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Hennig F, Kemper D, Felix S, Yeter R, Potapov E, Starck C, Falk V, Knosalla C. Evolving Results in Post-VAD Heart Transplantation. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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2
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Hässig M, Kemper D, Liesegang A. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2017; 159:122-124. [DOI: 10.17236/sat00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Gassner M, Kemper D, Schwarz C, Yeter R, Staab D, Henning F, Pille C, Menk M, Falk V, Weber-Carstens S, Knosalla C. Successful Bridging to Lung Transplantation in Patients with Need of ECMO and Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: Report of Mid-Term Outcomes. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1598685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Gassner
- Anesthesiology and operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D. Kemper
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Schwarz
- Division of Cystic Fibrosis, Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Yeter
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - D. Staab
- Division of Cystic Fibrosis, Pediatric Pneumology and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - F. Henning
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Pille
- Anesthesiology and operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M. Menk
- Anesthesiology and operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - V. Falk
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S. Weber-Carstens
- Anesthesiology and operative Intensive Care Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Knosalla
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Schönfelder M, Hofmann H, Schulz T, Engl T, Kemper D, Mayr B, Rautenberg C, Oberhoffer R, Thieme D. Potential detection of low-dose transdermal testosterone administration in blood, urine, and saliva. Drug Test Anal 2016; 8:1186-1196. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Schönfelder
- Chair of Exercise Biology; Technical University of Munich; Germany
- Institute of Pathology; Technical University of Munich; Germany
| | - H. Hofmann
- Chair of Preventive Pediatrics; Technical University of Munich; Germany
| | - T. Schulz
- Chair of Preventive Pediatrics; Technical University of Munich; Germany
| | - T. Engl
- Chair of Preventive Pediatrics; Technical University of Munich; Germany
| | - D. Kemper
- Chair of Preventive Pediatrics; Technical University of Munich; Germany
| | - B. Mayr
- Research Institute of Molecular Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine; Paracelus Medical Private University; Salzburg Austria
| | - C. Rautenberg
- Institute of Doping Analysis und Sports Biochemistry Dresden; Kreischa Germany
| | - R. Oberhoffer
- Chair of Preventive Pediatrics; Technical University of Munich; Germany
| | - D. Thieme
- Institute of Doping Analysis und Sports Biochemistry Dresden; Kreischa Germany
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Gresle MM, Liu Y, Kilpatrick TJ, Kemper D, Wu QZ, Hu B, Fu QL, So KF, Sheng G, Huang G, Pepinsky B, Butzkueven H, Mi S. Blocking LINGO-1 in vivo reduces degeneration and enhances regeneration of the optic nerve. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2016; 2:2055217316641704. [PMID: 28607723 PMCID: PMC5433342 DOI: 10.1177/2055217316641704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Two ongoing phase II clinical trials (RENEW and SYNERGY) have been developed to test the efficacy of anti-LINGO-1 antibodies in acute optic neuritis and relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis, respectively. Across a range of experimental models, LINGO-1 has been found to inhibit neuron and oligodendrocyte survival, axon regeneration, and (re)myelination. The therapeutic effects of anti-LINGO-1 antibodies on optic nerve axonal loss and regeneration have not yet been investigated. Objective In this series of studies we investigate if LINGO-1 antibodies can prevent acute inflammatory axonal loss, and promote axonal regeneration after injury in rodent optic nerves. Methods The effects of anti-LINGO-1 antibody on optic nerve axonal damage were assessed using rodent myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and its effects on axonal regeneration were assessed in optic nerve crush injury models. Results In the optic nerve, anti-LINGO-1 antibody therapy was associated with improved optic nerve parallel diffusivity measures on MRI in mice with EAE and reduced axonal loss in rat EAE. Both anti-LINGO-1 antibody therapy and the genetic deletion of LINGO-1 reduced nerve crush-induced axonal degeneration and enhanced axonal regeneration. Conclusion These data demonstrate that LINGO-1 blockade is associated with axonal protection and regeneration in the injured optic nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Gresle
- Department of Medicine (RMH), University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yaou Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Trevor J Kilpatrick
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dennis Kemper
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Qi-Zhu Wu
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bing Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Qing-Ling Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | - Sha Mi
- Department of Discovery Neurobiology, Biogen, USA
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Wassilew K, Kemper D, Lachmann N, Niemann M, Schönemann C. Histopathological and Immunological Diagnostic Findings for Cardiac Allograft Antibody-Mediated Rejection Following Mechanical Circulatory Support. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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7
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Schubert S, Miera O, Hetzer R, Knosalla C, Kemper D, Photiadis J, Berger F. Long term results after pediatric heart transplantation - improved treatment strategies increase survival. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1393997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Dandel M, Knosalla C, Kemper D, Hetzer R. Assessment of Right Ventricular Adaptability to Loading Conditions Can Improve the Timing of Listing to Transplantation in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Yeter R, Pasic M, Hübler M, Dandel M, Hiemann N, Kemper D, Wellnhofer E, Hetzer R, Knosalla C. Extended donor criteria in heart transplantation: 4-year results of the experience with the Organ Care system. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1367305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Dandel M, Kemper D, Knosalla C, Lehmkuhl H, Hetzer R. Predictive Value of Right Ventricular Function for Transplant-Free Survival with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Eschborn J, Kemper D, Schönemann C, Knosalla C, Hetzer R, Hiemann N. Effects of Anti-HLA Antibodies Present before Heart Transplantation on Survival, Acute Cellular Rejection and Coronary Allograft Vasculopathy: A Single Center Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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12
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Munro KM, Dixon KJ, Gresle MM, Jonas A, Kemper D, Doherty W, Fabri LJ, Owczarek CM, Pearse M, Boyd AW, Kilpatrick TJ, Butzkueven H, Turnley AM. EphA4 receptor tyrosine kinase is a modulator of onset and disease severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). PLoS One 2013; 8:e55948. [PMID: 23390555 PMCID: PMC3563632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The EphA4 receptor tyrosine kinase is a major regulator of axonal growth and astrocyte reactivity and is a possible inflammatory mediator. Given that multiple sclerosis (MS) is primarily an inflammatory demyelinating disease and in mouse models of MS, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), axonal degeneration and reactive gliosis are prominent clinical features, we hypothesised that endogenous EphA4 could play a role in modulating EAE. EAE was induced in EphA4 knockout and wildtype mice using MOG peptide immunisation and clinical severity and histological features of the disease were then compared in lumbar spinal cord sections. EphA4 knockout mice exhibited a markedly less severe clinical course than wildtype mice, with a lower maximum disease grade and a slightly later onset of clinical symptoms. Numbers of infiltrating T cells and macrophages, the number and size of the lesions, and the extent of astrocytic gliosis were similar in both genotypes; however, EphA4 knockout mice appeared to have decreased axonal pathology. Blocking of EphA4 in wildtype mice by administration of soluble EphA4 (EphA4-Fc) as a decoy receptor following induction of EAE produced a delay in onset of clinical symptoms; however, most mice had clinical symptoms of similar severity by 22 days, indicating that EphA4 blocking treatment slowed early EAE disease evolution. Again there were no apparent differences in histopathology. To determine whether the role of EphA4 in modulating EAE was CNS mediated or due to an altered immune response, MOG primed T cells from wildtype and EphA4 knockout mice were passively transferred into naive recipient mice and both were shown to induce disease of equivalent severity. These results are consistent with a non-inflammatory, CNS specific, deleterious effect of EphA4 during neuroinflammation that results in axonal pathology.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Astrocytes/immunology
- Astrocytes/pathology
- Axons/immunology
- Axons/pathology
- Cell Movement
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Female
- Gene Deletion
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments/immunology
- Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments/pharmacology
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/immunology
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein/pharmacology
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Receptor, EphA4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, EphA4/genetics
- Receptor, EphA4/immunology
- Severity of Illness Index
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/immunology
- Spinal Cord/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes/transplantation
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M. Munro
- Centre for Neuroscience Research, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kirsty J. Dixon
- Centre for Neuroscience Research, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Melissa M. Gresle
- Department of Medicine, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anna Jonas
- MS Division, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dennis Kemper
- MS Division, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - William Doherty
- MS Division, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Andrew W. Boyd
- Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland
| | - Trevor J. Kilpatrick
- Centre for Neuroscience Research, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- MS Division, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helmut Butzkueven
- Department of Medicine, Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ann M. Turnley
- Centre for Neuroscience Research, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Feyer D, Kemper D, Reist M, Kaufmann T. Blauzungenkrankheit: Einfluss der Impfung 2008 auf die Fruchtbarkeit in Milchviehherden mit Bestandesbetreuung. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2013; 153:257-62. [DOI: 10.1024/0036-7281/a000199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Scheifele PM, Johnson MT, Kretschmer L, Clark JG, Kemper D, Potty G. Ambient habitat noise and vibration at the Georgia Aquarium. J Acoust Soc Am 2012; 132:EL88-EL94. [PMID: 22894321 DOI: 10.1121/1.4734387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Underwater and in-air noise evaluations were completed in performance pool systems at Georgia Aquarium under normal operating conditions and with performance sound tracks playing. Ambient sound pressure levels at in-pool locations, with corresponding vibration measures from life support system (LSS) pumps, were measured in operating configurations, from shut down to full operation. Results indicate noise levels in the low frequency ranges below 100 Hz were the highest produced by the LSS relative to species hearing thresholds. The LSS had an acoustic impact of about 10 dB at frequencies up to 700 Hz, with a 20 dB re 1 μPa impact above 1000 Hz.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Scheifele
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders and College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3202 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0379, USA.
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Hiemann N, Grimmer S, Kemper D, Knosalla C, Hetzer R. Tuberculous meningitis in a lung transplanted patient. Transpl Infect Dis 2012; 14:E19-22. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2012.00736.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N.E. Hiemann
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery; Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin; Berlin; Germany
| | - S. Grimmer
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Berlin; Germany
| | - D. Kemper
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery; Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin; Berlin; Germany
| | - C. Knosalla
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery; Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin; Berlin; Germany
| | - R. Hetzer
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery; Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin; Berlin; Germany
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Hiemann N, Wassilew K, Kemper D, Hetzer R. 808 Antibody-Mediated Rejection in Cardiac Transplant Recipients Is a Seasonal Disease. J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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17
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Dandel M, Lehmkuhl H, Knosalla C, Kemper D, Hetzer R. 679 Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Diagnosed beyond the Age of 50 Year Have Usually Less Survival Benefit from Transplantation Than from Medical Treatment. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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18
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Dandel M, Lehmkuhl H, Knosalla C, Kemper D, Hetzer R. 311 Prediction of Short-Term Course of Right Heart Failure in Transplant Candidates with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. J Heart Lung Transplant 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2011.01.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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19
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Binder MD, Xiao J, Kemper D, Ma GZM, Murray SS, Kilpatrick TJ. Gas6 increases myelination by oligodendrocytes and its deficiency delays recovery following cuprizone-induced demyelination. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17727. [PMID: 21423702 PMCID: PMC3053381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Current research has shown that at least in some cases, the primary insult in MS could be directed at the oligodendrocyte, and that the earliest immune responses are primarily via innate immune cells. We have identified a family of receptor protein tyrosine kinases, known as the TAM receptors (Tyro3, Axl and Mertk), as potentially important in regulating both the oligodendrocyte and immune responses. We have previously shown that Gas6, a ligand for the TAM receptors, can affect the severity of demyelination in mice, with a loss of signalling via Gas6 leading to decreased oligodendrocyte survival and increased microglial activation during cuprizone-induced demyelination. We hypothesised TAM receptor signalling would also influence the extent of recovery in mice following demyelination. A significant effect of the absence of Gas6 was detected upon remyelination, with a lower level of myelination after 4 weeks of recovery in comparison with wild-type mice. The delay in remyelination was accompanied by a reduction in oligodendrocyte numbers. To understand the molecular mechanisms that drive the observed effects, we also examined the effect of exogenous Gas6 in in vitro myelination assays. We found that Gas6 significantly increased myelination in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that TAM receptor signalling could be directly involved in myelination by oligodendrocytes. The reduced rate of remyelination in the absence of Gas6 could thus result from a lack of Gas6 at a critical time during myelin production after injury. These findings establish Gas6 as an important regulator of both CNS demyelination and remyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele D Binder
- Multiple Sclerosis Division, Florey Neuroscience Institutes, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Abstract
Trade-offs between reproduction and other energy-requiring activities are present in insects. However, feeding and reproduction are not often thought to be trade-offs, although in small insects space may be limiting for both ingestion of food and egg development. This study characterised the structure of the digestive system of radicicolae Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae) to investigate how feeding and egg development occur in this species. Using light and electron microscopy, the midgut of D. vitifoliae was observed to be composed of anterior and posterior regions, separated by a hindgut connection. The midgut is compressed during the development of parthenogenetically produced eggs in adults; individual eggs are ~30% of the adult length and in volume internally occupy 3–5% of the body cavity. The midgut posterior chamber is suggested to be essential for the continual supply of energy during periods of reduced food intake. The presence of the hindgut and an anal opening indicated that waste excretion through the anus was physiologically possible, although honeydew excretion was not observed. The structure of the digestive system of radicicolae D. vitifoliae is atypical, containing adaptations that may assist the survival of the monophagous insect during dispersal events to a new Vitis food source.
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Cate HS, Sabo JK, Merlo D, Kemper D, Aumann TD, Robinson J, Merson TD, Emery B, Perreau VM, Kilpatrick TJ. Modulation of bone morphogenic protein signalling alters numbers of astrocytes and oligodendroglia in the subventricular zone during cuprizone-induced demyelination. J Neurochem 2010; 115:11-22. [PMID: 20193041 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The adult subventricular zone (SVZ) is a potential source of precursor cells to replace neural cells lost during demyelination. To better understand the molecular events that regulate neural precursor cell responsiveness in this context we undertook a microarray and quantitative PCR based analysis of genes expressed within the SVZ during cuprizone-induced demyelination. We identified an up-regulation of the genes encoding bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4) and its receptors. Immunohistochemistry confirmed an increase in BMP4 protein levels and also showed an increase in phosphorylated SMAD 1/5/8, a key component of BMP4 signalling, during demyelination. In vitro analysis revealed that neural precursor cells isolated from demyelinated animals, as well as those treated with BMP4, produce more astrocytes. Similarly, there were increased numbers of astrocytes in vivo within the SVZ during demyelination. Intraventricular infusion of Noggin, an endogenous antagonist of BMP4, during cuprizone-induced demyelination reduced pSMAD1/5/8, decreased astrocyte numbers and increased oligodendrocyte numbers in the SVZ. Our results suggest that lineage commitment of SVZ neural precursor cells is altered during demyelination and that BMP signalling plays a role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly S Cate
- Centre for Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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22
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Cate HS, Wu QZ, Kemper D, Merlo D, Wang HX, Fang K, Egan GF, Kilpatrick TJ. Influence of methylprednisolone on magnetic resonance and histological measures during cuprizone-induced demyelination. Neurosci Lett 2010; 483:47-52. [PMID: 20674674 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
MRI is widely used for routine assessment of the progression of white matter injury while patients receive therapeutic agents, such as the glucocorticoid agonist methylprednisolone (MP). Given this, it is important to determine whether MRI parameters are altered by MP treatment in the absence of changes in cellular and myelin pathology. In this study, we compared magnetic resonance and histological measures during myelin injury in mice with and without short duration MP administration. Mice were scanned with a 4.7T MRI scanner before and after MP or vehicle injections using T2WI and DTI sequences and histology was performed on the brains following the second scan. Comparison of post-injection to pre-injection MRI showed a reduced T2WI intensity in the CC and an attenuated response in ADC|| and ADC perpendicular in the MP group in comparison with the vehicle group. However, quantitative analyses of myelin staining, neurofilament intensity and oligodendrocyte and microglial density were not different between the MP and the vehicle groups, indicating that the short duration MP treatment did not alter cellular and myelin pathology. These data suggest that MP could confound the validity of paraclinical measures such as ADC|| and ADC perpendicular that are otherwise being touted as markers of either axonal integrity or myelin repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly S Cate
- Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Dandel M, Lehmkuhl H, Siniawski H, Knosalla C, Kemper D, Hetzer R. 470: Discordance between Morphological and Functional Alterations during Cardiac Allograft Rejection: Diagnostic Value of Myocardial Wall Motion and Deformation Imaging. J Heart Lung Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2009.11.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Dandel M, Lehmkuhl H, Kemper D, Knosalla C, Hetzer R. Survival benefits of medical treatment exceed those of transplantation in patients with severe idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension diagnosed beyond the age of 50. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1246624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Debus B, Baretti R, Kemper D, Knosalla C, Lehmkuhl HB, Hetzer R. Pre-operative anti-arrhythmic medication of cardiac transplant recipients is without impact on sinus rhythm after heart transplantation. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1191490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Wu QZ, Yang Q, Cate HS, Kemper D, Binder M, Wang HX, Fang K, Quick MJ, Marriott M, Kilpatrick TJ, Egan GF. MRI identification of the rostral-caudal pattern of pathology within the corpus callosum in the cuprizone mouse model. J Magn Reson Imaging 2008; 27:446-53. [PMID: 17968901 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.21111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize and compare histological and MRI-based changes within the corpus callosum (CC) in the cuprizone mouse model of multiple sclerosis (MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 12 C57/BL6 mice were fed cuprizone from eight weeks of age for four weeks. One cohort of six cuprizone and two control mice were scanned with a T2-weighted (T2W) sequence. The other cohort of six cuprizone and four control mice were scanned using a dual-echo sequence for T2-mapping and a diffusion-weighted sequence with two orthogonal diffusion encoding directions to calculate water diffusivities parallel and perpendicular to the CC fiber (apparent diffusion coefficients [ADC](parallel) and ADC(perpendicular)). After the mice were killed, the rostral-caudal pattern of CC demyelination and other pathologies were examined using Luxol Fast Blue, neurofilament staining, and immunohistochemistry for microglia and were correlated with MRI. RESULTS In contrast to control mice, T2W imaging (T2WI) hyperintensity, reduced ADC(parallel), and elevated ADC(perpendicular) were detected in the CC of cuprizone-fed mice, particularly in the caudal segment. The T2 value was increased in the entire CC. Marked demyelination, as well as axonal injury, microglia accumulation, and cellular infiltration were found in the caudal section of the cuprizone mouse CC. The rostral-caudal pattern of abnormalities within the CC in MRI measurements correlated well with histopathological findings. CONCLUSION Noninvasive MRI using quantitative T2 and ADC mapping accurately characterized the rostral-caudal pattern of CC demyelination and other pathologies in cuprizone challenged mice, and thus could provide an effective way to assess the structural response to experimental therapeutics being designed for the treatment of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Zhu Wu
- Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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27
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Marriott MP, Emery B, Cate HS, Binder MD, Kemper D, Wu Q, Kolbe S, Gordon IR, Wang H, Egan G, Murray S, Butzkueven H, Kilpatrick TJ. Leukemia inhibitory factor signaling modulates both central nervous system demyelination and myelin repair. Glia 2008; 56:686-98. [PMID: 18293407 DOI: 10.1002/glia.20646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor signaling limits the severity of inflammatory demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a T-cell dependent animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS) [Butzkueven et al. (2002) Nat Med 8:613-619]. To identify whether LIF exerts direct effects within the central nervous system to limit demyelination, we have studied the influence of LIF upon the phenotype of mice challenged with cuprizone, a copper chelator, which produces a toxic oligodendrocytopathy. We find that exogenously administered LIF limits cuprizone-induced demyelination. Knockout mice deficient in LIF exhibit both potentiated demyelination and oligodendrocyte loss after cuprizone challenge, an effect that is ameliorated by exogenous LIF, arguing for a direct beneficial effect of endogenous LIF receptor signaling. Numbers of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in cuprizone-challenged mice are not influenced by either exogenous LIF or LIF deficiency, arguing for effects directed to the differentiated oligodendrocyte. Studies on the influence of LIF upon remyelination after cuprizone challenge fail to reveal any significant effect of exogenous LIF. The LIF-knockout mice do, however, display impaired remyelination, although oligodendrocyte replenishment, previously identified to occur from the progenitor pool, is not significantly compromised. Thus endogenous LIF receptor signaling is not only protective of oligodendrocytes but can also enhance remyelination, and exogenous LIF has therapeutic potential in limiting the consequences of oligodendrocyte damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark P Marriott
- Howard Florey Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Hanitsch L, Kemper D, Lehmkuhl H, Grauhan O, Mulhasanovic S, Hetzer R, Witt C. Lungentransplantation bei Patienten mit systemischer Sklerose –2 neue Kasuistiken. Pneumologie 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1074144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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29
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Baretti R, Debus B, Kemper D, Knosalla C, Lehmkuhl H, Hetzer R. 72: Sinus Rhythm after Heart Transplantation Denotes Favorable Course. J Heart Lung Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2007.11.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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30
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Dandel M, Lehmkuhl H, Mulahasanovic S, Weng Y, Kemper D, Grauhan O, Knosalla C, Hetzer R. Survival with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension – once right heart failure emerges: Benefits of transplantation vs. medical treatment. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1037903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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31
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Schmidt B, Lehmkuhl H, Hanitsch L, Knosalla C, Kemper D, Hetzer R, Witt C. Temporäre Stentversorgung von Bronchusstenosen nach Lungentransplantation – erste Erfahrungen mit einem neuen Stent. Pneumologie 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-973320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Drews T, Kemper D, Jurmann M, Hennig E, Weng Y, Pasic M, Hetzer R. Coagulation management and mechanical circulatory support: a comparison of different devices. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-862112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Dandel M, Kemper D, Lehmkuhl H, Hummel M, Knosalla C, Hetzer R. Late acute cardiac rejections in pediatric heart transplantation: incidence and impact on long-term outcome. J Heart Lung Transplant 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2003.11.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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34
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Mueller J, Weng Y, Drews T, Kemper D, Potapov E, Jurmann M, Hetzer R. Clinical application of a wear-resistant axial flow pump with an intelligent control algorithm as left ventricular assist devivce (LVAD). J Heart Lung Transplant 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2003.11.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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35
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Drews T, Jurmann M, Kemper D, Pasic M, Weng Y, Hetzer R. Outpatients on mechanical circulatory support: experience with over 80 patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2003.11.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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36
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Drews T, M�ller J, Kemper D, Jurmann M, Weng Y, Hetzer R. Coagulation management in patients with an implantable axial flow left ventricular assist device. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-816706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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37
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Dandel M, Kemper D, Weng Y, Mulahasanovic S, Lehmkuhl H, Schulz B, Bettmann M, B�ttcher H, Hetzer R. Transplantation and preoperative treatment with prostacyclin analogs for primary pulmonary hypertension: Benefits and impact on patients survival. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-816681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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38
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Lehmkuhl H, Kemper D, Lehmkuhl E, Dandel M, Grauhan O, Knosalla C, Regitz-Zagrosek V, Hetzer R. Effect of donor gender on graft survival following orthotopic heart transplantation. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2004. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-816846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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39
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Dandel M, Kemper D, Weng Y, Hummel M, Mulahasanovic S, Kapell S, Lehmkuhl H, Hetzer R. Primary pulmonary hypertension: survival benefits of therapy with prostacyclin analogs and transplantation. Transplant Proc 2003; 35:2117-20. [PMID: 14529860 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(03)00750-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Dandel
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Dandel M, Kemper D, Weng Y, Lehmkuhl H, Hummel M, Hetzer R. Therapy with prostanoids and transplantation in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. J Heart Lung Transplant 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-2498(02)01034-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine outcome of horses with osteomyelitis of the sustentaculum tali (ST), with or without associated tarsal sheath tenosynovitis, following surgical debridement and lavage. DESIGN Retrospective study. ANIMALS 10 horses in which a diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the ST had been made on the basis of history, physical examination findings, and results of radiography. PROCEDURE Information on results of diagnostic testing, surgical findings, postoperative treatment, and short-term outcome was obtained from the medical records. Long-term follow-up information was obtained through reevaluation of horses at the teaching hospital and telephone conversations with referring veterinarians, owners, and trainers. RESULTS Treatment consisted of surgical debridement, intra- and postoperative lavage, and long-term antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory treatment. Eight horses had evidence of involvement of the tarsal sheath. One horse was euthanatized after surgery because of a lack of response to treatment; the other 9 were discharged from the hospital. Severity of lameness had improved, but all still had grade-1 or -2 lameness at the time of discharge. One horse was euthanatized after discharge because of contralateral hind limb laminitis, and another horse was lost to follow-up. Of the remaining 7 horses, 6 returned to their previous use, and 1 was sound but retired for breeding for unrelated reasons. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggest that horses with osteomyelitis of the ST, with or without concomitant tarsal sheath tenosynovitis, can have an excellent to good outcome and may return to their previous use after surgical debridement of affected tissues and lavage of the tarsal sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Hand
- Texas Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4475, USA
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Wilhelm MJ, Hammel D, Schmid C, Stypmann J, Asfour B, Kemper D, Schmidt C, Morley D, Noon GP, Debakey ME, Scheld HH. Clinical experience with nine patients supported by the continuous flow Debakey VAD. J Heart Lung Transplant 2001; 20:201. [PMID: 11250355 DOI: 10.1016/s1053-2498(00)00427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M J. Wilhelm
- 1University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany; 2MicroMed Technology, Inc., Houston, TX, USA; 3Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment of dry eyes with artificial tears often fails. We differentiated the disturbances of the three layers of the tear film in 90 such patients. This showed that only 11.1% had aqueous deficiency, while 42.3% had combined disturbances of different layers of the tear film, and 76.7% had lipid deficiencies. PATIENTS AND METHODS We now studied the efficacy of a therapeutic approach, which intended to stabilize each individual deficiency of the three layers of the tear film (follow-up > or = 6 months). The medical history, visual acuity, slit lamp examination, rose bengal stains and fluorescein stains, Schirmer test, break-up time (BUT), dye tests, impression cytology, and lid transillumination were analyzed. RESULTS Therapy was beneficial in all patients (n = 90) with regard to the symptoms and the objective parameters. Artificial tears applied strictly were without preservatives. Patients with toxic conjunctivitis induced by high dosages of eye drops were often stabilized through withdrawing the medication. The frequency of applying artificial tears was significantly tapered by punctum plugs and -coagulation. Tarsorrhapies were helpful in the most severe cases. Topical retinoids significantly reduced the symptoms and increased the goblet cell density. Treating chronic blepharitis was very sufficient, when initiated by topical steroids and Tetracycline, and systemical Doxycycline. CONCLUSIONS Differentiating the disturbances of the three tear film layers in "sicca syndrome", and stabilizing each component is more effective than artificial tears alone.
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Anellis A, Berkowitz D, Kemper D. Comparative Radiation Death Kinetics of Clostridium botulinum Spores at Low-Temperature Gamma Irradiation. J Food Prot 1977; 40:313-316. [PMID: 30731631 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x-40.5.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Spores of Clostridium botulinum 33A were irradiated with 60Co gamma rays in 0.067 M Sorensen phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) at -196, -140, -80, -30, or 5 C and incubated in recovery broth for 30 days at 30 C, thus simulating an inoculated pack and eliciting "partial spoilage" data. Resistance of the spores decreased linearly with increasing temperature. A simple empirical equation was derived to predict D values for any desired temperature. An Arrhenius plot of the D value-radiation temperature profile indicated that the death kinetics is not first order. Comparison of the data in this model system with those previously observed in beef indicates a similar radiation death pattern, except that resistance of the spores was somewhat more (1.6-fold) temperature dependent, although significantly more resistant, in the beef. A comparison of the D value-temperature relationship of Streptoccus faecium a21, obtained earlier, with strain 33A in the same model system indicated that the spores were considerably less resistant below -20 C and much more resistant above this radiation temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abe Anellis
- Food Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Army Natick Research and Development Command, Natick, Massachusetts 01760
| | - D Berkowitz
- Food Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Army Natick Research and Development Command, Natick, Massachusetts 01760
| | - D Kemper
- Food Sciences Laboratory, U.S. Army Natick Research and Development Command, Natick, Massachusetts 01760
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Abstract
A total of 36 microorganisms, comprising 19 species of 11 genera, were screened for radiation resistance with (60)Co gamma rays at a radiation temperatore of -80 +/- 2 C in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) under vacuum. Micrococcus radiodurans was the most resistant organism. An initial population of 2.8 x 10(5) cells per dose of this species survived 2.4 but not 2.7 Mrad. Of the remaining 18 species with initial populations of about 10(6) cells per dose, Streptococcus faecium survived 0.9 to 1.5 Mrad, depending on the strain tested. S. faecalis QM survived 0.9 but not 1.2 Mrad. S. faecalis 1539 and Alcaligenes faecallis survived 0.6 but not 0.9 Mrad. Three species of Salmonella, one strain each of Escherichia coli, Streptococcus lactis, and Aerobacter aerogenes survived 0.3 but not 0.6 Mrad. The remaining 22 bacteria did not survive 0.3 Mrad, the lowest dose tested. Detailed survival curve determinations for four strains of S. faecium, the most resistant of the test bacteria of public health significance, indicated the following order of resistance at -80 C: alpha21 > theta12 = F(6) > FEC. Each strain produced two exponential survival curves with different slopes, the breaks occurring at 0.3 to 0.5 Mrad. The D values (doses which reduce the microbial population by 90%) of the more resistant cell fractions were two- to three-fold higher than the more sensitive cell fraction. The resistance of strain alpha21 was determined at different radiation temperature (+5, -30, -80, -140, -196 C). The D value-radiation temperature relationship followed a quadratic equation. Computations of E(a) and Q(10) values (activation energy and temperature coefficient, respectively) showed a very small thermodynamic effect on radiation death. An Arrhenius evaluation of the temperature effect on cell kill indicated that there was no simple physicochemical mechanism which might explain the change in D value as a function of temperature.
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Anellis A, Berkowitz D, Kemper D, Rowley DB. Production of types A and B spores of Clostridium botulinum by the biphasic method: effect on spore population, radiation resistance, and toxigenicity. Appl Microbiol 1972; 23:734-9. [PMID: 4111814 PMCID: PMC380427 DOI: 10.1128/am.23.4.734-739.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Spores of three strains each of type A and type B Clostridium botulinum were produced both by a biphasic (solid medium overlaid with an aqueous phase) and by a "conventional" (deep broth culture) procedure. Sporogenesis by the biphasic system was more rapid, convenient, and economical, and yielded as many or more heat-resistant (80 C, 10 min) spores per milliliter as by the conventional technique. Of several aqueous phases [thiamine-hydrochloride, yeast extract, (NH(4))(2)SO(4)] tested with strain 62A, the highest spore colony counts were obtained with 2.0% (NH(4))(2)SO(4). The six strains formed maximum spore numbers in 5 to 6 days of incubation. Spores produced by the two methods had essentially equal radiation resistances (D and lag values), and their subcultures gave similar toxin titers (LD(50) values).
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