[Correlation between insulin resistance and coronary collateral circulation in patients with chronic total coronary occlusion]

OBJECTIVE

To explore the impact of diabetes on collateral circulation (CC) development in patients with chronic total coronary occlusion (CTO) and the underlying regulatory mechanism.

METHODS

This study was conducted among 87 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), who had CTO in at least one vessel as confirmed by coronary angiography. Among them 42 patients were found to have a low CC level (Cohen-Rentrop grades 0-1) and 45 had a high CC level (grades 2-3). In the 39 patients with comorbid diabetes mellitus and 48 non-diabetic patients, insulin resistance (IR) levels were compared between the subgroups with different CC levels. The steady-state mode evaluation method was employed for calculating the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) using a mathematical model. During the interventional procedures, collateral and peripheral blood samples were collected from 22 patients for comparison of the metabolites using non-targeted metabolomics analysis.

RESULTS

NT-proBNP levels and LVEF differed significantly between the patients with different CC levels (P<0.05). In non-diabetic patients, HOMA-IR was higher in low CC level group than in high CC level groups. Compared with the non-diabetic patients, the diabetic patients showed 63 upregulated and 48 downregulated metabolites in the collateral blood and 23 upregulated and 14 downregulated metabolites in the peripheral blood. The differential metabolites in the collateral blood were involved in aromatic compound degradation, fatty acid biosynthesis, and steroid degradation pathways; those in the peripheral blood were related with pentose phosphate metabolism, bacterial chemotaxis, hexanoyl-CoA degradation, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and lysine degradation pathways.

CONCLUSION

The non-diabetic patients with a low level of CC had significant insulin resistance. The degradation pathways of aromatic compounds, fatty acid biosynthesis, and steroid degradation are closely correlated with the development of CC.

Na4Sn4(C2O4)3F6 and NaSnC2O4F·H2O: two tin(II) fluoride oxalates display large birefringence

Birefringent materials play an important role in laser techniques as an essential part of optical devices. Therefore, the exploration of high-performance birefringent materials has been a central focus of researchers. Herein, two tin(II) fluoride oxalates Na4Sn4(C2O4)3F6 and NaSnC2O4F·H2O were gained by the combination of birefringence-active groups of Sn2+ with stereochemically active lone pairs and planar π-conjugated [C2O4]2- groups. These groups assemble into low-dimensional structures of 0D [C2O4F4]6- clusters and 1D [SnC2O4F]∞- chains in Na4Sn4(C2O4)3F6, and double [Sn2(C2O4)2F2]∞2- chains in NaSnC2O4F·H2O, which gives rise to the large birefringence of 0.160@546 nm and 0.189@546 nm, respectively. Detailed structure-property analysis and theoretical calculations indicate that strong optical anisotropy can be induced by the rational arrangement of the Sn2+-polyhedra and [C2O4]2- groups.

A2Hgx(SeO3)y (A = K, Rb, Cs): Three Alkali Metal Mercury Selenites Featuring Unique 1D [HgOm(SeO3)n]∞ Chains

Herein, three alkali metal mercury selenites, K2Hg2(SeO3)3, Rb2Hg2(SeO3)3, and Cs2Hg3(SeO3)4, were successfully obtained by a hydrothermal method. The three compounds featured same one-dimensional (1D) [HgOm(SeO3)n]∞ chain structure that consisting of distorted Hg-O polyhedra and SeO3 triangular pyramids with stereochemically active lone pair (SCALP) electrons. Interestingly, the rich coordination environment of Hg atoms and the size difference of alkali metal cations lead to diverse arrangement of SeO3 groups, which makes them exhibit different birefringence. The band gaps of the three compounds indicate that they are potential ultraviolet (UV) optical materials. Detailed theoretical calculations demonstrate that the combined effects of SeO3 triangular pyramids and Hg-O polyhedra are responsible for the optical characteristics of the reported compounds.

A Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe Based on RhB Functionalized Tb-MOFs for the Continuous Visual Detection of Fe3+ and AA

In this study, a red-green dual-emitting fluorescent composite (RhB@MOFs) was constructed by introducing the red-emitting organic fluorescent dye rhodamine B (RhB) into metal-organic frameworks (Tb-MOFs). The sample can be used as a ratiometric fluorescent probe, which not only avoids errors caused by instrument and environmental instability but also has multiple applications in detection. The results indicated that the RhB@MOFs exhibited a turned-off response toward Fe3+ and a turned-on response for the continuous detection of ascorbic acid (AA). This ratiometric fluorescent probe possessed high sensitivity and excellent selectivity in the continuous determination of Fe3+ and AA. It is worth mentioning that remarkable fluorescence change could be clearly observed by the naked eye under a UV lamp, which is more convenient in applications. In addition, the mechanisms of Fe3+- and AA-induced fluorescence quench and recovery are discussed in detail. This ratiometric probe displayed outstanding recognition of heavy metal ions and biomolecules, providing potential applications for water quality monitoring and biomolecule determination.

A Novel Dye-Modified Metal-Organic Framework as a Bifunctional Fluorescent Probe for Visual Sensing for Styrene and Temperature

A novel fluorescent probe (C460@Tb-MOFs) was designed and synthesized by encapsulating the fluorescent dye 7-diethylamino-4-methyl coumarin (C460) into a terbium-based metal-organic framework using a simple ultrasonic impregnation method. It is impressive that this dye-modified metal-organic framework can specifically detect styrene and temperature upon luminescence quenching. The sensing platform of this material exhibits great selectivity, fast response, and good cyclability toward styrene detection. It is worth mentioning that the sensing process undergoes a distinct color change from blue to colorless, providing conditions for the accurate visual detection of styrene liquid and gas. The significant fluorescence quenching mechanism of styrene toward C460@Tb-MOFs is explored in detail. Moreover, the dye-modified metal-organic framework can also achieve temperature sensing from 298 to 498 K with high relative sensitivity at 498 K. The preparation of functionalized MOF composites with fluorescent dyes provides an effective strategy for the construction of sensors for multifunctional applications.

Novel Mn4+-Activated K2Nb1-xMoxF7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15) Solid Solution Red Phosphors with Superior Moisture Resistance and Good Thermal Stability

Nowadays, Mn⁴⁺-activated fluoride red phosphors with excellent luminescence properties have triggered tremendous attentions for enhancing the performance of white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). Nonetheless, the poor moisture resistance of these phosphors impedes their commercialization. Herein, we proposed the dual strategies of "solid solution design" and "charge compensation" to design K₂Nb_1-xMo_xF₇ novel fluoride solid solution system, and synthesized the Mn⁴⁺-activated K₂Nb_1-xMo_xF₇ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15, x represents the mol % of Mo⁶⁺ in the initial solution) red phosphors via co-precipitation method. The doping of Mo⁶⁺ not only significantly improve the moisture resistance of the K₂NbF₇: Mn⁴⁺ phosphor without any passivation and surface coating, but also effectively enhance the luminescence properties and thermal stability. In particular, the obtained K₂Nb_1-xMo_xF₇: Mn⁴⁺ (x = 0.05) phosphor possesses the quantum yield of 47.22% and retains 69.95% of its initial emission intensity at 353 K. Notably, the normalized intensity of the red emission peak (627 nm) for the K₂Nb_1-xMo_xF₇: Mn⁴⁺ (x = 0.05) phosphor is 86.37% of its initial intensity after immersion for 1440 min, prominently higher than that of the K₂NbF₇: Mn⁴⁺ phosphor. Moreover, a high-performance WLED with high CRI of 88 and low CCT of 3979 K is fabricated by combining blue chip (InGaN), yellow phosphor (Y₃Al₅O₁₂: Ce³⁺) and the K₂Nb_1-xMo_xF₇: Mn⁴⁺ (x = 0.05) red phosphor. Our findings convincingly demonstrate that the K₂Nb_1-xMo_xF₇: Mn⁴⁺ phosphors have a good practical application in WLEDs.

Hg3(SeO3)2(SO4): A UV Nonlinear Optical Mercury Selenite Sulfate Constructed by Neat [Hg6O8(SeO3)4]∞ Layers and SO4 Tetrahedra

A novel mercury selenite sulfate named Hg₃(SeO₃)₂(SO₄) has been successfully synthesized under a mild hydrothermal method. Hg₃(SeO₃)₂(SO₄) crystallizes in a monoclinic space group P2₁ and features a unique three-dimensional (3D) frame structure formed by [Hg₆O₈(SeO₃)₄]_∞ layers and SO₄ tetrahedra, which enables it to exhibit a comprehensive performance of a moderate second-harmonic generation (SHG) response of approximately 1.3 times that of baseline KH₂PO₄ (KDP), a moderate birefringence (0.118@546 nm), and a wide band gap (4.70 eV), which indicates that it has potential for application as an ultraviolet (UV) nonlinear optical material. Detailed theoretical calculations show that the Hg²⁺-based polyhedra with large polarizability and deformability and the SeO₃ groups with stereochemically active lone pair (SCALP) electrons are the main contributors to moderate optical properties.

Host-Guest Symmetry and Charge Matching in Glycine-Templated Metal Sulfate-Oxalates Obtained by a Solvent-Free Method

Two metal sulfate-oxalates, (Hgly)₂·Zn(SO₄)(C₂O₄) (1) and Hgly·In(SO₄)(C₂O₄)(gly) (2), were prepared under solvent-free conditions, where gly = glycine. They have similar layered structures despite the fact that aliovalent metal ions are used as structural nodes. Notably, glycine molecules play dual roles as a protonated cation and a zwitterionic ligand in compound 2. The two compounds display moderate second-harmonic-generation (SHG) responses, confirming their noncentrosymmetric structures. Theoretical calculations were performed to reveal the origin of their SHG responses.

[Current status of diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in China: A national multicenter survey research]

Objective: To understand the current status of diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) /small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) among hematologists, oncologists, and lymphoma physicians from hospitals of different levels in China. Methods: This multicenter questionnaire survey was conducted from March 2021 to July 2021 and included 1,000 eligible physicians. A combination of face-to-face interviews and online questionnaire surveys was used. A standardized questionnaire regarding the composition of patients treated for CLL/SLL, disease diagnosis and prognosis evaluation, concomitant diseases, organ function evaluation, treatment selection, and Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor was used. Results: ①The interviewed physicians stated that the proportion of male patients treated for CLL/SLL is higher than that of females, and the age is mainly concentrated in 61-70 years old. ②Most of the interviewed physicians conducted tests, such as bone marrow biopsies and immunohistochemistry, for patient diagnosis, in addition to the blood test. ③Only 13.7% of the interviewed physicians fully grasped the initial treatment indications recommended by the existing guidelines. ④In terms of cognition of high-risk prognostic factors, physicians' knowledge of unmutated immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable and 11q- is far inferior to that of TP53 mutation and complex karyotype, which are two high-risk prognostic factors, and only 17.1% of the interviewed physicians fully mastered CLL International Prognostic Index scoring system. ⑤Among the first-line treatment strategy, BTK inhibitors are used for different types of patients, and physicians have formed a certain understanding that BTK inhibitors should be preferentially used in patients with high-risk factors and elderly patients, but the actual use of BTK inhibitors in different types of patients is not high (31.6%-46.0%). ⑥BTK inhibitors at a reduced dose in actual clinical treatment were used by 69.0% of the physicians, and 66.8% of the physicians had interrupted the BTK inhibitor for >12 days in actual clinical treatment. The use of BTK inhibitors is reduced or interrupted mainly because of adverse reactions, such as atrial fibrillation, severe bone marrow suppression, hemorrhage, and pulmonary infection, as well as patients' payment capacity and effective disease progression control. ⑦Some differences were found in the perceptions and behaviors of hematologists and oncologists regarding the prognostic assessment of CLL/SLL, the choice of treatment options, the clinical use of BTK inhibitors, etc. Conclusion: At present, a gap remains between the diagnosis and treatment of CLL/SLL among Chinese physicians compared with the recommendations in the guidelines regarding the diagnostic criteria, treatment indications, prognosis assessment, accompanying disease assessment, treatment strategy selection, and rational BTK inhibitor use, especially the proportion of dose reduction or BTK inhibitor discontinuation due to high adverse events.

[Correlation between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons component phenanthrene and clinical indicators in patients on peritoneal dialysis]

Objective: To explore the correlation between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) component phenanthrene and clinical indicators in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Methods: A total of 22 patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis catheterization and regular dialysis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from June to August 2018 were selected. Meanwhile, 18 healthy adults who underwent physical examination were also selected as the control group. Fasting blood samples were taken to detect the concentration of PAHs components for comparison, and the correlation between PAHs components and clinical indicators was further analyzed. Results: There were 22 cases in CAPD group (13 males and 9 females), and aged (45±13) years, while there were 18 cases in control group (6 males and 12 females), and aged (41±13) years. The concentration of blood phenanthrene (PHE) was the highest in CAPD group [0.449 (0.254, 0.581) mg/L], and it was only lower than acenaphthene in the control group [0.081 (0.050, 0.444) mg/L], with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.008). The analysis of PHE and clinical indicators showed that the concentration of PHE in CAPD patients was negatively correlated with weekly urea clearance index (Kt/V), weekly creatinine clearance (Ccr) and leukocyte level, but positively correlated with triglyceride level (r=-0.743, -0.749, -0.655 and 0.610, respectively, all P<0.05). Simple linear regression analysis demonstrated that for every 0.1 mg/L increase in PHE concentration, weekly Kt/V, weekly Ccr and white blood cell count decreased by 0.226, 3.050 L/1.73 m² and 0.512×10⁹/L, respectively, but triglyceride level increased by 0.152 mmol/L (all P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the blood PHE concentration of CAPD patients was negatively correlated with weekly Kt/V and Ccr levels (t=-2.402 and -2.368, respectively, both P<0.05). All CAPD patients were followed up for 3 years, during which 8 patients (36.4%) withdrew from peritoneal dialysis due to technical failure, and the baseline PHE concentration was higher than that of patients who did not quit peritoneal dialysis [0.572 (0.416, 0.662) vs 0.268 (0.120, 0.475) mg/L, P=0.003]. Eight patients (36.4%) had cardiovascular events, and the baseline blood PHE concentration was higher than that of patients without cardiovascular events [0.542 (0.389, 0.741) vs 0.373 (0.157, 0.545) mg/L, P=0.045]. Conclusion: PHE correlates with clinical indicators of CAPD patients, including Kt/v, Ccr, leukocyte and triglyceride.

Low Temperature Molten Salt Synthesis of Noncentrosymmetric (NH4)3SbF3(NO3)3 and Centrosymmetric (NH4)3SbF4(NO3)2

Two fluorine antimony nitrates named (NH4)3SbF3(NO3)3 and (NH4)3SbF4(NO3)2 were successfully synthesized by low temperature molten salt method. Though these two title compounds possess NO3- groups and similar Sb-polyhedra, they display...

A Novel Dual-Emission Fluorescence Probe Based on CDs and Eu3+ Functionalized UiO-66-(COOH)2 Hybrid for Visual Monitoring of Cu2

In this work, CDs@Eu-UiO-66(COOH)₂ (denoted as CDs-F2), a fluorescent material made up of carbon dots (CDs) and a Eu³⁺ functionalized metal-organic framework, has been designed and prepared via a post-synthetic modification method. The synthesized CDs-F2 presents dual emissions at 410 nm and 615 nm, which can effectively avoid environmental interference. CDs-F2 exhibits outstanding selectivity, great sensitivity, and good anti-interference for ratiometric sensing Cu²⁺ in water. The linear range is 0-200 µM and the limit of detection is 0.409 µM. Interestingly, the CDs-F2's silicon plate achieves rapid and selective detection of Cu²⁺. The change in fluorescence color can be observed by the naked eye. These results reveal that the CDs-F2 hybrid can be employed as a simple, rapid, and sensitive fluorescent probe to detect Cu²⁺. Moreover, the possible sensing mechanism of this dual-emission fluorescent probe is discussed in detail.

[Associations between early onset of puberty and obesity types in children: Based on both the cross-sectional study and cohort study]

OBJECTIVE

To explore and analyze the relationship between early onset of puberty and different types of obesity in children, by combining large sample cross-sectional survey data with long-term longitudinal cohort data, so as to provide clues for further clarifying the health hazards of early onset of puberty and obesity prevention and control.

METHODS

The research data were from the cross-sectional survey data of seven provinces(autonomous regions, municipalities) in China and the cohort data of adolescent development in Xiamen. The study first found the association between early onset of puberty and obesity by Logistic regression on the cross-sectional data, and then used Poisson regression to analyze the association between early puberty initiation and various types of obesity risk.

RESULTS

In the study, 43 137 and 1 266 children were included in the cross-sectional survey and cohort survey respectively. The cross-sectional study found that among the girls aged 10-13 years, compared with the girls of the same age who did not start puberty, the body mass index (BMI)-Z score of the girls in the puberty start group was 0.5-0.8 higher, and the waist circumference Z score was 0.4-0.7 higher, and the risk of various types of obesity was higher. At the same time, the early onset of puberty was positively correlated with simple obesity, central obesity and compound obesity, the OR (95%CI) were 1.86 (1.42-2.44), 1.95 (1.65-2.32) and 1.86 (1.41-2.45), respectively. No significant association was found in boys. According to the cohort data, in girls, the risk of simple obesity was 6.00 times [RR (95%CI): 6.00 (1.07-33.60)], the risk of central obesity was 3.30 times [RR (95%CI): 3.30 (1.22-8.92)], and the risk of compound obesity was 5.76 times [RR (95%CI): 5.76 (1.03-32.30)], compared with the group without early puberty initiation, while no association between early puberty initiation and obesity was found in boys.

CONCLUSION

Based on the cross-sectional survey and longitudinal cohort survey, it is confirmed that the early onset of puberty in girls may increase the risk of simple obesity, central obesity and compound obesity, while there is no significant correlation between puberty onset and obesity in boys.

Sharp Enhancement of Birefringence in Antimony Oxalates Achieved by the Cation-Anion Synergetic Interaction Strategy

Birefringent materials with large birefringence play an important role in in laser science and technology owing to their ability to modulate polarized light. However, the lack of systematic and effective synthesis strategies severely hinders the development of novel superior birefringent materials. Herein, the cation-anion synergetic interaction strategy was proposed to successfully synthesize two excellent UV birefringent materials, RbSb(C₂O₄)F₂·H₂O and [C(NH₂)₃]Sb(C₂O₄)F₂·H₂O. Both compounds feature unprecedented [Sb(C₂O₄)F₂]_∞^- anionic chains composed of planar π-conjugated [C₂O₄]^2- units and a distorted SbO₄F₂ complex with stereochemically active lone pairs, which induce a large optical anisotropy. Remarkably, further enhancement of birefringence in [C(NH₂)₃]Sb(C₂O₄)F₂·H₂O was achieved via cation-anion synergetic interactions between the [C(NH₂)₃]⁺ cationic groups and [Sb(C₂O₄)F₂]_∞^- anionic chains. It exhibited a giant birefringence of 0.323@546 nm, twice larger than that of its analogue RbSb(C₂O₄)F₂·H₂O (0.162@546 nm). A detailed structural analysis and theoretical calculations revealed that the cation-anion synergetic interaction strategy is an effective strategy for the efficient exploration of superior birefringent materials, which will guide the further exploration of new structure-driven functional materials.

POS0599 IMPACT OF TREAT-TO-TARGET THERAPY ON BONE MINERAL DENSITY LOSS IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

Background

Osteoporosis is a common comorbidity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although RA disease activity has been demonstrated to be associated with bone loss in previous studies, most of them were cross-sectional studies and not in the context of treat-to-target (T2T) strategies.

Objectives

To evaluate the association of disease activity with bone mineral density (BMD) changes in the context of T2T strategies in a prospective RA cohort.

Methods

RA patients were enrolled from a prospective CENTRA cohort of Peking University First Hospital. BMD was repeated at baseline, 1-year and then every other year. Time-adjusted mean disease activity scores were adopted to reflect the overall disease activity during follow-up. The influence of univariable associations between predictors and BMD was investigated using linear regression.

Results

A total of 268 patients were included in our analysis. Their mean age was 50 (12.9) years old. At enrollment, the mean (SD) DAS28-ESR was 3.70 (1.17), and the median (IQR) CDAI and SDIA was 10 (14.45) and 10.30 (16.53), respectively. Osteoporosis at lumbar spine was observed in 23.1% patients and 9.3% at femoral neck at enrollment. Older age, higher SDAI score and lower BMI were found to be associated with osteoporosis at baseline. Reevaluations of BMD at 1 year was applied in 144 patients. Mean decreases of BMDs were 1.75 % at the lumbar spine and 1.40 % at femoral neck at 1 year form baseline, respectively. Patients who achieved remission had less yearly bone loss at lumbar spine (p=0.036). Female gender was identified as a risk factor in the multiple linear regression analyses, and lower disease activity and bisphosphonates were protective factors of continuous bone loss.

Conclusion

Disease activity is associated with bone loss in RA patients in the context of T2T strategies, and those who achieved remission had less yearly bone loss.

Disclosure of Interests

None declared

POS0720 LOW-DOSE GLUCOCORTICOIDS WITHDRAWN IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: A DESIRABLE AND ATTAINABLE GOAL

Background

Prolonged use of GC may cause irreversible organ damage, leading to impaired quality of life and even increased mortality. However, many physicians are worried about severe flares after GC withdrawal in daily practice.

Objectives

To assess the risk of flare in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients after low dose glucocorticoids (GC) discontinuation and evaluate the risk factors of flare.

Methods

SLE patients who ever discontinued GC were identified from PKUFHS cohort. The disease flare profile after GC discontinuation were analyzed. Flare rate was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier analysis. COX regression was used to determine the effect of variables on SLE flare. A prognostic nomogram using Cox proportional hazards regression modeling were developed.

Results

132 SLE patients were eligible for the final analysis. They were followed up for a median (IQR) period of 21.8 (9.01, 36.7) months. The cumulative probability of flare after GC discontinuation was 8.3 % at 6 months, 16.8% at year 1 and 27.5% at year 2 (Figure 1A). In multivariate COX analysis, hypocomplementemia and serologically active clinically quiescent (SACQ) were independent risk factors of flare [HR 2.53, 95% CI (1.32, 4.88); HR 3.17, 95% CI (1.44, 6.97), respectively]. Age ≥ 40y at GC withdrawal and hydroxychloroquine usage were independent protective factors of flare [HR 0.53, 95% CI (0.29, 0.99); HR 0.32, 95% CI (0.17, 0.62), respectively] (Table 1). The protective effect of hydroxychloroquine was dosage related. From the prospective of different tapering strategies embodied as duration from prednisone 5mg/d to complete discontinuation, slower tapering strategy (12-24 months) significantly reduced the risk of flare compared to faster tapering strategy (< 3 months) [HR 0.30, 95% CI (0.11, 0.82), p=0.019]. The prognostic nomogram including aforementioned factors effectively predicted 1- and 2-year probability of flare-free (Figure 1B).

Table 1.

Predictors of flare by univariate and multivariate COX analysis.

UnivariatepMultivariatepMultivariatepModel 1Model 2age≥40y at GC withdrawal0.59 (0.33,1.07)0.0840.53 (0.29, 0.99)0.0490.63 (0.33, 1.18)0.147Age at onset ≥18y2.03 (0.62, 6.66)0.2442.75 (0.77, 9.85)0.1212.88 (0.81, 10.2)0.103Remission duration≥60 months since the last flare0.66 (0.35, 1.27)0.2170.81 (0.41, 1.57)0.5260.73 (0.38, 1.41)0.346history of thrombocytopenia1.73 (0.94, 3.18)0.0771.36 (0.70, 2.65)0.3591.45 (0.74, 2.83)0.278history of lupus nephritis0.86 (0.47, 1.55)0.610////Hypocomplementemia1.97 (1.06, 3.66)0.0312.53 (1.32, 4.88)0.005//anti-dsDNA positive1.25 (0.70, 2.23)0.456////SACQ (both)2.91 (1.38, 6.15)0.005//3.17 (1.44, 6.97)0.004SACQ (or)1.29 (0.73, 2.30)0.380////Hydroxychloroquine or not0.29 (0.16, 0.53)<0.0010.29 (0.15, 0.56)<0.0010.32 (0.17, 0.62)0.001Immunosuppressant or not0.77 (0.40, 1.48)0.426////

There was strong collinearity between hypocomplementemia and SACQ, so the two parameters were separated into two models. SACQ (both): anti-dsDNA positive and hypocomplementemia; SACQ (or): anti-dsDNA positive or hypocomplementemia; GC: glucocorticoids. Data were shown as HR (95% CI).

Figure 1.

Conclusion

Low-dose GC is feasibly discontinued with infrequent flare in real-life setting. SACQ and younger age are potential risk factors of SLE flare, while hydroxychloroquine usage and slow GC tapering to withdrawal can reduce relapse. The visualized model we developed may help to predict risk of flare among SLE patients who discontinued GC.

Disclosure of Interests

None declared

AB0030 THE BIOLOGICAL FUNCTION AND MECHANISM EXPLORATION OF TACI IN SJOGREN’S SYNDROME

Background

primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the lacrimal, salivary and other exocrine glands. More and more studies have shown that B cells play a central role in the pathogenesis of SS.

Objectives

We intended to explore the expression of the transmembrane activator, calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) on the B cells, its role in pSS, and possible signal transduction pathways.

Methods

We included 34 naive pSS patients who visited the rheumatology department of Peking University First Hospital, and 37 gender- and age-distribution matched healthy controls (HCs). (1) To compare the B cell subsets, expression of TACI and relevant receptors in pSS patients, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated to analyze the ratio of B subsets, TACI, and BAFF-R by flow cytometry; ELISA was applied to detect the serum BAFF and soluble TACI (sTACI) concentration. (2) As for functional research of TACI, CD19+ B cells separated by magnetic sorting were treated under in vitro culture circumstances with raw TACI, TACI knocked down by siRNA, and sTACI analog (telitacicept) intervention with varing doses. The apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation and regulatory capacity on T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry, inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulin levels in the culture supernatants were detected by CBA. (3) As for TACI-associated signaling pathway exploration, based on our previous miRNA data and relevant report of high quality, miRNA associated with TACI with significantly biased expression was confirmed by RT-qPCR. Screening the target gene of the candidate miRNA, and miRNA overexpression and inhibition experiments were conducted to validate the targeted relationship in B cells. And TACI-associated signaling pathway was explored via overexpressing and inhibiting the target gene.

Results

(1) Compared to HC, peripheral blood B subsets of pSS patients exhibited a significant bias, manifesting as increased proportion of CD19+CD24hiCD38hi Breg and decreased ratio of CD19+CD24+CD38- memory B cells. The expression of TACI in all B subsets was down-regulated, while that of BAFF-R was up-regulated. Both the serum concentration of BAFF and sTACI in pSS patients increased significantly. (2) As for functional research of TACI, in the setting of raw TACI, B cells in the pSS group showed higher apoptosis rate than HC under culture in vitro, where the ligand of TACI (APRIL or BAFF) addition turned the rate comparable; more active proliferation, and impaired capacity of inducing Treg cells to secrete IL-10. When TACI was knocked down by 50%, B cells performed less late apoptosis, significantly increased proliferation, impaired differentiation, significant dysfunction of Breg itself and impaired induction of Treg cells to secrete IL-10. While telitacicept intervention increased early apoptosis rate of B cells, significantly inhibited proliferation in 500ng/mL group and impaired ability of Breg and Treg cells to secrete IL-10. Besides, increased TACI on B cells treated with telitacicept, decreased IgG and increased IgA in the culture supernatants were observed. (3) As for TACI-associated signaling pathway exploration, hsa-miR-30b-5p showed satisfactory correlation between both transmembrane and sTACI. Besides, the expression of hsa-miR-30b-5p was significantly down-regulated, and inhibition its expression in vitro could lead to differentiation retard, impaired secretion of IL-10 by Breg cells. SMAD1 was screened based on database and validated as its target gene by overexpressing and inhibiting hsa-miR-30b-5p in B cell. After targeted up- or down-regulating the transcription of SMAD1 further, the transcription of ID2 downstream the TGF-β/Hippo signaling pathway changed accordingly.

Conclusion

The expression of TACI on peripheral blood B cells was deficient in pSS patients. TACI deficiency was closely associated with the downregulation of hsa-miR-30b-5p, activating TGF-β/Hippo pathway mediated by its target gene SMAD1 and taking part in the pathogenesis of pSS.

Disclosure of Interests

None declared

Halogen regulation triggers structural transformation from centrosymmetric to noncentrosymmetric switches in tin phosphate halides Sn2PO4X (X = F, Cl)

A tin phosphate halide, centrosymmetric Sn2PO4F, was successfully transformed into noncentrosymmetric Sn2PO4Cl with excellent comprehensive performance by the substitution of F− with Cl−.

Two molybdenyl carbonates with different dimensional structures exhibiting huge differences in band gaps

Two molybdenyl carbonates with different dimensional structures exhibit huge differences in band gaps, 0D Cs3MoO4(HCO3) exhibiting a much larger band gap than 1D Cs2MoO3(CO3).

KLi2CO3F: a Beryllium-free KBBF-type Deep-UV Carbonate with Enhanced Interlayer Interaction and Large Birefringence

KBe2BO3F2 (KBBF) with perfect honeycomb hexagonal layered structure is the sole practical deep-ultraviolet (DUV) nonlinear optical material which could generate DUV coherent light through direct frequency doubling. However, the layered...

Large optical anisotropy differentiation induced by the anion-directed regulation of structures

The modulation of optical anisotropy for two novel UV birefringent materials [C(NH2)3]2Sb3F3(HPO3)4 and [C(NH2)3]SbFPO4·H2O has been successfully achieved via anion-directing regulation structures.

[The impact of occupational aluminum exposure on workers' overall cognitive function and various cognitive fields]

Objective: To evaluate the effects of occupational aluminum exposure on workers' overall cognitive function and cognitive fields. Methods: From July to August 2019, using the method of cluster sampling, 101 and 117 workers were selected from the electrolytic aluminum workshop of an aluminum plant in a region and the maintenance workshop of a plant in the same region. The venous blood of the subjects was collected, the plasma was extracted, and the blood aluminum concentration was measured by ICP-MS. According to the blood aluminum concentration and type of work, 93 workers who were lower than the median blood aluminum concentration and in the maintenance workshop of a factory were divided into low aluminum exposure group, and 85 workers who were higher than the median blood aluminum concentration and in the electrolytic aluminum workshop of an aluminum factory were divided into high aluminum exposure group. The basic information of the respondents, was collected through the employee physical examination form. The overall cognitive function of workers was evaluated by Beijing Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) . Multiple linear regression analysis and logistic regression analysis were used for multiple statistical analysis. Results: Compared with the low aluminum exposure group (25.42±1.808) , the total score of MoCA in the high aluminum exposure group (23.84±2.919) was significantly lower, and the scores of visual space, executive function, abstract and delayed recall were significantly lower (P<0.05) . Linear regression analysis showed that the total score of MoCA, visual space and executive function, naming and delayed recall were negatively correlated with blood aluminum concentration (β=-0.018、-0.008、-0.003、-0.008, P<0.05) .MOCA total score, visual space and executive function, attention, language, abstraction, orientation were positively correlated with educational level (β=0.853、0.310、0.216、0.171、0.412、0.122, P<0.05) . Logistic regression analysis showed that adjusting for age, smoking, drinking and education, blood aluminum was a risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (OR=1.017, P<0.05) ; Education level was the protective factor of mild cognitive impairment (OR=0.419, P<0.05) . Conclusion: Occupational aluminum exposure can affect the overall cognitive function of workers, and occupational aluminum exposure increases the risk of MCI.

[Application of traction metal clip with fishhook-like device in endoscopic resection]

From July 2020 to June 2021, patients in Jiangyin Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University who met the enrollment criteria were treated with the fishhook-like device during the operation to suture the postoperative wound (group A). Patients with similar conditions and similar size wounds who were treated with a "purse-string suture" to suture the wounds were retrospectively analyzed as the control group (group B). Difference in the suture rate, adverse events, time required for suturing, and number of metal clips were compared between the two groups. The time required for suturing was (7.83±2.41) min in group A and (11.00±3.31) min in group B. The difference was statistically significant (P=0.002). The number of metal clamps used in group A averaged 7.17 pieces/case, and the number of metal clamps used in group B averaged 7.06 pieces/case. The difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).The traction metal clip with the fishhook-like device is ingeniously designed and easy to operate. It has a good suture effect on the wound after endoscopic resection and effectively prevents postoperative adverse events.

Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third Advanced LIGO-Virgo Observing Run

We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. Additionally, we develop and test a third model that interpolates between these two models. Our results improve upon the previous LIGO-Virgo constraints on Gμ by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude depending on the model that is tested. In particular, for the one-loop distribution model, we set the most competitive constraints to date: Gμ≲4×10^{-15}. In the case of cosmic strings formed at the end of inflation in the context of grand unified theories, these results challenge simple inflationary models.

Constraints on Cosmic Strings Using Data from the Third Advanced LIGO-Virgo Observing Run

We search for gravitational-wave signals produced by cosmic strings in the Advanced LIGO and Virgo full O3 dataset. Search results are presented for gravitational waves produced by cosmic string loop features such as cusps, kinks, and, for the first time, kink-kink collisions. A template-based search for short-duration transient signals does not yield a detection. We also use the stochastic gravitational-wave background energy density upper limits derived from the O3 data to constrain the cosmic string tension Gμ as a function of the number of kinks, or the number of cusps, for two cosmic string loop distribution models. Additionally, we develop and test a third model that interpolates between these two models. Our results improve upon the previous LIGO-Virgo constraints on Gμ by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude depending on the model that is tested. In particular, for the one-loop distribution model, we set the most competitive constraints to date: Gμ≲4×10^{-15}. In the case of cosmic strings formed at the end of inflation in the context of grand unified theories, these results challenge simple inflationary models.

Tin Chloride Sulfates A3Sn2(SO4)3-xCl1+2x (A = K, Rb, Cs; x = 0, 1) as Multifunctional Optical Materials

The series of alkali-metal tin chloride sulfates A₃Sn₂(SO₄)_3-xCl_1+2x (A = K, Rb, Cs; x = 0, 1), K₃Sn₂(SO₄)₃Cl, Rb₃Sn₂(SO₄)₂Cl₃, and Cs₃Sn₂(SO₄)₂Cl₃, were successfully synthesized through an improved mild hydrothermal method. Interestingly, in addition to the cation size effect, the structure-directing effect of anions induces different symmetries in the three title compounds, with K₃Sn₂(SO₄)₃Cl being noncentrosymmetric, while Rb₃Sn₂(SO₄)₂Cl₃ and Cs₃Sn₂(SO₄)₂Cl₃ are centrosymmetric. Powder second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurements indicate that K₃Sn₂(SO₄)₃Cl is a nonlinear optical material that is type I phase matchable with a weak SHG response (0.1× KDP). Photoluminescence tests reveal that the three title compounds emit strong greenish yellow, orange, and salmon light, respectively, under UV excitation, indicating that they are promising inorganic solid fluorescent materials. Simultaneously, a detailed structural analysis of all the known tin(II) halide sulfates has been performed, which will guide the systematic exploration of high-performance tin(II)-based functional materials in the future.

AB0280 THE INFLUENCE OF TARGET THERAPY AS WELL AS GLUCOCORTICOIDS TAPERING ON DISEASE FLARE IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: RESULTS FROM A PROSPECTIVE CHINESE COHORT

Background:

Treat-to-target in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been proposed for 7 years and several recommendations were developed [1]. In these recommendations, prevention of flares should be a realistic target. Meanwhile, ‘remission’ or ‘low disease activity’ was recommended as the treatment target and minimizing glucocorticoids (GC) dose or withdrawal if possible was suggested in the maintenance treatment. However, would target therapy and GC tapering/withdrawal influence disease flare?

Objectives:

To investigate the frequency and determinants of disease flare, especially the influence of target therapy as well as GC tapering on flare in Chinese lupus patients.

Methods:

The baseline and follow-up data of all consecutive patients in a prospective longitudinal lupus cohort from January 2017 to June 2020 were collected. The lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS) was defined as in Golder et al., 2019[2]. The criteria for remission were from DORIS definitions [3]. Flare was assessed using the SELENA-SLEDAI flare index [4].

Results:

We enrolled 185 patients with disease duration at recruitment of 2.3 (0.8–7.7) years. During the 26.2 (12.5-34.5) months of follow-up, 73 (39.5%) patients experienced 95 flares, including 70 mild/moderate and 25 severe flares. The incidence of flare per patient-year was 0.27. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that compared with those who never achieved LLDAS or DORIS, the patients who achieved the target at least once had a higher flare free survival rate; meanwhile, the patients with prednisone withdrawn had significantly lower flare free rate compared with those with small dose of GC maintained (≤7.5mg/d) (Figure 1A), but among the patients with different prednisone maintain doses (7.5~5mg, 5~2.5mg, and ≤2.5mg) there was not significant difference (Figure 1B). Cox regression analysis showed that younger age at disease onset and lower Complement 3 (C3) level at recruitment were independent risk factors for flare and achieving LLDAS or DORIS ≥50% of visits was independent protective factor (Table 1).

Conclusion:

In this Chinese prospective SLE cohort, age at disease onset, C3 level at recruitment and therapeutic target achieving influenced disease flare independently and significantly. GC tapering in appropriate patients and with appropriate pace did not increase the flare rate, but prednisone withdrawal may induce more disease exacerbation, which needs to be confirmed by large prospective studies.

References:

[1]Van Vollenhoven R F, et al. Treat-to-target in systemic lupus erythematosus: recommendations from an international task force. Ann Rheum Dis, 2014. 73(6): 958-967

[2]Golder, V., et al. Lupus low disease activity state as a treatment endpoint for systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective validation study. The Lancet Rheumatology, 2019. 1(2): p. e95-e102.

[3]van Vollenhoven R, et al. A framework for remission in SLE: consensus findings from a large international task force on definitions of remission in SLE (DORIS). Ann Rheum Dis. 2017. 76(3): 554–561.

[4]Petri M, et al. Classification and definition of major flares in SLE clinical trials. Lupus. 1999. 8(8): 685-691.

Table 1.

Determinants of disease flare by multivariate Cox regression analyses

Model 1(LLDAS) ΔModel 2(RONT) ΔModel 3(Complete RONT) ΔHR95%CIP valueHR95%CIP valueHR95%CIP valueAge at disease onset (years)†0.970.95-0.990.0040.970.95-0.990.0030.970.95-0.990.003Anti-dsDNA positive at recruitment1.340.82-2.180.2171.120.68-1.850.6491.190.73-1.960.486C3 (mg/L) at recruitment0.9980.997-0.9990.0040.9980.997-0.9990.0070.9980.997-1.0000.010Minimum prednisone dose during follow- up (mg/d)0.980.90-1.080.7161.010.94-1.080.7471.040.97-1.110.243Therapeutic target achieved≥50% of observationsΔ0.600.39-0.940.0010.540.34-0.870.0110.680.51-0.920.011

Δ In the three hazard models, the different target achievement status were included respectively.

RONT: Clinical remission on treatment; Complete RONT: Complete remission on treatment.

Disclosure of Interests:

None declared

POS1481-HPR SEXUAL EXPERIENCE IN MALE PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS: RESULTS FROM A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF 113 PATIENTS

Background:

The expression and experience of sexuality is a key part of an individual self-identity1, so it is essential for both healthy individuals and patients. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) may be susceptible to sexual issues due to disease activity, dysfunction and comorbid emotional problems. However, sexuality, especially sexual experience, are rarely paid attention in patients with AS.

Objectives:

Our study aims to assess sexual experience in male patients with AS, and analyze the factors affecting sexual experience.

Methods:

This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 113 patients with AS and 46 healthy people were investigated, matched according to age and body mass index. The Sexual Experience Questionnaire is used to assess male sexual experience. Linear regression analysis is used to explore the contributions of clinical variables to worse sexual experience.

Results:

There is a significant difference in the total sexual experience score between AS patients and healthy controls (41.92±8.83 vs 46.98±8.10, P=0.0013). Also, patients with AS have a worse score in all dimensions of sexual experience, including erectile function, individual satisfaction and couple satisfaction, comparing to healthy people. In the regression model after controlling for the effects of age, disease duration and body mass index, disease activity (BASDAI), function (BASFI), mobility (BASMI, chest expansion and finger-floor distance), health index (ASAS HI), sleep quality (PSQI) and psychological status (HADS, HADS-A and HADS-D) are significant determinants of sexual experience, including erectile function (except for chest expansion), individual satisfaction (except for BASMI) and couple satisfaction (except for BASMI). See Table 1 for details.

Table 1.

Multivariable regression analysis of association between sexual experience and clinical outcomes

IndependentSexual experience total scoreErectile functionIndividual satisfactionCouple satisfactionβ (95%CI)Pβ (95%CI)Pβ (95%CI)Pβ (95%CI)PPain total-0.09 (-0.25, 0.07)0.28-0.27 (-0.58, 0.03)0.073-0.51 (-0.91, -0.100.014-0.15 (-0.32, 0.02)0.077BASDAI1.35 (-2.24, -0.45)0.003-0.42 (-0.75, -0.09)0.014-0.72 (-1.16, -0.28)0.001-0.21 (-0.40, -0.02)0.028BASFI-1.80 (-2.59, -1.01)<0.001-0.62 (-0.91, -0.32)<0.001-0.89 (-1.28, -0.50)<0.001-0.30 (-0.47, -0.13)0.001BASMI-1.04 (-2.01, -0.07)0.036-0.47 (-0.82, -0.12)0.008-0.48 (-0.96, 0.001)0.051-0.09 (-0.29, 0.12)0.413Chest expansion1.60 (0.24, 2.96)0.0210.50 (-0.004, 0.99)0.0520.74 (0.07, 1.42)0.0320.36 (0.08, 0.64)0.011Finger-floor distance-0.20 (-0.33, -0.07)0.003-0.07 (-0.11, -0.02)0.009-0.10 (-0.17, -0.03)0.003-0.04 (-0.06, -0.01)0.011ASAS HI-1.27 (-1.64, -0.91)<0.001-0.42 (-0.55, -0.28)<0.001-0.62 (-0.80, -0.43)<0.001-0.24 (-0.32, -0.16)<0.001PSQI-0.60 (-1.11, -0.09)0.021-0.19 (-0.38, -0.004)0.045-0.28 (-0.54, -0.03)0.03-0.13 (-0.23, -0.02)0.019HADS-0.53 (-0.76, -0.29)<0.001-0.18 (-0.27, -0.09)<0.001-0.24 (-0.36, -0.13)<0.001-0.10 (-0.15, -0.05)<0.001HADS-A-0.86 (-1.30, -0.42)<0.001-0.28 (-0.44, -0.12)0.001-0.42 (-0.63, -0.20)<0.001-0.17 (-0.26, -0.07)<0.001HADS-D-0.99 (-1.45, -0.53)<0.001-0.35 (-0.52, -0.19)<0.001-0.44 (-0.67, -0.21)<0.001-0.20 (-0.29, -0.10)<0.001

Conclusion:

Worse sexual experience is associated with increased disease activity, decreased function, poor mobility, decreased health index, poor sleep quality and psychological status. Therefore, special attention to worse sexual experience in patients with AS is essential to assess disease-related suffering and develop new patient management strategies.

References:

[1]Hill J, Bird H, Thorpe R. Effects of rheumatoid arthritis on sexual activity and relationships. Rheumatology (Oxford), 2003. 42(2):280-6.

Disclosure of Interests:

None declared

Highly Dispersed Mo Sites on Pd Nanosheets Enable Selective Ethanol-to-Acetate Conversion

The fermentation of biomass allows for the generation of major renewable ethanol biofuel that has high energy density favorable for direct alcohol fuel cells in alkaline media. However, selective conversion of ethanol to either CO₂ or acetate remains a great challenge. Especially, the ethanol-to-acetate route usually demonstrates decentoxidation current density relative to the ethanol-to-CO₂ route that contains strongly adsorbed poisons. This makes the total oxidation of ethanol to CO₂ unnecessary. Here, we present a highly active ethanol oxidation electrocatalyst that was prepared by in situ decorating highly dispersed Mo sites on Pd nanosheets (MoO_x/Pd) via a surfactant-free and facile route. We found that ∼2 atom % of Mo on Pd nanosheets increases the current density to 3.8 A mg_Pd^-1, around 2 times more active relative to the undecorated Pd nanosheets, achieving nearly 100% faradic efficiency for the ethanol-to-acetate conversion in an alkaline electrolyte without the generation of detectable CO₂, evidenced by in situ electrochemical infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and ion chromatography. The selective and CO₂-free conversion offers a promising strategy through alcohol fuel cells for contributing comparable current density to power electrical equipment while for selective oxidation of biofuels to useful acetate intermediate for the chemical industry.

Isonicotinic acid-templated metal phosphate–oxalates: solvent-free synthesis, luminescence, and proton conduction

Two new layered metal phosphate–oxalates were prepared under solvent-free conditions using isonicotinic acid as a structure-directing agent, which show interesting photoluminescence and proton-conducting properties.

Centrosymmetric RbSnF2NO3vs. noncentrosymmetric Rb2SbF3(NO3)2

A new UV nonlinear optical fluoride nitrate Rb₂SbF₃(NO₃)₂ exhibits a strong SHG response of 2.7 times that of benchmark KDP and an appropriate birefringence of 0.06@1064 nm.

[Sex Estimation of Typical Adult Vertebrae Morphology in Central China Based on CT Technique]

Abstract

Objective The morphological data of the second thoracic vertebra and the third lumbar vertebra were measured by computerized tomography （CT）. The sex differences were analyzed and the discrimination equation was obtained. Methods The data of 274 adults （203 cases from experimental group and 69 cases from validation group） from central China were collected. Four linear data （maximum transverse length of vertebral body, maximum longitudinal length of vertebral body, maximum transverse length of vertebral foramen, maximum longitudinal length of vertebral foramen）, one angle data （angle between spinous processes） and two area （vertebral foramen area, total cross-sectional area of vertebral body） data of the second thoracic vertebra and the third lumbar vertebra were collected, respectively. Then three ratios ［maximum transverse length/　maximum longitudinal length of vertebral body, maximum transverse length/ maximum longitudinal length of vertebral foramen, vertebral foramen area/ （total cross-sectional area of vertebral body-vertebral foramen area）］ and one angle （angle between spinous processes） were obtained. The discriminant equation was established for sexual discriminant analysis. Results The morphology of the second thoracic vertebra and the third lumbar vertebra was related with gender. Four single index discriminant formulae and eleven multi-index discriminant formulae were established. The 69 validation group samples were substituted into the formula for testing, and the maximum discriminant accuracy rate of the single-index discriminant formula was 75%. The maximum discriminant accuracy rate of multi-index discriminant formula was 83%. Conclusion It is feasible to conduct individual sex analysis by the morphological indexes of second thoracic vertebra and the third lumbar vertebra. The indexes have important application values in practice.

Effects of IL-1β and IL-18 induced by NLRP3 inflammasome activation on myocardial reperfusion injury after PCI

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the effect of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18) in patients with myocardial reperfusion injury after the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Twenty healthy controls (control group) and forty patients (treatment group) were recruited in this study. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 at various time points in both the control and treatment groups. Data processing and analysis were performed using the Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) 22.0 software (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA). Pearson's correlation coefficient test was applied in all data analyses. A difference was statistically significant when p<0.05.

RESULTS

The levels of IL-1β and IL-18 in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.05). The IL-1β level in the treatment group peaked at 0.5 h after PCI and then, gradually decreased. The multiple regression analysis showed that IL-1β level was positively correlated with levels of LDL-C and IL-18 (p<0.05, r=0.527 and 0.955 respectively), and negatively correlated with the HDL-C level (p<0.05, r=-0.34).

CONCLUSIONS

The levels of IL-1β and IL-18 significantly rose in patients with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury after PCI.

Effect of Lonicera japonica extract on lactation performance, antioxidant status, and endocrine and immune function in heat-stressed mid-lactation dairy cows

Here, we examined the effects of Lonicera japonica extract (LJE) on lactation performance, antioxidant status, and endocrine and immune function in heat-stressed mid-lactation dairy cows. Twenty-four healthy Chinese Holstein mid-lactation dairy cows, all with similar milk yield (30.0 ± 1.0 kg/d), parity (2.5 ± 0.3), and days in milk (105 ± 5 d) were allocated to 4 groups using a randomized complete block design: a negative control group (without LJE supplementation; CON) and groups that received LJE at 14, 28, and 56 g/d. The experiment lasted 10 wk over a hot summer, with a pre-feeding period of 2 wk. Cows were exposed to heat stress, as the average temperature-humidity index was greater than 72. The results showed that LJE had no effect on respiration rate; however, it reduced the rectal temperature of dairy cows experiencing heat stress in both a linear and quadratic manner; the lowest (39.03°C) was recorded for the LJE-28 group, lower than the CON group. Supplementation with LJE did not affect dry matter intake, milk yield, or milk composition. The majority of biochemical parameters in serum were unaffected by supplementation with different amounts of LJE; the exception was creatinine, which was reduced quadratically. Compared with the CON group, serum triiodothyronine concentrations increased significantly in the LJE-28 group. Addition of LJE to the diet increased thyroxine concentrations quadratically; values peaked at 18.62 ng/mL in the LJE-28 group. Furthermore, supplementation with increasing amounts of LJE quadratically increased the activity of glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidant capacity in serum but decreased concentration of malondialdehyde. Although we detected no differences in the concentrations of IgA, IgM, or cytokines, dairy cows in the LJE-28 group had higher IgG and IL-4 concentrations than did cows in the CON group. Supplementation with LJE increased concentrations of IgG and IL-4 in the serum quadratically but decreased that of IL-2. Finally, heat shock protein 72 concentrations in the serum tended to fall quadratically as the amount of LJE increased. In summary, LJE had no negative effects on lactation performance but helped to alleviate heat stress by improving antioxidant status and promoting endocrine and immune functions. Supplementation with LJE at 28 g/d is recommended for lactating dairy cows experiencing heat stress during hot summers.

[Interpretation for the group standards in guidelines for personal protection against coronavirus disease 2019 for diseases control person]

As an emerging infectious disease, the COVID-19 threatened the safety of personnel in the prevention and control during the COVID-19 pandemic. Beijing Association of Preventive Medicine organizes the Beijing CDC and other organizations drafted the group standard entitled "Guidelines for personal protection against coronavirus disease 2019 for diseases control person (T/BPMA 0002-2020)" , according to years of scientific research on personal protection. Based on the principles of emphasizing the scientific, normative and safe nature, the standard was drafted to put forward the reasonable selection and correct use of personal protective equipment for disease control personnel, as well as the procedures for personal protective equipment. The standard provided a standardized basis for ensuring the safety of disease control personnel in contacting and handling of the new coronary pneumonia outbreaks with high risks.

(NH4)3[B(OH)3]2(COOH)3: a graphite-like UV nonlinear optical material with a large birefringence via structural optimization

A novel noncentrosymmetric (NCS) metal-free formic-borate, (NH4)3[B(OH)3]2(COOH)3, has been discovered, which exhibits an infrequent graphite-like structure. The alliance of two types of π-conjugated planar anions BO33- and COOH- produced an optimized layered structure to maximize the anisotropic polarizability, resulting in an extremely large birefringence (0.156@546 nm), larger than that of the classical commercial UV birefringent material α-BBO (0.122@546 nm). This strategy that structural optimization could enhance birefringence will guide the discovery of large birefringence materials, especially in the UV region.

[A study on the relationship between insufficient sleep and obesity among children and adolescents in China]

Objective: To analyze the relationship between insufficient sleep and obesity or central obesity in Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 9-18 years. Methods: A total of 172 710 students who participated in the 2014 Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health with complete data of sleep duration and physical examination, were selected as study subjects. Insufficient sleep was defined, according to the amount of sleep for pediatric populations recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Obesity and central obesity of children and adolescents were judged by experts from the Group of China Obesity Task Force and Health Industry Standards in China. Differences between groups were compared by using the t test or χ(2) test. Logistic regression method was applied to assess the relationship between insufficient sleep and obesity or central obesity. Results: In 2014, numbers of students with insufficient sleep, obesity and central obesity among Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 9-18 years appeared as 133 410 (77.2%), 11 145 (6.5%), and 12 603 (17.8%), respectively. Among the students with insufficient sleep, 8 358 (6.3%) were with obesity and 12 244 (17.9%) were with central obesity. The prevalence of obesity and central obesity among boys with insufficient sleep was higher than that in girls. Pupils with insufficient sleep showed the highest prevalence of obesity and central obesity. After controlling for potential confounders, the risk of obesity appeared an increase of 14.5% (OR=1.145, 95%CI: 1.092-1.200) and the risk of central obesity increased by 12.7% (OR=1.127, 95%CI: 1.078-1.178) in students with insufficient sleep, when compared with those with adequate sleep. Compared with those whose daily sleep duration was less than 6 hours, the ones who slept 7-10 hours per day showed significantly reduction on the risk of obesity and central obesity in students. Conclusions: Insufficient sleep significantly increase the risk of obesity and central obesity in children and adolescents while adequate sleep of 7-10 hours per day would reduce the risk of obesity and central obesity in students.

AB0148 ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIALLY EXPRESSED GENES AND MICRORNAS OF B CELLS IN PRIMARY SJOGREN’S SYNDROME BY RNA SEQUENCING

Background:

Primary Sjogren’s syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autimmune disease mainly characterized by the inflammation of exocrine glands. There two key insights into pSS pathogenesis, which included “IFN signature” and hyperactivity of B cells. mRNA and microRNA (miRNA) are very important to control the gene expression.

Objectives:

In this research, we analyzed the differentially expressed genes (DEG) and miRNA of B cells in pSS patients by RNA-sequencing. And we aim to preliminarily screen out some special miRNAs and target gene loci that may be involved in transcription regulation of B cells of pSS.

Methods:

Peripheral blood samples from 3 pSS patients and 3 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were collected. CD19+B cells were sorted by Magnetic cell sorting method. Total RNA was extracted and cDNA of transcriptome or miRNA analysis were prepared and RNA-sequencing was performed to screen the DEG and miRNA. The GO Terms was used to uncover the biological function of DEGs, and the KEGG pathway enrichment was used to find out the related signal pathway. The mRNA-miRNA conjoint analysis was also performed.

Results:

There were a total of 73 significantly DEGs in B cells of pSS patients compared to HC, including 51 upregulated DEGs (such asIFI44L,IFI44,IFIT1,IFITM1,IFIT3,IFIT2,IRF7,IFI6andISG15)and 22 downregulated DEGs (such asESR2andEGR1). GO Terms and KEGG pathway analyses showed that most of the upregulated DEGs were enriched in IFN signaling and IFN regulatory pathway, and also showed the relationship with microbial infection, such as influenza A virus, hepatitis C virus, measles and herpes simplex virus.

There were five significantly differentially expressed miRNAs, including hsa-miR-4485-3p, hsa-miR-144-5p, hsa-miR-144-3p, hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-4732-3p. GO Terms and KEGG pathway analyses showed that most of the target genes which regulated by those miRNAs were enrichment on herpes simplex virus and TGF-β signaling pathway.

DEG and differentially expressed miRNAs conjoint analysis showed that the target DEGs which regulated by those miRNAs participated in cytoskeleton formation and modification of DNA or RNA, such asRASD2,CKAP4,SPARS2L METTL.

Conclusion:

There were 51 upregulated DEGs and 22 downregulated DEGs in B cells of pSS patients. GO Terms and KEGG pathway analyses showed that most of the upregulated DEGs were enriched in IFN related signaling pathway, and also showed the significant relationship with microbial infection.

Conjoint analysis showed that the target DEGs which regulated by differentially expressed miRNAs participated in cytoskeleton formation and modification of DNA or RNA. There maybe more than one regulatory methods lead to DEGs in B cells of pSS patients.

Disclosure of Interests:

None declared

OP0093 FREQUENCIES AND PREDICTORS OF THE LUPUS LOW DISEASE ACTIVITY STATE AND REMISSION IN TREATMENT-NAÏVE PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS -- A REAL-WORLD COHORT STUDY

Background:

After the introduction of treat-to-target strategy in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Lupus Low Disease Activity State (LLDAS) and definitions of remission in SLE (DORIS) were developed and validated. Several studies had demonstrated that the achievement and maintenance of LLDAS or DORIS was associated with good prognosis.

Objectives:

To evaluate the attainability of LLDAS and DORIS in a treatment-naïve cohort of SLE.

Methods:

LDAS5 was defined as LLDAS with a prednisone dose ≤5 mg/d. There were 4 definitions in DORIS: clinical remission on treatment (RONT), complete RONT, clinical remission off treatment (ROFT) and complete ROFT. The treatment-naïve patients from Peking University First Hospital SLE cohort were enrolled. The time to each state and their annual cumulative probabilities were estimated by Kaplan-Meier approach. The frequencies of patients who achieved each component of LLDAS or DORIS during follow-up were determined.

Results:

A total of 218 treatment-naïve patients were included, with a median follow-up of 4.48 years. Respectively, 190 (87.2%), 160 (73.4%), 148 (67.9%), 94 (43.1%), 23 (10.6%) and 18 (8.3%) patients achieved LLDAS, LLDAS5, clinical RONT, complete RONT, clinical ROFT and complete ROFT at least once during the follow-up time. The median time to LLDAS, LLDAS5, clinical RONT and complete RONT were 1.4, 2.3, 2.6 and 4.7 years, respectively.

Table 1.

Frequencies, time to achieve and annual cumulative probabilities of each state by Kaplan-Meier approach

StatesAchieved patientsNumber (%)Time to achieve(years)Cumulative probabilities of achievement (%)Year 1Year 2Year 3Year 4Year 5LLDAS190 (87.2)1.418.869.786.789.192.6LLDAS5160 (73.4)2.36.940.763.376.082.3Clinical RONT148 (67.9)2.65.536.156.168.876.6Complete RONT94 (43.1)4.74.122.637.545.350.4Clinical ROFT23 (10.6)NA1.42.95.46.710.6Complete ROFT18 (8.3)NA0.92.54.84.88.8Table 2.

Patients who achieved each component of LLDAS or DORIS during follow-up

ComponentsNumber (%)SLEDAI-2K ≤4, with no activity in major organ systems (renal, central nervous system, cardiopulmonary, vasculitis, fever), and no haemolytic anaemia or gastrointestinal active213 (97.7)Clinical SLEDAI-2K =0210 (96.3)PGA ≤1217 (99.5)PGA <0.5199 (91.3)Serology (anti-dsDNA and complement) negative148 (67.9)Prednisone dose ≤7.5 mg/day201 (92.2)Prednisone dose ≤5 mg/day171 (78.4)No prednisone dose40 (18.3)No prednisone dose and Immunosuppressants32 (14.7)

Conclusion:

Our data confirmed that LLDAS is an attainable early treatment target for SLE. Though with more difficulty, RONT can be achieved in two-thirds of our patients. ROFT may not be an ideal treatment target at present as it is only attained in few patients.

References:

[1]Franklyn, K. et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016 Sep;75(9):1615-21.

[2]van Vollenhoven, R. et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2017 Mar;76(3):554-561.

Disclosure of Interests:

None declared