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Podda M, Ceresoli M, Di Martino M, Ortenzi M, Pellino G, Pata F, Ielpo B, Murzi V, Balla A, Lepiane P, Tamini N, De Carlo G, Davolio A, Di Saverio S, Cardinali L, Botteri E, Vettoretto N, Gelera PP, De Simone B, Grasso A, Clementi M, Meloni D, Poillucci G, Favi F, Rizzo R, Montori G, Procida G, Recchia I, Agresta F, Virdis F, Cioffi SPB, Pellegrini M, Sartelli M, Coccolini F, Catena F, Pisanu A. Towards a tailored approach for patients with acute diverticulitis and abscess formation. The DivAbsc2023 multicentre case-control study. Surg Endosc 2024:10.1007/s00464-024-10793-z. [PMID: 38632117 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-024-10793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This multicentre case-control study aimed to identify risk factors associated with non-operative treatment failure for patients with CT scan Hinchey Ib-IIb and WSES Ib-IIa diverticular abscesses. METHODS This study included a cohort of adult patients experiencing their first episode of CT-diagnosed diverticular abscess, all of whom underwent initial non-operative treatment comprising either antibiotics alone or in combination with percutaneous drainage. The cohort was stratified based on the outcome of non-operative treatment, specifically identifying those who required emergency surgical intervention as cases of treatment failure. Multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors associated with the failure of non-operative treatment was employed. RESULTS Failure of conservative treatment occurred for 116 patients (27.04%). CT scan Hinchey classification IIb (aOR 2.54, 95%CI 1.61;4.01, P < 0.01), tobacco smoking (aOR 2.01, 95%CI 1.24;3.25, P < 0.01), and presence of air bubbles inside the abscess (aOR 1.59, 95%CI 1.00;2.52, P = 0.04) were independent predictors of failure. In the subgroup of patients with abscesses > 5 cm, percutaneous drainage was not associated with the risk of failure or success of the non-operative treatment (aOR 2.78, 95%CI - 0.66;3.70, P = 0.23). CONCLUSIONS Non-operative treatment is generally effective for diverticular abscesses. Tobacco smoking's role as an independent risk factor for treatment failure underscores the need for targeted behavioural interventions in diverticular disease management. IIb Hinchey diverticulitis patients, particularly young smokers, require vigilant monitoring due to increased risks of treatment failure and septic progression. Further research into the efficacy of image-guided percutaneous drainage should involve randomized, multicentre studies focussing on homogeneous patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Podda
- Emergency Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, Policlinico Universitario "D. Casula", Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Cagliari, SS 554, Km 4,500, 09042, Monserrato, Italy.
| | - Marco Ceresoli
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Monza, Italy
| | - Marcello Di Martino
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Monica Ortenzi
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianluca Pellino
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona UAB, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, Universitá degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Pata
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Benedetto Ielpo
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Unit, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valentina Murzi
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Balla
- Coloproctology and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hospital "San Paolo", Civitavecchia, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Lepiane
- General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hospital "San Paolo", Civitavecchia, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicolo' Tamini
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Monza, Italy
| | - Giulia De Carlo
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Monza, Italy
| | - Alessia Davolio
- General and Emergency Surgery Department, School of Medicine and Surgery, Milano-Bicocca University, Monza, Italy
| | - Salomone Di Saverio
- Department of Surgery, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital, San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | - Luca Cardinali
- Department of Surgery, Madonna del Soccorso Hospital, San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy
| | - Emanuele Botteri
- General Surgery Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nereo Vettoretto
- General Surgery Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Gelera
- General Surgery Unit, ASST Spedali Civili, Montichiari, Brescia, Italy
| | - Belinda De Simone
- Department of General and Metabolic Surgery, Poissy and Saint-Germain-en-Laye Hospitals, Poissy, France
| | - Antonella Grasso
- General Surgery Unit, San Salvatore Hospital, Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marco Clementi
- General Surgery Unit, San Salvatore Hospital, Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Danilo Meloni
- General Surgery Unit, San Salvatore Hospital, Department of Biotechnology and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Gaetano Poillucci
- Department of General, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, S. Matteo Degli Infermi Hospital, Spoleto, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesco Favi
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- Department of General and Emergency Surgery, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy
| | - Giulia Montori
- Department of General Surgery, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Vittorio Veneto, Treviso, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Procida
- Department of General Surgery, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Vittorio Veneto, Treviso, Italy
| | - Irene Recchia
- Department of General Surgery, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Vittorio Veneto, Treviso, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Agresta
- Department of General Surgery, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Vittorio Veneto, Treviso, Italy
| | - Francesco Virdis
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery Unit, "Niguarda Ca Granda" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Martina Pellegrini
- Trauma and Acute Care Surgery Unit, "Niguarda Ca Granda" Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Federico Coccolini
- General, Emergency, and Trauma Surgery Unit, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fausto Catena
- Department of General Surgery, ULSS2 Marca Trevigiana, Vittorio Veneto, Treviso, Italy
| | - Adolfo Pisanu
- Department of Surgical Science, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Avolio R, Andreoli T, Ercolini C, Mignone W, Beltrame R, Razzuoli E, Modesto P, Zoppi S, Crescio MI, Ostorero F, Gili M, Abete MC, Meloni D, Dellepiane M. Retrospective data analysis of animal poisoning events in Liguria. Vet Anim Sci 2021; 13:100178. [PMID: 34151043 PMCID: PMC8188559 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2021.100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Confirmed animal poisoning cases were 215/497 (43.2%) from 2009 to 2018. Anticoagulant rodenticides (79.2%) were the main cause of animal poisoning. The most affected areas are located along the coast. Dogs and cats were 40.0% of confirmed animal poisoning.
Intentional poisoning represents a serious risk to domestic and wild animals, and it can be an environmental and human health issue as well . This paper is a retrospective study, which covers a decade, based on animal poisoning cases and poisoned baits that were submitted for diagnostic examinations to the Veterinary Medical Research Institute for Piedmont, Liguria and the Aosta Valley (IZS-PLVA) in Liguria region. All data were collected through a passive surveillance system introduced in Italy by a decree of the Ministry of Health in January 2009. 43.2% of the animal poisoning cases were confirmed by toxicological analysis, whereas toxic agents were detected in 31.1% of the baits. The most affected animal species were dogs and cats, followed by synanthropic birds,. Only 4% of the total poisoning events analysed involved wild animals and cases of livestock poisoning were minimal. An increased number of cases in January, March, April and August was noticed, but no seasonal trend was detected. The most affected areas were the ones with the highest level of urbanization and population density. The major cause of the poisonings and the most common substances detected in the examined baits were anticoagulants whereas cholinesterase inhibitors, organochlorine pesticides and carbamates were detected in a minor number of cases. This study raises concerns about deliberate animal poisoning in ligurian region and highlights the necessity to fight this phenomenon as it endangers animals, humans and environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Avolio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - T Andreoli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - C Ercolini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - W Mignone
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - R Beltrame
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - E Razzuoli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - P Modesto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - S Zoppi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - M I Crescio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - F Ostorero
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - M Gili
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - M C Abete
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - D Meloni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
| | - M Dellepiane
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, via Bologna 148, Turin, 10154, Italy
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Romano L, Giuliani A, Di Furia M, Meloni D, Cianca G, Mattei A, Fiasca F, Tonelli E, Carlei F, Schietroma M. Drain Amylase Levels in the Early Diagnosis of Gastric Leak after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy. Med Princ Pract 2021; 30:487-492. [PMID: 34348292 PMCID: PMC8562055 DOI: 10.1159/000517949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is gaining popularity as a bariatric option. Gastric leak is the most dreaded septic complication after this procedure. This study investigated levels of drain amylase that could be useful for predicting gastric leak before its clinical presentation. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This prospective observational study was carried out in 167 patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity between February 2014 and March 2020. Measurement of drain amylase levels (DALs) was adapted as a routine procedure. The results of the receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed an optimal drain amylase levels cutoff point of 814.18 IU/L. Consequently, the DALs were classified as DALs <814.18 or DALs ≥814.18 for all subsequent analyses. RESULTS Gastric leak occurred in 6 patients. Drain amylase levels of 167 patients were tested. The mean value for patients without leak was 71.13 ± 72.11 IU/L; for patients with leak, it was 4,687 ± 6,670 IU/L (p < 0.001). Using ROC curve analysis, the mean ± standard error of the area under the curve for DALs on postoperative day 1 was 0.9927 ± 0.0075, CI = 0.978-1.00, and a cutoff level at 814.18 IU/L for predicting gastric leak achieved 83.33% sensitivity and 100% specificity with positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value 99.38%. All patients with a leak, but one, had a drain amylase level >814.18 IU/L. CONCLUSION The determination of drain amylase levels after sleeve gastrectomy is a significant indicator of gastric leak with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Romano
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
- *Lucia Romano,
| | - Antonio Giuliani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Marino Di Furia
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Danilo Meloni
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cianca
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Antonella Mattei
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Fabiana Fiasca
- Department of Life, Health & Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Emilio Tonelli
- U.O.C. di Emergenza e d'Urgenza, S. Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Francesco Carlei
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Mario Schietroma
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, Department of General Surgery, University of L'Aquila, San Salvatore Hospital, L'Aquila, Italy
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Atzori L, Cutrufello M, Meloni D, Cannas C, Gazzoli D, Monaci R, Sini M, Rombi E. Highly active NiO-CeO2 catalysts for synthetic natural gas production by CO2 methanation. Catal Today 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2017.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Botta M, Bozzetta E, Pitardi D, Brouwer A, Behnisch P, Loprevite D, Cavarretta M, Olivo F, Meloni D. Screening the hormonal activity of endocrine disruptors chemicals in food contact materials with Reporter Gene Assays: A first screening step. Toxicol Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Varello K, Prearo M, Serracca L, Meloni D, Rossini I, Righetti M, Pezzolato M, Fioravanti ML, Ercolini C, Bozzetta E. Granulomatous lesions in a wild mullet population from the eastern Ligurian Sea (Italy): mycobacteriosis vs. pseudotuberculosis. J Fish Dis 2014; 37:553-558. [PMID: 23944162 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium spp. and Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida are recognized as the most frequent causative agents of granulomatous lesions in fish. Although frequent episodes of mycobacterial infections have been reported in wild fish worldwide, only sporadic cases have been documented to date in Italy. To investigate for the presence of lesions referable to mycobacteriosis and to identify the mycobacterial species involved, a total of 159 wild mullets were fished from the eastern coast of the Ligurian Sea, killed and necropsied. Liver and spleen samples were collected from all fish for histopathological and microbiological analyses. Molecular investigations for identification of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida were performed. Gross examination revealed granulomatous lesions in one animal; microscopically, 42.14% of fish displayed granulomas with various histological features, 19.50% resulted positive at Ziehl-Neelsen staining, and were confirmed as mycobacterial lesions by culture. The identified colonies were characterized as M. fortuitum, M. abscessus, M. flavescens, M. chelonae, M. septicum and M. nonchromogenicum. In all, 35% of animals resulted positive for Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida. These data suggest widespread mycobacterial infection also by Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida infections in wild fish. Moreover, the pathogenicity of some mycobacterial species, previously considered as saprophytic, was demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Varello
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Turin, Italy
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Mazzette R, Busia G, Mureddu A, Mazza R, Consolati S, Meloni D. CHARACTERIZATION OF PATHOGENIC E. COLI ISOLATED IN SHEEP AT SLAUGHTERHOUSE. Ital J Food Saf 2012. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2012.4.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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di Sarra A, Di Biagio C, Meloni D, Monteleone F, Pace G, Pugnaghi S, Sferlazzo D. Shortwave and longwave radiative effects of the intense Saharan dust event of 25-26 March 2010 at Lampedusa (Mediterranean Sea). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Piras F, Lamon S, Casti D, Meloni D, Coppa G, Mazzette R. SHELF-LIFE OF HALAL FRESH SLICED BEEF AND MINCED MEAT. Ital J Food Saf 2011. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2011.2.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Melillo R, Meloni D, Sechi P, Coppa G, Busia G, Mazza R, Mazzette R. SUSTAINABILITY OF BIODIVERSITY BY VALORIZATION OF SARDA BREED GOAT DRY HAMS. Ital J Food Saf 2011. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2011.1s.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Mazzette R, Busia G, Mureddu A, Fois G, Marrosu R, Cadeddu F, Sedda G, Flumini S, Uras A, Melillo R, Meloni D. FOOD SAFETY AND PROCESS HYGIENE CRITERIONS ON SHEEP CARCASSES. Ital J Food Saf 2011. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2011.1s.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Mazzette R, Colleo M, Riu G, Piras G, Piras F, Addis M, Pes M, Pirisi A, Meloni D, Mureddu A, Spada S, Fiori M, Coinu M, Lentini A. PRODUCTION UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS OF “CASU MARZU” CHEESE: EFFECT OF THE Piophila Casei COLONIZATION ON MICROBIAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE CHEESES. Ital J Food Saf 2010. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2010.7.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Meloni D, Mureddu A, Piras F, Melillo R, Busia G, Mazzette R. SHORT FOOD SUPPLY CHAIN IN SARDINIA: FORMS OF COOPERATION BETWEEN PRIMARY PRODUCERS AND FINAL CONSUMERS. Ital J Food Saf 2009. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2009.6.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Di Iorio T, di Sarra A, Sferlazzo DM, Cacciani M, Meloni D, Monteleone F, Fuà D, Fiocco G. Seasonal evolution of the tropospheric aerosol vertical profile in the central Mediterranean and role of desert dust. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1029/2008jd010593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Mazzette R, Piras F, Melillo R, Meloni D, Busia G, Cosseddu A. SALMONELLA SPP. IN SEVERAL TISSUES AND PIG CARCASSES AND IN SLAUGHTERHOUSES: PRELIMINARY RESULTS. Ital J Food Saf 2008. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2008.2.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Meloni D, Mureddu A, Pisanu M, Serra S, Piras A, Virgilio S, Mazzette R. EFFICACY OF DEPURATION ON SAFETY OF MEDITERRANEAN MUSSELS (Mytilus galloprovincialis) REARED IN THE OLBIA GULF. Ital J Food Saf 2008. [DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2008.1.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Mazzette R, Meloni D, De Santis EPL, Santercole V, Scarano C, Cosseddu AM. Characterization of Sarda sheep carcasses used in the processing of meat products. Vet Res Commun 2005; 29 Suppl 2:335-8. [PMID: 16244988 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-005-0075-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Mazzette
- Animal Biology Department, Section of Inspection of Food of Animal Origin, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari., Via Vienna 2, 07100, Sassari, Sardinia, Italy.
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Meloni D. Comparison of ground-based and Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer erythemal UV doses at the island of Lampedusa in the period 1998–2003: Role of tropospheric aerosols. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1029/2004jd005283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Illana JI, Masip M, Meloni D. Cosmogenic neutrinos and signals of TeV gravity in air showers and neutrino telescopes. Phys Rev Lett 2004; 93:151102. [PMID: 15524863 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.151102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2004] [Revised: 05/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The existence of extra dimensions allows the possibility that the fundamental scale of gravity is at the TeV. If that is the case, gravity could dominate the interactions of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays. In particular, the production of microscopic black holes by cosmogenic neutrinos has been estimated in a number of papers. We consider here gravity-mediated interactions at larger distances, where they can be calculated in the eikonal approximation. We show that for the expected flux of cosmogenic neutrinos these elastic processes give a stronger signal than black hole production in neutrino telescopes. Taking the bounds on the higher-dimensional Planck mass M(D) (D=4 + n) from current air shower experiments, for n=2(6) elastic collisions could produce up to 118 (34) events per year at IceCube. On the other hand, the absence of any signal would imply a bound of M(D) > or approximately 5 TeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Illana
- CAFPE and Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Meloni D. Direct radiative forcing of Saharan dust in the Mediterranean from measurements at Lampedusa Island and MISR space-borne observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Abstract
Since 1992 solar ultraviolet (UV) spectral irradiance (290-325 nm) has been measured at two Italian stations of Rome (urban site) and Ispra (semirural site) using Brewer spectrophotometry. The data collected under all sky conditions, are compared with the output of a sophisticated radiative transfer model (System for Transfer of Atmospheric Radiation--STAR model). The STAR multiple scattering scheme is able to cope with all physical processes relevant to the UV transfer through the atmosphere. The experience so far acquired indicates that, in spite of the unavoidable uncertainties in the input parameters (ozone, aerosol, surface albedo, pressure, temperature, relative humidity, cloud cover), measured and computed clear sky iradiances are in reasonable agreement. The STAR model is applied to build up the solar UV geographic patterns in Italy: the daily dose in the range 290-325 nm is computed at about 70 sites where a thorough and homogeneous climatology is available. For each month the concept of an idealized "standard day" is introduced and the surface distribution of solar UV field determined. The map of solar UV patterns for Italy, available for the first time, meets the study requirements in the field of skin and eye epidemiology, as well as in other investigations dealing with the impact of UV on the biosphere. The results are interpreted in terms of atmospheric and meteorological parameters modulating UV radiation reaching the ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Meloni
- Department of Physics, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
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Casale GR, Meloni D, Miano S, Palmieri S, Siani AM, Cappellani F. Solar UV-B irradiance and total ozone in Italy: Fluctuations and trends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Dworkin SI, Gleeson S, Meloni D, Koves TR, Martin TJ. Effects of ibogaine on responding maintained by food, cocaine and heroin reinforcement in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 1995; 117:257-61. [PMID: 7770600 DOI: 10.1007/bf02246099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ibogaine (40 and 80 mg/kg, i.p.), an indole alkaloid proposed for the treatment of drug abuse, were determined in three different groups of rats responding under an FR10 schedule of food, cocaine or heroin reinforcement. Ibogaine (80 mg/kg, i.p.) given 60 min before the start of the session resulted in a 97% decrease in the number of ratios completed under the food reinforcement schedule and resulted in a decrease in responding the following day. Neither 40 mg/kg ibogaine given 60 min prior to the session nor 80 mg/kg given 24 h before the session suppressed responding maintained by cocaine infusions (0.33 mg/infusion). Pretreatment with 80 mg/kg ibogaine either 60 or 90 min prior to the session suppressed cocaine self-administration on the day it was administered and the longer pretreatment continued to suppress responding for 48 h. Responding maintained by heroin (18 micrograms/infusion) was the most sensitive to the effects of ibogaine. Both 40 and 80 mg/kg ibogaine resulted in an almost complete suppression of responding following a 60-min pretreatment period. Responding maintained by heroin returned to control levels the day following the administration of ibogaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- S I Dworkin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1083, USA
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De Witt P, Deias R, Muck S, Galletti B, Meloni D, Celletti P, Marzo A. High-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis of L- and D-carnitine by precolumn diastereomeric derivatization. J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl 1994; 657:67-73. [PMID: 7952085 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(94)80071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A new method for the simultaneous assay of D- and L-enantiomers of carnitine is described. The method is based on precolumn derivatization with (+)-1-(9-fluorenyl)ethyl chloroformate [(+)FLEC] producing a diastereomeric derivative which can be detected both by UV absorbance and fluorescence detection. Also acyl esters of carnitine can be processed with this method, after alkaline hydrolysis. The D-enantiomer of carnitine and acylcarnitine can be detected at a concentration as low as 0.2% in the raw material and in pharmaceuticals. Assays can be carried out using an autoinjector either by HPLC or capillary electrophoresis (CE) because the derivative proved to be very stable. Its application is proposed for the routine assay of the enantiomeric excess of L-carnitine and their acyl esters in pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- P De Witt
- Department of Chemical Research, Sigma-Tau S.p.A., Pomezia, Rome, Italy
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Abstract
alpha-Methyl-para-tyrosine, co-administered with imipramine to rats at a dose that only partially inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase, has been found to prevent completely the decrease of dopamine D1 receptor function. The present report shows that, in the same experimental conditions, alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine significantly antagonized the capacity of imipramine to prevent the development of learned helplessness behavior in rats. This suggests that a catecholaminergic mechanism is crucial in determining the effect of imipramine on the development of learned helplessness behavior. alpha-Methyl-para-tyrosine co-administration also prevented imipramine-induced down-regulation of beta-adrenoceptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G De Montis
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Siena, Italy
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Meloni D, Gambarana C, De Montis MG, Dal Prá P, Taddei I, Tagliamonte A. Dizocilpine antagonizes the effect of chronic imipramine on learned helplessness in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1993; 46:423-6. [PMID: 7903459 DOI: 10.1016/0091-3057(93)90374-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Dizocilpine coadministered with imipramine (IMI) through an SC-implanted osmotic minipump completely prevents the occurrence of behavioral supersensitivity to quinpirole, as well as the decrease of dopamine D1 and beta-adrenergic receptor function. The present report shows that, in the same experimental conditions, dizocilpine completely antagonized the capacity of IMI to prevent the development of the learned helplessness behavior in rats. Thus suggesting that the blockade of NMDA receptors also antagonizes the antidepressant effect of IMI. Interestingly, rats acutely treated with dizocilpine 30 min before the inescapable shock session behaved similarly to naive animals during the escape test session.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Meloni
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Siena, Italy
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De Montis MG, Gambarana C, Gessa GL, Meloni D, Tagliamonte A, Stefanini E. Reduced [3H]SCH 23390 binding and DA-sensitive adenylyl cyclase in the limbic system of ethanol-preferring rats. Alcohol Alcohol 1993; 28:397-400. [PMID: 8397521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) D1 receptors and the response of adenylyl cyclase (AC) to dopamine stimulation were studied in the limbic areas and the caudate-putamen of Sardinian ethanol-preferring (SP), Sardinian ethanol-non-preferring (SNP) and Wistar unselected (UW) rats. SP rats exhibited a significantly lower number of D1 receptors, measured using [3H]SCH 23390 binding, and a decreased response to DA stimulation than SNP and UW animals. Since SP rats have also a lower number of D2 receptors, the results suggest that an altered dopaminergic transmission may underlie their innate alcohol preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G De Montis
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Siena, Italy
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Abstract
Long-term exposure to different antidepressant treatments induces increased motor response to central stimulants, due to a selective supersensitivity of dopamine D2 receptors in the limbic areas. Such an effect is accompanied by down-regulation of dopamine D1 receptor number, and by a decreased response of adenylyl cyclase to dopamine stimulation in the limbic system. Moreover, the number of beta-adrenergic receptors and the response of adenylyl cyclase to beta-adrenergic stimulation in the cortex result to be reduced. The present data confirms that imipramine (10 mg/kg twice a day for 3 weeks) produces such effects, and shows that the co-administration of imipramine with MK-801 (administered by a subcutaneously implanted osmotic minipump delivering 0.05 mg/kg/day of the compound) prevented the occurrence of both the behavioral supersensitivity to quinpirole, and the decrease of dopamine D1 and beta-adrenergic receptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G De Montis
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Siena, Italy
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Abstract
The efficacy of methadone maintenance treatment was evaluated on 93 patients after 10 years of therapy. On the basis of therapeutic compliance, patients were divided into three groups: (a) 40 Total-Agreement subjects on weekly take-home methadone; (b) 28 Partial-Agreement subjects, who regularly attended the clinic daily but presented episodic positive urinalysis; (c) 25 No-Agreement patients, who were absent from the clinic more than twice a month and had a high rate of urinalysis positive for morphine. Statistical analysis, based on social adjustment improvement and criminality rate decrease, divided the 93 patients into 2 distinct categories. The first category, characterized by high social adjustment and low criminality score, included the Total- and Partial-agreement groups. The second, characterized by significantly lower social adjustment and higher criminality score, included all No-Agreement patients. This suggests that methadone treatment was able to dissociate heroin use from low social functioning. It was concluded that, in a condition of adequate compliance the episodic use of heroin is of no harm to patients on methadone maintenance therapy, that is, methadone maintenance treatment permits a controlled use of heroin.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bianchi
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Siena, Italy
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Abstract
Male rats were treated with cocaine by utilizing two different experimental paradigms. One group of animals received a low dose (10 mg/kg, IP) of cocaine for 7 days. A second group received 40 mg/kg IP of cocaine for 3 days. In both experimental groups, half the animals were concomitantly treated with 0.25 mg/kg IP (+)-5methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo-[a,d]-cyclohepten-5,10- imine maleate (MK-801), a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Rats treated with the low dose of cocaine after 7 days developed tolerance to the stimulation of locomotor activity induced by cocaine and by the dopamine D2 agonist quinpirole. Rats treated with 40 mg/kg of cocaine showed a marked behavioral sensitization. Both these effects, tolerance and sensitization, were prevented by coadministration of MK-801, thus suggesting these two phenomena are different aspects of a common neuronal response in which NMDA transmission plays a crucial role.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G De Montis
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Siena, Italy
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De Montis GM, Devoto P, Gessa GL, Meloni D, Porcella A, Saba P, Serra G, Tagliamonte A. Central dopaminergic transmission is selectively increased in the limbic system of rats chronically exposed to antidepressants. Eur J Pharmacol 1990; 180:31-5. [PMID: 2163864 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(90)90589-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Repeated electroconvulsive shock (ECS) exposure produced a decrease of [3H]SCH 23390 binding sites and a reduced response of adenylate cyclase activity to dopamine D-1 receptor stimulation in the rat limbic area analogous to that previously observed in rats chronically treated with imipramine. These effects were completely prevented by the repeated administration of a small dose of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (alpha-MPT), associated with the tricyclic compound. Increased dopaminergic transmission seems to be involved in the mechanism of antidepressant action. Rats chronically treated with imipramine showed a decrease of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) concentration restricted to the limbic area. Finally, both imipramine and desipramine blocked the uptake of [3H]dopamine in the limbic system with a 100-fold greater potency than that observed in the basal ganglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M De Montis
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biochemical Pathology, University of Cagliari, Italy
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De Montis GM, Devoto P, Meloni D, Porcella A, Saba P, Tagliamonte A. Resistance to extrapyramidal effects of opiates in rats chronically treated with SCH 23390. J Neurosci Res 1989; 24:286-92. [PMID: 2531233 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.490240221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Rats made tolerant to morphine show neither a change in brain opiate receptor number nor altered sensitivity to the inhibitory effect of opiates on striatal adenylate cyclase (AC) activity. Interestingly, SCH 23390, a selective blocker of D1 dopamine (DA) receptors which, given chronically to rats, induces a 32% increase in D1 receptor number and increases the Vmax of D1-stimulated striatal AC, resulted in marked resistance to acute morphine effects. In particular, rats chronically treated with SCH 23390 failed to show muscular rigidity and increased striatal dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) concentration after morphine. Moreover, basal striatal AC activity in these animals had a significantly reduced sensitivity to opiate inhibition. On the other hand, decreased AC sensitivity to acetylcholine (ACh) inhibition observed in the striatum of rats chronically treated with DFP, an irreversible blocker of acetylcholinesterase, appeared to be secondary to the downregulation of muscarinic receptors and thus did not modify the opiate inhibitory capacity. It was concluded that although a potentiation of striatal AC impairs opiate action, such mechanism is not involved in morphine tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M De Montis
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biochemical Pathology, University of Cagliari, Italy
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De Montis GM, Devoto P, Gessa GL, Meloni D, Porcella A, Saba P, Serra G, Tagliamonte A. Chronic imipramine reduces [3H]SCH 23390 binding and DA-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the limbic system. Eur J Pharmacol 1989; 167:299-303. [PMID: 2687009 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(89)90592-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
[3H]SCH 23390 binding and dopamine (DA)-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity were measured in brain membrane preparations from rats chronically treated with imipramine (10 mg/kg twice daily for 14 days). [3H]SCH 23390 binding sites were decreased by 27% in the limbic system but only 14% in the striatum. The responsiveness of adenylate cyclase to DA was reduced by 38% in the limbic system but was not modified in the striatum. Concomitant treatment with alpha-methyltyrosine (alpha-MPT) (50 mg/kg daily for 14 days) prevented the imipramine-induced reduction in both [3H]SCH 23390 binding sites and the responsiveness of adenylate cyclase to DA.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M De Montis
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biochemical Pathology, University of Cagliari, Italy
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De Montis MG, Devoto P, Saba P, Porcella A, Meloni D, Tagliamonte A. Chronic SCH 23390 produces tolerance to morphine extrapyramidal effects. Pharmacol Res Commun 1988; 20:1115-6. [PMID: 2850585 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-6989(88)80753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M G De Montis
- Institute of Pharmacology and Biochemical Pathology, University of Cagliari, Italy
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