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Maheshwari V, Basu S. Sleep problems and their predictors in community-dwelling older adults with diabetes in India: Evidence from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India. Sleep Med X 2024; 7:100108. [PMID: 38500780 PMCID: PMC10945249 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleepx.2024.100108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives To ascertain the prevalence and predictors of sleep disorders and poor sleep quality among older adults with Diabetes (DM) in India, and to assess the relationship between sleep quality and DM. Methods Data was utilized from the nationally representative Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (Wave-1, 2017-18), with a total sample of 66606 older adults (≥45 years) selected for the study. Sleep problems and sleep quality score were assessed using an adaptation based on the Jenkins Sleep Scale. Multivariate linear and logistic regressions were conducted to determine the effect of sociodemographic and clinical factors on sleep quality. Mediation analysis (Karlson-Holm-Breen) was done to assess the direct and indirect effects of independent variables on the sleep quality scores. Further, Propensity score matching (PSM) was done to assess the impact of diabetes on sleep problems. Results The prevalence of DM was 12.34% (n = 8564, 95% CI: 11.54, 13.20) among whom 24.38% (95% CI: 21.38, 27.65) reported sleep problems. On adjusted analysis, sleep problems were significantly associated with increasing education, higher wealth quintile, lack of physical activity, and multimorbidity. Mediation analysis showed adherence to anti-diabetes medication improved sleep quality (aB = -0.28 (95% CI: -0.54, -0.02)), while comorbidities worsened sleep quality (aB = 0.79 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.92)). Analysis from PSM indicated that DM was associated with a 6.2% higher chance of sleep problems. Conclusions Poor sleep quality is present in nearly one in four individuals diagnosed with DM in India and linked with certain adverse social determinants. Focused interventions to improve assessment and treatment of sleep problems in resource-limited primary care settings require prioritization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vansh Maheshwari
- Indian Institute of Public Health – Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, India
| | - Saurav Basu
- Indian Institute of Public Health – Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, India
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Heinrich T, Kobayashi Y, Motta M. Which foreign vaccine should the government purchase in a pandemic? Evidence from a survey experiment in the United States. Soc Sci Med 2024; 347:116766. [PMID: 38502981 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For many countries confronting a future pandemic, the initial vaccines available will come from abroad. Public hesitancy to receive these foreign vaccines is important, as it may create an incentive for governments to forego procuring them for public use. We investigate the influence of the vaccine's country of origin on public support for government procurement during the early stages of a pandemic and examine whether endorsements from the WHO can mitigate such biases. METHODS In the summer of 2023, we carried out a survey experiment of 1,110 U.S. residents where we asked respondents to rate their support for vaccine purchasing policies for 20 hypothetical vaccines (13,320 evaluations). We varied the vaccine's country of origin and its endorsement status from the WHO, while also randomizing other vaccine attributes. RESULTS Compared to foreign vaccines from countries Americans see favorable (e.g., Germany, the United Kingdom), those originating from less favorable countries (e.g., China, Russia), garnered lower support for government procurement. Our causal mediation analysis indicates that this country-of-origin effect is primarily driven by participants' sentiments toward the vaccine. Surprisingly, WHO endorsement does little to mitigate the effect of the vaccine's country of origin. These findings are consistent across various sample subsets and considerations of vaccine quality. CONCLUSION Our study advances previous work on vaccine country-of-origin effects by assessing its impact on policy preferences for procuring initial vaccines from overseas (as opposed to uptake intentions), identifying a mechanism by which vaccine favoritism occurs, and documenting that neither personal disease susceptibility nor vaccine quality fully mitigates country of origin effects. We conclude by discussing why the study of "vaccine diplomacy" ought to not only include interstate dynamics governing vaccine purchasing and availability but also consider vaccine-producing countries' more general reputations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Heinrich
- Department of Political Science, University of South Carolina, 817 Henderson Street Columbia, SC 29208-4114, USA
| | - Yoshiharu Kobayashi
- School of Politics and International Studies, University of Leeds, Social Sciences Building, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Matthew Motta
- School of Public Health, Boston University, 715 Albany St, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Basu S, Maheshwari V, Sodhi B, Mannan P, Kukreti P. The prevalence of depression, determinants, and linkage with functional disability amongst postmenopausal women in India: Evidence from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 96:104030. [PMID: 38598934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study objective was estimating the prevalence and determinants of depression amongst postmenopausal women in India. Additionally, we used panel mediation analysis to model the extent to which multimorbidity was associated with depression after adjusting for the effects of functional disability in the participants. METHODS Data from 28,160 women aged 50 and above from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) Wave 1 were analyzed. Depression was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form (CIDI-SF), with multimorbidity and functional disability (ADL and IADL) considered as key predictor variables. Logistic regression and Karlson-Holm-Breen (KHB) mediation analysis were employed. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of depression among women aged ≥ 50 years was 21.76% (95% CI: 20.81, 22.73), significantly higher women aged < 50 years (17.60%, 95% CI: 16.33, 18.94). Factors independently associated with increased odds of depression included being unmarried, rural residence, and multimorbidity, while higher educational status was associated with lower odds of depression. The relationship between multimorbidity and depression was partially mediated by ADL and IADL disabilities. Notable regional (state) variations in the magnitude of depression were observed. CONCLUSIONS Nearly one in five postmenopausal women in India aged 50 years and older have clinical depression. Community screening for reaching the unreached with primary care mental health strengthening need enhanced policy focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Basu
- Indian Institute of Public Health - Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), India
| | - Vansh Maheshwari
- Indian Institute of Public Health - Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), India
| | - Baani Sodhi
- Indian Institute of Public Health - Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), India
| | - Pallak Mannan
- Indian Institute of Public Health - Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), India
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Malcom DR, Park SK, Lebovitz L, Attarabeen OF, Castleberry A, Dey S, DiVall MV, Kirkwood C, Lee KC, Medina M, Sheaffer EA, Weldon D. A National Survey of Perceptions Around Conditions Associated With Pharmacy Faculty Workload Equity. Am J Pharm Educ 2024; 88:100664. [PMID: 38311215 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess pharmacy faculty members' perceptions of conditions associated with workload equity and factors that can improve workload equity. METHODS A 26-item survey instrument was developed and distributed via email to members of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Council of Faculties. Questions pertained to the workload distribution, fairness in assignment, and perception of the conditions associated with workload equity (transparency, context, credit, clarity, norms, and accountability) as well as institutional and individual demographics. RESULTS A total of 662 responses were obtained (response rate 15.9%). Respondents' demographics were comparable to available national data. Approximately 41% of respondents reported their institutions did not have a written faculty workload policy. Most respondents reported their workload assignment was fair (highest with research/scholarship) but reported only moderate alignment between assigned and actual workloads. The rating level for what domains the primary decision maker uses to assign workload was highest for context, followed by credit, clarity, and transparency. Transparency was reported as the most needed condition to improve faculty perception of workload equity. Respondents also rated increasing trust between leadership and faculty and increasing productivity and accountability as the most important reasons to minimize workload inequities. CONCLUSION This was the first national survey of pharmacy faculty perceptions around the conditions associated with workload equity. Though additional research is needed in this area, programs can work to implement strategies associated with all of the conditions, particularly transparency, to improve faculty perceptions of equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Malcom
- Sullivan University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Sharon K Park
- Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Lebovitz
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Omar F Attarabeen
- University of Maryland Eastern Shore School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Princess Anne, MD, USA
| | | | - Surajit Dey
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, Henderson, NV, USA
| | - Margarita V DiVall
- Northeastern University Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cynthia Kirkwood
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Kelly C Lee
- University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Medina
- University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center College of Pharmacy, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - David Weldon
- William Carey University School of Pharmacy, Biloxi, MS, USA
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Jin KY, Chiu MM. Modeling insufficient effort responses in mixed-worded scales. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:2260-2272. [PMID: 37341912 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02146-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Surveys often add reverse-coded questions to monitor respondents with insufficient effort responses (IERs) but often wrongly assume that all respondents consistently answer all questions with full effort. By contrast, this study expanded the mixture model for IERs and ran a simulation via LatentGOLD to show the harmful consequences of ignoring IERs to positively and negatively worded questions: less test reliability, bias and less accuracy in slope and intercept parameters. We showed its practical application to two public data sets: Machiavellianism (five-point scale) and self-reported depression (four-point scale).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yu Jin
- Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority, 7/F, Dah Sing Financial Centre, 248 Queen's Road East, Wan Chai, Hong Kong.
| | - Ming Ming Chiu
- The Education University of Hong Kong, B1-2/F-15, 10 Lo Ping Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong
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Wind SA, Lugu B, Wang Y. A sequential Moken scaling approach to evaluate response quality in survey research. Behav Res Methods 2024; 56:2273-2291. [PMID: 37311866 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-023-02147-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Careless responding, where participants do not fully engage with item content, is pervasive in survey research. Left undetected, carelessness can compromise the interpretation and use of survey results, including information about participant locations on the construct, item difficulty, and the psychometric quality of the instrument. We present and illustrate a sequential procedure for evaluating response quality in survey research using indicators from Mokken scale analysis (MSA). We use a real data illustration and a simulation study to compare a sequential procedure to a standalone procedure. We also consider how identifying and removing responses with evidence of poor measurement properties affects item quality indicators. Results suggest that the sequential procedure was effective in identifying potentially problematic response patterns that may not always be captured by traditional methods for identifying careless responders but was not always sensitive to specific carelessness patterns. We discuss implications for research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A Wind
- Educational Measurement, Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counseling, The University of Alabama, Box 870231, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA.
| | - Benjamin Lugu
- Educational Measurement, Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counseling, The University of Alabama, Box 870231, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
| | - Yurou Wang
- Educational Measurement, Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counseling, The University of Alabama, Box 870231, Tuscaloosa, AL, 35487, USA
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Nykiforuk CIJ, Thomson M, Curtin KD, Colman I, Wild TC, Hyshka E. Assessing support for mental health policies among policy influencers and the general public in Alberta and Manitoba, Canada. Int J Ment Health Syst 2024; 18:8. [PMID: 38360677 PMCID: PMC10868068 DOI: 10.1186/s13033-024-00624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need to improve mental health policy in Canada to address the growing population burden of mental illness. Understanding support for policy options is critical for advocacy efforts to improve mental health policy. Our purpose was to describe support for population-level healthy public policies to improve mental health among policy influencers and the general public in Alberta and Manitoba; and, identify associations between levels of support and sociodemographic variables and relative to the Nuffield Bioethics Intervention Ladder framework. METHODS We used data from the 2019 Chronic Disease Prevention Survey, which recruited a representative sample of the general public in Alberta (n = 1792) and Manitoba (n = 1909) and policy influencers in each province (Alberta n = 291, Manitoba n = 129). Level of support was described for 16 policy options using a Likert-style scale for mental health policy options by province, sample type, and sociodemographic variables using ordinal regression modelling. Policy options were coded using the Nuffield Council on Bioethics Intervention Ladder to classify support for policy options by level of intrusiveness. RESULTS Policy options were categorized as 'Provide Information' and 'Enable Choice' according to the Nuffield Intervention Ladder. There was high support for all policy options, and few differences between samples or provinces. Strong support was more common among women and among those who were more politically left (versus center). Immigrants were more likely to strongly support most of the policies. Those who were politically right leaning (versus center) were less likely to support any of the mental health policies. Mental health status, education, and Indigenous identity were also associated with support for some policy options. CONCLUSIONS There is strong support for mental health policy in Western Canada. Results demonstrate a gap between support and implementation of mental health policy and provide evidence for advocates and policy makers looking to improve the policy landscape in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace I J Nykiforuk
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-300 ECHA, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada.
| | - Mathew Thomson
- Clinical Research Coordinator, Clinical Epidemiology Department, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, 501 Smyth Box 511, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Kimberley D Curtin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 8303-112 St NW - Room 7-80, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2T4, Canada
| | - Ian Colman
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, 600 Peter Morand Cr - Room 308C, Ottawa, ON, K1G 5Z3, Canada
| | - T Cameron Wild
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-300 ECHA, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
| | - Elaine Hyshka
- Canada Research Chair in Health System Innovation, School of Public Health, University of Alberta, 3-300 ECHA, 11405-87 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada
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Schofield KA, Schwartz DA, Bolch C. Perspectives on remote learning of orthotic fabrication by certified hand therapists. J Hand Ther 2024:S0894-1130(23)00172-2. [PMID: 38355333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruption to continuing educational opportunities for hand therapists. In response, some courses were offered via online platforms, including virtual orthotic fabrication courses. It is important to determine the effectiveness and benefits of these courses for educating certified hand therapists and examine if remote learning of orthotic fabrication skills has continued merit and relevance. PURPOSE To investigate the value and effectiveness of orthotic fabrication courses taught in a virtual format. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional, mixed methods survey study. METHODS A 31-item survey consisting of Likert-type, direct response, and open-ended questions about experiences and opinions of virtual orthotics courses was electronically delivered to certified hand therapists. Data analysis included descriptive and correlational statistics to highlight frequencies, ranges, and relationships between the participant demographics and opinions/experiences. Thematic analysis guided the coding of the qualitative data. RESULTS A total of 459 responded, with a response rate of 9.7%. Most respondents had not participated in online courses on orthotic fabrication. Those that did reported high satisfaction but noted that clinical experience and knowledge from previous courses influenced this experience. Most participants felt that novice clinicians and students would not gain enough skills and confidence from online courses. However, participants with all levels of experience found the courses to be of value. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that while online learning of this skill set is valuable and effective, it is most beneficial for experienced clinicians. Disadvantages included the lack of instructor feedback necessary for hands-on skill development and the lack of peer interaction. Advantages included convenience of time, cost, accessibility, and the ability to revisit the topic as needed. Online learning of orthotic fabrication skills is a sustainable option for clinicians seeking to advance their skills. Nevertheless, it is not a substitute for initial training for novice hand therapists due to the lack of feedback and skill development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah A Schwartz
- Occupational Therapy Department, Orfit Industries America, Jericho, NY, USA
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Bell SO, Makumbi F, Sarria I, Kibira SPS, Zimmerman LA. Reproductive autonomy and the experience of later-than-desired pregnancy: results from a cross-sectional survey of reproductive-aged women in Uganda. Reprod Health 2024; 21:20. [PMID: 38321541 PMCID: PMC10848551 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-024-01750-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The focus of reproductive autonomy research has historically been on the experience of unintended pregnancy and use of contraceptive methods. However, this has led to the neglect of a different group of women who suffer from constraints on their reproductive autonomy-women who experience pregnancies later than they desire or who are unable to become pregnant. This study examines the extent of later-than-desired pregnancy among women and evaluates the sociodemographic and reproductive factors associated with this experience in Uganda. METHODS We use data from the Performance Monitoring for Action Uganda 2022 female survey. We restricted the nationally representative sample of reproductive-aged women to those who were currently pregnant or who had ever given birth (n = 3311). We compared the characteristics of women across fertility intention categories (wanted pregnancy earlier, then, later, or not at all) of their current or most recent birth and used multivariable logistic regression to examine factors independently associated with having a pregnancy later than desired compared to at a desired time. RESULTS Overall, 28.3% of women had a later-than-desired pregnancy. Nearly all sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics were associated with the desired pregnancy timing of women's current or most recent pregnancy. Having higher education [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.13-5.13], having sought care for difficulties getting pregnant (aOR 2.12, 95% CI 1.30-3.46), and having less than very good self-rated health (good health aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.12-2.71; moderate health aOR 1.77, 95% CI 1.09-2.86; very bad health aOR 4.32, 95% CI 1.15-16.26) were all independently significantly associated with increased odds of having a later-than-desired pregnancy. Being nulliparous (aOR 1.98, 95% CI 0.99-3.95) was also borderline significantly associated with having a later-than-desired pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Identifying those who have later-than-desired pregnancies is essential if we seek to make progress towards supporting women and couples in achieving their reproductive goals, not just preventing pregnancies. Research on desired pregnancy timing in sub-Saharan Africa should be expanded to capture later-than-desired pregnancies, a population which is invisible in existing data. This work has public health implications due to commonalities in the factors associated with mistimed and unintended pregnancies and their link to poorer health and potentially poorer pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne O Bell
- Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Fredrick Makumbi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Isabella Sarria
- Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Simon P S Kibira
- Department of Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Linnea A Zimmerman
- Department of Population Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Macchia L, Delaney L, Daly M. Global pain levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Econ Hum Biol 2024; 52:101337. [PMID: 38104357 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehb.2023.101337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Physical pain has trended upward globally over the last decade. Here, we explore whether the COVID-19 pandemic modified this alarming trend. We used data from 146 countries worldwide (510,247 respondents) to examine whether pain levels changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adjusted regressions across countries revealed that 33.3% of people were in pain in 2019, 32.8% in 2020, 32.5% in 2021, and 34.1% in 2022. The change in pain from 2019 to each of the pandemic years was not statistically significant. This suggests that, on average, there was no significant change in pain during the pandemic. However, from 2019 to 2020 there was a significant decline in pain among individuals over 55 years of age, those who were widowed, and those without children in the household. On a global scale, the COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with a significant change in pain levels. The concerning pre-pandemic elevation in global pain continued during this challenging period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Macchia
- School of Health & Psychological Sciences, City, University of London, UK.
| | - Liam Delaney
- Department of Psychological & Behavioural Science, London School of Economics & Political Science, UK
| | - Michael Daly
- Department of Psychology, John Hume Building, Maynooth University, Ireland
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Luque JS, Kiros GE, Vargas M, Jackson DR, Matthew OO, Austin TD, Tawk R, Ali AA, Harris CM, Wallace K, Gwede CK. Association of Preventive Care Attitudes and Beliefs with Colorectal Cancer Screening History among African American Patients of Community Health Centers. J Cancer Educ 2023; 38:1816-1824. [PMID: 37442915 PMCID: PMC10787027 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-023-02337-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and third leading cause of cancer-related death among African Americans in the United States. However, when detected early, CRC is treatable and survival rates are high. CRC health disparities for African Americans compared with other groups may be due in part to lower screening adherence and later stage diagnosis. The objective of this research phase was to test predictors of ever having received CRC screening (i.e., self-report of lifetime receipt of CRC screening) using survey measures in the domains of healthcare communication, trust in doctors, CRC perceived susceptibility, CRC worry, negative cancer beliefs, CRC screening self-efficacy, and cultural constructs for CRC screening in a sample of African American community health center patients. The study recruited 115 African American patients between the ages of 45 to 64 years old from community health centers in north Florida to complete the baseline survey. Our results show significant differences in CRC screening history by age, marital status, level of mistrust of healthcare providers, and level of empowerment toward cancer screening. To increase CRC screening in this population, the study findings suggest development of intervention programs that focus on priority populations of younger, unmarried African Americans, especially given the current trend of early onset CRC. Moreover, survival rates are lower for unmarried and younger African Americans relative to older and married individuals. Such interventions should also aim to increase trust in healthcare providers and increase empowerment for CRC screening decision making to increase screening participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Luque
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, 1515 South Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA.
| | - Gebre-Egziabher Kiros
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, 1515 South Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Matthew Vargas
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, 1515 South Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Deloria R Jackson
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, 1515 South Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Olayemi O Matthew
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, 1515 South Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Tifini D Austin
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, 1515 South Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Rima Tawk
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, 1515 South Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Askal A Ali
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, 1515 South Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Cynthia M Harris
- College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, 1515 South Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd, Tallahassee, FL, 32307, USA
| | - Kristin Wallace
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, 68 President Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 86 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Clement K Gwede
- Division of Population Sciences, Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess factors that are associated with asthma prevalence and asthma attacks among children (0-17 years) and adults (18 years and over) in the United States of America. METHODS The 2019-2021 National Health Interview Survey data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models to determine associations between health outcomes (i.e. current asthma and asthma attacks) and demographic and socioeconomic factors. Each health outcome was regressed over each characteristic variable, adjusting for age, sex, and race/ethnicity for adults and sex and race/ethnicity for children. RESULTS Asthma was more common among children who were male, blacks, parental education less than bachelor's, or had public health insurance, and among adults who had less than a bachelor's degree, do not own a home, or not in the workforce. Persons in families facing difficulty paying medical bills were more likely to have current asthma (children: aPR = 1.62[1.40-1.88]; adults: aPR = 1.67[1.55-1.81]) and asthma attacks (children: aPR = 1.34[1.15-1.56]; adults: aPR = 1.31[1.20-1.43]). Persons with family income <100% federal poverty threshold (FPT) (children: aPR = 1.39[1.17-1.64]; adults: aPR = 1.64[1.50-1.80]) or adults 100-199% FPT (aPR = 1.28[1.19-1.39]) were more likely to have current asthma. Children and adults with family income <100% FPT and adults 100-199% FPT were also more likely to have asthma attacks. Having asthma attacks was common among adults not in the workforce as well (aPR = 1.17[1.07-1.27]). CONCLUSIONS Asthma affects certain groups disproportionately. The findings of this paper suggesting asthma disparities continue to persist may increase public health programs awareness to better deliver effective and evidence-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia A Pate
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaoting Qin
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carol Johnson
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hatice S Zahran
- Asthma and Community Health Branch, Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Lee N, Kearney L, Shipton E, Hawley G, Winters-Chang P, Kilgour C, Brady S, Peacock A, Anderson L, Humphrey T. Consent during labour and birth as observed by midwifery students: A mixed methods study. Women Birth 2023; 36:e574-e581. [PMID: 36804119 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While consent is an integral part of respectful maternity care, how this is obtained during labour and birth presents conflicting understandings between midwives' and women's experiences. Midwifery students are well placed to observe interactions between women and midwives during the consent process. AIM The purpose of this study was to explore the observations and experiences of final year midwifery students of how midwives obtain consent during labour and birth. METHODS An online survey was distributed via universities and social media to final year midwifery students across Australia. Likert scale questions based on the principles of informed consent (indications, outcomes, risks, alternatives, and voluntariness) were posed for intrapartum care in general and for specific clinical procedures. Students could also record verbal descriptions of their observations via the survey app. Recorded responses were analysed thematically. FINDINGS 225 students responded with 195 completed surveys; 20 students provided audio recorded data. Student's observations suggested that the consent process varied considerably depending on the clinical procedure. Discussions of risks and alternatives during labour were frequently omitted. DISCUSSION The student's accounts suggest that in many instances during labour and birth the principles of informed consent are not being applied consistently. Presenting interventions as routine care subverted choice for women in favour of the midwives' preferences. CONCLUSIONS Consent during labour and birth is invalidated by a lack of disclosure of risks and alternatives. Health and education institutions should include information in guidelines, theoretical and practice training on minimum consent standards for specific procedures inclusive of risks and alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Lee
- Level 3 Chamberlain, Building, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Lauren Kearney
- Level 3 Chamberlain, Building, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia; Level 6 Ned Hanlon Building, Women's and Newborn Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Health, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Emma Shipton
- Level 6 Ned Hanlon Building, Women's and Newborn Services, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Health, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Glenda Hawley
- Level 3 Chamberlain, Building, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Peta Winters-Chang
- Level 3 Chamberlain, Building, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Catherine Kilgour
- Level 3 Chamberlain, Building, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Susannah Brady
- Level 3 Chamberlain, Building, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Ann Peacock
- Level 3 Chamberlain, Building, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Loretta Anderson
- Level 3 Chamberlain, Building, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Tracy Humphrey
- Level 3 Chamberlain, Building, School of Nursing Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
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Vimalananda VG, Wormwood JB, Sitter KE, Fincke BG, Qian S, Tait MN, Meterko M. Adaptations for remote research work: a modified web-push strategy compared to a mail-only strategy for administering a survey of healthcare experiences. BMC Med Res Methodol 2023; 23:244. [PMID: 37858034 PMCID: PMC10588167 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-023-02066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic required that our research team change our mail-only (MO) strategy for a research survey to a strategy more manageable by staff working remotely. We used a modified web-push approach (MWP), in which patients were mailed a request to respond online and invited to call if they preferred the questionnaire by mail or phone. We also changed from a pre-completion gift to a post-completion gift card incentive. Our objective is to compare response patterns between modes for a survey that used an MO strategy pre-pandemic followed by an MWP strategy peri-pandemic for data collection. METHODS Observational study using data from a national multi-scale survey about patients' experience of specialty care coordination administered via MO in 2019 and MWP from 2020 to 2021 to Veterans receiving primary care and specialty care within the Veterans Health Administration (VA). We compared response rates, respondent characteristics and responses about care coordination between MO and MWP, applying propensity weights to account for differences in the underlying samples. RESULTS The response rate was lower for MWP vs. MO (13.4% vs. 36.6%), OR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.25-0.30, P < .001). Respondent characteristics were similar across MO and MWP. Coordination scale scores tended to be slightly higher for MWP, but the effect sizes for these differences between modes were small for 9 out of 10 scales. CONCLUSIONS While the logistics of MWP survey data collection are well-suited to the remote research work environment, response rates were lower than those for the MO method. Future studies should examine addition of multi-mode contacts and/or pre-completion incentives to increase response rates for MWP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha G Vimalananda
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), VA Bedford Healthcare System, 200 Springs Road, Building 70, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA.
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jolie B Wormwood
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), VA Bedford Healthcare System, 200 Springs Road, Building 70, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Kailyn E Sitter
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), VA Bedford Healthcare System, 200 Springs Road, Building 70, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - B Graeme Fincke
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), VA Bedford Healthcare System, 200 Springs Road, Building 70, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
- Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shirley Qian
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), VA Bedford Healthcare System, 200 Springs Road, Building 70, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA
| | - Maya N Tait
- International School of Boston, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Mark Meterko
- Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Analytics and Performance Integration, Office of Quality and Patient Safety, Department of Veterans Affairs, Bedford, MA, USA
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15
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Flynn P, Ingleshwar A, Chen X, Feuerstahler L, Reibel Y, John MT. Validation of the HeLD-14 functional oral health literacy instrument in a general population. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16106. [PMID: 37842062 PMCID: PMC10573372 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral health literacy (OHL) is recognized as an important determinant of oral outcomes. Measuring OHL with a valid and reliable instrument that accurately captures the functional nature of this construct across cultures is needed. The short version of the Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (HeLD-14) shows promise as an appropriate instrument due to its inclusion of comprehensive domains hypothesized to comprise OHL. While studies validating the instrument in several languages have occurred, the number of dimensions in the various analyses range from one to seven. Validation of the HeLD-14 in a general English-speaking population is also lacking. The purpose of this study was to explore and confirm the dimensionality of the HeLD-14 in a general US English-speaking population. Methods The psychometric properties of HeLD-14 were evaluated in a sample of 631 participants attending the Minnesota State Fair. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the data set split into two groups. Internal consistency reliability was assessed using the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Concurrent validity was established between the HeLD-14 and the Oral Health Inventory Profile (OHIP-5) using Pearson's correlation. Results EFA found, and CFA reinforced, a unidimensional structure of the HeLD-14. Cronbach's alpha was acceptable at 0.92. Fit assessment also supported a unidimensional structure, comparative fit index = 0.992, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.991, root mean square error of approximation = 0.065, and standardized root mean square residual = 0.074. Concurrent validity analyses showed that the HeLD-14 correlated with the OHIP-5. Conclusions The HeLD-14 is a unidimensional reliable and valid instrument for measuring the oral health literacy in the general US English-speaking adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Flynn
- Primary Dental Care, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Aparna Ingleshwar
- Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Leah Feuerstahler
- Department of Psychology, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Yvette Reibel
- Primary Dental Care, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Mike T. John
- Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
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Wind S, Wang Y. Using Mokken scaling techniques to explore carelessness in survey research. Behav Res Methods 2023; 55:3370-3415. [PMID: 36131197 DOI: 10.3758/s13428-022-01960-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Careless responding is a pervasive issue that impacts the interpretation and use of responses from survey instruments. Researchers have proposed numerous useful methods for detecting carelessness in survey research, including relatively simple summary statistics such as the frequency of adjacent responses in the same category (e.g., "long-string" analysis) and outlier statistics (e.g., Mahalanobis distance). Researchers have also used methods based on item response theory (IRT) models to identify examinees whose response patterns are unexpected given item parameters. However, researchers have not fully considered the use of nonparametric IRT methods based on Mokken scale analysis (MSA) to detect carelessness in survey research. MSA is a promising framework in which to consider participant carelessness because it is well suited to contexts in which parametric IRT models may not be appropriate, while still maintaining a focus on fundamental measurement requirements. We used a real data analysis and a simulation study to examine the sensitivity of MSA indicators of response quality to examinee carelessness and compared the results to those from standalone indicators. We also examined the impact of carelessness on the sensitivity of MSA item quality indicators. Numeric and graphical indicators of response quality from MSA indicators were sensitive to examinee carelessness. Graphical displays of nonparametric person response functions (PRFs) provided supplementary insight that can alert researchers to potentially problematic responses. Our results also indicated that MSA indicators of item quality are robust to the presence of participant carelessness. We consider the implications of our findings for research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yurou Wang
- Educational Studies in Psychology, Research Methodology, and Counselin, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
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17
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Ryan GW, Askelson NM, Woodworth KR, Lindley MC, Gedlinske A, Parker AM, Gidengil CA, Petersen CA, Scherer AM. Unvaccinated Adolescents' COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions: Implications for Public Health Messaging. J Adolesc Health 2023; 73:679-685. [PMID: 37395695 PMCID: PMC10529916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE COVID-19 vaccine uptake remains low for US adolescents and contributes to excess morbidity and mortality. Most research has assessed parental intention to vaccinate their children. We explored differences between vaccine-acceptant and vaccine-hesitant unvaccinated US adolescents using national survey data. METHODS A nonprobability, quota-based sample of adolescents, aged 13-17 years, was recruited through an online survey panel in April 2021. One thousand nine hundred twenty seven adolescents were screened for participation and the final sample included 985 responses. We assessed responses from unvaccinated adolescents (n = 831). Our primary measure was COVID-19 vaccination intent ("vaccine-acceptant" defined as "definitely will" get a COVID-19 vaccine and any other response classified as "vaccine-hesitant") and secondary measures included reasons for intending or not intending to get vaccinated and trusted sources of COVID-19 vaccine information. We calculated descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to explore differences between vaccine-acceptant and vaccine-hesitant adolescents. RESULTS Most (n = 831; 70.9%) adolescents were hesitant, with more hesitancy observed among adolescents with low levels of concern about COVID-19 and high levels of concern about side effects of COVID-19 vaccination. Among vaccine-hesitant adolescents, reasons for not intending to get vaccinated included waiting for safety data and having parents who would make the vaccination decision. Vaccine-hesitant adolescents had a lower number of trusted information sources than vaccine-acceptant adolescents. DISCUSSION Differences identified between vaccine-acceptant and vaccine-hesitant adolescents can inform message content and dissemination. Messages should include accurate, age-appropriate information about side effects and risks of COVID-19 infection. Prioritizing dissemination of these messages through family members, state and local government officials, and healthcare providers may be most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace W Ryan
- Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts.
| | - Natoshia M Askelson
- Department of Community and Behavioral Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | | | - Amber Gedlinske
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | | | - Courtney A Gidengil
- RAND Corporation, Boston, Massachusetts; Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christine A Petersen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Aaron M Scherer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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18
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Mueller J, VandeVusse A, Sackietey S, Braccia A, Frost JJ. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on publicly supported clinics providing contraceptive services in four US states. Contracept X 2023; 5:100096. [PMID: 37522011 PMCID: PMC10374853 DOI: 10.1016/j.conx.2023.100096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted contraceptive service provision in the United States (US). We aimed to explore the impact of COVID-19 on the publicly supported family planning network at the provider level. This study adds to the literature documenting the challenges of the pandemic as well as how telehealth provision compares across timepoints. Study design We conducted a survey among sexual and reproductive health (SRH) providers at 96 publicly supported clinics in four US states asking about two timepoints-one early in the pandemic and one later in the pandemic. We used descriptive statistics to summarize the data. Results We found that almost one-third of sites reduced contraceptive services because of the pandemic, with a few temporarily stopping contraceptive services altogether. More sites stopped provision of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), Pap tests, and Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccinations than other methods or services. We also found that sites expanded some practices to make them more accessible to patients, such as extending existing contraceptive prescriptions without consultations for established patients and expanding telehealth visits for contraceptive counseling. In addition, sites reported high utilization of telehealth to provide contraceptive services. Conclusions Understanding how service delivery changed due to the pandemic and how telehealth can be used to provide SRH services sheds light on how these networks can best support providers and patients in the face of unprecedented crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Implications This study demonstrates that providers increased provision of telehealth for sexual and reproductive health care during the COVID-19 pandemic; policymakers in the US should support continued reimbursement of telehealth care as well as resources to expand telehealth infrastructure. In addition, this study highlights the need for more research on telehealth quality.
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19
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Mizerek E, Wolf L, Moon MD. Identifying and Mitigating Fraud When Using Social Media for Research Recruitment. J Emerg Nurs 2023; 49:530-533. [PMID: 37393079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
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Daugherty J, Sarmiento K, Waltzman D, Schmidt J. Special Report from the CDC Healthcare provider influence on driving behavior after a mild traumatic brain injury: Findings from the 2021 SummerStyles survey. J Safety Res 2023; 85:507-512. [PMID: 37330900 PMCID: PMC10440851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Research shows that a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) impairs a person's ability to identify driving hazards 24 h post injury and increases the risk for motor vehicle crash. This study examined the percentage of people who reported driving after their most serious mTBI and whether healthcare provider education influenced this behavior. METHODS Self-reported data were collected from 4,082 adult respondents in the summer wave of Porter Novelli's 2021 ConsumerStyles survey. Respondents with a driver's license were asked whether they drove right after their most serious mTBI, how safe they felt driving, and whether a doctor or nurse talked to them about when it was ok to drive after their injury. RESULTS About one in five (18.8 %) respondents reported sustaining an mTBI in their lifetime. Twenty-two percent (22.3 %) of those with a driver's license at the time of their most serious mTBI drove within 24 h, and 20 % felt very or somewhat unsafe doing so. About 19 % of drivers reported that a doctor or nurse talked to them about when it was safe to return to driving. Those who had a healthcare provider talk to them about driving were 66 % less likely to drive a car within 24 h of their most serious mTBI (APR = 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.20, 0.60) compared to those who did not speak to a healthcare provider about driving. CONCLUSIONS Increasing the number of healthcare providers who discuss safe driving practices after a mTBI may reduce acute post-mTBI driving. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Inclusion of information in patient discharge instructions and prompts for healthcare providers in electronic medical records may help encourage conversations about post-mTBI driving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Daugherty
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Injury Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE MS S106-9, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA.
| | - Kelly Sarmiento
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Injury Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE MS S106-9, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
| | - Dana Waltzman
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Division of Injury Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway NE MS S106-9, Atlanta, GA 30307, USA
| | - Julianne Schmidt
- University of Georgia Concussion Research Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, 110 Carlton Street, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Xu W, Yi SH, Feng R, Wang X, Jin J, Mi JQ, Ding KY, Yang W, Niu T, Wang SY, Zhou KS, Peng HL, Huang L, Liu LH, Ma J, Luo J, Su LP, Bai O, Liu L, Li F, He PC, Zeng Y, Gao D, Jiang M, Wang JS, Yao HX, Qiu LG, Li JY. [Current status of diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in China: A national multicenter survey research]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:380-387. [PMID: 37550187 PMCID: PMC10440613 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the current status of diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) /small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) among hematologists, oncologists, and lymphoma physicians from hospitals of different levels in China. Methods: This multicenter questionnaire survey was conducted from March 2021 to July 2021 and included 1,000 eligible physicians. A combination of face-to-face interviews and online questionnaire surveys was used. A standardized questionnaire regarding the composition of patients treated for CLL/SLL, disease diagnosis and prognosis evaluation, concomitant diseases, organ function evaluation, treatment selection, and Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor was used. Results: ①The interviewed physicians stated that the proportion of male patients treated for CLL/SLL is higher than that of females, and the age is mainly concentrated in 61-70 years old. ②Most of the interviewed physicians conducted tests, such as bone marrow biopsies and immunohistochemistry, for patient diagnosis, in addition to the blood test. ③Only 13.7% of the interviewed physicians fully grasped the initial treatment indications recommended by the existing guidelines. ④In terms of cognition of high-risk prognostic factors, physicians' knowledge of unmutated immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable and 11q- is far inferior to that of TP53 mutation and complex karyotype, which are two high-risk prognostic factors, and only 17.1% of the interviewed physicians fully mastered CLL International Prognostic Index scoring system. ⑤Among the first-line treatment strategy, BTK inhibitors are used for different types of patients, and physicians have formed a certain understanding that BTK inhibitors should be preferentially used in patients with high-risk factors and elderly patients, but the actual use of BTK inhibitors in different types of patients is not high (31.6%-46.0%). ⑥BTK inhibitors at a reduced dose in actual clinical treatment were used by 69.0% of the physicians, and 66.8% of the physicians had interrupted the BTK inhibitor for >12 days in actual clinical treatment. The use of BTK inhibitors is reduced or interrupted mainly because of adverse reactions, such as atrial fibrillation, severe bone marrow suppression, hemorrhage, and pulmonary infection, as well as patients' payment capacity and effective disease progression control. ⑦Some differences were found in the perceptions and behaviors of hematologists and oncologists regarding the prognostic assessment of CLL/SLL, the choice of treatment options, the clinical use of BTK inhibitors, etc. Conclusion: At present, a gap remains between the diagnosis and treatment of CLL/SLL among Chinese physicians compared with the recommendations in the guidelines regarding the diagnostic criteria, treatment indications, prognosis assessment, accompanying disease assessment, treatment strategy selection, and rational BTK inhibitor use, especially the proportion of dose reduction or BTK inhibitor discontinuation due to high adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - S H Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - R Feng
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan 250021, China
| | - J Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - J Q Mi
- Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - K Y Ding
- Anhui Province Cancer Hospital, Hefei 230031, China
| | - W Yang
- Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang 117004, China
| | - T Niu
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China
| | - S Y Wang
- Union Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - K S Zhou
- Henan Cancer Hospital (Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - H L Peng
- Xiangya Second Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - L Huang
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - L H Liu
- The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Hebei Tumor Hospital), Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - J Ma
- Harbin Institute of hematological oncology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - J Luo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanchang 530021, China
| | - L P Su
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - O Bai
- The first hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - L Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - F Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - P C He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi' an Jiaotong University, Xi' an 710061, China
| | - Y Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - D Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 750306, China
| | - M Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - J S Wang
- Affiliated hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - H X Yao
- Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - L G Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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Bruno B, Mercer MB, Hizlan S, Peskin J, Ford PJ, Farrell RM, Rose SL. Virtual prenatal visits associated with high measures of patient experience and satisfaction among average-risk patients: a prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:234. [PMID: 37024808 PMCID: PMC10077310 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05421-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Virtual visits have the potential to decrease barriers to prenatal care stemming from transportation, work, and childcare concerns. However, data regarding patient experience and satisfaction with virtual visits remain limited in obstetrics. To address this gap, we explore average-risk pregnant women's experiences with virtual visits and compare satisfaction with virtual vs. in-person visits as a secondary aim. METHODS In this IRB-approved, prospective cohort study, we surveyed pregnant women after their first virtual visit between October 7, 2019 and March 20, 2020. Using heterogeneous purposive sampling, we identified a subset of respondents with diverse experiences and opinions for interviews. For comparison, Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CAHPS) satisfaction data were collected after in-person visits during the study timeframe from a control cohort with the same prenatal providers. Logistic regression controlling for age, previous pregnancies, and prior live births compared satisfaction data between virtual and in-person visits. Other quantitative survey data were analyzed through descriptive statistics. Free text survey responses and interview data were analyzed using content analysis. RESULTS Ninety five percent (n = 165/174) of surveys and 90% (n = 18/20) of interviews were completed. Most participants were Caucasian, married, and of middle to high income. 69% (114/165) agreed that their virtual appointment was as good as in-person; only 13% (21/165) disagreed. Almost all (148/165, 90%) would make another virtual appointment. Qualitative data highlighted ease of access, comparable provider-patient communication, confidence in care quality, and positive remote monitoring experiences. Recognizing these advantages but also inherent limitations, interviews emphasized interspersing telemedicine with in-person prenatal encounters. CAHPS responses after in-person visits were available for 60 patients. Logistic regression revealed no significant difference in three measures of satisfaction (p = 0.16, 0.09, 0.13) between virtual and in-person visits. CONCLUSIONS In an average-risk population, virtual prenatal visits provide a patient-centered alternative to traditional in-person encounters with high measures of patient experience and no significant difference in satisfaction. Obstetric providers should explore telemedicine to improve access - and, during the ongoing pandemic, to minimize exposures - using patients' experiences for guidance. More research is needed regarding virtual visits' medical quality, integration into prenatal schedules, and provision of equitable care for diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany Bruno
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Mary Beth Mercer
- Office of Patient Experience, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Sabahat Hizlan
- Office of Patient Experience, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Julian Peskin
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- OB/GYN and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Paul J Ford
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Center for Bioethics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Ruth M Farrell
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- OB/GYN and Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Center for Bioethics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Genomic Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Susannah L Rose
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Office of Patient Experience, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Center for Bioethics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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23
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Sodhi B, Malik M, Agarwal P, Basu S. The prevalence and predictors of depression and disability in older adults and elderly patients with Diabetes in India: Cross-sectional analysis from the Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2023; 17:102765. [PMID: 37086626 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM Depression is associated with multiple comorbidities, such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM), especially in the geriatric population. Elderly patients having depression-DM comorbidity are more likely to experience disabilities in daily activities (IADL/ADL). The study objective was to determine the prevalence and predictors of depression in elderly patients with DM in India and also report the prevalence of IADL/ADL (Activities of daily living/Instrumental activities of daily living) disabilities in depressed and non-depressed subgroups of patients with DM. METHODS We analyzed the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) survey (2017-2018), focusing on individuals aged 45 years and older after excluding those with cognitive impairment. The effective sample size for this study was 66,606. RESULTS Findings indicate that 15.48% of participants had depression while 12.96% (95% CI: 11.04, 15.17) were comorbid for depression and DM. Amongst patients with DM, the prevalence of depression comorbidity was 19.89% (95% CI:16.92, 23.24). On adjusted analysis among patients with DM, urban residence compared to rural, and the availability of financial support was protective against the onset of depression while multimorbidity was a risk factor. CONCLUSIONS Depressive symptoms in the elderly especially with DM comorbidity are linked to a high burden of poor ADL and IADL. Sensitization of the community towards providing support to the elderly and early screening for IADL/ADL disabilities in depression-DM comorbid patients should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baani Sodhi
- Indian Institute of Public Health- Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
| | - Mansi Malik
- Indian Institute of Public Health- Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Saurav Basu
- Indian Institute of Public Health- Delhi, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
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24
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Joosten MM, Depenbusch J, Samuel T, Aaronson NK, Steindorf K, Stuiver MM. Dutch prostate cancer patients' views about exercise and experience with exercise advice: a national survey. J Cancer Surviv 2023:10.1007/s11764-023-01368-3. [PMID: 36995565 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01368-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To support the development and implementation of exercise programming for people with prostate cancer (PC), we investigated their views on exercise. METHODS Online survey with open recruitment. We collected data on clinical and sociodemographic variables, experiences with exercise advice, outcome expectations, and preferences. We explored determinants of (1) having been counselled about exercise and (2) preferring supervised exercise. RESULTS The survey was completed by 171 patients (mean age = 70 years, SD = 6.5) from all PC treatment pathways. Sixty-three percent of the respondents reported never having been informed about the potential benefits of exercise. Forty-nine percent preferred exercise to be supervised. Respondents generally reported a positive attitude towards exercise. Seventy-four percent indicated barriers to exercising, including fatigue and lack of access to specific programmes. Outcome expectations were generally positive but moderately strong. Receiving hormonal therapy and younger age were significantly associated with having received exercise advice. Being insured and having higher fatigue levels contributed significantly to the preference for supervised exercise. CONCLUSION Dutch people with PC report receiving insufficient effective exercise counselling. Yet, they are open to exercise and expect exercise to improve their health, although they experience various barriers that limit their ability to exercise. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS The moderate outcome expectations for exercise of people with PC and their limited recall of exercise counselling highlight the need for better integration of exercise in clinical pathways. The lack of access to specific programming limits the use of evidence-based exercise programmes for people with PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrthe M Joosten
- Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Depenbusch
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tjendo Samuel
- Center for Quality of Life, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Neil K Aaronson
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Steindorf
- Division of Physical Activity, Prevention and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martijn M Stuiver
- Faculty of Health, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Center for Quality of Life, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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25
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Cronin S, Li A, Bai YQ, Ammi M, Hogg W, Wong ST, Wodchis WP. How do respondents of primary care surveys compare to typical users of primary care? A comparison of two surveys. BMC Prim Care 2023; 24:80. [PMID: 36959533 PMCID: PMC10037805 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-02029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary care surveys are a key source of evaluative data; understanding how survey respondents compare to the intended population is important to understand results in context. The objective of this study was to examine the physician and patient representativeness of two primary care surveys (TRANSFORMATION and QUALICOPC) that each used different sampling and recruitment techniques. METHODS We linked the physician and patient participants of the two surveys to health administrative databases. Patients were compared to other patients visiting the practice on the same day and other randomly selected dates using sociodemographic data, chronic disease diagnosis, and health system utilization. Physicians were compared to other physicians in the same practice, and other physicians in the intended geographic area using sociodemographic and practice characteristics. RESULTS Physician respondents of the TRANSFORMATION survey included more males compared to their practice groups, but not to other physicians in the area. TRANSFORMATION physicians cared for a larger roster of patients than other physicians in the area. Patient respondents of the QUALICOPC survey did not have meaningful differences from other patients who visit the practice. Patient respondents of the TRANSFORMATION survey resided in more rural areas, had less chronic disease, and had lower use of health services than other patients visiting the practice. CONCLUSION Differences in survey recruitment methods at the physician and patient level may help to explain some of the differences in representativeness. When conducting primary care surveys, investigators should consider diverse methods of ensuring representativeness to limit the potential for nonresponse bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna Cronin
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Unit 425, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Allanah Li
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Unit 425, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Yu Qing Bai
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Unit 425, Toronto, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Canada
| | - Mehdi Ammi
- School of Public Policy & Administration, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - William Hogg
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Institut du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Sabrina T Wong
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Walter P Wodchis
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, 155 College St, Unit 425, Toronto, Canada
- ICES, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Better Health, Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga, ON, Canada
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26
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Blazek DR, Siegel JT. Let's come to order: The influence of question order on willingness to register as an organ donor. Soc Sci Med 2023; 324:115864. [PMID: 37028208 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE As over 90% of people who register to be organ donors do so at the Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV), DMVs are perceived as a key context for increasing donor registration rates. Scholars have recently noted that the driver's license application itself, including the placement of the donor registration item relative to other questions, can possibly influence donor registration behavior. The goal of the current study was to experimentally investigate this possibility. METHOD We conducted an experiment using Amazon's Mechanical Turk (MTurk) between March and May of 2021 to investigate the influence of question order on donor registration willingness. Participants received a question regarding their willingness to register either before or after a series of health and legal questions often asked at DMVs. RESULTS The placement of the donor registration question had a positive effect on registration willingness for non-registered individuals (OR = 2.01, 95% CI [1.59, 2.54]) and previously registered donors (OR = 2.57, 95% CI [2.22, 2.99]). CONCLUSION Changing the question order of driver's license applications has the potential to influence registration rates.
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27
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Chapkovski P. Conducting interactive experiments on Toloka. J Behav Exp Finance 2023; 37:100790. [PMID: 36744105 PMCID: PMC9890829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbef.2023.100790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, the popularity of online behavioral experiments grew steadily. Due to lockdowns, online studies often became the only available option for behavioral economists, sociologists, and political scientists. The use of the most well-known platforms, such as mTurk, was so intensive that the quality of data was harmed. However, even before the pandemic-induced quality crisis, online studies were limited in scope; real-time interactions between participants were hard to achieve due to the large proportion of drop-outs and issues with creating stable groups. Using the relatively unknown crowdsourcing platform, Toloka, we successfully ran several multi-round interactive experiments. Toloka's sizeable online population, fairly low exposure of participants to sociological surveys and behavioral studies, and convenient application programming interface can make it a useful addition to the toolbox of an experimentalist who needs to run behavioral studies that require real-time interactions between participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Chapkovski
- University of Bonn, Institute for Applied Microeconomics, Adenauerallee 24-42, Bonn, 53113, Germany
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28
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Howe PD, Wilhelmi OV, Hayden MH, O'Lenick C. Geographic and demographic variation in worry about extreme heat and COVID-19 risk in summer 2020. Appl Geogr 2023; 152:102876. [PMID: 36686332 PMCID: PMC9841085 DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeog.2023.102876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extreme heat is a major health hazard that is exacerbated by ongoing human-caused climate change. However, how populations perceive the risks of heat in the context of other hazards like COVID-19, and how perceptions vary geographically, are not well understood. Here we present spatially explicit estimates of worry among the U.S. public about the risks of heat and COVID-19 during the summer of 2020, using nationally representative survey data and a multilevel regression and poststratification (MRP) model. Worry about extreme heat and COVID-19 varies both across states and across demographic groups, in ways that reflect disparities in the impact of each risk. Black or African American and Hispanic or Latino populations, who face greater health impacts from both COVID-19 and extreme heat due to institutional and societal inequalities, also tend to be much more worried about both risks than white, non-Hispanic populations. Worry about heat and COVID-19 were correlated at the individual and population level, and patterns tended to be related to underlying external factors associated with the risk environment. In the face of a changing climate there is an urgent need to address disparities in heat risk and develop responses that ensure the most at-risk populations are protected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D Howe
- Department of Environment and Society, Utah State University, 5215 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
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29
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Al-Muhanna KS, Garrity K, Plakias ZT, Hanks A, Guerra KK, Garner JA. Leveraging Every Door Direct Mail for remote recruitment of a rural Appalachian study Sample: Response rate and representativeness. Prev Med Rep 2023; 32:102121. [PMID: 36793995 PMCID: PMC9922914 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Every Door Direct Mail (EDDM) is a service of the United States Postal Service (USPS) that delivers non-addressed mail to all postal customers on designated mailing routes. Primarily used for marketing, we describe EDDM's efficacy as a research tool for remotely recruiting a representative convenience sample of rural Appalachian households for a longitudinal survey-based health study. In June 2020, recruitment postcards were sent via EDDM to all residential addresses (n = 31,201) within an 18 ZIP code region of Southeastern Ohio. Adults were invited to complete a survey online via QR code or to call for a mailed survey. Respondent demographic characteristics were generated using SPSS and compared with the region's 2019 U.S. Census Bureau statistics. A total of 841 households responded to the invitation, reflecting a response rate higher than marketing estimates (2.7 % vs 2 %). Compared to Census data, a greater proportion of respondents were female (74 % vs 51 %), and highly educated (64 % vs 36 % college graduates); a comparable proportion were non-Hispanic (99 % vs 98 %), white (90 % vs 91 %), and had ≥ 1 adult in the household (1.7 ± 0.9); and a lower proportion had a household income < $50 k (47 % vs 54 %). The median age was higher (56 vs 30 years), and 29 % were retirees. EDDM was a viable method for remote recruitment of a rural geographically-based sample. Further work is needed to explore its efficacy in recruiting representative samples in other contexts and to inform best practices for its use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khawlah S. Al-Muhanna
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 453 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Katharine Garrity
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 453 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Zoë T. Plakias
- College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, 2120 Fyffe Rd., Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Andrew Hanks
- College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, 172 Arps Hall, 1945 N. High Street, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Kathleen Krzyzanowski Guerra
- John Glenn College of Public Affairs, The Ohio State University, 1810 College Rd N, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Garner
- School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 453 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, United States,John Glenn College of Public Affairs, The Ohio State University, 1810 College Rd N, Columbus, OH 43210, United States,Corresponding author at: 243L Atwell Hall, 453 West 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.
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30
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Bell SO, Karp C, Moreau C, Gemmill A. "If I use family planning, I may have trouble getting pregnant next time I want to": A multicountry survey-based exploration of perceived contraceptive-induced fertility impairment and its relationship to contraceptive behaviors. Contracept X 2023; 5:100093. [PMID: 37114162 PMCID: PMC10127128 DOI: 10.1016/j.conx.2023.100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aim to assess women's perceptions regarding contraceptive effects on fertility across a diversity of settings in sub-Saharan Africa and how they vary by women's characteristics. We also aim to examine how such beliefs relate to women's contraceptive practices and intentions. Study design This study uses cross-sectional survey data among women aged 15 to 49 in nine sub-Saharan African geographies from the Performance Monitoring for Action project. Our main measure of interest assessed women's perceptions of contraceptive-induced fertility impairment. We examined factors related to this belief and explored the association between perceptions of contraceptive-induced fertility impairment and use of medicalized contraception (intrauterine device, implant, injectable, pills, emergency contraception) and intention to use contraception (among nonusers). Results Between 20% and 40% of women across study sites agreed or strongly agreed that contraception would lead to later difficulties becoming pregnant. Women at risk of an unintended pregnancy who believed contraception could cause fertility impairment had reduced odds of using medicalized contraception in five sites; aORs ranged from 0.07 to 0.62. Likewise, contraceptive nonusers who wanted a/another child and perceived contraception could cause fertility impairment were less likely to intend to use contraception in seven sites, with aORs between 0.34 and 0.66. Conclusions Our multicountry study findings indicate women's perception of contraceptive-induced fertility impairment is common across diverse sub-Saharan African settings, likely acting as a deterrent to using medicalized contraceptive methods. Implications Findings from this study can help improve reproductive health programs by addressing concerns about contraception to help women achieve their reproductive goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne O. Bell
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Celia Karp
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Caroline Moreau
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Soins et Santé Primaire, CESP Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health U1018, Inserm, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Alison Gemmill
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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31
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Brucker DL. Comparing effects of question set order and location within a survey instrument of two commonly used disability question sets among a U.S. population of adults. Disabil Health J 2022; 16:101424. [PMID: 36610821 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2022.101424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In nationally representative household surveys conducted in the United States (U.S.), two distinct sets of questions are commonly used to identify persons with disabilities. The six-question sequence (6QS) measures, in a yes/no fashion, limitations in cognition, hearing, independent living, self-care, vision, and walking. The Washington Group Short Set (WG-SS) captures more nuanced yet similar information, although instead of including a measure of independent living asks about communication. To date, research has not estimated, among the same set of survey respondents, variations in disability prevalence using these two sets of questions nor how prevalence estimates vary by question set order and placement of these questions at the beginning or end of a survey. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS The objective was to examine adjusted differences in disability prevalence among three measures of disability based on the 6QS and the WG-SS question sets, controlling for differences in question set order and placement within a survey. METHODS We fielded an Internet survey (N = 13,277) in September 2020 that included these questions, but varied question set order and placement among respondents, using four different versions of the survey. We first tested for bivariate differences by survey design between an "any disability" measure as well as between specific types of limitations using Chi square. Finally, we examined pairwise adjusted differences in prevalence estimates. RESULTS The 6QS provided the most consistent prevalence estimates (26%-28%) (p < .05), regardless of survey design. Estimates varied more widely for the WG-SS measures, ranging from 43 to 60% for WG-SS1 and from 10% to 15% for WG-SS2, among survey versions. CONCLUSIONS Question set order and placement was not associated with differences in prevalence for the 6QS but was associated with differences in estimates from the WG-SS. Further research is needed to understand the possible survey priming effects that might influence estimates from the WG-SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra L Brucker
- University of New Hampshire, Institute on Disability, 10 West Edge Drive, Suite 101, Durham, NH, 03824, USA.
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32
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Eisenberg ME, Oliphant JA, Plowman S, Forstie M, Sieving RE. Increased Parent Support for Comprehensive Sexuality Education Over 15 Years. J Adolesc Health 2022; 71:744-750. [PMID: 36220687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) has been shown to reduce sexual risk-taking behaviors and promote healthy sexual development, and studies have shown high support for this approach. However, the past decade has seen many changes in the political landscape and social controversies. The present study reports on an updated survey and analysis of changes in support from 2006 to 2021. METHODS Survey data were collected by telephone in 2006 (N = 1,605) and online and in-person in 2021 (N = 719) from separate samples of Minnesota parents of school-age children. Parents responded to items regarding preferences for CSE, support for teaching numerous specific sexuality education topics, and the grade level at which topics should be introduced. Chi-square tests and logistic regression (with weighted 2021 data) were used to detect differences in support between survey years and across demographic and personal characteristics. RESULTS At both time points, approximately 90% of parents thought that CSE should be taught in schools, with significant increases in support within several demographic categories. Support for including all specific topics was high, including for topics typically considered highly controversial (e.g., gender identity, 68.7%; abortion, 77.7% in 2021). Parents endorsed introducing most topics in elementary or middle school years. DISCUSSION Findings suggest that policy makers and educators in Minnesota can be confident of strong parental support for CSE covering a wide range of content to meet students' needs. Advocacy and action to advance the use of national sexuality education standards are in keeping with the views of the overwhelming majority of parents of school-age children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marla E Eisenberg
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | - Jennifer A Oliphant
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Shari Plowman
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Melanie Forstie
- Office of Measurement Services, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Renee E Sieving
- Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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Palmer Kelly E, Myers B, McGee J, Hyer M, Tsilimigras DI, Pawlik TM. Surgeon Strategies to Patient-Centered Decision-making in Cancer Care: Validation and Applications of a Conceptual Model. J Cancer Educ 2022; 37:1719-1726. [PMID: 33942256 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-021-02017-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We sought to construct and validate a model of cancer surgeon approaches to patient-centered decision-making (PCDM) and compare applications of that model relative to surgical specialties. Ten PCDM strategies were assessed using a cross-sectional survey administered online to 295 board-certified cancer surgeons. Structural equation modeling was used to empirically validate and compare approaches to PCDM. Within the full sample, 7 strategies comprised a latent construct labeled, "physical & emotional accessibility," associated with surgeon approaches to PCDM (β = 0.37, p < .05). Three individual strategies were included: "expectations (Q4)" (β = 0.52, p < .05), "decision preferences (Q5) (β = 0.47, p < .05), and "access medical information (Q3)" (β = 0.75). Surgical specialties for subgroup analysis were classified as general/other (67.6%) or hepato-pancreato-biliary and upper gastrointestinal (HPB/UGI) (34.2%). For general/other surgeons, 7 individual strategies composed the model of surgeon approaches to PCDM, with "time (Q6) (β = 0.70, p < .001) and "therapeutic relationship building (Q9)" (β = 0.69, p < .001) being the strongest predictors. The HPB/UGI model included 2 latent constructs labeled "physical accessibility" (β = 0.72, p < .05) and "creating a decision-making dialogue" (β = 0.62) as well as the individual strategy, "effective communication (Q8)" (β = 0.51, p < .05). Although models of surgeon PCDM varied, there were 4 overlapping strategies, including effective communication. Tailoring models of PCDM may improve surgeon uptake and thus, overall patient satisfaction with their cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Madison Hyer
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Timothy M Pawlik
- Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Beckett M, Hering R, Urbanoski K. Inpatient care provider perspectives on the development and implementation of an addiction medicine consultation service in a small urban setting. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2022; 17:70. [PMID: 36303182 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-022-00497-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate provider perspectives on the development and implementation of an inpatient Addiction Medicine Consult Service, including their awareness of the service, its perceived role in the continuum of care, and changes over time in their perceptions of care quality for inpatients with substance use disorders. METHODS Repeated cross-sectional survey of hospital-based physicians, nurses and social workers performed at service launch (April-June, 2017) and 4 years later (March-June, 2021). RESULTS Providers had generally positive perceptions of the service and its impact on care quality, but encountered significant barriers at both time points in meeting patient needs (related to high patient complexity and difficulty connecting patients with community services post-discharge). Relative to physicians and social workers, nurses were less likely to be familiar with the service or see it as beneficial. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that the service fills a gap that existed previously in the local system of care; however, numerous opportunities exist to further strengthen the system beyond the hospital setting to promote longer-term health among people who use substances. For nurses in particular, outreach, education, and other resources (e.g., dedicated nursing role support, nurse liaison) are warranted to ensure that nurses feel supported and confident caring for this patient population.
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Kennedy EB, Charifson M, Jehn M, Jensen EA, Vikse J. Prospective sampling bias in COVID-19 recruitment methods: experimental evidence from a national randomized survey testing recruitment materials. BMC Med Res Methodol 2022; 22:251. [PMID: 36162985 PMCID: PMC9510455 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-022-01726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, social science research has required recruiting many prospective participants. Many researchers have explicitly taken advantage of widespread public interest in COVID-19 to advertise their studies. Leveraging this interest, however, risks creating unrepresentative samples due to differential interest in the topic. In this study, we investigate the design of survey recruitment materials with respect to the views of resultant participants. Methods Within a pan-Canadian survey (stratified random mail sampling, n = 1969), the design of recruitment invitations to prospective respondents was experimentally varied, with some prospective respondents receiving COVID-specific recruitment messages and others receiving more general recruitment messages (described as research about health and health policy). All respondents participated, however, in the same survey, allowing comparison of both demographic and attitudinal features between these groups. Results Respondents recruited via COVID-19 specific postcards were more likely to agree that COVID-19 is serious and believe that they were likely to contract COVID-19 compared to non-COVID respondents (odds = 0.71, p = 0.04; odds = 0.74, p = 0.03 respectively; comparing health to COVID-19 framed respondents). COVID-19 specific respondents were more likely to disagree that the COVID-19 threat was exaggerated compared to the non-COVID survey respondents (odds = 1.44, p = 0.02). Conclusions COVID-19 recruitment framing garnered a higher response rate, as well as a sample with greater concern about coronavirus risks and impacts than respondents who received more neutrally framed recruitment materials. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12874-022-01726-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric B Kennedy
- Disaster and Emergency Management, School of Administrative Studies, York University, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Mia Charifson
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| | - Megan Jehn
- Global Health, School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, USA
| | - Eric A Jensen
- Research Department, Institute for Methods Innovation, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jenna Vikse
- Discourse, Science, Publics Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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Maldupa I, Slepcova O, Vidulskane I, Brinkmane A, Senakola E, Uribe SE. COVID-19 as an opportunity for minimally-invasive dentistry: a national cross-sectional survey. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:394. [PMID: 36096784 PMCID: PMC9465652 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02432-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID19 pandemic, the Latvian government issued first absolute restrictions (elective treatments prohibited, only emergency care) and later relative restrictions (preference for non-aerosol-generating procedures (AGP) and emergency care) on dental care. This study aims to assess the impact of these restrictions on the decision made by Latvian dentists about caries treatment. Methods A Survey-based cross-sectional study was used. A minimum sample size of 174 dentists was estimated for national representativeness (N = 1524). The questionnaire was developed by experts and sent three times via email to Latvian dentists from July to September 2020 and was also delivered in printed form at two national conferences in September and October 2020. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Results We received 373 completed questionnaires, with a total response rate of 24.5%. Under the recommendation to reduce AGP for the treatment of uncomplicated caries, 10% of the dentists stated that they would stop attending, 54% would only attend emergencies, and 36% would attend as usual. Under prohibition, the percentages are 15%, 74%, and 11%, respectively. Regarding the type of treatment, more than 75% would opt to proceed with selective caries removal for both primary and permanent teeth and 10% for extraction. Conclusion Latvian dentists are willing to treat patients with caries during the pandemic and state that they prefer to use non- or minimally invasive and less aerosol-generating methods for caries treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02432-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilze Maldupa
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema iela 20, Riga, 1007, Latvia
| | - Olga Slepcova
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema iela 20, Riga, 1007, Latvia
| | - Ilona Vidulskane
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema iela 20, Riga, 1007, Latvia
| | - Anda Brinkmane
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema iela 20, Riga, 1007, Latvia
| | - Egita Senakola
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema iela 20, Riga, 1007, Latvia
| | - Sergio E Uribe
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Health, Riga Stradins University, Dzirciema iela 20, Riga, 1007, Latvia. .,School of Dentistry, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile. .,Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia.
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Bourke SC, Chapman J, Jones R, Brinckley MM, Thurber KA, Calabria B, Doery K, Olsen A, Lovett R. Developing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural indicators: an overview from Mayi Kuwayu, the National Study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing. Int J Equity Health 2022; 21:109. [PMID: 35978345 PMCID: PMC9386936 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-022-01710-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, culture is foundational to health and wellbeing. However, its inherent conceptual complexity and diversity across and within different Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultural groups means that it has rarely been explored in depth by epidemiological research. As a result, there are very few measures which adequately represent the heterogeneity and importance of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures for health and wellbeing. Tools grounded in the social determinants of health are mostly based on European academic opinion about what constitutes culture and wellbeing, and the views of Indigenous peoples are rarely included. Mayi Kuwayu, the National Study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Wellbeing, developed a new survey tool based on health and wellbeing as perceived by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. This paper describes several of the key processes used to identify cultural domains and develop questionnaire items for the survey tool, reflecting the importance of culture to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples. METHODS Focus groups were conducted at community organisations and conferences with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. These sessions were aimed at identifying key cultural domains to be addressed by the Mayi Kuwayu questionnaire and to field test drafts of the questionnaire, which were then modified according to focus group feedback and expert input. RESULTS Extensive community consultations allowed us to identify key cultural domains, generate questionnaire items, and test initial content validity. The six overarching cultural domains identified during the development of the Mayi Kuwayu questionnaire were: Connection to Country; Beliefs and knowledge; Language; Family, kinship, and community; Cultural expression and continuity; and Self-determination and leadership. CONCLUSIONS The processes used by Mayi Kuwayu have generated meaningful cultural items for use in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and wellbeing research. Further assessment of these processes, including a comparison with best practice guidelines and psychometric testing of the items and scales developed, will be conducted in a future program of work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Bourke
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. .,School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Janet Chapman
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Roxanne Jones
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Makayla-May Brinckley
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Katherine A Thurber
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Bianca Calabria
- College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.,National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,The Teal Psychology Space, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kate Doery
- Centre for Social Research and Methods, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.,Policy and Equity, Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anna Olsen
- Medical School, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Raymond Lovett
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of Health & Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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McClellan SR, Hunt M, Olsho LEW, Dasgupta A, Chowdhury M, Sparks AC. Satisfaction and Mental Health Outcomes Associated with a Large Regional Helpline. Community Ment Health J 2022; 58:1214-1224. [PMID: 35015179 PMCID: PMC8749345 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-021-00931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We surveyed users of a behavioral health helpline serving New York City and surroundings, to assess their helpline experiences, changes in psychological distress after contacting the helpline, and factors associated with differences in these measures. We surveyed users twice: roughly 2 weeks following their helpline contact, from 4/2019 to 9/2019 (N = 1097 respondents) and again 6 months following contact, from 10/2019 to 3/2020 (N = 732 respondents). Eighty-nine percent of respondents reported that contacting the helpline helped them deal a little or a lot more effectively with their problems. Rates of psychological distress decreased from 41.3% 2 weeks following helpline contact to 29.0% 6 months after (P < 0.05). Improvements in psychological distress were found across a range of demographic characteristics and were greatest for repeat users. Users reported broadly positive experiences with the helpline and improved psychological distress 6 months later. Behavioral health helplines can offer beneficial services to diverse populations, complementing the formal behavioral healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean R McClellan
- Division of Health and Environment, Abt Associates, 10 Fawcett St., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Meaghan Hunt
- Division of Health and Environment, Abt Associates, 10 Fawcett St., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Lauren E W Olsho
- Division of Health and Environment, Abt Associates, 10 Fawcett St., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Amrita Dasgupta
- NYC Health + Hospitals, 125 Worth St., New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - Mifta Chowdhury
- NYC Health + Hospitals, 125 Worth St., New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - Alicia C Sparks
- Division of Health and Environment, Abt Associates, 10 Fawcett St., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
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Van Fossen JA, Ropp JW, Darcy K, Hamm JA. Comfort with and willingness to participate in COVID-19 contact tracing: The role of risk perceptions, trust, and political ideology. Soc Sci Med 2022; 306:115174. [PMID: 35777171 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Contact tracing (CT) can limit the spread of infectious diseases, however its effectiveness hinges on public participation. We evaluated perceptions of the financial and health risk posed by COVID-19 and trust in information about COVID-19 provided by the state health department that manages CT as predictors of comfort and willingness to comply with CT. We further examined the moderating effect of political ideology on these relationships. METHODS We used structural equation modeling to test hypotheses in data from a cross-sectional survey completed by a representative sample of Michigan residents (N = 805) in 2020. RESULTS Perceptions of the risk of COVID-19 to one's health (but not finances) was negatively related to comfort and willingness to participate in CT. Trust in information about COVID-19 and liberalism were positively related to comfort and willingness. There was also a moderating effect of political ideology, such that conservatives were less comfortable and willing at greater perceptions of health risk. CONCLUSIONS Conservatives and those who perceive a greater health risk may require targeted messaging and more deliberate engagement strategies to increase CT participation.
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Gomez AM, Rafie S, Garner-Ford E, Arcara J, Arteaga S, Britter M, De La Cruz M, Gleaton SK, Gomez-Vidal C, Luna B, Ortiz C, Rivera MC, Schuman L, Watanabe M, Logan R. Community perspectives on pharmacist-prescribed hormonal contraception in rural California. Contraception 2022; 114:10-17. [PMID: 35671841 DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the United States, numerous states have enabled pharmacists to prescribe hormonal contraception. Little research focuses on the perspectives of potential users of this service in rural communities. This study sought to describe awareness of, interest in, acceptability of, and support for pharmacist-prescribed contraception in a rural California county. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a community-based survey in 2019-20 in Tulare County, California. Researchers partnered with community members to design, implement, and analyze the survey. We recruited respondents who were ages 15 to 44 and assigned female sex at birth, using passive community-based approaches, social media advertisements, and social networks. Analyses focused on 177 respondents with a potential future need for contraception. RESULTS Thirty-one percent of respondents were aware that pharmacists could prescribe hormonal contraception in California, with more accurate knowledge among older respondents (p = 0.015). After receiving brief educational information about pharmacist-prescribed contraception, respondents expressed high levels of support and acceptability: they perceived pharmacist-prescribed contraception to be safe, time saving, and more convenient. Respondents were more comfortable talking about contraception with traditional contraceptive care providers compared to asking pharmacists questions about contraception. Fifty-seven percent were somewhat or very interested in obtaining contraception from a pharmacist, with higher levels of interest among those who preferred to use a different method. CONCLUSION Awareness of pharmacist-prescribed contraception in a rural California community was low, though people are supportive of and interested in utilizing this service. This research suggests that increased availability of pharmacist-prescribed contraception could support individuals' reproductive self-determination and address gaps in access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Manchikanti Gomez
- Sexual Health and Reproductive Equity Program, School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United State.
| | - Sally Rafie
- Department of Pharmacy, University of California, San Diego Health, San Diego, CA, United State; Birth Control Pharmacist, San Diego, CA, United State
| | | | - Jennet Arcara
- Sexual Health and Reproductive Equity Program, School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United State
| | - Stephanie Arteaga
- Sexual Health and Reproductive Equity Program, School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United State
| | - Morgan Britter
- Central Valley Voices for Access, Visalia, CA, United State
| | - Monica De La Cruz
- Sexual Health and Reproductive Equity Program, School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United State
| | | | - Cristina Gomez-Vidal
- Sexual Health and Reproductive Equity Program, School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United State
| | - Brianna Luna
- Central Valley Voices for Access, Visalia, CA, United State
| | | | | | - Logan Schuman
- Central Valley Voices for Access, Visalia, CA, United State
| | - Mia Watanabe
- Central Valley Voices for Access, Visalia, CA, United State
| | - Rachel Logan
- Sexual Health and Reproductive Equity Program, School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United State
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Sara BA, Rubin SE, Haile ZT, Alemu DG, Azulay Chertok IR. Factors associated with men's opinion about female genital mutilation in Ethiopia. Sex Reprod Healthc 2022; 32:100721. [PMID: 35354114 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2022.100721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Female genital mutilation (FGM) is considered a human rights violation against women and girls causing serious short and long-term health complications. Despite being a criminal offence in Ethiopia since 2004, the practice continues. Minimal research has been published on factors associated with men's opinion about FGM in Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE AND AIMS The present cross-sectional study used secondary data to identify factors associated with men's opinions about the practice of FGM. METHODS Secondary data analysis was conducted using data from 8,718 men who responded to the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS). The dependent variable was men's opinion about FGM. Demographic, socioeconomic, and other characteristics were examined. RESULTS Variables associated with men's support for FGM were lack of education (AOR = 2.91; 95% CI: 1.93, 4.40, p = <0.001), poor wealth index (AOR, 1.76; 95% CI 1.32, 2.35, p = 0.001), ethnically Afar (AOR = 2.50, 95% CI: 1.27, 4.95, p = 0.009) and Somali (AOR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.15, 3.54, p = 0.015), Muslim religion (AOR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.13, 2.50, p = 0.007), and support for wife beating with at least one justification (AOR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.66, 2.50, p = <0.001). CONCLUSION Lack of education, poor household wealth index, being Muslim and being a member of the Afar or Somali ethnicity and having a tendency that it is appropriate for a husband to beat his wife, were positively associated support for FGM. These findings suggest that context-specific interventions are needed to eradicate the practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany A Sara
- Global Health Initiative, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Grover Center, 89 Richland Ave, Athens, OH, United States.
| | - Sarah E Rubin
- Department of Social Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Cleveland, OH, United States.
| | - Zelalem T Haile
- Department of Social Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Dublin, OH, United States.
| | - Dawit G Alemu
- Department of Social Medicine, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States.
| | - Ilana R Azulay Chertok
- School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States.
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Lee S, Alvarado-Leiton F, Yu W, Davis R, Johnson TP. Developing a short screener for acquiescent respondents. Res Social Adm Pharm 2022; 18:2817-2829. [PMID: 34244077 PMCID: PMC8684561 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquiescent response style (ARS) refers to survey respondents' tendency to choose response categories agreeing to questions regardless of their content and is hypothesized as a stable respondent trait. While what underlies acquiescence is debatable, the effect of ARS on measurement is clear: bias through artificially increased agreement ratings. With certain population subgroups (e.g., racial/ethnic minorities in the U.S.) are associated with systemically higher ARS, it causes concerns for research involving those groups. For this reason, it may be necessary to classify respondents as acquiescers or a nonacquiescers, which allows independent analysis or accounting for this stylistic artifact. However, this classification is challenging, because ARS is latent, observed only as a by-product of collected data. OBJECTIVES To propose a screener that identifies respondents as acquiescers. METHODS With survey data collected for ARS research, various ARS classification methods were compared for validity as well as implementation practicality. RESULTS The majority of respondents was classified consistently into acquiescers or nonacquiescers under various classification methods. CONCLUSIONS We propose a method based on illogical responses given to two balanced, theoretically distant multi-item measurement scales as a screener.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghee Lee
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Fernanda Alvarado-Leiton
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA.
| | - Wenshan Yu
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, 426 Thompson St, Ann Arbor, MI, 48104, USA
| | - Rachel Davis
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene St, Columbia, 29208, USA
| | - Timothy P Johnson
- Department of Public Administration, University of Illinois-Chicago, 412 S Peoria St, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA
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Hull LE, Natarajan P. Self-rated family health history knowledge among All of Us program participants. Genet Med 2022; 24:955-961. [PMID: 35058155 PMCID: PMC8995381 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Disparities in access to genetics services are well-documented. Family health history is routinely used to determine whether patients should be screened for heritable conditions. We sought to explore variation in levels of self-rated family health history knowledge as a possible contributer to this disparity. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of survey data from the All of Us Research Program. We compared the characteristics of participants who reported "None," "Some", and "A lot" of family health history knowledge using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Self-rated family health history data were available for 116,799 participants. A minority of survey participants (37%) endorsed "A lot" of knowledge about their family health history (n = 43,661). Most participants (60%) endorsed "Some" family health history knowledge (n = 69,914) and 3% (n = 3224) endorsed "None." In adjusted analyses, those who indicated "Some" family health history knowledge or "None" were more likely to be assigned male sex at birth, identify as possible gender and sexual minorities, have a self-reported race other than White, have a lower household annual income (<$25,000), or report lower educational attainment ( CONCLUSION Family health history knowledge may be limited, especially among traditionally underserved populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leland E Hull
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.
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Mitchell KJ, Banyard V, Ybarra ML. What Youth Think About Participating in Research About Exposure to Self-directed Violence. J Adolesc Health 2022; 70:666-672. [PMID: 34953678 PMCID: PMC10080379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To help reduce suicide and other forms of self-harm, research with youth and their exposure to self-directed violence is critical. Yet, we know little about how participants feel about taking part in a survey that asks about such exposure. The present article aims to understand the survey experience of youth and young adult participants in a study about exposure to self-directed violence. METHODS A total of 990 participants, aged 13-23 years, were recruited through study advertisements on Facebook and Instagram between November 27, 2020, and December 4, 2020. Data for this cross-sectional study were collected in the United States. RESULTS A total of 37.6% of participants felt somewhat upset from their survey experience, and 14.9% were upset or extremely upset with the highest levels of upset reported by cisgender sexual minority girls and gender minority youth. Lower odds of saying one's contributions were valuable were noted for cisgender sexual minority boys and gender minority youth compared to cisgender heterosexual boys, as well as youth who reported exposure to self-directed violence. Eight in 10 youth felt it was important to ask questions about self-directed violence exposure in surveys. CONCLUSIONS The research and practitioner communities should be particularly mindful of high-risk populations and identify innovative ways to better support and encourage their voice in research, as well as highlight the value of their participation. The results provide some guidance for those conducting research with youth on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly J Mitchell
- University of New Hampshire, Crimes against Children Research Center, Durham, New Hampshire.
| | - Victoria Banyard
- Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey: Rutgers School of Social Work and Center on Violence Against Women and Children, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Michele L Ybarra
- Center for Innovative Public Health Research, San Clemente, California
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Buskirk TD, Blakely BP, Eck A, McGrath R, Singh R, Yu Y. Sweet tweets! Evaluating a new approach for probability-based sampling of Twitter. EPJ Data Sci 2022; 11:9. [PMID: 35223365 PMCID: PMC8857877 DOI: 10.1140/epjds/s13688-022-00321-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As survey costs continue to rise and response rates decline, researchers are seeking more cost-effective ways to collect, analyze and process social and public opinion data. These issues have created an opportunity and interest in expanding the fit-for-purpose paradigm to include alternate sources such as passively collected sensor data and social media data. However, methods for accessing, sourcing and sampling social media data are just now being developed. In fact, there has been a small but growing body of literature focusing on comparing different Twitter data access methods through either the elaborate firehose or the free Twitter search or streaming APIs. Missing from the literature is a good understanding of how to randomly sample Tweets to produce datasets that are representative of the daily discourse, especially within geographical regions of interest, without requiring a census of all Tweets. This understanding is necessary for producing quality estimates of public opinion from social media sources such as Twitter. To address this gap, we propose and test the Velocity-Based Estimation for Sampling Tweets (VBEST) algorithm for selecting a probability based sample of tweets. We compare the performance of VBEST sample estimates to other methods of accessing Twitter through the Search API on the distribution of total Tweets as well as COVID-19 keyword incidence and frequency and find that the VBEST samples produce consistent and relatively low levels of overall bias compared to common methods of access through the Search API across many experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam Eck
- Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, USA
| | | | | | - Youzhi Yu
- Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, USA
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Blake KD, Gaysynsky A, Mayne RG, Seidenberg AB, Kaufman A, D'Angelo H, Roditis M, Vollinger RE. U.S. public opinion toward policy restrictions to limit tobacco product placement and advertising at point-of-sale and on social media. Prev Med 2022; 155:106930. [PMID: 34954242 PMCID: PMC8896313 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act granted the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authority to regulate tobacco advertising and promotion, including at the retail level, and preserved state, tribal, and local tobacco advertising and promotion authorities. Public health experts have proposed prohibiting point-of-sale tobacco advertisements and product displays, among other tobacco advertising restrictions. We examined the prevalence and correlates of public support, opposition, and neutrality toward proposed tobacco product placement and advertising restrictions at point-of-sale and on social media utilizing the National Cancer Institute's 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) (N = 3865), a cross-sectional, probability-based postal survey of U.S. addresses conducted from Feb 24, 2020 to June 15, 2020 (Bethesda, MD). Frequencies and unadjusted, weighted proportions were calculated for support, neutrality, and opposition toward the three policies under study, and weighted, adjusted multivariable logistic regression was employed to examine predictors of neutrality and opposition. Tests of significance were conducted at the p < 0.05 level. Sixty-two percent of U.S. adults supported a policy prohibiting tobacco product advertising on social media; 55% supported a policy restricting the location of tobacco product advertising at point-of-sale; and nearly 50% supported a policy to keep tobacco products out of view at the checkout counter. Neutrality and opposition varied by sociodemographic characteristics including age, sex, education, rurality, and presence of children in the household. Understanding public opinion toward tobacco product placement and advertising restrictions may inform policy planning and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly D Blake
- Health Communication and Informatics Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Anna Gaysynsky
- Health Communication and Informatics Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; ICF Next, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Rachel Grana Mayne
- Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew B Seidenberg
- Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Annette Kaufman
- Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Heather D'Angelo
- Health Communication and Informatics Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria Roditis
- Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert E Vollinger
- Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Cuccia AF, Patel M, Kierstead EC, Evans WD, Schillo BA. Associations of e-cigarette industry beliefs and e-cigarette use and susceptibility among youth and young adults in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 231:109126. [PMID: 35030507 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-industry sentiments are protective against smoking, but the relationship between industry beliefs and e-cigarette use remains unknown. METHODS A nationally representative survey of U.S. youth and young adults in Fall 2019 (n = 9554) assessed knowledge that e-cigarette and cigarette companies are the same, belief that e-cigarette companies lie about harm, and belief that tobacco companies want young people to vape. Weighted multivariate logistic regression models estimated odds of current use and susceptibility to use (among ever and never users) by industry knowledge and beliefs. Additional models assess association between industry knowledge and industry beliefs. All models controlled for harm perceptions, friend use, sensation seeking, combustible use, and demographic characteristics. RESULTS Disagreement that companies lie about harm (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)= 1.94, 95% CI: 1.43-2.63) and companies want young people to vape (aOR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.36-2.17) was associated with increased odds of current use. Belief that e-cigarette and cigarette companies were different entities was associated with increased odds of current use (aOR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.12-1.88). Disagreement or not knowing that companies are the same was associated with lower odds of believing companies lie about harm (disagreement aOR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.27-0.52; don't know aOR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.35-0.65) and belief that companies want young people to vape (disagreement aOR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.28-0.46; don't know aOR=0.54, 95% CI: 0.42-0.68). CONCLUSION Similar to cigarettes, e-cigarette industry beliefs were associated with current use among young people. Highlighting e-cigarettes' connection to Big Tobacco may be an important strategy to prevent youth and young adult e-cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison F Cuccia
- Truth Initiative Schroeder Institute, Washington, DC, USA; Department of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University Milken Institute of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Minal Patel
- Truth Initiative Schroeder Institute, Washington, DC, USA.
| | | | - W Douglas Evans
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University Milken Institute of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA.
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McKeirnan K, Supnet A, Capdeville C. Exploring the relationship between stress and student leadership among student pharmacists. Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2022; 14:46-55. [PMID: 35125194 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies show student pharmacists have a lower health-related quality of life than undergraduate students and are among the most stressed of the health profession students. The long-term effects of chronic stress on healthcare providers can lead to reduced productivity, increased turnover, and medical errors. The goal of this research was to gather information from students who participate in organizational leadership positions regarding their opinions of the benefits of the leadership positions and feelings about stress, burnout, and quality of life. METHODS Student pharmacists holding leadership positions were asked to complete an electronic survey. Survey questions were based on behavioral assessment instruments. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze demographic data and yes/no question responses. The Spearman Rho test was used to look for associations when comparing variables. RESULTS Sixty-four students completed the survey. There was a significant association between both self-reported lower quality of sleep and reduced time dedicated to leisure activities with holding concurrent positions (p = 0.021, p = 0.028, respectively). No significant relationship was found between the number of leadership positions held concurrently, satisfaction gained from those positions, professional year in pharmacy school, employment during didactic years, or self-perceived test taking performance. Student pharmacists reported taking on leadership positions in student organizations for a variety of reasons, including desire to improve skills, make connections, improve the profession, and gain experience. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacy faculty mentors may be able to utilize the results of this study to encourage student leaders and better understand the challenges that come with organization leadership positions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly McKeirnan
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 412 East Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA 99202-2131, United States.
| | - Adriel Supnet
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 412 East Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA 99202-2131, United States.
| | - Connor Capdeville
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 412 East Spokane Falls Blvd, Spokane, WA 99202-2131, United States.
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Duren M, Corrigan B, Ehsani J, Michael J. Modeling state preferences for Covid-19 policies: Insights from the first pandemic summer. J Transp Health 2021; 23:101284. [PMID: 34722155 PMCID: PMC8536522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2021.101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the COVID-19 pandemic, governments have experimented with a wide array of policies to further public health goals. This research offers an application of multilevel regression with post-stratification (MRP) analysis to assess state-level support for commonly implemented policies during the pandemic. METHODS We conducted a national survey of U.S. adults using The Harris Poll panel from June 17-29, 2020. Respondents reported their support for a set of measures that were being considered in jurisdictions in the U.S. at the time the survey was fielded. MRP analysis was then used to generate estimates of state-level support. RESULTS The research presented here suggests generally high levels of support for mask mandates and social distancing measures in June 2020-support that was consistent throughout the United States. In comparison, support for other policies, such as changes to the road environment to create safer spaces for walking and bicycling, had generally low levels of support throughout the country. This research also provides some evidence that higher support for coronavirus-related policies could be found in more populous states with large urban centers, recognizing that there was low variability across states. CONCLUSION This paper provides a unique application of MRP analysis in the public health field, uncovering noteworthy state-level patterns, and offering several avenues for future research. Future research could examine policy support at a small geographic level, such as by counties, to understand the distribution of support for public policies within states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Duren
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Bryce Corrigan
- Johns Hopkins Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Johnathon Ehsani
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Jeffrey Michael
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Havermans A, Pennings JLA, Hegger I, Elling JM, de Vries H, Pauwels CGGM, Talhout R. Awareness, use and perceptions of cigarillos, heated tobacco products and nicotine pouches: A survey among Dutch adolescents and adults. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 229:109136. [PMID: 34763136 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Many tobacco and related products (TRPs) are less strictly regulated and marketed as less harmful than cigarettes. Little is known about their awareness, use, user profile, use behavior, reasons for use and risk perception, especially for the newest products. In an exploratory survey study among Dutch adolescents and adults, we have investigated three examples of non-cigarette TRPs available on the worldwide market. METHODS In a two-step web-based design, data on cigarillos, heated tobacco products (HTPs) and nicotine pouches were collected. In the first step (N = 5805), a representative sample (≥13 years) was studied to quantify their awareness, ever and current use in the Dutch population. In the second step (N = 526), in-depth data regarding use behavior, reasons for use and risk perception were collected among users and non-users. RESULTS Awareness (<50%) and use (<15% ever use and <2% current use) is relatively low for all three products, but overall higher among men, (e-)cigarette users and respondents with higher education and social economic status. Most participants became aware of the products through people they knew. Reasons for use were mainly curiosity, pleasant taste, flavour variety, and lower harmfulness. All products were perceived as (slightly) less harmful and addictive than cigarettes. CONCLUSIONS This study is one of the first to investigate awareness and use of cigarillos, HTPs and nicotine pouches. To prevent increased use, we recommend regulators to extend flavour and smoking bans to these products. In addition, public information may discourage use by increasing awareness of health risks.
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