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Kang J, Postigo-Fernandez J, Kim K, Zhu C, Yu J, Meroni M, Mayfield B, Bartolomé A, Dapito DH, Ferrante AW, Dongiovanni P, Valenti L, Creusot RJ, Pajvani UB. Notch-mediated hepatocyte MCP-1 secretion causes liver fibrosis. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e165369. [PMID: 36752206 PMCID: PMC9977430 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.165369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have increased expression of liver monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), but its cellular source and contribution to various aspects of NASH pathophysiology remain debated. We demonstrated increased liver CCL2 (which encodes MCP-1) expression in patients with NASH, and commensurately, a 100-fold increase in hepatocyte Ccl2 expression in a mouse model of NASH, accompanied by increased liver monocyte-derived macrophage (MoMF) infiltrate and liver fibrosis. To test repercussions of increased hepatocyte-derived MCP-1, we generated hepatocyte-specific Ccl2-knockout mice, which showed reduced liver MoMF infiltrate as well as decreased liver fibrosis. Forced hepatocyte MCP-1 expression provoked the opposite phenotype in chow-fed wild-type mice. Consistent with increased hepatocyte Notch signaling in NASH, we observed a close correlation between markers of Notch activation and CCL2 expression in patients with NASH. We found that an evolutionarily conserved Notch/recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin kappa J region binding site in the Ccl2 promoter mediated transactivation of the Ccl2 promoter in NASH diet-fed mice. Increased liver MoMF infiltrate and liver fibrosis seen in opposite gain-of-function mice was ameliorated with concomitant hepatocyte Ccl2 knockout or CCR2 inhibitor treatment. Hepatocyte Notch activation prompts MCP-1-dependent increase in liver MoMF infiltration and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinku Kang
- Department of Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, and
| | - Jorge Postigo-Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, and
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - KyeongJin Kim
- Department of Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, and
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, and Research Center for Controlling Intercellular Communication (RCIC), Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Changyu Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, and
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Junjie Yu
- Department of Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, and
| | - Marica Meroni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Brent Mayfield
- Department of Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, and
| | - Alberto Bartolomé
- Department of Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, and
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Paola Dongiovanni
- General Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Valenti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Precision Medicine Lab, Biological Resource Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Remi J. Creusot
- Department of Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, and
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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2
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Filliol A, Saito Y, Nair A, Dapito DH, Yu LX, Ravichandra A, Bhattacharjee S, Affo S, Fujiwara N, Su H, Sun Q, Savage TM, Wilson-Kanamori JR, Caviglia JM, Chin L, Chen D, Wang X, Caruso S, Kang JK, Amin AD, Wallace S, Dobie R, Yin D, Rodriguez-Fiallos OM, Yin C, Mehal A, Izar B, Friedman RA, Wells RG, Pajvani UB, Hoshida Y, Remotti HE, Arpaia N, Zucman-Rossi J, Karin M, Henderson NC, Tabas I, Schwabe RF. Opposing roles of hepatic stellate cell subpopulations in hepatocarcinogenesis. Nature 2022; 610:356-365. [PMID: 36198802 PMCID: PMC9949942 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide, develops almost exclusively in patients with chronic liver disease and advanced fibrosis1,2. Here we interrogated functions of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the main source of liver fibroblasts3, during hepatocarcinogenesis. Genetic depletion, activation or inhibition of HSCs in mouse models of HCC revealed their overall tumour-promoting role. HSCs were enriched in the preneoplastic environment, where they closely interacted with hepatocytes and modulated hepatocarcinogenesis by regulating hepatocyte proliferation and death. Analyses of mouse and human HSC subpopulations by single-cell RNA sequencing together with genetic ablation of subpopulation-enriched mediators revealed dual functions of HSCs in hepatocarcinogenesis. Hepatocyte growth factor, enriched in quiescent and cytokine-producing HSCs, protected against hepatocyte death and HCC development. By contrast, type I collagen, enriched in activated myofibroblastic HSCs, promoted proliferation and tumour development through increased stiffness and TAZ activation in pretumoural hepatocytes and through activation of discoidin domain receptor 1 in established tumours. An increased HSC imbalance between cytokine-producing HSCs and myofibroblastic HSCs during liver disease progression was associated with increased HCC risk in patients. In summary, the dynamic shift in HSC subpopulations and their mediators during chronic liver disease is associated with a switch from HCC protection to HCC promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aveline Filliol
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoshinobu Saito
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ajay Nair
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dianne H Dapito
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Le-Xing Yu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aashreya Ravichandra
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Silvia Affo
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hua Su
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Qiuyan Sun
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas M Savage
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John R Wilson-Kanamori
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jorge M Caviglia
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - LiKang Chin
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Widener University, Chester, PA, USA
| | - Dongning Chen
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stefano Caruso
- Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jin Ku Kang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Amit Dipak Amin
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sebastian Wallace
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ross Dobie
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Deqi Yin
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Chuan Yin
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Adam Mehal
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin Izar
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard A Friedman
- Biomedical Informatics Shared Resource, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rebecca G Wells
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Utpal B Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Helen E Remotti
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Arpaia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Michael Karin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Neil C Henderson
- Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh BioQuarter, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ira Tabas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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3
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Moser C, Straub LG, Rachamin Y, Dapito DH, Kulenkampff E, Ding L, Sun W, Modica S, Balaz M, Wolfrum C. Quantification of adipocyte numbers following adipose tissue remodeling. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109023. [PMID: 33909996 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To analyze the capacity of white and brown adipose tissue remodeling, we developed two mouse lines to label, quantitatively trace, and ablate white, brown, and brite/beige adipocytes at different ambient temperatures. We show here that the brown adipocytes are recruited first and reach a peak after 1 week of cold stimulation followed by a decline during prolonged cold exposure. On the contrary, brite/beige cell numbers plateau after 3 weeks of cold exposure. At thermoneutrality, brown adipose tissue, in spite of being masked by a white-like morphology, retains its brown-like physiology, as Ucp1+ cells can be recovered immediately upon beta3-adrenergic stimulation. We further demonstrate that the recruitment of Ucp1+ cells in response to cold is driven by existing adipocytes. In contrast, the regeneration of the interscapular brown adipose tissue following ablation of Ucp1+ cells is driven by de novo differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Moser
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Leon G Straub
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Yael Rachamin
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Dianne H Dapito
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Kulenkampff
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Lianggong Ding
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Modica
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland.
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4
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Zhu C, Ho YJ, Salomao MA, Dapito DH, Bartolome A, Schwabe RF, Lee JS, Lowe SW, Pajvani UB. Notch activity characterizes a common hepatocellular carcinoma subtype with unique molecular and clinicopathologic features. J Hepatol 2021; 74:613-626. [PMID: 33038431 PMCID: PMC7897246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The hepatocyte Notch pathway is a pathogenic factor in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-associated fibrosis, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is less well defined. Herein, we aimed to characterize the molecular and clinical features of Notch-active human HCC, and to investigate the mechanisms by which Notch affects NASH-driven HCC. METHODS Using a 14-gene Notch score, we stratified human HCCs from multiple comprehensively profiled datasets. We performed gene set enrichment analyses to compare Notch-active HCCs with published HCC subtype signatures. Next, we sorted Notch-active hepatocytes from Notch reporter mice for RNA sequencing and characterized Notch-active tumors in an HCC model combining a carcinogen and a NASH-inducing diet. We used genetic mouse models to manipulate hepatocyte Notch to investigate the sufficiency and necessity of Notch in NASH-driven tumorigenesis. RESULTS Notch-active signatures were found in ~30% of human HCCs that transcriptionally resemble cholangiocarcinoma-like HCC, exhibiting a lack of activating CTNNB1 (β-catenin) mutations and a generally poor prognosis. Endogenous Notch activation in hepatocytes is associated with repressed β-catenin signaling and hepatic metabolic functions, in lieu of increased interactions with the extracellular matrix in NASH. Constitutive hepatocyte Notch activation is sufficient to induce β-catenin-inactive HCC in mice with NASH. Notch and β-catenin show a pattern of mutual exclusivity in carcinogen-induced HCC; in this mouse model, chronic blockade of Notch led to β-catenin-dependent tumor development. CONCLUSIONS Notch activity characterizes a distinct HCC molecular subtype with unique histology and prognosis. Sustained Notch signaling in chronic liver diseases can drive tumor formation without acquiring specific genomic driver mutations. LAY SUMMARY The Notch signaling pathway is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. However, its role in liver cancer has not been well defined. Herein, we show that Notch activity is increased in a subset of liver cancers and is associated with poor outcomes. We also used a mouse model to show that aberrant Notch activity can drive cancer progression in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyu Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Jui Ho
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcela A. Salomao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ju-Seog Lee
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Scott W. Lowe
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA;,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Utpal B. Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA;,Corresponding author: Utpal B. Pajvani, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, Russ Berrie Medical Science Pavilion, 1150 St Nicholas Ave, New York, NY, 10032. ; fax: (212) 851-5493
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5
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Müller S, Perdikari A, Dapito DH, Sun W, Wollscheid B, Balaz M, Wolfrum C. ESRRG and PERM1 Govern Mitochondrial Conversion in Brite/Beige Adipocyte Formation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:387. [PMID: 32595605 PMCID: PMC7304443 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
When exposed to cold temperatures, mice increase their thermogenic capacity by an expansion of brown adipose tissue mass and the formation of brite/beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue depots. However, the process of the transcriptional changes underlying the conversion of a phenotypic white to brite/beige adipocytes is only poorly understood. By analyzing transcriptome profiles of inguinal adipocytes during cold exposure and in mouse models with a different propensity to form brite/beige adipocytes, we identified ESRRG and PERM1 as modulators of this process. The production of heat by mitochondrial uncoupled respiration is a key feature of brite/beige compared to white adipocytes and we show here that both candidates are involved in PGC1α transcriptional network to positively regulate mitochondrial capacity. Moreover, we show that an increased expression of ESRRG or PERM1 supports the formation of brown or brite/beige adipocytes in vitro and in vivo. These results reveal that ESRRG and PERM1 are early induced in and important regulators of brite/beige adipocyte formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Müller
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Life Science Zurich Graduate School, Molecular Life Sciences Program, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aliki Perdikari
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dianne H. Dapito
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernd Wollscheid
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Christian Wolfrum
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Miroslav Balaz
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6
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Sun W, Dong H, Becker AS, Dapito DH, Modica S, Grandl G, Opitz L, Efthymiou V, Straub LG, Sarker G, Balaz M, Balazova L, Perdikari A, Kiehlmann E, Bacanovic S, Zellweger C, Peleg-Raibstein D, Pelczar P, Reik W, Burger IA, von Meyenn F, Wolfrum C. Publisher Correction: Cold-induced epigenetic programming of the sperm enhances brown adipose tissue activity in the offspring. Nat Med 2018; 24:1777. [PMID: 30087436 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In the version of this article originally published, the bars in the mean temperature graph in Fig. 1a were incorrectly aligned. The left-most bar should have been aligned with the Apr label on the projected month of conception axis. The error has been corrected in the print, PDF and HTML versions of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Sun
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Hua Dong
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Anton S Becker
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.,Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dianne H Dapito
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Modica
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Gerald Grandl
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Lennart Opitz
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.,Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich-University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vissarion Efthymiou
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Leon G Straub
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Gitalee Sarker
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Balazova
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Aliki Perdikari
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Elke Kiehlmann
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Sara Bacanovic
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Zellweger
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Pawel Pelczar
- Center for Transgenic Models, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolf Reik
- Epigenetics Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Irene A Burger
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinand von Meyenn
- Epigenetics Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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7
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Dalmas E, Lehmann FM, Dror E, Wueest S, Thienel C, Borsigova M, Stawiski M, Traunecker E, Lucchini FC, Dapito DH, Kallert SM, Guigas B, Pattou F, Kerr-Conte J, Maechler P, Girard JP, Konrad D, Wolfrum C, Böni-Schnetzler M, Finke D, Donath MY. Interleukin-33-Activated Islet-Resident Innate Lymphoid Cells Promote Insulin Secretion through Myeloid Cell Retinoic Acid Production. Immunity 2017; 47:928-942.e7. [PMID: 29166590 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic-islet inflammation contributes to the failure of β cell insulin secretion during obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, little is known about the nature and function of resident immune cells in this context or in homeostasis. Here we show that interleukin (IL)-33 was produced by islet mesenchymal cells and enhanced by a diabetes milieu (glucose, IL-1β, and palmitate). IL-33 promoted β cell function through islet-resident group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) that elicited retinoic acid (RA)-producing capacities in macrophages and dendritic cells via the secretion of IL-13 and colony-stimulating factor 2. In turn, local RA signaled to the β cells to increase insulin secretion. This IL-33-ILC2 axis was activated after acute β cell stress but was defective during chronic obesity. Accordingly, IL-33 injections rescued islet function in obese mice. Our findings provide evidence that an immunometabolic crosstalk between islet-derived IL-33, ILC2s, and myeloid cells fosters insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Dalmas
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Frank M Lehmann
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Children's Hospital, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Erez Dror
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Wueest
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Constanze Thienel
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcela Borsigova
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Stawiski
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabrizio C Lucchini
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dianne H Dapito
- Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH-Zürich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Sandra M Kallert
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francois Pattou
- University Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Kerr-Conte
- University Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1190 Translational Research for Diabetes, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, EGID, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Pierre Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism and Faculty Diabetes Center, Geneva University Medical Centre, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Philippe Girard
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Daniel Konrad
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH-Zürich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Böni-Schnetzler
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Finke
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Children's Hospital, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Y Donath
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
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8
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Weber SN, Bohner A, Dapito DH, Schwabe RF, Lammert F. TLR4 Deficiency Protects against Hepatic Fibrosis and Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Pre-Carcinogenic Liver Injury in Fibrotic Liver. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158819. [PMID: 27391331 PMCID: PMC4938399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common consequence of advanced liver fibrosis but the interactions between fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis are still poorly understood. Recently it has been shown that HCC promotion depends on Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4. Pre-cancerogenous events can be modelled in mice by the administration of a single dose of diethylnitrosamine (DEN), with HCC formation depending amongst others on interleukin (IL) 6 production. Mice lacking the hepatocanalicular phosphatidylcholine transporter ABCB4 develop liver fibrosis spontaneously, resemble patients with sclerosing cholangitis due to mutations of the orthologous human gene, and represent a valid model to study tumour formation in pre-injured cholestatic liver. The aim of this study was to investigate DEN-induced liver injury in TLR4-deficient mice with biliary fibrosis. METHODS ABCB4-deficient mice on the FVB/NJ genetic background were crossed to two distinct genetic backgrounds (TLR4-sufficient C3H/HeN and TLR4-deficient C3H/HeJ) for more than 10 generations. The two congenic knockout and the two corresponding wild-type mouse lines were treated with a single dose of DEN for 48 hours. Phenotypic differences were assessed by measuring hepatic collagen contents, inflammatory markers (ALT, CRP, IL6) as well as hepatic apoptosis (TUNEL) and proliferation (Ki67) rates. RESULTS Hepatic collagen accumulation is significantly reduced in ABCB4-/-:TLR4-/-double-deficient mice. After DEN challenge, apoptosis, proliferation and inflammatory markers are decreased in TLR4-deficient in comparison to TLR4-sufficient mice. When combining ABCB4 and TLR4 deficiency with DEN treatment, hepatic IL6 expression and proliferation rates are lowest in fibrotic livers from the double-deficient line. Consistent with these effects, selective digestive tract decontamination in ABCB4-/- mice also led to reduced tumor size and number after DEN. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that liver injury upon DEN challenge depends on pre-existing fibrosis and genetic background. The generation of ABCB4-/: TLR4-/- double-deficient mice illustrates that TLR4-deficiency protects against hepatic injury in a preclinical mouse model of chronic liver disease.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/chemically induced
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Diethylnitrosamine/toxicity
- Interleukin-6/genetics
- Interleukin-6/metabolism
- Liver Cirrhosis/chemically induced
- Liver Cirrhosis/genetics
- Liver Cirrhosis/metabolism
- Liver Cirrhosis/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasm Proteins/deficiency
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Precancerous Conditions/chemically induced
- Precancerous Conditions/genetics
- Precancerous Conditions/metabolism
- Precancerous Conditions/pathology
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/deficiency
- ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annika Bohner
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Dianne H. Dapito
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Robert F. Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Frank Lammert
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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9
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Mu X, Pradere JP, Affò S, Dapito DH, Friedman R, Lefkovitch JH, Schwabe RF. Epithelial Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling Does Not Contribute to Liver Fibrosis but Protects Mice From Cholangiocarcinoma. Gastroenterology 2016; 150:720-33. [PMID: 26627606 PMCID: PMC6490681 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) exerts key functions in fibrogenic cells, promoting fibrosis development in the liver and other organs. In contrast, the functions of TGFβ in liver epithelial cells are not well understood, despite their high level of responsiveness to TGFβ. We sought to determine the contribution of epithelial TGFβ signaling to hepatic fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis. METHODS TGFβ signaling in liver epithelial cells was inhibited by albumin-Cre-, K19-CreERT-, Prom1-CreERT2-, or AAV8-TBG-Cre-mediated deletion of the floxed TGFβ receptor II gene (Tgfbr2). Liver fibrosis was induced by carbon tetrachloride, bile duct ligation, or disruption of the multidrug-resistance transporter 2 gene (Mdr2). Hepatocarcinogenesis was induced by diethylnitrosamine or hepatic deletion of PTEN. RESULTS Deletion of Tgfbr2 from liver epithelial cells did not alter liver injury, toxin-induced or biliary fibrosis, or diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. In contrast, epithelial deletion of Tgfbr2 promoted tumorigenesis and reduced survival of mice with concomitant hepatic deletion of Pten, accompanied by an increase in tumor number and a shift from hepatocellular carcinoma to cholangiocarcinoma. Surprisingly, both hepatocyte- and cholangiocyte-specific deletion of Pten and Tgfbr2 promoted the development of cholangiocarcinoma, but with different latencies. The prolonged latency and the presence of hepatocyte-derived cholangiocytes after AAV8-TBG-Cre-mediated deletion of Tgfbr2 and Pten indicated that cholangiocarcinoma might arise from hepatocyte-derived cholangiocytes in this model. Pten deletion resulted in up-regulation of Tgfbr2, and deletion of Tgfbr2 increased cholangiocyte but not hepatocyte proliferation, indicating that the main function of epithelial TGFBR2 is to restrict cholangiocyte proliferation. CONCLUSIONS Epithelial TGFβ signaling does not contribute to the development of liver fibrosis or formation of hepatocellular carcinomas in mice, but restricts cholangiocyte proliferation to prevent cholangiocarcinoma development, regardless of its cellular origin.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- Animals
- Bile Duct Neoplasms/chemically induced
- Bile Duct Neoplasms/genetics
- Bile Duct Neoplasms/metabolism
- Bile Duct Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Bile Ducts/metabolism
- Bile Ducts/pathology
- Carbon Tetrachloride
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/etiology
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/genetics
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/metabolism
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury/pathology
- Cholangiocarcinoma/chemically induced
- Cholangiocarcinoma/genetics
- Cholangiocarcinoma/metabolism
- Cholangiocarcinoma/prevention & control
- Diethylnitrosamine
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Genetic Predisposition to Disease
- Hepatocytes/metabolism
- Hepatocytes/pathology
- Humans
- Liver/metabolism
- Liver/pathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics
- PTEN Phosphohydrolase/metabolism
- Phenotype
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/deficiency
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/deficiency
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/genetics
- Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Time Factors
- ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueru Mu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York; Institute of Oncology, Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | | | - Silvia Affò
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Dianne H Dapito
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Richard Friedman
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Jay H Lefkovitch
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York; Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, New York.
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10
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Bosma M, Dapito DH, Drosatos-Tampakaki Z, Huiping-Son N, Huang LS, Kersten S, Drosatos K, Goldberg IJ. Sequestration of fatty acids in triglycerides prevents endoplasmic reticulum stress in an in vitro model of cardiomyocyte lipotoxicity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1841:1648-55. [PMID: 25251292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Revised: 08/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We used human cardiomyocyte-derived cells to create an in vitro model to study lipid metabolism and explored the effects of PPARγ; ACSL1 and ATGL on fatty acid-induced ER stress. Compared to oleate, palmitate treatment resulted in less intracellular accumulation of lipid droplets and more ER stress, as measured by upregulation of CHOP, ATF6 and GRP78 gene expression and phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2a (EIF2a). Both ACSL1 and PPARγ adenovirus-mediated expression augmented neutral lipid accumulation and reduced palmitate-induced upregulation of ER stress markers to levels similar to those in the oleate and control treatment groups. This suggests that increased channeling of non-esterified free fatty acids (NEFA) towards storage in the form of neutral lipids in lipid droplets protects against palmitate-induced ER stress. Overexpression of ATGL in cells incubated with oleate-containing medium increased NEFA release and stimulated expression of ER stress markers. Thus, inefficient creation of lipid droplets as well greater release of stored lipids induces ER stress.
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11
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Affò S, Morales-Ibanez O, Rodrigo-Torres D, Altamirano J, Blaya D, Dapito DH, Millán C, Coll M, Caviglia JM, Arroyo V, Caballería J, Schwabe RF, Ginès P, Bataller R, Sancho-Bru P. CCL20 mediates lipopolysaccharide induced liver injury and is a potential driver of inflammation and fibrosis in alcoholic hepatitis. Gut 2014; 63:1782-92. [PMID: 24415562 PMCID: PMC4092046 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chemokines are known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of alcoholic hepatitis (AH), a form of acute-on-chronic liver injury frequently mediated by gut derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In our study, we hypothesise that chemokine CCL20, one of the most upregulated chemokines in patients with AH, is implicated in the pathogenesis of AH by mediating LPS induced liver injury. DESIGN CCL20 gene expression and serum levels and their correlation with disease severity were assessed in patients with AH. Cellular sources of CCL20 and its biological effects were evaluated in vitro and in vivo in chronic, acute and acute-on-chronic experimental models of carbon tetrachloride and LPS induced liver injury. RNA interference technology was used to knockdown CCL20 in vivo. RESULTS CCL20 hepatic and serum levels were increased in patients with AH and correlated with the degree of fibrosis, portal hypertension, endotoxaemia, disease severity scores and short term mortality. Moreover, CCL20 expression was increased in animal models of liver injury and particularly under acute-on-chronic conditions. Macrophages and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were identified as the main CCL20 producing cell types. Silencing CCL20 in vivo reduced LPS induced aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase serum levels and hepatic proinflammatory and profibrogenic genes. CCL20 induced proinflammatory and profibrogenic effects in cultured primary HSCs. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that CCL20 upregulation is strongly associated with LPS and may not only represent a new potential biomarker to predict outcome in patients with AH but also an important mediator linking hepatic inflammation, injury and fibrosis in AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Affò
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oriol Morales-Ibanez
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Rodrigo-Torres
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Altamirano
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Delia Blaya
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dianne H Dapito
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cristina Millán
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Coll
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jorge M Caviglia
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vicente Arroyo
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Caballería
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pere Ginès
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Bataller
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Departments of Medicine and Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Faculty of Medicine University of Barcelona, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Huebener P, Gwak GY, Pradere JP, Quinzii CM, Friedman R, Lin CS, Trent CM, Mederacke I, Zhao E, Dapito DH, Lin Y, Goldberg IJ, Czaja MJ, Schwabe RF. High-mobility group box 1 is dispensable for autophagy, mitochondrial quality control, and organ function in vivo. Cell Metab 2014; 19:539-47. [PMID: 24606906 PMCID: PMC4099361 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In vitro studies have demonstrated a critical role for high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in autophagy and the autophagic clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria, resulting in severe mitochondrial fragmentation and profound disturbances of mitochondrial respiration in HMGB1-deficient cells. Here, we investigated the effects of HMGB1 deficiency on autophagy and mitochondrial function in vivo, using conditional Hmgb1 ablation in the liver and heart. Unexpectedly, deletion of Hmgb1 in hepatocytes or cardiomyocytes, two cell types with abundant mitochondria, did not alter mitochondrial structure or function, organ function, or long-term survival. Moreover, hepatic autophagy and mitophagy occurred normally in the absence of Hmgb1, and absence of Hmgb1 did not significantly affect baseline and glucocorticoid-induced hepatic gene expression. Collectively, our findings suggest that HMGB1 is dispensable for autophagy, mitochondrial quality control, the regulation of gene expression, and organ function in the adult organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Huebener
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Geum-Youn Gwak
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | | | | | - Richard Friedman
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chyuan-Sheng Lin
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Chad M Trent
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ingmar Mederacke
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Enpeng Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Dianne H Dapito
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yuxi Lin
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mark J Czaja
- Department of Medicine, Marion Bessin Liver Research Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Robert F Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA; Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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13
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Pradere JP, Kluwe J, De Minicis S, Jiao JJ, Gwak GY, Dapito DH, Jang MK, Guenther ND, Mederacke I, Friedman R, Dragomir AC, Aloman C, Schwabe RF. Hepatic macrophages but not dendritic cells contribute to liver fibrosis by promoting the survival of activated hepatic stellate cells in mice. Hepatology 2013; 58:1461-73. [PMID: 23553591 PMCID: PMC3848418 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 403] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although it is well established that hepatic macrophages play a crucial role in the development of liver fibrosis, the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Moreover, it is not known whether other mononuclear phagocytes such as dendritic cells (DCs) contribute to hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and liver fibrosis. We show for the first time that hepatic macrophages enhance myofibroblast survival in a nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-dependent manner and thereby promote liver fibrosis. Microarray and pathway analysis revealed no induction of HSC activation pathways by hepatic macrophages but a profound activation of the NF-κB pathway in HSCs. Conversely, depletion of mononuclear phagocytes during fibrogenesis in vivo resulted in suppressed NF-κB activation in HSCs. Macrophage-induced activation of NF-κB in HSCs in vitro and in vivo was mediated by interleukin (IL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Notably, IL-1 and TNF did not promote HSC activation but promoted survival of activated HSCs in vitro and in vivo and thereby increased liver fibrosis, as demonstrated by neutralization in coculture experiments and genetic ablation of IL-1 and TNF receptor in vivo. Coculture and in vivo ablation experiments revealed only a minor contribution to NF-κB activation in HSCs by DCs, and no contribution of DCs to liver fibrosis development, respectively. CONCLUSION Promotion of NF-κB-dependent myofibroblast survival by macrophages but not DCs provides a novel link between inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Pradere
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Johannes Kluwe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
,Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuele De Minicis
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ancona, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Jing-Jing Jiao
- Division of Liver Diseases, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Geum-Youn Gwak
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Dianne H. Dapito
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
,Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Myoung-Kuk Jang
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Nina D. Guenther
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingmar Mederacke
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Richard Friedman
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
,Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ana-Cristina Dragomir
- Division of Liver Diseases, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Costica Aloman
- Division of Liver Diseases, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Robert F. Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
,Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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14
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Troeger JS, Mederacke I, Gwak GY, Dapito DH, Mu X, Hsu CC, Pradere JP, Friedman RA, Schwabe RF. Deactivation of hepatic stellate cells during liver fibrosis resolution in mice. Gastroenterology 2012; 143:1073-83.e22. [PMID: 22750464 PMCID: PMC3848328 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2012.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the main fibrogenic cell type in the liver, undergo apoptosis after cessation of liver injury, which contributes to resolution of fibrosis. In this study, we investigated whether HSC deactivation constitutes an additional mechanism of liver fibrosis resolution. METHODS HSC activation and deactivation were investigated by single-cell PCR and genetic tracking in transgenic mice that expressed a tamoxifen-inducible CreER under control of the endogenous vimentin promoter (Vimentin-CreER). RESULTS Single-cell quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated activation of almost the entire HSC population in fibrotic livers, and a gradual decrease of HSC activation during fibrosis resolution, indicating deactivation of HSCs. Vimentin-CreER marked activated HSCs, demonstrated by a 6- to 16-fold induction of a membrane-bound green fluorescent protein (mGFP) Cre-reporter after injection of carbon tetrachloride, in liver and isolated HSCs, and a shift in localization of mGFP-marked HSCs from peri-sinusoidal to fibrotic septa. Tracking of mGFP-positive HSCs revealed the persistence of 40%-45% of mGFP expression in livers and isolated HSCs 30-45 days after carbon tetrachloride was no longer administered, despite normalization of fibrogenesis parameters; these findings confirm reversal of HSC activation. After fibrosis resolution, mGFP expression was observed again in desmin-positive peri-sinusoidal HSCs; no mGFP expression was detected in hepatocytes or cholangiocytes, excluding mesenchymal-epithelial transition. Notably, reverted HSCs remained in a primed state, with higher levels of responsiveness to fibrogenic stimuli. CONCLUSIONS In mice, reversal of HSC activation contributes to termination of fibrogenesis during fibrosis resolution, but results in higher responsiveness of reverted HSCs to recurring fibrogenic stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane S. Troeger
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Ingmar Mederacke
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Geum-Youn Gwak
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Dianne H. Dapito
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY,Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Xueru Mu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Christine C. Hsu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Jean-Philippe Pradere
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Richard A. Friedman
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Robert F. Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY,Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Dapito DH, Mencin A, Gwak GY, Pradere JP, Jang MK, Mederacke I, Caviglia JM, Khiabanian H, Adeyemi A, Bataller R, Lefkowitch JH, Bower M, Friedman R, Sartor RB, Rabadan R, Schwabe RF. Promotion of hepatocellular carcinoma by the intestinal microbiota and TLR4. Cancer Cell 2012; 21:504-16. [PMID: 22516259 PMCID: PMC3332000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 901] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 11/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Increased translocation of intestinal bacteria is a hallmark of chronic liver disease and contributes to hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. Here we tested the hypothesis that the intestinal microbiota and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) promote hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), a long-term consequence of chronic liver injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. Hepatocarcinogenesis in chronically injured livers depended on the intestinal microbiota and TLR4 activation in non-bone-marrow-derived resident liver cells. TLR4 and the intestinal microbiota were not required for HCC initiation but for HCC promotion, mediating increased proliferation, expression of the hepatomitogen epiregulin, and prevention of apoptosis. Gut sterilization restricted to late stages of hepatocarcinogenesis reduced HCC, suggesting that the intestinal microbiota and TLR4 represent therapeutic targets for HCC prevention in advanced liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianne H Dapito
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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16
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Kluwe J, Wongsiriroj N, Troeger JS, Gwak GY, Dapito DH, Pradere JP, Jiang H, Siddiqi M, Piantedosi R, O'Byrne SM, Blaner WS, Schwabe RF. Absence of hepatic stellate cell retinoid lipid droplets does not enhance hepatic fibrosis but decreases hepatic carcinogenesis. Gut 2011; 60:1260-8. [PMID: 21278145 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2010.209551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) contain a number of bioactive metabolites or their precursors including retinoids in their characteristic lipid droplets. The loss of lipid droplets and retinoids is a hallmark of HSC activation, but it remains unclear whether this loss promotes HSC activation, liver fibrogenesis or carcinogenesis. DESIGN Spontaneous and experimental fibrogenesis as well as a diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis were investigated in lecithin-retinol acyltransferase (LRAT)-deficient mice which lack retinoid-containing lipids droplets in their HSCs. RESULTS Following HSC activation, LRAT expression was rapidly lost, emphasising its importance in lipid droplet biology in HSCs. Surprisingly, there was no difference in fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) or by eight injections of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) between wild-type and LRAT-deficient mice. To exclude the possibility that the effects on fibrogenesis were missed due to the rapid downregulation of LRAT following HSC activation, acute as well as spontaneous liver fibrosis was investigated. However, there was no increased fibrosis in 3-, 8- and 12-month-old LRAT-deficient mice and in LRAT-deficient mice after a single injection of CCl4 compared with wild-type mice. To determine whether the absence of retinoids in HSCs affects hepatocarcinogenesis, wild-type and LRAT-deficient mice were injected with diethylnitrosamine. LRAT deficiency decreased diethylnitrosamine-induced injury and tumour load and increased the expression of the retinoic acid responsive genes Cyp26a1, RARb and p21, suggesting that the lower tumour load of LRAT-deficient mice was a result of increased retinoid signalling and subsequent p21-mediated inhibition of proliferation. CONCLUSIONS The absence of retinoid-containing HSC lipid droplets does not promote HSC activation but reduces hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Kluwe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork, New York, USA
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Abstract
Inflammation is strongly associated with chronic hepatic injury and the ensuing wound-healing process. Recent evidence from mouse models and human studies implicates Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as important regulators of the inflammatory response and a functional link between inflammation and fibrosis in the chronically injured liver. Here, we review mechanisms by which TLR4 and TLR4 ligands from the intestinal microbiota contribute to hepatic injury, inflammation, hepatic stellate cell activation, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Pradere
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Juliane S. Troeger
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Dianne H. Dapito
- The Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Ali A. Mencin
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
| | - Robert F. Schwabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY,The Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY
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