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Khan B, Shafiq H, Abbas S, Jabeen S, Khan SA, Afsar T, Almajwal A, Alruwaili NW, Al-Disi D, Alenezi S, Parveen Z, Razak S. Vitamin D status and its correlation to depression. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2022; 21:32. [PMID: 35982462 PMCID: PMC9389668 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-022-00406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D can influence more than 200 genes in various tissues showing its credibility among the fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamin D deficiency is directly proportional to major clinical conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, malignancy, and multiple sclerosis. This study was conducted to determine the vitamin D level of individuals and its association with depression. METHODS Vitamin D levels of 100 healthy and 100 depressed subjects were determined. The isolated subjects were screened on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scale and divided into three groups according to their age. Group-I comprised subjects of age 20 years and below, Group-II included subjects of age 21 to 60, and Group-III comprised subjects of ≥ 61 years of age. A sufficient level of vitamin D in normal subjects was noted, while mild deficiency of vitamin D status was observed in depressed subjects. RESULTS Our study has reported a higher percentage of vitamin D deficiency in the Peshawar region. The results of our study indicated that depression was common in individuals having vitamin D deficiency. CONCLUSIONS The study showed a very high frequency of vitamin D deficiency in subjects with depression in Peshawar, Pakistan. The deficiency of vitamin D was observed more in females as compared to males. Further studies should explicate whether the highly widespread vitamin D deficiency could be cost-effectively treated as part of preventive or treatment interventions for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashir Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Huma Shafiq
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University United Kingdom, Newcastle, England
| | - Seyyedha Abbas
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Summeira Jabeen
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sikandar Ali Khan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf W Alruwaili
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dara Al-Disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alenezi
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle University United Kingdom, Newcastle, England
| | | | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Shaheen G, Jahan S, Bibi N, Ullah A, Faryal R, Almajwal A, Afsar T, Al-Disi D, Abulmeaty M, Al Khuraif AA, Arshad M, Razak S. Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene variants with preeclampsia. Reprod Health 2021; 18:163. [PMID: 34321043 PMCID: PMC8320179 DOI: 10.1186/s12978-021-01213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex pregnancy hypertensive disorder with multifaceted etiology. The endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene and nitric oxide (NO) levels has been reported to be associated with PE predisposition in various populations. Therefore, present study was designed to investigate the role of NO levels and eNOS gene variants in preeclamptic women in Pakistan. Methods A total of 600 women were evaluated, 188 of PE with mild features, 112 of PE with severe features and 300 normotensive pregnant women. NO levels were detected by Greiss reaction method and genotyping following sequencing was conducted for eNOS gene variants. Further insilico studies were performed to get insights into the structural and functional impact of identifies mutation on eNOS protein as well as on protein regulation. Results Reduced concentrations of NO were reported in all PE groups (p < 0.05) as compared to controls. The frequency of c.894 T (p.298Asp) and g.-786C alleles were significantly associated with PE. In addition, novel homozygous variant g.2051G > A was also significantly associated with PE when compared to normotensive women. Dynamic simulation studies revealed that Glu298Asp mutation destabilize the protein molecule and decrease the overall stability of eNOS protein. Molecular docking analysis of mutant promoter with transcription factors STAT3 and STAT6 proposed changes in protein regulation upon these reported mutations in upstream region of the gene. Conclusion Considering the results of current study, the functional alterations induced by these variants may influence the bioavailability of NO and represents a genetic risk factor for increased susceptibility to PE. However, large studies or meta-analysis are necessary to validate these findings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12978-021-01213-9. Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex pregnancy hypertensive disorder with multifaceted etiology characterized by increased hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. The present study was directed to determine the role of eNOS in susceptibility to PE and the association of c.894G > T (p.(Glu298Asp), intron 4b/4a, g.-786 T > C and other possible variants of eNOS gene with preeclampsia in Pakistani population. Computational analysis of identified variants in the coding and non-coding region of the eNOS gene was also conducted to determine the change in gene regulation and further protein stability. A total of 600 women were evaluated, 188 with mild and 112 with PE with severe features PE with 300 normotensive pregnant women. NO levels and genotyping following sequencing was conducted for eNOS gene variants. Further insilico studies were performed to get insights into the structural and functional impact of identifies mutation on eNOS protein as well as on protein regulation. Data from the current study suggest that there might be other risk variants of the eNOS gene (g.2051G > A and g.1861G > A) and lower levels of serum NO that confers in an increased risk of PE. The detailed computational investigation further confirmed the deformities and changes in protein flexibility upon Glu298Asp. These structural alterations might be associated with preeclampsia. Variants in the promoter region of the eNOS gene further validate the change in gene regulation for the onset of disease. Identification of key structural and functional features in eNOS protein and gene regulatory region might be used for designing specific drugs for therapeutic purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Shaheen
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nousheen Bibi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Rani Faryal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ali Almajwal
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Community Health Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Community Health Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Dara Al-Disi
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Community Health Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Abulmeaty
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Community Health Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Al Khuraif
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Arshad
- Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, Dental Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Community Health Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Ullah H, Ullah F, Rehman O, Jahan S, Afsar T, Al-Disi D, Almajwal A, Razak S. Chronic exposure of bisphenol S (BPS) affect hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular activities in adult male rats: possible in estrogenic mode of action. Environ Health Prev Med 2021; 26:31. [PMID: 33678156 PMCID: PMC7938458 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-021-00954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The industrial revolution has resulted in increased synthesis and the introduction of a variety of compounds into the environment and their potentially hazardous effects have been observed in the biota. The present study was aimed to evaluate the potential endocrine-disrupting effects of chronic exposure to the low concentrations of bisphenol S (BPS) in male rats. Methods Weaning male Sprague-Dawley rats (22 days old) were either exposed to water containing 0.1% ethanol for control or different concentrations of BPS (0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L) in drinking water for 48 weeks in the chronic exposure study. After completion of the experimental period, animals were dissected and different parameters (hormone concentrations, histology of testis and epididymis, oxidative stress and level of antioxidant enzymes in the testis, daily sperm production (DSP), and sperm parameters) were determined. Results Results of the present study showed a significant alteration in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and relative reproductive organ weights. Oxidative stress in the testis was significantly elevated while sperm motility, daily sperm production, and the number of sperm in epididymis were reduced. Plasma testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations were reduced and estradiol levels were high in the 50 μg/L-exposed group. Histological observations involved a significant reduction in the epithelial height of the testis along with disrupted spermatogenesis, an empty lumen of the seminiferous tubules, and the caput region of the epididymis. Conclusion These results suggest that exposure to 5 and 50 μg/L of BPS for the chronic duration started from an early age can induce structural changes in testicular tissue architecture and endocrine alterations in the male reproductive system which may lead to infertility in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hizb Ullah
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faizan Ullah
- University of Science and Technology Bannu, Bannu, Pakistan
| | - Owais Rehman
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sarwat Jahan
- Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Afsar
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dara Al-Disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suhail Razak
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Al-Disi D, Ansari MGA, Sabico S, Wani K, Hussain SD, Elshafie MM, McTernan P, Al-Daghri NM. High glucose load and endotoxemia among overweight and obese Arab women with and without diabetes: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23211. [PMID: 33181703 PMCID: PMC7668447 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary intake influences gut microbiota activity. Nevertheless, there is a lack of evidence available that illustrates the acute effects of high glucose meal on metabolic endotoxemia. The present study assessed the acute impact of high glucose meal on endotoxemia and other clinical parameters in Saudi females with varying degrees of glycemia.The subjects were 64 consenting pre-menopausal women, grouped into 3: control [n = 14 lean, non-T2DM, BMI = 22.2 ± 2.2 kg/m]; overweight [n = 16, non-T2DM, BMI = 28.5 ± 1.5 kg/m] and T2DM [n = 34, BMI = 35.2 ± 7.7 kg/m]. After an overnight fast, all subjects were given a standardized high-glucose (75 g) meal. Anthropometrics were taken and blood samples were withdrawn at baseline and postprandial (0, 2 and 4-hours), serum glucose, endotoxin and lipid profile were quantified.At baseline, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and serum glucose levels were significantly higher (P values <.01) whereas significantly lower HDL-cholesterol levels (P < .01) were observed in T2DM subjects compared to other groups. Baseline endotoxin levels were highest in the overweight group (3.2 ± 1.1 mmol/L) as compared to control (2.0 ± 0.5 mmol/L) and T2DM (2.7 ± 1.2 mmol/L) (P = .046). HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, significantly decreased in the T2DM group after 2 hours (P values <.05), whereas unremarkable changes observed in other groups. Lastly, endotoxin levels significantly increased only in the overweight group (3.2 ± 1.1 vs 4.2 ± 1.4 mmol/L; P < .05), 4 hours postprandial.High glucose meal elevates endotoxemia only among overweight subjects and impairs dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Al-Disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University
| | | | - Shaun Sabico
- Riyadh Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaiser Wani
- Riyadh Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Danish Hussain
- Riyadh Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona M. Elshafie
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University
| | - Philip McTernan
- School of Science and Technology, Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, NG1 8NS, UK
| | - Nasser M. Al-Daghri
- Riyadh Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Ansari MGA, Hussain SD, Wani KA, Yakout SM, Al-Disi D, Alokail MS, Reginster JY, Al-Daghri NM. Influence of bone mineral density in circulating adipokines among postmenopausal Arab women. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 27:374-379. [PMID: 31889860 PMCID: PMC6933263 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis and osteopenia has a significant link with substantial fracture risk. Epidemiological data revealed a protective role of adipose tissue on bone biology in postmenopausal osteoporosis. The current study assessed the associations between select adipokines and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. A total of 175 Saudi postmenopausal women were selected and categorized based on their BMD (normal & low-BMD). Circulating levels of select adipokines (adiponectin, resistin, leptin, and adipsin), insulin, 25(OH)D and RANKl were determined using commercially available assay kits. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Overall and among low-BMD subjects, adiponectin consistently showed a significant inverse association with BMD (overall −0.34, p < 0.01; low BMD group −0.34, p < 0.01). In multiple regression, adiponectin (−0.29 ± 0.06, p < 0.00) and resistin (−0.08 ± 0.04, p < 0.05) were inversely significant with BMD overall, but after stratification the significance was lost for resistin (−0.05 ± 0.04, p < 0.224) whereas adiponectin remained (−0.22 ± 0.07, p < 0.02) in low-BMD subjects. Adipsin, leptin and lipocalin-2 showed no significant associations. Findings of the present study revealed that only adiponectin showed a significantly strong inverse association with low BMD, suggesting that insulin sensitivity may influence bone health in Arab postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ghouse Ahmed Ansari
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Danish Hussain
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kaiser Ahmed Wani
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sobhy M Yakout
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dara Al-Disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S Alokail
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nasser M Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Al-Hamdan R, Avery A, Salter A, Al-Disi D, Al-Daghri NM, McCullough F. Identification of Education Models to Improve Health Outcomes in Arab Women with Pre-Diabetes. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051113. [PMID: 31109110 PMCID: PMC6566809 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Few evaluations of interventions to delay or prevent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Saudi Arabia (SA) have been undertaken. The present study evaluates the impact of a 6-month intensive lifestyle modification intervention delivered in primary care. Females from SA with prediabetes, aged 18–55 years, were recruited with 190 participants eligible following screening and randomly allocated to receive a 3-month one-on-one, intensive lifestyle modification (intervention group (IG) n = 95) or standard guidance (control group (CG) n = 95). Participants completed questionnaires including demographic, dietary and physical activity data. Blood samples were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months. A total of 123 (74 IG (age 40.6 ± 9.8 years; body mass index (BMI) 31.2 ± 7.0 kg/m2) and 49 CG (age 40.6 ± 12.7 years; BMI 32.3 ± 5.4 kg/m2)) participants completed the study. After 6 months, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; primary endpoint) significantly improved in the IG than CG completers in between-group comparisons (p < 0.001). Comparison between groups showed significant improvements in overall energy intake, total and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol in favour of IG (p-values < 0.001, 0.04 and <0.001, respectively). BMI and weight change were not clinically significant in between group comparisons. A 6-month, intense one-on-one intervention in lifestyle modification significantly improves glycaemic and cardio metabolic profile of females living in SA with pre-diabetes delivered in a primary care setting. Longer duration studies, using the same intervention, may determine whether a meaningful weight loss secondary to improved diet can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Al-Hamdan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amanda Avery
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Andrew Salter
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Dara Al-Disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Nasser M Al-Daghri
- Chair for Biomarkers of Chronic Diseases, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fiona McCullough
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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Yakout SM, Alkahtani SA, Al-Disi D, Aljaloud KS, Khattak MNK, Alokail MS, Reginster JY, Sabico S, Al-Daghri NM. Coexistence of Pre-sarcopenia and Metabolic Syndrome in Arab Men. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 104:130-136. [PMID: 30251127 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-018-0477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present single-center observational study determined the prevalence and coexistence of sarcopenia, pre-sarcopenia, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among apparently healthy Arab men and whether having both conditions present a unique cardiometabolic profile that is distinct than having the conditions separately. METHODS A total of 471 out of 530 Arab men aged 20-77 years old were included after screening for the presence of pre-sarcopenia (ALM/ht2 < 7.26 kg/m2), sarcopenia (presence of both low muscle mass and low function), and MetS. MetS screening was done using the definition by the NCEP-ATP III. Based on the screening results, the participants were classified as control (normal) group (N = 328), MetS only (N = 73), pre-sarcopenia only (N = 64), and MetS + pre-sarcopenia (N = 6). RESULTS Pre-sarcopenia without MetS was observed in 64 participants (13.6%), while MetS without pre-sarcopenia was observed in 73 participants (15.5%). MetS + pre-sarcopenia was observed only in 6 participants (1.3%). None of the participants had sarcopenia. Age- and BMI-adjusted comparisons showed that those with MetS + pre-sarcopenia had the highest diastolic blood pressure and triglyceride levels as compared to all groups (p values < 0.001). MetS + pre-sarcopenia group also had the highest levels of glucose and the lowest lean arms-legs/BMI ratio than control and pre-sarcopenia groups (p values < 0.001 and 0.005, respectively). CONCLUSION The prevalence of pre-sarcopenia + MetS is low among young adult Arab men, but shows a unique cardiometabolic profile that is worse than those having only one of the conditions. Further investigations should be done among Arab women and the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhy M Yakout
- Prince Mutaib bin Abdullah Chair for Biomarkers Research on Osteoporosis, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaea A Alkahtani
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dara Al-Disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Aljaloud
- Department of Exercise Physiology, College of Sport Sciences and Physical Activity, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak Nawaz Khan Khattak
- Prince Mutaib bin Abdullah Chair for Biomarkers Research on Osteoporosis, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed S Alokail
- Prince Mutaib bin Abdullah Chair for Biomarkers Research on Osteoporosis, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jean-Yves Reginster
- Prince Mutaib bin Abdullah Chair for Biomarkers Research on Osteoporosis, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Shaun Sabico
- Prince Mutaib bin Abdullah Chair for Biomarkers Research on Osteoporosis, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M Al-Daghri
- Prince Mutaib bin Abdullah Chair for Biomarkers Research on Osteoporosis, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Harte AL, Tripathi G, Piya MK, Barber TM, Clapham JC, Al-Daghri N, Al-Disi D, Kumsaiyai W, Saravanan P, Fowler AE, O'Hare JP, Kumar S, McTernan PG. NFκB as a potent regulator of inflammation in human adipose tissue, influenced by depot, adiposity, T2DM status, and TNFα. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2013; 21:2322-30. [PMID: 23408599 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2012] [Revised: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Central obesity and sub-clinical inflammation increase metabolic risk, this study examined the intracellular inflammatory pathways in adipose tissue (AT) that contribute to this risk. DESIGN AND METHODS This study therefore addressed the influence of NFκB and JNK activation in human abdominal subcutaneous (AbdSc) and omental (Om) AT, the effect of adiposity, T2DM status and the role of TNFα in vitro, using molecular biology techniques. RESULTS Our data showed NFκB activity is increased in Om AT versus AbdSc AT (P<0.01), which was reversed with respect to depot specific activation of JNK (P<0.01). However, T2DM status appeared to preferentially activate NFκB (P<0.001) over JNK. Furthermore, in vitro studies showed recombinant human (rh) TNFα treated AbdSc adipocytes increased NFκB activity over time (2-48 h, P<0.05) whilst JNK activity reduced (2 h, 4 h, P<0.05); inhibitor studies supported a preferential role for NFκB as a modulator of TNFα secretion. CONCLUSIONS These studies suggest distinct changes in NFκB and JNK activation, dependent upon AT depot, adiposity and T2DM status, with in vitro use of rh TNFα leading to activation of NFκB. Consequently NFκB appears to play a central role in inflammatory mediated metabolic disease over JNK, highlighting NFκB as a potential key target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L Harte
- Division of Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Al-Disi D, Al-Daghri N, Khanam L, Al-Othman A, Al-Saif M, Sabico S, Chrousos G. Subjective sleep duration and quality influence diet composition and circulating adipocytokines and ghrelin levels in teen-age girls. Endocr J 2010; 57:915-23. [PMID: 20733266 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.k10e-145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the interplay between sleep duration and quality, diet and hormones of obesity may help design effective lifestyle intervention strategies. Here we studied such associations in lean and obese teen-aged Saudi girls. In this cross-sectional observational study, 126 girls (62 lean and 64 obese) aged 14 -18 years (16.5 ± 1.5) were evaluated. A general questionnaire, which included sleep and diet questions, was obtained and anthropometric measurements and overnight fasting blood samples for determination of glucose, lipid profile and serum levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin and ghrelin were collected. Subjects that slept < 5 hours/day had a higher percent of carbohydrate intake (p = 0.04) than those who slept > 7 hours/day. Adiponectin levels were higher in the lean than the obese group and increased in proportion to hours of sleep. Ghrelin had an inverse association with subjective sleep duration (p = 0.04), while resistin levels were directly proportional to it. Thus, the duration and quality of sleep influenced diet composition and the circulating levels of adipocytokines and ghrelin in adolescent girls. Long and uninterrupted sleep was associated with a better diet and a more favorable hormonal profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara Al-Disi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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