association with a lipidic nanoemulsion that binds to LDL receptors. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.10.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A lipidic nanoemulsion termed LDE concentrates in neoplastic cells after injection into the bloodstream and thus can be used as a drug carrier to tumour sites. The chemotherapeutic agent daunorubicin associates poorly with LDE; the aim of this study was to clarify whether the derivatization of daunorubicin by the attachment of an oleyl group increases the association with LDE, and to test the cytotoxicity and animal toxicity of the new preparation. The association of oleyldaunorubicin (oDNR) to LDE showed high yield (93 ± 2% and 84 ± 4% at 1:10 and 1:5 drug:lipid mass, respectively) and was stable for at least 20 days. Association with oDNR increased the LDE particle diameter from 42 ± 4 nm to 75 ± 6 nm. Cytotoxicity of LDE-oDNR was reduced two-fold in HL-60 and K-562 cell lines, fourteen-fold in B16 cells and nine-fold in L1210 cells when compared with commercial daunorubicin. When tested in mice, LDE-oDNR showed remarkable reduced toxicity (maximum tolerated dose > 253 μmol kg−1, compared with <3 μmol kg−1 for commercial daunorubicin). At high doses, the cardiac tissue of LDE-oDNR-treated animals had much smaller structural lesions than with commercial daunorubicin. LDE-oDNR is therefore a promising new preparation that may offer superior tolerability compared with commercial daunorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel S Teixeira
- Lipid Metabolism and Pathology Laboratories, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudete J Valduga
- Lipid Metabolism and Pathology Laboratories, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis A Benvenutti
- Lipid Metabolism and Pathology Laboratories, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Shirley Schreier
- Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raul C Maranhão
- Lipid Metabolism and Pathology Laboratories, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Teixeira RS, Valduga CJ, Benvenutti LA, Schreier S, Maranhão RC. Delivery of daunorubicin to cancer cells with decreased toxicity by association with a lipidic nanoemulsion that binds to LDL receptors. J Pharm Pharmacol 2009; 60:1287-95. [PMID: 18812021 DOI: 10.1211/jpp/60.10.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A lipidic nanoemulsion termed LDE concentrates in neoplastic cells after injection into the bloodstream and thus can be used as a drug carrier to tumour sites. The chemotherapeutic agent daunorubicin associates poorly with LDE; the aim of this study was to clarify whether the derivatization of daunorubicin by the attachment of an oleyl group increases the association with LDE, and to test the cytotoxicity and animal toxicity of the new preparation. The association of oleyl-daunorubicin (oDNR) to LDE showed high yield (93 +/- 2% and 84 +/- 4% at 1:10 and 1:5 drug:lipid mass, respectively) and was stable for at least 20 days. Association with oDNR increased the LDE particle diameter from 42 +/- 4 nm to 75 +/- 6 nm. Cytotoxicity of LDE-oDNR was reduced two-fold in HL-60 and K-562 cell lines, fourteen-fold in B16 cells and nine-fold in L1210 cells when compared with commercial daunorubicin. When tested in mice, LDE-oDNR showed remarkable reduced toxicity (maximum tolerated dose > 253 micromol kg(-1), compared with <3 micromol kg(-1) for commercial daunorubicin). At high doses, the cardiac tissue of LDE-oDNR-treated animals had much smaller structural lesions than with commercial daunorubicin. LDE-oDNR is therefore a promising new preparation that may offer superior tolerability compared with commercial daunorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel S Teixeira
- Lipid Metabolism and Pathology Laboratories, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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Maranhão RC, Tavares ER, Padoveze AF, Valduga CJ, Rodrigues DG, Pereira MD. Paclitaxel associated with cholesterol-rich nanoemulsions promotes atherosclerosis regression in the rabbit. Atherosclerosis 2008; 197:959-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2007] [Revised: 11/22/2007] [Accepted: 12/14/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lo Prete AC, Maria DA, Rodrigues DG, Valduga CJ, Ibañez OCM, Maranhão RC. Evaluation in melanoma-bearing mice of an etoposide derivative associated to a cholesterol-rich nano-emulsion. J Pharm Pharmacol 2006; 58:801-8. [PMID: 16734981 DOI: 10.1211/jpp.58.6.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
A cholesterol-rich nano-emulsion (LDE) may be used as a vehicle to target antineoplastic drugs against cancer cells. The association of an etoposide derivative to LDE is stable and retains the cytotoxic activity of etoposide. We have evaluated the toxicity and antitumoral action of this new preparation in-vivo. Melanoma-bearing mice and control mice were administered LDE-etoposide oleate or commercial etoposide, either with or without radioactive labelling. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD), tissue distribution, plasma decay curves, pharmacokinetic parameters and antitumoral activity were determined. Association to LDE drastically reduced the drug toxicity, since MTD was approximately five-fold greater than in commercial etoposide. LDE-etoposide oleate was concentrated four-fold in the tumour compared with the normal adjacent tissues, was removed faster from plasma in tumour-bearing mice than in controls, and remained in the bloodstream longer than commercial etoposide. The tumour growth inhibition rate and survival were greater in animals treated with LDE-etoposide oleate compared with commercial etoposide. However, increasing the dose from 17 to 85 microM kg(-1) did not result in further improvement of the antitumour action. The incorporation of etoposide oleate to LDE resulted in markedly reduced toxicity and superior antitumoral activity. LDE-etoposide oleate is a promising new weapon for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Lo Prete
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Pinheiro KV, Hungria VTM, Ficker ES, Valduga CJ, Mesquita CH, Maranhão RC. Plasma kinetics of a cholesterol-rich microemulsion (LDE) in patients with Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and a preliminary study on the toxicity of etoposide associated with LDE. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2005; 57:624-30. [PMID: 16133527 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-005-0090-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2005] [Accepted: 07/27/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoplastic diseases are often associated with low plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and diminished LDL clearance due to upregulation in cancer cells of the receptors that internalize the lipoprotein. Thus, it is possible to use LDL or cholesterol-rich microemulsions (LDE) that bind to LDL receptors as carriers of antineoplastic agents to concentrate those drugs into cancer tissues. Our aim was to determine whether LDL cholesterol concentration plus LDE increased clearance occur in lymphomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS The LDE labeled with [(3) H]-cholesteryl oleate was injected into four Hodgkin's and 12 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients and into 16 healthy control subjects and the LDE plasma residence time (RT) was determined from sequential plasma samples. Two volunteers with relapsed/refractory lymphoma were treated with 300 mg/m(2) body surface etoposide associated with LDE in six cycles at 3-week intervals. RESULTS The LDL cholesterol was lower in lymphoma patients than in controls (94+/-52 and 115+/-16 mg/dL, p=0.0362, respectively). The LDE RT was 49% smaller in lymphoma patients than in controls (RT=21.9 and 45.7 h; p=0.0134), with positive correlation between RT and LDL cholesterol. LDE-etoposide showed no considerable toxicity in all cycles in the two treated patients and the disease remained stable during the treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that lymphomas overexpress LDL receptors that make room for using LDE as drug-targeting vehicle and that the LDE-etoposide preparation is suitable for patient use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketlin V Pinheiro
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44,1, subsolo, 05403-000, São Paulo, Brazil
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Azevedo CHM, Carvalho JP, Valduga CJ, Maranhão RC. Plasma kinetics and uptake by the tumor of a cholesterol-rich microemulsion (LDE) associated to etoposide oleate in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2005; 97:178-82. [PMID: 15790455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2004.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previously, we reported that etoposide oleate associated to a cholesterol-rich microemulsion (LDE) is taken up by malignant cells overexpressing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors. The association is stable, preserves antiproliferative activity of the drug, and reduces toxicity to animals. Here, we determined in patients the plasma kinetics of LDE-etoposide oleate and verified whether the complex concentrates in ovarian carcinomas. METHODS [(3)H]-etoposide oleate associated to LDE labeled with [(14)C]-cholesteryl oleate was intravenously injected into four ovarian carcinoma patients (50 +/- 8.7 years) 24 h before surgery. Blood samples were collected over a 24-h period to determine the radioactivity plasma decay curves, and the plasma fractional clearance rate (FCR) was calculated by compartmental analysis. Specimens of tumors and normal ovaries excised during the surgery were collected for lipid extraction and radioactive counting. RESULTS FCRs of LDE label and of the drug were similar (0.0985 and 0.1722, respectively, P = 0.2422). [(14)C]-LDE uptake was 4.9 times and [(3)H]-etoposide oleate uptake was 4.1 times greater in the ovarian tumors than in the contralateral normal ovaries (LDE uptake, in cpm/g = 560 +/- 171 and 146 +/- 59; etoposide oleate uptake = 346 +/- 75 and 103 +/- 56, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Most of the drug is retained in the microemulsion particles until its removal from the circulation and internalization by the cells. In addition, LDE-etoposide oleate has the ability to concentrate in malignant ovarian tissues. Therefore, the complex may be used to direct and concentrate etoposide oleate in ovarian carcinomas.
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Rodrigues DG, Maria DA, Fernandes DC, Valduga CJ, Couto RD, Ibañez OCM, Maranhão RC. Improvement of paclitaxel therapeutic index by derivatization and association to a cholesterol-rich microemulsion: in vitro and in vivo studies. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2005; 55:565-76. [PMID: 15726368 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-004-0930-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2004] [Accepted: 09/27/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A cholesterol-rich microemulsion or nanoparticle termed LDE concentrates in cancer tissues after injection into the bloodstream. Here the cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetics, toxicity to animals and therapeutic action of a paclitaxel lipophilic derivative associated to LDE is compared with those of the commercial paclitaxel. Results show that LDE-paclitaxel oleate is stable. The cytostatic activity of the drug in the complex is diminished compared with the commercial paclitaxel due to the cytotoxicity of the vehicle Cremophor EL used in the commercial formulation. Competition experiments in neoplastic cultured cells show that paclitaxel oleate and LDE are internalized together by the LDL receptor pathway. LDE-paclitaxel oleate arrests the G(2)/M phase of cell cycle, similarly to commercial paclitaxel. Tolerability to mice is remarkable, such that the lethal dose (LD(50)) was ninefold greater than that of the commercial formulation (LD(50) = 326 microM and 37 microM, respectively). LDE concentrates paclitaxel oleate in the tumor roughly fourfold relative to the normal adjacent tissues. At equimolar doses, the association of paclitaxel oleate with LDE results in remarkable changes in the drug pharmacokinetic parameters when compared to commercial paclitaxel (t(1/2)=218 min and 184 min, AUC=1,334 microg h/ml and 707 microg h/ml and CL=0.125 ml/min and 0.236 ml/min, respectively). Finally, the therapeutic efficacy of the complex is pronouncedly greater than that of the commercial paclitaxel, as indicated by the reduction in tumor growth, increase in survival rates and % cure of treated mice. In conclusion, LDE-paclitaxel oleate is a stable complex and compared with paclitaxel toxicity is considerably reduced and activity is enhanced, which may lead to improved therapeutic index in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora G Rodrigues
- Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School Hospital, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, 1 subsolo, 05403-000 Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Valduga CJ, Stefani HA, Petragnani N. Iodo cyclofunctionalization of 2,4-dialkenyl-1,3-dicarbonyl compounds: Synthesis of substituted 3-(2-furylidene)-2-furanones. J Heterocycl Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570390406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Valduga CJ, Santis DB, Braibante HS, Braibante MEF. Reactivity ofp-phenyl substituted β-Enamino compounds using K-10/ultrasound.II. Synthesis of isoxazoles and 5-Isoxazolones. J Heterocycl Chem 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570360229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Valduga CJ, Braibante HS, Braibante MEF. Reactivity ofp-phenyl substituted β-enamino compounds using k-10/ultrasound. I. synthesis of pyrazoles and pyrazolinones. J Heterocycl Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570350136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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