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Simeone D, Tissot O, Garcia P, Luneville L. Dynamics of Nucleation in Solids: A Self-Consistent Phase Field Approach. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:117101. [PMID: 37774291 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.117101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
We derive a phase field method for computing rigorously the nucleation rate and the incubation time from the sole knowledge of the free energy of the system in the metastable regime. Our theoretical results are assessed against experimental data relative to demixing of an iron-chromium alloy. Our work clarifies the notions of nucleation rate and incubation time extensively used in classical nucleation theory (CNT) processes in solids. Our work thus emerges as an alternative to CNT but of more general applicability, and enables us to model the nucleation process across the whole range of condition encountered in first order phase transitions, an aspect in which CNT fails.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Simeone
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, DES-Service de Recherche Métallurgie Appliquée, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - O Tissot
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, DES-Service de Recherche Métallurgie Appliquée, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Garcia
- CEA, DES, IRESNE, DEC, Cadarache F-13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - L Luneville
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, DES-Service de Recherche en Mathématiques Appliquées, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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2
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Fontana P, Budillon A, Simeone D, Del Vecchio Blanco F, Caiazza M, D'Amico A, Lonardo F, Nigro V, Limongelli G, Scarano G. A Novel Homozygous GPAA1 Variant in a Patient with a Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Biosynthesis Defect. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1444. [PMID: 37510348 PMCID: PMC10379968 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis defect 15 is a rare autosomal recessive disorder due to biallelic loss of function of GPAA1. At the moment, less than twenty patients have been reported, usually compound heterozygous for GPAA1 variants. The main clinical features are intellectual disability, hypotonia, seizures, and cerebellar atrophy. We describe a 4-year-old male with a novel, homozygous variant. The patient presents with typical features, such as developmental delay, hypotonia, seizures, and atypical features, such as macrocephaly, preauricular, and cheek appendages. When he was 15 months, the cerebellum was normal. When he was 33 months old, after the molecular diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging was repeated, showing cerebellar atrophy. This case extends the clinical spectrum of the GPAA1-related disorder and helps to delineate phenotypic differences with defects of other subunits of the transamidase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fontana
- Medical Genetics Unit, P.O. Gaetano Rummo, A.O.R.N. San Pio, Via dell'Angelo, 1, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Alberto Budillon
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Domenico Simeone
- Medical Genetics Unit, P.O. Gaetano Rummo, A.O.R.N. San Pio, Via dell'Angelo, 1, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Francesca Del Vecchio Blanco
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Caiazza
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Disease Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. Bianchi, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra D'Amico
- Department of Radiology, "Tortorella" Private Hospital, Via Nicola Aversano, 1, 84124 Salerno, Italy
| | - Fortunato Lonardo
- Medical Genetics Unit, P.O. Gaetano Rummo, A.O.R.N. San Pio, Via dell'Angelo, 1, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Inherited and Rare Cardiovascular Disease Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via L. Bianchi, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College of London and St. Bartholomew's Hospital, London WC1E 6DD, UK
| | - Gioacchino Scarano
- Medical Genetics Unit, P.O. Gaetano Rummo, A.O.R.N. San Pio, Via dell'Angelo, 1, 82100 Benevento, Italy
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Simeone D, Garcia P, Bacri CO, Luneville L. Symmetry Breaking Resulting from Long-Range Interactions in Out of Equilibrium Systems: Elastic Properties of Irradiated AgCu. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:246103. [PMID: 33412047 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.246103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work presents a consistent formulation of the phase-field approach to model the behavior of nonmiscible alloys under irradiation which includes elastic strain fields, an example of a long-range interaction. Simulations show that the spatial isotropy that is characteristic of radiation-induced patterns breaks down as a result of the elastic strain energy. The consequence of this is the emergence of superlattice structures under irradiation liable to modify macroscopic material properties. This approach is assessed against the experimental study of a AgCu alloy under irradiation: we compare our simulation results to measured solubility limits and Young moduli.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Simeone
- CEA, DES, ISAS, DMN, Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - P Garcia
- CEA, DES, IRESNE, DEC, F-13108 Saint Paul Lez Durance, France
| | - C O Bacri
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJClab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L Luneville
- CEA, DES, ISAS, DM2S, Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
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Luneville L, Garcia P, Simeone D. Predicting Nonequilibrium Patterns beyond Thermodynamic Concepts: Application to Radiation-Induced Microstructures. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:085701. [PMID: 32167336 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.085701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we derive an analytical model to predict the appearance of all possible radiation-induced steady states and their associated microstructures in immiscible A_{c[over ¯]}B_{1-c[over ¯]} alloys, an example of a nonequilibrium dynamical system. This model is assessed against numerical simulations and experimental results which show that different microstructures characterized by the patterning of A-rich precipitates can emerge under irradiation. We demonstrate that the steady-state microstructure is governed by irradiation conditions and also by the average initial concentration of the alloy c[over ¯]. Such a dependence offers new leverage for tailoring materials with specific microstructures overcoming limitations imposed by the equilibrium thermodynamic phase diagram.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luneville
- CEA, DES, ISAS, DM2S, Paris-Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P Garcia
- CEA, DES, IRESNE, DEC, Cadarache F-13108 Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France
| | - D Simeone
- CEA, DES, ISAS, DMN, Paris-Saclay F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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De Backer A, Domain C, Becquart CS, Luneville L, Simeone D, Sand AE, Nordlund K. A model of defect cluster creation in fragmented cascades in metals based on morphological analysis. J Phys Condens Matter 2018; 30:405701. [PMID: 30124201 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aadb4e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of ions and neutrons in metals cause cascades of atomic collisions that expand and shrink, leaving microstructure defect debris, i.e. interstitial or vacancy clusters or loops of different sizes. In De Backer et al (2016 Europhys. Lett. 115 26001), we described a method to detect the first morphological transition, i.e. the cascade fragmentation in subcascades, and a model of primary damage combining the binary collision approximation and molecular dynamics (MD). In this paper including W, Fe, Be, Zr and 20 other metals, we demonstrate that the fragmentation energy increases with the atomic number and decreases with the atomic density following a unique power law. Above the fragmentation energy, the cascade morphology can be characterized by the cross pair correlation functions of the multitype point pattern formed by the subcascades. We derive the numbers of pairs of subcascades and observed that they follow broken power laws. The energy where the power law breaks indicates the second morphological transition when cascades are formed by branches decorated by chaplets of small subcascades. The subcascade interaction is introduced in our model of primary damage by adding pairwise terms. Using statistics obtained on hundreds of MD cascades in Fe, we demonstrate that the interaction of subcascades increases the proportion of large clusters in the damage created by high energy cascades. Finally, we predict the primary damage of 500 keV Fe ion in Fe and obtain cluster size distributions when large statistics of MD cascades are not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- A De Backer
- CCFE-Culham Centre for Fusion Energy, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 3DB, United Kingdom
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Sahai V, Saif W, Kalyan A, Philip P, Rocha-Lima C, Ocean A, Ondovik M, Simeone D, Karnoub M, Louis C, Picozzi V. Open-label, multicenter, single-arm study of FABLOx (metronomic 5-fluorouracil plus nab-paclitaxel, bevacizumab, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer: Phase I results. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy151.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Caputo S, Sorice N, Sansone R, Simeone D, Caruso V, Russo R, Cicchella N, Izzo A, Saviano C, Casani A, Ciampi Q, Villari B. Echocardiographic diagnosis of coronary artery fistula in both dizygotic twin brothers. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2017; 18:378-380. [DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e328336b5b7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Martin C, Miller KH, Makino H, Craciun D, Simeone D, Craciun V. Optical properties of Ar ions irradiated nanocrystalline ZrC and ZrN thin films. J Nucl Mater 2017; Volume 488:16-21. [PMID: 32020950 PMCID: PMC6999656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thin nanocrystalline ZrC and ZrN films (<400 nm), grown on (100) Si substrates at a substrate temperature of 500 °C by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique, were irradiated by 800 keV Ar ion irradiation with fluences from 1 × 1014 at/cm2 up to 2 × 1015 at/cm2. Optical reflectance data, acquired from as-deposited and irradiated films, in the range of 500 - 50000 cm-1 (0.06 - 6 eV), was used to assess the effect of irradiation on the optical and electronic properties. Both in ZrC and ZrN films we observed that irradiation affects the optical properties of the films mostly at low frequencies, which is dominated by the free carriers response. In both materials, we found a significant reduction in the free carriers scattering rate, i.e. possible increase in mobility, at higher irradiation flux. This is consistent with our previous findings that irradiation affects the crystallite size and the micro-strain, but it does not induce major structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Martin
- Ramapo College of New Jersey, NJ, USA
| | - K. H. Miller
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
| | - H. Makino
- Research Institute, Kochi University of Technology, Kami, Kochi, 782-8502, Japan
| | - D. Craciun
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma, and Radiation Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
| | - D. Simeone
- CEA/DEN/DANS/DM2S/SERMA/LEPP-LRC CARMEN CEN Saclay France & CNRS/ SPMS UMR8785 LRC CARMEN, Ecole Centrale de Paris, F92292, Chatenay Malabry
| | - V. Craciun
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma, and Radiation Physics, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania
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Abstract
This work focuses on systems displaying domain patterns resulting from competing external and internal dynamics. To this end, we introduce a Lyapunov functional capable of describing the steady states of systems subject to external forces, by adding nonlocal terms to the Landau Ginzburg free energy of the system. Thereby, we extend the existing methodology treating long-range order interactions, to the case of external nonlocal forces. By studying the quadratic term of this Lyapunov functional, we compute the phase diagram in the temperature versus external field and we determine all possible modulated phases (domain patterns) as a function of the external forces and the temperature. Finally, we investigate patterning in chemical reactive mixtures and binary mixtures under irradiation, and we show that the last case opens the path toward micro-structural engineering of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luneville
- DEN-Service dÉtudes et de Recherche en Mathématique Appliquée, LRC CARMEN CEA-CNRS-ECP/SPMS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Mallick
- CEA/DRF/IPhT, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - V Pontikis
- CEA/DRF/IRAMIS/LSI, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Simeone
- DEN-Service de Recherches Métallurgiques Appliquées, LRC CARMEN CEA-CNRS-ECP/SPMS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Abstract
The crystal structure of U4O9 remains an enigma because of its differences with U(4+) and U(5+) coordination polyhedral mixtures, as shown in the XANES experimental results. To better understand this crystal structure, its diffraction pattern was measured at seven different temperatures using neutron diffraction before being independently refined by Rietveld's method and pair distribution function analysis. The O cuboctahedron-a structural element consisting of 13 oxygen atoms-is a specific feature of the U4O9 crystal structure. The volume of the cuboctahedron decreases when the temperature increases, whereas the overall volume of the crystal cell increases. This feature can be correlated with the two U4O9 phase transitions that induce sharp changes in the cuboctahedron geometry, suggesting that this structural element has internal dynamics. In particular, these structural modifications in the γ phase suggest that the high-temperature phase can be described as a mixture of U(4+) and U(5+) coordination polyhedra, the latter having U-O distances shorter than 2.2 Å, that are absent in the former. These changes in uranium polyhedra as a function of temperature are tentatively interpreted using steric arguments. They also raise the question of charge localization on the different U ion sites in the low-temperature phases of U4O9.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Desgranges
- CEA/DEN/DEC Bat 352 Cadarache , 13108 Saint Paul lez Durance, France
| | - G Baldinozzi
- SPMS, LRC Carmen, CNRS Centrale Supélec , 92295 Châtenay-Malabry, France.,CEA DEN/DANS/DMN/SRMA/LA2M , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Simeone
- SPMS, LRC Carmen, CNRS Centrale Supélec , 92295 Châtenay-Malabry, France.,CEA DEN/DANS/DMN/SRMA/LA2M , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H E Fischer
- Institut Laue-Langevin , 6 rue Jules Horowitz, B.P. 156, 38042 Grenoble cedex, France
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Ben-Josef E, Schipper M, Francis I, Khan G, Hadley S, Lawrence T, Simeone D, Abrams R, Sonnenday C, Zalupski M. Phase I/II Radiation Dose-Escalation Trial of Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IMRT) with Concurrent Fixed Dose-Rate Gemcitabine (FDR-G) for Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Simeone D, Luneville L, Serruys Y. Cascade fragmentation under ion beam irradiation: a fractal approach. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 82:011122. [PMID: 20866580 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.82.011122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Based on the fractal nature of collisions, the fragmentation of displacement cascades is investigated. Introducing the caliper diameter to take into account large displacements of atoms in a collision cascade, it is possible to describe this fragmentation in terms of a threshold energy Ec. From the knowledge of Ec, the number and the volume fraction of subcascades produced is then derived. This last information allows us to classify the efficiency of impinging particles to induce structural changes of solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Simeone
- CEA, DEN, SRMA, LA2M, MFE, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France.
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Krishnaswami S, Perkins S, Frost M, Nwomeh B, Simeone D, Nadler E, Orloff S. International Surgical Efforts within U.S Academic Institutions: Results of a Survey by the AAS/SUS Joint Committee on International Academic Surgery. J Surg Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.11.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Simeone D, Luneville L. Concentration profile distortion under ion beam mixing: an example of Levy flight. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2010; 81:021115. [PMID: 20365538 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.021115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In order to model the evolution of concentration profiles induced by ion beam mixing in thick layers, Monte Carlo simulations were performed to study in detail the transition probability controlling the evolution of this profile within the binary collision approximation. We demonstrate that this transition probability can be factorized in two distinct functions. The first one can be understood as a scale factor. The second one controls the dynamics of ion beam mixing which can be analyzed as a Levy flight. The power law form of the tail of this function closely linked to the cross section of a collision event is responsible for long tails of concentration profiles. We demonstrate that the Levy flight nature of ion beam mixing induces an enhancement of the evolution of the initial concentration profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Simeone
- CEA, DEN, SRMA, LA2M, Equipe Mixte MFE, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France.
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Brown D, Boyd A, Henrickson C, Hampton J, Almani F, Ben-Josef E, Zalupski M, Simeone D, Taylor J, Armitage R, Riba M. Prevalence of depression, sleep-related disturbances, and anxiety and their effect on quality of life in patients with adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e15678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e15678 Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of depression, sleep related disturbances and anxiety and their effect on quality of life in patients with recently diagnosed adenocarcinoma of the pancreas who present to a multidisciplinary pancreatic cancer clinic. Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal psychosocial distress was assessed utilizing Personal Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ9) to screen for depression and monitor symptoms during the course of care, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) for generalized anxiety, and the Sleep Problems Questionnaire 4 (SPQ4)/ University of Michigan Sleep Questionnaire to monitor sleep symptoms. Patients were evaluated at their intake consultation and at subsequent follow up visits. Results: 24 patients (pts; mean age 66 years, 48% females) consented to participate during the 6 month pilot study with longitudinal follow up for 13. The PHQ9 scores on presentation revealed mild to moderate depressive symptoms in 54% (13 pts) of pts and moderately severe depressive symptoms in only 8% (2 pts). A minority (2 pts, 8%) had PSWQ scores characteristic of an anxiety disorder, while 33% (8 pts) had moderate anxiety scores. Only 3 pts (12.5%) scores revealed a clear sleep problem; 10 pts, (41.67%) had no sleep problem and 10 pts had a potential sleep problem. Due to the limited follow up, a statistical difference in scores over time was not observed. Conclusions: Our results indicate that mild to moderate depressive symptoms, anxiety and potential sleep problems are common in patients referred to a multidisciplinary pancreatic cancer clinic. Moderately severe depressive symptoms, severe anxiety and clear sleep problems are not as prevalent as is generally believed. To better characterize the relationship of depression (and potential causes) with pancreatic cancer, additional prospective longitudinal studies are needed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Brown
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - A. Boyd
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - C. Henrickson
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - J. Hampton
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - F. Almani
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - E. Ben-Josef
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - M. Zalupski
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - D. Simeone
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - J. Taylor
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - R. Armitage
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - M. Riba
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prevalence of chronic constipation (CC) in unselected children, its association with atopy and the efficacy of a cow's milk protein (CMP) elimination diet on refractory constipation. STUDY DESIGN The study was conducted by six primary care paediatricians, serving a population of 5113 children aged from birth through to 12 years; only 2068 children were 6 months to 6 years. During a 3-month period, prevalence of CC was determined for the entire study population, ages 0-12 years. In the second part of the study, all patients aged 6 months to 6 years with CC, and age- and sex-matched controls, were evaluated for atopy and its association with CC. A questionnaire was completed including personal and family history of atopy and bowel-movement characteristics. Patients were tested for atopy by specific serum IgE and/or skin-prick tests. Constipated patients, refractory to osmotic laxatives, underwent a 4-week CMP elimination diet. RESULTS 91 (1.8%) children had CC, and 69 (3.3%) of the 6 months to 6 years age group fell into the atopy study age range. All 69 constipated children (mean age 34.9 (18.0) months) and 69 controls completed the questionnaire. Twelve of the 69 constipated children (17.3%) and 13 out of the 69 control children (18.8%) had a diagnosis of atopy. Eleven out of 69 (15.9%) constipated children were refractory to constipation treatment, and three (27.3%) of these had atopy. The 4-week trial of dietary elimination did not result in improvement in any of these 11 children. CONCLUSIONS In our study group, prevalence of atopy among children with CC is similar to that in the general population. The level of refraction of CC does not seem to be related to cow's milk allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Simeone
- National Health Service, Pietrelcina (BN) and Trentola Ducenta (CE), Italy
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Lee C, Scheiman J, Simeone D. P213. J Surg Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2006.12.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Lee C, Zhang L, Uhler M, Simeone D. A TGFβ-induced Smad complex directly activates PKA in pancreatic acinar cells and regulates pancreatic acinar cell growth. J Surg Res 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2005.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence and natural history of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in children using the Rome Criteria. METHODS Thirteen primary care pediatricians were randomly selected from the Campania region of the Italian National Health Service. Each pediatrician completed a detailed FGID questionnaire on consecutive patients seen during a 3-month period. A total of 9660 patients aged birth to 12 years were enrolled prospectively during this 3-month period. Follow-up was performed at 1-, 3-, and 12-month intervals. RESULTS A total of 194 children initially met strict criteria for at least 1 FGID. A total of 72 (37.1%) children had infant regurgitation, 26 (13.4%) had functional dyspepsia, 27 (13.9%) had irritable bowel syndrome, and 66 (34.1%) had functional constipation or other defecation disorders. All children who had a diagnosis of FGIDs were reevaluated at 1, 3, and 12 months to study the natural history of the illnesses. Additional evaluation revealed 5 children who had developed an organic diagnosis. Therefore, 5 (2.5%) of 194 children who had a diagnosis of FGIDs by the Rome criteria had a change in diagnosis to an organic disease during the study period, none of whom experienced permanent sequelae. CONCLUSIONS Of 194 children who received a prospective diagnosis of FGIDs using the Rome criteria, 97.5% continued to satisfy the diagnostic criteria or were improved at follow-up. The low prevalence of functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome in our population is most likely explained by the lack of adolescents in our sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erasmo Miele
- Department of Pediatrics, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Baldinozzi G, Simeone D, Gosset D, Dutheil M. Neutron diffraction study of the size-induced tetragonal to monoclinic phase transition in zirconia nanocrystals. Phys Rev Lett 2003; 90:216103. [PMID: 12786567 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.90.216103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2002] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Accurate neutron powder diffraction experiments at several temperatures allow one to monitor the reconstructive tetragonal to monoclinic phase transition as a function of the size of zirconia nanoparticles. The structure of the tetragonal phase observed in the nanocrystals is identical to that observed in micrometric zirconia above 1400 K. A uniaxial strain depending on grain size is observed. The phase transition occurs above a threshold crystal size. These results are analyzed within the Landau theory and can be understood as a mechanism of size-dependent phase transition where the primary order parameter is altered by the nanoparticle size.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Baldinozzi
- Laboratoire de Structures, Propriétés et Modélisation des Solides, UMR CNRS 8580 Ecole Centrale Paris, F-92295 Châtenay Malabry, France
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22
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Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Pancreatic acinar cells from various species express cholecystokinin (CCK) A, CCK-B, or a combination of these CCK receptor subtypes. The presence and functional roles of CCK receptors on human acinar cells remain unclear. METHODS Acini isolated from human pancreas were treated with CCK receptor agonists, CCK-8 and gastrin, and an agonist for m3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (m3 AchR), carbachol. Functional parameters measured included intracellular [Ca(2+)], amylase secretion, and ERK phosphorylation. Binding studies were performed using (125)I-CCK-8. Expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) was determined using real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and localized by in situ hybridization. RESULTS Human acini did not respond to CCK agonists. In contrast, they responded to carbachol with robust increases in each of the functional parameters. Moreover, the cells responded to CCK agonists after adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of CCK-A or CCK-B receptors. A low level of specific and a high level of nonspecific binding of (125)I-CCK-8 were observed. Quantitative RT-PCR indicated that the message levels for CCK-A receptors were approximately 30-fold lower than those of CCK-B receptors, which were approximately 10-fold lower than those of m3 Ach receptors. In situ hybridization indicated the presence of m3 Ach receptor and insulin mRNA but not CCK-A or CCK-B receptor mRNAs in adult human pancreas. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that human pancreatic acinar cells do not respond to CCK receptor agonists in terms of expected functional parameters and show that this is due to an insufficient level of receptor expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ji
- Department of Physiology, University of Michigan, 7710 Medical Sciences Building II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0622, USA
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23
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of oesophagitis is mainly based on histology, but interpretation of endoscopic biopsies is often difficult. We performed immunohistochemical studies on oesophageal biopsies to see if better characterization of the inflammatory cell infiltrate would improve the accuracy of the histologic diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. METHODS The study groups consisted of 40 consecutive children (mean age +/- SD: 79.6 +/- 5l.9 months; 20 boys) with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and 7 symptomatic children (mean age +/- SD: 52.6 +/- 37.0 months; 3 boys) without gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. All patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with oesophageal biopsies. The diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease was established by conventional endoscopic and histologic criteria. In each mucosal biopsy specimen, the number of intraepithelial CD3+, CD25+ (IL2 receptor+), ICAM+, HLA-DR+ and mucosal mast cells were determined. RESULTS Conventional histology was in close agreement with endoscopic findings (p<0.001) and reflected the clinical score even more than endoscopic findings. Conventional histology significantly correlated with each inflammatory immunohistochemical marker (<0.05 for each), but the markers were not predictive of symptom severity. Immunohistochemical markers were always abnormal in the gastro-oesophageal reflux disease patients, even in the mildest cases of oesophagitis. CONCLUSIONS Although there is a good correlation between symptoms and histology, in a subset of patients, immunohistochemical studies appear useful in supporting the histological diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tozzi
- Department of Paediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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24
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inadequate dietary fiber intake is a widely accepted explanation for chronic constipation in children with severe brain damage. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of glucomannan, a soluble fiber, as a treatment for chronic constipation in these children. STUDY DESIGN Twenty children with severe brain damage and chronic constipation were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with either glucomannan (n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) for 12 weeks. Stool habits, total and segmental gastrointestinal transit times, and anorectal motility were evaluated in all children before and after the treatment period. RESULTS Glucomannan significantly increased (P <.01) stool frequency, whereas the effect of placebo was not significant. Laxative or suppository use was significantly reduced (P <.01) by glucomannan but was not affected by placebo. Clinical scores of stool consistency were significantly improved and episodes of painful defecation per week were significantly reduced by glucomannan (P <.01) but not by placebo. However, neither glucomannan nor placebo had a measurable effect on total and segmental transit times. CONCLUSIONS In neurologically impaired children, glucomannan improves stool frequency but has no effect on colonic motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Staiano
- Department of Pediatrics, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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25
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Nizatidine is an H2 histaminic receptor blocker, which acts on the oxintic cells in the stomach. The efficacy of nizatidine on acid gastric secretion has been widely studied in adults with erosive and ulcerative esophagitis, but not in children. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of nizatidine in children with reflux esophagitis. METHODS Twenty-six patients were studied; all of them underwent endoscopy with multiple esophageal biopsies and 24-h intraesophageal pH monitoring. The diagnosis of esophagitis was based on histologic features. Patients were randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with either nizatidine or a placebo (10 mg/kg/day in two doses) for 8 weeks. A symptomatic score assessment was evaluated during the study. RESULTS Twenty-four patients completed the 8-week protocol. After therapy, 9/13 (69%) patients on nizatidine and 2/13 (15%) patients on the placebo were healed (p < 0.007 by Fisher's exact test). Histological findings were improved in two other (16.7%) patients and unchanged in the last (8.3%) patient on nizatidine. In the placebo group there was histological improvement in three (25%) patients, no variation in six (50%), and worsening in one (8.3%). After therapy, determination of esophageal pH showed a statistically significant decrease of the total acid exposure time (p < 0.01) only in the nizatidine group. The clinical score analysis showed an improvement of symptoms only in the nizatidine group (p < 0.01), except for vomiting, which was reduced in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that nizatidine is effective in treating children with reflux esophagitis. The children included in this study did not have severe esophagitis, and the conclusion must be limited to those with mild to moderate degrees of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Simeone
- Department of Pediatrics, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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26
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Riedel's thyroiditis is an often disabling disease with clinical and histologic similarity to several other fibrous inflammatory disorders. Surgical treatment alone is often unsatisfactory in permanently alleviating airway compression, dysphagia, neck immobility, pain, or chronic fatigue syndrome. Investigation of drugs shown to be of benefit in the treatment of related fibrous disorders in which hormonal factors or inflammatory deregulation appear to be important is indicated. Tamoxifen has not been previously used in the treatment of Riedel's thyroiditis. METHODS Four patients with clinical and histologic diagnoses of Riedel's thyroiditis were evaluated before and after treatment with tamoxifen. Each had progressive symptomatic disease of 3 to 16 years' duration despite one or more surgical procedures and steroid therapy. Subjective improvement was noted in all cases, and objective changes were confirmed by periodic physical and computed tomographic examinations. RESULTS Patients have been monitored for 1 to 4 years with subjective improvement in 100% and objective disease regression ranging from 50% to 100% in all patients. One patient had complete regression within 6 months, and another had more than 50% regression within 3 months. All have returned to predisease activity levels. There were no significant side effects of the therapy. CONCLUSIONS Tamoxifen has proved to be the most effective drug therapy available for managing Riedel's thyroiditis. Our studies suggest that this is unrelated to antiestrogen activity. Tamoxifen's effectiveness may be caused by a mechanism by which it stimulates the release of transforming growth factor-beta, which may inhibit the fibroblastic proliferation characteristic of Riedel's thyroiditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Few
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
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27
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Abstract
The boundary element method is well adjusted to the numerical resolution of thermal diffusion problems existing in complex volumes such as teeth. This technique is used to determine the temperatures in the bulk and on the surface of a tooth illuminated by a CO2 laser beam. The parameters taken into account in calculations include power absorbed by the tooth, laser irradiation time, and diameter of the beam on the tooth. In each case, a very fast and short heating period is observed on the tooth surface; then, the temperature decreases slowly. Inside the tooth, temperature variations are small or nonexistent. Temperature increases due to a laser beam remain concentrated at the impact region. Results are in reasonable agreement with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cerisier
- IUSTI, UMR CNRS 139, Université de Provence, Marseille, France
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Abstract
The efficacy of cisapride as a treatment for chronic constipation in children with severe brain damage was studied in 20 children. Each subject was randomly assigned to double-blind treatment with either cisapride (N = 10) or placebo (N = 10) for 12 weeks. Stool habits, total gastrointestinal transit time, colonic segmental transit times, and anorectal motility were evaluated in all children before and at the end of the treatment period. Although cisapride significantly (P < 0.05) increased stool frequency from baseline to week 12 and no significant change was documented in the placebo group, the mean change in stool frequency per week from baseline to 12 week was not significantly different between the two treatment groups. The use of laxatives or suppositories was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by cisapride, but remained unchanged in the placebo group. Furthermore, cisapride significantly (P < 0.05) reduced rectal compliance but had no effect on total gastrointestinal transit time and colonic segmental transit times. In summary, in neurologically impaired children with chronic constipation, cisapride increased bowel frequency but did not alter the delay in total and segmental gastrointestinal transit times.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Staiano
- Department of Pediatrics, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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29
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Staiano A, Basile P, Simeone D, Stanco A, Tozzi A, Caria MC. Proximal oesophageal pH-metry in children with respiratory symptoms. Ital J Gastroenterol 1996; 28:136-139. [PMID: 8789823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-six children (mean age: 16.3 months) with vomiting and/or respiratory symptoms and 28 children (mean age 10.5 months) with vomiting and/or regurgitation underwent dual-site 24-hour oesophageal pH recording. Thirty-nine children had gastro-oesophageal reflux and in all of them, irrespective of respiratory symptoms, distal oesophageal acid exposure was significantly (p < 0.01) longer than proximal exposure. Furthermore, data from the proximal pH electrode were not significantly different between children with and without respiratory symptoms for any of the variables studied. In conclusion, no single features of reflux pattern, as determined by 24-hours pH-metry, account for respiratory symptoms in children with documented gastro-oesophageal reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Staiano
- Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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30
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Simeone D, Gallet P, Papini F, Cerisier P. The radicular dentine temperature during laser irradiation: an experimental study. J Clin Laser Med Surg 1996; 14:17-21. [PMID: 9484095 DOI: 10.1089/clm.1996.14.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The detoxification and sterilization radicular surfaces that have been produced by periodontal diseases could be accomplished after polishing (root planing) using the thermal elevation resulting from CO2 laser on continuous emission. In vitro experiments reveal that thermal elevations reached on the surfaces or in the depth are proportional to the dispersed energy. The thermal elevation in the depth (0.5-1 mm from the impact point) remained moderate because of the water absorption potentials of the radiations. Energies from 2 to 4.5 J can help obtain the combination of surface temperature elevation, which allows detoxification, and of a thermal elevation in the depth, compatible with vital tissues. This energy has to be delivered at an application time under 0.6 sec in continuous mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Simeone
- Faculte D'Odontologie, Laboratoire IMEB, Marseille, France
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Gentile S, Vignoli A, Tommasielli G, Gualdiero P, Mirra G, Manzella D, Varricchio A, Simeone D, Varricchio M. Effect of low dose Amiodarone on the incidence of sudden death in elderly patients with congestive heart failure: a double-bind, placebo-controlled study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1996; 22 Suppl 1:191-5. [PMID: 18653029 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4943(96)86934-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To determine if low-dose Amiodarone could reduce sudden death (SD) among patients with congestive heart failure, a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted. The study group consisted of 46 patients (36 men and 10 women, mean age 71 +/- 5 years) with complex ventricular ectopy documented by 48-hour Holter monitoring. Randomization divided the patients into two treatment groups: the first group received Amiodarone (400 mg/day for 1 week and then 100 mg/day), while the second group received placebo. The drug significantly reduced ventricular arrhythmias, but then was no decrease in incidence of SD. This study demonstrates not only that low-dose Amiodarone can be safely administered to elderly patients with congestive heart failure and it will significantly suppress ventricular arrhythmias, but also that reduction in ventricular arrhythmias and the risk of SD are not linearly related.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gentile
- Department of Gerontology, Geriatric and Metabolic Diseases, Second University of Naples, Piazza Miraglia, 2, I-80138 Napoli, Italy
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare a non-invasive test of small bowel permeability with a more invasive approach involving endoscopy, mucosal biopsy, and oesophageal pH monitoring for rapidly differentiating gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) and cows' milk intolerance in 25 infants with persistent vomiting. Each subject underwent a cellobiose/mannitol permeability study, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with oesophageal and small bowel biopsies, and a 24 hour pH study. Reflux disease and/or cows' milk intolerance was responsible for vomiting in 24 (96%) of the subjects. Sixteen (64%) of the infants had GOR alone, four (16%) had GOR and cows' milk intolerance, and four (16%) had cows' milk intolerance alone. Morphometric analysis of small bowel biopsies was abnormal in 19% of the patients with GOR alone and in 67% with cows' milk intolerance with or without GOR. The permeability test was abnormal in only 6% of the patients with GOR but in 100% with GOR and cows' milk intolerance and in 100% with cows' milk intolerance alone. The non-invasive permeability study aimed at rapid determination of cows' milk intolerance should pre-empt a more invasive approach in the evaluation of infants with persistent vomiting.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Staiano
- Department of Paediatrics, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fiorillo
- Department of Pediatrics, II Faculty of Medicine, University of Naples, Italy
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34
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of cryopreserved cancellous bone allograft (CCBA) in the treatment of intraosseous periodontal defects compared to surgical debridement alone (DEBR). Cancellous bone was procured from femur heads that had been extracted for hip prosthesis procedures and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees C) in a tissue bank. Ten patients without systemic disorders and advanced periodontal disease (at least 2 intraosseous defects) participated in this investigation. Measurements from the cemento-enamel junction were made after initial therapy for clinical attachment level; also gingival recession, probing pocket depth, plaque index, and gingival index and, at the time of surgery, alveolar crest height and osseous defect depth were measured. All measurements were repeated at 1 year-reentry. Sixteen defects were debrided and grafted (test sites) and 13 defects were debrided only (control sites). Soft tissue measurements showed no statistical differences between the 2 groups. Defect fill was significantly greater with CCBA (1.75 mm) than with DEBR (0.56 mm). Defect depth reduction was 2.06 mm for CCBA and 0.78 mm for DEBR. These values correspond to a percent-defect resolution of 60% for CCBA and 29% for DEBR. Hard tissue measurements showed significant differences between the 2 groups. CCBA seems to be effective in the short-term treatment of intraosseous periodontal defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Borghetti
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Marseilles, France
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35
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Bonfil JJ, Simeone D, Borghetti A, Roig R, Werbrouck S, Vechis-Bon S, Gardella JP. [The effect of a formaldehyde-tyrothricin combination placed in periodontal pockets in association with scaling and root planing]. J Parodontol 1991; 10:305-14. [PMID: 1960663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A solution of formaldehyde and tyrothricin was placed in periodontal pockets of 14 patients. One maxillary quadrant was used as the experimental side, while the contralateral quadrant was employed as the control. A placebo solution was placed in the pockets of the control side. Both the experimental and control sides were treated on days -3, 0, +4, +7, +11 and +14. Scaling and root planing was accomplished on day 0. Plaque and gingival indices, and gingival fluid volume were recorded on all of the treatment days, as well as on day +28. Pocket depths were noted on days -3, 0, +14 and +28. Improvements were noted in all parameters measured on both the experimental and control sides, although statistical analyses revealed that plaque and gingival indices were slightly better in the experimental side. The author concludes that placing a Formaldehyde-Tyrothricin solution in periodontal pockets offers some therapeutic gain over scaling and root planing alone.
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Simeone D, Louise F. [The Schmid technic: clinical and biometric studies]. J Parodontol 1984; 3:241-54. [PMID: 6599117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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